Knowledge (XXG)

Third Portuguese Republic

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121: 2007: 65: 971: 711: 51: 2030: 574: 555: 1504: 1400: 3268: 2102: 2069: 736: 688: 669: 636: 617: 1804:. The legacy of considerable borrowing from earlier years became an almost unsustainable debt for the Portuguese economy, bringing the country to the verge of bankruptcy by 2011. This resulted in urgent measures to address structural problems in the economy, raise taxes and reduce public-sector spending. Increasing unemployment also led to increased emigration. 2944: 1892:. His Socialist party won the most votes, but it did not get the absolute majority in parliament. The party continued its pact with two far-left parties - the Left Bloc and the Communists. Portugal's economy had grown above the EU average and many cuts to public sector had been reversed. 1554:
because of the use of the carnation on soldiers' rifles as a symbol of peace. This revolution was the beginning of the Portuguese Third Republic. The days after the revolution saw widespread celebration for the end of 48 years of dictatorship and soon exiled politicians like
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In addition to that, to ensure the success of the uprising, the MFA looked for support among the conservative sections of the military that had been disaffected with the Caetano government, chief among which were the former Head of the Armed Forces, General
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The differing political views came to be broadly represented by three main informal groups, which included both military and civilians. However, even within these groups that shared similar political views there were considerable disagreements.
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of the Social Democratic Party, the former prime minister, who won 50.59 per cent of the vote in the first round, just over the majority required to avoid a runoff election. Voter turnout was 62.60 per cent of eligible voters.
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The new minority government led by Passos Coelho was soon toppled in a parliamentary vote. The 11-day-old government was the shortest-lived national government in the Portuguese history. In November 2015, The Socialist leader
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In June 2011, center-right Passos Coelho became the new prime minister of the financially-troubled country, succeeding former Socialist Prime Minister Jose Socrates. The Social Democrat Party, led by
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was drafted, censorship was prohibited, free speech declared, political prisoners were released and major Estado Novo institutions were closed. Eventually the country granted independence to
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the conservatives: within the military, represented by Costa Gomes and Spínola and within the MFA by Melo Antunes. Its civilian representatives were politicians that had been part of the
1585:, differences began to emerge on which political direction the country should take, including among the military. The revolution was mainly the result of the work of a group of young 1988: 3782: 3167: 1677:
countries. The main representative of this group within the military and the MFA was Otelo Saraiva de Carvalho, while the main political party included in this group was the
1885:'s second five-year term ended. António Guterres has announced that he will be seeking a second five-year term as UN Secretary-General, which would begin in January 2022. 1830:
In 2011, Portugal applied for EU assistance, as the third European Union country after Greece and Ireland, to cope with its budget deficit caused by the financial crisis.
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Austerity budgets included spending cuts and higher taxes, which caused worsening living standards in the country and higher unemployment to above 16%.
1617: 1303: 2872: 1983: 1851:, the governing centre-right coalition of Prime Minister Pedro Passos Coelho won narrowly, but the coalition lost its absolute majority in parliament. 1550:
of young military personnel forced Marcelo Caetano to step down. Most of the population of the country soon supported this uprising. It was called the
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In January 2021, Portugal's centre-right president Marcelo Rebelo de Sousa won re-election, after taking 60.7% of the votes in the first round of the
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Socialist Party won re-election but lost its overall majority. In October 2009, Prime Minister Jose Socrates formed a new minority government.
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In June 2021, United Nations General Assembly unanimously elected Antonio Guterres to a second five-year term as secretary-general.
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was easily re-elected as President of the Republic of Portugal for a second five-year term in the first round of the
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was appointed as the new prime minister. In July 2004, Prime Minister Barroso resigned as prime minister to become
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became Portugal's prime minister, after forming an alliance with Communist, Green and Left Bloc parties.
