36:
256:—who in turn "appropriated" them to Abbot Thomas. This was with the Prince's blessing, as it was intended to be a royal donation towards restoring the church after its earlier partial destruction. Llanbadarn Fawr was a wealthy church, whose rector was no mere rector; the wealth of his church almost gave him abbatial status. Henceforth, Abbot Thomas and his successors were declared to be "henceforth the true abbot of the church." The abbey's own
61:
43:
162:), and he also provided another 500 marks when he visited Vale Royal in 1358. Thus, the Abbot was able to continue the building works on the Abbey as his predecessors had done; these works were expected to take six years. However, the following year, in October 1359, during a massive storm, much of the
35:
177:
Repairs slowly took place over the next thirteen years, and it was undoubtedly Abbot Thomas who was responsible for the "unique chevet of seven radiating chapels" that were installed, although the overall stature of the remodelled church was smaller than before. Abbot Thomas had personally contracted
321:
Interregna such as this were not uncommon in the administration of medieval ecclesiastical institutions. However, they could be dangerous to the abbey itself. It was not uncommon for "various unscrupulous (but generally nameless) individuals to treat properties of the abbey as their own;" worse, the
1090:
The history of the county palatine and city of
Chester: compiled from original evidences in public offices, the Harleian and Cottonian mss., parochial registers, private muniments, unpublished ms. collections of successive Cheshire antiquaries, and a personal survey of every township in the county;
379:
This was not unusual. Those in possession of advowsons would often grant them to other ecclesiasts, with the expectation being that they would be better equipped to find a worthy incumbent, for which they received a pension from the profits of the advowson. In fact, more often than not, they would
284:
of
Gloucester's. The church was wealthy enough to make it worth quarrelling over: it controlled no less than ten chapels, and brought in an annual income of at least £120 per annum. Even though Vale Royal had received permission from the Bishop, the King and the Pope, Gloucester Abbey still
182:
completing the work: they would build the church while he would organise the construction of twelve chapels—and pay for them. However, Thomas does not appear to have adhered to the terms of the contract, as only three years later, the Prince of Wales had to order him to do so.
193:"Emboldened by the revival of royal munificence the abbot and convent embellished their incomplete church with a chevet of thirteen chapels, alternately polygonal and four-sided, at the east end; unique in England, it is thought to derive from Toledo cathedral."
264:, states that "the abbot himself being present, all the men aforesaid and the other tenants did their fealty in full court and acknowledged the said abbot to be rector of Llabadarn Fawr and their lord." Abbot Thomas visited the church in 1361.
135:. The King took not only the money that had been set aside for Vale Royal but also conscripted the masons and other labourers to build his Welsh fortifications. By the 1330s the monks had managed to complete the east end of the church.
100:. His term of office lasted from 1351 to 1369. His abbacy was predominantly occupied with recommencing the building works at Vale Royal—which had been in abeyance for a decade—and the assertion of his abbey's rights over a
370:, "in answer to their petition appropriates to the abbot and convent and their monastery the said parish church of Lampadervaure, with the chapels of Castel Walter, Lanelar, and Kellonrod, dependents of the same."
332:
to govern the abbey in the King's name. During this period, the crown would garner the profits from the abbey, with a stipend being put aside for the sustenence of the monks and other essential inhabitants.
1280:
285:
objected, and the case was to drag on many years after Thomas' death 9not being resolved until 1399). The case was to cause ill-feeling within Vale Royal Abbey itself, as well as into
131:
prevented any work whatsoever taking place at least 1270). Work progressed until the 1280s when the abbey's construction was once again delayed by national events; this time, Edward's
414:
Although, it should be said, not since 1136. However, disputes such as this were not uncommon at Vale Royal; Ragon's predecessor, de
Cheyneston, was in a similar dispute with
388:
for themselves. From the fourteenth century it became common practice to utilise this as a means of alleviating a religious house of its debts: The reign of Edward III, notes
170:) was blown down and destroyed. The destruction was comprehensive, ranging "from the wall at the west end to the bell-tower before the gates of the choir," whilst the timber
127:
church in
Christian Europe, building work was very much delayed (Edward had vowed to found the house in 1263, but recurring political crises, his own crusade, and the
1425:
1384:
167:
139:
1266:
132:
305:, who, however, is not recorded in contemporary records as holding the office until 1374, so there may well have been another lengthy interregnum.
