111:
200:. In six abandoned army barracks some 4,000 women and children lived in cramped quarters. Widespread disease led to high mortality of children. Younger women, a few hundred, were sent to work at local farms, though this often was in fact rape by the hands of their "employers". Guards made night-time selections of women for rape as well.
121:
On 27 June 1941, known as the "Friday of Terror", all Jews were ordered to assemble in the town square and marched to the shore of Lake Mastis, where the
Lithuanians proclaimed that the Jews were responsible for the Rainiai massacre. The Jews were then forced to dig up the bodies of the executed
91:(LAF) took over the town, and started a campaign of violence against the Jews: breaking into homes, desecrating synagogues and Torah scrolls. On 25 June the German army entered Telšiai, and Major Alfonsas Svilas, a Lithuanian nationalist, was placed in charge of the town.
36:, and with the exception of 500–600 young women, were all shot on 30 August 1941. The 500–600 young women were moved back to a ghetto in Telšiai, and with the exception of some escapees, were shot on 30–31 December 1941 Of the escapees, 64 Jewish women survived.
148:
According to testimony of a
Lithuanian perpetrator, the Jews were lined up in groups of 30 to 40, ordered to undress, push the bodies of those killed previously into the pit, and then lie down on top of them. The Jews were shot in these small batches all night.
28:(Yiddish: Telz) was carried out by the local Lithuanian leadership with occasional supervision by Nazi German units. The Jewish population in 1939 was 2,800, some 35 percent of the town's population. Additional Jews found refuge in Telšiai following the
129:, who was formerly chairman of Lithuanian parliament, were rebuffed by the bishop who told the Jews that "This is what you deserve for bringing the Bolsheviks to Lithuania", this despite the persecution of religious Jews during Soviet rule.
222:
The 500–600 young women were taken back to Telšiai, and housed in a ghetto on Ezero Street. Lake Mastis was on one side of the ghetto, and all other sides were fenced with a wooden fence and barbed wire. The women were forced to wear
137:
On 15–16 July 1941, the Jewish men of the town were shot. Noreika's deputy in LAF Telšiai, Bronius
Juodikis, the chief of police, organized the killing, eight German SD members and about 50 Lithuanian activists participated. The
213:
The rest were marched in columns of approximately 75 to
Geruliai forest, thrown into pits, and shot. Some women and children were buried alive. A Soviet report estimates the death toll at the site to have been 1,580.
32:. Telšiai was taken by German troops on 25 June 1941. Jews were terrorized by the Germans and their Lithuanian collaborators and on 15–16 July all Jewish men were shot. The women were moved to a camp in
549:
207:, camp commander B. Platakis offered to stave off the aktion in return for 100,000 rubles. The women collected their valuables overnight, and handed them over to Platakis.
237:
Towards the end of
December 1941, the women learned that the ghetto would soon be liquidated. Some women fled, finding refuge with local farmers. Some later reached the
499:
314:
83:. On 23 June 1941, Telšiai was bombed by the Germans. On the night of 24 June, following a prison uprising, the Soviets executed some 72 political prisoners in the
489:, edited by Shmuel Spector, Geoffrey Wigoder, Research Associate Institute of Contemporary Jewry Geoffrey Wigoder, New York University Press, pp. 1301–1302
564:
574:
559:
554:
29:
64:, one of the three largest in Lithuania, was located there. In 1940 a group of students and rabbis from the yeshiva fled, reaching
415:
Genocidas ir
Rezistencija. 2013. Nr.2. Aleksandras Vitkus, Chaimas Bargmanas. “Žydų likimas Telšių valsčiaus mažuosiuose getuose.”
57:
390:
252:
In total, of those women who escaped the ghetto, some 64 survived when the Soviet army liberated the area from the Nazis.
