59:
985:
583:), though minor procedures may be performed by pulmonologists. Pulmonology is closely related to critical care medicine when dealing with patients who require mechanical ventilation. As a result, many pulmonologists are certified to practice critical care medicine in addition to pulmonary medicine. There are fellowship programs that allow physicians to become board certified in pulmonary and critical care medicine simultaneously.
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more active and emotionally satisfying life. These goals are appropriate for any patients with diminished respiratory reserve whether due to obstructive or intrinsic pulmonary diseases (oxygenation impairment) or neuromuscular weakness (ventilatory impairment). A pulmonary rehabilitation team may include a rehabilitation physician, a pulmonary medicine specialist,
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1187:
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training in pulmonology. After satisfactorily completing a fellowship in pulmonary medicine, the physician is permitted to take the board certification examination in pulmonary medicine. After passing this exam, the physician is then board certified as a pulmonologist. Most pulmonologists complete
931:
for the patient. Interventions can include exercise, education, emotional support, oxygen, noninvasive mechanical ventilation, optimization of airway secretion clearance, promoting compliance with medical care to reduce numbers of exacerbations and hospitalizations, and returning to work and/or a
926:
Pulmonary rehabilitation has been defined as a multidimensional continuum of services directed to persons with pulmonary disease and their families, usually by an interdisciplinary team of specialists, with the goal of achieving and maintaining the individual's maximum level of independence and
564:. When the specialty did begin to evolve, several discoveries were being made linking the respiratory system and the measurement of arterial blood gases, attracting more and more physicians and researchers to the developing field.
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2210:
858:. Pulmonologists often perform specialized procedures to get samples from the inside of the chest or inside of the lung. They use radiographic techniques to view vasculature of the lungs and heart to assist with diagnosis.
2297:
1147:, followed by at least three additional years of subspeciality fellowship training in pulmonology. Pediatric pulmonologists treat diseases of the airways, lungs, respiratory mechanics and aerodigestive system.
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the determination of maximum airflow at a given lung volume as measured by breathing into a dedicated machine; this is the key test to diagnose airflow obstruction.
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including spirometry, as above, plus response to bronchodilators, lung volumes, and diffusion capacity, the latter being a measure of lung oxygen absorptive area
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1920:
1891:
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518:; however, the discovery of pulmonary circulation disproves this theory, which had previously been accepted since the 2nd century. Thirteenth-century
462:
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functioning in the community. Pulmonary rehabilitation is intended to educate the patient, the family, and improve the overall quality of life and
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and pleuroscopy to treat several pulmonary diseases. Interventional pulmonology is increasingly recognized as a specific medical specialty.
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Sengupta, Nandini; Sahidullah, Md; Saha, Goutam (August 2016). "Lung sound classification using cepstral-based statistical features".
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Perikleous, Evanthia P.; Steiropoulos, Paschalis; Paraskakis, Emmanouil; Constantinidis, Theodoros C.; Nena, Evangelia (2018).
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among others. Additionally, breathing games are used to motivate children to perform pulmonary rehabilitation.
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560:. The care, treatment, and study of tuberculosis of the lung is recognised as a discipline in its own right,
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Breland, Alison; Soule, Eric; Lopez, Alexa; Ramôa, Carolina; El-Hellani, Ahmad; Eissenberg, Thomas (2017).
1127:
three years of combined subspecialty fellowship training in pulmonary medicine and critical care medicine.
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around the body. This is believed by many to be the first scientific description of pulmonary circulation.
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446:
419:
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Ramoutsaki, Ioanna; Ramoutsakis, Ioannis; Bouros, Demosthenes (May 2002). "Pneumonology or
Pneumology?".
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1299:"The discovery of the pulmonary circulation – who should get the credit: ibn Al-Nafis or William Harvey"
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1167:. Scientific research also takes place to look for causes and possible treatment in diseases such as
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who, after receiving a medical degree (MD, DO, MBBS, MBBCh, etc.), complete residency training in
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is a relatively new field within pulmonary medicine that deals with the use of procedures such as
58:
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1416:
Lauzardo, Michael; Ashkin, David (2000-05-01). "Phthisiology at the Dawn of the New
Century".
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One of the first major discoveries relevant to the field of pulmonology was the discovery of
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Pulmonology/respirology departments work especially closely with certain other specialties:
330:
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142:
2029:"Computed Tomography (CT or CAT) Scan of the Chest | Johns Hopkins Medicine Health Library"
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1797:"E-Cigarette Use Among Adolescents: An Overview of the Literature and Future Perspectives"
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is the most important treatment of most diseases of pulmonology, either by inhalation (
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Although pulmonary medicine only began to evolve as a medical specialty in the 1950s,
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Pulmonary clinical procedures include the following pulmonary tests and procedures:
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The pulmonologist begins the diagnostic process with a general review focusing on:
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can give pulmonary signs, a thorough cardiac investigation is usually included.
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718:
638:
634:
91:
5198:
1594:
Seijo, Luis M.; Sterman, Daniel H. (2001-03-08). "Interventional
Pulmonology".
