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197:, included a current called "temperance chartism". Faced with the refusal of the parliament of the time to give the right to vote to working people, the temperance chartists saw the campaign against alcohol as a way of proving to the elites that working-class people were responsible enough to be granted the vote. In short, the 1830s was mostly characterised by moral persuasion of workers.
311:. He promoted the treatment of inebriates and held that inebriety was a disease, not a vice, and that it should be treated accordingly. In 1884, in response to the inadequacy of the Habitual Drunkards Act of 1879, he founded the Society for the Study and Cure of Inebriety and was the first president. The society still exists as the
1774:
In the late 19th
Century, a number of alcohol-free bars known as temperance bars were established in the UK on the heels of the temperance movement, which advocated abstinence. Fitzpatrick's Temperance Bar, founded in 1890 in Rawtenstall, north of Manchester, is still slinging root beer and glasses
242:
was formed with the aim of promoting a similar law prohibiting the sale of alcohol in the UK. This hard-line group of prohibitionists was opposed by other temperance organisations who preferred moral persuasion to a legal ban. This division in the ranks limited the effectiveness of the temperance
112:. The bourgeoisie became increasingly critical of the widespread drunkenness among the lower classes. Motivated by the bourgeoisie's desire for order, and amplified by the population growth in the cities, the drinking of gin became the subject of critical national debate. In 1743,
56:
such as poverty, child neglect, immorality and economic decline. Temperance societies began to be formed in the 1830s to campaign against alcohol. Specific groups were created over periods of time dedicated to the different aspects of drinking. For example, in 1847, the
156:
was another
British temperance advocate who financed his philanthropic work with the profits attained from cheese production, following an introduction to the food product by a doctor he had consulted with regards to a serious ailment in 1816. Livesey opened the first
568:, toured the country, to be met with derision, and in Johnson's case, violence. In the end, the example of the failure of prohibition in America put an end to any remote chance that the temperance lobby would succeed in achieving its aims in the UK.
501:
in 1914 at the beginning of the First World War. According to the provisions of the Act, pub hours were licensed, beer was watered down and was subject to a penny a pint extra tax. This situation was maintained by the subsequent establishment of the
579:, but after opposition from local vicars, and the Methodist and Baptist churches, and not least the local police, the local magistrates refused the table licence, setting a precedent for all British motorway service stations, to this day.
394:
championed the cause of temperance. The
Wesleyan Methodists built around 100 'Central Halls', large venues which hosted cheap concerts, comedy shows and films, intended to keep the urban working classes away from public houses.
377:
were aligned with the temperance movement. Methodists believed that despite the supposed economic benefits of liquor traffic such as job creation and taxes, the harm that it caused society through its contribution to murder,
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Before the 19th century, there were diatribes published against drunkenness and excess, but total abstinence from alcohol was very rarely advocated or practised. In the 18th century, there was a "
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took its name from a street that had been renamed Maine Road (from Dog Kennel Lane) by members of the temperance movement. They selected the name as a result of the 1851
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of dandelion and burdock today. (...) The audience isn't just non-drinkers but anyone who wants a fun bar environment without the threat of a hangover the next day.
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was formed as an amalgamation of two other organizations. In 1859, a prototype prohibition bill was overwhelmingly defeated in the House of
Commons.
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Churches actively encouraged total abstinence among their congregations, and lobbied parliament to restrict alcohol sales. By the 1870s most young
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470:, based in America. They sent a member named Richard Booth to promote their cause in England through mass meetings held up and down the country.
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296:(WCTU) was founded in 1873, becoming one of the largest women's societies in the world in the 19th century, campaigning for temperance and
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628:, with the stated aim of "providing drug and alcohol education and training for children and young people, parents and youth workers".
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By the end of the 19th century, it was estimated that about a tenth of the adult population were total abstainers of alcohol.
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in order to disrupt their meetings. The
Salvation Army quickly spread internationally, maintaining an emphasis on abstinence.
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rather than wine and beer. The first organisation that promoted temperance was founded in 1829 by John Dunlop and his aunt,
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Several of the largest temperance organisations survive under different names. For example, the Band of Hope is now named
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was founded in London with a heavy emphasis on abstinence from alcohol and ministering to the working class, which led
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The temperance movement received an unexpected boost due to state intervention when the
Liberal government passed the
176:, which promoted the complete abstinence from alcoholic beverages, this time including wine and beer, not just ardent
621:, is thought to be the oldest surviving temperance bar – other such establishments became more popular in the 2010s.