230:
On 24 December 1941, some 30 Jewish women and children from the ghetto were shot at the home of the priest
Dambrauskas in
544:
441:
414:
539:
80:
444:, edited by Alvydas Nikzentaitis, Alvydas Nikžentaitis, Stefan Schreiner, Darius Staliūnas, Rodopi, pages 235–237
88:
471:
425:
52:), 35 percent of the population. Following the 1939 German ultimatum to Lithuania some 7,000 Jews fled
503:
318:
76:
569:
126:
391:"Ūkininko patarėjas. 1941.07.25 (Image: 19410725-ukininkopatarejas-3-rainiai.jpg, 1101 × 813 px)"
162:
115:
261:
238:
234:
as a symbolic reprisal against the priest, who had tried to save Jews at the beginning of July.
486:
244:
On 30–31 December 1941, those women who remained in the ghetto were taken to
Rainiai and shot.
456:
368:
353:
334:
380:
Lithuanian
Genocide and Resistance Research Centre Archive. Kazio Šilgalio byla. 12.17.Š-135
84:
459:, edited by Sonja Maria Hedgepeth, Rochelle G. Saidel, Brandeis University Press, page 111
140:
122:
prisoners, clean and lick them, and then re-bury them. The Jewish men were then tortured.
231:
177:
167:
56:(Memel) into Lithuania, and many found refuge in Telšiai. In June 1940, the Soviet Union
523:
507:
322:
61:
533:
95:
181:
429:
338:
224:
197:
487:
The
Encyclopedia of Jewish Life Before and During the Holocaust: Seredina-Buda-Z
53:
45:
24:
518:
65:
99:
189:
173:
158:
33:
110:
193:
185:
79:
on 22 June 1941, while Lithuanian partisans engaged the Soviets in the
204:
210:
On 30 August, some 500–600 young women were ordered to stand aside.
369:
The Truth and Nothing But the Truth: Jewish Resistance in Lithuania
161:, along with women from Viešvenai and Jews from smaller towns like
109:
69:
227:, but were allowed to leave the ghetto for work and or to beg.
157:
The women and children of the town were moved to a camp in
457:
Sexual Violence Against Jewish Women During the Holocaust
510:, and Mel Hecker, Volume II, part B, pp. 1038–1039.
354:
Women's Experiences in the Holocaust: In Their Own Words
325:, and Mel Hecker, Volume II, part B, pp. 1131–1132.
519:
Description of women's behavior in the Telšiai ghetto
203:
On 29 August 1941, with impending rumors of a coming
371:, Aleks Faitelson, Gefen Publishing House, page 458
349:
347:
524:translation of Telsiai Yizkor Book on JewishGen
467:
465:
482:
480:
8:
550:Holocaust massacres and pogroms in Lithuania
500:Encyclopedia of Camps and Ghettos, 1933–1945
498:The United States Holocaust Memorial Museum
452:
450:
315:Encyclopedia of Camps and Ghettos, 1933–1945
313:The United States Holocaust Memorial Museum
364:
362:
72:in 1941, where they reopened the yeshiva.
432:, University of Nebraska Press, page 146
309:
307:
305:
303:
301:
299:
297:
341:, University of Nebraska Press, page 30
295:
293:
291:
289:
287:
285:
283:
281:
279:
277:
273:
442:The Vanished World of Lithuanian Jews
7:
102:traveled to Telšiai to meet Svilas.
44:In 1939, around 2,800 Jews lived in
30:1939 German ultimatum to Lithuania
14:
426:The Holocaust in the Soviet Union
395:silviafoticom.files.wordpress.com
335:The Holocaust in the Soviet Union
94:On 24 June, LAF regional leader
87:near Telšiai. Followers of the
565:December 1941 events in Europe
1:
560:August 1941 events in Europe
575:Jews and Judaism in Telšiai
591:
555:July 1941 events in Europe
153:Geruliai camp and massacre
145:was active in the region.