1374:
1364:
1348:
1343:
1249:
1195:
1174:
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1134:
1059:
905:
154:
wished to "continue and complete the work begun by his great-grandfather." For this purpose, Thomas was granted a tenth of
Cheshire's 5,000
1451:
1471:
289:. Even into the fifteenth century, Abbots of Vale Royal were unable to travel to Llanbadarn Fawr without fear of assault on occasions.
1078:
926:
76:
1273:
276:
of
Llanbadarn Fawr church was to occupy much of Abbot Thomas' energies, as it became the locus of a dispute between Vale Royal and
1369:
1222:
1456:
1405:
302:
249:
105:
1379:
419:
213:
301:, and in 1383 he was mentioned as being a "former" abbot around the time of the Black Prince. He was succeeded by
1466:
1461:
1332:
1338:
237:
894:
Burton, J. (2013). "Transition and
Transformation: The Benedictine Houses". In Burton, J.; Stöber, K. (eds.).
363:
200:
151:
225:
221:
241:
322:
abbey's lands and charters reverted to the King on the death of an abbot. The King had an unassailable
128:
253:
138:
Thomas Ragon was elected abbot of Vale Royal in 1351, two years after the death of his predecessor,
1430:
385:
120:
1164:
968:
389:
346:
217:
1027:
Lewis, F. R. (1938). "The
History of Llanbadarn Fawr, Cardiganshire, in the Later Middle Ages".
1245:
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865:
159:
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incorporated with a republication of King's Vale royal, and
Leycester's Cheshire antiquities
415:
342:
298:
277:
116:
101:
93:
67:
1214:
17:
245:
155:
962:
1304:
367:
323:
921:. Ministry of Public Building and Works. Vol. I. London: H.M. Stationery Office.
1445:
422:'s time and continued for three years, eventually costing Vale Royal £100 to settle.
281:
1054:. Studies in the History of Medieval Religion IX. Woodbridge: Boydell & Brewer.
179:
1258:
1185:
916:
895:
158:
fine (which the county had previously agreed to pay in exchange for delaying the
286:
171:
124:
1126:
Medieval
England: A Social History and Archaeology from the Conquest to 1600 AD
1029:
Transactions and archaeological record of the Cardiganshire Antiquarian Society
208:
Thomas performed royal service when required (for example, in 1364 he took the
976:
1115:
1098:
1040:
1019:
1002:
953:
936:
886:
280:, which later objected to the gift, as Llanbadarn Fawr had previously been a
1205:
1108:
Calendar of the Patent rolls preserved in the Public Record Office,1358-1361
869:
257:
1144:
Robinson, D.; Burton, J.; Coldstream, N.; Coppack, G.; Fawcett, R. (1998).
946:
Mediaeval England: A New Edition of Barnard's Companion to English History
216:) and also held a number of offices outside his abbacy. He was keeper of
273:
233:
229:
97:
402:
381:
50:
418:
from almost the moment he took office (and which itself had begun in
359:
328:
209:
244:
to the Prince of wales, who in turn granted them to members of his
89:
964:
The History of the Parish of Kirkham: In the County of Lancaster
358:
The wording used by contemporaries to describe the process. The
163:
1262:
1146:
The Cistercian Abbeys of Britain: Far from the Concourse of Men
492:
441:
986:
The Household and Military Retinue of Edward the Black Prince
768:
766:
571:
569:
567:
228:, from early 1361. Under Thomas, the Abbey also received the
515:
513:
1187:
The Heads of Religious Houses: England and Wales, 1216–1377
729:
727:
452:
450:
401:
Llanbadarn Fawr was a wealthy house: It had ten satellite
123:
in 1277. Although intended to be the biggest and grandest
1213:
V. C. H. (1980). Elrington, C. R.; Harris, B. E. (eds.).
1093:. London: Lackington, Hughes. Harding, Mavor, and Jones.
