366:
321:; however, the English forces were dispersed, and, significantly, many of the English archers had ridden off in search of plunder or forage. On Easter Saturday, one of these foraging groups captured a Scots man-at-arms whom they brought before the Duke of Clarence. Clarence was keen to engage the enemy; however, he had a problem: the following day was Easter Sunday, one of the holiest days in the Christian calendar, when a battle would be unthinkable. A two-day delay was also deemed as out of the question. According to the chronicles of
272:
1178:
58:
258:
After Thomas's father became ill in 1411, his older brother became head of the royal council. Conflicts arose between the young Henry and his father when the prince gathered a group of supporters favouring his policy of declaring war on France. The prince was removed from the council by his father
328:
Perhaps underestimating the size of the Franco-Scottish army, Clarence decided to launch a surprise cavalry-led attack rather than use his archers against the enemy. With only about 1,500 men-at-arms available, and virtually no archers, he charged the Franco-Scottish lines. The shock temporarily
225:
Thomas was born before 25 November 1387 as on that date his father's accounts note a payment made to a woman described as his nurse. 29 September 1388 sometimes features as his birth date, but it now seems clear that Thomas was born before
Christmas 1387. He was probably born in London, but some
250:. No children were born from this union, although Thomas was stepfather to her six children from her first marriage, who were his first cousins. He had, however, a natural son, Sir John Clarence, called "Bastard of Clarence" who fought by his father's side in France.
302:, in which he became heir to the French throne, the king returned to England with his new wife Catherine. The Dauphin, the disinherited former heir, refused to accept the situation and organised continuing resistance, aided by a Scottish army led by
259:
after he had defied the king's wishes by persuading it to declare war. Thomas was given his brother's seat, and fell in line with his father's peace policy. Though he remained Lord
Lieutenant of Ireland until 1413, he did not return to
352:
Clarence's executors, as seen in a legal record of 1430, were John
Colvylle, of Neuton, Cambridgeshire, knight; Henry Merston, of Westminster, clerk and his widow, Margaret, Duchess of Clarence, living in
345:
Clarence's natural son John accompanied the remains of his father from Baugé to
Canterbury for their interment. This Sir John Clarence had a grant of lands in Ireland from Henry V and was buried in
317:. The Franco-Scots army of about 5,000 also arrived in the Vieil-Baugé area to block the English army's progress; it was commanded by the Earl of Buchan and the Marshal of France, the
2179:
1059:
707:
2184:
1291:
1094:
263:
after 1409. He seems to have been a conscientious
Governor there, but was hampered in his efforts to keep the peace by the chronic shortage of money in Ireland.
2164:
2159:
1260:
1012:
1583:
1396:
631:
2224:
1727:
1563:
712:
2214:
2204:
2154:
2019:
1926:
1588:
1222:
874:
729:
648:
239:
117:
2209:
2090:
1536:
1237:
1116:
1044:
1999:
1989:
1712:
1702:
1548:
1032:
480:
243:
1830:
1386:
1153:
1087:
1813:
793:
735:
1631:
1242:
837:
329:
disordered the Franco-Scots, but soon
Clarence and his knights were overwhelmed. Clarence was unhorsed by a Scottish knight, Sir
247:
1005:
2199:
1722:
198:
in
November 1401, and spent much of the next eight years in Ireland. He was nearly killed in a skirmish near Dublin in 1406.
365:
2123:
1692:
1381:
1255:
1232:
1212:
1080:
31:
295:
2194:
1835:
334:
318:
303:
2189:
1697:
808:
313:
met with little resistance, and by Good Friday, 21 March 1421, the
English army had made camp near the little town of
824:
The
Complete Peerage of England, Scotland, Ireland, Great Britain and the United Kingdom, Extant, Extinct, or Dormant
330:
2169:
998:
914:
395:
191:
57:
2174:
1994:
1558:
1140:
862:
1369:
205:. Left in charge of English forces in France when Henry returned temporarily to England after his marriage to
1984:
1687:
1649:
1543:
458:
371:
Arms of King Henry IV a label of three points argent each charged with three ermine spots and a canton gules
909:
2219:
2071:
749:
654:
298:(29 July 1418 – 19 January 1419), where he commanded the besieging force. After Henry had negotiated the
1760:
1668:
1626:
1573:
1357:
1330:
1247:
804:
640:
374:
202:
187:, and heir to the throne in the event of his brother's death. He acted as counselor and aide to both.