529:
accurately theorized that there was no 'direct' passage between the two sides (
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Schematic view of the human respiratory system with their parts and functions.
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Luis M. Seijo & Daniel H. Sterman (2001). "Interventional
Pulmonology".
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1229:
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630:
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603:
422:. Pulmonologists are specially trained in diseases and conditions of the
418:. Pulmonology often involves managing patients who need life support and
1913:"Pulmonary Tests and Procedures | Johns Hopkins Medicine Health Library"
1884:"Pulmonary Tests and Procedures | Johns Hopkins Medicine Health Library"
1306:
Journal of the
International Society for the History of Islamic Medicine
533:) of the heart. He believed that the blood must have passed through the
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3616:
3212:
2847:
2610:
2395:
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Pulmonologists are involved in both clinical and basic research of the
1106:, pulmonologists are physicians who, after receiving a medical degree (
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815:
732:
572:
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116:
87:
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Major surgical procedures on the heart and lungs are performed by a
1368:"National Association for the Study and Prevention of Tuberculosis"
3658:
2662:
2472:
2232:"Overview of Pulmonary Rehabilitation - Lung and Airway Disorders"
2203:"Overview of Pulmonary Rehabilitation - Lung and Airway Disorders"
1638:"Interventional Pulmonology Diagnostic and Therapeutic Procedures"
937:
728:
575:
of the respiratory tract is generally performed by specialists in
515:
507:
503:
423:
240:
3607:
653:
4527:
3432:
2811:
2318:
1942:"Pulmonary Diagnostic Tests & Procedures | Essentia Health"
1122:, followed by at least two additional years of subspeciality
251:
27:"Pediatric pulmonology" redirects here. For the journal, see
2261:"Pulmonary Disease | Internal Medicine Subspecialties | ACP"
1537:"Pulmonary Disease | Internal Medicine Subspecialties | ACP"
678:
Physical diagnostics are as important as in other fields of
41:"Respiratory medicine" redirects here. For the journal, see
4523:
1855:"Evaluation of the Pulmonary Patient - Pulmonary Disorders"
1732:"Electronic cigarettes: what are they and what do they do?"
1566:"Interventional Pulmonology: Procedures, Uses, and Effects"
936:
and allied health professionals including a rehabilitation
556:, the National Association for the Study and Prevention of
363:
357:
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297:
291:
231:
225:
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181:
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160:
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228:
219:
201:
178:
169:
34:"Pulmonary medicine" redirects here. For the journal, see
2174:"Pulmonary Rehabilitation | Essentia Health | MN, ND, WI"
899:
in the treatment of inflammatory lung conditions such as
372:
306:
151:
919:). When this is insufficient, the patient might require
1479:"Cardiothoracic Surgery | Essentia Health | MN, WI, ND"
1971:"Bronchoscopy | Johns Hopkins Medicine Health Library"
568:
Pulmonology and its relevance in other medical fields
514:
into the left side to be oxygenated, as theorized by
369:
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333:
303:
273:
216:
195:
166:
145:
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1082:
1053:
1048:
1036:
1024:
1003:
998:
842:(sleep studies) commonly used for the diagnosis of
711:
of the lung fields for dullness or hyper-resonance.
537:, through the lungs, and back into the heart to be
348:
339:
318:
282:
279:
258:
213:
207:
163:
157:
126:
105:
80:
68:
911:is often necessary in severe respiratory disease (
1243:ACP: Pulmonology: Internal Medicine Subspecialty
1468:. Hopkinsmedicine.org. Retrieved on 2011-09-30.
721:) of the lung fields for diminished or unusual
4539:
3444:
2823:
2330:
666:that might predispose to certain conditions (
8:
2145:"Oxygen Therapy - Lung and Airway Disorders"
977:
51:
1372:Journal of the American Medical Association
4828:Reproductive endocrinology and infertility
4573:
4546:
4532:
4524:
4375:
4129:
4115:
3920:
3783:
3483:
3451:
3437:
3429:
3316:
3157:
2852:
2830:
2816:
2808:
2462:
2337:
2323:
2315:
1736:Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
5169:Bachelor of Medicine, Bachelor of Surgery
4051:Combined pulmonary fibrosis and emphysema
1830:
1812:
1771:
1252:. Acponline.org. Retrieved on 2011-09-30.
1074:Bachelor of Medicine, Bachelor of Surgery
552:founded the 'parent' organization of the
463:American Association for Respiratory Care
1018:Respiratory physician or chest physician
799:(BAL), endobronchial and transbronchial
4075:Allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis
1200:
895:). A common example being the usage of
1338:"American Thoracic Society - Overview"
976:
410:Pulmonology is considered a branch of
50:
905:chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
686:Inspection of the hands for signs of
7:
5307:
5068:Physical medicine and rehabilitation
2290:"What is a Pediatric Pulmonologist?"
510:passed through small 'pores' in the
468:American College of Chest Physicians
442:, and complicated chest infections.
