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are staggered so that one-third of the
Directors and Vice Directors are up for election each year. The Board of Directors manages policy direction for the organization as a whole. The Board of Directors appoints an executive committee, led by the President and consisting of members of the ARRL Board of Directors, to make policy decisions between full Board meetings. ARRL's officers manage day-to-day administrative operation of the organization, led by the Chief Executive Officer. These paid officers hold their positions as long as the Board of Directors approve but have no vote on the Board.
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radio operations in the United States under control of the Navy. The ARRL strongly opposed the bills. Maxim testified before
Congressional committees and the League organized an effective grass roots campaign with thousands of individuals contacting their congressmen in opposition. The bills were defeated, and in April 1919 amateurs were permitted to put up antennas again, but only for receiving.
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By March 1915, there were 600 stations on the roster, and due to improvements in equipment and operating ability, some of the better stations were claiming communication ranges of up to a thousand miles. It was apparent that the ARRL now needed some kind of bulletin to stay in touch with its members. Maxim and Tuska agreed to personally finance it, and in
December 1915 the first, 16-page issue of
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984:, moves allegedly made to gain additional membership. Other critics have felt almost the opposite, however, arguing that the ARRL was slow to lobby for the removal or the easing of the Morse code proficiency requirements of the various license classes, a "conservatism" keeping otherwise qualified people out of amateur radio and thus threatening its future.
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In 1917, the ARRL was reorganized to a more formal organization. A constitution was adopted, twelve directors and four officers were elected (including
President Maxim and Secretary Tuska), and membership was opened to anyone interested in radio. No sooner had this happened than all amateurs received
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The ARRL is governed by a member-elected, volunteer Board of
Directors. The organization divides its membership into 15 Divisions, each representing a portion of the country. One Director and one Vice-Director are elected by the members of each Division to serve a three-year term. Director elections
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enthusiasts. The ARRL publishes various technical books and online courses. Members of the organization also have access to a special
Members Only section of the ARRL web site that includes technical documents, expanded product reviews of amateur radio equipment, expanded contesting information, and
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examinations for the three classes of U.S. amateur license. License classes and examinations are held in various locations throughout the year. Although the FCC currently recognizes 14 different organizations as VECs, the VEC sponsored by the ARRL oversees about two-thirds of all U.S. amateur radio
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agreed with the ARRL that the FCC violated the APA, especially by redacting data from the public that could have shed doubt on the FCC's decision. "It is one thing for the
Commission to give notice and make available for comment the studies on which it relied in formulating the rule while explaining
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The 1950s saw the continued development of amateur radio and consequent growth of the ARRL. New civil defense systems and procedures were developed by the League, including regular communications between isolated service members and their families. Equipment rapidly improved, although there was some
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During the war the ARRL facilitated the recruitment of amateurs into communications positions with the armed services, but had little else to do since all civilian experimentation with radio equipment was prohibited. In
November 1918 the Armistice was signed, but Congress introduced bills to put all
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An ARRL decision on
November 14, 2017 to censure a member of its board of directors drew strong criticism from many Amateur Radio operators. Numerous operators expressed concern that this decision profoundly undermines the principles of representational democracy and of openness and transparency. A
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throughout the year with the biggest of these being
November Sweepstakes and the International DX Contest. Other contests and sponsored operating events include Straight Key Night, VHF Sweepstakes, UHF Contest, and 10 GHz and Up Contest. The ARRL also participates as a Headquarters station for
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In early 1915, disagreements began to surface as to the role of the Hartford Radio Club in the new organization, and in February the ARRL split off from the club and incorporated under Connecticut law. Finances were shaky, and most of the income came from sales of booklets, maps and message blanks.
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in Springfield, Massachusetts. He had a one-kilowatt station (call 1WH), and Springfield was only 30 miles (48 km) away, well within his normal range. He was unable to make contact, and remembering that he knew another ham in Windsor Locks, about halfway, he asked him to relay the message. At
299:
Local and regional operational activities of the American Radio Relay League are carried out through its Field Organization. The organization divides the 15 Divisions into 71 separate geographic regions called Sections. Each Section has a similar team of one elected, volunteer Section Manager and
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before federal regulatory bodies, provides technical advice and assistance to amateur radio enthusiasts, supports a number of educational programs and sponsors emergency communications service throughout the country. The ARRL has approximately 161,000 members. In addition to members in the US, the
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In 1916, with ARRL membership nearing a thousand, Maxim set up six trunk lines of relay stations, both east–west and north–south, and individual managers were appointed. Messages were now being relayed over longer and longer distances, and in February 1917 a message was sent from New York to Los
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Many Amateur Radio operators who are seeking to develop and experiment with new technology see the ARRL as backing down too quickly on the regulation by bandwidth issue. Recent FCC rulings on the new soundcard mode called ROS point to the need to drop regulations that hinder experimentation and
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The Section Manager also appoints volunteers to serve within these program areas. The volunteers in any given Section serve at the pleasure of the Section Manager. The Section Manager also assists members with questions, issues or problems dealing with the organization's products and services;
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With government uncertainty as to how to allocate both commercial and amateur frequencies, the ARRL kept discipline in amateur ranks so that spectrum was not unnecessarily occupied. They worked with Washington and the result was that amateurs received the orderly series of
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system. Thousands of League members, and many thousands more who received technical training through its publications, served in the conflict. In late 1945 the bands began to reopen. The end of the war brought a tremendous expansion of amateur radio as large amounts of
1064:(RAC), the Section Manager is an elected volunteer who implements and manages programs in the section. The Section Manager is elected by the members of the organization who reside in the section and holds office for a two-year term. There are no term limits.