2149:
2144:
1680:
1636:
1607:
1578:
1500:
1461:
1376:
1318:
1279:
1227:
1217:
1205:
1103:
939:
812:
346:
291:
102:
2106:
1957:
1907:
1888:
1881:
1845:
1796:
1519:
1490:
1485:
1480:
1473:
1404:
1391:
1298:
1193:
1163:
1145:
1135:
968:
422:
210:
206:
201:
After his father's death, he participated in his brother's military campaigns in France during the
180:
154:
309:
Following the King's instructions, Clarence led 4,000 men in raids through Anjou and Maine. This
2098:
1869:
1840:
1820:
1777:
1619:
1531:
931:
287:
217:. In a rash attack, he and his leading knights were surrounded, and Thomas was killed at age 33.
184:
144:
276:
271:
214:
86:
442:(1399–1421) — he was the last permanent holder of this office, the highest in medieval England.
2004:
1964:
1919:
1735:
1641:
1568:
1495:
975:
870:
789:
725:
644:
464:
452:
435:
412:
314:
227:
129:
325:, both commanders agreed a brief truce to celebrate Easter, but then joined battle that day.
1338:
1021:
842:
717:
512:
391:
299:
48:
2009:
1772:
1717:
1409:
1128:
17:
1974:
762:
176:
90:
1177:
2138:
1808:
1707:
1158:
832:
310:
164:
2083:
1969:
1553:
322:
854:
846:
721:
1051:
354:
209:, Thomas led the English in their disastrous defeat at the hands of a mainly
1945:
474:
817:. Vol. 3 (2nd ed.). London: St. Catherine Press. pp. 258–9.
676:
The Black
Douglases: War and Lordship in Late Medieval Scotland, 1300–1455
2041:
1979:
748:
Plea Rolls of the Court of Common Pleas; National Archives; CP 40 / 677;
488:
1072:
750:
http://aalt.law.uh.edu/AALT1/H6/CP40no677/aCP40no677fronts/IMG_0116.htm
468:
446:
439:
260:
139:
484:
418:
408:
195:
74:
990:
364:
270:
106:
2069:
2039:
1943:
1905:
1867:
1794:
1758:
1666:
1605:
1517:
1459:
1355:
1316:
1277:
1191:
1114:
1076:
994:
1176:
867:
The Fears of Henry IV: The Life of England's Self-Made King
532:
530:
841:(online) (online ed.). Oxford University Press.
398:(9 July 1412 – 22 March 1421); extinct upon his death
1060:
Prince Albert Victor, Duke of Clarence and Avondale
369:Arms of Thomas of Lancaster, 1st Duke of Clarence:
160:
150:
138:
128:
113:
97:
80:
67:
41:
194:in 1401. Thomas, who was only fourteen, landed in
1292:Margaret of France, Queen of England and Hungary
835:(2010). "Thomas, duke of Clarence (1387–1421)".
