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488:, King's Merchant to the Low Countries, had caused the English Government much financial embarrassment, the authorities called Gresham for advice, thereafter following his proposals. Gresham advocated the adoption of various methods – highly ingenious, but quite arbitrary and unfair – for raising the value of the
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William
Dauntsey displacing him. But Dauntsey's financial operations proved unsuccessful and Gresham was soon reinstated; and as he professed his zealous desire to serve the Queen, and manifested great adroitness both in negotiating loans and in smuggling money, arms and foreign goods, not only were
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Apart from some small sums to various charities, Gresham bequeathed the bulk of his property (consisting of estates in London and around
England giving an income of more than £2,300 a year) to his widow and her heirs, with the stipulation that after her death his own house in Bishopsgate Street and
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had discharged almost all of his debts. The
Government sought Gresham's advice in all their money difficulties, and also frequently employed him in various diplomatic missions. He had no stated salary, but in reward of his services received from King Edward various grants of lands, the annual value
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provided for this purpose a suitable location. In this proposal he seems to have had a good eye for his self-interest as well as for the general good of the City's merchants, for by a yearly rental of £700 obtained for the shops in the upper part of the building he received more than sufficient
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on 10 March 1567; but, though he spent the remainder of his life in London, he continued his business as merchant and government financial agent in much the same way as he had always done.
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during the 13th century and found there by a woman whose attention was drawn to the child by a grasshopper. Although a beautiful story, it is more likely that the grasshopper is simply a
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comp. chiefly from his correspondence preserved in Her
Majesty's state-paper office: including notices of many of his contemporaries. Published 1839 by R. Jennings in London . Volume I.
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In 1544 he married Anne
Ferneley, widow of Sir William Read, a London merchant. By his wife he had an only son who predeceased him. He also had an illegitimate daughter who married
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776:, had recognised the concept for years) because he urged Queen Elizabeth to restore the debased currency of England. However, Sir Thomas never formulated anything like
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Early banks all had distinctive signs displayed in this way, for example Lloyd's Bank in
Birmingham was "the sign of the black horse", which usage survives
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According to ancient legend, the founder of the family, Roger de
Gresham, was a foundling abandoned as a new-born baby among long grass in
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541:'s reign (1558–1603), besides continuing in his post as financial agent of the Crown, Gresham acted as Ambassador Plenipotentiary to the
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is indirectly named after
Gresham. It was established in 1817 by another Thomas Gresham, who was given that name as he was a
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772:(stated simply as: "Bad money drives out good") takes its name from him (although others, including the astronomer
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301:. After that, although his father wanted Thomas to become a merchant, Sir Richard first sent him to university at
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Gresham's initials "TG" and date 1563 with his golden grasshopper emblem, serving as the sign of a bank in
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659:'s; 'tis but a bauble, if compared to this. The nearest, that which most resembles this, is the great
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Queen
Elizabeth also found Gresham's abilities useful in a variety of other ways, including acting as
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Gresham appears as a background figure in a series of fictional mystery novels by the
British author
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his services retained throughout her reign (1553–1558), but besides his salary of twenty shillings
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Portrait of Thomas Gresham, aged approximately 41. From the collection of the Rijksmuseum.
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extols the quality of the building when asked if he has ever seen "a goodlier frame":
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of Fiona Buckley. The fictional heroine of the stories, Ursula Blanchard, lived in
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the sergeant-porter, was imprisoned in his house from June 1569 to the end of 1572.
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playing on the sound "grassh-" and "Gresh-". The Gresham family uses as its
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1248:, 6 volumes, ed. J. Payne Collier, London: The Shakespeare Society, 1851.
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This article incorporates text from a publication now in the
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with her first husband while he worked as one of Gresham's agents.
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in 1559 prior to his departure. The unsettled times preceding the
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1328:, ed. Dow, Leslie, Harleian Society, 1959, p. 12, image no. 450
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The Life of Sir Thomas Gresham: Founder of the Royal Exchange
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Argent, a Chevron Erminés between three Mullets pierced Sable
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Argent a Chevron Erminés between three Mullets pierced Sable
800:(a golden grasshopper on a green mound); it is displayed by
223:; c. 1519 – 21 November 1579) was an English
1368:. Vol. 12 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press.
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for negotiating favourable loans with foreign merchants.
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On London River: A Story of the Days of Queen Elizabeth
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of which at that time amounted ultimately to about 400
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Gresham College and the formation of the Royal Society
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Blanchard, Ian. "Gresham, Sir Thomas (c.1518–1579)".
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Memorials of the Institutions – St Helen's Bishopgate
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as depicted in the 1544 portrait of him owned by the
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Granville William Gresham Leveson Gower, JP, DL, FSA
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which proved so successful that in just a few years
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1397:(9th ed.). New York: Charles Scribner's Sons.
