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518:'s main armies; Bland wrote two separate dispatches, and Col. James Ross of the 8th Pennsylvania wrote another dispatch reporting on British troop movements. Both men's dispatches supported that of Col. Hazen. However, their dispatches were initially misinterpreted, until it was almost too late. Without the accurate contributions of Bland, Ross, and Hazen, a worse result might have befallen Washington's army at Brandywine.
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relatives and friends. Bland had earlier retired from his active medical practice for the same health issues in the late 1760s, nearly a decade before the war had begun, and finally was allowed to retire from the military for health reasons in late 1779. He did, however, in 1785, accept a commission from Gov. Patrick Henry as the Prince George County
Lieutenant, with military responsibilities.
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As a planter like his father, grandfather and namesake, Bland cultivated tobacco, indigo and wheat. In the 1787 Virginia tax census, he owned 18 enslaved Blacks at least 16 years old, and 13 under that age, as well as 11 horses, 21 cattle and a 4-wheeled chariot. As mentioned below, his father had
521:
Some later accounts have Bland's
Virginia Horse subsequently assigned to scouting duty. In his 1922 biography of John Randolph, the historian William Cabell Bruce suggested that the Brandywine incident encouraged Washington to use his cavalries more for scouting rather than sitting in formation on
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After his father moved to Amelia County, Bland took over
Cawsons (apparently about 1783-1784 after his return to Virginia from the Continental Congress and his father's death.) Bland then operated Kippax as an out-plantation. In 1786, Bland was elected to the Virginia House, where he served until
469:
Bland then returned to
Virginia and began a medical practice, as well as following family traditions of political involvement and farming using enslaved labor. He married Martha Daingerfield in 1768 and they likely settled at Kippax about that time. (His parents had moved to Cawsons.) Thus Bland
559:, in which his father served in the Virginia Senate and Edmund Bland served in the Virginia House of Delegates. In 1780, the General Assembly named Bland as one of Virginia's delegates to the Continental Congress, where he served until 1783 and thus helped form the new United States government.
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over
British officers taken prisoner. He also worked to keep Washington's officers and cavalry supplied with quality horses both from his own stables and from others. As a participant in the early American horse-racing community, Bland owned a large stable and had access to other horses through
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under the pseudonym "Cassius". In 1775 Bland joined the local "Committee of
Intelligence" as well as helped locate arms and munitions for the patriot cause. In June 1776, Bland accepted a commission as captain in Virginia's cavalry. He rose quickly to Colonel and commanded the
503:, often cited as "Bland's Virginia Horse" in Revolutionary dispatches and correspondence. In the latter capacity Bland reported directly to General Washington. He would retire in 1779 from active cavalry service due to poor health, which he had suffered from his youth.
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after the conflict, but died before that tax census. Thus, his father's estate also owned 13 enslaved adult Blacks in Amelia County, Virginia, as well as 10 younger slaves and four horses.
478:. Bland retired from medical practice in the late 1760s, "in favor of farming and politics". He became active in politics before the war, serving as the Clerk of Prince George County.
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His wife Martha Bland survived him and married two more times. She was an independent woman, maintaining the Bland holdings by executing marriage contracts to control her own lands.
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to create a school to educate youth, but insisted that it be established within 15 years of his death, which bequest lapsed because no school was constructed.
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Bland's political career had begun before the
Revolution, when he served as the Clerk of Prince George County, and had considerable contact with the
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Netti
Schreiner-Yantis and Florene Speakman Love, The 1787 Census of Virginia (Springfield, Virginia, Genealogical Books in Brint 1987) p. 908
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and
Frances Elizabeth (Bolling) Bland. His mother was the only child and heir of Captain Drury Bolling and Elizabeth Meriweather of "
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grew on the site, it has recently been purchased by the
Archaeological Conservancy, and archaeological excavations are ongoing.
