736:
661:
405:
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784:
772:
796:
859:
820:
808:
93:
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44:
496:
760:
68:
400:
or small tree. Its leaves are willow-like, linear-lanceolate, and glossy green in color. They are covered in waxy coating to reduce water loss (typical of oleanders). Its stem is green turning silver/gray as it ages. Flowers bloom from summer to fall. The long funnel-shaped sometimes-fragrant yellow
1232:
Bandara V.; Weinstein S.A.; White J.; Eddleston M. (2010). "A review of the natural history, toxinology, diagnosis and clinical management of Nerium oleander (common oleander) and
Thevetia peruviana (yellow oleander) poisoning".
377:'Cascabel', 'cascavel' or 'cascabela' is Spanish for a small bell, a snake's rattle or a rattlesnake itself. The allusion may also be to the plant's toxicity comparable to the venom of a rattlesnake. The latin specific name
1276:
M. Eddleston; S. Rajapakse; Rajakanthan, S. Jayalath; L. Sjöström; W. Santharaj; et al. (2000). "Anti-digoxin Fab fragments in cardiotoxicity induced by ingestion of yellow oleander: a randomised controlled trial".
401:(less commonly apricot, sometimes white) flowers are in few-flowered terminal clusters. Its fruit is deep red-black in color encasing a large seed that bears some resemblance to a 'Chinese lucky nut.'
1494:
Gupta R, Kachhawa JB, Gupta RS, Sharma AK, Sharma MC, Dobhal MP (March 2011). "Phytochemical evaluation and antispermatogenic activity of
Thevetia peruviana methanol extract in male albino rats".
1592:
1539:"Notes from the Field: Online Weight Loss Supplements Labeled as Tejocote (Crataegus mexicana) Root, Substituted with Yellow Oleander (Cascabela thevetia) — United States, 2022"
735:
1185:"Pharmacokinetics of digoxin cross-reacting substances in patients with acute yellow oleander (Thevetia peruviana) poisoning, including the effect of activated charcoal"
2388:
2100:
1847:
2427:
2530:
385:(1516-1590), a French Franciscan priest and explorer, who explored Brazil and Guiana (where the plant is known as chapéu-de-napoleão, ie, Napoleon's hat).
1552:
629:
834:
2560:
487:
Its bright yellow flowers are used for religious purposes in India. The tree is native to Mexico and thus direct references to Hindu culture are new.
2323:
2061:
1795:
2555:
2401:
2349:
2113:
2074:
1860:
1808:
1658:
1002:
795:
2476:
771:
660:
2450:
1743:
1593:"The FDA Expands Warning to Consumers About Toxic Yellow Oleander Purported to be Nuez de la India in Certain Botanical Weight Loss Products"
1543:
618:(Kaneru කණේරු (Sinhala), Manjal arali (Tamil)) is one of the preferred methods for suicides in villages where they are grown in abundance.
1097:
Kohls S, Scholz-Böttcher BM, Teske J, Zark P, Rullkötter J (2012). "Cardiac glycosides from Yellow
Oleander (Thevetia peruviana) seeds".
2570:
819:
2545:
2550:
957:
404:
2565:
2336:
2375:
2087:
1834:
1460:
747:
1937:
1891:
973:
2118:
1865:
807:
2406:
1620:
Kareru P.G.; Keriko J.M.; Kenji G.M.; Gachanja A.N. (2010). "Anti-termite and antimicrobial properties of paint made from
1597:
1027:
Shannon D. Langford & Paul J. Boor (1996). "Oleander toxicity: an examination of human and animal toxic exposures".
947:
783:
633:
1070:
Bose TK, Basu RK, Biswas B, De JN, Majumdar BC, Datta S (1999). "Cardiovascular effects of yellow oleander ingestion".
