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uniform, but willingly left with them so they would not enter the house. Zheng had her glasses confiscated when she was detained. Zheng was threatened by agents who told her her parents would suffer for the rest of their lives due to her actions. As a result of the stress received during interrogations, Zheng suffered from lack of sleep and hair fall outs. Zheng's health continued to deteriorate as she developed anxiety and her eyesight became poorer due to her glasses being confiscated. She also felt guilty about the other women's incarceration because she was the one who had thought of distributing stickers against sexual harassment.
441:
put their futures at risk, and even pressured by state agents. Additionally, the lack of medical treatment for Wu
Rongrong, who was suffering from Hepatitis B, prompted supporters to voice their concerns at the detention center where the women were held. Social media crackdowns were also implemented, as activists found ways to communicate through WeChat. The supporters were however briefly detained. In a similar show of support, people all around the world posted pictures online of themselves wearing masks of the five women's faces.
351:. During her interrogation, Wu attempted to make the agents release the other women by explaining that she was the founder Weizhiming Women's Center and that the other women were only volunteers. Wu was then taken to the center where the agents searched for and confiscated her electronic devices. Her home was also searched and her husband interrogated. Wu was finally taken to the Beijing Haidian District detention center where Li Maizi, Wei Tingting and Zheng Churan were being held. Wu Rongrong suffered from
20:
433:, who was then the US ambassador at the UN, tweeted: âIn China speaking out against sexual harassment is âcreating a disturbance.â Disturbance is restricting NGOs fighting for universal rights.â Several petitions were made calling for the women's release both globally and within China, including a petition from
344:), and called an âunfilial daughterâ. In an attempt to make her talk, the agents forced Li's father write a letter reprimanding her and ordering her to cease her work as a feminist activist however Li identified the letter as having been coerced. Li was also accused of being a spy for âsubverting state powerâ.
258:: éæ„ç¶), also known as Big Rabbit, is a feminist activist and writer. Zheng was invited by Wu Rongrong to participate in the âOccupy Men's Toiletsâ protest alongside Li Maizi, in 2012. She also worked on the âBloody Bridesâ campaign where Li Maizi, Wei Tinting and Xiao Meili in blood-stained wedding gowns.
480:
After the arrest of the
Feminist Five, feminist activism was made harder to practice in China. In 2017, the âOverseas NGO Management Lawâ made it illegal to accept funds from foundations that do not have offices in China. Moreover, NGOs that do not have specific qualifications are unable to cooperate
444:
In addition to these pleas from the global and
Chinese public as well as world leaders and organizations to release the Feminist Five, human rights lawyers in China made a statement asking for the women's release on March 9, 2015 and female lawyers reached out to the Department of Public Security and
440:
In China, specifically
Guangzhou and Beijing, women took the streets wearing masks of the Feminist Five's faces as a show of support. Petitions circulated within universities and students who had signed those petitions would be warned and threatened by university officials with poor marks that would
374:
Wang Man was arrested and taken underground in the
Beijing Haidian detention center, where the other Feminist Five were being held. Wang Man, like Wei and Zheng, also had her glasses confiscated and could not properly see her surroundings. Wang was placed in isolation after her interrogation. One of
358:
Zheng Churan, who was living with her parents at the time, was arrested at her home after the authorities went looking for her under the pretense of needing to check her housing registration. Zheng claims they did not have a search warrant or any identification and only one of the men wore a police
101:
The incident became part of
Chinese feminist history and the Feminist Five are still criminalized and under state surveillance after their release. While their detention sparked outrage and encouraged young women to speak up and also take part in feminist activism, it was hard to engage in feminist
487:
Regardless of these efforts to discourage people from taking part in feminist activism, the story of the
Feminist Five became known around the world, and inspired young women in China to get involved as well. According to Wu's deputy, Gina, âThe detention of the Feminist Five was awful, but on the
491:
Although movements such as #MeToo that spread throughout several countries across the world could not be completely stifled, censorship and crackdowns did not allow for the movement to take off completely in China. In 2017, three women planning to hand out anti-sexual harassment stickers as the
319:
In 2010, Wang started working for an anti-poverty NGO in
Beijing where she met feminist activists she could relate to, which led her to becoming involved in feminist campaigns such as the âOccupy Men's Toiletsâ campaign. Wang also wrote articles about street feminist activism in China.
