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The Princess (Tennyson poem)

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king. The king tells Ida not to harm the prince and to free him, or the king's army will storm the castle. The prince declares his love for Ida, saying, "except you slay me here according to your bitter statute-book, I cannot cease to follow you... but half without you; with you, whole; and of those halves you worthiest". Word comes that the king has arrived to storm the castle. Ida gives a stirring speech, saying that she will lead the maidens into battle. Though Ida appears to be forming an interest in the prince, she renounces her marriage contract. The prince and Florian are freed and pushed out of the castle. Psyche is distraught at having betrayed Ida and her cause, and having lost her child.
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with Ida on the path. At a picnic, Ida invites the prince to sing a song from her homeland. He sings of love, but Ida mocks it and talks of the inequality of love between men and women. She invites another song about the women of her land. Cyril sings a drunken tavern song, and chaos breaks out as the men's identities become obvious to all. In the confusion, Ida falls into the river, and the prince saves her from drowning.
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do with the world of men and is influenced by other women, Lady Blanche and Lady Psyche, who have all resolved never to wed a man. The prince and two friends, Cyril and Florian, decide to infiltrate the university to try to win the princess's return. They disguise themselves as women and ride into the university asking to enroll as students. Florian is Lady Psyche's brother and hopes to influence her.
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his friends offer to fight Ida's brothers and to let the battle decide whether Ida must keep her contract. Ida's brother Arac sends word of this proposal to Ida, who rants against the harm done to women, but confident of her brothers' victory, she agrees to abide by the contest. Meanwhile, Ida has been growing to love Psyche's child.
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The songs, which relate to the contemporary world of Tennyson's time, are in contrast to the main narrative, which is male-oriented, with a mock-mediaeval setting. Thus, it can be argued, Tennyson balanced the anti-feminist message of the men's narrative with the practical progressiveness displayed
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In the main narrative, a prince has been betrothed since infancy to a princess, Ida, from a neighbouring land. The princess has grown to become beautiful and accomplished and has founded a university of maidens in a remote retreat. Her father, King Gama, explains that she refuses to have anything to
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and asks the king to let her tend the prince's injuries, and to let the ladies tend to Cyril and Florian. This shows her willingness to bend her own laws. By ministering to the men, the ladies of the university become more fair, and Ida finds peace. Love blossoms between the nurses and the nursed.
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In the battle, Ida's brothers defeat and wound the prince and his friends. The prince acknowledges defeat and pleads with Ida to let Psyche reclaim her child, but he falls into a coma. Ida rants against Psyche's betrayal. The king says that he cannot let such a hard woman tend his son. Ida relents
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The king wants to make war, but the prince wants to win Ida's love. He says, "wild natures need wise curbs... not war: lest I lose all". Gama and the prince have developed a warm relationship, and Gama supports the prince's cause, but Ida's brothers support their sister at all costs. The prince and
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The "new students" are taken to see the princess, who tells them that they must "cast and fling the tricks, which make us toys of men", so that they may become equal with men. The men are impressed by the princess and debate the merits of women's equality. They move around the university, listening
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Tennyson is reported as saying, in the 1840s, that "the two great social questions impending in England were 'the education of the poor man before making him our master, and the higher education of women'." The women's rights movement, including the right to higher education, was still at an early
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The men flee (and Psyche flees with Cyril, leaving her child behind in the castle), but the prince and Florian are recaptured. Letters arrives from the prince's father (the king) and Ida's father (Gama). Gama tells how he started to come to Ida to plead for the prince but was taken hostage by the
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Ida and the prince walk together, and, still posing as a woman student, he tells her news of the prince and his court, and they discuss the marriage contract between Ida and the prince. He tells her how the prince loves her from afar. She speaks of her ideals of equality. The prince touches hands
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wrote that his father held that "the sooner woman finds out, before the great educational movement begins, that 'woman is not undevelopt man, but diverse', the better it will be for the progress of the world." The cool reception of the piece "seems to have led Tennyson to revise the poem after
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had argued for female emancipation. Nevertheless, "Tennyson was in the vanguard in writing of the subject and although critics have rightly complained about the conservative ending of his poem, he must be credited with broaching the topic and voicing some of the injustices women suffered." In
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The poem tells the story of a heroic princess who forswears the world of men and founds a women's university where men are forbidden to enter. The prince to whom she was betrothed in infancy enters the university with two friends, disguised as women students. They are discovered and flee, but
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Ida eventually comes to love the prince. As he regains consciousness at times, they discuss their ideas of love, and she discovers that they agree on the equality of love; not, as she had always feared, women's servitude in love – he has been well-schooled in this by his mother. The prince
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and learning. Their tutors, Lady Psyche and Lady Blanche, discover the men's subterfuge, but hide their knowledge for reasons of their own. Blanche and Psyche are intellectual and political rivals at the university, and Blanche vows to force Psyche out.