575:Britain's Royal Families: The Complete Genealogy
213:force that came to the aid of the French at the
175:(c. autumn 1387 – 22 March 1421) was a medieval
1052:Prince William, Duke of Clarence and St Andrews
763:"marks of cadency in the British royal family"
1088:
1006:
550:Historical Dictionary of the British Monarchy
238:In November or December 1411, Thomas married
8:
786:Britain's Royal Family: A Complete Genealogy
696:Macdougall. An Antidote to the English p. 65
2180:English military personnel killed in action
670:
668:
2066:
2036:
1940:
1902:
1864:
1791:
1755:
1663:
1602:
1514:
1456:
1352:
1313:
1274:
1188:
1111:
1095:
1081:
1073:
1013:
999:
991:
922:
56:
38:
1584:Thomas of Brotherton, 1st Earl of Norfolk
1554:Joan, Countess of Hertford and Gloucester
1397:Eleanor of England, Countess of Leicester
687:Neillands. The Hundred Years War. p. 233,
600:The Shakespeare Name and Place Dictionary
561:
536:
508:
333:, and finished off on the ground by Sir
2185:Heirs presumptive to the English throne
1728:Thomas of Woodstock, Duke of Gloucester
1564:Margaret of England, Duchess of Brabant
1261:William de Longespée, Earl of Salisbury
838:Oxford Dictionary of National Biography
713:Oxford Dictionary of National Biography
501:
290:in France, Clarence fought in both the
2020:Arthur Plantagenet, 1st Viscount Lisle
1927:Edward of Westminster, Prince of Wales
927:Thomas of Lancaster, Duke of Clarence
910:"Thomas Plantagenet, duke of Clarence"
179:prince and soldier, the second son of
27:English prince and soldier (1387–1421)
1826:Thomas of Lancaster, Duke of Clarence
1589:Edmund of Woodstock, 1st Earl of Kent
1223:Matilda of England, Duchess of Saxony
633:Encyclopedia of the Hundred Years War
286:During the wars of his elder brother
173:Thomas of Lancaster, Duke of Clarence
7:
2165:Peers created by Henry IV of England
2091:Edward of Middleham, Prince of Wales
1708:John of Gaunt, 1st Duke of Lancaster
1537:Margaret of France, Queen of England
1238:Eleanor of England, Queen of Castile
1117:Geoffrey Plantagenet, Count of Anjou
586:
2160:15th-century English Navy personnel
2016:Illegitimate: Elizabeth Plantagenet
2000:George Plantagenet, Duke of Bedford
1990:Richard of Shrewsbury, Duke of York
1713:Edmund of Langley, 1st Duke of York
1703:Lionel of Antwerp, Duke of Clarence
1549:Eleanor of England, Countess of Bar
716:(online). Oxford University Press.
244:John Beaufort, 1st Earl of Somerset
1831:John of Lancaster, Duke of Bedford
1387:Joan of England, Queen of Scotland
1154:Hamelin de Warenne, Earl of Surrey
25:
1814:Joan of Navarre, Queen of England
706:Allmand, C. (23 September 2010).
552:. Scarecrow Press (2011). P. 473.
415:(12 October 1399 – 22 March 1421)
1632:John of Eltham, Earl of Cornwall
1243:Joan of England, Queen of Sicily
811:; Doubleday, H.A., eds. (1913).
248:Thomas Holland, 2nd Earl of Kent
2225:Children of Henry IV of England
2103:Katherine, Countess of Pembroke
788:. The Bodley Head London, U.K.
134:John of Clarence (illegitimate)
121:
1723:Margaret, Countess of Pembroke
379:a label of three points ermine
1:
2215:Male Shakespearean characters
2205:Lord high admirals of England
2155:14th-century English nobility
1852:Illegitimate: Edmund Leboorde
1382:Richard, 1st Earl of Cornwall
1256:Geoffrey (archbishop of York)
1233:Geoffrey II, Duke of Brittany
1213:William IX, Count of Poitiers
897:. New York: Barnes and Noble.
895:A History of Medieval Ireland
752:; second entry, as defendants
32:Thomas, 2nd Earl of Lancaster
1836:Humphrey, Duke of Gloucester
893:Otway-Ruthven, A.J. (1993).
