Knowledge (XXG)

Theatre and disability

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229:. It can be used in any theatre, TV or film productions that are creating, casting or telling a story about disability, or are exploring the possibility of casting disabled actors into mainstream roles. The engagement of a disability dramaturge can happen at the start of the casting process to help directors identify characters that could be played by visibly disabled actors, and discuss ideas that come from potential choices and the lenses that brings to the meaning of the play, TV drama or movie. The engagement should progress beyond casting in a traditional way working with the director and the actors, focusing on aspects storytelling and meaning to ensure authenticity and creative opportunity stays forefront with regards to visible disability. 91:, Disability Arts Alliance, UK Disability Artists Alliance, Disability Artists Community Network (DANC) and others have campaigned for the creative arts to simply be more open to new ideas when it comes to disability. From a creative standpoint they focus on two basic premises that disabled actors and creatives should be the first choice for telling stories about disability, and that disability should not be an unconscious bias barrier to accessing any role in any play. 2177: 258:) has grown up with a disability: "A childhood illness has left her crippled, one leg slightly shorter than the other, and held in a brace. This defect need not be more than suggested on the stage." This character description is vague enough to allow the director to make their own decision as to how they want to portray Laura; however, this can be seen as a missed creative opportunity as disability adds depth to her character. 305:, ableism is a central theme as attitudes and prejudice drive Richard to become who he becomes. However brilliant the play is, coming from a non-disabled playwright and yet being able to deeply understand the disabled lived experience, many productions either misinterpret disability as a device to emphasise his darker deeds, or they miss the point altogether and can end up with an ableist production of a play about ableism. 71:(April 28, 1878 – November 15, 1954) already working at the top of their profession, often playing both disabled and non-disabled characters, but they were able to access opportunity because of privileged circumstances as well as talent. Most opportunity, of which there was very little, came through stage comedy or traditions such as 201:
2024. This works if every actor has equal opportunity to every role and that there is unconscious bias in the industry. The backlash from over 300 professional actors, theatre professionals and theatre companies, who collectively called themselves the Disabled Artist's Alliance as well as the actors' union
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highlighted that without equal opportunity in the industry this was a highly privileged perspective. The argument was broken down by London theatre blogger Micky Jo. This situation raised interesting issues not only about prejudice across the industry, but also about the rights of disabled actors to
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The role of an actor is to present interesting choices to the director, and the lived experience of someone with a disability is always an interesting creative choice. For every visible disability there is always a backstory and that adds subtext to any role whether it is written as disabled or not.
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In recent years the intake of disabled students has increased, although for some after years of actively blocking disabled student applications they are now actively looking for disabled students as attitudes in the theatre, TV and film industries are beginning to change. To support emerging talent
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The following examples of actors playing both disabled characters and bringing their whole selves to what could be regarded as mainstream characters, in major professional mainstream productions, provides evidence that casting disabled actors in both disabled and non-disabled roles is not an act of
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Despite most characters in most plays being able to be played by disabled actors, with a very few exceptions, disabled actors are rarely given the opportunity to portray them. There is an unconscious willingness to not allow disabled actors tell anything other than stories about disability. If this
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Disabled mimicry, erasure and absence has no place in the arts. To bring about its end is an industry wide task - inciting best practice guidelines and multi-disciplinary non-hierarchical collaboration…. These casting decisions, and their detrimental effect, have long since been condemned. Disabled
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within a theatrical experience, enabling cultural and aesthetic diversity in the arts. Showing disabled bodies on stage can be to some extent understood as a political aesthetic as it challenges the predominately abled audience's expectations as well as traditional theatre conventions. However, the
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One excuse used for either casting non-disabled actors in disabled roles, or resisting casing disabled actors into roles that could be played as disabled, is that there is a lack of talent to draw from. The disability theatre movement has been training actors since the mid 1980s and there are also
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There is an argument in the acting profession that any actor should be allowed to play any role, and there is a good point about anti-literalism, however like all ideas there are issues and caveats. This argument was made by an Artistic Director when she cast herself in the role of Richard III in
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Since the 1980s there has been a movement focusing primarily on telling disability stories. From this several well funded and popular professional theatre companies have formed and this has become an important branch of theatre making. This is particularly significant because these have become a
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has been running on Broadway since 2003, and has launched multiple national tours and productions worldwide. In the musical, the character of Elphaba has a sister who is a wheelchair user named Nessarose. She was disabled at birth due to a congenital birth defect, and goes through the production
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This is a question regularly used to analyse unconsciously biased or ableist decisions and attitudes in any casting process. The issue that it raises is why if it is not stated how someone enters the stage, is there a presumption that they walked? This is a similar thought process behind what is
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Roughly 1 in 12 people in the world has a visible disability, so if there were no biases 1 in 12 characters we see on stage would have a visible disability regardless of whether the script says they do or not. In reality virtually no mainstream productions of a play that isn't in some way about
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This is a creative role and should only be carried out by a person with experience as either a professional stage or screen actor or theatre director, and who has lived experience as a visibly disabled or Deaf person. This role is not to be confused with a Disability, Accessibility or Access
357:, a play that drifts from his story missing not only much of who he was (even his name is wrong) and what it is to be a disabled person, to a play that dives deeply into the lived experience. This second play has had two professional productions to date in Australia and the United Kingdom. 210:
What is interesting with both of these is they deal with the subject of "otherness". To not incidentally portray disability is a way of saying that disabled people are no more than their conditions, and to not allow disabled actors to tell disabled stories denies them their own identity.