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The college was not quite a higher education institution in the modern sense: it admitted girls and women from the age of twelve upwards, and is now an independent secondary school for girls: see Cockburn, King & McDonnell 1968, p.
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A History of the County of Middlesex: Volume 1, Physique, Archaeology, Domesday, Ecclesiastical Organization, the Jews, Religious Houses, Education of Working Classes To 1870, Private Education From Sixteenth
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publication more extensively than any of his others". The early view that Tennyson was sympathetic to a progressive view of women's education but found it expedient to subordinate it to the dictates of
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In the Conclusion, the narrator reflects on how to tell the long story, noting that the events are "Too comic for the solemn things they are, / Too solemn for the comic touches in them."
291:, perhaps attracted by Tennyson's serio-comic treatment of the subject of women's education, adapted and parodied the poem twice. First, in 1870, he produced a musical farce called 96:, Britain's first college for women, in 1847. Two of Tennyson's friends were part-time professors there. Other critics speculate that the poem was partly inspired by the opening of 64:
eventually they fight a battle for the princess's hand. They lose and are wounded, but the women nurse the men back to health. Eventually the princess returns the prince's love.
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envisages a future where "The man may be more of woman, she of man". He says "my hopes and thine are one" and asks her to place her trust in him.
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set "Home They Brought Her Warrior Dead." In addition, Holst wrote a set of five songs for female voices based on Tennyson's work including "
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by adding the interlude songs in his 1850 revision: "I thought that the poem would explain itself, but the public did not see the drift."
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Tennyson must have been aware of a number of earlier writings about women's higher education as he wrote the poem. See Zimmerman, p. 77.
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Mack, Beverly B.; Strobel, Heidi A. (2008). "The Oxford Encyclopedia Women in World History". In Smith, Bonnie G. (ed.).
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in the women's songs. Other critics conclude that the final message of the narrative is plain and anti-feminist.
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Clapp-Itnyre, Alisa (Summer 2000). "Marginalized Musical Interludes: Tennyson's Critique of Conventionality in
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has an outer setting to the main narrative, consisting of a Prologue and a Conclusion that take place at a
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Other musical works inspired by the poem include a setting of "As Through the Land" composed by the poet
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that opens the poem is based on a feast of the Mechanics' Institute at a country house, Park House, near
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Cockburn, J.S.; King, H.P.F.; McDonnell, K.G.T, eds. (1969). "Schools: Queen's College, Harley Street".
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Both settings are for voice and piano, and they were composed, respectively, in 1902 and 1905.
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is framed by a prologue and a conclusion outside of the main narrative. The description of a
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Even then, it was not recognised as a full constituent of the university until 1948. See
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Poems and Songs by Alfred Tennyson, set to music and inscribed to Mrs Alfred Tennyson
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had been an early advocate of the equality of men and women, and writers such as
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Tucker, Herbert F. (ed. and foreword) (Spring 2009). "Tennyson at Two Hundred".
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published by Treble Clef Press Music TC-201 and available from Subito Music <
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of the United Kingdom from 1850 to 1892 and remains one of the most popular
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has divided opinion about where Tennyson's sympathies lay. The poet's son
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Tennyson planned the poem in the late 1830s after discussing the idea with
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stage in 1847. In Britain, the first university-level women's school,
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recalled that " told my mother that he had her in mind when he wrote
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Several later works have been based upon the poem, including
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Island 2: Tennyson, Interpreter of Mid-Victorian Britain
202:"O marvellously modest maiden, you" – 1890 illustration 186:. The main narrative follows, given in seven lengthy " 1447: 1414: 1387: 1320: 1161: 1063: 471:
Lang (1904), Chapter IV – 1842–1848 — The Princess.
