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Theremin

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621:, resonating with the parallel combination of the antenna's intrinsic capacitance and the capacitance of the player's hand in proximity to the antenna. This series tuned circuit is then connected in parallel with the parallel tuned circuit of the variable pitch oscillator. With the antenna circuit disconnected, the oscillator is tuned to a frequency slightly higher than the stand alone resonant frequency of the antenna circuit. At that frequency, the antenna and its linearisation coil present an inductive impedance; and when connected, behaves as an inductor in parallel with the oscillator. Thus, connecting the antenna and linearising coil raises the oscillation frequency. Close to the resonant frequency of the antenna circuit, the effective inductance is small, and the effect on the oscillator is greatest; farther from it, the effective inductance is larger, and fractional change on the oscillator is reduced. 734: 379: 119: 556: 1458: 625:
tank circuit is at its minimum and the oscillation frequency is at its maximum. The steepening rate of change of shunt impedance with hand position compensates for the reduced influence of the hand being further away. With careful tuning, a near linear region of pitch field can be created over the central two or three octaves of operation. Using optimized pitch field linearisation, circuits can be made where a change in
52: 476: 614:, which is part of the oscillator and determines its frequency. In the simplest designs, the antenna is directly coupled to the tuned circuit of the oscillator and the 'pitch field', that is the change of note with distance, is highly nonlinear, as the capacitance change with distance is far greater near the antenna. In such systems, when the antenna is removed, the oscillator moves up in frequency. 669: 4005: 2328:"Ionisation: Thomas Arne, Ludwig van Beethoven, Edward Elgar, Anis Fuleihan, Edgard Varese, Arturo Toscanini, Henry J. Wood, Jean Sibelius, Leopold Stokowski, Nicolas Slonimsky, Wilhelm Furtwängler, BBC Symphony Orchestra, London Symphony Orchestra, New York Symphony Orchestra, Vienna Philharmonic Orchestra, Clara Rockmore: Music" 1562:, also invented by Theremin, consisted of a platform fitted with space-controlling antennas, through and around which a dancer would control the musical performance. By most accounts, the instrument was nearly impossible to control. Of the three instruments built, only the last one, made in 1978 for Lydia Kavina, survives today. 495:, began building theremins in the 1950s, while he was a high-school student. Moog subsequently published a number of articles about building theremins, and sold theremin kits that were intended to be assembled by the customer. Moog credited what he learned from the experience as leading directly to his groundbreaking 491:, the theremin soon fell into disuse with serious musicians, mainly because newer electronic instruments were introduced that were easier to play. However, a niche interest in the theremin persisted, mostly among electronics enthusiasts and kit-building hobbyists. One of these electronics enthusiasts, 659:
Modern circuit designs often simplify this circuit and avoid the complexity of two heterodyne oscillators by having a single pitch oscillator, akin to the original theremin's volume circuit. This approach is usually less stable and cannot generate the low frequencies that a heterodyne oscillator can.
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To control volume, the performer's other hand acts as the grounded plate of another variable capacitor. As in the tone circuit, the distance between the performer's hand and the volume control antenna determines the capacitance and hence natural resonant frequency of an LC circuit inductively coupled
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is a digital offspring of theremin and touchless ribbon controller and based on distance sensing of permanent magnets. An array of linear Hall-effect sensors, each acting as an individual theremin in a changing magnetic field, responds to multiple moving neodymium magnets worn on fingers and forms a
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When the hand is distant from the antenna, the resonant frequency of the antenna series circuit is at its highest; i.e., it is closest to the free running frequency of the oscillator, and small changes in antenna capacitance have greatest effect. Under this condition, the effective inductance in the
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in 1993, the instrument has enjoyed a resurgence in interest and has become more widely used by contemporary musicians. Even though many theremin sounds can be approximated on many modern synthesizers, some musicians continue to appreciate the expressiveness, novelty, and uniqueness of using an
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played a theremin during his performance of Bill Bailey's Remarkable Guide to the Orchestra at the Royal Albert Hall, which has subsequently been televised. He had previously also written an article, presented a radio show and incorporated the theremin in some of his televised comedy
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of the output, not being a pure tone, was an important feature of the theremin. Theremin's original design included audio frequency series/parallel LC formant filters as well as a 3-winding variable-saturation transformer to control or induce harmonics in the audio output.
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to another fixed LC oscillator circuit operating at a slightly higher resonant frequency. When a hand approaches the antenna, the natural frequency of that circuit is lowered by the extra capacitance, which detunes the oscillator and lowers its resonant plate current.
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Important in theremin articulation is the use of the volume control antenna. Unlike touched instruments, where simply halting play or damping a resonator in the traditional sense silences the instrument, the thereminist must "play the rests, as well as the notes", as
572:. The distance from one antenna determines frequency (pitch), and the distance from the other controls amplitude (volume). Higher notes are played by moving the hand closer to the pitch antenna. Louder notes are played by moving the hand away from the volume antenna. 563:
The theremin is distinguished among musical instruments in that it is played without physical contact. The thereminist stands in front of the instrument and moves their hands in the proximity of two metal antennas. While commonly called antennas, they are not used as
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Most frequently, the right hand controls the pitch and the left controls the volume, although some performers reverse this arrangement. Some low-cost theremins use a conventional, knob-operated volume control and have only the pitch antenna.
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In 2019 in Kobu, Japan, the Matryomin ensemble, a group of 289 theremin players that included Natasha Theremin, Masha Theremin and Peter Theremin, the daughter, granddaughter and great-grandson of the inventor, achieved a
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to minimize radio interference. One oscillator operates at a fixed frequency. The frequency of the other oscillator is almost identical, and is controlled by the performer's distance from the pitch control antenna.
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Portner, Hanspeter (2014-07-30). "CHIMAERA – The Poly-Magneto-Phonic Theremin – An Expressive Touch-Less Hall-Effect Sensor Array". In Baptiste Caramiaux; Koray Tahiroglu; Rebecca Fiebrink; Atau Tanaka (eds.).
