534:
614:
2318:
1885:
1909:
2328:
1873:
2791:
1921:
763:
387:
436:
41:
2734:
1897:
597:
were among those pioneers who started theater companies in provinces. 15 years following the 1908 revolution was a period where many new theaters opened. Theater was regarded an ideal instrument for strengthening civilian and military morale as the country goes into one war after another including
571:
In Turkey, until the
Westernized period, court theater simply imitated popular theater, formed in a more refined and literary manner. The performers of ocourt theater did non perform only for the aristocracy at the palaces; they performed at public festivities organized on the occasions such as a
524:
civilizations. No matter what the origins are, the folk theater has survived for centuries among the thousands of villages scattered throughout the countryside. It largely consists of folk dramas performed by the villagers themselves during the family ceremonies or during the agriculture cycle.
580:
The westernization in Turkey started with vast plan of reforms in 1839, which proved favorable for the development of the
Western theatrical tradition in Turkey. The fusion of Western and Turkish dramatic forms were accomplished largely through the efforts of Armenian middlemen. Agop Vartovyan
541:
Popular theater are performances presented to the public in places like public squares, coffee houses or private homes by the storytellers, puppeteers or live actors. The performers belong to different guilds and societies, called “kol” or “cemaat”.
588:
In 1870, Güllü Agop was granted a ten-year patent of monopoly for producing legitimate drama in the
Turkish language at Istanbul. As a result, other producers were encouraged to start theaters in the provinces. Turkish statesmen like
512:
The dramatic art has existed among the Turks for thousands of years. There are different views on the origins. According to some scholars it developed from humanistic ritual practiced in the
1765:
533:
496:
activities in Turkey that emerged as a unique and complex blend of theater traditions in the country and
Western influences. Traditional Turkish theater had improvisation.
891:
2828:
1428:
549:”. They tell either popular romances, national legends, religious narration or pseudo-historical romances. They are best known for imitation, accent ability.
1591:
970:
417:
1564:
965:
120:
629:
was established in 1949. It is supported by both government funds and ticket sales. By 2023, the State
Theaters performed on stages at 12 provinces.
1362:
2232:
751:
2364:
1854:
996:
943:
339:
2775:
1959:
874:
499:
There are four major theatrical traditions that influenced each other: folk theater, popular theater, court theater, and
Western theater.
1321:
1036:
862:
78:
2490:
1812:
1352:
1342:
2821:
1357:
1304:
1242:
930:
913:
476:
103:
2283:
516:
region, whereas others argue that the
Turkish folk theater is related with the folklore of the early Anatolian civilizations like
1790:
1475:
1274:
1198:
986:
130:
1470:
918:
410:
1913:
446:
2862:
1612:
1309:
1264:
1178:
1156:
1069:
2293:
729:
2627:
2440:
1701:
1418:
1139:
108:
2207:
2814:
1785:
1480:
1111:
1091:
125:
2420:
2252:
1740:
1367:
1347:
1269:
1193:
938:
744:
2852:
2552:
2357:
2152:
1463:
1438:
1316:
1166:
1003:
991:
857:
403:
353:
115:
2688:
2465:
2042:
2288:
1641:
1279:
1259:
906:
215:
140:
2703:
2655:
2547:
2247:
585:), who headed the Ottoman Theater Company in Istanbul from 1867 to 1882, was one of the most important figures.
552:
Shadow theater is a form of theater where cut-out figures silhouetted against a lighted screen. It is known as
2768:
1974:
1952:
1839:
1505:
1203:
1132:
901:
572:
court marriage, the birth of a new prince or his circumcision, the triumph in a war, accession of a new ruler.
2660:
2512:
2257:
2665:
2202:
2122:
2612:
2167:
1982:
1188:
1161:
1106:
1101:
953:
948:
161:
2582:
2542:
2522:
2502:
2212:
2187:
2102:
2082:
2032:
1691:
613:
366:
2857:
2693:
2298:
2172:
2092:
2087:
1696:
1636:
1624:
1517:
1374:
867:
790:
737:
643:
638:
626:
553:
319:
145:
2713:
2698:
2645:
2592:
2567:
2425:
2242:
2192:
2127:
2572:
2532:
2485:
2480:
2470:
2455:
2415:
2405:
2400:
2390:
2385:
2350:
2132:
2002:
1992:
1844:
1629:
1619:
1586:
1326:
1149:
2587:
2577:
2557:
2537:
2507:
2435:
2262:
2162:
2097:
2077:
2027:
2012:
2007:
2683:
2602:
2527:
2303:
2182:
2137:
2037:
2847:
2517:
2475:
2177:
2142:
2062:
2052:
1780:
1775:
1760:
1706:
1651:
1535:
1394:
1379:
1227:
1144:
958:
560:
282:
179:
668:
625:, the new government regarded the theater as an essential element for modernization of the country.