3641: 3571: 3546: 3505: 3421: 3379: 3364: 3276: 3253: 3132: 2020: 1595:(MFA). Within this group, there were several different political views, among them those represented by 1374: 1340: 1212: 784: 510: 334: 50: 1082: 3666: 3576: 3342: 3217: 1914:. The Socialist Party won 120 seats in the 230 seat parliament, defeating the right-wing to form the 1639:(National Assembly) that called for a transition to democracy, among them the future Prime-Ministers 1600: 1551: 1516: 1462: 1281: 1132: 1017: 827: 800: 469: 310: 288: 2114: 2081: 3700: 3611: 3586: 3561: 3500: 3475: 3435: 3092: 3086: 3008: 2243: 2006: 1874: 1834: 1820: 1714: 1698: 1454: 1446: 1327: 1274: 1235: 1200: 1095: 959: 417: 378: 197: 36: 2307: 3629: 3624: 3551: 3480: 3462: 3075: 2168: 1910:
The ruling Socialist Party, led by Prime Minister António Costa, won an outright majority in the
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until 1968, when he was forced to step down due to health problems. Salazar was succeeded by
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The carnation, the symbol of the Revolution that started the Third Portuguese Republic.
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and considered to be the more radical wing of the movement and those represented by
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and begun a process of democratization that led to the accession of Portugal to the
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On 2 April 2024, the new center-right minority government, led by Prime Minister
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were held on 22 January 2006 to elect a successor to the incumbent President
177: 164: 3065: 3045: 3040: 2404:"Censos 2021 - Principais tendências ocorridas em Portugal na última década" 2287:"Censos 2021. Católicos diminuem, mas ainda são mais de 80% dos portugueses" 1760: 1670: 1458: 1012: 1007: 762: 271: 2215: 2818: 1539:. The government faced many internal and external problems, including the 3267: 3050: 3030: 2996: 2873:"Portugal's centre-right president re-elected but far right gains ground" 2801:"Portugal's new president Marcelo Rebelo de Sousa wants to 'heal wounds'" 1525:, in a military coup that established an authoritarian government called 873: 766: 127: 2927:"Portugal's new government aims to outmanoeuvre radical populist rivals" 2663:"Anibal Cavaco Silva wins the presidential election in the first round" 2353: 1564: 1465:
of 25 April 1974, that put an end to the paternal autocratic regime of
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Graphs are unavailable due to technical issues. There is more info on
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Graphs are unavailable due to technical issues. There is more info on
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In October 2019, Prime Minister Antonio Costa won the parliamentary
1027: 835: 156: 133: 2965: 3055: 1502: 2441:"World Economic Outlook Database, April 2024 Edition. (Portugal)" 1800:
From 2007 to 2008 onwards, Portugal was severely affected by the
2837:"Guterres to seek second five-year term as UN Secretary-General" 2324: 1745: 758: 2969: 2471:"A taxa de risco de pobreza aumentou para 17,0% em 2022 - 2023" 2154:
with several subsequent minor revisions, between 1982 and 2005.
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with several subsequent minor revisions, between 1982 and 2005.
2095: 2062: 1971: 1950: 890: 2891:"Guterres re-elected for second-term as UN Secretary General" 2855:"Portugal election: Socialists win without outright majority" 2555:"Barroso Appointed EU Commission President – DW – 06/30/2004" 1567:, in what became a symbol of the country's regained freedom. 2246:
website. Retrieved January 2007. Link updated December 2015
2945:"Report for Selected Countries and Subjects: October 2022" 2819:"Portugal's Antonio Guterres elected UN secretary-general" 2764:"Portugal centre-right wins re-election despite bailout" 2909:"Portugal election: Socialists win unexpected majority" 2375:"População residente ultrapassa os 10,6 milhões - 2023" 1721:. In 2005, Socialists got a landslide victory in early 2325:
Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development
1925:, took office, resulting from the slim victory of the 1729:
became the new prime minister after the elections. In
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state with an economic system similar to those of the
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Centro de Linguística da Universidade de Lisboa (UdL)
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was held across Portugal. The final match was won by
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Lisbon, Agence France-Presse in (25 November 2015).
