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208:. As a result of his prowess, Cletcher became Dean of the Guild of Gold- and Silversmiths in 1630 at the age of only 32, a position which he skillfully leveraged to make connections with various European noble houses. Possibly due to his English ancestry, he developed a long-lasting connection with the
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of the council began in 1645, a position to which he was reelected several times, before ultimately becoming mayor of The Hague in 1652. The mayorship was a highly prestigious post, and would have been considered the crowning achievement of a burgher's life. Cletcher served as mayor until 1657, when
212:, but was equally sought-after by other monarchs as an appraiser, intermediary in gem trades, and buyer of jewels that they wanted to pawn or sell. Cletcher kept extensive notes on his trades and produced drawings of the most notable objects, the majority of which survived and are held today by the
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Thomas grew up in an upper middle class household with at least one brother, the cartographer, painter and printer Daniël
Cletcher (c.1599–1632). He lived with his parents until 1625, when he married Anna Ghijsberti, a jeweller's daughter from Antwerp. After Anna's death in 1638, Thomas married
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Adriana van der
Willigen in 1639, the widow of Hendrick van Wouw, the son of the mayor of The Hague. When Adriana died only one year after the wedding, Thomas remarried a third time in 1642; this time the bride was Anna Hoeufft, daughter of a
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Over the next decades, Cletcher became a major force in the
Northern European market for diamonds and jewellery. It has been speculated that Cletcher was the buyer or middleman when Henrietta Maria attempted to pawn the
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Cletcher recorded the transaction with great satisfaction in his notebook, as he believed the jewel to in fact be worth 150,000 guilders, making the sale a true bargain for his benefactor
Frederick Henry.
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Thomas
Cletcher is known to posterity mostly through his profession as a jeweller, goldsmith, and gem dealer. In 1626, he designed a piece of jewellery in the shape of a branch of the
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by
Frederick Henry, whose appetite for luxury had grown with the successes of the Dutch Republic. Cletcher brought the Prince in contact with an Italian gem dealer living in
319:. The jewel is considered lost since 1645, and might have been sold or broken up by Cletcher after acquiring it. In 1644, he engineered the purchase of the 35-carat
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in order to alleviate
Charles' financial troubles. Henrietta Maria traded one of England's most impressive pieces of jewellery–the hat jewel known as the
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noble and merchant. Marriage into the
Hoeufft family increased Thomas's reputation, but he would ultimately outlive even his third wife by two years.
360:, and various real estate purchases. While his family assets are recorded as 6,000 guilders in 1627, by 1654 this had grown to over 90,000 guilders.
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241:–to Cletcher, who recorded the item in his sketchbook with the note that it had been "commissioned by Coninc Jacobus" (Charles' predecessor
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In addition to his activities as a jeweller, Cletcher was also a skillful investor in schemes such as the draining of marshland in the
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after the execution of her husband
Charles I. English royal jewels pawned with Cletcher in 1655 included a great cross of diamonds.
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and married
Tanneken van Bree in 1597; the couple welcomed their firstborn Thomas Cletcher in 1598 (sometimes styled as
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In 1652, Cletcher sold a pearl necklace to his regular customer Henrietta Maria, who at this point lived in exile in
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104:, who was involved in several transactions of jewels of historical significance, and also served as the city's
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662:
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628:
Strong, Roy (1966). "Three Royal Jewels: The Three Brothers, the Mirror of Great Britain and the Feather".
263:, and hanging underneath, one of the largest cut diamonds that existed in Europe at the time, the 55-carat
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in 1643, which might have been helped by his marriage into the noble Hoeufft family. His first term as
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Kuiper, Ilse (1992). "Thomas Cletcher jr. (1598-1666): van edelsmid tot burgemeester van Den Haag".
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were a crown jewel that was already 250 years old by then, and which had been owned by Duke
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574:"To Sell England's Jewels: Queen Henrietta Maria's visits to the Continent, 1642 and 1644"
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in 1659, where his son Thomas was mayor. Cletcher died in Amersfoort on 2 June 1666.