2761:
2597:
2272:
2147:
2117:
2017:
1945:
1656:
1607:
1540:
1490:
1389:
1299:
1247:
1060:
1041:
827:
190:
83:
2327:
1872:
2622:
2450:
2445:
2430:
2410:
2395:
2217:
2112:
1997:
1987:
1901:
1827:
1770:
1750:
1663:
1552:
1495:
1291:
1213:
879:
800:
795:
701:
622:
309:
236:
222:
201:
93:
719:
2708:
2650:
2607:
2562:
2460:
2067:
1925:
1797:
1683:
1668:
1485:
1423:
1410:
1384:
1252:
1183:
1127:
1046:
839:
814:
775:
648:
599:
594:
371:
135:
88:
51:
31:
2798:
2745:
2497:
2222:
2157:
2072:
2047:
2022:
1755:
1723:
1545:
1500:
1443:
1096:
1019:
834:
287:
197:
61:
582:
2107:
2057:
1889:
1822:
1802:
1733:
1728:
1673:
1646:
1557:
1530:
1208:
1173:
301:
277:
269:
246:
208:
174:
98:
22:
1745:
1525:
1448:
1081:
849:
810:
361:
169:
2841:
2321:
1877:
1817:
1718:
1458:
1453:
1086:
1031:
822:
391:
314:
229:
73:
1849:
1807:
1433:
884:
2331:
1713:
1024:
607:
603:
513:
66:
590:
2790:
454:
40:
1579:
1569:
896:
521:
705:
2741:
689:
517:
493:
2733:
1574:
767:
762:
546:
2342:
525:
They are accompanied by pantomime, dances, and puppet performances.
1937:
612:
556:
and was the most widespread form of popular theater in Turkey.
2346:
1941:
733:
429:
563:
performed in urband areas pastime for the middle classes.
2802:
2749:
458:
2674:
2636:
2378:
2271:
2231:
1973:
1682:
1600:
1516:
1409:
1335:
1290:
1235:
1226:
1120:
1068:
1059:
1012:
979:
929:
848:
809:
783:
774:
2797:This article about the culture of Turkey is a
2822:
2769:
2358:
1953:
745:
411:
8:
2829:
2815:
2776:
2762:
2365:
2351:
2343:
1960:
1946:
1938:
1679:
1232:
1065:
780:
752:
738:
730:
418:
404:
17:
477:Learn how and when to remove this message
559:Ortaoyunu (Middle show) is The Turkish
532:
453:Relevant discussion may be found on the
684:
682:
680:
678:
660:
235:
228:
221:
214:
207:
196:
189:
29:
7:
2787:
2785:
2730:
2728:
1908:
1896:
694:Turkish Studies Association Bulletin
621:Following the establishment of the
617:A stage of State Theatres in Ankara
2801:. You can help Knowledge (XXG) by
2748:. You can help Knowledge (XXG) by
14:
457:. Please help Knowledge (XXG) by
2789:
2732:
2326:
2317:
2316:
1919:
1907:
1895:
1884:
1883:
1871:
1275:Court of Jurisdictional Disputes
761:
434:
385:
39:
1920:
449:of non-free copyrighted sources
2284:British Indian Ocean Territory
1:
1766:Intangible cultural heritage
1112:Southeastern Anatolia Region
944:Proclamation of the republic
669:"Geleneksel Türk Ti̇yatrosu"
1037:Ancient peoples of Anatolia
720:"State Theaters Activities"
79:Ancient peoples of Anatolia
2879:
2784:
2727:
868:Conquest of Constantinople
2312:
1867:
1375:The constitutional system
907:Second Constitutional Era
892:Decline and modernization
576:Western theater tradition
545:Storytellers are called “
2033:East Timor (Timor-Leste)
1358:Ministry of the Interior
1343:Administrative divisions
902:First Constitutional Era
2294:Cocos (Keeling) Islands
1305:Parliamentary elections
1107:Eastern Anatolia Region
1102:Central Anatolia Region
784:Ancient and Middle Ages
627:A state theatre company
2744:-related article is a
2421:Bosnia and Herzegovina
1476:Science and technology
1310:Presidential elections
791:Prehistory of Anatolia
644:Istanbul City Theatres
639:Turkish State Theatres
618:
538:
459:rewriting this article
131:Constitutional history
2863:Turkish culture stubs
1471:Free trade agreements
1353:Intelligence Services
1150:North Anatolian Fault
616:
536:
2208:United Arab Emirates
1855:World heritage sites
1380:Turkish Armed Forces
1265:Constitutional Court
1179:Flora and vegetation
1157:Environmental issues
1145:East Anatolian Fault
1092:Mediterranean Region
461:with your own words.