864:. Northwich: Northwich & District Heritage Society.
627:
625:
1190:. Vol. II. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
297:
Abbot Thomas died in the summer of 1369, probably from
900:. Cardiff: University of Wales Press. pp. 21–37.
654:
652:
588:
586:
584:
166:(including the new lead roof put in place by only the
1215:"Houses of Cistercian monks: The abbey of Vale Royal"
997:. Vol. XI: The Welsh Dioceses. London: I. H. R.
530:
528:
108:, which was also claimed by the Abbot of Gloucester.
1418:
1398:
1357:
1325:
1318:
1297:
1221:. A History of the County of Chester, III. London.
236:and Llanbadarn Fawr church from a close advisor to
1166:The Oxford Illustrated History of Medieval England
1110:. Edward III. Vol. XI. London: H. M. S. O.
1051:Westminster Abbey and Its People, C.1050-c.1216
191:
862:Vale Royal Abbey and the Cistercians 1277–1538
174:collapsed "'like trees uprooted by the wind."
1426:Dispute between Darnhall and Vale Royal Abbey
1274:
8:
670:
558:
519:
456:
1322:
1281:
1267:
1259:
881:. Manchester: Manchester Record Society.
796:
745:
504:
820:
808:
772:
733:
682:
575:
468:
119:had been founded on its present site by
60:
1184:Smith, C. M.; London, V. C. M. (2001).
1014:. Whitchurch: The Local History Group.
988:(PhD thesis). University of Nottingham.
967:. Manchester: Chetham Society. p.
844:
631:
434:
314:
1071:English Medieval Monasteries 1066–1540
832:
784:
706:
616:
604:
224:of that town's subsidy, and rector of
757:
718:
694:
658:
643:
592:
534:
480:
252:, Richard Wolveston, John Delves and
7:
1244:. Leominster: Gracewing Publishing.
995:Fasti Ecclesiae Anglicanae 1300–1541
860:Bostock, A. J.; Hogg, S. M. (1999).
546:
240:. In 1360 these had been granted by
1169:. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
948:. London: Oxford University Press.
879:The Ledger Book of Vale Royal Abbey
362:of 18 February 1361 says, that the
1225:from the original on 16 April 2015
25:
59:
41:
34:
27:Eighth Abbot of Vale Royal Abbey
993:Jones, B.; Le Neve, J. (1965).
918:The History of the King's Works
405:, and was worth £120 per annum.
42:
897:Monastic Wales: New Approaches
341:Spridlington was at this time
1:
268:Dispute with Gloucester Abbey
80:Vale Royal Abbey in Cheshire.
1129:. London: Psychology Press.
380:appoint a rector on a small
1452:14th-century English people
1010:Latham, F. A., ed. (1993).
877:Brownbill, J., ed. (1914).
384:, and keep the bulk of the
106:Llanbadarn Fawr, Ceredigion
18:Thomas, Abbot of Vale Royal
1488:
1472:Abbots of Vale Royal Abbey
1148:. London: B. T. Batsford.
262:The Vale Royal Ledger Book
944:Davies, H. W. C. (1928).
392:, saw 539 such instances.
1238:Williams, D. H. (2001).
671:Jones & Le Neve 1965
420:Robert's own predecessor
345:(1357–65) and was later
238:Edward, the Black Prince
1219:Victoria County History
559:Bostock & Hogg 1999
520:Smith & London 2001
457:Bostock & Hogg 1999
201:Victoria County History
152:Edward the Black Prince
226:Llanbadarn Fawr, Powys
195:
1241:The Welsh Cistercians
984:Green, D. S. (1998).
961:Fishwick, H. (1874).
1088:Ormerod, G. (1819).
1073:. London: Heineman.
493:Robinson et al. 1998
442:Robinson et al. 1998
364:Bishop of St David's
254:William Spridlington
146:Rebuilding the abbey
140:Robert de Cheyneston
77:class=notpageimage|
1457:History of Cheshire
1431:Abbot of Vale Royal
1069:Midmer, R. (1979).