982:Gresham also features as the central character of
1677:Alumni of Gonville and Caius College, Cambridge
1375:by J.W. Burgon (London, 1839, new edition 1968)
1097:Ferneley, wife of Sir Thomas Gresham. Portrait
882:, which he founded in 1565, was opened in 1571;
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1422:. Vol. 23. London: Smith, Elder & Co.
333:, and later that year he left England for the
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1272:, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1949
1059:Sir Thomas & Lady Gresham's townhouse in
942:abandoned on the steps of the Royal Exchange;
720:Bequest for the foundation of Gresham College
8:
1433:(online ed.). Oxford University Press.
1012:18th century engraving of Sir Thomas Gresham
898:running east from St Martin's Le Grand near
1692:People educated at St Paul's School, London
19:For his great-nephew of the same name, see
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365:), where he became renowned for his adept
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16:English merchant and financier (1519–1579)
1707:Ambassadors of England to the Netherlands
927:in the City was also named in his honour;
467:Learn how and when to remove this message
246:(1558–1603). In 1565 Gresham founded the
1682:Founders of English schools and colleges
1489:The Life and Times of Sir Thomas Gresham
1465:The life and times of Sir Thomas Gresham
1458:The life and times of Sir Thomas Gresham
1373:The Life and Times of Sir Thomas Gresham
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1044:, the historic centre of banking in the
708:, on 21 November 1579 and was buried at
1430:Oxford Dictionary of National Biography
1381:by F. R. Salter (Parsons, London, 1925)
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804:, which he founded, and also forms the
592:In 1565 Gresham made a proposal to the
517:in 1553, Gresham fell out of favour at
235:(1547–1553) and Edward's half-sisters,
1496:"Gresham and Antwerp", Gresham College
484:When in 1551 the mismanagement of Sir
329:admitted the 24-year-old Gresham as a
704:Gresham died suddenly, apparently of
690:Francis Bacon, 1st Viscount St Albans
580:), who, as a punishment for marrying
303:Gonville and Caius College, Cambridge
119:Gonville and Caius College, Cambridge
7:
1246:The Dramatic Works of Thomas Heywood
621:return for his trouble and expense.
534:to the yearly value of 200 pounds.
405:adding citations to reliable sources
341:whilst acting in various matters as
816:, also founded by him in 1565. The
780:, which was the 1857 conception of
647:Not in my life; yet I have been in
635:If You Know Not Me, You Know Nobody
1722:People from Keswick, South Norfolk
1304:Genealogy of the family of Gresham
14:
1672:16th-century English politicians
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1419:Dictionary of National Biography
1385:Baynes, T. S., ed. (1875–1889).
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945:Gresham Road, nearby Gresham's
392:needs additional citations for
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1702:16th-century English merchants
1687:People from the City of London
1379:Sir Thomas Gresham (1518–1579)
710:St Helen's Church, Bishopsgate
616:– on condition that the
588:Founding of the Royal Exchange
91:St Helen's Church, Bishopsgate
1:
1074:Sir Thomas Gresham, portrait
353:, basing his headquarters at
1447:UK public library membership
1178:List of multiple discoveries
688:1546–1622), half-brother of
189:Sir Thomas Gresham the Elder
1504:, Douglas Richardson (2011)
1270:Gresham on Foreign Exchange
1232:A Cambridge Alumni Database
1228:"Thomas Gresham (GRSN530T)"
551:Governor of the Netherlands
509:Later services to the Crown
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1477:. Charles Knight & Co.
1388:"Sir Thomas Gresham"
1234:. University of Cambridge.
1119:, Gresham's Norfolk estate
321:Agent in the Low Countries
266:and descended from an old
21:Thomas Gresham (died 1630)
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547:Duchess Margaret of Parma
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608:– what became the
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297:Gresham was educated at
59:Thomas Gresham the Elder
1405:"Gresham, Thomas"
1402:Welch, Charles (1890).
1394:Encyclopædia Britannica
1365:Encyclopædia Britannica
1324:Elmhirst, Edward Mars,
1290:Burke's Armorials, 1884
1281:Burke's Armorials, 1884
992:Oxford University Press
910:is named in his memory;
788:The Gresham grasshopper
561:compelled him to leave
231:who acted on behalf of
1579:Information Technology
1439:10.1093/ref:odnb/11505
864:('Thy will be done').