340:World Heritage Sites
2637:States with limited
2235:limited recognition
1424:Banking and Finance
1042:History of Anatolia
939:War of Independence
931:Republic of Türkiye
828:Battle of Manzikert
320:Olympic appearances
249:and performing arts
84:History of Anatolia
1481:Telecommunications
1270:Court of Cassation
971:Multi-party period
880:Ottoman Old Regime
801:Byzantine Anatolia
796:Classical Anatolia
700:(2): 20–31. 1983.
623:Republic of Turkey
619:
539:
503:Theatre traditions
447:close paraphrasing
126:Diplomatic history
2853:Theatre of Turkey
2810:
2809:
2757:
2756:
2722:
2721:
2373:Theatre of Europe
2340:
2339:
2277:other territories
1935:
1934:
1863:
1862:
1405:
1404:
1348:Foreign relations
1322:Political parties
1222:
1221:
1055:
1054:
1047:History of Thrace
949:Atatürk's reforms
840:Anatolian beyliks
690:"Turkish Theatre"
649:Culture of Turkey
600:Italo-Turkish War
595:Ahmed Vefik Pasha
561:comedia dell'arte
487:
486:
479:
428:
427:
392:Turkey portal
89:History of Thrace
32:Culture of Turkey
2870:
2831:
2824:
2817:
2793:
2786:
2778:
2771:
2764:
2736:
2729:
2675:Dependencies and
2379:Sovereign states
2367:
2360:
2353:
2344:
2330:
2320:
2319:
2289:Christmas Island
1975:Sovereign states
1962:
1955:
1948:
1939:
1923:
1922:
1911:
1910:
1899:
1898:
1887:
1886:
1875:
1680:
1565:Cities and towns
1546:Turkish language
1501:Turkish Airlines
1317:Electoral system
1280:Council of State
1233:
1167:Waste management
1097:Black Sea Region
1075:
1066:
1020:Turkic migration
966:One-party period
835:Sultanate of Rum
781:
766:
765:
754:
747:
740:
731:
724:
723:
716:
710:
709:
686:
673:
672:
665:
482:
475:
471:
468:
462:
438:
437:
430:
420:
413:
406:
390:
389:
388:
136:Cultural history
121:Military history
116:Economic history
62:Turkic migration
43:
34:
18:
2878:
2877:
2873:
2872:
2871:
2869:
2868:
2867:
2838:
2837:
2836:
2835:
2783:
2782:
2725:
2723:
2718:
2676:
2670:
2656:Northern Cyprus
2638:
2632:
2553:North Macedonia
2374:
2371:
2341:
2336:
2308:
2276:
2267:
2248:Northern Cyprus
2234:
2227:
1969:
1968:Theatre of Asia
1966:
1936:
1931:
1859:
1678:
1674:Women in Turkey
1642:Law enforcement
1596:
1592:Life expectancy
1558:Islam in Turkey
1512:
1401:
1363:National Police
1331:
1286:
1218:
1209:Turkish Riviera
1116:
1073:
1072:
1051:
1008:
975:
954:Language reform
925:
844:
805:
770:
760:
758:
728:
727:
718:
717:
713:
688:
687:
676:
667:
666:
662:
657:
635:
578:
569:
537:Karagöz figures
531:
529:Popular theater
510:
505:
490:Turkish theatre
483:
472:
466:
463:
452:
439:
435:
424:
386:
384:
377:
376:
367:National anthem
357:
356:
345:
344:
335:
334:
325:
324:
305:
304:
293:
292:
273:
272:
261:
260:
251:
250:
185:
184:
165:
164:
153:
152:
151:
150:
141:Genetic history
55:
54:
30:
12:
11:
5:
2876:
2874:
2866:
2865:
2860:
2855:
2850:
2840:
2839:
2834:
2833:
2826:
2819:
2811:
2808:
2807:
2794:
2781:
2780:
2773:
2766:
2758:
2755:
2754:
2737:
2720:
2719:
2717:
2716:
2711:
2706:
2701:
2696:
2691:
2686:
2680:
2678:
2677:other entities
2672:
2671:
2669:
2668:
2663:
2658:
2653:
2648:
2642:
2640:
2634:
2633:
2631:
2630:
2628:United Kingdom
2625:
2620:
2615:
2610:
2605:
2600:
2595:
2590:
2585:
2580:
2575:
2570:
2565:
2560:
2555:
2550:
2545:
2540:
2535:
2530:
2525:
2520:
2515:
2510:
2505:
2500:
2495:
2493:
2488:
2483:
2478:
2473:
2468:
2463:
2458:
2453:
2448:
2443:
2441:Czech Republic
2438:
2433:
2428:
2423:
2418:
2413:
2408:
2403:
2398:
2393:
2388:
2382:
2380:
2376:
2375:
2372:
2370:
2369:
2362:
2355:
2347:
2338:
2337:
2335:
2334:
2324:
2313:
2310:
2309:
2307:
2306:
2301:
2296:
2291:
2286:
2280:
2278:
2269:
2268:
2266:
2265:
2260:
2255:
2250:
2245:
2239:
2237:
2229:
2228:
2226:
2225:
2220:
2215:
2210:
2205:
2200:
2195:
2190:
2185:
2180:
2175:
2170:
2165:
2160:
2155:
2150:
2145:
2140:
2135:
2130:
2125:
2120:
2115:
2110:
2105:
2100:
2095:
2090:
2085:
2080:
2075:
2070:
2065:
2060:
2055:
2050:
2045:
2040:
2035:
2030:
2025:
2020:
2015:
2010:
2005:
2000:
1995:
1990:
1985:
1979:
1977:
1971:
1970:
1967:
1965:
1964:
1957:
1950:
1942:
1933:
1932:
1930:
1929:
1917:
1905:
1893:
1881:
1868:
1865:
1864:
1861:
1860:
1858:
1857:
1852:
1847:
1842:
1837:
1832:
1831:
1830:
1820:
1815:
1810:
1805:
1800:
1795:
1794:
1793:
1791:Radio stations
1788:
1783:
1773:
1768:
1763:
1758:
1753:
1748:
1743:
1738:
1737:
1736:
1726:
1721:
1716:
1711:
1710:
1709:
1704:
1694:
1688:
1686:
1677:
1676:
1671:
1666:
1661:
1660:
1659:
1654:
1649:
1639:
1634:
1633:
1632:
1622:
1617:
1616:
1615:
1604:
1602:
1598:
1597:
1595:
1594:
1589:
1584:
1583:
1582:
1577:
1572:
1562:
1561:
1560:
1550:
1549:
1548:
1538:
1533:
1528:
1526:Turkish people
1522:
1520:
1514:
1513:
1511:
1510:
1509:
1508:
1503:
1498:
1491:Transportation
1488:
1483:
1478:
1473:
1468:
1467:
1466:
1461:
1456:
1451:
1441:
1436:
1431:
1426:
1421:
1415:
1413:
1407:
1406:
1403:
1402:
1400:
1399:
1398:
1397:
1392:
1387:
1377:
1372:
1371:
1370:
1365:
1355:
1350:
1345:
1339:
1337:
1333:
1332:
1330:
1329:
1324:
1319:
1314:
1313:
1312:
1307:
1296:
1294:
1288:
1287:
1285:
1284:
1283:
1282:
1277:
1272:
1267:
1257:
1256:
1255:
1245:
1239:
1237:
1230:
1224:
1223:
1220:
1219:
1217:
1216:
1211:
1206:
1201:
1199:National parks
1196:
1191:
1186:
1181:
1176:
1171:
1170:
1169:
1164:
1154:
1153:
1152:
1147:
1137:
1136:
1135:
1133:Climate change
1124:
1122:
1118:
1117:
1115:
1114:
1109:
1104:
1099:
1094:
1089:
1084:
1082:Marmara Region
1078:
1076:
1074:(west to east)
1063:
1057:
1056:
1053:
1052:
1050:
1049:
1044:
1039:
1034:
1029:
1028:
1027:
1016:
1014:
1010:
1009:
1007:
1006:
1001:
1000:
999:
989:
987:Constitutional
983:
981:
977:
976:
974:
973:
968:
963:
962:
961:
956:
946:
941:
935:
933:
927:
926:
924:
923:
922:
921:
911:
910:
909:
904:
899:
889:
888:
887:
877:
875:Transformation
872:
871:
870:
860:
854:
852:
850:Ottoman Empire
846:
845:
843:
842:
837:
832:
831:
830:
819:
817:
807:
806:
804:
803:
798:
793:
787:
785:
778:
772:
771:
759:
757:
756:
749:
742:
734:
726:
725:
711:
674:
659:
658:
656:
653:
652:
651:
646:
641:
634:
631:
577:
574:
568:
565:
530:
527:
509:
506:
504:
501:
485:
484:
442:
440:
433:
426:
425:
423:
422:
415:
408:
400:
397:
396:
395:
394:
379:
378:
375:
374:
369:
364:
358:
352:
351:
350:
347:
346:
343:
342:
336:
332:
331:
330:
327:
326:
323:
322:
317:
312:
306:
300:
299:
298:
295:
294:
291:
290:
285:
280:
274:
268:
267:
266:
263:
262:
259:
258:
252:
245:
244:
243:
240:
239:
233:
232:
226:
225:
219:
218:
212:
211:
205:
204:
194:
193:
187:
186:
183:
182:
177:
172:
170:Turkish people
166:
160:
159:
158:
155:
154:
149:
148:
143:
138:
133:
128:
123:
118:
113:
112:
111:
106:
101:
91:
86:
81:
76:
71:
70:
69:
58:
57:
56:
50:
49:
48:
45:
44:
36:
35:
27:
26:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
2875:
2864:
2861:
2859:
2858:Theatre stubs
2856:
2854:
2851:
2849:
2846:
2845:
2843:
2832:
2827:
2825:
2820:
2818:
2813:
2812:
2806:
2804:
2800:
2795:
2792:
2788:
2779:
2774:
2772:
2767:
2765:
2760:
2759:
2753:
2751:
2747:
2743:
2738:
2735:
2731:
2726:
2715:
2712:
2710:
2707:
2705:
2702:
2700:
2697:
2695:
2692:
2690:
2689:Faroe Islands
2687:
2685:
2682:
2681:
2679:
2673:
2667:
2664:
2662:
2661:South Ossetia
2659:
2657:
2654:
2652:
2649:
2647:
2644:
2643:
2641:
2635:
2629:
2626:
2624:
2621:
2619:
2616:
2614:
2611:
2609:
2606:
2604:
2601:
2599:
2596:
2594:
2591:
2589:
2586:
2584:
2581:
2579:
2576:
2574:
2571:
2569:
2566:
2564:
2561:
2559:
2556:
2554:
2551:
2549:
2546:
2544:
2541:
2539:
2536:
2534:
2531:
2529:
2526:
2524:
2521:
2519:
2516:
2514:
2513:Liechtenstein
2511:
2509:
2506:
2504:
2501:
2499:
2496:
2494:
2492:
2489:
2487:
2484:
2482:
2479:
2477:
2474:
2472:
2469:
2467:
2464:
2462:
2459:
2457:
2454:
2452:
2449:
2447:
2444:
2442:
2439:
2437:
2434:
2432:
2429:
2427:
2424:
2422:
2419:
2417:
2414:
2412:
2409:
2407:
2404:
2402:
2399:
2397:
2394:
2392:
2389:
2387:
2384:
2383:
2381:
2377:
2368:
2363:
2361:
2356:
2354:
2349:
2348:
2345:
2333:
2329:
2325:
2323:
2315:
2314:
2311:
2305:
2302:
2300:
2297:
2295:
2292:
2290:
2287:
2285:
2282:
2281:
2279:
2274:
2270:
2264:
2261:
2259:
2258:South Ossetia
2256:
2254:
2251:
2249:
2246:
2244:
2241:
2240:
2238:
2236:
2230:
2224:
2221:
2219:
2216:
2214:
2211:
2209:
2206:
2204:
2201:
2199:
2196:
2194:
2191:
2189:
2186:
2184:
2181:
2179:
2176:
2174:
2171:
2169:
2166:
2164:
2161:
2159:
2156:
2154:
2151:
2149:
2146:
2144:
2141:
2139:
2136:
2134:
2131:
2129:
2126:
2124:
2121:
2119:
2116:
2114:
2111:
2109:
2106:
2104:
2101:
2099:
2096:
2094:
2091:
2089:
2086:
2084:
2081:
2079:
2076:
2074:
2071:
2069:
2066:
2064:
2061:
2059:
2056:
2054:
2051:
2049:
2046:
2044:
2041:
2039:
2036:
2034:
2031:
2029:
2026:
2024:
2021:
2019:
2016:
2014:
2011:
2009:
2006:
2004:
2001:
1999:
1996:
1994:
1991:
1989:
1986:
1984:
1981:
1980:
1978:
1976:
1972:
1963:
1958:
1956:
1951:
1949:
1944:
1943:
1940:
1928:
1927:
1918:
1916:
1915:
1906:
1904:
1903:
1894:
1892:
1891:
1882:
1880:
1879:
1874:
1870:
1869:
1866:
1856:
1853:
1851:
1848:
1846:
1843:
1841:
1838:
1836:
1833:
1829:
1826:
1825:
1824:
1821:
1819:
1816:
1814:
1811:
1809:
1806:
1804:
1801:
1799:
1796:
1792:
1789:
1787:
1784:
1782:
1779:
1778:
1777:
1774:
1772:
1769:
1767:
1764:
1762:
1759:
1757:
1754:
1752:
1749:
1747:
1744:
1742:
1739:
1735:
1732:
1731:
1730:
1727:
1725:
1722:
1720:
1717:
1715:
1712:
1708:
1705:
1703:
1700:
1699:
1698:
1695:
1693:
1690:
1689:
1687:
1685:
1681:
1675:
1672:
1670:
1667:
1665:
1662:
1658:
1655:
1653:
1650:
1648:
1645:
1644:
1643:
1640:
1638:
1635:
1631:
1628:
1627:
1626:
1623:
1621:
1618:
1614:
1611:
1610:
1609:
1606:
1605:
1603:
1599:
1593:
1590:
1588:
1585:
1581:
1578:
1576:
1573:
1571:
1568:
1567:
1566:
1563:
1559:
1556:
1555:
1554:
1551:
1547:
1544:
1543:
1542:
1539:
1537:
1534:
1532:
1529:
1527:
1524:
1523:
1521:
1519:
1515:
1507:
1504:
1502:
1499:
1497:
1494:
1493:
1492:
1489:
1487:
1484:
1482:
1479:
1477:
1474:
1472:
1469:
1465:
1462:
1460:
1457:
1455:
1452:
1450:
1447:
1446:
1445:
1442:
1440:
1437:
1435:
1432:
1430:
1427:
1425:
1422:
1420:
1417:
1416:
1414:
1412:
1408:
1396:
1393:
1391:
1388:
1386:
1383:
1382:
1381:
1378:
1376:
1373:
1369:
1366:
1364:
1361:
1360:
1359:
1356:
1354:
1351:
1349:
1346:
1344:
1341:
1340:
1338:
1334:
1328:
1325:
1323:
1320:
1318:
1315:
1311:
1308:
1306:
1303:
1302:
1301:
1298:
1297:
1295:
1293:
1289:
1281:
1278:
1276:
1273:
1271:
1268:
1266:
1263:
1262:
1261:
1258:
1254:
1251:
1250:
1249:
1246:
1244:
1241:
1240:
1238:
1234:
1231:
1229:
1225:
1215:
1212:
1210:
1207:
1205:
1202:
1200:
1197:
1195:
1192:
1190:
1187:
1185:
1182:
1180:
1177:
1175:
1172:
1168:
1165:
1163:
1162:Air pollution
1160:
1159:
1158:
1155:
1151:
1148:
1146:
1143:
1142:
1141:
1138:
1134:
1131:
1130:
1129:
1126:
1125:
1123:
1119:
1113:
1110:
1108:
1105:
1103:
1100:
1098:
1095:
1093:
1090:
1088:
1087:Aegean Region
1085:
1083:
1080:
1079:
1077:
1071:
1067:
1064:
1062:
1058:
1048:
1045:
1043:
1040:
1038:
1035:
1033:
1032:Turkification
1030:
1026:
1023:
1022:
1021:
1018:
1017:
1015:
1011:
1005:
1002:
998:
995:
994:
993:
990:
988:
985:
984:
982:
978:
972:
969:
967:
964:
960:
957:
955:
952:
951:
950:
947:
945:
942:
940:
937:
936:
934:
932:
928:
920:
917:
916:
915:
912:
908:
905:
903:
900:
898:
895:
894:
893:
890:
886:
883:
882:
881:
878:
876:
873:
869:
866:
865:
864:
863:Classical Age
861:
859:
856:
855:
853:
851:
847:
841:
838:
836:
833:
829:
826:
825:
824:
823:Seljuk Empire
821:
820:
818:
816:
812:
808:
802:
799:
797:
794:
792:
789:
788:
786:
782:
779:
777:
773:
769:
764:
755:
750:
748:
743:
741:
736:
735:
732:
721:
715:
712:
707:
703:
699:
695:
691:
685:
683:
681:
679:
675:
670:
664:
661:
654:
650:
647:
645:
642:
640:
637:
636:
632:
630:
628:
624:
615:
611:
609:
605:
601:
596:
592:
586:
584:
575:
573:
567:Court theater
566:
564:
562:
557:
555:
550:
548:
543:
535:
528:
526:
523:
519:
515:
507:
502:
500:
497:
495:
491:
481:
478:
470:
460:
456:
450:
448:
443:This article
441:
432:
431:
421:
416:
414:
409:
407:
402:
401:
399:
398:
393:
383:
382:
381:
380:
373:
370:
368:
365:
363:
360:
359:
355:
349:
348:
341:
338:
337:
329:
328:
321:
318:
316:
315:Oil wrestling
313:
311:
308:
307:
303:
297:
296:
289:
286:
284:
281:
279:
276:
275:
271:
265:
264:
257:
254:
253:
248:
242:
241:
238:
234:
231:
227:
224:
220:
217:
213:
210:
206:
203:
199:
195:
192:
188:
181:
178:
176:
173:
171:
168:
167:
163:
157:
156:
147:
144:
142:
139:
137:
134:
132:
129:
127:
124:
122:
119:
117:
114:
110:
107:
105:
102:
100:
97:
96:
95:
92:
90:
87:
85:
82:
80:
77:
75:
74:Turkification
72:
68:
65:
64:
63:
60:
59:
53:
47:
46:
42:
38:
37:
33:
28:
24:
20:
19:
16:
2803:expanding it
2796:
2750:expanding it
2739:
2724:
2666:Transnistria
2617:
2273:Dependencies
2203:Turkmenistan
2197:
2168:Saudi Arabia
1924:
1912:
1900:
1888:
1876:
1834:
1761:Illumination
1697:Architecture
1625:Human rights
1613:Universities
1531:Ethnic Kurds
1518:Demographics
1429:Construction
714:
697:
693:
663:
620:
587:
579:
570:
558:
551:
544:
540:
511:
508:Folk theater
498:
489:
488:
473:
464:
444:
255:
175:Ethnic Kurds
146:LGBT history
104:Christianity
15:
2848:Asian drama
2704:Isle of Man
2639:recognition
2613:Switzerland
2548:Netherlands
2332:Asia portal
2233:States with
2153:Philippines
2093:South Korea
2088:North Korea
1983:Afghanistan
1914:WikiProject
1845:Video games
1637:Individuals
1630:LGBT rights
1620:Health care
1587:Immigration
1368:Gendarmerie
1327:Referendums
1243:Legislative
1140:Earthquakes
1025:Oghuz Turks
914:Dissolution
608:World War I
604:Balkan Wars
514:Ural-Altaic
467:August 2024
67:Oghuz Turks
2842:Categories
2583:San Marino
2543:Montenegro
2523:Luxembourg
2503:Kazakhstan
2406:Azerbaijan
2213:Uzbekistan
2188:Tajikistan
2103:Kyrgyzstan
2083:Kazakhstan
2003:Bangladesh
1993:Azerbaijan
1786:Newspapers
1771:Literature
1751:Folk dance
1652:Corruption
1536:Minorities
1464:Renewables
1419:Automotive
1228:Government
959:Secularism
655:References
591:Ziya Pasha
583:Güllü Agop
492:refers to
283:Television
237:Literature
180:Minorities
2694:Gibraltar
2518:Lithuania
2299:Hong Kong
2253:Palestine
2178:Sri Lanka
2173:Singapore
2053:Indonesia
1840:TV series
1798:Miniature
1741:Festivals