915:Colvin, H. (1963).
471:, pp. 156–165.
1375:Richard of Evesham
1365:Walter of Hereford
1358:Fourteenth century
1349:Walter of Hereford
1326:Thirteenth century
1123:Platt, C. (1994).
1048:Mason, E. (1996).
775:, pp. 274–75.
709:, pp. 415–16.
578:, pp. 156–65.
347:Bishop of St Asaph
218:Aberystwyth Castle
129:Second Barons' War
1439:
1438:
1414:
1413:
1399:Fifteenth century
1251:978-0-85244-354-5
1197:978-1-139-42892-7
1176:978-0-19-289324-6
1163:Saul, N. (1997).
1155:978-0-7134-8392-5
1136:978-0-415-12913-8
1106:P. R. O. (1911).
1061:978-0-85115-396-4
907:978-1-78316-029-7
823:, pp. 274–5.
799:, pp. 62–83.
721:, pp. 24–25.
673:, pp. 37–39.
507:, pp. 20–23.
133:invasion of Wales
16:(Redirected from
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797:Brownbill 1914
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748:, p. 145.
746:Brownbill 1914
738:
736:, p. 274.
723:
711:
699:
687:
685:, p. 548.
675:
663:
648:
646:, p. 216.
636:
621:
619:, p. 315.
609:
607:, p. 256.
597:
580:
563:
551:
539:
524:
522:, p. 318.
509:
505:Brownbill 1914
497:
495:, p. 193.
485:
473:
461:
446:
444:, p. 192.
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368:Thomas Fastolf
351:
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324:regalian right
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846:
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835:, p. 22.
834:
829:
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821:Williams 2001
817:
814:
811:, p. 32.
810:
809:Fishwick 1874
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787:, p. 32.
786:
781:
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773:Williams 2001
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760:, p. 29.
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734:Williams 2001
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697:, p. 92.
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683:P. R. O. 1911
679:
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672:
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661:, p. 24.
660:
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634:, p. 72.
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613:
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595:, p. 25.
594:
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576:V. C. H. 1980
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548:
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469:V. C. H. 1980
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632:Ormerod 1819
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86:Thomas Ragon
85:
84:
49:
29:
1370:John of Hoo
1229:17 February
833:Latham 1993
785:Burton 2013
707:Davies 1928
617:Midmer 1979
605:Colvin 1963
390:F. R. Lewis
287:North Wales
172:scaffolding
1446:Categories
1012:Vale Royal
977:1017784253
758:Lewis 1938
719:Lewis 1938
695:Green 1998
659:Lewis 1938
644:Green 1998
593:Lewis 1938
535:Mason 1996
481:Platt 1994
430:References
349:(1376–82).
299:pestilence
250:Peter Lacy
220:'s gate,
168:last abbot
125:Cistercian
112:Background
1116:871725352
1099:834198718
1041:690106742
1020:832321398
1003:469699155
954:716319229
937:474835718
887:920602912
547:Saul 1997
386:endowment
360:enrolment
258:chronicle
246:household
230:advowsons
178:with the
150:In 1353,
1223:Archived
1206:50255680
870:50667863
274:advowson
234:Lampeter
98:Cheshire
1406:Stephen
403:chapels
382:stipend
303:Stephen
51:Chester
1419:Events
1385:Robert
1333:Walter
1319:Abbots
1298:Abbeys
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329:custos
222:farmer
210:fealty
1380:Peter
1339:Henry
309:Notes
293:Death
90:Abbot
1246:ISBN
1231:2017
1202:OCLC
1192:ISBN
1171:ISBN
1150:ISBN
1131:ISBN
1112:OCLC
1095:OCLC
1075:ISBN
1056:ISBN
1037:OCLC
1016:OCLC
999:OCLC
973:OCLC
950:OCLC
933:OCLC
923:ISBN
902:ISBN
883:OCLC
866:OCLC
282:cell
272:The
164:nave
160:eyre
156:mark
232:of
212:of
104:in
92:of
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248:—
20:)
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