855:UK public library membership
304:John Stewart, Earl of Buchan
2210:Lords Lieutenant of Ireland
2241:
1174:
524:Otway-Ruthven pp. 341, 345
281:Les Vigiles de Charles VII
192:Lord Lieutenant of Ireland
62:Drawing of his tomb effigy
29:
2119:
2078:
2065:
2048:
2035:
1995:Anne of York, Lady Howard
1952:
1939:
1914:
1901:
1876:
1863:
1803:
1790:
1767:
1754:
1675:
1662:
1614:
1601:
1559:Alphonso, Earl of Chester
1526:
1513:
1468:
1455:
1364:
1351:
1325:
1312:
1286:
1273:
1200:
1187:
1141:Geoffrey, Count of Nantes
1123:
1110:
1028:
973:
965:
960:
925:
869:. London: Jonathan Cape.
602:, Routledge, 2012, p.399.
190:His father appointed him
55:
46:
984:End of permanent office
888:. Yale University Press.
361:Titles, honours and arms
337:, probably with a mace.
30:Not to be confused with
18:Thomas, Duke of Clarence
1688:Edward the Black Prince
915:Encyclopædia Britannica
884:Orme, Nicholas (2001).
459:Lieutenant of Aquitaine
84:22 March 1421 (aged 33)
2072:Richard III of England
1181:
847:10.1093/ref:odnb/27198
822:Cokayne, G.E. (2000).
722:10.1093/ref:odnb/12952
425:(1400 – 22 March 1421)
382:
283:
2200:Knights of the Garter
1761:Richard II of England
1669:Edward III of England
1627:Edward III of England
1574:Elizabeth of Rhuddlan
1370:Isabella of AngoulĂŞme
1358:John, King of England
1331:Berengaria of Navarre
1248:John, King of England
1180:
969:The Duke of Lancaster
784:Weir, Alison (2002).
708:"Henry V (1386–1422)"
368:
274:
242:, widow of his uncle
1681:Philippa of Hainault
1637:Eleanor of Woodstock
1608:Edward II of England
1579:Edward II of England
1501:Katherine of England
1462:Henry III of England
1377:Henry III of England
1319:Richard I of England
1280:Henry the Young King
1228:Richard I of England
1218:Henry the Young King
1206:Eleanor of Aquitaine
1104:House of Plantagenet
940:House of Plantagenet
937:Cadet branch of the
814:The Complete Peerage
573:Alison Weir (2008).
347:Canterbury Cathedral
103:Canterbury Cathedral
2195:Knights of the Bath
2107:Richard of Eastwell
2053:no consort or issue
1958:Elizabeth Woodville
1908:Henry VI of England
1889:Henry VI of England
1882:Catherine of Valois
1846:Philippa of England
1797:Henry IV of England
1520:Edward I of England
1491:Beatrice of England
1486:Margaret of England
1481:Edward I of England
1474:Eleanor of Provence
1432:Bartholomew FitzRoy
1405:Joan, Lady of Wales
1392:Isabella of England
1299:William Plantagenet
1194:Henry II of England
1164:Mary of Shaftesbury
1146:William FitzEmpress
1136:Henry II of England
1039:Thomas of Lancaster
800:pages 102 & 123
643:: Greenwood Press.
630:Wagner, J. (2006).
620:Otway-Ruthven p.343
611:Otway-Ruthven p.346
548:Kenneth J. Panton.
423:Order of the Garter
207:Catherine of Valois
181:Henry IV of England
155:Henry IV of England
42:Thomas of Lancaster
2190:House of Lancaster
2099:John of Gloucester
1870:Henry V of England
1841:Blanche of England
1821:Henry V of England
1778:Isabella of Valois
1620:Isabella of France
1532:Eleanor of Castile
1182:
1045:George Plantagenet
961:Political offices
932:House of Lancaster
738:on 10 August 2018.
598:J. Madison Davis,
577:. Vintage. p. 125.