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several volunteer positions. Section Managers are elected by the members living within the section for a two-year term. The Section Manager appoints a team of volunteers. A Section Manager may optionally appoint one or more Assistant Section Managers.
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in the San Francisco Bay area putting in over 3000 volunteer hours in the first week. In 2005, ARES, with hundreds of volunteer amateur radio operators, provided key communications assistance to recovery organizations and officials coordinating
263:
The organization is governed by a member-elected, volunteer Board of Directors. Each director serves a three-year term and represents the members within their particular region of the country. The national headquarters facilities are located in
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Other activities during this time included transcontinental relays to quickly move messages across the United States, communications assistance in several emergencies, and encouragement for an amateur radio operator on an Arctic expedition of
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An Affiliated Club Coordinator is the assistant to the Section Manager for radio club matters. One ACC is appointed in each section by the Section Manager to encourage club affiliation with the national organization on a section-wide basis.
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Maxim was a member of the Radio Club of Hartford, and he presented a plan for the organization of an "American Radio Relay League" at its April 1914 meeting. The club agreed to sponsor the development of such an organization. Maxim and
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A controversial idea was originated in 1961 when the League encouraged "incentive licensing", which sought reversion to the principle that higher levels of license privileges should require higher levels of demonstrated knowledge and
430:
was purchased from its owner, Clarence Tuska. ARRL continued to lobby Congress for the resumption of transmitting privileges, and after a number of protests and appeals, amateur radio was fully restored in November 1919.
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its non-reliance on certain parts," D.C. Circuit Judge Judith Rogers wrote. "It is quite another thing to provide notice and an opportunity for comment on only those parts of the studies that the Commission likes best."
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was created in 1928 by U.S. Amateurs Fred Johnson Elser (W6FB/W7OX) and Stanley M. Mathes (7OE/K1CY) to be awarded for the "First Amateur Two-Way Communication Earth & Mars". The cup is a Philippine
319:(ARES) program is organized through the ARRL Field Organization. Each Section of the Field Organization has an appointed Section Emergency Coordinator. The ARES organization supports training, establishes
594:
In May, June, and July of 2024, various ARRL online systems (including the Logbook of the World and its educational website) went unavailable. The organization didn't admit that the outage was caused by
514:
Award, for working 100 countries, was established, and it still is the premier achievement in amateur radio. Operators, often under the ARRL Emergency Corps, helped at numerous disasters. The League's
951:, has been published since 1926. The ARRL also publishes a series of manuals designed to assist interested persons in obtaining an amateur radio license or upgrading to a higher class of license.
391:, the secretary of the Hartford Radio Club, developed application forms and sent them out to every amateur station they could think of. By September 1914 they had over 230 stations on the roster.
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frequency bands that they largely hold today (originally 1.8, 3.5, 7, 14, 28, and 56 MHz; other bands have since been added and the 56 MHz allocation was changed to 50 MHz).
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is an annual event organized by the ARRL that includes both a competitive element as well as an emphasis on emergency communications readiness and the promotion of amateur radio.
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that time, the maximum reliable range of a station was a few hundred miles, and so Maxim realized that a formally organized relay system would be of tremendous use to amateurs.
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skill but took away some amateur privileges until licensees requalified at higher levels; "incentives" are still in effect and only holders of the highest class of license (
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The Section Traffic Manager is appointed by the Section Manager to supervise and coordinate traffic handling efforts within the National Traffic System and the section.
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The 1920s saw tremendous technical growth in radio. Pushed both by wartime demands and by the growing commercialization of radio, equipment rapidly improved. The use of
1795:
852:, arguing that the power lines will radiate interfering radio energy, impeding amateur radio activities. The League has filed several interference reports with the
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ARES has provided essential supplemental emergency communications innumerable times throughout the league's history. In 1989, hundreds of amateurs responded to the
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1124:(FCC)(US only), and maintains communications with members in the section via email bulletins, web pages, and personal visits to Amateur Radio club meetings,
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For each of the section's activities, the Section Manager appoints individuals to oversee the activities. These individuals are collectively referred to as
861:
579:
1481:
3011:
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1461:
1509:
901:, the Hiram Percy Maxim Memorial Station, as a living memorial to the "Father of Organized Amateur Radio". The W1AW station is used for regular
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304:
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The ARRL is the primary representative organization of amateur radio operators to the US government. It performs this function by lobbying the
424:
Meanwhile, the League needed reorganization. A financing plan consisting of selling bonds to members was adopted and about $ 7500 was raised.
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1007:(WIRES). Regulation by bandwidth favors these proprietary technologies at the expense of narrowband and open-standard digital modes (such as
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training transmissions for those wishing to learn and also broadcasts a variety of bulletins of interest to radio amateurs. The ARRL/VEC (
526:
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The American Radio Relay League offers several services to members that support their on-air operations. For members with an interest in
2908:
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maintains liaison with the frequency coordinating body in the jurisdiction; maintains a relationship with the local field office of the
2680:
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until it filed legally-mandated notifications of the data breach on July 11, more than two months after the breach started on May 3.