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United Kingdom of Portugal, Brazil and the Algarves
3016: 3007: 2350:"Superfície Que municípios têm maior e menor área?" 884: 872: 860: 850: 842: 823: 797: 773: 754: 724: 699: 680: 661: 647: 628: 609: 591: 581: 566: 547: 540: 530: 516: 509: 492: 479: 466: 453: 440: 427: 414: 401: 388: 377: 367: 348: 331: 309: 297: 245: 215: 203: 193: 149: 23: 1873:In October 2016, former Portuguese Prime Minister 1669:the communists: that were in favour of creating a 1650:the socialists: that were in favour of creating a 907:, spoken in some villages of the municipality of 2527:"Right gains power by narrow margin in Portugal" 84: 28: 1563:returned to the country for the celebration of 2981: 1422: 522:92,212 km (35,603 sq mi) ( 8: 2435: 2433: 2431: 2429: 2257:"SEF - Serviço de Estrangeiros e Fronteiras" 1717:, as leader of Social Democratic Party and 2720:. 22 March 2012 – via news.bbc.co.uk. 2261:Portal Serviço de Estrangeiros e Fronteiras 2240:The Euromosaic study, Mirandese in Portugal 1916:XXIII Constitutional Government of Portugal 3783:States and territories established in 1974 3524: 3440: 3347: 3281: 3013: 2988: 2974: 2966: 1603:, considered to be the more moderate one. 1429: 1415: 944: 119: 20: 2746:"Portugal passes latest austerity budget" 2631:European Commission - European Commission 2179:), awarding it an official right-of-use. 1881:. He took office on 1 January 2017, when 1862:In January 2016, centre-right politician 915:), awarding it an official right-of-use. 710: 2879:. Agence France-Presse. 25 January 2021. 2321:"Surface water and surface water change" 1744:On 1 January 2002, Portugal adopted the 1521:In Portugal, 1926 marked the end of the 573: 554: 2235: 2233: 2196: 2161: 2152:Portuguese Constitution adopted in 1976 2144: 1618:Estado-Maior-General das Forças Armadas 1389: 958: 947: 934:Portuguese Constitution adopted in 1976 898: 822: 772: 679: 646: 627: 590: 580: 539: 529: 508: 376: 192: 2680:Pettinger, Tejvan (26 February 2018). 2202: 2200: 2591:"José Sócrates | World Leaders Forum" 2414:from the original on 23 November 2022 2175:, was officially recognized in 1999 ( 1877:was officially appointed as the next 911:, was officially recognized in 1999 ( 796: 660: 608: 565: 546: 515: 491: 478: 465: 452: 439: 426: 413: 400: 387: 383: 347: 330: 326: 202: 7: 2504:United Nations Development Programme 1711:President of the European Commission 2267:from the original on 13 August 2023 1658:and were mainly represented by the 2497:"Human Development Report 2023/24" 2308:Constitution of Portugal, Preamble 1912:January 2022 snap general election 1870:as the new president of Portugal. 1615:. Both had been expelled from the 205:Recognised regional languages 136: (green & dark grey) 14: 2525:Nash, Elizabeth (18 March 2002). 1942:Presidents of the Republic (1974– 1168:Imperial decline, war, and revolt 3266: 2408:Statistics Portugal - Web Portal 2100: 2067: 2028: 2005: 1879:United Nations Secretary-General 1812:Portugal suffered from a severe 1748:as its currency in place of the 1621:for criticizing the government. 