2238:
2035:
1730:
431:. It is effectively drought resistant and tolerant to high temperatures, hence found in various states of India like
572:. Ovine polyclonal anti-digitoxin Fab fragment antibody (DigiTAb; Therapeutic Antibodies Inc.) can be used to treat
2489:
2136:
1958:
688:
and parks in temperate climates. In frost prone areas it is container plant, in the winter season brought inside a
92:
2432:
1886:
723:
1748:
2540:
846:
2494:
2141:
1963:
2310:
705:
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2302:
2209:
1711:
2297:
2263:
1673:
858:
1813:
1438:
Rajasingh, Simon G; Rajasingh, Irene V (1970). "Birds and mammals eating the fruits of Yellow
Oleander (
903:
219:
2354:
2253:
2079:
2442:
2128:
1914:
1242:
1106:
1036:
1006:
949:
CRC World
Dictionary of Plant Names: Common Names, Scientific Names, Eponyms, Synonyms, and Etymology
644:
608:
588:
1787:
592:
57:
2419:
879:
Botanic
Gardens Conservation International (BGCI).; IUCN SSC Global Tree Specialist Group (2019).
240:
2535:
2502:
2481:
2162:
1984:
1782:
1519:
1339:
1302:
1165:
759:
638:
569:
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548:
341:
248:
87:
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seed oil was used to make a 'paint' with antifungal, antibacterial and anti-termite properties.
579:
A few bird species are however known to feed on them without any ill effects. These include the
535:
531:
382:
2393:
2105:
1878:
1852:
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2048:
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1258:
1214:
1157:
1122:
1079:
1052:
953:
596:
539:
508:
1365:
Raj,PJ Sanjeeva (1963). "Additions to the list of birds eating the fruit of Yellow
Oleander (
2468:
1564:
1556:
1503:
1286:
1250:
1204:
1196:
1149:
1114:
1044:
898:
677:
1922:
1653:
1473:
1183:
Roberts D.M.; Southcott E.; Potter J.M.; Roberts M.S.; Eddleston M.; Buckley N.A. (2006).
880:
681:
361:
356:
348:
130:
542:. These cardenolides are not destroyed by drying or heating and they are very similar to
2220:
1774:
1569:
1537:
Berland, Noah; Kababick, James; Santos, Cynthia; Calello, Diane P. (15 September 2023).
1246:
1110:
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1945:
1209:
1184:
448:
397:
186:
117:
43:
1950:
1538:
1290:
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408:
Leaves and buds of yellow oleander (Cascabela thevetia) in Domjur, West Bengal, India.
2524:
1873:
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889:
600:
468:
236:
77:
72:
1645:
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1169:
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464:
2194:
1904:
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1769:
1388:
Raj, P J Sanjeeva (1959). "Birds eating poisonous fruit of Yellow
Oleander (
460:
452:
196:
1578:
1560:
1515:
1298:
1262:
1218:
1161:
1126:
1083:
2154:
1976:
1927:
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511:. Many cases of intentional and accidental poisoning of humans are known.
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2010:
1971:
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104:
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1839:
1140:
Rajapakse S. (2009). "Management of yellow oleander poisoning".
1671:
568:(antibodies) and treatment may include oral administration of
359:, and cultivated widely as an ornamental. It is a relative of
625:
are reported to possess antispermatogenic activity in rats.
576:
poisoning, but for many countries the cost is prohibitive.
704:
The plant's toxins have tested in experiments for uses in
1320:
Kannan,R (1991). "Koels feeding on the yellow oleander".
614:
In South India and in Sri Lanka swallowing the seeds of
636:(FDA) reported on weight loss supplements substituting
1346:) eating the poisonous fruit of the Yellow Oleander".
926:"The Plant List: A Working List of All Plant Species"
507:
plant are toxic to most vertebrates as they contain
2178:
2000:
1680:
904:
10.2305/IUCN.UK.2019-2.RLTS.T146789945A146789947.en
696:. It tolerates most soils and is drought tolerant.
680:, and planted as large flowering shrub or small
1474:"Management of acute yellow oleander poisoning"
1411:Neelakantan,KK (1953). "Common Grey Hornbill (
8:
1626:African Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology
1476:. QJM: An International Journal of Medicine
1005:. Missouri Botanical Garden. Archived from
1668:
1553:Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
630:Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
66:
42:
31:
1568:
1472:M. Eddleston, D.A. Warrell (1999-09-01).