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This will give the director and even the marketeers an opportunity to think about how disability could add a dimensions not otherwise considered. Audiences can find disability challenging, but they are never board by it, which is why so many disability stories win TV, theatre and film
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was applied to any other diversity group this would be met with outrage, and yet disability is decades behind the equality curve in this respect. A question that can be used at the start of the process when looking at each character in isolation is,
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artists have been campaigning for 50 years, incrementally growing from the generations before. The work done by our predecessors has allowed this conversation to become mainstream. But as our collective voice grows, it becomes harder to ignore.
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to enable access professional disabled actor details and a showreel in the form of a short performance. IMDB has lists of professional disabled actors with visible disabilities including one just for disabled actors in the United Kingdom.
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bring their lived experiences to the creative processes, to have the right to tell disabled stories, for disability not to be erased from any character and for this to be seen as worthwhile rather than an act of worthiness.
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performance of disabilities on stage has raised polarising debates about whether the performers are exposed and reduced to their disability or whether they have full agency of who they are and what they represent.
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Plays about important disabled historical figures can be fraught with difficulties when a non-disabled actor is cast. Understanding what it is to be a disabled person is far more than portraying a condition and how
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I think there's a slight advantage, because I'm so used to being very aware and having to control my body and my mouth. When I have to change my physicality or my voice I have, I feel, a great awareness to begin
5049: 2820: 1337:, author Hannah Simpson reveals how Beckett's theatre compulsively interrogates alternative embodiments, unexpected forms of agency, and the extraordinary social interdependency of the human body. 5082: 4811: 4022: 483: 136:
Shifting attitudes in the industry from seeing disability as a diversity box to be ticked to a creative opportunity is a slow and ongoing process, however a deeper understanding of
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Consultant as these are more functional roles focusing on practical considerations, communication strategies and organisational culture, rather than the creative process.
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towards disability is gaining traction, and more directors are understanding that disability presents creative possibilities beyond telling stories about disability.
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in the 1980s in the United States and the United Kingdom. There were, however, some disability-focused theatre companies predating this movement, including the
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Other examples of where visible disability or metaphors for the disabled lived experience are at the core of a character or historical figure being portrayed:
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have published articles on the historic exclusion of visible disability both from stage and screens, as well as the need for change from within the industry.
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training ground for disabled actors, directors, producers, writers that have been excluded from mainstream channels for training, such as drama schools.
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worthiness but a real creative opportunity for any director or show runner that has the creative capability and capacity to imagine the possibilities.
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Kochhar-Lindgren, Kanta (2013). "Between Two Worlds: The Emerging Aesthetic of the National Theater of the Deaf". In King, Kimball; Fahy, Tom (eds.).
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publications such as The Actors' & Performers' Yearbook now provide guidance specifically targeted at young disabled actors.
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inhabiting the role of villain. The production has come under fire for not casting a physically disabled actor in the role.
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Daneka Etchells is the most compelling Beatrice you might ever see in an exceptional production of the romantic comedy
1135: 825: 276: 84: 5362: 5614: 5239:"'A Doll's House' Review: Jessica Chastain Shines in a Broadway Staging That Brings Sparkling Clarity to a Classic" 1661: 1090: 578: 4588:"THEATRE REVIEW: The Seagull starring Emilia Clarke, Daniel Monks & Indira Varma at the Harold Pinter Theatre" 2506: 4975: 1544: 1416: 1224: 830: 819: 571: 402: 163: 1732: 1372: 1267: 1194: 879: 532: 459: 408: 4306: 2236: 4531:"Daniel Monks Talks Through His Career From Pulse to In the Room Where He Waits in This Interview - The Curb" 2404: 1856: 1763: 847: 641: 615: 596: 377:, Emma J. Hawkins, and Sophie Ross. The play toured the UK in 2023, directed by Stephen Bailey and starring 352: 322: 103:
This campaigning has become more publicly visible especially in the UK with mainstream news vendors such as
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Peering Behind the Curtain : Disability, Illness, and the Extraordinary Body in Contemporary Theatre
1811: 1286: 1145: 919: 885: 671: 435: 4812:"'We need to be seen': Nadia Nadarajah on portraying Shakespeare's greatest heroines – as a deaf actor" 4193: 4733: 2083: 1282:, who deals with the ableism of Tiny Tim by treating him as more than just a foil for Scrooge's guilt. 3699: 2287: 2111:"Ready, willing and disabled: the Australian actors campaigning for more roles – and better training" 1841: 1799: 1683: 1652: 1538: 1489: 1058: 956: 903: 547: 428: 88: 53: 3585: 393:
Further examples of disabled fictional and non-fictional characters, where authentic casting applies
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ableist Richard III casting drama at the Globe: explained | why disability representation matters
2429: 1865: 1805: 1698: 1570: 1503: 1476: 1422: 964: 897: 636: 331:. An historical figure previously misnamed as 'John' Merrick in The Elephant Man.": --> 301: 249: 137: 5135:"Katy Sullivan on Saying Goodbye to Her History-Making Portrayal in Broadway's 'Cost of Living'" 1674: 1299: 217:
have created a more in-depth guide to the access practicalities of inclusive casting processes.
