336:
are being held hostage, Gus pretends to be Dr. Wong and tells Lloyd's family his presence is needed as part of "experimental therapy". Jesse is tied up and gagged upstairs in his parents' closet. During the family dinner, Caroline and Lloyd are unable to stop fighting, which comes to a head when Rose reveals that Lloyd told her about
Caroline's affair, and Caroline demands a divorce. Gus' pointed comments goad Lloyd to finally stand up to his wife and his mother. Everyone finds out who Gus really is after Rose attempts to go upstairs; he puts a gun to her head.
476:
she and her husband moved from New York to
California. Inspiration came from an argument she had with him and she thought, "Wouldn't it be great if there were a third party to step in and referee?" She wrote several drafts and consulted with LaGravenese in 1991 and they took it to Disney. The studio approved the project within 20 minutes. LaGravenese spent a year revising the script until he finally got "tired of doing rewrites for executives."
340:
is but gets knocked out. The state police arrive, and Lloyd, having a change of heart, decides he cannot "spend life sending everyone care about to prison." He instructs Jesse to take Gus to the docks using a path through the woods. Gus, in George's Santa suit, makes it safely to a boat where Murray awaits.
339:
Siskel turns up at the door and reveals how he is being blackmailed. Jesse manages to untie himself, and his parents discover his hidden money. George, still dressed as Santa, but now very drunk, returns to the home, protesting why he never gets a gift in return. He spots the gun and realizes who Gus
322:
At the
Chasseur house, Gus has Lloyd and Caroline tied up while they continue to bicker. Knowing that Murray usually seeks refuge at seedy bars, Gus calls the local bar and manages to get in touch with him. He instructs Murray to steal a boat for their getaway. The police set up roadblocks and impose
326:
Jesse, who has been away at a military school, arrives home earlier than his parents expect. Unbeknownst to them, Jesse has been blackmailing the school's commanding officer, Siskel, with photographs of an affair. He is stashing the money with plans of running away. Gus has Jesse tied up along with
475:
co-wrote the film with his sister-in-law Marie Weiss. It was inspired by their families. For example, the dinner scene: "Both Marie and I are
Italian Catholics who married into Jewish families, so we do have those big holiday dinners," LaGravenese said. Weiss began writing the script in 1989 after
335:
and arrives to deliver a fruitcake for the family. Later, Lloyd's family—his brother Gary, sister-in-law Connie, their two children Mary and John, and Rose—arrive to celebrate
Christmas Eve. Rose is extremely wealthy and bullies everyone in the family. To hide any suspicion that Lloyd and Caroline
318:
Gus is in the midst of stealing jewelry from a mansion. His plan goes awry when he accidentally sets off the alarm and is chased out by a guard dog. His getaway car, driven by his partner Murray, is no longer there. At a convenience store, he runs into Lloyd and
Caroline and takes them hostage,
343:
Back at home, the couple's bickering drives away the police. Having aired out their differences throughout the evening with Gus' assistance, they make up and decide to stay together. Their reconciliation is interrupted when John informs them that "grandma Rose is eating through her gag."
310:
session with therapist Dr. Wong. Caroline has had an affair, and Lloyd is miserable and blames the behavioral problems of their 15-year-old son Jesse on his wife's coddling of him. Caroline, meanwhile, calls out Lloyd for his inability to stand up to his domineering mother, Rose.
549:
did not perform as well at the box office as Leary would have liked, and he blamed the studio's method of marketing it: "They did me like the MTV guy. And they shortchanged what the movie was all about." Leary made fun of himself in a humorous article written for a 1995 issue of
634:, Hal Hinson criticised Leary's performance: "A stand-up comic trying to translate his impatient, hipster editorialising to the big screen, he doesn't have the modulation of a trained actor, only one speed (fast) and one mode of attack (loud)."
38:
330:
As the police search for Gus expands, he is forced to continue hiding out in the
Chasseur home while waiting on Murray. Complicating matters are visiting neighbors, such as George, who is dressed up as
327:
his parents. Jesse, unhappy with his home life, pleads to join Gus into a life of crime. Gus calls Jesse out on his naivety and tells the boy he should appreciate his comfortable upbringing.