1208:
902:
560:effects. Antidotes for treatment include
1415:) eating fruits of the Yellow Oleander (
997:
995:
993:
1659:Kemper Center for Home Gardening.org -
871:
719:
652:, following multiple hospitalizations.
479:where semi arid climate is prevalent.
1544:Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report
801:Variety with apricot-colored flowers.
7:
2443:bfdcaea0-c8f8-4981-8a8d-79917ccf23d9
2129:7d6fccfd-82cb-4a24-8214-7020c5e0ffe0
1915:7e1198cc-5cb6-49b7-a288-c31dedcd4322
840:Cascabela thevetia (Karen) in Rajkot
2531:IUCN Red List least concern species
974:"Cascabela thevetia - Plant Finder"
890:IUCN Red List of Threatened Species
777:White variety of Cascabela thevetia
25:
2561:Garden plants of Central America
2495:urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:252580-2
857:
845:
833:
818:
806:
794:
782:
770:
758:
746:
734:
722:
91:
2142:urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:52627-2
1964:urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:47927-2
1119:10.1016/j.phytochem.2011.11.019
978:www.missouribotanicalgarden.org
2556:Garden plants of North America
1654:Inchem.org: Thevetia peruviana
1:
1663:horticultural info and photos
1624:(Pers.) Schum. oil extract".
1291:10.1016/S0140-6736(00)90014-X
1255:10.1016/j.toxicon.2010.03.026
946:Quattrocchi, Umberto (1999).
1598:Food and Drug Administration
1508:10.3109/14647273.2010.542230
1201:10.1097/ftd.0b013e31802bfd69
1049:10.1016/0300-483X(95)03296-R
634:Food and Drug Administration
427:(कनेर) in Hindi language in
1189:Therapeutic Drug Monitoring
2587:
2571:Constantly blooming plants
897:: e.T146789945A146789947.
365:, giving it a common name
2546:Flora of Southern America
1154:10.1080/15563650902824001
813:At a park in Delhi, India
254:
247:
225:
218:
88:Scientific classification
86:
64:
55:
50:
41:
34:
2551:Plant toxin insecticides
1444:J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc
1421:J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc
1394:J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc
1371:J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc
1348:J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc
514:The main toxins are the
2566:Drought-tolerant plants
706:biological pest control
700:Biological pest control
1561:10.15585/mmwr.mm7237a3
729:Apricot colored flower
665:
500:
409:
1344:Eudynamis scolopaceus
663:
498:
415:is commonly known as
407:
1003:"Thevetia peruvians"
676:is cultivated as an
645:Aleurites moluccanus
609:common grey hornbill
589:red-whiskered bulbul
483:Religious importance
266:Cerbera linearifolia
1417:Thevetia neriifolia
1390:Thevetia neriifolia
1367:Thevetia neriifolia
1247:2010Txcn...56..273B
1142:Clinical Toxicology
1111:2012PChem..75..114K
1041:1996Toxgy.109....1L
593:white-browed bulbul
566:digoxin immune fabs
306:Thevetia neriifolia
258:Cascabela peruviana
58:Conservation status
51:Flowers and leaves
2210:Thevetia peruviana
2180:Thevetia peruviana
1788:Cascabela thevetia
1749:Cascabela_thevetia
1712:Cascabela thevetia
1682:Cascabela thevetia
1661:Thevetia peruviana
1648:Thevetia peruviana
1622:Thevetia peruviana
1601:. 8 September 2023
1461:Thevetia peruviana
1440:Thevetia peruviana
1072:J Indian Med Assoc
883:Cascabela thevetia
826:Cascabela thevetia
674:Cascabela thevetia
666:
639:Crataegus mexicana
616:Thevetia peruviana
570:activated charcoal
549:Digitalis purpurea
509:cardiac glycosides
501:
413:Cascabela thevetia
410:
394:Cascabela thevetia
351:native throughout
345:Thevetia peruviana
337:Cascabela thevetia
314:Thevetia peruviana
229:Cascabela thevetia
36:Cascabela thevetia
18:Thevetia peruviana
2518:
2517:
2464:Open Tree of Life
1674:Taxon identifiers
1496:Hum Fertil (Camb)
1285:(9208): 967–972.