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624:The foundation of the
553:, and was appointed a
530:he received grants of
521:for a short time with
285:, who was knighted by
1150:Sir Thomas Gresham's
782:Henry Dunning Macleod
731:Corporation of London
628:is the background of
1502:Magna Carta Ancestry
1463:John William Burgon
1268:Roover, Raymond de,
676:Marriage and progeny
513:On the accession of
401:improve this article
283:Lord Mayor of London
1454:John William Burgon
1360:Gresham, Sir Thomas
920:is named after him;
900:St Paul's Cathedral
792:The Gresham family
774:Nicolaus Copernicus
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682:Sir Nathaniel Bacon
480:Rescue of the pound
363:Spanish Netherlands
275:Sir Richard Gresham
181:Sir Richard Gresham
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971:writing under the
914:The Gresham Palace
880:The Royal Exchange
612:, modelled on the
144:The Royal Exchange
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1445:(Subscription or
1244:Heywood, Thomas,
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862:Fiat Voluntas Tua
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836:is blazoned:
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778:Gresham's Law
775:
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770:Gresham's law
765:Gresham's law
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418: –
417:
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412:Find sources:
406:
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396:
395:
390:This section
388:
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356:
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351:Low Countries
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309:, founder of
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159:Anne Ferneley
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125:Occupation(s)
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87:Resting place
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1662:1510s births
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1306:(1883) p. 27
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1183:Titsey Place
1159:
1136:
1132:Gresham arms
1131:
1117:Intwood Hall
1103:Anthonis Mor
1098:
1094:
1080:Anthonis Mor
1075:
1027:Stowe School
987:
925:Gresham Club
861:
842:
837:
834:coat of arms
818:Faneuil Hall
797:
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693:
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623:
591:
582:Thomas Keyes
567:
559:Dutch revolt
536:
532:church lands
527:
512:
483:
463:
457:January 2023
454:
444:
437:
430:
423:
411:
399:Please help
394:verification
391:
325:In 1543 the
324:
296:
277:, a leading
261:
188:
187:
76:(1579-11-21)
25:
1667:1579 deaths
1569:Environment
1414:Lee, Sidney
902:, past the
806:weathervane
692:, becoming
651:... In the
618:Corporation
576:(sister of
367:market-play
244:Elizabeth I
142:Founder of
105:Nationality
1656:Categories
1637:(location)
1547:Professors
1467:Volume II.
1449:required.)
1336:References
1162:the later
1093:Dame Anne
962:In fiction
669:Lord Mayor
657:Saint Mark
515:Queen Mary
427:newspapers
361:(then the
1631:(founder)
1554:Astronomy
940:foundling
904:Guildhall
739:astronomy
632:'s play:
331:liveryman
315:Cambridge
293:Education
229:financier
133:financier
115:Education
1604:Visiting
1599:Rhetoric
1574:Geometry
1564:Divinity
1559:Commerce
1473:(1845).
1416:(eds.).
1172:See also
1101:1560 by
1078:1554 by
994:, 1936).
986:'s book
973:pen-name
951:Hounslow
918:Budapest
906:and the
852:heraldic
755:rhetoric
751:divinity
743:geometry
733:and the
706:apoplexy
606:exchange
528:per diem
523:Alderman
505:a year.
339:merchant
262:Born in
225:merchant
129:Merchant
1622:Related
1353::
999:Gallery
977:Antwerp
947:mansion
894:in the
849:canting
845:Norfolk
812:in the
808:on the
749:, law,
712:in the
665:Antwerp
563:Antwerp
492:on the
441:scholar
359:Belgium
355:Antwerp
268:Norfolk
258:Origins
250:in the
171:
163:
109:British
99:England
62:c. 1519
1594:Physic
1492:(1839)
1443:
1347:
936:Dublin
868:Legacy
822:Boston
747:physic
653:Rialto
649:Venice
637:part 2
602:bourse
570:gaoler
537:Under
503:pounds
443:
436:
429:
422:
414:
271:family
264:London
240:Mary I
237:queens
177:Father
154:Spouse
95:London
1589:Music
1408:. In
1189:Notes
1166:mark
1164:HEICS
859:motto
855:crest
794:crest
661:Burse
543:Court
519:Court
448:JSTOR
434:books
343:agent
165:(
161:
1160:e.g.
930:The
923:The
796:is:
641:Lord
420:news
345:for
281:and
227:and
146:and
71:Died
55:Born
1584:Law
1435:doi
1362:".
1095:née
949:at
916:in
820:at
663:in
604:or
596:'s
572:to
545:of
403:by
33:Sir
1658::
1456:,
1412:;
1391:.
1302:,
1230:.
1197:^
1099:c.
1076:c.
953::
934:,
840:.
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745:,
741:,
716:.
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686:c.
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167:m.
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1525:t
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470:)
464:(
459:)
455:(
445:·
438:·
431:·
424:·
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219:/
216:m
213:ə
210:ʃ
207:ɛ
204:r
201:ɡ
198:ˈ
195:/
191:(
23:.
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