1577:Processo Revolucionário Em Curso 1398: 1288:Processo Revolucionário Em Curso 1123:War of the Portuguese Succession 969: 735: 734: 709: 687: 686: 668: 667: 635: 634: 616: 615: 572: 553: 98: 63: 49: 3788:1974 establishments in Portugal 3158:History of Portugal (1777–1834) 1847:In October 2015 parliamentary 1802:European sovereign-debt crisis 1: 3763:Political history of Portugal 3753:History of Portugal by polity 2609:"Portugal profile - Timeline" 2177:Lei n.° 7/99 de 29 de Janeiro 1457:corresponding to the current 1451:Terceira República Portuguesa 913:Lei n.° 7/99 de 29 de Janeiro 2506:. 13 March 2024. p. 288 2092:GDP per capita (in US$ PPP) 1779:The Portuguese presidential 1592:Movimento das Forças Armadas 1250:Portugal during World War II 1078:Portuguese House of Burgundy 1048:Umayyad conquest of Hispania 672:$ 298.949 billion ( 620:$ 485.742 billion ( 2535:. Independent Print Limited 2449:International Monetary Fund 1775:2006 presidential elections 1533:António de Oliveira Salazar 1473:António de Oliveira Salazar 1461:regime installed after the 1218:Portugal during World War I 587:115.4/km (298.9/sq mi) 16:Portuguese state since 1974 3809: 3758:Modern history of Portugal 2682:"Portugal Economic Crisis" 2171:, spoken in the region of 2044:Prime Minister of Portugal 1719:Prime Minister of Portugal 1679:Portuguese Communist Party 1574: 1546:On 25 April 1974 a mostly 1510: 998:Roman conquest of Hispania 3768:Republicanism in Portugal 3743:Third Portuguese Republic 3694: 3527: 3443: 3350: 3284: 3264: 2595:worldleaders.columbia.edu 2573:"Santana Lopes is new PM" 1597:Otelo Saraiva de Carvalho 1443:Third Portuguese Republic 896: 505: 384: 363: 327: 241: 118: 79: 45: 3778:21st century in Portugal 3773:20th century in Portugal 3468:Exclusive Economic Zone 3355:Administrative divisions 2181:Portuguese Sign Language 2054:Economic data since 1980 1837:, won the parliamentary 1645:Francisco Pinto Balsemão 1641:Francisco de Sá Carneiro 1609:Francisco da Costa Gomes 1003:Romanization of Hispania 917:Portuguese Sign Language 372:Assembly of the Republic 3183:Constitutional monarchy 2627:"Portugal and the euro" 2289:. RTP. 23 November 2022 2013:Marcelo Rebelo de Sousa 1864:Marcelo Rebelo de Sousa 1816:between 2009 and 2016. 1725:Socialist Party leader 1713:. He was succeeded by 1705:on the following year, 1541:Portuguese Colonial War 1294:Transition to democracy 1262:Portuguese Colonial War 1183:Constitutional Monarchy 1163:Great Lisbon earthquake 928: 921: 899: 568:• 2021 census 342:Marcelo Rebelo de Sousa 322:constitutional republic 194:Official languages 3486:Science and technology 3153:1761 Lisbon earthquake 3148:1755 Lisbon earthquake 1963:Prime Ministers (1974– 1635:(Liberal Wing) of the 1581:After the fall of the 1513:Estado Novo (Portugal) 1508: 1450: 1113:Portuguese Renaissance 85: 29: 3188:Republican Revolution 3133:Treaty of Tordesillas 3118:Portuguese golden age 3103:1383–1385 interregnum 2704:www.robert-schuman.eu 2667:www.robert-schuman.eu 2021:President of Portugal 1796:Economic difficulties 1703:legislative elections 1506: 1453:) is a period in the 1213:Monarchy of the North 819:UTC (Atlantic/Azores) 532:• Water (%) 3682:World Heritage Sites 3218:Carnation Revolution 2718:"Timeline: Portugal" 2410:. 23 November 2022. 2134:Treaties of Portugal 1841:earlier same month. 