389:, James Dick, briefed by Noakes, decided on a dawn raid. In the early morning of Saturday, 24 December 1910, Captain Dick sent Noakes to wake the Ruler of Dubai and have him ready to meet Dick and his men. Dick himself set off from Hyacinth at 5.30 a.m. with 100 men. Arriving at the Sheikh's house, Captain Dick was told by the Sheikh's father that Butti bin Suhail would not see him. Noakes, who had arrived at the ruler's house at 5 a.m., had also been refused. Captain Dick lost no further time and went with his landing party directly to the house Noakes had searched a few days before. Finding arms buried in the house, Dick left a Major in charge of the search and proceeded with a force of men to the trader Ahmed's house, where men on the roof opened fire on his soldiers. Dick's men returned fire and forced an entrance to the house, posting sentries and searching the premises. Butti bin Suhail arrived at the house at 8 a.m. but a mob had also gathered, At around 8.20 a.m., widespread gunfire broke out and the British force fired volleys into the growing crowd, taking cover in Ahmed's house.
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352:, encouraged by these free trade policies and also guarantees of security and tolerance. The imposition of taxes by the Persian government added impetus to the exodus. The impact of Maktoum's policies was immediate, demonstrated by the movements of the steamers of the Bombay and Persia Steam Navigation Company. From 1899 to 1901, the company's steamers visited Dubai five times yearly. In 1902, they called in twenty-one times and subsequently their visits became fortnightly. By 1906, these boats alone were trading 70,000 tonnes of cargo.
379:, the then-Ruler of Dubai since 1906, and demanded to search a house in the town for illegal weapons. Butti bin Suhail was slow to respond and Noakes was kept waiting for an hour before the party left the Ruler's house and headed for the town, meeting further delays once they arrived. By the time the door of the house in question was opened, Noakes found the cupboard bare, but was encouraged to be told by a slave by the name of Sultan that the arms he was looking for were concealed elsewhere, in the house of a trader called Ahmed.
494:, "was of course unlucky and we may have to face newspaper misrepresentationā¦" Cox was censured by Bombay on 2 January 1911: "The Government of India are not satisfied with situation that has arisen in Dubaiā¦ action of Commander was hardly prudent and was likely to provoke reprisals." The Viceroy, Curzon, noted: "object originally in view was hardly worth the risk", labelled the reprisals "Onerous" and urged Cox to restore "friendly relations with the least possible delay".
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Cox back-pedalled: "I think this is perhaps a case in which telegraphic brevity or faulty expression has conveyed a wrong impression." He cavilled in a telegram back to Curzon, who had balked at the very idea ā mooted by Cox ā of installing a
British agent in Dubai under threat of bombardment of the
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weighed in with a piece filed on 31 December 1910, which pointed out that the mood on the coast generally was that the
British interdiction of shipping that had been taking place was viewed by the locals as an attempt to disarm the Arabs ā a sentiment stoked by Egyptian newspapers and helped by the
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s armaments and ammunition. The ship was, it was pointed out to them, ready to set up a bombardment should Butti bin Suhail decide not to comply. Butti bin Suhail handed over the 400 rifles demanded, as well as 50,000 rupees. He acquiesced to the setting up of a new "tide pole" to help the
British
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Curzon concurred with this view of public opinion on the coast. His cable to Cox ends with an instruction to
British forces in the area: "it should be clearly explained to the tribesmen at Dubai, as elsewhere, that they have no intention of weakening their independence, or of preventing their own
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established Dubai as a free port, with no taxation being levied on imports or exports and he also gave merchants land on which to build warehouses and other establishments. A number of traders moved to Dubai from other coastal towns, as well as from the
Persian town of
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A set of demands was laid out following the incident, which Sheikh Butti bin Suhail Al
Maktoum was expected to meet, including the installation of a British Agent (a demand that India was to decide was unsupportable) and the payment of reparations. The Rulers of
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As a result of the incident, to the grave concern of Butti bin Suhail, who was trying to build his mercantile port by attracting traders to set up their businesses in Dubai, some 150 merchants left the town, mostly
Persians involved in the armaments trade.
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Cox, under pressure from India, was forced to relinquish his scheme for further bombarding Dubai and installing a
British agent. "It was only intended to demolish the fort and then some of the outlying houses," he claimed in a cable to Bombay.