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to lodge their complaints. The Public
Interest Collaborative Network for Women Lawyers, a group of feminist lawyers, also signed a petition demanding the women's release. This resulted in a crackdown where hundreds of the human rights lawyers involved, such as
362:
Wei
Tingting, like Zheng, also had her glasses confiscated when she was arrested and could no longer see. Wei was asked about her activism and was denied a lawyer when she asked to call for one during her interrogation. Wei posted an essay on
185:, a famous Chinese teacher, and the first Beijing court-issued restraining order. Li held a sign that read âShame on You, Perpetrator Li Yang!â and this event later allowed the enactment of a new anti-domestic violence law in China, in 2016.
503:
Engaging in feminist activism in China remains difficult due to censorship and various restrictions put in place to keep people from doing so, but the actions of the Feminist Five have nonetheless inspired more young women to take action.
476:
that she had gotten used to being under state surveillance. Zheng Churan also talks about being monitored by Guangzhou agents, although they were not the same ones that had interrogated her during the Feminist Five's detention in 2015.
332:â. The women were apprehended following their planned campaign against sexual harassment on public transportation, where they were to distribute anti-sexual harassment stickers on the subway for International Women's Day.
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According to Li Maizi, Li was placed in cell 1105, Zheng Churan in cell 1107, Wei Tingting cell 1103 and Wang Man in cell 1101. Wu Rongrong on the other hand was placed in cell 1203, further away from the other cells.
339:
Li Maizi was arrested at her home, where she lived with her partner Teresa Xu. At first, Li did not speak during interrogations. She was cursed at by the agents interrogating her for her sexuality (Li identifies as a
425:, who was then running for president of the United States, wrote on Twitter on April 6, 2015: âThe detention of women's activists in #China must end. This is inexcusable. #FreeBeijing20Fiveâ. Similarly,
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other hand, so many more people started paying attention to our cause and volunteeringâ. Moreover, more women (including high schoolers) came to use the word âfeministâ to identify themselves.
355:
and was still recovering from 2 weeks of hospitalization when she was arrested. During her incarceration, her requests for medical treatment were ignored and she was not allowed to rest.
328:
The Feminist Five were arrested on March 6, 2015 in different cities and officially detained on International Women's Day in Beijing Haidian District detention center on the grounds of â
1315:
465:
As a result of their incarceration, all five of the women were left to deal with psychological issues. In the case of Wang Man and Wu Rongrong, medical neglect was also a concern.
98:
although protests within China were subject to censorship and crackdowns. The Feminist Five were released on bail on April 13, 2015 due to the backlash following their detention.
159:. The group protested the lack of public toilets for women by occupying men's public toilets in Guangzhou. The protest was then reported by various Chinese news outlets such as
70:(March 8) and became known following their arrest. Their arrest sparked outrage both internationally and domestically, leading to protests in support of the five women in the
833:
484:
These restrictions also affected the Feminist Five. After the women's release, lack of funding and pressure from authorities forced Wu Rongrong's Weizhiming to shut down.
429:
tweeted on April 10, 2015: âRights of women and girls should never be suppressed. We urge Chinese leaders to show respect for women's rights and #FreeBeijing20Fiveâ.
617:
181:' Beijing office in a white wedding dress covered with fake blood to celebrate American citizen Kim Lee's divorce grant due to domestic violence from her husband
378:
During their incarceration, the five women found comfort in hearing each other's voices and knowing they were not alone. Wei Tingting would sing songs such as â
300:
In 2012, Wei participated in the âBloody Bridesâ campaign against domestic violence organized by Wu Rongrong, where she paraded with Li Maizi and Xiao Meili.