1654:state like those of 1601:Ernesto Melo Antunes 1571:After the revolution 1552:Carnation Revolution 1517:Carnation Revolution 1485:its African colonies 1463:Carnation Revolution 1282:Carnation Revolution 1133:Dutch-Portuguese War 828:Continental Portugal 799:• Summer ( 549:• 2023 estimate 483:Current constitution 227:Portuguese nationals 30:República Portuguesa 3748:Portuguese Republic 3093:Kingdom of Portugal 3087:Manifestis Probatum 2752:. 26 November 2013. 2244:European Commission 2242:, europa.eu – 2183:is also recognized. 1927:Democratic Alliance 1835:Pedro Passos Coelho 1821:Anibal Cavaco Silva 1789:Aníbal Cavaco Silva 1715:Pedro Santana Lopes 1707:José Manuel Barroso 1637:Assembleia Nacional 1455:history of Portugal 1405:Portugal portal 926:By country of birth 919:is also recognized. 233:resident foreigners 174: /  25:Portuguese Republic 3496:Telecommunications 3173:Liberal Revolution 3076:County of Portugal 2915:. 31 January 2022. 2843:. 11 January 2021. 2825:. 14 October 2016. 2807:. 24 January 2016. 1613:António de Spínola 1589:unified under the 1531:, that was led by 1509: 1103:Imperial expansion 1068:County of Portugal 1023:Visigothic Kingdom 988:Prehistoric Iberia 838:are 1 hour behind. 834:use WET/WEST; the 657:2024 estimate 605:2024 estimate 444:First constitution 130: (dark green) 3793:1970s in Portugal 3730: 3729: 3690: 3689: 3514: 3513: 3430: 3429: 3417:Political parties 3370:Foreign relations 3337: 3336: 3299:Iberian Peninsula 3262: 3261: 3108:Treaty of Windsor 2861:. 7 October 2019. 2770:. 5 October 2015. 2577:Portugal Resident 2122: 2121: 2089: 2088: 2059:GDP growth % 1997:Incumbent leaders 1819:In January 2011, 1652:social-democratic 1439: 1438: 1312:COVID-19 pandemic 1244:Ditadura Nacional 1173:Transfer of Court 1158:House of Braganza 1118:Portuguese Empire 1063:Almoravid dynasty 993:Pre-Roman Peoples 943: 942: 718:medium inequality 682:• Per capita 630:• Per capita 449:23 September 1822 319:semi-presidential 126:Location of  111: 3800: 3710: 3703: 3525: 3471: 3458:Economic history 3441: 3348: 3282: 3270: 3081:Treaty of Zamora 3014: 2990: 2983: 2976: 2967: 2960: 2959: 2957: 2955: 2941: 2935: 2934: 2923: 2917: 2916: 2905: 2899: 2898: 2887: 2881: 2880: 2869: 2863: 2862: 2851: 2845: 2844: 2833: 2827: 2826: 2815: 2809: 2808: 2797: 2791: 2790: 2778: 2772: 2771: 2760: 2754: 2753: 2742: 2736: 2735: 2728: 2722: 2721: 2714: 2708: 2707: 2696: 2690: 2689: 2677: 2671: 2670: 2659: 2653: 2652: 2641: 2635: 2634: 2623: 2617: 2616: 2605: 2599: 2598: 2587: 2581: 2580: 2569: 2563: 2562: 2551: 2545: 2544: 2542: 2540: 2522: 2516: 2515: 2513: 2511: 2501: 2493: 2487: 2486: 2484: 2482: 2467: 2461: 2460: 2458: 2456: 2437: 2424: 2423: 2421: 2419: 2400: 2394: 2393: 2391: 2389: 2371: 2365: 2364: 2362: 2360: 2347: 2343: 2337: 2336: 2334: 2332: 2317: 2311: 2305: 2299: 2298: 2296: 2294: 2283: 2277: 2276: 2274: 2272: 2253: 2247: 2237: 2228: 2227: 2225: 2223: 2218:on 18 March 2002 2214:. Archived from 2204: 2184: 2173:Terra de Miranda 2166: 2155: 2149: 2104: 2103: 2096: 2071: 2070: 2063: 2032: 2009: 1875:Antonio Guterres 1699:António Guterres 1481:new constitution 1431: 1424: 1417: 1403: 1402: 1401: 1380:Madeiran history 1316: 1308: 1304:Financial crisis 1223:1926 coup d'état 1096:Age of Discovery 1083:1383–1385 Crisis 1058:Gharb Al-Andalus 973: 963: 945: 932: 925: 909:Miranda do Douro 903: 812: 