100:
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1605:
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491:. The League also began to act in an advisory capacity for the American delegations at international radio conferences. In 1925 the
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organization claims over 7,000 members in other countries. The ARRL publishes many books and a monthly membership journal called
1227:
Founded in 1914 by Hiram Percy Maxim as The American Radio Relay League, ARRL is a noncommercial organization of radio amateurs.
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equipment was available, many recently trained operators became active, and experiments began in such newly developed modes as
316:
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Criticisms of ARRL have included its support for less strict licensing requirements in the 2000s, which opponents consider a "
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582:) maintain all amateur privileges. By 1964 the positive influence of the ARRL was so evident that the United States issued a
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378:, with one of the best-equipped stations in the Hartford area. One night in April he attempted to send a message to another
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on its 50th anniversary. As the League prepared for the future a new headquarters building was opened at Newington.
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In August of 2024, the organization confirmed that it paid a million dollar ransom to resolve the malware attack.
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that means "calling all stations". The organization also publishes two bimonthly magazines of special interest:
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1961:
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trouble with television interference. The ARRL and many of its members cooperated with scientists during the
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1035:. This censure was rescinded by the ARRL Board of Directors at its next board meeting, in July 2019.
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with stations in other countries. Staff at the organization headquarters maintain and operates station
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was sent free to all members. Further issues would be supplied through subscription at $ 1 per year.
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of Hartford, Connecticut, was a prominent businessman, engineer, and inventor (notably of the Maxim
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1991:
1976:
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W1AW was licensed to the League and remains in use as the first-ever Memorial Station. In 1937 the
484:
252:, which performs a similar role internationally, advocating for amateur radio interests before the
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There are currently 71 sections in the ARRL, (United States) and 12 sections in the RAC (Canada).
275:. The ARRL Field Organization carries out local and regional activities across the United States.
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Other critics have cited ARRL's support for segmentation of the HF amateur bands in the U.S. by
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ordering them off the air and to dismantle all antennas, because the United States had entered
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1971:
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1956:
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537:, US amateurs were again told to leave the air. The ARRL developed the government-approved
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2018:
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1320:
1020:
551:
452:
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1615:
1440:"ARRL Systems Down Due to Cyber Attack? Assessing the Impact on Amateur Radio Operations"
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impede the development of narrowband techniques on the bands where they are most needed
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2003:
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The ARRL provides dozens of publications and journals to both members and non-members.
468:
323:(MOU) with governmental and relief agencies, and organizes regular practice exercises.
268:. Along with the administrative headquarters, the 7-acre (2.8 ha) site is home to
1031:
December 2017 white paper critical of the ARRL's actions was published online by
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1998:
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a searchable database of all league publications. A flagship annual publication, The
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2013:
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Over 2,000 Amateur Radio clubs are members of the ARRL Affiliated Club Program.
96:
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The Section Emergency Coordinator is the assistant to the Section Manager for
992:
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943:
902:
596:
575:
488:
456:
371:
1673:"Minutes of special board meeting November 14, 2017, ARRL Board of Directors"
2847:
2312:
2127:
1362:
555:
1712:"So, after all this talk, what do we do about the ARRL Board of Directors?"
1370:
926:
is the organization's monthly membership journal, named after a Morse code
1857:
From Spark to Space, a Pictorial Journey through 75 Years of Amateur Radio
1300:
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system and manufacturer-specific proprietary modes such as Pactor 3,
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2574:
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1808:
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was formed, and it remains headquartered at Newington. The long-running
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2822:
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in 1957, measuring the effects of solar activity on propagation in the
283:
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magazine acted as a forum for experimenters in voice, television, and
37:
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2827:
2149:
1941:
1894:
1780:
Fred Johnson Elser W6FB/W7OX (Dec 1969). "That Planet Mars QSO Cup".
1049:
464:
303:
An important function of the ARRL Field Organization is organizing
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2097:
1486:
1287:
1206:
1073:
1012:
1000:
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took its toll on development. Hiram Percy Maxim died in 1936. His
499:(W3BKX) was founded around 1927 and affiliated with ARRL in 1930.
438:
345:
282:
1510:"American Radio Relay League confirms $ 1 million ransom payment"
1462:"ARRL finally confirms ransomware gang stole data in cyberattack"
1258:
2794:
1354:
1179:
898:
511:
288:
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1898:
1682:(Press release) (published 30 November 2017). 14 November 2017.
1533:
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405:
Angeles and an answer received in one hour and twenty minutes.
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in creating its rules pertaining to BPL. On April 25, 2008, a
812:
567:
426:
397:
233:
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system of generating radio-frequency energy and transmitting
1408:"Fifty Years of A.R.R.L.", American Radio Relay League, 1965
881:
One of the many guest operators at W1AW's Studio One. (2004)
1145:
preparedness. The SEC is appointed by the Section Manager.
995:, which some have claimed gives preference to users of the
1879:
1052:
wood carving, a bowl supported by two standing figures.
889:, the organization operates both incoming and out-going
248:. The ARRL is also the international secretariat of the
185:
829:
610:
Sixteen radio amateurs have led the ARRL as president.