805:
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to address his âsexist behaviourâ and listed different types of sexist behaviours through a poll she made online that gathered more than 10,000 responses.
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Following great pressure on the government calling for their release, the women were let go on bail on April 13, 2015 after being detained for 37 days.
237:
protesting where a woman bound with white sheet was laid on the ground, with sheets of papers spelling "We Could All Be Deng Yujiao" placed above her.
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during her incarceration and also had to face the same challenges regarding her eyesight as Zheng who had gotten her glasses confiscated as well.
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Feminist Five had done, were expelled from their homes in Guangzhou. Posts written against sexual harassment and sexual assault on WeChat and
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Wang's greatest concerns during her detention was that she had a heart condition and was uncertain of when she would be able to return home.
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was permanently banned on Weibo for posting âsensitive and illegal information.â The account had 180,000 followers on the platform.
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Following the news of their arrest, the hashtag #FreeBeijing20Five (#FreeTheFive was then used instead) started being used on
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23:
Digital painting portraits of (clockwise starting top-left) Li Tingting, Zheng Churan, Wei Tingting, Wu Rongrong, Wang Man.
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activist who became a prominent feminist figure in China along with the other Feminist Five following the group's arrest.
155:
In 2012, Li Maizi initiated theâOccupy Men's Toiletsâ protest organized by the Gender Equality Work Group, where she met
886:
67:
166:
That same year, Li took part in the âBloody Bridesâ parade for Valentine's Day to protest domestic violence alongside
66:
The five women were detained for 37 days after planning to hand out sexual harassment stickers on the subway ahead of
1392:
290:: éŠć©·ć©·) is an LGBT and women's rights activist. Wei joined the LGBT organization Wuhan Rainbow after organizing the
119:
234:
1259:
834:"Four Years on: The Whereabouts of the 'Feminist Five' and the Sustainability of Feminist Activism in China"
391:
382:â, joined by Li Maizi who would sing âA Song for All Womenâ in order to make the other women feel at ease.
240:
In 2012, Wu organized the âBloody Bridesâ parade in which Li Maizi, Wei Tingting and Xiao Meili took part.
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summit on women's rights in New York as part of the celebration of the twentieth anniversary of Beijing's
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1316:"China's feminist five: 'This is the worst crackdown on lawyers, activists and scholars in decades'"
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with international foundations and these new limitations made joining feminist movements harder.
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Wu moved to Beijing to study at China Women's University where she volunteered for anti-poverty,
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and led Guangdong officials to respond by promising to add more public toilets for women.
103:
1158:"China : Arbitrary arrest and detention of nine women's and LGBT rights defenders"
1109:
The Global Trajectories of Queerness: Re-thinking Same-Sex Politics in the Global South
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activism without funding. Their actions are still recognized, particularly during the
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called âPrison Notesâ where she documented her life in detention. Wei suffered from
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207:, a Beijing human rights group, before founding the Weizhiming Women's Center in
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Despite their release, the Feminist Five are still criminalized and subject to
229:, a young woman who had killed a government official in self-defence as he was
1340:"How the arrest of 5 Chinese women galvanized the country's feminist movement"
395:
171:
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770:
720:"'Feminism is my soul,' says gay Chinese activist after 37 days in detention"
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1236:"Meet the Brave Women Behind China's Very First Modern Feminist Movement"
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1057:"Chinese activist Zheng Churan: 'Hey Trump, feminists are watching you"
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36:
697:"I went to jail for handing out feminist stickers in China | Li Maizi"
1134:"Blood brides: feminist activists cracking China's patriarchal order"
364:
91:
1004:"China's 'Feminist Five' to continue the fight against gender bias"
1260:"U.S. calls on China to release detained women's rights activists"
1182:"Five Chinese feminists held over International Women's Day plans"
297:
Wei also worked as the director of an LGBT organization, Ji'ande.