269:
Temperance clubs and institutes came into being, one of the largest in the UK, formed in 1864 and still in use, was
120:, proclaimed "that buying, selling, and drinking of liquor, unless absolutely necessary, were evils to be avoided".
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was created to persuade children not to start drinking alcohol. Most of these temperance groups were aimed at the
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teachings, was an outspoken critic of the evils of alcohol and closed all the public houses on her estate.
244:
448:
428:(members of the Religious Society of Friends) took an active role in the temperance movement. Chocolatier
1564:
Duncan, Robert (2010). "Lord D'Abernon's "Model Farm": The
Central Control Board's Carlisle Experiment".
304:
was formed by women to persuade men to stop drinking, rebranded in 2006 as the White Ribbon
Association.
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Frances
Willard and the Historic Link Between the 19th Century Women's Temperance and Suffrage Movements
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advocating temperance. Edgar and other early advocates concentrated their efforts on the elimination of
136:, who poured his stock of whiskey out of his window in 1829. On 14 August 1829 he wrote a letter in the
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which restricted Sunday opening hours had to be repealed, following widespread rioting. In 1856, the
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is apocryphally said to derive from a speech by
Richard "Dickie" Turner, a follower of Livesey, in
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See more images from temperance movement in United Kingdom by selecting the "Alcohol" subject
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223:. Band members had to pledge to abstain "from all liquors of an intoxicating quality, whether
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219:, with the stated aim of saving working class children from the perils of drink. It promoted
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breweries and pubs in certain areas of Britain where armaments manufacture was taking place.
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were installed to encourage people not to drink beer by the provision of safe and free water.
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451:, and its volunteers within the court system would lead to the first probation service. The
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165:(1834–37). The British Association for the Promotion of Temperance was established by 1835.
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movement as a whole. The impotence of legislation in this field was demonstrated when the
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The Political Power of Bad Ideas: Networks, Institutions, and the Global Prohibition Wave
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Alcohol and Moral Regulation: Public Attitudes, Spirited Measures and Victorian Hangovers
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609:", was concocted in 1908 as a healthy alternative to alcohol, and originally sold in
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KS3 History by Aaron Wilkes: Industry, Reform & Empire Student Book (1750-1900)
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Dingle, A. E.; Harrison, B. H. (1969). "Cardinal Manning as Temperance Reformer".
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1007:"Temperance and Modernity: Alcohol Consumption as a Collective Problem, 1885–1913"
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From 1880 to 1882 the cause of abstinence was revived by the Gospel Temperance or
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largely supported the interests of the alcohol industry and opposed temperance.
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The Routledge Handbook to Nineteenth-Century British Periodicals and Newspapers
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Between the wars, American exponents of the sterling example set to Britain by
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as an alternative to alcoholic beverages. He prohibited the sale of alcohol in
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Hare, Chris (1988). "The Skeleton Army and the Bonfire Boys, Worthing, 1884".
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were seen by social reformers as a danger to society's wellbeing, leading to
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History of Wisbech and Neighborhood, during the last fifty years - 1848-1898
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463:-only organisation, the League's members took a pledge of total abstinence.
440:, the model village he founded, and no public houses have been built there.
235:
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65:. Temperance was also supported by some religious groups, particularly the
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In 1884 the National Temperance Federation, which was associated with the
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77:, and disappeared as a significant force following the Second World War.
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met with local success in parts of Britain, it failed to impose national
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Drink & the Victorians, The Temperance Question in England 1815–1872
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Henry John Ellison: Founder of the Church of England Temperance Society
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Alcohol and Temperance in Modern History: An International Encyclopedia
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At the same time, there were temperance organisations connected to the
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352:
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Drink and the Victorians: a history of the British Temperance Movement
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Temperance Town, a suburb in Cardiff, Wales, where alcohol was banned
204:
Band of Hope Banner supporting temperance, located in the village of
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The Garden of American Methodism: The Delmarva Peninsula, 1769-1820
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477:
386:, and political corruption outweighed its economic benefits. Both
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1205:
Blocker, Jack S.; David, M. Fahey; Tyrrell, Ian R., eds. (2003).