358:); for example, Mano Divina Giannone is a popular American thereminist who along with his orchestra, The Divine Hand Ensemble, regularly holds said concerts. It is also used in popular music genres, such as 1627:
kHz so that its local oscillator may produce the beat with radio set #2. The operator's hand movement around the bar antenna of radio set #3 may affect the local oscillator to produce tonal change.
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The mixer produces the audio-range difference between the frequencies of the two oscillators at each moment, which is the tone that is then wave shaped and amplified and sent to a loudspeaker.
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Fuzz Probe, Wah Probe and Tremolo Probe, using a theremin to control said effects. The Fuzz Probe can be used as a theremin, as it can through feedback oscillation create tones of any pitch.
955:"—though it does not technically contain a theremin—is the most frequently cited example of the instrument in pop music. The song actually features a similar-sounding instrument invented by 2211: 439:
was also taken with the theremin and together with her husband Walter Bigelow Rosen provided both financial and artistic support to the development and popularisation of the instrument.
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suggested he had fled to escape crushing personal debts, and was then caught up in Stalin's political purges. In any case, Theremin did not return to the United States until 1991.
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by Percussa are light emitting smart blocks that have four sensors on each side (optical theremin). The sensors measure the distance to your hands to control an effect or sound.
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use a fixed arm position per octave, and use fixed positions of the fingers to create the notes within the octave, allowing very fast transitions between adjacent notes.
2529: 1011:" throughout the performance history of Led Zeppelin, an extended multi-instrumental solo featuring theremin and bowed guitar in 1977, as well as the soundtrack for 137: 2970: 2832: 1083:, who is credited as playing the instrument; on the songs "Half Day Closing", "Humming", "The Rip", and "Machine Gun" he has actually used a custom-made theremin. 4360: 368: 4152: 424:, a well-known thereminist, toured to wide acclaim, performing a classical repertoire in concert halls around the United States, often sharing the bill with 1367:
American hamburger restaurant chain introduced a television advertisement centered around a live theremin performance by musician Jon Bernhardt of the band
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Maverick composer Percy Grainger chose to use ensembles of four or six theremins (in preference to a string quartet) for his two earliest experimental
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In 1938, Theremin left the United States, though the circumstances related to his departure are in dispute. Many accounts claim he was taken from his
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The Lothars are a Boston-area band formed in early 1997 whose CDs have featured as many as four theremins played at once – a first for pop music.
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effect. To produce distinct notes requires a pecking action with the volume hand to mute the volume while the pitch hand moves between positions.
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completed the composition "Equatorial" for two theremin cellos and percussion in 1934. His work was a stated influence throughout the career of
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The theremin's singular operation method has been praised for providing an accessible route to music-making for people with disabilities.
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were the first rock band known to perform live with a theremin in November 1965. In fact, Lothar was the name they gave to their
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If the pitch hand is moved between notes, without first lowering the volume hand, the result is a "swooping" sound akin to a
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interface can be added to the Open Theremin, enabling a player to use their theremin to control different instrument sounds.
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broadcast dispatched from the Evpatoria deep-space communications complex in Crimea, and was sent seven years before NASA's
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They were played in succession six times over the span of three days from August–September 2001 during the transmission of
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plate current of the oscillator is picked up by another winding and used to power the filament of another diode-connected
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Although volume technique is less developed than pitch technique, some thereminists have worked to extend it, especially
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controlled without physical contact by the performer (who is known as a thereminist). It is named after its inventor,
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described the sound of the theremin as " cello lost in a dense fog, crying because it does not know how to get home."
4482: 1904: 405:. The instrument was invented in October 1920 by the Russian physicist Lev Sergeyevich Termen, known in the West as 4822: 3250: 1922: 1762: 1652: 938: 772: 2129: 4540: 4251: 3908: 1364: 464:
laboratory prison camp at Magadan, Siberia. He reappeared 30 years later. In his 2000 biography of the inventor,
429: 417: 4122: 4019: 3893: 2284:"Barbara Buchholz / Lydia Kavina / Kammerensemble Neue Musik Berlin – Touch! Don't Touch! – Works For Theremin" 1339: 1311: 1303: 1206: 788: 1608:), composed of three independent radio sets. Radio set #1 is to listen and to record the signal at around 1600 660:
Better designs (e.g., Moog, Theremax) may use two pairs of heterodyne oscillators, for both pitch and volume.
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To partly linearise the pitch field, the antenna may be wired in series with an inductor to form a series
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Block diagram of a theremin. Volume control in blue, pitch control in yellow and audio output in red.
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Hayward, Philip (December 1997). "Danger! Retro-Affectivity!: The Cultural Career of the Theremin".
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Taubman demonstrates his Electronde. Stills and a downloadable video at British Pathe news archive
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The instrument's controlling section usually consists of two metal antennas which function not as
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has been described as "one of the most important exponents of classical music on the theremin".
287: 67:: the loop antenna on the left controls the volume while the upright antenna controls the pitch. 2948: 1678:"Revision of the Hornbostel-Sachs Classification of Musical Instruments by the MIMO Consortium" 4832: 4630: 4271: 4142: 3791: 3770: 3743: 3724: 3700: 3675: 2589: 2480: 2382: 1882: 1737: 1328: 1315: 1151: 1072: 1008: 972: 870: 828: 1733: 4711: 4502: 4302: 4266: 4103: 3994: 3931: 3667: 3537:"ONDES MARTENOT **** THOMAS BLOCH – the instrument : videos, pictures, works, facts..." 3498: 3333: 3268: 2733: 2418: 2355: 2189: 2134: 1513: 1452: 1397: 1376: 1343: 1281: 1272: 1137: 1051: 1004: 960: 866: 836: 810: 745: 599: 500: 402: 341: 332: 318: 303: 174: 35: 3383: 2611: 2508: 1630:
The Matryomin by Masami Takeuchi is a single-antenna theremin-type device mounted inside a
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It is the only known example of a theremin performance being the focus of an advertisement.