902:The fourth generation; reminiscences by Janet Ross 828: 318:in his lesser-known capacity as a composer. Both 858:Oxford Encyclopedia of Women in World History' 297:. Later, in 1884, he adapted his farce into a 1041: 741:(2). West Virginia University Press: 227–48. 713:"Lost (Feat. Tom Hiddleston) - Single by ASC" 148:As in the case of many other Tennyson poems, 8: 311:, which is still performed regularly today. 1048: 1034: 1026: 910:Scott, Patrick (September–November 1992). 777:The Oxford Companion to English Literature 553: 551: 954:Alfred Lord Tennyson: A Memoir by His Son 921:— exhibit on Tennyson's works including 528: 526: 399:See, for example, Tucker (2009), forward 807:"Chapter IV – 1842–1848 — The Princess" 784:Howarth, Paul, ed. (19 November 2009). 455: 453: 449: 392: 383:released April 17, 2019, East Records. 835:. The Johns Hopkins University Press. 822:. London: Cramer, Beale & Company. 516: 514: 512: 510: 508: 467: 465: 16:1847 narrative poem by Alfred Tennyson 29:'s illustrations for the 1890 edition 7: 678:Serenade for Tenor, Horn and Strings 357:Serenade for Tenor, Horn and Strings 129:A Vindication of the Rights of Woman 1057:Alfred Tennyson, 1st Baron Tennyson 767:. London: Victoria County History. 691:"The Lied and Art Song Texts Page" 269:society led the poet to rebalance 168:As with many of Tennyson's works, 52:, published in 1847. Tennyson was 14: 965:. West Virginia University Press. 875:McCann, Bill (24 November 1997). 588:Tennyson, Hallam (2005), p. 254, 566:Tennyson, Hallam (2005), p. 249, 1152: 1009: 885:The Gilbert and Sullivan Archive 794:The Gilbert and Sullivan Archive 502:Tennyson, Hallam (2005), p. 206. 190:", with the prince as narrator. 1521:Poetry by Alfred, Lord Tennyson 1177:The Charge of the Light Brigade 998:Comparison of Tennyson's poem, 618:by Clapp-Itnyre (2000), p. 227. 592:in Clapp-Itnyre (2000), p. 230. 570:in Clapp-Itnyre (2000), p. 230. 1: 194:The prince seeks Princess Ida 1247:Now Sleeps the Crimson Petal 970:Zimmerman, Virginia (2008). 929:Shaw, Marion (6 June 2003). 918:University of South Carolina 877:"Introduction to Tennyson's 680:, third section, "Nocturne". 579:Clapp-Itnyre (2000), p. 227. 344:Now Sleeps the Crimson Petal 1350:Flower in the Crannied Wall 1019:public domain audiobook at 860:. Oxford University Press. 827:Lefkowitz, Mary R. (2007). 601:Clapp-Itnyre (2000), p. 238 326:composed settings for the " 1552: 779:. Oxford University Press. 665:http://www.subitomusic.com 532:Mack & Strobel (2008). 102:and other literary works. 25:'A prince I was' – one of 1150: 935:The Literary Encyclopedia 916:. Thomas Cooper Library, 423:Girton's official website 379:Single LOST by ASC feat. 120:Girton College, Cambridge 1422:Chapel House, Twickenham 853:Scholars and Scholarship 813:. W. Blackwood and sons. 480:Zimmerman (2008), p. 77. 215:The prince is discovered 1485:Charles Tennyson Turner 1233:Lady Clara Vere de Vere 956:. Kessinger Publishing. 557:Drabble (2000), p. 817. 376:is based on this poem. 368:John Melhuish Strudwick 108:Lucie, Lady Duff-Gordon 94:Queen's College, London 1536:Works about princesses 1439:Blackdown, West Sussex 1072:Poems, Chiefly Lyrical 320:Ralph Vaughan Williams 203: 30: 27:Charles Howard Johnson 1191:A Dream of Fair Women 1129:The Miller's Daughter 973:Excavating Victorians 818:Lear, Edward (1859). 805:Lang, Andrew (1904). 800:on 19 September 2011. 541:Lefkowitz (2007), p. 201: 24: 1371:Ring Out, Wild Bells 1357:The Higher Pantheism 1143:The Ballad of Oriana 1122:Mariana in the South 747:10.1353/vp.2000.0013 612:Alfred Lord Tennyson 228:Battle and aftermath 99:Love's Labour's Lost 69:Gilbert and Sullivan 1283:St. Simeon Stylites 1170:Break, Break, Break 1094:The Lady of Shalott 831:Women in Greek Myth 654:Holst catalogue H81 373:Oh Swallow, Swallow 134:Mary Wollstonecraft 1491:Frederick Tennyson 1226:In Memoriam A.H.H. 1219:Idylls of the King 1080:The Deserted House 204: 106:, the daughter of 31: 1506: 1505: 1427:Farringford House 1297:Tears, Idle Tears 1262:The Palace of Art 867:978-0-19-514890-9 842:978-0-8018-8650-8 773:Drabble, Margaret 328:Tears, Idle Tears 132:(1792), however, 1543: 1473:Charles Tennyson 1329:Crossing the Bar 1156: 1101:The Lotos-Eaters 1050: 1043: 1036: 1027: 1013: 1012: 987: 966: 963:Victorian Poetry 957: 950:Tennyson, Hallam 945: 943: 941: 920: 906: 892: 887:. Archived from 871: 846: 834: 823: 814: 801: 796:. Archived from 790:by W.S. 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Index


Charles Howard Johnson
serio-comic
blank verse
narrative poem
Alfred Tennyson
Poet Laureate
English poets
Gilbert and Sullivan
comic opera
Princess Ida
Emily Sellwood
Queen's College, London
Love's Labour's Lost
Janet Ross
Lucie, Lady Duff-Gordon
Girton College, Cambridge
A Vindication of the Rights of Woman
Mary Wollstonecraft
John Stuart Mill
summer fête
Maidstone
Victorian-era
fête
chronicle
Cantos

Hallam
Victorian
W. S. Gilbert

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