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The
British force sustained losses of four killed and nine wounded. Commenting on the incident, Rear-Admiral Slade, Secretary of the Admiralty, pointed out, "I must state my opinion that the conduct of both officers and men of the
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The idea of installing a
British agent in Dubai was quietly dropped and, in fact, was not to become a reality until 1954, when the British Political Agency was opened in Dubai, eclipsing the former Residency in
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using high explosive munitions. The attack and subsequent bombardment resulted in the killing of 37 of Dubai's townspeople, as well as four dead and five wounded British servicemen.
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was extremely creditable but that the operations were somewhat hastily undertaken without paying sufficient consideration to the prejudices and ideas of an oriental people."
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ships gauge the depth of the creek and to the setting up of a telegraph and post office ā both desirable to the British and developments he had previously resisted.
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in the Gulf. As the Times' report noted: "They see no reason why what is sauce for the Muscat goose should not be sauce for the Dubai gander."
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Report of the 20th December 1910 from the Political Agent, Kuwait to the Political Resident, Bushire IOR/L/PS/18/B321
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The British attempted to stem the tide of trade through Dubai, and on 20 December 1910, John Noakes of the first
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One of the British detachments was pinned down under heavy fire from the townspeople and was relieved by the
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Report of James Dick of HMS Hyacinth to CIC HM Ships and Vessels, East Indies 1910 IOR/L/PS/10/115 619/1907
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was capable of twenty-three knots and carried six-inch quick firing guns, each firing forty-five kilo
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fact that the British were allowing the trade at Muscat to continue even as they captured and burned
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Letter to the Secretary to the Government of India in the Foreign Department, 8 January 1911
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firing her six-inch guns into the densely populated town centre. An armoured steamship,
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Thirty-seven of the townspeople of Dubai were killed, an unknown number more wounded.
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town, let alone the fine of 50,000 rupees Cox had levied against Butti bin Suhail.
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of the area with a treaty intended to eradicate the trade in 1902, the year before
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Telegram 35 dated 12/1/1911 to the Foreign Secretary, Calcutta IOR/L/PS/18/B321
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Telegram 33 dated 12/1/1911 to the Foreign Secretary, Calcutta IOR/L/PS/18/B321
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Gazetter of the Persian Gulf, Oman and Central Arabia - Volume One: Historical
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in the late 19th and early 20th century and the British had presented the
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under his protection, a large, armed and angry mob lining the streets.
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572:. Calcutta: Superintendent Government Printing, India. p. 743.
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Britain and the administration of the Trucial States 1947-1965
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flags, to Persia. Armaments were also making their way to
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British maritime action had curtailed the trade between
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military action against suspected gun runners based in
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Arriving at Dubai on 23 December 1910, the captain of
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Cable 87, Bushire, 8th January 1911 IOR/L/PS/10/115
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118:Shelling of Dubai town by HMS
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634:Cox, Percy
622:Cox, Percy
610:Cox, Percy
531:References
361:ammunition
191:Small arms
90:55Ā°17ā²50ā³E
87:25Ā°15ā²47ā³N
715:cite book
707:884280680
488:Percy Cox
471:Hyacinth'
343:In 1901,
322:Abu Dhabi
433:Hyacinth
425:Hyacinth
412:-packed
406:Hyacinth
402:Hyacinth
395:Hyacinth
386:Hyacinth
334:Ibn Saud
274:Hyacinth
252:incident
250:Hyacinth
184:Hyacinth
176:Strength
120:Hyacinth
69:Location
50:Hyacinth
36:incident
34:Hyacinth
525:Sharjah
463:Sharjah
410:lyddite
373:pinnace
314:Muttrah
299:Sharjah
256:British
205:37 dead
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490:, the
417:shells
350:Lingeh
330:French
310:Persia
306:Muscat
295:Curzon
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115:Result
509:dhows
326:Qatar
260:Dubai
157:Dubai
74:Dubai
725:link
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703:OCLC
693:ISBN
452:HMS
384:HMS
359:and
357:guns
318:Oman
308:and
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247:The
182:HMS
61:Date
48:HMS
454:Fox
316:in
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