512:
After test audiences responded poorly to the film's original ending—Gus turns himself in to show Jesse that a life of crime leads nowhere quickly—a new ending was shot in
January 1994.
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spots that Demme directed. Leary joined the project as part of a three-picture deal with Disney. Their involvement motivated LaGravenese to come back to the project. Executive producer
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praised the performances of Kevin Spacey and Judy Davis: "They are combustibly funny, finding nuance even in nonsense. The script is crass; the actors never." In her review for
739:"MOVIE REVIEWS : 'The Ref ': Razor-Sharp : Anchored by expert performances and a biting script and direction, the Touchstone release carries a mean verbal stiletto"
576:
the film has an approval rating of 74% based on reviews from 57 critics, with an average rating of 6.5/10. The site's consensus is: "Undeniably uneven and too dark for some,
606:, Caryn James praised Leary's performance: "For the first time he displays his appeal and potential as an actor instead of a comic with a sneering persona." Glenn Kenny of
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a curfew to look for Gus, while two officers go door-to-door. Lt. Huff, the police chief, is less than concerned because the town rarely sees criminal activity like this.
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ordering them to drive him to their house. Along the way, Caroline and Lloyd keep arguing, with Gus having to repeatedly intercede and tell them to shut up.
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The film opened on March 11, 1994 and grossed a total of only $ 11,439,193 at the domestic box office, after coming in at #4 opening weekend, behind
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P. Means, Sean (January 1, 1995). "'Pulp and
Circumstance' After the Rise of Quentin Tarantino, Hollywood Would Never Be the Same".
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King, Dennis (December 25, 1994). "SCREEN SAVERS In a Year of Faulty Epics, The Oddest Little Movies Made The
Biggest Impact".
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nonetheless boasts strong turns from Denis Leary, Judy Davis, and Kevin Spacey, as well as a sharply funny script."
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and decided to do it. The studio cast Leary based on the sarcastic funny-man persona he cultivated in
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is crushingly blunt-witted and monotonous in its celebration of domestic sadism." In his review for
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gave it three out of four. He wrote, "Material like this is only as good as the acting and writing.
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Craft, Dan (December 30, 1994). "Success, Failure and a Lot of In-between; Movies '94".
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Pickle, Betsy (December 30, 1994). "Searching for the Top 10... Whenever They May Be".
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in an affluent Connecticut hamlet, Lloyd and Caroline Chasseur are in a
1285:"List of 500 Movies Nominated for the Top 100 Funniest American Movies"
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459:
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37:
1369:
Arnold, William (December 30, 1994). "'94 Movies: Best and Worst".
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Rea, Stephen (March 14, 1994). "Denis Leary Gunning for the Top".
493:, a stand-up comedy special for Showtime, they got the script for
975:"Weekend Box Office : 'Tess' Tops 'Jack,' 'Ace' and 'Angie'"
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Green, Tom (March 14, 1994). "Denis Leary Changes his Act".
1183:"Reviews/Film: The Ref; A Christmas That Upends Christmas"
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This article is about the 1994 film. For other uses, see
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Leary, Denis. "An Interview With Pope John Paul II".
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658:Best "sleepers" (not ranked) – Dennis King,
1042:Taylor, Larry (2019). "Tension Under the Sea".
999:Thompson, Bob (March 29, 1994). "King Leary".
1925:Films with screenplays by Richard LaGravenese
1574:
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8:
674:Dishonorable mention – William Arnold,
462:as Marriage Counselor Dr. Wong (uncredited)
509:as "biting and sarcastic. Just my nature."
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650:Top 10 (not ranked) – Betsy Pickle,
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682:Dishonorable mention – Dan Craft,
1629:(2006; also wrote; segment: "Pigalle")
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271:in some countries) is a 1994 American
1135:from the original on October 4, 1999.
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637:The film was among 500 nominated for
560:: Leary asks the Pope if he has seen
7:
1296:. September 26, 2006. Archived from
922:Weinraub, Bernard (March 14, 1994).
1960:English-language crime comedy films
1955:English-language black comedy films
1273:. Washington DC: Nash Holdings LLC.