4845:"Antony and Cleopatra, Shakespeare's Globe review - Egypt in sign language, Rome in pale force" 3119: 5057: 4879: 4819: 4707: 4647: 4614:"The Real And Imagined History Of The Elephant Man - Melbourne | Stage Noise - Diana Simmonds" 4561: 4427: 4367: 4227: 4141: 4081: 3971: 3937: 3903: 3869: 3759: 3671: 3483: 3418: 3362: 3208: 3153: 2995: 2947: 2777: 2540: 2386: 2185: 2152: 2118: 2044: 2001: 1976: 1925: 1900: 1823: 1747: 1461: 1317: 1257: 1181: 1086: 782: 591: 378: 5609: 4133: 2985: 2899: 2376: 2210: 2034: 1871: 1169: 1107: 1103: 1099: 1032: 942: 891: 842: 813: 522: 414: 270: 87:, is as relevant in theatre as it has been in TV, Film, Politics and Design. Campaigns from 68: 49: 5108: 3964:"'I am different, that is good': how an actor with Down's syndrome is changing perceptions" 3476:"Unspeakable Conversations review – Liz Carr and Mat Fraser's straight talk is enthralling" 2364: 1346:
disabled actors accessing formal training in drama schools. Organisations such as the UK's
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have put in place casting and diversity policies that are moving in the right direction.
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disability have ever reached that ratio. Having said that theatre companies such as the
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by Allison Cameron Gray and Matt Corpenning adapted from the novel Stuck in Neutral by
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Change does not happen easily and the campaign for political change within society,
1631: 1598: 1234: 1206: 1064: 1011: 1007: 856: 852: 809: 705: 666: 567: 551: 541: 527: 424: 366: 104: 4480:""It's A Dancing Delight!" Francesca Mills, Of The American Clock, At The Old Vic" 2533:"Changing the narrative on disability: is representation in books getting better?" 2145:"'Access is a human right': how deaf and disabled people are transforming theatre" 5001: 3996: 3811:"Review: The Real and Imagined History of The Elephant Man. Nottingham Playhouse" 4700:"Love and Other Acts of Violence review – mesmerising moments amid the darkness" 4360:"Francesca Martinez: 'It's hard living in a world that can't handle difference'" 1817: 1606: 1495: 1441: 1275: 1271: 1162: 1141: 1074: 1051: 803: 791: 787: 718: 713: 687: 682: 518: 497: 4220:"Richard III review – Shakespeare's supervillain breezes through the bloodbath" 2481: 1947:"Access all areas: the plays that took captioning and signing to their hearts" 997: 972: 968: 960: 913: 909: 695: 604: 452: 226: 24: 5061: 4883: 4872:"Grounded review – Deafinitely Theatre's drone-pilot drama has double impact" 4823: 4711: 4651: 4565: 4431: 4371: 4231: 4145: 4085: 3975: 3941: 3907: 3873: 3763: 3675: 3487: 3444:"REVIEW: The Merchant Of Venice, Royal Shakespeare Theatre ✭✭✭✭✭ - Newsplate" 3422: 3366: 3157: 2999: 2951: 2781: 2739:"Jonathan Meth on disability arts, dramaturgy and asking questions | Podcast" 2544: 2390: 2189: 2156: 2122: 2048: 5389:"Disability in drama schools – study reveals extent of under-representation" 3785:"Interview - Zak Ford-Williams - Taking on the Elephant Man - Able Magazine" 3091:"Interview - Zak Ford-Williams - Taking on the Elephant Man - Able Magazine" 2381: 2039: 1521: 1292: 1238: 1202: 1149: 1131: 1080: 124: 72: 4334:"'Henry V' at Donmar review: Kit Harington stars in this timely production" 3178: 2990: 2904: 2887: 2860: 2314:"Disabled creatives 'robbed of dignity and independence' by lack of access" 4640:"Richard III review – Tom Mothersdale hypnotises as the unhinged overlord" 4554:"Teenage Dick review – Daniel Monks is a dazzling high-school Richard III" 3146:"Teenage Dick review – Daniel Monks is a dazzling high-school Richard III" 2023:""Get down on your knees": Representing the Seven Dwarfs in the Pantomime" 173:
Casting disabled actors as a process has two creative lenses to consider:
3664:"Much Ado About Nothing review – hilarious, heartfelt show is everything" 3355:"My disability helped me understand Blanche DuBois, says Streetcar actor" 2339:"Mat Fraser: All theatres should cast at least one disabled actor a year" 1394: 630:
adapted by Kolbrun Bjort Sigfusdottir & Emily Carding (adaptation of
502: 120: 116: 5457: 5264:"Amy Trigg urges actors to 'pass on' roles they are not appropriate for" 4505: 3862:"Mat Fraser: 'I'm hardcore – I want equality and I'm not going to stop'" 3254:"Actors who are either Deaf, have a Visible Disability or Short Stature" 4394:"All of Us at the National Theatre review: compelling and full of rage" 3752:"The Glass Menagerie review – Sally Field returns to Broadway in style" 2940:"'I'm done with pretenders': disabled actors on reclaiming Richard III" 2566:"Shakespeare's Globe under pressure to recast non-disabled Richard III" 2062: 1741: 1382: 44:, founded in 1967. Notable early disability theatre companies include 3040:"Theatre listing: The Real & Imagined History of the Elephant Man" 2507:"Equity, Diversity, Justice and Inclusion | Royal Shakespeare Company" 4307:"Theatre review: One Flew Over the Cuckoo's Nest at Crucible Theatre" 1689: 99:
Excerpt from a public statement by Disabled Artists Alliance in 2024.
5338:"The Taming of the Shrew - Royal Shakespeare Company - The Barbican" 5050:"Frozen review – 'Sharpens your hearing by making you see language'" 1333:, have disability as an underlying characteristic, and in her book, 536:, adaptations for stage by Mark Rosenwinkel, Jim Burke, Julian Rad, 3066:"Stories of M - The Real and Imagined History of the Elephant Man" 2714:"Disability, Identity, and Representation: Notes from a Dramaturg" 2482:"Inclusivity & Barrier-Free Experiences | Interbrand Services" 5483: 3534:"Guest Review: Assisted Suicide: The Musical at Southbank Centre" 3228: 5508: 4134:"Hole review – history of female empowerment with heavy gravity" 2591:"'Below standards': Equity wades in on Richard III casting row" 5533: 5187:"Richard III was always a monster. Now imagine him as RoboCop" 4047: 3726:"'All of Me' review — a funny and moving boy-meets-girl story" 611:, Rosalind Sydney, and Anna Himali Howard & Holly Robinson 112: 5363:"Theatre review: The Glass Menagerie at Nottingham Playhouse" 4976:"Partners of a Prague Theater Continue Revolution-Era Dreams" 3411:"Othello review – brutal, candlelit tragedy in a man's world" 2974:"Enabling Richard: The Rhetoric of Disability in Richard III" 187:
If you can't find a very good reason then follow it up with,
5083:"Review: Mother Courage and her Children, National Theatre" 2795: 2689:"Casting guide for deaf, disabled and neurodiverse dancers" 2456:"Moving from Disability Visibility to Disability Artistry" 4048:"Alison Halstead - Actor - Voiceover • Acrobat • Website" 5414:"Actors and Performers Yearbook | Actors and Performers" 5315:"Review: Reasons You Should(n't) Love Me (Kiln Theatre)" 4279:"Review: La Cage Aux Folles (The Play), at Park Theatre" 2288:"Emma MacLean: How Disability Is Represented in Theater" 1998:
Disability Theatre and Modern Drama: Recasting Modernism
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Disability Theatre and Modern Drama: Recasting Modernism
1152:, James Villafuerte, Harold Hodge, Jr and Benjamin Polya 771:
Frida Kahlo: Viva la Vida - Frida Kahlo e Chavela Vargas
2664:"Disability, Identity and Difference - Tom Shakespeare" 2063:"We Shall Not Be Removed – UK Disability Arts Alliance" 5161:"Richard III at Chicago Shakespeare is flashy and fun" 3559:"Thoughts On New Musical 'Cyrano' With Peter Dinklage" 3179:"Theatre plays inspired by Frida Kahlo's life and art" 3014:"Cripping the Crip—Is It Time to Reclaim Richard III?" 5024:"REHEARSAL FOR TRUTH 2019: AUDIENCE (CZECH REPUBLIC)" 4674:"THEATRE REVIEW: London Tide at the National Theatre" 761:
by Fabio Camassa, Fabiana Gargia, Alessia Pelagatta,
149:"How does a character in the script enter the stage?" 2796:"The National Register of Access Consultants | NRAC" 2365:"The Trouble with Disability in Shakespeare Studies" 1350:
has launches a service for casting directors called
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The Real & Imagined History of The Elephant Man
1113:Richard Plantagenet/of York/of Gloucester/King, in 1361:Notable living stage actors and production reviews 184:"why can't a disabled actor be cast in this role?" 2821:"How to consult effectively with disabled people" 2642:Casting Call: Disabled Actors for Disabled Roles? 1613:The Real and Imagined History of the Elephant Man 484:The Curious Incident of the Dog in the Night-Time 381:as Joseph. This cast of this production included 359:The Real and Imagined History of the Elephant Man 311:The Real and Imagined History of The Elephant Man 225:This is a role that is very similar to a regular 308: 1316:, as disability is a core incidental theme. By 3459:Nadia Albina, superb as the delightful Nerissa 2972:Williams, Katherine Schaap (2 October 2009). 2430:"Disability inclusion is spurring creativity" 2178:"Bringing disability to the heart of theatre" 1784:Contemporary disability led theatre companies 36:Disability theatre formally arose out of the 8: 4168:"The House Of Bernarda Alba (Online review)" 4023:"Review | Jellyfish at the National Theatre" 3389:"REVIEW: English, Kiln (2024) | TheatreVibe" 5290:"Review: THE LITTLE BIG THINGS, @sohoplace" 401:Arnold, Lucien Sheila, Barry and Norman in 316:An historical figure previously misnamed as 190:"what would disability bring to this role?" 4506:"Review: MALORY TOWERS at Bristol Old Vic" 4108:"Review: Future Bodies @ HOME, Manchester" 3509:"The Normal Heart: an impassioned revival" 2405:"Enjoying: Disability as a Creative Force" 369:in the title role. The cast also featured 3205:Samuel Beckett and Disability Performance 3120:"Production of I Claudius | Theatricalia" 2989: 2903: 2639:Good Morning Britain (12 February 2024). 2380: 2038: 1335:Samuel Beckett and Disability Performance 4759:"Review: Every Brilliant Thing, Belvoir" 4552:Billington, Michael (13 December 2019). 3144:Billington, Michael (13 December 2019). 237:Examples of scripted disabled characters 63:There were some disabled actors such as 4132:Billington, Michael (5 December 2018). 1887: 5590:Fictional characters with disabilities 4955:"Divadlo v Celetné » Richard III" 4930:"A Midsummer Night's Dream | Discover" 3700:"'Brassed Off' At Theatre By The Lake" 3207:. University of Oxford. pp. 1–6. 2921:"How Wicked gets representation wrong" 1148:, Robert Hossein, Nicholas DeBaubien, 877:Ignacio, Carlos and the other boys in 739:Frida, A bomb wrapped in a silk ribbon 67:(4 May, 1906 – 23 February, 1987) and 4301: 4299: 3469: 3467: 1794:ARBOS – Company for Music and Theatre 1341:Disabled talent and theatre companies 870:by Daniel Dalton and Tim Spencer, or 757:by Marian Licha and R. Dennis Green, 733:by Titti Nuzzolese and Peppe Romano, 599:with adaptations by Pamela Sterling, 365:premiered on 4 August 2017, starring 7: 4980:Rehearsal for Truth Theater Festival 3610:Associates, Casarotto Ramsay &. 1945:Love, Catherine (25 February 2016). 1853:Open Circle Theatre, founded in 2003 930:Laura, Max, Sally and Dr Walters in 178:Disability and incidental portrayal. 131:Disability as a creative opportunity 38:disability arts and culture movement 5585:Plays and musicals about disability 4732:Peard, Anne-Marie (22 April 2017). 3279:"Actors with Physical Disabilities" 2938:Simpson, Hannah (30 January 2024). 2919:Wilders, David (10 February 2023). 2764:Lewis, Victoria Ann (Summer 1998). 2615:MickeyJoTheatre (3 February 2024). 2211:"Hollywood 'shuns disabled people'" 1975:. MacMillan Education. p. 35. 1829:Definitely Theatre, founded in 2002 1197:, as well as a musical adaptation " 252:explains that the character Laura ( 198:Disability and authentic portrayal. 4810:Segalov, Michael (4 August 2024). 3724:Considine, Allison (14 May 2024). 