130:Respiratory Physician, Pulmonologist
5317:
4508:Idiopathic pulmonary haemosiderosis
3180:High-resolution computed tomography
2838:Tests and procedures involving the
1366:Jacobs, Henry Barton (1904-12-03).
1163:to the most effective treatment of
694:, chest wall, and respiratory rate.
5204:Medical Scientist Training Program
4097:Vaping-associated pulmonary injury
3460:Diseases of the respiratory system
2087:"How to Prepare for a Sleep Study"
1159:, ranging from the anatomy of the
502:. Originally, it was thought that
25:
1264:Computers in Biology and Medicine
5336:
5326:
5316:
5306:
5297:
5296:
1384:10.1001/jama.1904.02500230042014
1276:10.1016/j.compbiomed.2016.05.013
1185:
983:
329:
269:
191:
141:
57:
5337:
2300:from the original on 2019-01-26
2271:from the original on 2015-09-09
2242:from the original on 2019-01-26
2213:from the original on 2019-01-26
2184:from the original on 2019-01-26
2155:from the original on 2021-12-13
2126:from the original on 2019-01-26
2097:from the original on 2019-01-26
2068:from the original on 2021-12-13
2039:from the original on 2019-01-26
2010:from the original on 2019-01-26
1981:from the original on 2019-01-26
1952:from the original on 2019-01-26
1923:from the original on 2019-01-26
1894:from the original on 2019-01-26
1865:from the original on 2019-01-26
1859:MSD Manual Professional Edition
1712:from the original on 2019-01-26
1706:MSD Manual Professional Edition
1648:from the original on 2019-01-17
1596:New England Journal of Medicine
1576:from the original on 2019-01-26
1547:from the original on 2015-09-09
1518:from the original on 2019-01-26
1489:from the original on 2019-01-26
1398:from the original on 2021-12-13
1348:from the original on 2019-04-26
1319:from the original on 2010-06-12
1139:, pediatric pulmonologists are
506:reaching the right side of the
5194:Doctor of Osteopathic Medicine
4628:Oral and maxillofacial surgery
4513:Pulmonary alveolar proteinosis
2958:Laryngotracheal reconstruction
1702:"Cystic Fibrosis - Pediatrics"
1068:Doctor of Osteopathic Medicine
735:heard over lung fields with a
616:alpha 1-antitrypsin deficiency
1:
4087:Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis
3349:Positive pressure ventilation
407:in some countries and areas.
48:Study of respiratory diseases
5174:Bachelor of Medical Sciences
4941:Neurosurgical anesthesiology
4070:Respiratory hypersensitivity
4008:Hypersensitivity pneumonitis
3344:Negative pressure ventilator
1297:Sharif Kaf A-Ghazal (2002).
830:Positron emission tomography
488:European Respiratory Society
36:Pulmonary Medicine (journal)
3979:Coalworker's pneumoconiosis
2236:MSD Manual Consumer Version
2207:MSD Manual Consumer Version
2149:MSD Manual Consumer Version
2058:"How Does a PET Scan Work?"
2000:"How Do Chest X-Rays Work?"
1680:10.1056/NEJM200103083441007
1608:10.1056/NEJM200103083441007
946:speech-language pathologist
319:
259:
5379:
3832:Acute exacerbation of COPD
3334:Surgical airway management
3190:Ventilation/perfusion scan
2990:Tracheoesophageal puncture
1801:Frontiers in Public Health
865:
862:Treatment and therapeutics
787:Pulmonary function testing
585:Interventional pulmonology
252:
40:
33:
26:
5292:
2641:Precordial catch syndrome
2541:Cheyne–Stokes respiration
982:
554:American Thoracic Society
478:American Thoracic Society
473:American Lung Association
317:, built on Greek πνεύμων
100:Occupational lung disease
56:
5128:Transplantation medicine
5019:Clinical neurophysiology
4936:Obstetric anesthesiology
4856:Interventional radiology
4616:Digestive system surgery
3895:Diffuse panbronchiolitis
3888:Bronchiolitis obliterans
3754:Laryngotracheal stenosis
3701:Laryngopharyngeal reflux
3679:Laryngopharyngeal reflux
3637:Laryngopharyngeal reflux
3565:Nasal septum perforation
3414:Pulmonary rehabilitation
3241:Bronchial challenge test
3208:Pneumonia severity index
3200:Clinical prediction rule
2116:"Cardiothoracic surgery"
1814:10.3389/fpubh.2018.00086
1508:"Cardiothoracic surgery"
1430:10.1378/chest.117.5.1455
1222:10.1378/chest.121.5.1385
872:Pulmonary rehabilitation
775:arterial blood gas tests
769:investigation of blood (
705:and chest wall movement.