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compositions (1935–1937) because of the instrument's complete 'gliding' freedom of pitch.
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with each of the thereminist's hands as the other half of the capacitor. These antennas
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collaborations) and has continued, with various degrees of popularity, to the present.
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use a theremin as a replacement for Edda Dell'Orso's vocals in their interpretation of
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A theremin-inspired tune serves as the theme for the Edison family in the NES port of
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Los Angeles–based thereminist Charles Richard Lester is featured on the soundtrack of
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principle to generate an audio signal. The instrument's pitch circuitry includes two
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Proceedings of the International Conference on New Interfaces for Musical Expression
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performances, the instrument found great success in many motion pictures, notably,
1080: 1046: 1042: 1000: 874: 803:'s Concerto for Theremin and Chamber Orchestra "Eight Seasons" (2011), written for 715: 488: 455: 425: 347: 88: 3881: 3809: 3556: 1354:, credits the show as being the first on Broadway to have a theremin in its band. 796: 3785: 3489:
Zaitsev, A. L. (September 2008). "The first musical interstellar radio message".
2683:"Brussels Philharmonic plays Zorn, Zappa, Campo & Constant (Openingsconcert)" 2659: 2406: 2045: 1551:(Sonorous Cross), is based on the theremin. It was developed by Russian composer 135: 4751: 4727: 4723: 4622: 4586: 4571: 4439: 4391: 4312: 4236: 4097: 3989: 3889: 3656:"Theremin in the Press: Instrument remediation and code-instrument transduction" 3518: 2005: 1384: 1217: 1020: 978: 956: 932: 908: 894: 814: 626: 496: 492: 323: 272: 248: 2737: 2714:, Harry Revel, conducted by Les Baxter, Capitol Records Nr. T390, released 1947 2422: 2074: 668: 420:) was not a commercial success, it fascinated audiences in America and abroad. 30:
This article is about the electronic musical instrument. For its inventor, see
4715: 4693: 4660: 4607: 4576: 4552: 4517: 4444: 4429: 4334: 3979: 3671: 3502: 3244: 3049: 2892:(September 17, 1998). "The Lothars revive the spooky sounds of the theremin". 2869: 2726:
Convergence: The International Journal of Research into New Media Technologies
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used a variation of the theremin (pitch antenna only) during performances of "
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The first orchestral composition written for theremin was Andrei Pashchenko's
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project, was developed by Swiss microengineer Urz Gaudenz, using the original
480: 359: 283: 159: 58: 3704: 3679: 3637:. London, United Kingdom: Goldsmiths, University of London. pp. 501–504. 3601: 3356:"'Loki' Director Kate Herron on Shooting New 'Avengers: Endgame'-Era Footage" 1180:, the composer who pioneered the use of the instrument in Hollywood scores), 4650: 4645: 4602: 4563: 4546: 4512: 4494: 4419: 3974: 3688: 2490: 1121: 1105: 689: 569: 460: 268: 256: 252: 240: 3831:
Lydia Kavina, Clara Rockmore (featuring), William Olsen (Director) (1995).
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used a theremin in the band's song "Edison's Medicine" from the 1991 album
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The theremin was the product of Soviet government-sponsored research into
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kHz is to be received by radio set #1. Radio set #3 is also tuned at 1145
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Both theremin instruments and kits are available. The Open Theremin, an
508: 260: 3164: 1919: 1881:. New York City, New York, US: Oxford University Press. pp. 26–33. 150:" played by Italian thereminist Fabio Pesce on a Moog Etherwave theremin 4735: 4454: 3874: 3414: 3391: 3008: 2874: 2327: 697: 568:
for receiving or broadcasting radio waves, but rather act as plates of
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in France, after he saw Lev Theremin demonstrate the theremin in 1924.
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oscillator architecture for a good playing experience, combined with
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Theremins and theremin-like sounds started to be incorporated into
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Although the RCA Thereminvox (released immediately following the
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Strange Sounds: Offbeat Instruments and Sonic Experiments in Pop
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from the original on 2022-01-11 – via www.telegraph.co.uk.
2407:"Danger! Retro-Affectivity! The Cultural Career of the Theremin" 1391:
Charlie Draper plays the theremin in the soundtrack (written by
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actual theremin. The film itself has received positive reviews.
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After a flurry of interest in America following the end of the
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How to play a scale on the theremin | Carolina talks Theremin
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was one of the first to incorporate parts for the theremin in
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Other concert composers who have written for theremin include
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between the performer and the instrument in the order of 0.01
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Analog Days: The Invention and Impact of the Moog Synthesizer
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In October 2008, comedian, musician, and theremin enthusiast
186: 3689:"The Design of a Musical Instrument Based on Cathode Relays" 1426:'s solo theremin is featured on the soundtrack for the 2006 696:. Small flutters of the pitch hand can be used to produce a 180: 117: 3837:(Videotape (VHS) and DVD). Moog Music and Little Big Films. 1532:
The Electronde, invented in 1929 by Martin Taubman, has an
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Leon Theremin demonstrating and playing the theremin, 1920
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1993 interview with Robert Moog posted at RaymondScott.net
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Theremin performer Anton Kershenko and his young pupil at
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the same year that it was used by the Hungarian composer
350:. The theremin is also used in concert music (especially 189: 3310:"Bill Bailey's Weird Science Guardian article, Oct 2004" 2213:Сегодня нужно становиться "человеками эпохи Возрождения" 1216:. The theremin is played and identified as such in the 975:
instruments which would mimic the sound of a theremin.
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to create the electronic tonalities used in the film.
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and premiered with the Brussels Philharmonic in 2018.