597:red-vented bulbul
526:; others include
503:All parts of the
333:
332:
326:
322:Thevetia thevetia
318:
310:
302:
298:Thevetia linearis
294:
290:Thevetia linearis
286:
278:
274:Cerbera peruviana
270:
262:
81:
16:(Redirected from
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2070:
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2056:
2044:
2043:
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2020:
2019:
2002:Cerbera thevetia
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1413:Tockus birostris
1408:
1402:
1401:
1385:
1379:
1378:
1362:
1356:
1355:
1342:(1952). "Koels (
1336:
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828:(Kaner) in Delhi
822:
810:
798:
786:
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762:
750:
738:
726:
678:ornamental plant
628:In 2023, the US
396:is an evergreen
324:
317:(Pers.) K.Schum.
316:
308:
300:
292:
284:
282:Cerbera thevetia
276:
268:
260:
231:
211:C. thevetia
96:
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75:
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69:
46:
32:
27:Species of plant
21:
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2541:Flora of Mexico
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2009:
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1923:Observation.org
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1078:(10): 407–410.
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852:Yellow Oleander
850:
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682:ornamental tree
658:
552:. They produce
493:
485:
391:
383:André de Thevet
375:
367:yellow oleander
362:Nerium oleander
357:Central America
349:poisonous plant
243:
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90:
82:
71:
67:
60:
28:
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2508:wfo-0000323136
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2168:wfo-0000834681
2159:
2146:
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2123:
2110:
2097:
2084:
2071:
2058:
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2022:
2006:
2004:
1998:
1997:
1995:
1994:
1990:wfo-0000810099
1981:
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1646:USDA Plants -
1641:
1640:External links
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1486:
1464:
1453:
1430:
1403:
1380:
1357:
1331:
1312:
1268:
1241:(3): 273–281.
1224:
1195:(6): 784–792.
1175:
1148:(3): 206–212.
1132:
1099:Phytochemistry
1089:
1062:
1019:
989:
965:
958:
938:
917:
870:
868:
865:
864:
863:
856:
854:
851:
844:
842:
839:
832:
830:
824:
817:
815:
812:
805:
803:
800:
793:
791:
788:
781:
779:
776:
769:
767:
764:
757:
755:
752:
745:
743:
740:
733:
731:
728:
721:
717:
714:
702:
701:
671:
670:
657:
654:
621:Extracts from
492:
489:
484:
481:
449:Madhya Pradesh
398:tropical shrub
390:
387:
374:
371:
331:
330:
329:
328:
319:
311:
309:Juss. ex A.DC.