1657:Terrorism
1608:Education
1541:Languages
1385:Air Force
1300:Elections
1248:Executive
1194:Mountains
1061:Geography
980:Overviews
919:Partition
885:Tulip era
455:talk page
445:contains
333:Monuments
216:Festivals
198:Mythology
191:Languages
2714:Svalbard
2699:Guernsey
2646:Abkhazia
2598:Slovenia
2593:Slovakia
2568:Portugal
2426:Bulgaria
2322:Category
2243:Abkhazia
2193:Thailand
2148:Pakistan
2128:Mongolia
2123:Maldives
2118:Malaysia
2018:Cambodia
1890:Category
1828:Football
1813:Painting
1756:Folklore
1664:Marriage
1570:Istanbul
1553:Religion
1506:Railways
1496:Aviation
1434:Currency
1292:Politics
1260:Judicial
1236:Branches
1214:Wildlife
1004:Military
992:Economic
897:Tanzimat
706:43385121
633:See also
310:Football
223:Religion
202:folklore
94:Religion
23:a series
21:Part of
2742:theatre
2623:Ukraine
2573:Romania
2533:Moldova
2491:Ireland
2486:Iceland
2481:Hungary
2471:Germany
2466:Georgia
2456:Finland
2451:Estonia
2446:Denmark
2431:Croatia
2416:Belgium
2411:Belarus
2401:Austria
2396:Armenia
2391:Andorra
2386:Albania
2218:Vietnam
2133:Myanmar
2113:Lebanon
2043:Georgia
1998:Bahrain
1988:Armenia
1926:Outline
1902:Commons
1835:Theater
1818:Pottery
1734:Ottoman
1729:Cuisine
1707:Ottoman
1684:Culture
1669:Poverty
1601:Society
1486:Tourism
1439:Defense
1411:Economy
1253:Cabinet
1184:Geology
1128:Climate
1070:Regions
997:Ottoman
815:Beyliks
811:Seljuks
776:History
554:Karagöz
518:Phrygia
494:theater
372:Emblems
354:Symbols
256:Theatre
209:Cuisine
109:Judaism
52:History
2709:Jersey
2651:Kosovo
2618:Turkey
2608:Sweden
2588:Serbia
2578:Russia
2563:Poland
2558:Norway
2538:Monaco
2508:Latvia
2476:Greece
2461:France
2436:Cyprus
2263:Taiwan
2198:Turkey
2163:Russia
2098:Kuwait
2078:Jordan
2068:Israel
2028:Cyprus
2013:Brunei
2008:Bhutan
1878:Portal
1823:Sports
1724:Cinema
1719:Carpet
1702:Seljuk
1692:Anthem
1575:Ankara
1444:Energy
1336:Topics
1204:Rivers
1121:Topics
1013:Topics
768:Turkey
704:
606:, and
547:meddah
522:Hitite
288:Cinema
162:People
25:on the
2740:This
2684:Åland
2603:Spain
2528:Malta
2498:Italy
2304:Macau
2223:Yemen
2183:Syria
2158:Qatar
2138:Nepal
2073:Japan
2048:India
2038:Egypt
2023:China
1808:Names
1803:Music
1776:Media
1647:Crime
1580:İzmir
1189:Lakes
1174:Fauna
702:JSTOR
302:Sport
278:Radio
270:Media
247:Music
99:Islam
2799:stub
2746:stub
2143:Oman
2108:Laos
2063:Iraq
2058:Iran
1850:Wine
1746:Flag
1449:Coal
1395:Navy
1390:Land
858:Rise
813:and
593:and
362:Flag
200:and
2275:and
1714:Art
1459:Oil
1454:Gas
520:or
230:Art
2844::
1781:TV
696:.
692:.
677:^
610:.
602:,
2830:e
2823:t
2816:v
2805:.
2777:e
2770:t
2763:v
2752:.
2366:e
2359:t
2352:v
1961:e
1954:t
1947:v
753:e
746:t
739:v
722:.
708:.
698:7
671:.
581:(
480:)
474:(
469:)
465:(
451:.
419:e
412:t
405:v
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