481:Lieutenant-General
477:of the Army (1417)
445:Chief Governor of
383:
373:(or possibly just
335:Alexander Buchanan
319:Sieur de Lafayette
284:
246:, and daughter of
203:Hundred Years' War
2170:Dukes of Clarence
2132:
2131:
2115:
2114:
2061:
2060:
2031:
2030:
2024:Grace Plantagenet
2005:Catherine of York
1965:Elizabeth of York
1935:
1934:
1920:Margaret of Anjou
1897:
1896:
1859:
1858:
1786:
1785:
1750:
1749:
1736:John de Southeray
1693:Isabella de Coucy
1658:
1657:
1642:Joan of the Tower
1597:
1596:
1569:Mary of Woodstock
1509:
1508:
1496:Edmund Crouchback
1451:
1450:
1347:
1346:
1308:
1307:
1301:(died in infancy)
1269:
1268:
1172:
1171:
1070:
1069:
1033:Lionel of Antwerp
1022:Dukes of Clarence
989:
988:
976:Lord High Steward
886:Medieval Children
876:978-0-224-07300-4
853:(Subscription or
767:www.heraldica.org
731:978-0-19-861412-8
650:978-0-313-32736-0
465:Lord High Steward
453:Lord High Admiral
436:Lord High Steward
413:Order of the Bath
228:Kenilworth Castle
170:
169:
16:(Redirected from
2232:
2175:English admirals
2067:
2037:
1985:Margaret of York
1941:
1903:
1865:
1792:
1756:
1664:
1603:
1515:
1457:
1417:Geoffrey FitzRoy
1353:
1339:Philip of Cognac
1314:
1275:
1189:
1112:
1097:
1090:
1083:
1074:
1015:
1008:
1001:
992:
966:Preceded by
956:
949:
923:
919:
898:
889:
880:
858:
850:
827:
818:
799:
771:
770:
759:
753:
746:
740:
739:
734:. Archived from
703:
697:
694:
688:
685:
679:
672:
663:
661:
660:on 16 July 2018.
659:
653:. Archived from
638:
627:
621:
618:
612:
609:
603:
596:
590:
584:
578:
571:
565:
559:
553:
546:
540:
534:
525:
522:
516:
506:
392:Duke of Clarence
300:Treaty of Troyes
240:Margaret Holland
123:
118:Margaret Holland
60:
49:Duke of Clarence
39:
21:
2240:
2239:
2235:
2234:
2233:
2231:
2230:
2229:
2135:
2134:
2133:
2128:
2111:
2074:
2057:
2044:
2027:
2010:Bridget of York
1948:
1931:
1910:
1893:
1872:
1855:
1799:
1782:
1773:Anne of Bohemia
1763:
1746:
1718:Mary of Waltham
1698:Joan of England
1671:
1654:
1610:
1593:
1522:
1505:
1464:
1447:
1444:William de Forz
1410:Richard FitzRoy
1360:
1343:
1321:
1304:
1282:
1265:
1196:
1183:
1168:
1129:Empress Matilda
1119:
1106:
1101:
1071:
1066:
1024:
1019:
979:
971:
950:
944:
943:
935:
928:
918:. 20 July 1998.