303:
295:
287:
279:
271:
263:
252:
251:
245:
244:
234:
223:
222:
216:
215:
208:
206:
202:
201:
194:
190:
189:
187:Rauvolfioideae
184:
180:
179:
174:
170:
169:
164:
160:
159:
154:
147:
146:
141:
134:
133:
128:
121:
120:
115:
108:
107:
102:
98:
97:
84:
83:
65:
62:
61:
56:
53:
52:
48:
47:
39:
38:
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
2583:
2572:
2569:
2567:
2564:
2562:
2559:
2557:
2554:
2552:
2549:
2547:
2544:
2542:
2539:
2537:
2534:
2532:
2529:
2528:
2526:
2509:
2504:
2500:
2496:
2491:
2487:
2483:
2478:
2474:
2470:
2465:
2461:
2457:
2452:
2448:
2444:
2438:
2434:
2429:
2425:
2421:
2416:
2412:
2408:
2403:
2399:
2395:
2390:
2386:
2382:
2377:
2373:
2369:
2364:
2360:
2356:
2351:
2347:
2343:
2338:
2334:
2330:
2325:
2321:
2317:
2312:
2308:
2304:
2299:
2295:
2291:
2286:
2282:
2278:
2273:
2269:
2265:
2259:
2255:
2249:
2245:
2240:
2236:
2232:
2226:
2222:
2216:
2211:
2205:
2201:
2196:
2190:
2186:
2185:
2183:
2181:
2177:
2169:
2164:
2160:
2156:
2151:
2147:
2143:
2138:
2134:
2130:
2124:
2120:
2115:
2111:
2107:
2102:
2098:
2094:
2089:
2085:
2081:
2076:
2072:
2068:
2063:
2059:
2055:
2050:
2046:
2042:
2037:
2033:
2029:
2023:
2018:
2012:
2008:
2007:
2005:
2003:
1999:
1991:
1986:
1982:
1978:
1973:
1969:
1965:
1960:
1956:
1952:
1947:
1943:
1939:
1933:
1929:
1924:
1920:
1916:
1910:
1906:
1901:
1897:
1893:
1888:
1884:
1880:
1875:
1871:
1867:
1862:
1858:
1854:
1849:
1845:
1841:
1836:
1832:
1828:
1823:
1819:
1815:
1810:
1806:
1802:
1797:
1793:
1789:
1784:
1780:
1776:
1771:
1767:
1763:
1758:
1754:
1750:
1745:
1741:
1737:
1732:
1728:
1724:
1718:
1713:
1707:
1703:
1698:
1692:
1688:
1687:
1685:
1683:
1679:
1675:
1670:
1664:
1662:
1657:
1655:
1652:
1650:
1649:
1644:
1643:
1639:
1631:
1627:
1623:
1616:
1613:
1600:
1599:
1594:
1588:
1585:
1580:
1576:
1571:
1566:
1562:
1558:
1555:: 1016–1017.
1554:
1550:
1546:
1545:
1540:
1533:
1530:
1525:
1521:
1517:
1513:
1509:
1505:
1501:
1497:
1490:
1487:
1475:
1468:
1465:
1462:
1457:
1454:
1450:(3): 572–573.
1449:
1445:
1441:
1434:
1431:
1426:
1422:
1418:
1414:
1407:
1404:
1399:
1395:
1391:
1384:
1381:
1377:(2): 457–458.
1376:
1372:
1368:
1361:
1358:
1354:(4): 943–945.
1353:
1349:
1345:
1341:
1335:
1332:
1327:
1323:
1316:
1313:
1308:
1304:
1300:
1296:
1292:
1288:
1284:
1280:
1272:
1269:
1264:
1260:
1256:
1252:
1248:
1244:
1240:
1236:
1228:
1225:
1220:
1216:
1211:
1206:
1202:
1198:
1194:
1190:
1186:
1179:
1176:
1171:
1167:
1163:
1159:
1155:
1151:
1147:
1143:
1136:
1133:
1128:
1124:
1120:
1116:
1112:
1108:
1104:
1100:
1093:
1090:
1085:
1081:
1077:
1073:
1066:
1063:
1058:
1054:
1050:
1046:
1042:
1038:
1034:
1030:
1023:
1020:
1009:on 2004-12-09
1008:
1004:
998:
996:
994:
990:
979:
975:
969:
966:
961:
959:9780849326738
955:
952:. CRC Press.
951:
950:
942:
939:
927:
921:
918:
905:
900:
896:
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891:
886:
884:
875:
872:
866:
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855:
848:
843:
836:
831:
827:
821:
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809:
804:
797:
792:
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773:
768:
761:
756:
749:
744:
737:
732:
725:
720:
715:
713:
711:
707:
699:
698:
697:
695:
691:
687:
684:standards in
683:
679:
675:
668:
667:
662:
655:
653:
651:
647:
646:
641:
640:
635:
631:
626:
624:
619:
617:
612:
610:
606:
602:
601:brahminy myna
598:
594:
590:
586:
582:
577:
575:
571:
567:
563:
559:
555:
551:
550:
545:
541:
537:
533:
529:
525:
521:
517:
512:
510:
506:
497:
490:
488:
482:
480:
478:
474:
470:
469:Uttar Pradesh
466:
462:
458:
454:
450:
446:
442:
438:
434:
430:
426:
425:
420:
419:
414:
406:
402:
399:
395:
388:
386:
384:
381:commemorates
380:
372:
370:
368:
364:
363:
358:
354:
350:
346:
343:
339:
338:
325:(L.) H.Karst.