483:British Thoracic Society
4999:Intensive care medicine
4973:Mass gathering medicine
4818:Maternal–fetal medicine
3643:Retropharyngeal abscess
2724:Charcot–Leyden crystals
2091:www.hopkinsmedicine.org
2062:www.hopkinsmedicine.org
2033:www.hopkinsmedicine.org
2004:www.hopkinsmedicine.org
1975:www.hopkinsmedicine.org
1917:www.hopkinsmedicine.org
1888:www.hopkinsmedicine.org
1459:History of the Division
1131:Pediatric pulmonologist
989:Physician performing a
893:leukotriene antagonists
606:diseases affecting the
457:Journals of pulmonology
416:intensive care medicine
4591:Cardiothoracic surgery
4336:Pulmonary hypertension
4065:Eosinophilic pneumonia
3717:Vocal cord dysfunction
3560:Nasal septum deviation
3404:Hyperinflation therapy
3369:Artificial respiration
3339:Mechanical ventilation
3274:Bronchoalveolar lavage
3175:CT pulmonary angiogram
2441:Whispered pectoriloquy
2178:www.essentiahealth.org
1946:www.essentiahealth.org
1483:www.essentiahealth.org
1169:pulmonary tuberculosis
1165:pulmonary hypertension
1161:respiratory epithelium
968:Education and training
954:occupational therapist
921:mechanical ventilation
868:Cardiothoracic surgery
797:bronchoalveolar lavage
672:pulmonary hypertension
577:cardiothoracic surgery
494:History of pulmonology
447:cardiothoracic surgery
420:mechanical ventilation
395:. It is also known as
5242:Personalized medicine
5101:Reproductive medicine
5026:Occupational medicine
4980:Evolutionary medicine
4463:Mediastinal emphysema
4242:Healthcare-associated
4172:Legionnaires' disease
3598:Peritonsillar abscess
3570:Nasal septal hematoma
3384:Decompression chamber
3052:Heart–lung transplant
942:respiratory therapist
823:and other methods of
500:pulmonary circulation
29:Pediatric Pulmonology
5262:Traditional medicine
5222:Alternative medicine
5089:Addiction psychiatry
4903:Transfusion medicine
4898:Medical microbiology
4813:Gynecologic oncology
4665:Reproductive surgery
4210:Mendelson's syndrome
4082:Hamman–Rich syndrome
3256:Impulse oscillometry
3231:Body plethysmography
2719:Curschmann's spirals
2567:Respiratory distress
2406:Pleural friction rub
699:cervical lymph nodes
414:, and is related to
401:respiratory medicine
121:Arterial blood gases
43:Respiratory Medicine
5284:History of medicine
5267:Veterinary medicine
5074:Preventive medicine
4926:Adolescent medicine
4768:Infectious diseases
4483:Respiratory failure
4450:Mediastinal disease
4018:Bird fancier's lung
3593:Adenoid hypertrophy
3379:Hyperbaric medicine
3361:Respiratory therapy
3279:Nasopharyngeal swab
2904:Acoustic rhinometry
2294:HealthyChildren.org
1748:2017NYASA1394....5B
1151:Scientific research
979:
934:physician assistant
887:) or in oral form (
850:Surgical procedures
758:Clinical procedures
643:e-cigarette aerosol
53:
5232:Molecular oncology
5189:Doctor of Medicine
5179:Master of Medicine
5096:Radiation oncology
4968:Emergency medicine
4921:Addiction medicine
4888:Clinical chemistry
4883:Clinical pathology
4675:Transplant surgery
4633:Orthopedic surgery
4611:Colorectal surgery
4388:Pleuritis/pleurisy
4341:Pulmonary embolism
4237:Community-acquired
4162:Atypical bacterial
4061:Löffler's syndrome
3842:Status asthmaticus
3827:Chronic bronchitis
3712:Vocal fold paresis
3526:Vasomotor rhinitis
3251:Diffusion capacity
3223:Lung function test
2840:respiratory system
2760:pulmonary embolism
2732:chronic bronchitis
2572:Respiratory arrest
2551:Ataxic respiration
2546:Kussmaul breathing
2536:Biot's respiration
2531:Agonal respiration
2427:Elicited findings
2371:Respiratory sounds
2350:respiratory system
2346:Signs and symptoms
1756:10.1111/nyas.12977
1464:2017-08-11 at the
1248:2015-08-11 at the
1157:respiratory system
1062:Doctor of Medicine
1055:Education required
950:physical therapist
917:pulmonary fibrosis
777:are also required.