903:"Denis Leary takes it to Hollywood"
862:from the original on August 3, 2023
1910:Films about dysfunctional families
1343:(Final Home ed.). p. E1.
1017:"Unsung Anniversaries #5: The Ref"
947:Frook, John Evan (March 3, 1994).
14:
924:"Simpson and Bruckheimer, Part 2"
850:Walker, Michael (March 6, 1994).
620:gave the film a "C−" rating, and
196:Buena Vista Pictures Distribution
973:Fox, David J. (March 15, 1994).
821:Hornaday, Ann (March 27, 1994).
737:Turan, Kenneth (March 9, 1994).
1895:American Christmas comedy films
1191:. New York City. Archived from
1045:Tony Scott: A Filmmaker on Fire
901:Meyers, Kate (March 25, 1994).
852:"Putting That MTV Guy to Death"
556:where he pretends to interview
408:Phillip Nicoll as John Chasseur
1259:Hinson, Hal (March 12, 1994).
1206:Glenn Kenny (August 5, 1994).
1181:James, Caryn (March 9, 1994).
823:"Still Speaking After Writing
505:described the overall tone of
1:
1945:Jerry Bruckheimer Films films
1737:The Bridges of Madison County
1373:(Final ed.). p. 20.
1358:(Final ed.). p. E1.
1905:1990s English-language films
1880:1990s Christmas comedy films
1616:A Decade Under the Influence
1546:A Decade Under the Influence
932:. p. 11. Archived from
835:. p. 19. Archived from
639:AFI's 100 Years...100 Laughs
590:is skillful in both areas."
1920:Films directed by Ted Demme
1915:Films about hostage takings
1900:American crime comedy films
1890:American black comedy films
949:"'Ref' scores, Leary soars"
423:as Lieutenant Steve Milford
411:Ellie Raab as Mary Chasseur
1976:
1371:Seattle Post-Intelligencer
677:Seattle Post-Intelligencer
540:Ace Ventura: Pet Detective
432:Ron Gabriel as Limo Driver
18:
1940:Touchstone Pictures films
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1048:. McFarland. p. 91.
798:The Philadelphia Inquirer
373:Robert J. Steinmiller Jr.
42:Theatrical release poster
35:
1930:Films set in Connecticut
1885:1990s crime comedy films
1757:The Mirror Has Two Faces
210:March 11, 1994
1875:1994 black comedy films
1324:Knoxville News-Sentinel
1293:American Film Institute
698:List of Christmas films
653:Knoxville News-Sentinel
182:Jerry Bruckheimer Films
16:1994 film by Ted Demme
1935:Films shot in Ontario
1797:Behind the Candelabra
1356:The Salt Lake Tribune
1129:Sun-Times Media Group
1082:. No. June 1995.
669:The Salt Lake Tribune
1950:1990s American films
1246:Meredith Corporation
1241:Entertainment Weekly
1213:Entertainment Weekly
936:on November 5, 2012.
908:Entertainment Weekly
617:Entertainment Weekly
612:gave it a grade A−.
609:Entertainment Weekly
363:as Caroline Chasseur
21:REF (disambiguation)
1787:Water for Elephants
1767:The Horse Whisperer
1666:The Last Five Years
1656:Beautiful Creatures
1619:(2003; documentary)
1609:(1998; also wrote)
1590:Richard LaGravenese
1270:The Washington Post
631:The Washington Post
473:Richard LaGravenese
444:as Jeremiah Willard
308:marriage counseling
173:Touchstone Pictures
88:Richard LaGravenese
65:Richard LaGravenese
1669:(2014; also wrote)
1659:(2013; also wrote)
1649:(2007; also wrote)
1639:(2007; also wrote)
1476:Films directed by
1303:on August 11, 2019
1230:(March 18, 1994).
1188:The New York Times
1113:(March 11, 1994).
929:The New York Times
839:on March 13, 2015.
832:The New York Times
603:The New York Times
568:Critical reception
490:No Cure for Cancer
483:directed comedian
399:as Connie Chasseur
397:Christine Baranski
387:as Lieutenant Huff
314:In the same town,
1857:
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1839:TV series created
1727:A Little Princess
1556:
1555:
1441:- Film Transcript
1244:. New York City:
1149:(March 9, 1994).