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Cynthia Miller Leonard, The Virginia General Assembly 1619-1978 (Richmond: Virginia State Library 1978) pp. 162, 166, 170, 174
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At Gen. Washington's request, when Bland returned to Virginia to recuperate in 1779, he also served as Warden at
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His ancestors had settled in Virginia years earlier, became civic leaders (hence sometimes referred to as the
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the front lines, as they had at Brandywine. However, the lack of scouting had led to the Brandywine errors.
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views aligned him with the rebels. He or his father published letters criticizing Lord Dunmore in the
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for his education, accompanied by an enslaved boy, Tom, as his body servant. Bland studied first in
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685:"National Register of Historic Places Registration Form: Kippax Plantation Archaeological Site"
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343:. A major figure in the formation of the new United States government, Bland represented
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The Memorial History of the City of New York: From Its First Settlement to the Year 1892
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The Bland Papers: Being a Selection from the Manuscripts of Colonel Theodorick Bland, Jr
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At age 11, after being tutored at home as was customary for his class, he was sent to
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Frances Earle Lutz, The Prince George-Hopewell Story (William Byrd Press 1957) p. 73
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would precede him in being elected to state legislative posts as well as Congress.
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during the American Revolutionary War representing Prince George County and nearly
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In 1788, Prince George voters elected Bland and Ruffin as their delegate to the
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John Randolph of Roanoke, 1773-1833: A Biography Based Largely on New Material
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After the constitution was adopted, Virginia legislators elected to Bland the
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Although the buildings of Kippax Plantation are long gone, and the town of
823:. Konecky & Konecky by special arrangement with Simon & Schuster.
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59:
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Members of the United States House of Representatives who owned slaves
651:
List of United States Congress members who died in office (1790–1899)
355:(until his death in office), as well as served multiple terms in the
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Members of the United States House of Representatives from Virginia
339:, was an American planter, physician, soldier, and politician from
426:) from 1661 until his death, probably in 1672. His grandfather,
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Bland bequeathed 2 acres of land on Blandford Hill next to the
335:(March 21, 1741 – June 1, 1790), also known as
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Lee, Richard Henry; Ballagh, James (compiled by) (1914).
617:). In 1828, his remains were moved and reinterred in the
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supplied General Washington with the correct location of
701:. Biographical Directory of the United States Congress
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Biographical Directory of the United States Congress
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and correspondence between him and George Washington
457:. Next he went to Scotland to study medicine at the
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756:Lloyd Dobyns; Erik Goldstein (April 3, 2006).
430:, had married Elizabeth Randolph, daughter of
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613:was designated in the late 20th century as a
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1063:U.S. House of Representatives
146:October 16, 1786 – October 18, 1789
121:November 1, 1780 – October 30, 1783
727:Theodorick Bland; Charles Campbell (1840).
687:. United States Department of the Interior.
367:(and unsuccessfully opposed ratification).
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875:Schreiner-Yantis and Speakman Love p. 353
379:in 1741 to a prominent planter family in
54:U.S. House of Representatives
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434:of Turkey Island. His uncle, also named
1391:Continental Army officers from Virginia
760:. The Colonial Williamsburg Foundation.
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805:Pictorial Field Book of the Revolution
683:Donald W. Linebaugh (March 12, 2007).
353:United States House of Representatives
1416:Burials at the Congressional Cemetery
1396:Continental Congressmen from Virginia
1120:Virginia's 9th congressional district
1069:Virginia's 9th congressional district
937:. Profiles in History. Archived from
846:noble sensible honorable and amiable.
758:"A new look at the Governor's Palace"
77:March 4, 1789 – June 1, 1790
19:For other people with this name, see
7:
996:. New York History Company. p.
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935:"a letter to General George Weedon"
414:, who had served as Speaker of the
363:, which he also represented in the
1381:American people of English descent
933:Theodoric Bland (April 11, 1783).
699:"BLAND, Theodorick, (1742 - 1790)"
461:, graduating as a doctor in 1763.
14:
1401:18th-century American legislators
915:. The Macmillan Company. p.
1426:18th-century American physicians
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1029:"Theodorick Bland (id: B000546)"
1013:Frances Earle Lutz, pp. 104, 107
912:The Letters of Richard Henry Lee
888:The Writings of Thomas Jefferson
733:. E. & J.C. Ruffin. xxviii.