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as the largest ensemble of the instrument. The name
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The sound of the instrument is often associated with
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Journal of Communications Technology and Electronics
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Switched On: Bob Moog and the Synthesizer Revolution
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also used the instrument on the group's 1967 albums
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Other notable contemporary theremin players include
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The theremin has been used in movie 2530:"BBC Proms Review: Spaghetti Western Orchestra" 1642:continuous interaction space in two dimensions. 1619:kHz so that its local oscillator of around 1600 247:the relative position of the hands and control 1603: 1595: 1576:by Roland by being able to use the integrated 1279:A theremin was not used for the soundtrack of 1067:] on the track "Mysterons" from the album 4361: 4179: 3916: 2477:A source guide to the music of Percy Grainger 2182:"Good Vibrations: The Story of the Theremin " 1154:). While the theremin was not widely used in 1061:Although credited with a "Thereman" [ 8: 4153:Studio di fonologia musicale di Radio Milano 3616:"Chimaera, the poly-magneto-phonic theremin" 2639:(in Spanish). Diario Uchile. 6 November 2014 2458:. Oxford Music Online. Retrieved 2011-09-21. 927:from the end of the 1940s (with a series of 382:Alexandra Stepanoff playing the theremin on 44: 3687:Theremin, Leon S.; Petrishev, Oleg (1996). 3588:"Super Theremin utilizing three radio sets" 2782: 2770: 2661:Electronic Rhapsody: Theremin and Matryomin 2450:Gillies, Malcolm; Pear, David (2007–2011). 1920:MRQE – Movie Review Query Engine – Theremin 1483:"Egress alone I to the Ride" by E. Shashina 1289:built disposable oscillator circuits and a 799:. Another large-scale theremin concerto is 633:produces a full octave of frequency shift. 4387: 4368: 4354: 4346: 4186: 4172: 4164: 4148:Studio for Electronic Music (WDR, Cologne) 3923: 3909: 3901: 2833:University of Illinois at Urbana–Champaign 2664:. New York: CUNY Academic Works. p. 5 2400: 2398: 2278: 2276: 1838:financially supported Léon Theremin's work 4808:Musical instruments invented in the 1920s 3866:: Theremin Enthusiasts Club International 1463:Eupatoria Deep Space Communication Center 981:also included the theremin on the albums 2479:. White Plains: Pro-Am Music Resources. 1772: 1770: 1758:Leon Theremin playing his own instrument 1690:The London Mercury Vol. XVII No. 99 1928 1089:, keyboardist of the American rock band 3072:"Full cast and crew for Maquinista, El" 2923:"Adrian Utley: Portishead Sound Shaper" 2130:"The untouchable music of the theremin" 1669: 967:. In response to requests by the band, 1374:Celia Sheen plays the theremin in the 157: 43: 3822:Martin, Steven M. (Director) (1995). 3484: 3482: 2758: 2249: 2247: 2245: 2243: 2241: 2239: 1302:and has performed the US premiere of 598:The performer's hand has significant 7: 3183:"L. A. Philharmonic concert details" 3143:Notes about film soundtrack and CD, 2306:"Anis Fuleihan (Composer, Arranger)" 2155:Grimes, William (November 9, 1993). 1544:and a foot pedal for volume control. 1308:Komsomol – Patron of Electrification 1176:(all three of which were written by 831:used the instrument in his concerts 612:L-C (inductance-capacitance) circuit 4689:List of instruments by Harry Partch 3784:Pinch, T. J; Trocco, Frank (2009). 3761:Theremin: Ether Music and Espionage 3405:Holt, Natalie (October 15, 2023). 2795:Metropolitan Museum of Art (2022). 2255:"Lydia Kavina Music from the Ether" 1728:Theremin: Ether Music and Espionage 1508:Russian folk song "Kalinka-Malinka" 854:'s "Once Upon a Time in the West". 466:Theremin: Ether Music and Espionage 239:. Each antenna forms one half of a 228:, who patented the device in 1928. 3810:Clara Rockmore Method for Theremin 3382:Draper, Charlie (June 9, 2021). 3264:"The geek who captured the Castle" 2128:Kurstin, Pamelia (February 2002). 1929:, see also the rare 100% score at 817:, who also composed for theremin. 718:" technique and Rupert Chappelle. 540:. Using a few extra components, a 25: 4128:Philips Natuurkundig Laboratorium 3654:Rosa, Jaime E. Oliver La (2018). 3602:"Mandarin Electronics: Matryomin" 2097:"Theremin Vox – In Clara's Words" 1701:"Theremin | Divine Hand Ensemble" 1516:, an interstellar radio message. 