3387:Loveridge, Lizzie (26 June 2024). 3304:"British Disabled and Deaf Actors" 2363:Wilson, Jeffrey R. (1 June 2017). 2021:Pritchard, Erin (18 August 2022). 1862:Ramps On The Moon, founded in 2015 14: 5133:White, Abbey (15 November 2022). 5002:"Divadlo v Celetné » Hamlet" 4418:Segalov, Michael (7 April 2024). 3928:Gardner, Lyn (10 December 2013). 3750:Soloski, Alexis (10 March 2017). 3636:Writer, Guest (3 February 2020). 3616:Casarotto Ramsay & Associates 3584:Rooney, David (12 October 2004). 2143:Flynn, Isabel (27 January 2020). 1026:The Life and Death of Lord Byron, 5484:"welcome to open circle theatre" 5159:Reid, Kerry (13 February 2024). 4870:Gardner, Lyn (5 November 2015). 4698:Akbar, Arifa (17 October 2021). 4166:Chapman, John (14 August 2020). 4072:Lawson, Mark (14 October 2021). 3962:Salman, Saba (14 October 2014). 3894:Hickling, Alfred (11 May 2017). 3809:philiplowe (21 September 2023). 3662:Ahad, Nick (14 September 2022). 3329:"Nadia Albina | Hamilton Hodell" 1471:A Christmas Carol: A Ghost Story 1280:A Christmas Carol: A Ghost Story 868:Trafalgar - Nelson's Finest Hour 5237:Deitch, Trish (10 March 2023). 4785:"Theatre Review: Julius Caesar" 4504:Mantle, Adrian (26 July 2019). 4478:London, Secret (7 March 2019). 4106:Staff, M. M. (4 October 2018). 3930:"Beauty and the Beast – review" 3860:Wiegand, Chris (21 July 2020). 1838:Hijinx Theatre, founded in 1981 1759:Reasons You Should(n't) Love Me 1710:Mother Courage and Her Children 1627:Love and Other Acts of Violence 1560:One Flew Over The Cuckoo's Nest 1551:One Flew Over The Cuckoo's Nest 735:Frida  ... a Self Portrait 628:Richard III (A One Person Show) 626:Duke of Gloucester/The King in 288:Duke of Gloucester/The King in 144:Casting without disability bias 5509:"Welcome to Ramps on the Moon" 5336:Beer, Mary (8 November 2019). 4672:mrmonstagigz (12 April 2024). 4392:Curtis, Nick (5 August 2022). 4021:Greer, Robert (12 July 2019). 2886:Haller, Beth (15 March 2004). 2766:"The Dramaturgy of Disability" 723:Back to Back with Frida Kahlo, 472:Whatever Happened to Baby Jane 1: 5575:Ableism in the United Kingdom 5211:Evans, Greg (29 April 2022). 5185:Adler, Tony (17 March 2016). 5048:Costa, Maddy (6 March 2014). 4734:"Bell Shakespeare: Richard 3" 4358:Akbar, Arifa (28 July 2022). 4194:"Love and the Cost of Living" 3474:Meany, Helen (19 July 2024). 3409:Gardner, Lyn (7 March 2017). 2925:Raidió Teilifís Éireann (RTE) 2531:Webster, Lucy (18 May 2022). 2084:"TripleC - The Special Award" 1877:VitalXposure, founded in 2011 1694:, Trouble in the House of God 582:, by John Harte based on the 19:is a subject focusing on the 5570:Ableism in the United States 4638:Wyver, Kate (7 March 2019). 4586:mrmonstagigz (2 July 2022). 4332:Evans, Suzy (3 March 2022). 4218:Akbar, Arifa (1 July 2022). 4192:Brown, Phil (22 June 2024). 3638:"Theatre Review: The Welkin" 3353:Gardner, Lyn (2 June 2014). 2978:Disability Studies Quarterly 2892:Disability Studies Quarterly 2845:Williams, Tennessee (1945). 2369:Disability Studies Quarterly 2027:Disability Studies Quarterly 1848:National Theatre of the Deaf 1189:, theatrical adaptations by 955:, with stage adaptations by 42:National Theatre of the Deaf 2235:Ryan, Anya (3 April 2023). 1818:Chickenshed Theatre Company 1137:The Hunchback of Notre Dame 872:Nelson – The Sailor's Story 168:Shakespeare's Globe Theatre 85:Nothing About Us Without Us 5631: 2109:Dow, Steve (7 July 2024). 2000:. Bloomsbury. p. 27. 1899:. Bloomsbury. p. 21. 1775:Advice for disabled actors 1517:The House Of Bernarda Alba 1144:with stage adaptations by 1091:Catherine Chisholm Cushing 494:the novel of the same name 347:'s story has evolved from 3018:HowlRound Theatre Commons 2865:HowlRound Theatre Commons 2770:Michigan Quarterly Review 2460:HowlRound Theatre Commons 1996:Johnston, Kirsty (2016). 1895:Johnston, Kirsty (2016). 