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has one of the largest Kernza breeding programs in the country. Scientists at the
University are selectively breeding the plant to improve some of the current issues, particularly those concerning yields. Their "Forever Green Initiative" has attracted interest from large agricultural producers like
400:
The
General Mills brand Cascadian Farm has incorporated Kernza into some of its foods, with the first Kernza cereal produced in 2019. Cascadian Farm agreed to purchase an initial amount of the perennial grain, which is driving farmers to plant on commercial-scale fields versus the test sized plots
388:
that lives and remains productive for three or more years. Rather than growing for only one season before harvest, like most grains and annual crops, perennial grains grow year after year. After two decades of plant breeding over 11 cycles, The Land
Institute has domesticated a form of wheatgrass
459:
With perennial soil cover such as that provided by Kernza, farmers stand to greatly reduce soil erosion, potentially turning agriculture into a soil-forming ecosystem, much like the natural ecosystems it replaced. Initial research suggests that due to extensive perennial roots, Kernza and other
493:
The
Perennial Grains Story Project is a strategic communications collaborative whose goal is to sustain enthusiasm and support for perennial grain polyculture development, and Kernza use in particular, as part of a holistic vision for more truly sustainable food production. The partnership is
409:
Kernza breeding has dramatically increased seed size and production, hastening the timeline of commercialization, and resulting in the release of the first widely-available Kernza product, Long Root Ale from
Patagonia Provisions, in 2016. The initiative and investment on the part of Patagonia
439:
in
California. Bang! Brewing in St. Paul, Minnesota, has a Kernza beer available, as does Blue Skye Brewery nearby in Salina, Kansas. Innovative Dumpling & Strand produces Kernza pasta that they retail through Twin Cities-area farmers' markets. The Minneapolis based Fair State Brewing
410:
Provisions to bring Long Root Ale to market led to other partnerships and potential Kernza products becoming more widely available to consumers. Currently, there are a number of restaurants serving products made with Kernza, including
Birchwood Cafe in Minneapolis,
389:
whose seeds are two to three times bigger than those of its wild ancestor. Under ideal conditions, it can provide as much as 30 percent of the yield of traditional wheat. They call their trademarked creation Kernza—an amalgamation of "kernel" and "Kansas".
347:. The organization's achievement of productive and genetically stable perennial crop plants for use by farmers is expected to take several decades. Critics note the future economic challenge in profitably harvesting perennial polyculture.
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467:
Deeper and more abundant root systems drive healthy soil. Scientific evidence documenting the ecosystem benefits of Kernza is accumulating. Research from other perennial systems such as pastures and perennial
1534:
1529:
526:, high yield, low labor, agricultural model based on the culturation of crop polycultures, developed by The Land Institute forms the substance of the chapter "How Will We Feed Ourselves?" in
485:. It is clear from their analysis that perennial grains would be a game-changer, as they could sequester carbon and maintain more cropland in production better than any alternative.
494:
enhancing internal communications among Kernza users and breeders, while working to create communications products that serve the diversity of partner goals and interest.
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in
Portland, Oregon, and Vancouver, Washington, brewed Long Root Ale for Patagonia Provisions and has it on tap, in addition to the ale in four-pack cans being sold in
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perennial crops may nurture beneficial soil microbiomes. The frequent soil disturbance required in annual crop production is disruptive to these
1524:
350:
Since 1979, The Land
Institute has annually hosted its Prairie Festival, which includes lectures, art displays, tours, and music performances.
311:, deep root systems, and self-sufficiency. In an interview, Wes Jackson called the concept "an inversion of industrial agriculture." Perennial
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After the
Birchwood Cafe received a 50-pound bag of grain from the University of Minnesota researchers they began baking
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Paul B. Thompson; W K Kellogg Chair in Agricultural Food and Community Ethics Paul B Thompson (25 July 2005).
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Geotherapy: Innovative Methods of Soil Fertility Restoration, Carbon Sequestration, and Reversing CO2 Increase
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de Oliveira, Gabriel; Brunsell, Nathaniel A.; Crews, Timothy E.; DeHaan, Lee R.; Vico, Giulia (2020-06-01).
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titled "Climate-Smart Soils" that compares different landscape management approaches for increasing
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wild perennials. The organization's concept of developing perennial crops is modeled after the
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Friedland, Andrew; Relyea, Rick; Courard-Hauri, David; Jones, Ross; Weisburg, Susan (2012).
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1016:"San Francisco's Perennial Is Beyond Farm to Fork: A Marriage of All Things Sustainable"
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The Land Institute promotes "natural systems agriculture" through plant breeding. Using
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934:"Carbon and water relations in perennial Kernza (Thinopyrum intermedium): An overview"
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provide robust evidence of the potential benefits of a perennial grain like Kernza.
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857:"Agricultural Research: Higher Yielding Perennials Point the Way to New Crops"
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along with Dana Jackson, who has worked with the Land Stewardship Project in
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1211:"Perennial wheat is an ecologist's dream; soon it may be what's for dinner"
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in 2018 to produce Keep the North Cold, a golden ale brewed with Kernza.
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General Mills and also smaller local food shops like the Birchwood Cafe.
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Kansas State Historical Society page on Land Institute and its archives
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The Farm as Natural Habitat: Reconnecting Food Systems With Ecosystems
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The institute was founded on 11 hectares (28 acres) in 1976 by plant
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Thomas J. Goreau; Ronal W. Larson; Joanna Campe (4 December 2014).
