133:
315:
cease their movement immediately after their delivery, planting their feet before the ball arrives to the batsman to react to a ball hit back up the pitch toward them. The bowler is generally understood to have the responsibility to defend the stumps at the non-strikers end of the pitch and so after a shot is made they will return to the stumps to catch any incoming throw, on rare occasions where a wicket-keeper has fallen or had to run to gather the ball the bowler may be the closest to the non-strikers stumps as well and so will move to the other end of the pitch. Once the play is dead they will walk back toward their bowling mark. In the laws of cricket the ball play is considered dead after the runners have ceased attempting to score and the ball has been returned to either the wicket-keeper or the bowler.
684:
behind the wicket-keeper when not in use. Some grounds have purpose-built temporary storage for the helmet, shin pads etc., in the form of a cavity beneath the field, accessed through a hatch about 1 m (3 ft) across flush with the grass. 5 penalty runs are awarded to the batting side should the ball touch a fielder's headgear whilst it is not being worn, unless the ball previously struck a batter not attempting to hit or avoid the ball. This rule was introduced in the 19th century to prevent the unfair practice of a fielder using a hat (often a
527:. Additionally a player may not make any significant movement after the ball comes into play and before the ball reaches the striker. If this happens, an umpire will call and signal 'dead ball'. For close fielders, anything other than minor adjustments to stance or position in relation to the striker is significant. In the outfield, fielders may move in towards the striker or striker's wicket; indeed, they usually do. However, anything other than slight movement off line or away from the striker is to be considered significant.
125:
841:, "Dressing rooms were once populated by the team and the twelfth man, one physiotherapist at most, perhaps a selector and the occasional visitor. That was all. Now, apart from the two main coaches, there are 'emergency fielders' galore; you can hardly see yourself for batting, bowling, fielding coaches, psychoanalysts and statistical wizards and a whole army of physiotherapists". Baseball fielding coaches have been sought out for this purpose before.
545:
664:
324:
792:
49:
783:, elevating the expectations on the batting side of a wicket-keeper while retaining high level fielding ability. Wicket-keepers are allowed to bowl though this is extremely rare at higher levels, and no serious attempt has been made to use a wicket-keeper as a regular bowler in top level international cricket.
744:
Players noted for their agility, acceleration, ground diving and throwing accuracy will often field in the infield positions such as point, cover and mid-wicket. In short forms like T20 and One-Day internationals, the fastest players on a team will be used as "sweepers", on the sides the field at the
727:
Slips and bat pad require fast reactions, an ability to anticipate the trajectory of the ball as soon as it takes the edge, and intense concentration. Most top slip fielders tend to be top-order batters, as these are both skills that require excellent hand–eye coordination. Wicket-keepers and bat-pad
639:
The reverse tactic can be used, by fast and slow bowlers alike, by placing seven or eight fielders on the off side and bowling far outside off stump. The batter can safely allow the ball to pass without fear of it hitting the stumps, but will not score. If they want to score they will have to try and
765:
Wicket-keepers were the one exception to the rule, as their specialist position was viewed as being so important that fielding as a keeper was more important than their batting, although they were still generally expected to be competent enough to play at the #7 position in the batting order, before
749:
Players are not selected purely because of their fielding skills in modern organised cricket. All players are expected to win their place in the team as a specialist batter, bowler or all-rounder. Due to the lack of restrictions on substitute fielders some teams will use a well regarded fielder from
740:
Pace bowlers will often be found fielding in the third man, fine leg and deep backward square positions during the overs between those they are bowling. These positions mean that they are at the correct end for their bowling over. They should see relatively little fielding action with plenty of time
706:
Close catchers require the ability to be able to take quick reaction catches with a high degree of consistency. This can require considerable efforts of concentration as a catcher may only be required to take one catch in an entire game, but their success in taking that catch may have a considerable
535:
With only nine fielders (in addition to the bowler and wicket-keeper), there are not enough to cover every part of the field simultaneously. The captain of the fielding team must decide which fielding positions to use, and which to leave vacant. The placement of fielders is one of the major tactical
261:
Long stop, who stands behind the wicket-keeper towards the boundary (usually when a wicket-keeper is believed to be inept; the position is almost never seen in professional cricket). It was an important position in the early days of cricket, but with the development of wicket-keeping techniques from
567:
A defensive field is one in which most of the field is within easy reach of one or more fielders; the batter will therefore find it difficult to score runs. This generally involves having most fielders some distance from, and in front of, the batter, in positions where the ball is most likely to be
163:
There are a number of named basic fielding positions, some of which are employed very commonly and others that are used less often. However, these positions are neither fixed nor precisely defined, and fielders can be placed in positions that differ from the basic positions. The nomenclature of the
683:
Fielders are permitted to wear a helmet and face guard. This is usually employed in a position such as silly point or silly mid-wicket, where proximity to the batter gives little time to avoid a shot directly at their head. If the helmet is only being used for overs from one end, it will be placed
314:
after delivering the ball must avoid running on the pitch, and so usually ends up fielding near silly mid on or silly mid off. Fast bowlers will continue running to exit the pitch and only change direction for balls dropped in front of the wicket. Spin bowlers with the slowest run-ups will usually
774:
were in a constant selection battle for
England's wicket-keeper position, with Stewart's superior batting competing with Russell who was considered the best wicket-keeper in the world. The back and forth over who should keep wickets lasted for Russell's entire test career from 1989 through to his
710:
Infielders field between 20 and 40 yards away from the batter. The ball will often be hit at them extremely hard, and they require excellent athleticism as well as courage in stopping it from passing them. Infield catches range from simple, slow moving chances known as "dollies" to hard hit balls
629:
and have seven fielders on the leg side, and will bowl significantly wide of the leg stump to prevent scoring. Often the ball is so wide that the batter cannot hit the ball straight of mid-on while standing still, and cannot hit to the off side unless they try unorthodox and risky shots such as a
559:
An attacking field is one in which fielders are positioned in such a way that they are likely to take catches, and thus likely to get the batter out. Such a field generally involves having many fielders close to the batter. For a pace bowler, an attacking field will usually include multiple slips
450:
Additionally, commentators or spectators discussing the details of field placement will often use the terms for descriptive phrases such as "gully is a bit wider than normal" (meaning he/she is more to the side than normal) or "mid off is standing too deep, he/she should come in shorter" (meaning
714:
Outfielders field furthest from the bat, typically right on the boundary edge. Their main role is to prevent the ball from going over the boundary and scoring four or six runs. They need good footspeed to be able to get around the field quickly, and a strong arm to be able to make the 50–80-yard
601:
When attacking, there may be 3 or 4 slips and 1 or 2 gullies, potentially using up to six fielders in that region alone. This would typically be accompanied by a mid off, mid on, and fine leg, making it a 7–2 field. Although there are only two fielders on the leg side, they should get relatively
731:
It is common for the captain of a team to position themselves at slip or a similar close in fielding position. This enables them to remain close to the bowler, wicket-keeper and central umpire and to be able to survey the field from a central location in a similar manner to the batsman. It also
736:
was a specialist first slip fielder during his long career as an opening batsman. In his first match as the One-Day
International captain for Australia he took four catches at first slip against the West Indies, and in Test Matches he effected 157 catches with a significant amount at first
732:
reduces the energy they use during fielding as such positions are unlikely to require significant running or needing to shuttle back and forth swapping sides of the pitch when the batting partnership is one right and one left handed batter. Australian and New South Wales captain
602:
little work as long as the bowlers maintain a line outside off stump. This type of field leaves large gaps in front of the wicket, and is used to entice the batters to attack there, with the hope that they make a misjudgment and edge the ball to the catchers waiting behind them.
616:, bowl him behind their legs, or induce a catch on the leg side, the field may stack 4–5 towards the leg side. It is unusual to see more than five fielders on the leg side, because of the restriction that there must be no more than two fielders placed behind square leg.
502:), there may be no more than two fielders standing outside an oval line marked on the field, being semicircles centred on the middle stump of each wicket of radius 30 yards (27 m), joined by straight lines parallel to the pitch. This is known as the fielding circle.