1669:A Midsummer Night's Dream 1485:Unspeakable Conversations 1399:Unspeakable Conversations 861:Beauty from Moulin Rouge, 831:Henri de Toulouse-Lautrec 767:Frida Kahlo: Viva La Vida 763:Frida Kahlo: Viva La Vida 759:Frida Kahlo: Viva La Vida 751:Frida - Stroke of Passion 747:Frida Kahlo, a Revoluçao! 729:by Francesca Cassottana, 559:The Return of The Soldier 164:Royal Shakespeare Company 5580:Actors with disabilities 5087:There Ought To Be Clowns 3333:www.hamiltonhodell.co.uk 3203:Simpson, Hannah (2022). 2861:"Re-membering the Canon" 2668:www.deficienciavisual.pt 1924:. Routledge. p. 3. 1835:Company, founded in 1980 1733:Michael Patrick Thornton 1373:A Streetcar Named Desire 1245:, Jonathan Christenson, 1158:Children of a Lesser God 1110:, by William Shakespeare 998:Lord George Gordon Byron 727:A Ribbon Around the Bomb 460:The Cripple of Inishmaan 5595:Novels about disability 2382:10.18061/dsq.v37i2.5430 2040:10.18061/dsq.v42i1.7576 1971:Kuppers, Petra (2017). 1857:Phamaly Theatre Company 1764:The Taming of the Shrew 1498:, Crocodiles, Jellyfish 1227:, Igor and De Lacey in 1089:, adapted for stage by 933:Sweet Nothing in My Ear 880:In the Burning Darkness 741:by Andrea Castelletti, 597:Frances Hodgson Burnett 579:Lady Chatterley's Lover 509:, by John Mortimer and 58:Phamaly Theatre Company 56:(1988 - Australia) and 5605:Disability in the arts 5139:The Hollywood Reporter 5022:VHLF (7 August 2019). 4905:"Love's Labour's Lost" 3730:New York Theatre Guide 3642:Country and Town House 2991:10.18061/dsq.v29i4.997 2905:10.18061/dsq.v24i2.495 1973:Theatre and Disability 1437:Much Ado About Nothing 1348:Royal National Theatre 1313:Tracy Beaker Gets Real 1310:Various characters in 1247:Richard Brinsley Peake 953:Robert Louis Stevenson 812:of the short story by 773:by Valeria Moretti or 572:novel of the same name 385:, Daneka Etchells and 101: 46:Graeae Theatre Company 17:Theatre and disability 5458:"Deafinitely Theatre" 5367:British Theatre Guide 4311:British Theatre Guide 4001:www.bushtheatre.co.uk 3815:East Midlands Theatre 3044:British Theatre Guide 1812:Canadian Deaf Theatre 1755:The Little Big Things 1640:Every Brilliant Thing 1584:The Dutchess of Malfi 1540:The Dutchess of Malfi 1115:The Wars of the Roses 1069:Mr Johnny Gotobed in 886:Antonio Buero Vallejo 837:by Robert Kornhiser, 677:Sunrise at Campobello 672:Franklin D. Roosevelt 658:Emily and Dominic in 433:Belinda MacDonald in 221:Disability dramaturgy 93: 3229:"ProFile Performers" 2652:– via YouTube. 2628:– via YouTube. 1800:Back to Back Theatre 1684:Flowers for Algernon 1653:Antony and Cleopatra 1490:Beauty and the Beast 1205:, Clive Barnett and 1059:The Rules of Charity 1024:by Deborah Clair or 957:Jules Eckert Goodman 156:colour-blind casting 89:Disability Rights UK 54:Back to Back Theatre 5488:Open Circle Theatre 5464:. 18 September 2017 5462:Deafinitely Theatre 5089:. 19 September 2009 5028:Vaclav Havel Center 4934:Shakespeare's Globe 4789:The West Australian 4027:The London Magazine 2847:The Glass Menagerie 2409:The Hastings Center 1769:The Glass Menagerie 1456:The Glass Menagerie 1119:William Shakespeare 1096:Richard Plantagenet 1031:Meshak Gardiner in 874:by Nicholas Collett 839:Lautrec The Musical 775:To DIE:GO in Leaves 769:by Huberto Robles, 745:by Tony Broadwick, 737:by Vanessa Severo, 725:by Louise Coigley, 632:William Shakespeare 548:Flowers for Algeron 441:Elmer Blaney Harris 255:The Glass Menagerie 244:The Glass Menagerie 60:(founded in 1989). 5565:Disability theatre 5438:. 10 November 2023 5109:"Woman of flowers" 4982:. 9 September 2019 4763:www.artshub.com.au 4618:www.stagenoise.com 4533:. 28 February 2024 4510:StageTalk Magazine 4283:Camden New Journal 3789:ablemagazine.co.uk 3448:britishtheatre.com 3233:ProFile Performers 3095:ablemagazine.co.uk 3020:. 21 February 2018 2436:. 