767:Medical laboratory
668:pulmonary fibrosis
656:, malt processing)
652:(certain types of
5350:
5349:
5184:Master of Surgery
5148:
5147:
5133:Tropical medicine
5079:Prison healthcare
4994:Hospital medicine
4958:Disaster medicine
4948:Aviation medicine
4763:Hospital medicine
4670:Surgical oncology
4655:Pediatric surgery
4649:
4596:Endocrine surgery
4521:
4520:
4471:
4470:
4428:Empyema/pyothorax
4360:
4359:
4356:
4355:
4314:
4313:
4247:Hospital-acquired
4105:
4104:
3969:Caplan's syndrome
3762:
3761:
3707:Vocal fold nodule
3531:Atrophic rhinitis
3426:
3425:
3422:
3421:
3409:Pulmonary hygiene
3399:Postural drainage
3308:
3307:
3149:
3148:
2805:
2804:
2619:
2618:
2265:www.acponline.org
1541:www.acponline.org
1120:internal medicine
1100:
1099:
697:Palpation of the
650:infectious agents
412:internal medicine
393:respiratory tract
385:medical specialty
134:
133:
18:Thoracic medicine
16:(Redirected from
5370:
5340:
5339:
5330:
5320:
5319:
5310:
5309:
5300:
5299:
5004:Medical genetics
4989:General practice
4866:Nuclear medicine
4741:Gastroenterology
4697:Vascular surgery
4647:
4574:
4548:
4541:
4534:
4525:
4406:Pleural effusion
4399:Hemopneumothorax
4376:
4130:
4116:
3959:Bauxite fibrosis
3924:External agents/
3921:
3852:Exercise-induced
3808:Acute bronchitis
3784:
3484:
3453:
3446:
3439:
3430:
3317:
3313:Other procedures
3158:
2853:
2832:
2825:
2818:
2809:
2490:Hyperventilation
2463:
2348:relating to the
2339:
2332:
2325:
2316:
2309:
2308:
2306:
2305:
2286:
2280:
2279:
2277:
2276:
2257:
2251:
2250:
2248:
2247:
2228:
2222:
2221:
2219:
2218:
2199:
2193:
2192:
2190:
2189:
2170:
2164:
2163:
2161:
2160:
2141:
2135:
2134:
2132:
2131:
2112:
2106:
2105:
2103:
2102:
2083:
2077:
2076:
2074:
2073:
2054:
2048:
2047:
2045:
2044:
2025:
2019:
2018:
2016:
2015:
1996:
1990:
1989:
1987:
1986:
1967:
1961:
1960:
1958:
1957:
1938:
1932:
1931:
1929:
1928:
1909:
1903:
1902:
1900:
1899:
1880:
1874:
1873:
1871:
1870:
1851:
1845:
1844:
1834:
1816:
1792:
1786:
1785:
1775:
1727:
1721:
1720:
1718:
1717:
1698:
1692:
1691:
1663:
1657:
1656:
1654:
1653:
1634:
1628:
1627:
1591:
1585:
1584:
1582:
1581:
1562:
1556:
1555:
1553:
1552:
1533:
1527:
1526:
1524:
1523:
1504:
1498:
1497:
1495:
1494:
1475:
1469:
1456:
1450:
1449:
1424:(5): 1455–1473.
1413:
1407:
1406:
1404:
1403:
1363:
1357:
1356:
1354:
1353:
1342:www.thoracic.org
1334:
1328:
1327:
1325:
1324:
1318:
1303:
1294:
1288:
1287:
1259:
1253:
1240:
1234:
1233:
1216:(5): 1385–1387.
1205:
1195:
1190:
1189:
1188:
1038:Activity sectors
987:
980:
856:thoracic surgeon
825:nuclear medicine
581:thoracic surgery
535:pulmonary artery
449:departments and
387:that deals with
382:
381:
378:
377:
374:
371:
366:
365:
362:
359:
356:
353:
350:
347:
344:
341:
338:
335:
322:
316:
315:
312:
311:
308:
305:
300:
299:
296:
293:
290:
287:
284:
281:
278:
275:
262:
257:
256:
238:
237:
234:
233:
230:
227:
224:
221:
218:
215:
212:
209:
206:
203:
200:
197:
188:
187:
184:
183:
180:
177:
174:
171:
168:
165:
162:
159:
156:
153:
150:
147:
109:
84:
61:
54:
21:
5378:
5377:
5373:
5372:
5371:
5369:
5368:
5367:
5353:
5352:
5351:
5346:
5288:
5277:Chief physician
5210:
5155:
5144:
5138:Travel medicine
5123:Sports medicine
5106:Sexual medicine
5046:Palliative care
5041:Pain management
4985:Family medicine
4963:Diving medicine
4909:
4837:
4799:
4792:
4708:
4701:
4660:Plastic surgery
4606:General surgery
4586:Cardiac surgery
4567:
4565:
4557:
4552:
4522:
4517:
4467:
4444:
4380:Pleural disease
4369:
4352:
4310:
4272:
4256:By distribution
4251:
4230:By vector/route
4225:
4123:
4111:
4101:
4056:Pulmonary edema
4034:
3929:
3925:
3912:
3908:
3899:
3864:Cystic fibrosis
3791:
3775:
3771:
3758:
3602:
3476:
3470:
3462:
3457:
3427:
3418:
3355:
3304:
3288:
3260:
3217:
3194:
3162:Medical imaging
3145:
3134:Mediastinoscopy
3074:
3069:
3056:
3042:Transplantation
3037:Wedge resection
2962:
2842:
2836:
2806:
2801:
2779:pulmonary edema
2771:Westermark sign
2688:Post-nasal drip
2683:Silhouette sign
2615:
2606:Mouth breathing
2555:
2519:
2495:Hypoventilation
2452:
2352:
2343:
2313:
2312:
2303:
2301:
2288:
2287:
2283:
2274:
2272:
2259:
2258:
2254:
2245:
2243:
2230:
2229:
2225:
2216:
2214:
2201:
2200:
2196:
2187:
2185:
2172:
2171:
2167:
2158:
2156:
2143:
2142:
2138:
2129:
2127:
2114:
2113:
2109:
2100:
2098:
2085:
2084:
2080:
2071:
2069:
2056:
2055:
2051:
2042:
2040:
2027:
2026:
2022:
2013:
2011:
1998:
1997:
1993:
1984:
1982:
1969:
1968:
1964:
1955:
1953:
1940:
1939:
1935:
1926:
1924:
1911:
1910:
1906:
1897:
1895:
1882:
1881:
1877:
1868:
1866:
1853:
1852:
1848:
1794:
1793:
1789:
1729:
1728:
1724:
1715:
1713:
1700:
1699:
1695:
1668:N. Engl. J. Med
1665:
1664:
1660:
1651:
1649:
1636:
1635:
1631:
1602:(10): 740–749.