782: 745: 744: 738: 737: 731: 720: 719: 713: 712: 706: 690: 689: 671: 670: 654: 638: 637: 619: 618: 602: 576: 575: 558:10,639,726 ( 557: 556: 431:Treaty of Zamora 344: 219: 206: 189: 188: 186: 185: 184: 179: 178:38.767°N 9.150°W 175: 172: 171: 170: 167: 152:and largest city 123: 113: 112: 95: 94:"The Portuguese" 90: 67: 53: 40: 32: 21: 3808: 3807: 3803: 3802: 3801: 3799: 3798: 3797: 3733: 3732: 3731: 3726: 3713: 3706: 3699: 3686: 3662:Public holidays 3606: 3510: 3469: 3426: 3390:Law enforcement 3333: 3271: 3258: 3227: 3143:Restoration War 3003: 2994: 2964: 2963: 2953: 2951: 2943: 2942: 2938: 2933:. 2 April 2024. 2925: 2924: 2920: 2907: 2906: 2902: 2897:. 18 June 2021. 2889: 2888: 2884: 2871: 2870: 2866: 2853: 2852: 2848: 2835: 2834: 2830: 2817: 2816: 2812: 2799: 2798: 2794: 2780: 2779: 2775: 2762: 2761: 2757: 2744: 2743: 2739: 2730: 2729: 2725: 2716: 2715: 2711: 2698: 2697: 2693: 2679: 2678: 2674: 2661: 2660: 2656: 2643: 2642: 2638: 2625: 2624: 2620: 2607: 2606: 2602: 2589: 2588: 2584: 2579:. 21 July 2004. 2571: 2570: 2566: 2553: 2552: 2548: 2538: 2536: 2532:The Independent 2524: 2523: 2519: 2509: 2507: 2499: 2495: 2494: 2490: 2480: 2478: 2469: 2468: 2464: 2454: 2452: 2451:. 16 April 2024 2439: 2438: 2427: 2417: 2415: 2402: 2401: 2397: 2387: 2385: 2373: 2372: 2368: 2358: 2356: 2348: 2346:(in Portuguese) 2345: 2344: 2340: 2330: 2328: 2319: 2318: 2314: 2306: 2302: 2292: 2290: 2285: 2284: 2280: 2270: 2268: 2255: 2254: 2250: 2238: 2231: 2221: 2219: 2206: 2205: 2198: 2193: 2188: 2187: 2167: 2163: 2158: 2150: 2146: 2142: 2130: 2118: 2105: 2101: 2085: 2072: 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Republic 3190: 3185: 3180: 3175: 3170: 3165: 3163:Peninsular War 3160: 3155: 3150: 3145: 3140: 3135: 3130: 3125: 3120: 3115: 3110: 3105: 3100: 3095: 3090: 3083: 3078: 3073: 3068: 3063: 3058: 3053: 3048: 3043: 3038: 3033: 3028: 3022: 3020: 3011: 3005: 3004: 2995: 2993: 2992: 2985: 2978: 2970: 2962: 2961: 2936: 2918: 2900: 2882: 2864: 2846: 2828: 2810: 2792: 2773: 2755: 2737: 2723: 2709: 2691: 2686:Economics Help 2672: 2654: 2651:. 4 June 2020. 2636: 2618: 2615:. 18 May 2018. 2600: 2582: 2564: 2546: 2517: 2488: 2462: 2425: 2395: 2366: 2338: 2312: 2300: 2278: 2248: 2229: 2195: 2194: 2192: 2189: 2186: 2185: 2160: 2159: 2157: 2156: 2143: 2141: 2138: 2137: 2136: 2129: 2126: 2120: 2119: 2108: 2106: 2099: 2087: 2086: 2075: 2073: 2066: 2055: 2052: 2034: 2027: 2026: 2011: 2004: 2003: 2002: 2001: 2000: 1998: 1995: 1970: 1949: 1938: 1935: 1897: 1894: 1809: 1806: 1797: 1794: 1776: 1773: 1757: 1754: 1741: 1738: 1731:2009 elections 1694: 1691: 1687: 1686: 1681:(PCP), led by 1667: 1656:Western Europe 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Index

Portuguese
Flag of Portugal
Flag
Coat of arms of Portugal
Coat of arms
A Portuguesa
Location of Portugal (dark green) – in Europe (green & dark grey) – in the European Union (green)
Portugal
Europe
European Union
Lisbon
38°46′N 9°9′W / 38.767°N 9.150°W / 38.767; -9.150
Portuguese
Mirandese
Portuguese nationals
resident foreigners
Christianity
Catholicism
Christian
No religion
Others
Demonym(s)
Portuguese
Government
Unitary
semi-presidential
constitutional republic
President
Marcelo Rebelo de Sousa
Prime Minister

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