327:
Example of two close fielders: a short leg and a silly point stand close to the batters on either side of the pitch. They are both wearing protective equipment (helmets and leg pads). The wicket-keeper is 'standing up' to the stumps, and the square leg umpire is also
168:– one word (leg, cover, mid-wicket) specifies the angle from the batter, and is sometimes preceded by an adjective describing the distance from the batter (silly, short, deep or long). Words such as "backward", "forward", or "square" can further indicate the angle.
132:
711:
that require a spectacular diving catch. Finally, infielders are the main source of run outs in a game of cricket, and their ability to get to the ball quickly, throw it straight and hard and make a direct hit on the stumps is an important skill.
836:
The use of specialist fielding coaches has become more prevalent since the turn of the 21st century, following the trend of specialist batting and bowling coaches within professional cricket. According to cricket broadcaster
667:
A silly point (far) and a short leg (near) fielding for
Nottinghamshire. Both are wearing helmets. The wicket-keeper's shin pads are on the outside of their trousers, but the fielders must fit their guards underneath their
473:(the central strip of the playing area between the wickets). If their body casts a shadow over the pitch, the shadow must not move until after the batter has played (or had the opportunity to play) at the ball.
155:
of the fielding team. The captain (usually in consultation with the bowler and sometimes other members of the team) may move players between fielding positions at any time except when a bowler is in the act of
583:
Another consideration when setting a field is how many fielders to have on each side of the pitch. With nine fielders to place, the division must necessarily be unequal, but the degree of inequality varies.
758:, a 24 year old batter who was already past the peak of his batting career in first class cricket. Pratt fielded a quick single from Damien Martyn then threw down the stumps to dismiss Australian Captain
680:
protectors, groin protectors ('boxes') and chest protectors beneath their clothing. Apart from the wicket-keeper, protection for the hand or fingers may be worn only with the consent of the umpires.
568:
hit. Defensive fields generally have multiple fielders stationed close to the boundary rope to prevent fours being scored, and others close to the fielding circle, where they can prevent singles.
515:
The restriction for one-day cricket is designed to prevent the fielding team from setting extremely defensive fields and concentrating solely on preventing the batting team from scoring runs.
750:
local club sides as an 'emergency fielder', who temporarily takes the place of another player and is prohibited from bowling, batting or acting as captain. An example of this was in the
587:
When describing a field setting, the numbers of fielders on the off side and leg side are often abbreviated into a shortened form, with the off side number quoted first. For example, a
110:
are awarded to the batting side, unless the ball previously struck a batter not attempting to hit or avoid the ball. Most of the rules covering fielders are set out in Law 28 of the
102:
A fielder may field the ball with any part of their body. However, if, while the ball is in play, he/she wilfully fields it otherwise (e.g. by using their hat) the ball becomes
116:. Fake fielding is the action when a fielder makes bodily movements to feign fielding to fool batters into making mistakes and is a punishable offence under the ICC rules.
575:; how long the batter has been in; the wear on the ball; the state of the wicket; the light and weather conditions; or the time remaining until the next interval in play.
655:
the ball into the air. For slower bowlers, the leg trap fieldsmen tend to be placed within 10–15 m from the bat behind square, to catch leg glances and sweeps.
630:
reverse sweep or pull, or switch their handedness. The batter can back away to the leg side to hit through the off side, but can expose their stumps in doing so.
564:) and a gully; these are common positions for catching mishit shots. For a spin bowler, attacking positions include one or two slips, short leg or silly point.
820:
describes how the record was set around 1882, by one Robert
Percival at Durham Sands Racecourse, at 140 yards and two feet (128.7 m). Former Essex all-rounder
1247:
247:, is a position specifically intended to catch balls that unintentionally strike the bat and leg pad, and thus end up only a metre or two to the leg side.
640:
risk an edge to a wide ball and hit through the packed off side, or try to drag the ball from far outside the stumps to the sparsely-populated leg side.