1327:, Clara, the character played by 1321:In Lenny Abrahamson's 2014 film, 1263:The Electrical Life of Louis Wain 971:began producing its own brand of 602:, and thus can be treated as the 4798:Experimental musical instruments 4683:Experimental Musical Instruments 4377:Experimental musical instruments 4003: 3430:"8-Bit Terror: 'Maniac Mansion'" 3060:from the original on 2021-10-31. 1996:Glinsky, Albert Vincent (1992). 173: 158:Problems playing this file? See 133: 50: 4138:San Francisco Tape Music Center 3824:Theremin: An Electronic Odyssey 3740:The Art of Playing the Theremin 3460:Conditt, Jessica (2012-03-08). 3283:McGoogan, Cara (8 March 2016). 2308:. bach-cantatas.com. 2007-06-10 1615:. Radio set #2 is tuned at 1145 1602:) invented by Tomoya Yamamoto ( 1540:control, a handheld switch for 1036:Their Satanic Majesties Request 643:In the earliest theremins, the 517:Theremin: An Electronic Odyssey 263:) with the other. The electric 81:Hornbostel–Sachs classification 4783:Electronic musical instruments 4202:electronic musical instruments 4058:Groupe de Recherches Musicales 3428:Fassel, Preston (2019-12-23). 2921:Miller, Jonathan (June 1995). 2532:. i-flicks.net. Archived from 2257:. Mode Records. Archived from 2073:Vennard, Martin (1929-03-12). 2038:"RCA Theremin circuit diagram" 1471:was the world's first musical 1266:(2021), (last three featuring 990:We're Only in It for the Money 514:Since the release of the film 34:. For the Covenant album, see 1: 2951:. spheremusic.com. 2008-04-01 1195:The Day the Earth Stood Still 897:by its inventor of the words 309:The Day the Earth Stood Still 222:electronic musical instrument 129:Epro theremin in middle range 27:Electronic musical instrument 4788:Continuous pitch instruments 3790:. Harvard University Press. 3767:University of Illinois Press 3354:Davids, Brian (2021-06-09). 3262:Laban, Linda (May 7, 2007). 3185:. Laphil.com. Archived from 3023:Brend, Mark (16 June 2021). 2969:Jarnow, Jesse (2017-08-07). 2908: 2042:Pavek Museum of Broadcasting 1864: 1853:, BBC, h2g2 project, Undated 1813: 1201:The Thing from Another World 672:A robot playing the theremin 63:, assembled from a theremin 4793:Inventions by Léon Theremin 4053:Electronic Music Foundation 3464:. GameDaily. Archived from 3122:. MovieDiva. Archived from 2870:"Tesla - Edison's Medicine" 2381:. Marburg: Büchner-Verlag. 2188:. BBC Radio. Archived from 1477:Across the Universe message 1433:Soul of the Ultimate Nation 1335:Theatre and performing arts 1130: 877:, Dutch classical musician 848:Spaghetti Western Orchestra 479:The components of a modern 354:and 20th- and 21st-century 148:Jesu, Joy of Man's Desiring 4849: 3849:Pamelia Kurstin on Ted.com 3826:(Film and DVD). Orion/MGM. 3308:Bill Bailey (2004-10-18). 3246:White Castle Ad on YouTube 2738:10.1177/135485659700300405 2556:"Pamela Kurstin Biography" 2473:"Chapter 4: Program notes" 2423:10.1177/135485659700300405 2379:Frank Zappa – the Composer 1829:. Thereminvox. May 9, 2007 1653:List of Russian inventions 1502:"Vocalise" by Rachmaninoff 1450: 939:Lothar and the Hand People 418:Stock Market Crash of 1929 394: 200:; originally known as the 29: 4541:Blackpool High Tide Organ 4001: 3880:Moriarty, Philip (2009). 3672:10.1017/S135577181800016X 3503:10.1134/S106422690809012X 2821:A Simple Theremin Project 2658:Nakamura, Kayoko (2018). 2471:Lewis, Thomas P. (1991). 2377:Schröder, Daniel (2017). 2286:. Discogs. 14 August 2006 1604: 1596: 1499:"The Swan" by Saint-Saens 1494:The Four Seasons: Spring, 1141: 1124:, including a use in his 742:Musical Instrument Museum 346:, the latter composed by 49: 4818:1928 in the Soviet Union 4703:Designers of instruments 4123:BBC Radiophonic Workshop 3894:University of Nottingham 3870:theremin Theremin Family 3804:Rockmore, Clara (1998). 3757:Glinsky, Albert (2000). 3742:. Berlin: SERVI Verlag. 3163:cokerbl (21 July 2006). 2612:"Lydia Kavina Biography" 2405:Hayward, Philip (1997). 2212: 2095:Moog, Bob (2002-10-26). 1877:Glinsky, Albert (2022). 1724:Glinsky, Albert (2000). 1580:-sensor like a theremin. 1505:"Summertime" by Gershwin 1312:Los Angeles Philharmonic 4803:Monophonic synthesizers 3738:Eyck, Carolina (2006). 3336:. Bbc.co.uk. 2004-10-21 3100:Internet Movie Database 3076:Internet Movie Database 2783:Pinch & Trocco 2009 2771:Pinch & Trocco 2009 2460:(subscription required) 2024:www.channelroadamps.com 1952:. GaudiLabs. 