16 December 2020 1866:Realwheels Theatre 1806:Blue Apple Theatre 1724:The Cost of Living 1699:Sophie Leigh Stone 1588:The American Clock 1571:Francesca Martinez 1546:La Cage Aux Folles 1526:The Cost of Living 1504:The Cherry Orchard 1389:Merchant of Venice 1327:'s plays, such as 1249:and Eric B. Sirota 898:Francesca Martinez 866:Horatio Nelson in 821:The Miracle Worker 749:by Juçara Gaspar, 404:The Boys Next Door 320:'John' Merrick in 309:Joseph Merrick in 250:Tennessee Williams 138:unconscious biases 5615:Disability rights 5416:. 30 January 2019 5294:BroadwayWorld.com 4738:AussieTheatre.com 4612:Simmonds, Diana. 4112:Mancunian Matters 3704:www.mag-north.com 3612:"Daneka Etchells" 3183:www.fridakahlo.it 3046:. 17 October 2023 2462:. 20 October 2022 2268:. 2 November 2020 2007:978-1-4725-1035-8 1982:978-1-137-60572-6 1931:978-0-415-92997-4 1906:978-1-4725-1035-8 1874:, founded in 1984 1868:, founded in 2003 1859:, founded in 1989 1850:, founded in 1968 1844:, founded in 1998 1826:, founded in 1991 1824:Deaf West Theatre 1820:, founded in 1974 1814:, founded in 1989 1808:, founded in 2005 1802:, founded in 1987 1796:, founded in 1994 1663:Loves Labour Lost 1617:Tom Mothersdale, 1501:Alison Halstead, 1462:Zak Ford-Williams 1428:Daneka Etchells, 1318:Jacqueline Wilson 1274:and most notably 1266:, adaptations by 1258:A Christmas Carol 1237:, adaptations by 1182:Nicholas Nickleby 1087:Eleanor H. Porter 1022:Dangerous to Know 790:, adaptations by 783:The Metamorphosis 765:by Pino Cacucci, 753:by Odalys Nanin, 710:Kafka the Musical 592:The Secret Garden 379:Zak Ford-Williams 52:(1985 - Canada), 5622: 5549: 5548: 5546: 5544: 5530: 5524: 5523: 5521: 5519: 5505: 5499: 5498: 5496: 5494: 5480: 5474: 5473: 5471: 5469: 5454: 5448: 5447: 5445: 5443: 5432: 5426: 5425: 5423: 5421: 5410: 5404: 5403: 5401: 5399: 5385: 5379: 5378: 5376: 5374: 5359: 5353: 5352: 5350: 5348: 5333: 5327: 5326: 5324: 5322: 5311: 5305: 5304: 5302: 5300: 5288:Gilpin, Debbie. 5285: 5279: 5278: 5276: 5274: 5260: 5254: 5253: 5251: 5249: 5234: 5228: 5227: 5225: 5223: 5208: 5202: 5201: 5199: 5197: 5182: 5176: 5175: 5173: 5171: 5156: 5150: 5149: 5147: 5145: 5130: 5124: 5123: 5121: 5119: 5105: 5099: 5098: 5096: 5094: 5079: 5073: 5072: 5070: 5068: 5045: 5039: 5038: 5036: 5034: 5019: 5013: 5012: 5010: 5008: 4998: 4992: 4991: 4989: 4987: 4972: 4966: 4965: 4963: 4961: 4951: 4945: 4944: 4942: 4940: 4926: 4920: 4919: 4917: 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Thomalen, 743:Frida and Diego 661:A Nervous Smile 601:Thomas W. Olson 564:John Van Druten 556:Christopher in 513:, based on the 481:Christopher in 464:Martin McDonagh 395: 387:Nadia Nadarajah 340: 336: 332: 330: 329: 293: 267: 247: 239: 223: 146: 133: 81: 34: 12: 11: 5: 5628: 5626: 5618: 5617: 5612: 5607: 5602: 5597: 5592: 5587: 5582: 5577: 5572: 5567: 5557: 5556: 5551: 5550: 5525: 5500: 5475: 5449: 5427: 5405: 5380: 5354: 5342:LondonTheatre1 5328: 5306: 5280: 5255: 5229: 5203: 5191:Chicago Reader 5177: 5165:Chicago Reader 5151: 5125: 5100: 5074: 5040: 5014: 4993: 4967: 4946: 4921: 4896: 4862: 4836: 4802: 4776: 4750: 4724: 4690: 4664: 4630: 4604: 4578: 4544: 4522: 4496: 4470: 4459:. 5 March 2024 4444: 4410: 4384: 4350: 4338:London Theatre 4324: 4295: 4270: 4259:. 1 March 2024 4244: 4210: 4184: 4158: 4124: 4098: 4064: 4039: 4013: 3988: 3954: 3920: 3886: 3852: 3827: 3801: 3776: 3742: 3716: 3691: 3654: 3628: 3602: 3576: 3550: 3525: 3500: 3463: 3435: 3401: 3379: 3345: 3320: 3295: 3270: 3245: 3220: 3214:978-3031041327 3213: 3195: 3170: 3136: 3111: 3082: 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Index

inclusion
disability
disability arts and culture movement
National Theatre of the Deaf
Graeae Theatre Company
Theatre Terrific
Back to Back Theatre
Phamaly Theatre Company
Esmond Knight
Lionel Barrymore
pantomime
Nothing About Us Without Us
Disability Rights UK
The Guardian
The Economist
BBC
PBS News
HuffPost
The Stage
unconscious biases
colour-blind casting
Royal Shakespeare Company
Shakespeare's Globe Theatre
Equity
Equity UK
dramaturge
Tennessee Williams
The Glass Menagerie
Wicked
Stephen Schwartz

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