1593:
1592:
1588:
1579:
1577:
1564:
1563:
1559:
1550:
1548:
1535:
1534:
1530:
1521:
1519:
1506:
1505:
1501:
1492:
1490:
1477:
1476:
1472:
1466:Wayback Machine
1457:
1453:
1415:
1414:
1410:
1401:
1399:
1365:
1364:
1360:
1351:
1349:
1336:
1335:
1331:
1322:
1320:
1316:
1301:
1296:
1295:
1291:
1261:
1260:
1256:
1250:Wayback Machine
1241:
1237:
1207:
1206:
1202:
1193:Medicine portal
1191:
1186:
1184:
1181:
1153:
1133:
1087:
1085:
1056:
1039:
1027:
1026:Occupation type
994:
975:
970:
881:bronchodilators
874:
864:
852:
840:Polysomnography
832:(especially in
760:
755:
612:cystic fibrosis
597:
570:
496:
459:
426:, particularly
368:
332:
328:
302:
272:
268:
246:"lung" and the
194:
190:
144:
140:
107:
82:
64:
49:
46:
39:
32:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
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5348:
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5324:
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5293:
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5286:
5281:
5280:
5279:
5269:
5264:
5259:
5254:
5249:
5244:
5239:
5234:
5229:
5224:
5218:
5216:
5215:Related topics
5212:
5211:
5209:
5208:
5207:
5206:
5196:
5191:
5186:
5181:
5176:
5171:
5166:
5164:Medical school
5160:
5158:
5150:
5149:
5146:
5145:
5143:
5142:
5141:
5140:
5130:
5125:
5120:
5118:Sleep medicine
5115:
5114:
5113:
5103:
5098:
5093:
5092:
5091:
5081:
5076:
5071:
5065:
5060:
5059:
5058:
5048:
5043:
5038:
5033:
5028:
5023:
5022:
5021:
5011:
5006:
5001:
4996:
4991:
4982:
4977:
4976:
4975:
4965:
4960:
4955:
4950:
4945:
4944:
4943:
4938:
4931:Anesthesiology
4928:
4923:
4917:
4915:
4911:
4910:
4908:
4907:
4906:
4905:
4900:
4895:
4890:
4885:
4880:
4870:
4869:
4868:
4863:
4861:Neuroradiology
4858:
4847:
4845:
4839:
4838:
4836:
4835:
4830:
4825:
4820:
4815:
4810:
4804:
4802:
4798:Obstetrics and
4794:
4793:
4791:
4790:
4785:
4780:
4775:
4770:
4765:
4760:
4755:
4750:
4749:
4748:
4738:
4733:
4728:
4723:
4713:
4711:
4703:
4702:
4700:
4699:
4694:
4693:
4692:
4682:
4680:Trauma surgery
4677:
4672:
4667:
4662:
4657:
4652:
4651:
4650:
4643:Otolaryngology
4640:
4635:
4630:
4625:
4620:
4619:
4618:
4613:
4603:
4598:
4593:
4588:
4582:
4580:
4571:
4569:subspecialties
4559:
4558:
4553:
4551:
4550:
4543:
4536:
4528:
4519:
4518:
4516:
4515:
4510:
4505:
4500:
4495:
4490:
4485:
4479:
4477:
4473:
4472:
4469:
4468:
4466:
4465:
4460:
4454:
4452:
4446:
4445:
4443:
4442:
4436:
4435:
4430:
4425:
4420:
4415:
4410:
4408:
4402:
4401:
4391:
4390:
4384:
4382:
4373:
4366:Pleural cavity
4362:
4361:
4358:
4357:
4354:
4353:
4351:
4350:
4345:
4344:
4343:
4338:
4328:
4322:
4320:
4316:
4315:
4312:
4311:
4309:
4308:
4303:
4298:
4293:
4288:
4282:
4280:
4274:
4273:
4271:
4270:
4265:
4259:
4257:
4253:
4252:
4250:
4249:
4244:
4239:
4233:
4231:
4227:
4226:
4224:
4223:
4222:
4221:
4212:
4198:
4193:
4192:
4191:
4181:
4180:
4179:
4174:
4169:
4159:
4158:
4157:
4152:
4142:
4136:
4134:
4127:
4113:
4107:
4106:
4103:
4102:
4100:
4099:
4094:
4089:
4084:
4079:
4078:
4077:
4067:
4058:
4053:
4048:
4042:
4040:
4036:
4035:
4033:
4032:
4031:
4030:
4028:Lycoperdonosis
4025:
4020:
4015:
4004:
4003:
4002:
4001:
3996:
3991:
3986:
3981:
3976:
3971:
3966:
3961:
3956:
3951:
3946:
3939:Pneumoconiosis
3935:
3933:
3918:
3901:
3900:
3898:
3897:
3892:
3891:
3890:
3880:
3875:
3873:
3867:
3866:
3861:
3859:Bronchiectasis
3856:
3855:
3854:
3849:
3844:
3835:
3829:
3819:
3817:
3811:
3810:
3805:
3803:
3797:
3795:
3781:
3764:
3763:
3760:
3759:
3757:
3756:
3751:
3746:
3744:
3736:
3735:
3730:
3728:
3720:
3719:
3714:
3709:
3704:
3698:
3696:
3688:
3687:
3682:
3676:
3671:
3669:Laryngeal cyst
3666:
3664:Laryngomalacia
3661:
3656:
3654:
3646:
3645:
3640:
3634:
3633:
3632:
3622:
3620:
3612:
3610:
3604:
3603:
3601:
3600:
3595:
3590:
3585:
3583:
3575:
3574:
3573:
3572:
3567:
3562:
3550:
3545:
3540:
3539:
3538:
3533:
3528:
3518:
3516:
3508:
3507:
3502:
3500:
3492:
3490:
3481:
3464:
3463:
3458:
3456:
3455:
3448:
3441:
3433:
3424:
3423:
3420:
3419:
3417:
3416:
3411:
3406:
3401:
3396:
3391:
3386:
3381:
3376:
3371:
3365:
3363:
3357:
3356:
3354:
3353:
3352:
3351:
3346:
3336:
3331:
3325:
3323:
3321:Oxygen therapy
3314:
3310:
3309:
3306:
3305:
3303:
3302:
3300:Blood gas test
3296:
3294:
3290:
3289:
3287:
3286:
3284:Sputum culture
3281:
3276:
3270:
3268:
3262:
3261:
3259:
3258:
3253:
3248:
3243:
3238:
3233:
3227:
3225:
3219:
3218:
3216:
3215:
3210:
3204:
3202:
3196:
3195:
3193:
3192:
3187:
3182:
3177:
3172:
3166:
3164:
3155:
3151:
3150:
3147:
3146:
3144:
3143:
3141:Nuss procedure
3137:
3136:
3131:
3129:
3121:
3120:
3115:
3110:
3105:
3100:
3095:
3093:
3090:pleural cavity
3081:
3079:
3058:
3057:
3055:
3054:
3049:
3044:
3039:
3034:
3029:
3024:
3022:
3014:
3013:
3008:
3006:
2998:
2997:
2992:
2987:
2985:Cricothyrotomy
2982:
2980:
2972:
2970:
2964:
2963:
2961:
2960:
2955:
2954:
2953:
2943:
2938:
2933:
2931:
2923:
2922:
2917:
2915:
2907:
2906:
2901:
2899:Rhinomanometry
2896:
2891:
2886:
2881:
2876:
2871:
2869:
2861:
2859:
2850:
2844:
2843:
2837:
2835:
2834:
2827:
2820:
2812:
2803:
2802:
2800:
2799:
2794:
2789:
2788:
2787:
2775:
2774:
2773:
2768:
2756:
2755:
2754:
2742:
2741:
2740:
2728:
2727:
2726:
2721:
2709:
2708:
2707:
2695:
2690:
2685:
2680:
2675:
2670:
2665:
2660:
2655:
2650:
2649:
2648:
2643:
2638:
2627:
2625:
2621:
2620:
2617:
2616:
2614:
2613:
2608:
2603:
2601:Breath holding
2598:
2593:
2588:
2583:
2574:
2569:
2563:
2561:
2557:
2556:
2554:
2553:
2548:
2543:
2538:
2533:
2527:
2525:
2521:
2520:
2518:
2517:
2512:
2507:
2502:
2497:
2492:
2487:
2482:
2481:
2480:
2469:
2467:
2460:
2454:
2453:
2451:
2450:
2449:
2448:
2443:
2438:
2433:
2425:
2424:
2423:
2418:
2413:
2408:
2403:
2398:
2393:
2388:
2383:
2378:
2368:
2362:
2360:
2354:
2353:
2344:
2342:
2341:
2334:
2327:
2319:
2311:
2310:
2281:
2252:
2223:
2194:
2165:
2136:
2122:. 2015-04-07.