2018-05-17 1950:"Sound and Oscillators" 1223:The Delicate Delinquent 4435:Long-string instrument 3834:Mastering the Theremin 3693:Leonardo Music Journal 3361:The Hollywood Reporter 3165:"Monster House (2006)" 1465: 1342:, orchestrator of the 1104:performed their song " 1077:monophonic synthesizer 748: 673: 579:The theremin uses the 560: 484: 458:and made to work in a 450:agents (preceding the 432:, Brentford, England. 387: 375: 330:such as the ITV drama 267:from the theremin are 122: 109:1920; patented in 1928 4641:Electroencephalophone 4063:Institute of Sonology 4048:Computer Music Center 3936:electroacoustic music 3468:on September 14, 2009 2712:Music out of the Moon 2586:Vivaldi Metal Project 1855:.Accessed:05-20-2008. 1460: 1451:Further information: 1287:Bebe and Louis Barron 1232:, which was aired on 1095:Madison Square Garden 887:Guinness world record 736: 703:Thereminists such as 671: 664:Performance technique 558: 483:theremin, in kit form 478: 454:), taken back to the 381: 373: 121: 74:Electronic instrument 4257:Instrument amplifier 3765:. Urbana, Illinois: 3719:Brend, Mark (2005). 2847:"Burns Zep Theremin" 1592:three radio theremin 1496:"Allegro" by Vivaldi 1235:The Ed Sullivan Show 1213:The Ten Commandments 1183:The Spiral Staircase 1017:, released in 1982. 791:, Vladimir Komarov, 740:AR-1264 Theremin in 551:Operating principles 4450:Springtime (guitar) 3806:Method for Theremin 2773:, pp. 102–103. 1791:"MMCatalogue (All)" 1705:Singing Electricity 1520:Similar instruments 1118:Dmitri Shostakovich 1102:Simon and Garfunkel 1030:Between the Buttons 965:analog synthesizers 723:Harold C. Schonberg 437:Lucie Bigelow Rosen 255:with one hand, and 46: 4828:Russian inventions 4813:1928 introductions 4636:Electrocardiophone 4613:Singing Tesla coil 3960:Experimental music 3875:Theremin Argentina 3272:. pp. C4, C8. 3216:, August 25, 2014. 3150:2009-09-25 at the 3120:"Forbidden Planet" 2895:Somerville Journal 2890:Pomerantz, Dorothy 2826:2010-08-21 at the 2456:Grove Music Online 2261:on 21 January 2013 1936:2007-12-10 at the 1925:2009-09-18 at the 1907:2016-03-11 at the 1795:The Musical Museum 1486:The finale of the 1466: 1025:the Rolling Stones 879:Thorwald Jørgensen 777:Joseph Schillinger 749: 674: 608:variable capacitor 561: 485: 435:During the 1930s, 388: 376: 245:capacitively sense 123: 4823:Soviet inventions 4770: 4769: 4631:The Walking Piano 4526: 4525: 4343: 4342: 4272:Speaker enclosure 4230:52. Amplification 4161: 4160: 3797:978-0-674-04216-2 3776:978-0-252-02582-2 3749:978-3-933757-08-1 3462:"Ode to Joystick" 3235:, March 11, 2019. 3225:Ruthie Feinberg, 2801:www.metmuseum.org 2785:, pp. 102–3. 2693:on April 10, 2021 2582:"All-Metal-Stars" 2486:978-0-912483-56-6 2452:'Grainger, Percy' 2099:. Thereminvox.com 1743:978-0-252-02582-2 1594:(Super Theremin, 1363:In May 2007, the 1329:Maggie Gyllenhaal 1316:Esa-Pekka Salonen 1207:Castle In the Air 1152:Grigori Kozintsev 1122:orchestral pieces 1116:Russian composer 973:ribbon-controlled 829:Jean-Michel Jarre 758:Symphonic Mystery 403:proximity sensors 371: 138: 113: 112: 16:(Redirected from 4840: 4712:Baschet Brothers 4503:Amplified cactus 4388: 4370: 4363: 4356: 4347: 4267:Guitar amplifier 4188: 4181: 4174: 4165: 4007: 3995:Octophonic sound 3985:Musique concrète 3925: 3918: 3911: 3902: 3897: 3838: 3827: 3801: 3780: 3764: 3753: 3734: 3708: 3683: 3646: 3645: 3638: 3630: 3628: 3627: 3618:. 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Oscillation 4284: 4242:Electric guitar 4225: 4209: 4192: 4162: 4157: 4115: 4109: 4040: 4034: 4008: 3999: 3965:Hyperinstrument 3950:Circuit bending 3938: 3929: 3879: 3859:ThereminVox.com 3854:Theremin Times 3845: 3830: 3821: 3818: 3798: 3783: 3777: 3756: 3750: 3737: 3731: 3718: 3715: 3686: 3660:Organised Sound 3653: 3650: 3649: 3643: 3631: 3625: 3623: 3614: 3613: 3609: 3600: 3599: 3595: 3586: 3585: 3581: 3568: 3567: 3563: 3555: 3551: 3541: 3539: 3531: 3530: 3526: 3488: 3487: 3480: 3471: 3469: 3459: 3458: 3454: 3445: 3443: 3427: 3426: 3422: 3404: 3403: 3399: 3381: 3380: 3376: 3367: 3365: 3353: 3352: 3348: 3339: 3337: 3332: 3331: 3327: 3318: 3316: 3307: 3306: 3302: 3282: 3281: 3277: 3261: 3260: 3256: 3245: 3243: 3239: 3224: 3220: 3208:"Hide and Seek" 3206:Lane, Anthony, 3205: 3201: 3192: 3190: 3181: 3180: 3176: 3162: 3161: 3157: 3152:Wayback Machine 3145:MovieGrooves-FP 3142: 3138: 3129: 3127: 3118: 3117: 3113: 3104: 3102: 3094: 3093: 3089: 3080: 3078: 3070: 3069: 3065: 3048: 3047: 3043: 3033: 3031: 3022: 3021: 3017: 3002: 2999:Wayback Machine 2992: 2988: 2979: 2977: 2968: 2967: 2963: 2954: 2952: 2947: 2946: 2942: 2933: 2931: 2920: 2919: 2915: 2907: 2903: 2888: 2887: 2883: 2868: 2865:Wayback Machine 2858: 2854: 2845: 2844: 2840: 2828:Wayback Machine 2819: 2815: 2805: 2803: 2794: 2793: 2789: 2781: 2777: 2769: 2765: 2757: 2753: 2723: 2722: 2718: 2710: 2706: 2696: 2694: 2687:A. 