605:
As fields get progressively more defensive, fielders will move out of the slip and gully area to cover more of the field, leading to 6–3 and 5–4 fields.
594:
Usually, most fielders are placed on the off side. This is because most bowlers tend to concentrate the line of their deliveries on or outside the off
692:
306:
On the 45. A position on the leg side 45° behind square, defending the single. An alternative description for backward short leg or short fine leg.
87:
either batter before they can complete their current run. There are a number of recognised fielding positions and they can be categorised into the
342:
As close as the fielder needs to be to prevent the batters from running a quick single, normally about 15–20 yards (14–18 m) from the wicket.
1424:
414:
Closer to an extension of an imaginary line along the middle of the pitch bisecting the stumps, when describing a fielder in front of square.
691:
As cricket balls are hard and can travel at high speeds off the bat, protective equipment is recommended to prevent injury. There have been
350:
As close as the fielder needs to be to prevent the batters from running two runs, normally about 50–60 yards (46–55 m) from the wicket.
767:
406:
Closer to an extension of an imaginary line along the middle of the pitch bisecting the stumps, when describing a fielder behind square.
799:
151:, so only nine other fielding positions can be occupied at any time. Where fielders are positioned is a tactical decision made by the
814:
There have been many competitions for throwing a cricket ball the furthest distance, particularly in the earlier years of the game.
476:
There may be no more than two fielders, other than the wicket-keeper, standing in the quadrant of the field behind square leg. See
1429:
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460:
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to react, allowing them to rest between overs. They also usually have an ability to throw the ball long distances accurately.
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batter. The area to the left of a right-handed batter (from the batter's point of view – facing the bowler) is called the
1021:
160:
to a batter, though there are exceptions for fielders moving in anticipation of the ball being hit to a particular area.
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1077:
571:
Many elements govern the decisions on field placements, including: the tactical situation in the match; which bowler is
676:
may wear gloves or external leg guards, though fielders (in particular players fielding near to the bat) may also wear
1414:
807:
925:
1233:
52:
A wicket-keeper (bending down) and three slips wait for the next ball. The batter – out of shot – is a left-hander.
33:
1038:
828:, the non-cricketer Soviet javelin thrower, who won the Olympic gold medal in 1968, once threw a ball 150 yards.
266:, it became obsolete at the highest levels of the game. The position is sometimes euphemistically referred to as
446:; further towards the end occupied by the batter on strike and further away from the end occupied by the bowler.
434:; further towards the end occupied by the bowler and further away from the end occupied by the batter on strike.
1090:
On 20 February 1998, Raman Lamba fielding at forward short-leg without a helmet on, was struck on the forehead.
99:
where four "runs" are awarded for reaching the perimeter and six for crossing it without touching the grass.
1182:
465:
Fielders may be placed anywhere on the field, subject to the following rules. At the time the ball is bowled:
1331:
733:
1215:
285:(that is, near the boundary on the off side or the on side), usually defensive and intended to prevent a
508:
For overs no. 41–50 (powerplay 3) maximum of five fielders are allowed to be outside the 30-yard circle.
203:
Some fielding positions are used offensively. That is, players are put there with the main aim being to
976:
647:, which involves placing fielders near the boundary at deep square and backward square leg and bowling
1310:
1293:
1161:
Match Fixing, Hang the
Culprits, Indian Cricket: Lacklustre Performance and Lack of a Killer Instinct
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776:
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very edge of the boundary where their pace can enable them to stop a ball from going for 6 or 4 runs.
292:
1100:
On 25 November 2014, Phil Hughes batting with a helmet on, suffered a blow to the back of the neck.
877:
850:
505:
For overs no. 11–40 (powerplay 2), no more than four fielders should be outside the 30-yard circle.
499:
195:, the leg and off sides are reversed and the fielding positions are a mirror image of those shown.
103:
76:
422:
Further from an extension of an imaginary line along the middle of the pitch bisecting the stumps.
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Many cricketers are particularly adept in one fielding position and will usually be found there:
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threw a ball 138 yards (126.19 m) in Cape Town in 1981. There are unconfirmed reports that
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the batter rather than to stop or slow down the scoring of runs. These positions include
951:"All Cricket Fielding Positions explained to better understand the commentary next time"
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throw. Outfielders also often have to catch high hit balls that go over the infield.