323:
320:
315:
312:
307:
304:
299:
296:
291:
288:
283:
280:
275:
272:
267:
264:
259:
256:
255:
253:
250:
246:
242:
238:
232:
230:
224:
221:
220:Binomial name
217:
213:
212:
207:
204:
203:
200:
199:
195:
192:
191:
188:
185:
182:
181:
178:
175:
172:
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168:
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162:
161:
158:
155:
152:
149:
148:
145:
142:
139:
136:
135:
132:
129:
126:
123:
122:
119:
118:Tracheophytes
116:
113:
110:
109:
106:
103:
100:
99:
94:
89:
85:
79:
74:
73:Least Concern
63:
59:
54:
49:
45:
40:
37:
33:
30:
19:
2179:
2001:
1681:
1660:
1647:
1629:
1625:
1621:
1615:
1603:. Retrieved
1596:
1587:
1548:
1542:
1532:
1502:(1): 53–59.
1499:
1495:
1489:
1478:. Retrieved
1467:
1456:
1447:
1443:
1439:
1433:
1424:
1420:
1416:
1412:
1406:
1397:
1393:
1389:
1383:
1374:
1370:
1366:
1360:
1351:
1347:
1343:
1334:
1325:
1321:
1315:
1282:
1278:
1271:
1238:
1234:
1227:
1192:
1188:
1178:
1145:
1141:
1135:
1102:
1098:
1092:
1075:
1071:
1065:
1032:
1028:
1022:
1011:. Retrieved
1007:the original
981:. Retrieved
977:
968:
948:
941:
929:. Retrieved
920:
908:. Retrieved
894:
888:
882:
874:
825:
789:Growth habit
710:T. peruviana
709:
703:
673:
672:
649:
643:
637:
627:
622:
620:
615:
613:
578:
574:T. peruviana
573:
547:
516:cardenolides
513:
504:
502:
486:
423:
422:
417:
416:
412:
411:
393:
392:
378:
376:
366:
360:
344:
336:
335:
334:
321:
313:
305:
297:
289:
281:
273:
265:
261:(Pers.) Raf.
257:
228:
226:
210:
209:
197:
150:
137:
124:
111:
35:
29:
2415:NatureServe
2363:iNaturalist
2204:Wikispecies
1822:iNaturalist
1706:Wikispecies
1632:(2): 87–89.
1340:Krishnan, M
1035:(1): 1–13.
910:19 November
694:house plant
669:Cultivation
650:C. thevetia
623:C. thevetia
605:common myna
558:cardiotoxic
505:C. thevetia
499:Ripe fruit.
457:West Bengal
389:Description
327:nom. inval.
183:Subfamily:
177:Apocynaceae
167:Gentianales
131:Angiosperms
2525:Categories
2261:Calflora:
1946:Plant List
1480:2018-02-20
1105:: 114–27.
1029:Toxicology
1013:2011-04-19
983:2021-12-22
867:References
690:greenhouse
632:(CDC) and
585:Asian koel
536:thevetoxin
532:neriifolin
528:peruvoside
524:thevetin B
520:thevetin A
465:Tamil Nadu
2536:Cascabela
2316:200018473
2303:200018473
2017:Q21872272
1951:kew-34836
1879:146789945
1770:FloraBase
1697:Q10694475
1605:2 October
1427:(3): 738.
1400:(3): 639.