1124:Chicago Sun-Times
979:Los Angeles Times
856:Los Angeles Times
744:Los Angeles Times
558:Pope John Paul II
456:as Colonel Siskel
375:as Jesse Chasseur
369:as Lloyd Chasseur
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126:Raymond J. Barry
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1676:A Family Affair
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1636:Freedom Writers
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1606:Living Out Loud
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1023:. March 9, 2014
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801:. pp. E05.
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622:Owen Gleiberman
574:Rotten Tomatoes
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1498:Who's the Man?
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887:. pp. 1D.
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1326:. p. 3.
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1307:December 28,
1305:. Retrieved
1298:the original
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1164:. Retrieved
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1111:Ebert, Roger
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1059:. Retrieved
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864:. Retrieved
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775:. Retrieved
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748:. Retrieved
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436:Edward Saxon
415:Bill Raymond
403:Adam LeFevre
379:Glynis Johns
367:Kevin Spacey
342:
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292:Kevin Spacey
278:directed by
273:black comedy
267:
266:
261:
260:
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254:$ 11 million
226:Running time
203:Release date
146:Jeffrey Wolf
121:Glynis Johns
116:Kevin Spacey
25:
1340:Tulsa World
1002:Toronto Sun
661:Tulsa World
596:magazine's
584:Roger Ebert
503:Don Simpson
485:Denis Leary
442:Kenneth Utt
421:John Scurti
355:Denis Leary
333:Santa Claus
316:cat burglar
284:Denis Leary
178:Don Simpson
138:Adam Kimmel
106:Denis Leary
77:Produced by
69:Marie Weiss
48:Directed by
1870:1994 films
1864:Categories
1845:The Divide
704:References
521:Box office
468:Production
427:Jim Turner
361:Judy Davis
288:Judy Davis
276:crime film
251:Box office
230:97 minutes
214:1994-03-11
162:Production
111:Judy Davis
84:Ron Bozman
58:Written by
1478:Ted Demme
1208:"The Ref"
1061:August 3,
1027:August 3,
984:August 3,
958:August 3,
884:USA Today
866:August 3,
766:"The Ref"
516:Reception
481:Ted Demme
417:as George
393:as Murray
280:Ted Demme
164:companies
143:Edited by
52:Ted Demme
1807:Unbroken
1422:AllMovie
1133:Archived
860:Archived
771:TV Guide
692:See also
624:wrote, "
243:Language
151:Music by
99:Starring
1848:(2014)
1777:Beloved
1717:The Ref
1506:The Ref
1490:The Bet
1439:The Ref
1428:The Ref
1417:The Ref
1406:The Ref
1263:The Ref
1234:The Ref
1153:The Ref
1117:The Ref
1094:The Ref
1079:Playboy
953:Variety
825:The Ref
721:The Ref
626:The Ref
588:The Ref
578:The Ref
562:The Ref
553:Playboy
547:The Ref
507:The Ref
495:The Ref
460:BD Wong
429:as Phil
262:The Ref
246:English
235:Country
212: (
31:The Ref
1820:(2016)
1810:(2014)
1800:(2013)
1790:(2011)
1780:(1998)
1770:(1998)
1760:(1996)
1750:(1995)
1740:(1995)
1730:(1995)
1720:(1994)
1710:(1991)
1700:(1989)
1679:(2024)
1549:(2003)
1541:(2001)
1533:(1999)
1525:(1998)
1517:(1996)
1509:(1994)
1501:(1993)
1493:(1992)
1166:May 4,
1052:
641:list.
479:After
357:as Gus
290:, and
1301:(PDF)
1288:(PDF)
1538:Blow
1530:Life
1411:IMDb
1309:2019
1168:2020
1063:2023
1050:ISBN
1029:2023
986:2023
960:2023
868:2023
779:2019
752:2019
537:and
348:Cast
298:Plot
1431:at
1420:at
1409:at
1097:at
724:at
572:On
499:MTV
487:in
302:On
1866::
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893:^
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531:,
294:.
286:,
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265:(
216:)
180:/
23:.
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