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1112:"PitchVision – Live Local Matches | Tips & Techniques | Articles & Podcasts"
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Very close to the batter, so-called because of the perceived danger of doing so.
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The image shows the location of most of the named fielding positions based on a
107:
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of the field. Fielding also involves trying to prevent the ball from making a
40:
223:, etc., numbered outwards from the wicket-keeper – collectively known as the
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39:"Square leg" redirects here. For the British civil defence exercise, see
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798:, who typically fielded at backward point, has been fielding coach for
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524:
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451:
he/she is too far away and should be positioned closer to the batter).
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84:
60:
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No fielder may be standing on or with any part of their body over the
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bowler, decides to attack the batter's legs in an attempt to force a
1225:
295:, an informal jocular term for the position on the boundary between
695:, but they are extremely rare, and not always related to fielding.
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136:
Some historic fielding position names, from the 1893 publication
164:
positions is somewhat esoteric, but roughly follows a system of
48:
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211:(often there are multiple slips next to each other, designated
1149:
My A-Z of
Cricket: A Personal Celebration of our Glorious Game
1116:
PitchVision – Advance
Cricket Technology | Cricket Analytics
262:
the 1880s, notably at first by the
Australian wicket-keeper
1111:
1183:"Mike Young fires stern parting words at Darren Lehmann"
591:
means 5 fielders on the off side and 4 on the leg side.
231:
off the bat; Gully; Fly slip; Leg slip; Leg gully; the
926:"MCC revises fielder movement Law | ESPNcricinfo.com"
779:
was introduced with the success of the heavy hitting
775:
retirement in 1998. In the early 2000's the role of
728:
tend to be amongst the shortest players of the team.
1366:
1345:
1319:
1264:
643:Another attacking placement on the leg side is the
977:"Cricket Fielding Positions and Field Placements"
703:Fielding in cricket requires a range of skills.
32:"Third Man" redirects here. For other uses, see
75:that the striker scores and/or to get a batter
672:No member of the fielding side other than the
394:Somewhere along an imaginary extension of the
1241:
8:
1036:'silly, adj., n., and adv' (definition 5d),
128:Fielding positions for a right-handed batter
63:is the action of fielders in collecting the
598:, so most shots are hit into the off side.
480:for details on one reason this rule exists.
143:There are 11 players in a team: one is the
1248:
1234:
1226:
1159:, 9781529378504. See also Naresh Sharma,
536:considerations for the fielding captain.
901:"Men's ODI Match Clause 41: Unfair Play"
1049:
1047:
892:
519:If any of these rules is violated, an
29:Collecting the ball to force dismissal
1076:Williamson, Martin (14 August 2010).
120:Fielding position names and locations
7:
707:effect on the outcome of the match.
83:a hit ball before it bounces, or by
1216:A guide to fielding positions – BBC
1163:(Delhi: Minerva Press, 2001), 215.
1151:. London: Hodder & Stoughton.
138:The reliable book of outdoor games
25:
1078:"The tragic death of Raman Lamba"
358:Literally, right on the boundary.
273:Sweeper, an alternative name for
227:) meant to catch balls that just
187:, while that to the right is the
693:a few recorded deaths in cricket
651:to try to induce the batter to
461:Fielding restrictions (cricket)
455:Restrictions on field placement
625:Sometimes a spinner will bowl
1:
1425:Cricket captaincy and tactics
1221:Fielding Positions In Cricket
370:Farther away from the batter.
832:Specialist fielding coaches
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1019:Bluffer's Guide to Cricket
1006:The Maitland Daily Mercury
754:series with England using
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618:
531:Tactics of field placement
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67:after it is struck by the
38:
34:Third Man (disambiguation)
31:
1211:Fielding Tactics and Tips
1039:Oxford English Dictionary
975:Rakesh (19 August 2018).