87:
18:
940:"Men's Bathroom 'Occupied' in Protest Over China Toilet Inequity"
413:
in April to call for the women's release. The hashtag referenced
806:"Chinese women's rights group collapses under official pressure"
664:"Taking Feminist Battle to China's Streets, and Landing in Jail"
149:
1355:"China Releases 5 Women's Rights Activists Detained for Weeks"
203:: æŠć”ć”) is a feminist activist who worked on women's rights at
225:
In 2009, she organized a campaign at Yirenping in support of
594:
Betraying Big Brother : the feminist awakening in China
437:, an LGBT rights NGO, which amassed over 85,000 signatures.
174:. The women wore wedding gowns splattered with fake blood.
1030:"Deng Yujiao Tells Her Story; Protesters Express Support"
887:"Why the World Should Pay Attention to China's Feminists"
1291:"The Inspirational Backstory of China's 'Feminist Five'"
454:
who was Li Maizi's lawyer, were detained months later.
261:
In 2016, Zheng wrote a letter to then-President-elect
43:
on public transportation. The quintet is composed of
472:. In December 2016, Wu Rongrong explained to writer
718:
915:"Meet the 5 Female Activists China Has Detained"
39:on March 6, 2015 for planning a protest against
496:were taken down. In 2018, the popular account
417:, a campaign dedicated to helping free women
390:The Feminist Five's arrest happened ahead of
347:Wu Rongrong was arrested upon her arrival in
8:
921:(in Chinese). The New York Times. 2015-04-14
1106:Tellis, Ashley; Bala, Sruti (2015-10-30).
616:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (
177:In 2013, Li Maizi attended a party at the
1162:International Federation for Human Rights
1082:"BBC 100 Women 2016: Who is on the list?"
747:"Detention of the Feminist Five in China"
717:Tang, Didi; Chang, Jack (19 April 2015).
1210:"China's detained 'guerrilla feminists'"
974:China's Millennials: The Want Generation
513:
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330:Picking quarrels and provoking trouble
312:: çæŒ) is a gender researcher based in
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144:: æć©·ć©·), also known as Li Maizi (
731:from the original on 2022-06-18.
148:: æéșŠć) is a women's rights and
118:groups and protests such as the
16:Chinese women's rights activists
1234:Bianco, Marcie (7 April 2015).
114:The five women had met through
812:. Associated Press. 2015-06-05
636:"A Cafe Chat With Li Tingting"
1:
662:Jacobs, Andrew (2015-04-05).
1289:Sile, Zhao (17 April 2015).
1028:Beach, Sophie (2009-05-26).
977:. Rowman & Littlefield.
447:All China-Women's Federation
1353:Wong, Edward (2015-04-13).
1314:Zeng, Jinyan (2015-04-17).
634:Cao, Yaxue (27 July 2016).
592:Hong Fincher, Leta (2018).
294:in Wuhan in 2007 and 2009.
268:Zheng was chosen as one of
233:her. The campaign involved
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695:Li, Maizi (8 March 2017).
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272:in 2016 for her activism.
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120:Gender Equality Work Group
47:(birth name Li Tingting),
1034:China Digital Times (CDT)
971:Fish, Eric (2016-08-15).
404:World Conference on Women
68:International Women's Day
1008:South China Morning Post
222:. Wu graduated in 2007.
392:Chinese Communist Party
24:
218:, and women's rights
35:who were arrested in
22:
745:Zheng, Wang (2015).
398:'s cohosting of the
324:Arrest and Detention
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419:political prisoners
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31:is a group of five
1359:The New York Times
893:. 14 November 2018
668:The New York Times
470:state surveillance
394:general secretary
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1393:Feminism in China
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984:978-1-4422-7249-1
859:"Finding a Voice"
474:Leta Hong Fincher
292:Vagina Monologues
41:sexual harassment
33:Chinese feminists
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