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The Church of England Temperance Society, which had roots in the
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In 1838, the mass working class movement for universal suffrage,
161:
in 1833 and the next year founded the first temperance magazine,
150:, and named the Glasgow and West of Scotland Temperance Society.
1831:
751:. Peninsula Conference of the United Methodist Church. p.
48:). In the 19th century, high levels of alcohol consumption and
1762:
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224:
128:
The early temperance movement was inspired by the actions of
521:, founded in 1901 by a communist temperance activist called
1526:
Mcallister, Annemarie (2016) "Temperance Periodicals". In:
1821:
Department of Special Collections and University Archives
40:
that campaigned against the recreational use and sale of
1366:"Wales alcohol restrictions: Temperance's long history"
1232:. Spartacus Educational Publishers Ltd. Archived from
1843:
at the Persuasive Cartography, The PJ Mode Collection
370:
ministers revealed that 1,000 were total abstainers.
172:
cities, a stricter form of temperance emerged called
1601:"The Scottish Prohibition Party and the Millennium"
366:abstained from alcohol. In 1886 a survey of 1,900
307:One of the most active advocates of temperance was
263:
Scottish Permissive Bill and Temperance Association
1738:. Newsquest (North West) Ltd. Lancashire Telegraph
1283:Prohibition and the Progressive Movement 1900-1920
1261:A Dictionary of Methodism in Britain and Ireland
1200:
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817:"The Glasgow Herald [November 19, 1929]"
277:. One of its trustees was the banker and Quaker
1313:"What happened to the Methodist central halls?"
1042:
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322:, was founded as an umbrella organisation. The
168:As a response to rising social problems in the
774:
772:
231:, wine or ardent spirits, except as medicine"
18:The Temperance movement in the United Kingdom
8:
1220:
1218:
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848:. Oxford University Press, USA. p. 35.
690:"Hogarth's London: Gin Lane and Beer Street"
1736:"Rawtenstall: Fitzpatrick's Temperance Bar"
876:. Walton le Dale. 2000–2012. Archived from
796:
794:
792:
790:
1424:. Cambridge University Press. p. 20.
1421:Towns, Plans and Society in Modern Britain
529:on all other issues. It went on to defeat
1862:Temperance movement in the United Kingdom
1710:The Pie at Night: Nights Out in the North
1616:
1024:
34:temperance movement in the United Kingdom
1298:Methodism and the Temperance Reformation
271:Wisbech Working Men's Club and Institute
1099:The National Temperance League's Annual
803:Mrs. Grundy: Studies in English Prudery
680:
265:during its 50 year anniversary in 1908.
1605:International Review of Social History
432:was a temperance Quaker and he viewed
302:British Women's Temperance Association
1713:. Penguin Random House. p. 337.
1707:Maconie, Stuart (10 September 2015).
1566:Social History of Alcohol & Drugs
980:"To the working men of Great Britain"
571:In February 1960 Forte applied for a
7:
1867:Social history of the United Kingdom
1481:. New York: Robert Appleton Company.
1148:. New York: Robert Appleton Company.
102:" in Great Britain, as satirised in
1391:Wilkes, Aaron; Ball, James (2009).
1285:. London: Harvard University Press.
1159:Osborne, Lori (12 September 2015).
1102:. 1881. p. 10, 13, 21, 36, 918
870:"Joseph Livesey: the Walton weaver"
1877:19th century in the United Kingdom
1819:(ca. 1200 items) is housed in the
1672:Thursday 11 February 1960, page 11
1660:Wednesday 10 February 1960, page 9
943:10.1111/j.1468-229X.1973.tb01282.x
823:from the original on 31 March 2017
482:Temperance fountain at the end of
398:In 1864, another Methodist group,
313:Society for the Study of Addiction
294:Woman's Christian Temperance Union
25:
1469:Herbermann, Charles, ed. (1913).
1125:. Gardiner & Co. p. 220.
613:. Fitzpatrick's Herbal Health in
549:, which later became part of the
447:tradition was founded in 1862 by
292:The US-based (but international)
44:, and promoted total abstinence (
1300:. Walden and Stowe. p. 278.
1142:. In Herbermann, Charles (ed.).
1051:. London: Sanctuary Publishing.
745:Williams, William Henry (1984).
654:List of Temperance organizations
638:
551:Communist Party of Great Britain
1311:Moore, Keith (30 August 2012).
1167:National Archives in Washington
1005:Edman, Johan (September 2015).