908:
905:
892:
883:
877:
861:
852:
831:
821:
803:
796:
783:
780:
775:
774:
761:
760:
756:
747:
743:
732:
705:
704:
700:
695:
691:
686:
682:
673:
666:
657:
651:
636:
629:
628:
624:
619:
615:
610:
606:
597:
593:
585:
581:
572:
568:
560:
556:
547:
543:
535:
528:
523:
519:
507:
503:
498:
491:(1417 and 1421)
483:of the Army in
432:
405:
388:
363:
343:
331:John Carmichael
277:Battle of Baugé
269:
267:Military career
256:
236:
223:
215:Battle of Baugé
109:
87:Battle of Baugé
85:
72:
63:
35:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
2238:
2236:
2228:
2227:
2222:
2217:
2212:
2207:
2202:
2197:
2192:
2187:
2182:
2177:
2172:
2167:
2162:
2157:
2152:
2147:
2137:
2136:
2130:
2129:
2127:
2126:
2120:
2117:
2116:
2113:
2112:
2110:
2109:
2104:
2101:
2097:Illegitimate:
2094:
2093:
2087:
2086:
2079:
2076:
2075:
2070:
2063:
2062:
2059:
2058:
2056:
2055:
2049:
2046:
2045:
2040:
2033:
2032:
2029:
2028:
2026:
2025:
2022:
2017:
2013:
2012:
2007:
2002:
1997:
1992:
1987:
1982:
1977:
1975:Cecily of York
1972:
1967:
1961:
1960:
1953:
1950:
1949:
1944:
1937:
1936:
1933:
1932:
1930:
1929:
1923:
1922:
1915:
1912:
1911:
1906:
1899:
1898:
1895:
1894:
1892:
1891:
1885:
1884:
1877:
1874:
1873:
1868:
1861:
1860:
1857:
1856:
1854:
1853:
1849:
1848:
1843:
1838:
1833:
1828:
1823:
1817:
1816:
1811:
1804:
1801:
1800:
1795:
1788:
1787:
1784:
1783:
1781:
1780:
1775:
1768:
1765:
1764:
1759:
1752:
1751:
1748:
1747:
1745:
1744:
1741:
1740:Jane Northland
1738:
1734:Illegitimate:
1731:
1730:
1725:
1720:
1715:
1710:
1705:
1700:
1695:
1690:
1684:
1683:
1676:
1673:
1672:
1667:
1660:
1659:
1656:
1655:
1653:
1652:
1648:Illegitimate:
1645:
1644:
1639:
1634:
1629:
1623:
1622:
1615:
1612:
1611:
1606:
1599:
1598:
1595:
1594:
1592:
1591:
1586:
1581:
1576:
1571:
1566:
1561:
1556:
1551:
1546:
1540:
1539:
1534:
1527:
1524:
1523:
1518:
1511:
1510:
1507:
1506:
1504:
1503:
1498:
1493:
1488:
1483:
1477:
1476:
1469:
1466:
1465:
1460:
1453:
1452:
1449:
1448:
1446:
1445:
1442:
1441:Philip FitzRoy
1439:
1438:Isabel FitzRoy
1436:
1433:
1430:
1427:
1426:Osbert Gifford
1424:
1421:
1418:
1415:
1414:Oliver FitzRoy
1412:
1407:
1403:Illegitimate:
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2150:1421 deaths
2145:1387 births
1743:Joan Skerne
1062:(1890–1892)
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1041:(1412–1421)
1035:(1362–1368)
805:Cokayne, G.
461:(1412–1413)
455:(1405–1406)
449:(1401–1413)
375:differenced
315:Vieil-Baugé
71:Autumn 1387
2139:Categories
980:1399–1421
857:required.)
778:References
662:pp. 43–44.
511:, p.
357:, Surrey.
355:Bermondsey
311:chevauchée
1946:Edward IV
809:Gibbs, V.
587:Orme 2001
475:Constable
145:Lancaster
73:Probably
2124:Category
2042:Edward V
1980:Edward V
865:(2007).
641:Westport
489:Normandy
294:and the
234:Marriage
211:Scottish
93:, France
1807:Wives:
1771:Wives:
1530:Wives:
674:Brown.
469:Chester
447:Ireland
440:England
403:Honours
288:Henry V
279:, from
261:Ireland
221:Origins
185:Henry V
177:English
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1956:Wife:
1918:Wife:
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471:(1415)
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386:Titles
341:Burial
254:Career
196:Dublin
161:Mother
151:Father
114:Spouse
98:Burial
75:London
1544:Henry
953:Died:
946:Born:
658:(PDF)
637:(PDF)
496:Notes
140:House
130:Issue
124:1411)
91:Anjou
1650:Adam
948:1387
871:ISBN
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726:ISBN
645:ISBN
487:and
394:and
275:The
107:Kent
81:Died
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