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For example, Paustian and colleagues published in 2016 a paper in
448:
357:
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Paustian, Keith; Lehmann, Johannes; Ogle, Stephen; Reay, David;
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systems may have a variety of benefits over conventional annual
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in the Los Angeles metro, and Avalanche Pizza in Athens, Ohio.
1158:"Birchwood Cafe's pancake recipe with Kernza, a greener grain"
1447:
1050:. New York, New York: W.H. Freeman and Company. p. 304.
1131:"A recipe for fighting climate change and feeding the world"
908:
The Spirit of the Soil: Agriculture and Environmental Ethics
1079:"The Land Institute Official Website: 1st Prairie Festival"
667:"The Land Institute Official Website: Vision & Mission"
221:
1334:"'Climate-smart soils' may help balance the carbon budget"
240:
research, education, and policy organization dedicated to
1231:"Kernza fights climate change, and makes a tasty MN beer"
376:
developed by The Land Institute, is the first commercial
260:
of the prairie and a grain yield comparable to that from
1363:
The Omnivore's Dilemma: A Natural History of Four Meals
997:"Paying for Perennialism: A Quest for Food and Funding"
900:
898:
515:
The Omnivore's Dilemma: A Natural History of Four Meals
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Environmental organizations based in the United States
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Agricultural organizations based in the United States
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1101:"Out on the Prairie, Moon, Music and Lectures, Too"
680:The John D. and Catherine T. MacArthur Foundation.
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995:Berman, Elizabeth; Welchel, Sarah (October 2011).
793:
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343:. Perennial crops also show promise in root-based
1186:"Can This Breakfast Cereal Help Save The Planet?"
641:"The Land Institute Official Website: Contact Us"
1469:How a new grain could help combat climate change
447:In 2024 Patagonia Provisions released a line of
380:crop grown across the northern United States. A
1410:Biomimicry : innovation inspired by nature
440:Cooperative partnered with Northern outfitter
8:
735:"Q. and A.: Farming for an Uncertain Future"
19:
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502:The Land Institute's work was featured in
295:and other techniques, they are working to
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18:
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1540:Non-profit organizations based in Kansas
1408:(2002) . "How Will We Feed Ourselves?".
1545:Research institutes established in 1976
733:Shattuck, Kathryn (27 September 2012).
615:
1152:
1150:
940:. Food Security under Climate Change.
368:breeding nursery at The Land Institute
1332:Friedlander, Blaine (April 6, 2016).
647:from the original on 31 December 2014
627:"The Land Institute Official Website"
7:
1099:Shattuck, Kathryn (2 October 2012).
1014:Fineman, Julie (30 October 2014).
14:
855:Simon Moffat, Anne (1996-11-29).
825:Bittman, Mark (22 October 2013).
701:Jackson, Dana L. (1 April 2002).
682:"Meet the 1992 MacArthur Fellows"
1001:Issues in Science and Technology
589:
575:
561:
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83:Agricultural and social research
1262:; Smith, Pete (April 7, 2016).
911:. Routledge. pp. 123–124.
535:: Innovation Inspired by Nature
16:American nonprofit organization
1458:1986 interview with In Context
1209:Jane Black (October 2, 2016).
958:10.1016/j.plantsci.2019.110279
498:Appearances in published works
489:Perennial Grains Story Project
248:. Their goal is to develop an
1:
1525:1976 establishments in Kansas
875:10.1126/science.274.5292.1469
763:Kunzig, Robert (April 2011).
429:, and puffed grain desserts.
1555:Sustainability organizations
1047:Environmental Science for AP
307:, which are known for their
1387:"The 10 Best Books of 2006"
1586:
1448:The Land Institute website
827:"Now This Is Natural Food"
804:. CRC Press. p. 17.
483:soil carbon sequestration
102:2440 E. Water Well Road,
24:
327:, and reduced inputs of
278:MacArthur "genius grant"
163:Chairperson of the Board
1565:Sustainable food system
1560:Sustainable agriculture
1360:Michael Pollan (2006).
1107:. Salina, Kansas, USA.
401:currently being grown.
394:University of Minnesota
374:intermediate wheatgrass
242:sustainable agriculture
157:Board of directors
145:Chief Operating Officer
37:1 August 1976
433:Hopworks Urban Brewery
369:
365:Thinopyrum intermedium
63:Nonprofit organization
1501:38.76889°N 97.55222°W
1264:"Climate-smart soils"
583:Earth sciences portal
361:
1260:Robertson, G. Philip
765:"Perennial Solution"
345:carbon sequestration
258:ecological stability
135:Chief Impact Officer
1506:38.76889; -97.55222
1497: /
1476:November 16, 2019,
1395:, December 12, 2006
1293:10.1038/nature17174
1285:2016Natur.532...49P
1024:The Huffington Post
950:2020PlnSc.29510279D
869:(5292): 1469–1470.
770:National Geographic
455:Ecological benefits
21:
1392:The New York Times
1166:. 16 November 2019
1109:The New York Times
835:The New York Times
743:The New York Times
555:Environment portal
451:and Kernza pasta.
370:
319:such as increased
293:selective breeding
20:The Land Institute
1423:978-0-06-053322-9
1373:978-1-59420-082-3
1366:. Penguin Group.
1339:Cornell Chronicle
1057:978-0-7167-3849-7
918:978-1-134-88442-1
831:The Opinion Pages
811:978-1-4665-9540-8
714:978-1-59726-269-9
301:ecological design
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1247:. 14 April 2024.
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773:. Archived from
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1279:(7597): 49–57.
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199:$ 6 million USD
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518:. The general
509:New York Times
504:Michael Pollan
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