601:Coat of Arms of Theodorick Bland
365:Virginia Ratification Convention
284:
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840:. G.P. Putnam's Sons. pp.
891:. G.P. Putnam's Sons. p.
501:1st Continental Light Dragoons
341:Prince George County, Virginia
307:1st Continental Light Dragoons
260:Planter, physician, politician
1:
1074:March 4, 1789 - June 1, 1790
1061:Member of the
1046:U.S. House of Representatives
834:William Cabell Bruce (1922).
418:in 1660 and also represented
107:Congress of the Confederation
579:First United States Congress
438:, his father's first cousin
412:Theodorick Bland of Westover
990:James Grant Wilson (1893).
385:Theodorick Bland of Cawsons
357:Virginia House of Delegates
129:Virginia House of Delegates
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802:Benson J. Lossing (1850).
615:National Historic Landmark
572:United States Constitution
396:First Families of Virginia
317:American Revolutionary War
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885:Thomas Jefferson (1893).
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557:Virginia General Assembly
465:Early career and marriage
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506:Bland's observations at
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371:Early life and education
459:University of Edinburgh
619:Congressional Cemetery
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410:), he was named after
239:Congressional Cemetery
609:in Lower Manhattan. (
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570:called to ratify the
337:Theodorick Bland, Jr.
148:Serving with
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587:William Branch Giles
377:Prince George County
361:Prince George County
349:Continental Congress
321:Battle of Brandywine
243:District of Columbia
207:Prince George County
134:Prince George County
87:position established
568:Virginia Convention
420:Charles City County
383:. His parents were
16:American politician
607:Trinity Churchyard
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553:House of Burgesses
416:House of Burgesses
375:Bland was born in
252:Elizabeth Randolph
211:Colony of Virginia
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735:the bland papers.
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381:colonial Virginia
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941:on March 2, 2007
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808:. Vol. III.
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939:the original
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347:in both the
336:
332:
331:
313:Battles/wars
223:(1790-06-01)
221:June 1, 1790
174:Succeeded by
167:Edward Bland
141:
116:
93:Succeeded by
72:
25:
1371:1790 deaths
1366:1741 births
1291:C. B. Slemp
980:Lutz p. 100
476:slaveholder
162:Preceded by
83:Preceded by
1360:Categories
1166:Hungerford
857:Lutz p. 98
779:Lutz p. 84
657:References
547:Politician
508:Brandywine
488:Revolution
474:and major
270:Allegiance
257:Profession
200:1741-03-21
1306:Flannagan
1246:Fulkerson
1236:Pridemore
1201:Pendleton
1176:Stevenson
1141:Eggleston
539:moved to
470:became a
455:Yorkshire
422:then new
142:In office
117:In office
73:In office
1336:Griffith
1321:Jennings
1286:C. Slemp
1271:Marshall
1266:Buchanan
1261:H. Bowen
1251:H. Bowen
1241:Richmond
1226:R. Bowen
1211:Strother
1151:Thompson
645:See also
639:Hopewell
351:and the
345:Virginia
66:district
60:Virginia
1331:Boucher
1326:Wampler
1316:Wampler
1301:Shaffer
1216:Letcher
1196:Chilton
534:Planter
514:'s and
486:As the
472:planter
298:Colonel
1311:Fugate
1276:Walker
1221:Harris
1206:Morton
1191:Hunter
1181:Taylor
1066:from
632:church
563:1788.
389:Kippax
249:Spouse
230:, U.S.
213:, U.S.
1296:Peery
1256:Trigg
1231:Terry
1186:Roane
1161:Hawes
1146:Giles
1136:Giles
1131:Bland
132:from
58:from
1281:Rhea
1171:Ball
1156:Love
947:2007
788:see
707:2007
516:Howe
492:Whig
406:and
303:Unit
295:Rank
218:Died
194:Born
917:477
893:448
621:in
64:9th
62:'s
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998:70
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202:)
198:(
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