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Lynne Segall 3346: 3325: 3300: 3275: 3254: 3237: 3218: 3213:The New Yorker 3199: 3174: 3155: 3136: 3111: 3087: 3063: 3041: 3015: 2986: 2961: 2940: 2928:Sound on Sound 2913: 2901: 2881: 2852: 2838: 2813: 2787: 2775: 2763: 2751: 2716: 2704: 2674: 2650: 2628: 2603: 2572: 2547: 2521: 2496: 2493:on 2020-08-12. 2485: 2463: 2443: 2394: 2387: 2369: 2358:on 7 July 2012 2343: 2319: 2297: 2272: 2235: 2203: 2173: 2161:New York Times 2147: 2120: 2109: 2087: 2065: 2051: 2048:on 2022-04-17. 2029: 2011: 1988: 1962: 1941: 1912: 1894: 1887: 1869: 1857: 1842: 1827:"The Theremin" 1818: 1806: 1782: 1766: 1749: 1742: 1716: 1692: 1683: 1668: 1667: 1665: 1662: 1661: 1660: 1655: 1648: 1645: 1644: 1643: 1635: 1628: 1588: 1581: 1570: 1563: 1556: 1545: 1530: 1527:Ondes Martenot 1521: 1518: 1510: 1509: 1506: 1503: 1500: 1497: 1491: 1484: 1448: 1443: 1442: 1441: 1436:, composed by 1430:computer game 1421: 1418:Maniac Mansion 1411: 1408: 1407: 1406: 1389: 1381: 1372: 1359: 1356: 1336: 1333: 1291:ring modulator 1270:), as well as 1229:A Short Vision 1189:Rocketship X-M 1113: 1110: 1087:Page McConnell 949:The Beach Boys 929:Samuel Hoffman 920: 917: 871:Katica Illényi 863:Peter Theremin 769:Percy Grainger 753: 750: 730: 727: 692:played on the 686:swanee whistle 679:Clara Rockmore 665: 662: 590:set below 500 566:radio antennae 552: 549: 470:Albert Glinsky 430:Musical Museum 422:Clara Rockmore 392: 389: 314:Justin Hurwitz 271:and sent to a 235:but rather as 233:radio antennas 210:thereminophone 155: 142: 132: 127: 126: 125: 116: 115: 114: 111: 110: 107: 103: 102: 97: 93: 92: 83: 77: 76: 70: 69: 55: 26: 24: 14: 13: 10: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 4845: 4834: 4831: 4829: 4826: 4824: 4821: 4819: 4816: 4814: 4811: 4809: 4806: 4804: 4801: 4799: 4796: 4794: 4791: 4789: 4786: 4784: 4781: 4780: 4778: 4765: 4761: 4757: 4756:Leon Theremin 4753: 4749: 4748:Luigi Russolo 4745: 4741: 4737: 4733: 4729: 4725: 4721: 4717: 4713: 4709: 4705: 4701: 4695: 4692: 4690: 4687: 4685: 4684: 4680: 4679: 4677: 4673: 4667: 4664: 4662: 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4203: 4199: 4198:Electrophones 4196: 4189: 4184: 4182: 4177: 4175: 4170: 4169: 4166: 4154: 4151: 4149: 4146: 4144: 4141: 4139: 4136: 4134: 4131: 4129: 4126: 4124: 4121: 4120: 4118: 4116:organizations 4112: 4105: 4102: 4099: 4096: 4094: 4091: 4089: 4086: 4084: 4081: 4079: 4076: 4074: 4071: 4069: 4066: 4064: 4061: 4059: 4056: 4054: 4051: 4049: 4046: 4045: 4043: 4041:organizations 4037: 4031: 4028: 4026: 4023: 4021: 4018: 4017: 4015: 4011: 4006: 3996: 3993: 3991: 3988: 3986: 3983: 3981: 3978: 3976: 3973: 3971: 3968: 3966: 3963: 3961: 3958: 3956: 3953: 3951: 3948: 3947: 3945: 3941: 3937: 3933: 3926: 3921: 3919: 3914: 3912: 3907: 3906: 3903: 3895: 3891: 3887: 3886:Sixty Symbols 3883: 3878: 3876: 3873: 3871: 3868: 3865: 3862: 3860: 3857: 3855: 3852: 3850: 3847: 3846: 3842: 3836: 3835: 3829: 3825: 3820: 3819: 3815: 3811: 3807: 3803: 3799: 3793: 3789: 3788: 3782: 3778: 3772: 3768: 3763: 3762: 3755: 3751: 3745: 3741: 3736: 3732: 3730:9780879308551 3726: 3722: 3717: 3716: 3712: 3706: 3702: 3698: 3694: 3690: 3685: 3681: 3677: 3673: 3669: 3665: 3661: 3657: 3652: 3651: 3641: 3636: 3622:on 2016-07-22 3621: 3617: 3611: 3608: 3603: 3597: 3594: 3589: 3583: 3580: 3575: 3571: 3565: 3562: 3559:. 1938-12-12. 3558: 3553: 3550: 3538: 3534: 3533:Bloch, Thomas 3528: 3525: 3520: 3516: 3512: 3508: 3504: 3500: 3496: 3492: 3485: 3483: 3479: 3467: 3463: 3456: 3453: 3442:on 2020-02-20 3440: 3435: 3431: 3424: 3421: 3416: 3412: 3408: 3401: 3398: 3393: 3389: 3385: 3378: 3375: 3363: 3362: 3357: 3350: 3347: 3335: 3329: 3326: 3315: 3311: 3304: 3301: 3296: 3292: 3291:The Telegraph 3287: 3279: 3276: 3271: 3270: 3265: 3258: 3255: 3252: 3248: 3241: 3238: 3234: 3233: 3228: 3222: 3219: 3215: 3214: 3209: 3203: 3200: 3189:on 2009-09-17 3188: 3184: 3178: 3175: 3170: 3166: 3159: 3156: 3153: 3149: 3146: 3140: 3137: 3126:on 2006-11-15 3125: 3121: 3115: 3112: 3101: 3097: 3091: 3088: 3077: 3073: 3067: 3064: 3059: 3055: 3051: 3045: 3042: 3030: 3026: 3019: 3016: 3011: 3010: 3005: 3000: 2996: 2990: 2987: 2976: 2975:Rolling Stone 2972: 2965: 2962: 2950: 2944: 2941: 2930: 2929: 2924: 2917: 2914: 2910: 2905: 2902: 2897: 2896: 2891: 2885: 2882: 2877: 2876: 2871: 2866: 2862: 2856: 2853: 2848: 2842: 2839: 2835: 2834: 2829: 2825: 2822: 2817: 2814: 2802: 2798: 2791: 2788: 2784: 2779: 2776: 2772: 2767: 2764: 2761:, p. 16. 