1322:Blackbuck
753:Dry seeds
461:Rajasthan
453:Telangana
373:Etymology
205:Species:
198:Cascabela
101:Kingdom:
2420:2.155179
2394:11129284
2254:251-36-1
2189:Wikidata
2150:Tropicos
2106:10501692
2011:Wikidata
1972:Tropicos
1853:10207232
1691:Wikidata
1579:37708076
1570:10511264
1524:24757302
1516:21466267
1328:(2): 48.
1299:10768435
1263:20438743
1219:17164695
1170:37334350
1162:19306191
1127:22196940
1084:10638101
692:or as a
581:sunbirds
562:atropine
540:ruvoside
491:Toxicity
379:thevetia
249:Synonyms
173:Family:
157:Asterids
144:Eudicots
78:IUCN 3.1
2456:1513637
2381:82456-1
2329:5414405
2195:Q312147
2155:1801351
2093:52627-2
2067:5414406
1977:1806031
1900:NTFlora
1887:MoBotPF
1840:47927-2
1801:3169652
1307:2095538
1243:Bibcode
1235:Toxicon
1210:2296884
1107:Bibcode
1057:8619248
1037:Bibcode
931:May 17,
716:Gallery
686:gardens
554:gastric
544:digoxin
518:called
445:Gujarat
355:and in
347:) is a
342:synonym
241:Lippold
193:Genus:
163:Order:
105:Plantae
76: (
2477:PLANTS
2469:851162
2440:NZOR:
2368:124577
2251:APSA:
2244:116562
2228:APDB:
2218:AoFP:
2126:NZOR:
2119:510615
2041:201093
2025:APDB:
1928:206386
1912:NZOR:
1892:276151
1866:510320
1827:277115
1814:405778
1736:123421
1720:APDB:
1577:
1567:
1551:(37).
1522:
1514:
1305:
1297:
1279:Lancet
1261:
1217:
1207:
1168:
1160:
1125:
1082:
1055:
956:
765:Leaves
664:Trunk.
473:Odisha
433:Andhra
418:Kaneir
353:Mexico
301:A. DC.
269:Stokes
2482:THPE3
2433:52862
2407:30228
2389:IRMNG
2355:36532
2290:THVPE
2277:56G4F
2231:75353
2101:IRMNG
2054:5XKJ6
2028:75399
1938:12779
1935:PFI:
1905:23539
1848:IRMNG
1783:FoAO2
1775:13679
1762:69CZW
1723:75548
1520:S2CID
1303:S2CID
1166:S2CID
741:Seeds
546:from
477:Assam
441:Delhi
437:Bihar
429:India
424:Kaner
277:Pers.
151:Clade
138:Clade
125:Clade
112:Clade
2490:POWO
2451:OBIS
2428:NCBI
2402:ITIS
2376:IPNI
2350:GRIN
2342:1606
2337:GISD
2324:GBIF
2285:EPPO
2264:9420
2239:APNI
2221:1628
2137:POWO
2114:ITIS
2088:IPNI
2080:9933
2075:GRIN
2062:GBIF
2036:APNI
1959:POWO
1874:IUCN
1861:ITIS
1835:IPNI
1809:GRIN
1796:GBIF
1744:ATRF
1731:APNI
1607:2023
1575:PMID
1512:PMID
1442:)".
1419:)".
1392:)".
1369:)".
1295:PMID
1259:PMID
1215:PMID
1158:PMID
1123:PMID
1080:PMID
1053:PMID
954:ISBN
933:2014
912:2021
895:2019
656:Uses
648:for
642:and
607:and
564:and
556:and
538:and
522:and
475:and
293:Raf.
2503:WFO
2311:FoC
2298:FNA
2272:CoL
2163:WFO
2049:CoL
1985:WFO
1757:CoL
1565:PMC
1557:doi
1504:doi
1287:doi
1283:355
1251:doi
1205:PMC
1197:doi
1150:doi
1115:doi
1045:doi
1033:109
899:doi
708:.
421:or
2527::
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2492::
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1301:.
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1103:75
1101:.
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986:.
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935:.
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901::
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881:"
340:(
235:(
80:)
20:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