1564:"FCC dealt setback in broadband-over-power-lines push"
529:
US postage stamp for 50th anniversary of ARRL (1964)
2876:
2813:
2735:
2699:
2656:
2597:
2531:
2240:
1932:
459:became standard. In 1923 a two-way contact between
180:
170:
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148:
138:
128:
118:
106:
88:
80:
70:
52:
44:
3007:International Amateur Radio Union member societies
1599:
1597:
1269:
1267:
1060:In the American Radio Relay League (ARRL) and the
1005:Wide-coverage Internet Repeater Enhancement System
27:American organization of amateur radio enthusiasts
1336:200 Meters & Down: The Story of Amateur Radio
1211:ARRL | The National Association for Amateur Radio
3017:Non-profit organizations based in Connecticut
1910:
1855:Jahnke, Debra A. and Katherine A. Fay, eds.,
936:for radio electronics experimenters, and the
8:
1606:"They just want to make more money ..."
860:the FCC, claiming that the FCC violated the
848:The ARRL has opposed regulatory support for
210:enthusiasts in the United States. ARRL is a
30:
2925:Global telecommunications regulation bodies
1794:: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (
1694:"What the heck is the ARRL board thinking?"
1253:
1251:
350:Hiram Percy Maxim, co-founder of the ARRL,
206:) is the largest membership association of
2961:
1917:
1903:
1895:
1864:Hiram Percy Maxim, Father of Amateur Radio
1730:CQ white paper on ARRL secrecy and censure
1237:
1235:
980:" of amateur radio or making it more like
451:quickly disappeared as the more efficient
29:
443:ARRL radiogram delivery postcard, c. 1925
1312:Amateur Radio Emergency Service (2008).
612:
214:and was co-founded on April 6, 1914, by
1201:
1199:
1195:
226:. The ARRL represents the interests of
1866:, Schumachers: Great Falls, MT, 1970.
1787:
1143:amateur radio emergency communications
291:building in Newington, Connecticut, US
258:World Administrative Radio Conferences
1175:Radio Amateur Civil Emergency Service
1160:ARRL International Humanitarian Award
1078:ARRL / RAC Section Organization Chart
254:International Telecommunication Union
7:
2971:
1757:. ARRL Board of Directors meetings.
1678:. ARRL Board of Directors meetings.
1299:American Radio Relay League (2008).
1286:American Radio Relay League (2010).
1273:American Radio Relay League (2008).
1257:American Radio Relay League (2008).
1241:American Radio Relay League (2010).
3022:Mass media in Hartford, Connecticut
1217:from the original on 8 October 2022
1852:, Jefferson, NC: McFarland, 2007.
1784:. American Radio Relay League: 98.
25:
3012:Organizations established in 1914
1888:The ARRL Ham Radio License Manual
1850:The World of Ham Radio, 1901–1950
1419:"ARRL Systems Service Disruption"
1165:International Amateur Radio Union
1122:Federal Communications Commission
493:International Amateur Radio Union
487:—perhaps the first beginnings of
333:Hurricane Katrina disaster relief
250:International Amateur Radio Union
246:Federal Communications Commission
153:International Amateur Radio Union
18:The Radio Amateur's Handbook
2970:
2960:
2951:
2950:
2939:
2560:Free-space optical communication
1752:"ARRL July 2019 Meeting minutes"
1655:"FCC reaffirms statement on ROS"
1562:Broache, Anne (April 28, 2008).
964:the IARU HF World Championship.
816:
36:
1629:Moseson, Rich (November 2004).
1339:. American Radio Relay League.
1323:. Retrieved February 14, 2008.
1155:Amateur Radio Emergency Service
317:Amateur Radio Emergency Service
1100:Public Information Coordinator
907:Volunteer Examiner Coordinator
564:International Geophysical Year
1:
1859:, Newington, CT: ARRL, 1989.
1508:Gatlan, Sergiu (2024-08-23).
1460:Gatlan, Sergiu (2024-07-11).
1301:"The ARRL Field Organization"
1103:Section Emergency Coordinator
1096:Official Observer Coordinator
351:
2946:Telecommunication portal
2727:Telecommunications equipment
1604:Moseson, Rich (April 2004).
1333:de Soto, Clinton B. (1936).
862:Administrative Procedure Act
321:Memorandums of Understanding
3037:Amateur radio organizations
2997:American Radio Relay League
2463:Alexander Stepanovich Popov
1639:(editorial). Archived from
1614:(editorial). Archived from
1482:"Data Breach Notifications"
1314:"Katrina: The Untold Story"
1089:Affiliated Club Coordinator
1082:Cabinet positions include:
959:The ARRL sponsors numerous
584:commemorative postage stamp
539:War Emergency Radio Service
200:American Radio Relay League
31:American Radio Relay League
3053:
2167:Telecommunications history
1761:(Press release). July 2019
1396:"FRC History Introduction"
1086:Assistant Section Managers
850:Broadband over Power Lines
2934:
2775:Public Switched Telephone
2587:telecommunication circuit
2548:Fiber-optic communication
2293:Francis Blake (telephone)
2088:Optical telecommunication
1862:Schumacher, Alice Clink,
1631:"Regulation by bandwidth"
1589:ARRL Classic Publications
1109:Section Youth Coordinator
374:). He was also an active
35:
2686:Orbital angular-momentum
2123:Satellite communications
1962:Communications satellite
1185:Radio Amateurs of Canada
1112:State Government Liaison
1062:Radio Amateurs of Canada
949:Radio Amateur's Handbook
939:National Contest Journal
305:emergency communications
2565:Molecular communication
2388:Gardiner Greene Hubbard
2217:Undersea telegraph line
1952:Cable protection system
1170:National Traffic System
1106:Section Traffic Manager
228:amateur radio operators
212:non-profit organization
75:Non-profit organization
58:; 110 years ago
3027:Newington, Connecticut
2707:Communication protocol
2493:Charles Sumner Tainter
2308:Walter Houser Brattain
2253:Edwin Howard Armstrong
2061:Information revolution
1848:Bartlett, Richard A.,
1243:"Officers of the ARRL"
1079:
961:amateur radio contests
914:license examinations.