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jewel, which Henrietta Maria possibly sold or pawned to Cletcher in the 1640s
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From his first marriage with Anna Ghijsberti, Cletcher had five children:
156:. The son of Cletcher Sr. – also named Thomas – became a wine merchant in
100:(1598 – 2 June 1666) was a Dutch jeweller, goldsmith, and gem dealer from
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plant, also known as 'Solomon's Seal'. The piece caught the attention of
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Anna, who married Otto Viglius, the commissioner for the region of
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in the mid-16th century, where Thomas Cletcher Sr. registered as a
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of The Hague, who agreed to buy it for the large sum of 27,000
578:
E-rea. Revue Ă©lectronique d'Ă©tudes sur le monde anglophone
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Jacob, who died as a young man after his marriage in 1647.
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in 1643/44 in an attempt to finance Charles' army in the
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was broken up by Cletcher and never returned to England.
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Cletcher received his first appointment to the Hague
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to distinguish him from his father and grandfather).
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to the continent to pawn away what she could of the
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402:Hendrik, secretary at the Dutch embassy in Sweden.
144:in 1560. As a result of turmoil stemming from the
388:he retired from his business; he moved to nearby
118:Cletscher, Clisser, Clitsert, Clitchert, Cletzer
223:In 1625, Cletcher was the agent of choice when
505:Diamond Cuts in Historic Jewellery, 1381-1910
477:"Portret van burgemeester Thomas Cletcher jr"
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116:The Cletcher family (sometimes also spelled
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16:17th-century Dutch jeweller and gem dealer
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667:Calendar State Papers Domestic, 1655
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418:States General of the Netherlands
284:Comparison between a copy of the
273:some 13 years later in 1639, the
198:Frederick Henry, Prince of Orange
617:. Antique Collectors' Club Ltd.
669:(London, 1881), p. 60 no. 113.
132:. The family emigrated to the
35:Cletcher in 1643, portrait by
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711:Businesspeople from The Hague
373:The Municipality of The Hague
364:Public service and later life
356:region of France, milling in
329:–from the estate of the late
214:Museum Boijmans Van Beuningen
539:Scarisbrick, Diana (2012).
507:. Art Books International.
503:Tillander, Herbert (1995).
91:Jeweller, gem dealer, mayor
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148:between the Dutch and the
615:Famous Diamonds (5th ed.)
249:consisted of three large
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572:Humphrey, David (2014).
259:, with an equally large
663:Mary Anne Everett Green
630:The Burlington Magazine
481:Haags Historisch Museum
301:First English Civil War
238:Mirror of Great Britain
726:Artists from The Hague
613:Balfour, Iain (2009).
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124:) originally lived in
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112:Family and early life
460:Jaarboek "Die Haghe"
233:English crown jewels
225:Charles I of England
150:Habsburg Netherlands
83:Thomas Cletscher jr.
61:2 June 1666 (age 68)
721:Mayors of The Hague
256:Great H of Scotland
210:English royal house
162:Thomas Cletcher jr.
108:from 1652 to 1657.
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591:10.4000/erea.3715
407:Confrerie Pictura
309:John the Fearless
146:Eighty Years' War
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686:1598 births
339:Beau Sancy.
317:Elizabeth I
202:Stadtholder
194:Polygonatum
72:Nationality
680:Categories
486:2020-08-19
428:References
390:Amersfoort
322:Beau Sancy
315:and Queen
286:Beau Sancy
126:Colchester
65:Amersfoort
642:0007-6287
600:1638-1718
550:18 August
545:Sotheby's
523:901519718
414:Friesland
335:Amsterdam
311:, banker
218:Rotterdam
170:Dordrecht
158:The Hague
102:The Hague
51:The Hague
462:: 13–27.
385:alderman
305:Brothers
251:diamonds
206:guilders
416:in the
245:). The
142:Antwerp
138:burgher
130:England
650:875015
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358:Sweden
354:Poitou
303:. The
275:Mirror
247:Mirror
120:, and
646:JSTOR
584:(2).
347:Paris
327:Sancy
271:Sancy
266:Sancy
106:mayor
75:Dutch
638:ISSN
596:ISSN
552:2020
519:OCLC
509:ISBN
261:ruby
184:The
58:Died
47:1598
44:Born
634:108
586:doi
216:in
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Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