523:will call the delivery a
71:, to limit the number of
1002:"Cricket: The Long Stop"
766:the usual four bowlers.
579:Off- and leg-side fields
551:fields at slip during a
1430:Positions (team sports)
1147:Blofeld, Henry (2019).
787:Throwing a cricket ball
608:If a bowler, usually a
540:Attacking and defending
1055:"Law 28 – The fielder"
1008:: 9. 18 February 1928.
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378:Closer to the batter.
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1187:Sunshine Coast Daily
1024:23 July 2008 at the
930:www.espncricinfo.com
777:Wicket-keeper-batter
659:Protective equipment
1420:Cricket terminology
905:www.icc-cricket.com
878:Fielding (baseball)
851:Cricket terminology
688:) to take a catch.
191:. If the batter is
147:and another is the
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264:Jack Blackham
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257:Wicket-keeper
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1384:Third umpire
1320:Batting side
1300:
1190:. Retrieved
1186:
1176:
1160:
1148:
1143:
1135:
1131:
1119:. Retrieved
1115:
1106:
1095:
1082:. Retrieved
1071:
1061:29 September
1059:. Retrieved
1037:
1032:
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1005:
996:
984:. Retrieved
980:
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958:. Retrieved
954:
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929:
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908:. Retrieved
904:
895:
882:
872:Other sports
871:
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835:
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800:South Africa
796:Jonty Rhodes
772:Alec Stewart
768:Jack Russell
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173:right-handed
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108:penalty runs
101:
56:
55:
45:
26:
1367:Non-players
1358:All-rounder
1282:Spin bowler
1277:Pace bowler
1192:8 September
1121:8 September
986:8 September
960:8 September
935:8 September
910:21 December
826:Jānis Lūsis
734:Mark Taylor
239:positions.
225:slip cordon
217:Second slip
193:left-handed
85:running out
1409:Categories
1311:Substitute
1181:jspasaro.
1169:8176622265
1157:1529378508
1084:12 October
887:References
756:Gary Pratt
752:2005 Ashes
635:Off theory
627:leg theory
621:Leg theory
560:(termed a
346:Saving two
334:Saving one
293:Cow corner
275:deep cover
221:Third slip
213:First slip
79:by either
41:Square Leg
1259:positions
668:clothing.
589:5–4 field
500:Powerplay
319:Modifiers
241:Short leg
205:catch out
106:and five
18:Third man
1022:Archived
845:See also
822:Ian Pont
649:bouncers
614:stumping
610:leg spin
553:Twenty20
483:In some
478:Bodyline
438:Backward
410:Straight
354:Right on
328:visible.
189:off side
178:leg side
97:boundary
93:leg side
81:catching
57:Fielding
1435:Cricket
1379:Referee
1353:Captain
1301:Fielder
1257:Cricket
866:Batting
861:Bowling
686:top hat
573:bowling
525:no-ball
496:innings
442:Behind
426:Forward
301:long on
245:bat pad
184:on side
158:bowling
153:captain
89:offside
61:cricket
1394:Scorer
1374:Umpire
1346:Others
1337:Runner
1327:Batter
1272:Bowler
1167:
1155:
1136:Wisden
817:Wisden
562:cordon
555:match.
521:umpire
494:of an
444:square
432:square
390:Square
312:bowler
145:bowler
1057:. MCC
808:Kenya
737:slip.
596:stump
498:(see
492:overs
471:pitch
382:Silly
374:Short
237:silly
233:short
1306:Slip
1194:2020
1165:ISBN
1153:ISBN
1123:2020
1086:2020
1063:2017
988:2020
962:2020
937:2020
912:2019
806:and
770:and
678:shin
653:hook
418:Wide
402:Fine
366:long
362:Deep
310:The
299:and
287:four
235:and
229:edge
209:Slip
104:dead
91:and
73:runs
65:ball
336:or
281:or
181:or
77:out
1411::
1185:.
1114:.
1046:^
1004:.
979:.
953:.
928:.
903:.
802:,
762:.
487::
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277:,
219:,
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914:.
810:.
398:.
303:.
270:.
43:.
36:.
20:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