882:
530:
444:
411:Department of Commerce
358:
328:Loma Preita earthquake
292:
266:Newington, Connecticut
2681:Polarization-division
2413:Narinder Singh Kapany
2378:Erna Schneider Hoover
2298:Jagadish Chandra Bose
2278:Alexander Graham Bell
2009:online video platform
1591:, retrieved 7/26/2010
1115:Technical Coordinator
1077:
911:amateur radio license
880:
528:
442:
349:
286:
270:amateur radio station
224:Hartford, Connecticut
2523:Vladimir K. Zworykin
2483:Almon Brown Strowger
2453:Charles Grafton Page
2108:Prepaid mobile phone
2036:Electrical telegraph
1545:"Honorary officials"
1514:bleepingcomputer.com
893:for the exchange of
497:Frankford Radio Club
471:for the first time.
449:spark gap technology
2473:Johann Philipp Reis
2232:Wireless revolution
2194:The Telephone Cases
2051:Hydraulic telegraph
866:US Court of Appeals
809:Regulatory advocacy
674:Herbert Hoover, Jr.
520:very high frequency
485:Donald B. MacMillan
134:Rick Roderick, K5UR
84:Advocacy, Education
32:
2671:Frequency-division
2648:Telephone exchange
2518:Charles Wheatstone
2448:Jun-ichi Nishizawa
2423:Innocenzo Manzetti
2358:Reginald Fessenden
2093:Optical telegraphy
1926:Telecommunications
1587:Meier, Dave, N4NW
1319:2008-02-28 at the
1080:
883:
828:. You can help by
606:Presidential terms
531:
445:
409:a letter from the
359:
293:
144:Board of Directors
56:April 6, 1914
3032:Electronics books
2984:
2983:
2722:Store and forward
2717:Data transmission
2631:Network switching
2582:Transmission line
2428:Guglielmo Marconi
2393:Internet pioneers
2258:Mohamed M. Atalla
2227:Whistled language
1716:KB6NU's Ham Radio
1698:KB6NU's Ham Radio
1489:Attourney General
1261:. Jan. 29, 2008.
1245:. Feb. 23, 2010.
1128:and conventions.
991:, rather than by
846:
845:
806:
805:
628:Hiram Percy Maxim
502:In the 1930s the
389:Clarence D. Tuska
368:Hiram Percy Maxim
220:Clarence D. Tuska
216:Hiram Percy Maxim
196:
195:
16:(Redirected from
3044:
2974:
2973:
2964:
2963:
2954:
2953:
2944:
2943:
2942:
2815:Notable networks
2805:Wireless network
2745:Cellular network
2737:Types of network
2712:Computer network
2599:Network topology
2513:Thomas A. Watson
2368:Oliver Heaviside
2353:Philo Farnsworth
2328:Daniel Davis Jr.
2303:Charles Bourseul
2263:John Logie Baird
1972:Data compression
1967:Computer network
1919:
1912:
1905:
1896:
1883:
1882:
1880:Official website
1836:
1835:
1833:
1832:
1823:. Archived from
1817:
1811:
1806:
1800:
1799:
1793:
1785:
1777:
1771:
1770:
1768:
1766:
1756:
1748:
1742:
1741:
1740:. December 2017.
1738:CQ Amateur Radio
1726:
1720:
1719:
1708:
1702:
1701:
1690:
1684:
1683:
1677:
1669:
1663:
1662:
1651:
1645:
1644:
1636:CQ Amateur Radio
1626:
1620:
1619:
1611:CQ Amateur Radio
1601:
1592:
1585:
1579:
1578:
1576:
1574:
1559:
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1541:
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1427:
1426:
1415:
1409:
1406:
1400:
1399:
1392:
1386:
1385:
1382:Internet Archive
1379:
1377:
1330:
1324:
1310:
1304:
1303:. Feb. 1, 2008.
1297:
1291:
1290:. Feb. 23, 2010.
1284:
1278:
1277:. Dec. 31, 2008.