2760: 2755: 2752: 2747: 2743: 2739: 2735: 2731: 2727: 2720: 2717: 2713: 2708: 2705: 2692: 2688: 2684: 2678: 2675: 2663: 2662: 2654: 2651: 2638: 2632: 2629: 2617: 2613: 2607: 2604: 2592:on 2017-02-15 2591: 2587: 2583: 2576: 2573: 2561: 2557: 2551: 2548: 2536:on 2012-10-28 2535: 2531: 2525: 2522: 2511:on 2012-02-24 2510: 2506: 2500: 2497: 2492: 2488: 2482: 2478: 2474: 2467: 2464: 2457: 2453: 2447: 2444: 2432: 2428: 2424: 2420: 2416: 2412: 2408: 2401: 2399: 2395: 2390: 2388:9783941310865 2384: 2380: 2373: 2370: 2357: 2353: 2347: 2344: 2333: 2329: 2323: 2320: 2307: 2301: 2298: 2285: 2279: 2277: 2273: 2260: 2256: 2250: 2248: 2246: 2244: 2242: 2240: 2236: 2224:on 1 May 2022 2223: 2219: 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by 445: 444:New York City 440: 438: 433: 431: 427: 423: 419: 414: 412: 408: 407:Leon Theremin 404: 398: 397:Leon Theremin 390: 385: 380: 363: 361: 357: 353: 349: 345: 344: 339: 335: 334: 329: 325: 321: 320: 315: 311: 310: 305: 301: 300: 295: 294: 289: 285: 281: 276: 274: 270: 266: 262: 258: 254: 250: 246: 242: 238: 234: 229: 227: 226:Leon Theremin 223: 219: 215: 211: 207: 203: 197: 170: 163: 161: 149: 145: 130: 108: 104: 101: 100:Leon Theremin 98: 94: 90: 84: 82: 78: 75: 71: 66: 62: 60: 53: 48: 40: 38: 33: 32:Leon Theremin 19: 4760:Thomas Truax 4744:Hans Reichel 4740:Harry Partch 4732:Yuri Landman 4681: 4665: 4623:Quintephones 4596:Plasmaphones 4551: 4539: 4425:Home Swinger 4392:Chordophones 4329: 4325:Telharmonium 4279:("feedback") 3885: 3833: 3823: 3805: 3786: 3760: 3739: 3720: 3713:Publications 3699:(1): 49–50. 3696: 3692: 3663: 3659: 3634: 3624:. 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Retrieved 1704: 1695: 1686: 1672: 1638: 1549:Croix Sonore 1542:articulation 1511: 1493: 1490:by Beethoven 1488:9th Symphony 1487: 1468: 1467: 1445: 1438:Howard Shore 1431: 1424:Lydia Kavina 1416: 1396: 1393:Natalie Holt 1375: 1369:The Lothars. 1368: 1365:White Castle 1349: 1338: 1322: 1320: 1307: 1297: 1295: 1285:, for which 1280: 1278: 1271: 1268:Lydia Kavina 1261: 1255: 1249: 1243: 1233: 1227: 1221: 1211: 1205: 1199: 1193: 1187: 1181: 1178:Miklós Rózsa 1171: 1165: 1159: 1115: 1099: 1085: 1081:Adrian Utley 1068: 1062: 1060: 1057: 1050: 1047:Frank Hannon 1041: 1034: 1028: 1019: 1012: 1001:Led Zeppelin 995: 988: 982: 977: 947: 937: 922: 904: 898: 890: 883: 875:Lydia Kavina 856: 845: 826: 821: 819: 809: 762: 757: 755: 720: 716:walking bass 709: 702: 683: 675: 658: 642: 638: 635: 623: 616: 597: 578: 574: 562: 546: 523: 515: 513: 486: 465: 459: 456:Soviet Union 441: 434: 426:Paul Robeson 415: 400: 348:Natalie Holt 342: 331: 317: 307: 297: 291: 288:Miklós Rózsa 277: 230: 217: 213: 209: 205: 201: 168: 166: 144:J. S. Bach's 89:Electrophone 57: 36: 4752:Adolphe Sax 4728:Bart Hopkin 4724:Ivor Darreg 4587:Whirly tube 4572:Folgerphone 4483:Lion's roar 4440:Moodswinger 4313:Synthesizer 4237:Bass guitar 3990:Noise music 3890:Brady Haran 2621:14 February 2596:14 February 2565:14 February 2411:Convergence 2186:BBC Radio 4 2077:. Bbc.co.uk 1970:GaudiLabs. 1816:pp. 127–128 1410:Video games 1385:Bill Bailey 1218:Jerry Lewis 1021:Brian Jones 987:(1966) and 979:Frank Zappa 957:Paul Tanner 933:Harry Revel 909:Regis Campo 895:portmanteau 815:Frank Zappa 721:The critic 627:capacitance 606:plate of a 588:oscillators 497:synthesizer 493:Robert Moog 352:avant-garde 324:theme songs 284:soundtracks 273:loudspeaker 249:oscillators 218:thereminvox 96:Inventor(s) 18:Thereminist 4777:Categories 4716:Ken Butler 4694:Floppotron 4661:Swarmatron 4608:Rijke tube 4577:Klaxophone 4564:Aerophones 4553:Wave Organ 4518:Waterphone 4495:Idiophones 4445:Sound icon 4430:Kaisatsuko 4384:Gaiaphones 4335:Trautonium 4214:51. 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Index

Thereminist
Leon Theremin
Theremin (album)

Moog
kit
Electronic instrument
Hornbostel–Sachs classification
Electrophone
Leon Theremin
Epro theremin in middle range
J. S. Bach's
Jesu, Joy of Man's Desiring
media help
/ˈθɛrəmɪn/
electronic musical instrument
Leon Theremin
radio antennas
position sensors
capacitor
capacitively sense
oscillators
frequency
amplitude
volume
signals
amplified
loudspeaker
eerie
soundtracks

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