906:. Oxford University Press. 2012
163:The Preston Temperance Advocate
1872:Temperance movement by country
1757:Eby, Margaret (19 July 2019).
1634:"Prohibition and Reform Party"
1397:. Folens Limited. p. 99.
1077:alliancehousefoundation.org.uk
842:Schrad, Mark Lawrence (2010).
1:
1832:Stanford University Libraries
1734:Anson, John (12 March 2007).
1344:10.1080/0015587X.1988.9716444
1281:Timberlake, James H. (1963).
1110:– via Internet Archive.
986:. 19 December 1840. p. 1
345:Methodist Temperance Magazine
1472:"Temperance Movements"
1452:Sherlock, Frederick (1910).
1139:"Temperance Movements"
547:Prohibition and Reform Party
1759:"The rise of the sober bar"
1599:Walker, William M. (1973).
1073:"Profiles of Organisations"
562:William "Pussyfoot" Johnson
1893:
1847:Cornell University Library
1658:Coventry Evening Telegraph
1183:. White Ribbon Association
519:Scottish Prohibition Party
517:. An example would be the
474:Later movement and decline
336:Christian views on alcohol
333:
249:National Temperance League
148:Lilias Graham of Gairbraid
1618:10.1017/S0020859000004375
1506:10.1017/S0018246X00007251
1012:Journal of Social History
373:In the 19th century, the
259:Archibald Cameron Corbett
234:In 1853, inspired by the
130:Irish Presbyterian Church
27:Social movement in the UK
1255:Vickers, John A. (ed.).
1136:Keating, Joseph (1913).
925:Harrison, Brian (1973).
779:Harrison, Brian (1971).
659:Rothwell Temperance Band
577:Newport Pagnell services
499:Defence of the Realm Act
94:by William Hogarth, 1751
1296:Wheeler, Henry (1882).
1047:Brownlee, Nick (2002).
714:Yeomans, Henry (2014).
504:State Management Scheme
455:was founded in 1873 by
240:United Kingdom Alliance
206:Constantine in Cornwall
69:Churches. Although the
1494:The Historical Journal
1418:Meller, Helen (1997).
874:www.waltonledale.co.uk
491:
355:
309:Dr. Norman Shanks Kerr
266:
208:
95:
1638:Spartacus Educational
1632:Simkin, John (1997).
1478:Catholic Encyclopedia
1230:Spartacus Educational
1145:Catholic Encyclopedia
1121:Gardiner, FJ (1898).
801:Peter, Fryer (1965).
669:Harriet A. Glazebrook
646:United Kingdom portal
539:1922 general election
481:
419:Calvinistic Methodist
343:
257:
245:Sale of Beer Act 1854
203:
116:, the founder of the
88:
1788:"Welcome to HOPE UK"
1684:The Big Book of City
1682:James, Gary (2009).
1578:10.1086/SHAD24020119
1226:"Temperance Society"
589:Manchester City F.C.
558:National Prohibition
545:offshoot called the
527:British Labour Party
488:Temperance fountains
468:Blue Ribbon movement
392:Primitive Methodists
170:newly industrialised
1826:4 June 2008 at the
1536:. Routledge. 2016.
927:"Teetotal Chartism"
904:Oxford Dictionaries
525:, who followed the
453:League of the Cross
388:Wesleyan Methodists
261:, President of the
71:temperance movement
1794:. 21 February 2017
1026:10.1093/jsh/shv029
783:. Faber and Faber.
664:Alcohol and health
605:, originally "Vim
492:
484:Blackfriars Bridge
434:drinking chocolate
400:the Salvation Army
375:Methodist Churches
356:
349:Wesleyan Methodist
324:Conservative Party
267:
209:
118:Methodist Churches
96:
1720:978-0-09-193381-4
1693:978-0-9558127-2-9
1543:978-1-4094-6888-2
1431:978-0-521-57644-4
1404:978-1-85008-346-7
1372:. 4 December 2020
984:Chartist Circular
855:978-0-19974-235-6
688:Sooke, Alastair.
591:football stadium
566:Mary Harris Armor
531:Winston Churchill
330:Religious support
221:alcohol education
139:Belfast Telegraph
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180:. The term
174:teetotalism
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75:prohibition
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1856:Categories
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900:"teetotal"
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593:Maine Road
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100:gin craze
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632:See also
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195:Chartism
183:teetotal
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