1271:
1262:
1259:"ARRL Divisions"
1255:
1246:
1239:
1230:
1229:
1224:
1222:
1203:
1092:Bulletin Manager
1045:Elser-Mathes Cup
1039:Elser-Mathes Cup
841:
838:
820:
813:
613:
504:Great Depression
356:
353:
313:natural disaster
307:in the event of
192:
189:
187:
166:
66:
64:
59:
40:
33:
21:
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2872:
2809:
2731:
2695:
2652:
2601:
2593:
2534:
2527:
2433:Robert Metcalfe
2288:Tim Berners-Lee
2236:
2056:Information Age
1928:
1923:
1878:
1877:
1874:
1869:
1844:
1842:Further reading
1839:
1830:
1828:
1819:
1818:
1814:
1809:'ARRL Sections'
1807:
1803:
1786:
1779:
1778:
1774:
1764:
1762:
1759:ARRL (arrl.org)
1754:
1750:
1749:
1745:
1734:CQ (cqnewsroom)
1728:
1727:
1723:
1710:
1709:
1705:
1692:
1691:
1687:
1680:ARRL (arrl.org)
1675:
1671:
1670:
1666:
1661:. 4 March 2010.
1659:ARRL (arrl.org)
1653:
1652:
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1628:
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1623:
1603:
1602:
1595:
1586:
1582:
1572:
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1556:
1549:ARRL (arrl.org)
1543:
1542:
1538:ARRL (arrl.org)
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1407:
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1327:
1321:Wayback Machine
1311:
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1294:
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1272:
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1197:
1193:
1151:
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1041:
974:
957:
920:
875:
842:
836:
833:
826:needs expansion
811:
608:
592:
552:single sideband
453:continuous wave
437:
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2673:
2668:
2666:Space-division
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2545:
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2537:
2529:
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2526:
2525:
2520:
2515:
2510:
2505:
2503:Camille Tissot
2500:
2495:
2490:
2485:
2480:
2478:Claude Shannon
2475:
2470:
2468:Tivadar Puskás
2465:
2460:
2455:
2450:
2445:
2440:
2438:Antonio Meucci
2435:
2430:
2425:
2420:
2415:
2410:
2408:Charles K. Kao
2405:
2400:
2395:
2390:
2385:
2383:Harold Hopkins
2380:
2375:
2370:
2365:
2360:
2355:
2350:
2345:
2340:
2335:
2330:
2325:
2320:
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2305:
2300:
2295:
2290:
2285:
2283:Emile Berliner
2280:
2275:
2270:
2265:
2260:
2255:
2250:
2244:
2242:
2238:
2237:
2235:
2234:
2229:
2224:
2222:Videotelephony
2219:
2214:
2213:
2212:
2207:
2197:
2190:
2185:
2179:
2174:
2169:
2164:
2159:
2158:
2157:
2152:
2147:
2137:
2136:
2135:
2125:
2120:
2118:Radiotelephone
2115:
2110:
2105:
2100:
2095:
2090:
2085:
2084:
2083:
2073:
2068:
2063:
2058:
2053:
2048:
2043:
2038:
2033:
2028:
2023:
2022:
2021:
2016:
2011:
2006:
2004:Internet video
1996:
1995:
1994:
1989:
1984:
1979:
1969:
1964:
1959:
1954:
1949:
1944:
1938:
1936:
1930:
1929:
1924:
1922:
1921:
1914:
1907:
1899:
1893:
1892:
1884:
1873:
1872:External links
1870:
1868:
1867:
1860:
1853:
1845:
1843:
1840:
1838:
1837:
1821:"RAC Sections"
1812:
1801:
1772:
1743:
1721:
1703:
1685:
1664:
1646:
1643:on 2006-10-26.
1621:
1618:on 2007-11-06.
1593:
1580:
1554:
1525:
1500:
1473:
1452:
1431:
1410:
1401:
1387:
1345:
1325:
1305:
1292:
1288:About the ARRL
1279:
1263:
1247:
1231:
1194:
1192:
1189:
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1187:
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1177:
1172:
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698:
694:
693:
690:
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686:R.W. Denniston
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620:
617:
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604:
591:
588:
469:Atlantic Ocean
436:
433:
363:
360:
343:
340:
315:. The ARRL's
280:
277:
194:
193:
182:
178:
177:
174:
171:
168:
167:
165:US$ 14,000,000
162:
159:
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108:Region served
107:
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101:FN31pr
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54:
50:
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26:
24:
14:
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10:
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2:
3049:
3038:
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3030:
3028:
3025:
3023:
3020:
3018:
3015:
3013:
3010:
3008:
3005:
3003:
3002:Amateur radio
3000:
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2977:
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2723:
2720:
2718:
2715:
2713:
2710:
2708:
2705:
2704:
2702:
2698:
2692:
2691:Code-division
2689:
2687:
2684:
2682:
2679:
2677:
2676:Time-division
2674:
2672:
2669:
2667:
2664:
2663:
2661:
2659:
2655:
2649:
2646:
2642:
2639:
2637:
2634:
2633:
2632:
2629:
2625:
2622:
2621:
2620:
2617:
2615:
2612:
2610:
2607:
2606:
2604:
2602:and switching
2600:
2596:
2588:
2585:
2584:
2583:
2580:
2576:
2573:
2572:
2571:
2568:
2566:
2563:
2561:
2558:
2554:
2553:optical fiber
2551:
2550:
2549:
2546:
2544:
2543:Coaxial cable
2541:
2540:
2538:
2536:
2530:
2524:
2521:
2519:
2516:
2514:
2511:
2509:
2506:
2504:
2501:
2499:
2496:
2494:
2491:
2489:
2486:
2484:
2481:
2479:
2476:
2474:
2471:
2469:
2466:
2464:
2461:
2459:
2458:Radia Perlman
2456:
2454:
2451:
2449:
2446:
2444:
2441:
2439:
2436:
2434:
2431:
2429:
2426:
2424:
2421:
2419:
2416:
2414:
2411:
2409:
2406:
2404:
2401:
2399:
2396:
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2389:
2386:
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2379:
2376:
2374:
2371:
2369:
2366:
2364:
2361:
2359:
2356:
2354:
2351:
2349:
2348:Lee de Forest
2346:
2344:
2343:Thomas Edison
2341:
2339:
2336:
2334:
2333:Donald Davies
2331:
2329:
2326:
2324:
2321:
2319:
2318:Claude Chappe
2316:
2314:
2311:
2309:
2306:
2304:
2301:
2299:
2296:
2294:
2291:
2289:
2286:
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2279:
2276:
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2259:
2256:
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2251:
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2239:
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2203:
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2201:
2198:
2196:
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2191:
2189:
2186:
2183:
2180:
2178:
2175:
2173:
2170:
2168:
2165:
2163:
2162:Smoke signals
2160:
2156:
2153:
2151:
2148:
2146:
2143:
2142:
2141:
2140:Semiconductor
2138:
2134:
2131:
2130:
2129:
2126:
2124:
2121:
2119:
2116:
2114:
2111:
2109:
2106:
2104:
2101:
2099:
2096:
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2089:
2086:
2082:
2079:
2078:
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2072:
2069:
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2062:
2059:
2057:
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2052:
2049:
2047:
2044:
2042:
2039:
2037:
2034:
2032:
2029:
2027:
2024:
2020:
2017:
2015:
2012:
2010:
2007:
2005:
2002:
2001:
2000:
1999:Digital media
1997:
1993:
1990:
1988:
1985:
1983:
1980:
1978:
1975:
1974:
1973:
1970:
1968:
1965:
1963:
1960:
1958:
1955:
1953:
1950:
1948:
1945:
1943:
1940:
1939:
1937:
1935:
1931:
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1920:
1915:
1913:
1908:
1906:
1901:
1900:
1897:
1890:
1889:
1885:
1881:
1876:
1875:
1871:
1865:
1861:
1858:
1854:
1851:
1847:
1846:
1841:
1827:on 2009-09-30
1826:
1822:
1816:
1813:
1810:
1805:
1802:
1797:
1791:
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1686:
1681:
1674:
1668:
1665:
1660:
1656:
1650:
1647:
1642:
1638:
1637:
1633:. Zero bias.
1632:
1625:
1622:
1617:
1613:
1612:
1607:
1600:
1598:
1594:
1590:
1584:
1581:
1569:
1565:
1558:
1555:
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1539:
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1526:
1515:
1511:
1504:
1501:
1490:
1488:
1483:
1477:
1474:
1463:
1456:
1453:
1442:. 22 May 2024
1441:
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1402:
1397:
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1383:
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1356:
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1348:
1346:9780872590014
1342:
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1337:
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1322:
1318:
1315:
1309:
1306:
1302:
1296:
1293:
1289:
1283:
1280:
1276:
1275:Annual Report
1270:
1268:
1264:
1260:
1254:
1252:
1248:
1244:
1238:
1236:
1232:
1228:
1216:
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1190:
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1123:
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1111:
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1083:
1076:
1072:
1070:
1065:
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1055:
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837:February 2008
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802:2016–present
801:
798:
796:Rick Roderick
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640:E.C. Woodruff
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580:Amateur Extra
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543:Civil Defense
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34:
19:
2658:Multiplexing
2533:Transmission
2498:Nikola Tesla
2488:Henry Sutton
2443:Samuel Morse
2373:Robert Hooke
2338:Amos Dolbear
2273:John Bardeen
2192:
2172:Telautograph
2076:Mobile phone
2031:Edholm's law
2014:social media
1947:Broadcasting
1887:
1863:
1856:
1849:
1829:. Retrieved
1825:the original
1815:
1804:
1790:cite journal
1781:
1775:
1763:. Retrieved
1758:
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1641:the original
1634:
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1616:the original
1609:
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1571:. Retrieved
1567:
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1517:. Retrieved
1513:
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1492:. Retrieved
1485:
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1465:. Retrieved
1455:
1444:. Retrieved
1434:
1423:. Retrieved
1421:. 2024-07-07
1413:
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1390:
1380:– via
1374:. Retrieved
1335:
1328:
1308:
1295:
1282:
1226:
1219:. Retrieved
1210:
1207:"About ARRL"
1140:
1137:
1133:
1130:
1118:
1081:
1068:
1066:
1059:
1056:Organization
1044:
1042:
1029:
1025:
986:
978:dumbing down
975:
958:
948:
937:
931:
923:
921:
918:Publications
884:
847:
834:
830:adding to it
825:
752:Rod Stafford
697:H.J. Dannals
662:G.L. Dosland
609:
601:
593:
590:1965–present
572:
560:
535:World War II
532:
515:
501:
481:
473:
467:bridged the
446:
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199:
197:
149:Affiliations
120:Membership
89:Headquarters
45:Abbreviation
2858:NPL network
2570:Radio waves
2508:Alfred Vail
2418:Hedy Lamarr
2403:Dawon Kahng
2363:Elisha Gray
2323:Yogen Dalal
2248:Nasir Ahmed
2182:Teleprinter
2046:Heliographs
1608:Zero bias.