89:Lithuanian Activist Front
16:Mass killing in Lithuania
60:including Telšiai. The
356:, Agnes Grunwald-Spier
225:Star of David armbands
118:
113:
504:Geoffrey P. Megargee
319:Geoffrey P. Megargee
77:Operation Barbarossa
545:Mass murder in 1941
127:Justinas Staugaitis
125:Appeals to bishop
119:
58:occupied Lithuania
540:1941 in Lithuania
75:Germany launched
582:
511:
496:
490:
484:
475:
469:
460:
454:
445:
439:
433:
423:
417:
412:
406:
405:
403:
401:
387:
381:
378:
372:
366:
357:
351:
342:
332:
326:
311:
171:
106:Friday of Terror
85:Rainiai massacre
590:
589:
585:
584:
583:
581:
580:
579:
530:
529:
515:
514:
497:
493:
485:
478:
470:
463:
455:
448:
440:
436:
424:
420:
413:
409:
399:
397:
389:
388:
384:
379:
375:
367:
360:
352:
345:
333:
329:
312:
275:
270:
262:Plungė massacre
258:
250:
239:Šiauliai Ghetto
220:
165:
155:
141:Einsatzkommando
135:
133:Massacre of men
108:
42:
17:
12:
11:
5:
588:
586:
578:
577:
572:
567:
562:
557:
552:
547:
542:
532:
531:
528:
527:
521:
513:
512:
508:Martin C. Dean
491:
476:
461:
446:
434:
418:
407:
382:
373:
358:
343:
327:
323:Martin C. Dean
272:
271:
269:
266:
265:
264:
257:
254:
249:
246:
219:
218:Telšiai ghetto
216:
154:
151:
134:
131:
107:
104:
62:Telshe Yeshiva
41:
38:
15:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
587:
576:
573:
571:
568:
566:
563:
561:
558:
556:
553:
551:
548:
546:
543:
541:
538:
537:
535:
525:
522:
520:
517:
516:
509:
505:
501:
495:
492:
488:
483:
481:
477:
473:
468:
466:
462:
458:
453:
451:
447:
443:
438:
435:
431:
427:
422:
419:
416:
411:
408:
396:
392:
386:
383:
377:
374:
370:
365:
363:
359:
355:
350:
348:
344:
340:
336:
331:
328:
324:
320:
316:
310:
308:
306:
304:
302:
300:
298:
296:
294:
292:
290:
288:
286:
284:
282:
280:
278:
274:
267:
263:
260:
259:
255:
253:
247:
245:
242:
240:
235:
233:
228:
226:
217:
215:
211:
208:
206:
201:
199:
195:
191:
187:
183:
179:
175:
169:
164:
160:
152:
150:
146:
144:
142:
132:
130:
128:
123:
117:
112:
105:
103:
101:
97:
96:Jonas Noreika
92:
90:
86:
82:
81:June uprising
78:
73:
71:
67:
63:
59:
55:
51:
47:
39:
37:
35:
31:
27:
26:
23:Holocaust in
19:
494:
474:, Yad Vashem
437:
430:Yitzhak Arad
421:
410:
398:. Retrieved
394:
385:
376:
339:Yitzhak Arad
330:
251:
243:
236:
229:
221:
212:
209:
202:
156:
147:
139:
136:
124:
120:
93:
74:
49:
43:
22:
20:
18:
166: [
163:Viešvėnai I
116:Lake Mastis
98:, based in
534:Categories
268:References
48:(Yiddish:
40:Background
248:Aftermath
232:Alsėdžiai
198:Nevarėnai
178:Alsėdžiai
66:Cleveland
472:Geruliai
400:13 March
256:See also
174:Rietavas
159:Geruliai
114:View of
54:Klaipėda
34:Geruliai
570:Telšiai
194:Laukuva
186:Varniai
182:Žarėnai
46:Telšiai
25:Telšiai
205:aktion
100:Plungė
190:Luokė
170:]
402:2019
196:and
70:Ohio
50:Telz
21:The
536::
506:,
502:,
479:^
464:^
449:^
428:,
393:.
361:^
346:^
337:,
321:,
317:,
276:^
241:.
192:,
188:,
184:,
180:,
176:,
172:,
168:lt
68:,
526:.
404:.
143:2
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