1573:5 September
1376:12 December
1221:12 December
1069:the cabinet
972:Controversy
909:) sponsors
891:QSL bureaus
856:. The ARRL
785:Kay Craigie
651:G.W. Bailey
548:war surplus
489:DXpeditions
461:Connecticut
415:World War I
355: 1914
242:US Congress
97:Connecticut
2991:Categories
2904:Antarctica
2863:Toasternet
2785:Television
2268:Paul Baran
2200:Television
2184:(teletype)
2177:Telegraphy
2155:transistor
2133:Phryctoria
2103:Photophone
2081:Smartphone
2071:Mass media
1831:2012-12-29
1534:"Officers"
1519:2024-08-25
1494:2024-07-11
1467:2024-07-11
1446:2024-07-11
1425:2024-07-11
1191:References
944:contesting
903:Morse code
791:2010–2016
780:2006–2010
769:2000–2006
763:Jim Haynie
758:1995–2000
747:1992–1995
736:1984–1992
730:L.E. Price
725:1983–1984
719:C.L. Smith
714:1982–1983
708:V.C. Clark
703:1972–1982
700:W2TUK/W2HD
692:1966–1972
681:1962–1966
668:1952–1962
657:1940–1952
646:1936–1940
635:1914–1936
597:ransomware
556:microwaves
457:Morse Code
279:Governance
140:Main organ
63:1914-04-06
2888:Americas
2877:Locations
2848:Internet2
2609:Bandwidth
2313:Vint Cerf
2210:streaming
2188:Telephone
2128:Semaphore
2019:streaming
1765:16 August
989:bandwidth
966:Field Day
895:QSL cards
619:Call Sign
435:1920–1964
366:In 1914,
362:1914–1920
130:President
93:Newington
53:Formation
2956:Category
2843:Internet
2833:CYCLADES
2750:Ethernet
2700:Concepts
2624:terminal
2575:wireless
2398:Bob Kahn
2241:Pioneers
2066:Internet
1957:Cable TV
1736:(blog).
1371:9708354M
1363:47890119
1355:37000376
1317:Archived
1215:Archived
1149:See also
1126:hamfests
982:CB radio
955:Contests
928:Q signal
873:Services
508:callsign
477:harmonic
372:Silencer
256:and the
244:and the
160:Budget
2976:Commons
2966:Outline
2919:Oceania
2838:FidoNet
2823:ARPANET
2636:circuit
2205:digital
1934:History
1718:(blog).
1700:(blog).
1213:. n.d.
997:Winlink
533:During
342:History
181:Website
172:Staff
124:120,000
81:Purpose
61: (
2914:Europe
2884:Africa
2868:Usenet
2828:BITNET
2765:Mobile
2641:packet
2150:MOSFET
2145:device
1942:Beacon
1891:, ARRL
1369:
1361:
1353:
1343:
1050:Igorot
1019:, and
1003:, and
622:Years
570:band.
522:work.
465:France
2897:South
2892:North
2853:JANET
2790:Telex
2780:Radio
2619:Nodes
2614:Links
2535:media
2113:Radio
2098:Pager
2026:Drums
1992:video
1987:image
1977:audio
1755:(PDF)
1676:(PDF)
1487:Maine
1013:PSK31
1001:DSTAR
887:DXing
766:W5JBP
755:W6ROD
744:W4OYI
722:WØBWJ
711:W4KFC
665:WØTSN
643:W8CMP
309:civil
287:ARRL
188:.arrl
2909:Asia
2795:UUCP
2755:ISDN
1796:link
1767:2019
1575:2023
1568:CNET
1378:2022
1359:OCLC
1351:LCCN
1341:ISBN
1223:2022
1180:W1AW
1043:The
1017:RTTY
1009:JT65
993:mode
942:for
899:W1AW
858:sued
799:K5UR
788:N3KN
777:W5ZN
733:W4RA
689:WØDX
678:W6ZH
654:W2KH
632:W1AW
616:Name
554:and
541:, a
512:DXCC
463:and
289:W1AW
273:W1AW
218:and
204:ARRL
198:The
190:.org
71:Type
48:ARRL
2800:WAN
2770:NGN
2760:LAN
2041:Fax
1982:DCT
1782:QST
1071:.
1023:).
933:QEX
924:QST
854:FCC
832:.
568:VHF
516:QST
427:QST
398:QST
380:ham
311:or
234:QST
222:of
186:www
176:120
113:USA
2993::
1792:}}
1788:{{
1732:.
1714:.
1696:.
1657:.
1596:^
1566:.
1547:.
1536:.
1512:.
1484:.
1367:OL
1365:.
1357:.
1349:.
1266:^
1250:^
1234:^
1225:.
1209:.
1198:^
1033:CQ
1021:CW
1015:,
1011:,
576:CW
558:.
417:.
352:c.
335:.
260:.
237:.
95:,
2927:)
2923:(
1918:e
1911:t
1904:v
1834:.
1798:)
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1522:.
1497:.
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835:(
357:.
202:(
65:)
20:)
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