2120:Health Careers
2107:
2078:
2049:
2020:
1991:
1962:
1933:
1904:
1875:
1846:
1787:
1722:
1693:
1674:(10): 740–49.
1658:
1629:
1586:
1557:
1528:
1514:. 2015-04-07.
1512:Health Careers
1499:
1470:
1451:
1408:
1358:
1329:
1289:
1270:(1): 118–129.
1254:
1235:
1199:
1198:
1197:
1196:
1180:
1177:
1152:
1149:
1132:
1129:
1098:
1097:
1088:
1083:
1080:
1079:
1078:
1077:
1071:
1065:
1057:
1054:
1051:
1050:
1046:
1045:
1040:
1037:
1034:
1033:
1028:
1025:
1022:
1021:
1020:
1019:
1016:
1013:
1010:
1005:
1001:
1000:
996:
995:
988:
974:
971:
969:
966:
909:Oxygen therapy
863:
860:
851:
848:
847:
846:
837:
827:
818:
813:
808:
790:
784:
778:
759:
756:
754:
751:
747:heart diseases
743:
742:
741:
740:
712:
706:
695:
676:
675:
657:
646:
619:
596:
593:
569:
566:
495:
492:
491:
490:
485:
480:
475:
470:
465:
458:
455:
405:chest medicine
391:involving the
132:
131:
128:
124:
123:
117:Sputum studies
110:
103:
102:
85:
78:
77:
70:
66:
65:
62:
47:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
5375:
5364:
5361:
5360:
5358:
5343:
5335:
5333:
5329:
5325:
5323:
5315:
5313:
5305:
5303:
5295:
5294:
5291:
5285:
5282:
5278:
5275:
5274:
5273:
5270:
5268:
5265:
5263:
5260:
5258:
5255:
5253:
5250:
5248:
5247:Public health
5245:
5243:
5240:
5238:
5235:
5233:
5230:
5228:
5227:Allied health
5225:
5223:
5220:
5219:
5217:
5213:
5205:
5202:
5201:
5200:
5197:
5195:
5192:
5190:
5187:
5185:
5182:
5180:
5177:
5175:
5172:
5170:
5167:
5165:
5162:
5161:
5159:
5157:
5151:
5139:
5136:
5135:
5134:
5131:
5129:
5126:
5124:
5121:
5119:
5116:
5112:
5109:
5108:
5107:
5104:
5102:
5099:
5097:
5094:
5090:
5087:
5086:
5085:
5082:
5080:
5077:
5075:
5072:
5069:
5066:
5064:
5061:
5057:
5054:
5053:
5052:
5049:
5047:
5044:
5042:
5039:
5037:
5036:Oral medicine
5034:
5032:
5031:Ophthalmology
5029:
5027:
5024:
5020:
5017:
5016:
5015:
5012:
5010:
5007:
5005:
5002:
5000:
4997:
4995:
4992:
4990:
4986:
4983:
4981:
4978:
4974:
4971:
4970:
4969:
4966:
4964:
4961:
4959:
4956:
4954:
4951:
4949:
4946:
4942:
4939:
4937:
4934:
4933:
4932:
4929:
4927:
4924:
4922:
4919:
4918:
4916:
4912:
4904:
4901:
4899:
4896:
4894:
4893:Cytopathology
4891:
4889:
4886:
4884:
4881:
4879:
4876:
4875:
4874:
4871:
4867:
4864:
4862:
4859:
4857:
4854:
4853:
4852:
4849:
4848:
4846:
4844:
4840:
4834:
4833:Urogynecology
4831:
4829:
4826:
4824:
4821:
4819:
4816:
4814:
4811:
4809:
4806:
4805:
4803:
4801:
4795:
4789:
4786:
4784:
4781:
4779:
4776:
4774:
4771:
4769:
4766:
4764:
4761:
4759:
4756:
4754:
4751:
4747:
4744:
4743:
4742:
4739:
4737:
4736:Endocrinology
4734:
4732:
4729:
4727:
4724:
4722:
4718:
4715:
4714:
4712:
4710:
4704:
4698:
4695:
4691:
4688:
4687:
4686:
4683:
4681:
4678:
4676:
4673:
4671:
4668:
4666:
4663:
4661:
4658:
4656:
4653:
4646:
4645:
4644:
4641:
4639:
4636:
4634:
4631:
4629:
4626:
4624:
4621:
4617:
4614:
4612:
4609:
4608:
4607:
4604:
4602:
4599:
4597:
4594:
4592:
4589:
4587:
4584:
4583:
4581:
4579:
4575:
4572:
4570:
4564:
4560:
4556:
4549:
4544:
4542:
4537:
4535:
4530:
4529:
4526:
4514:
4511:
4509:
4506:
4504:
4501:
4499:
4496:
4494:
4491:
4489:
4486:
4484:
4481:
4480:
4478:
4476:Other/general
4474:
4464:
4461:
4459:
4458:Mediastinitis
4456:
4455:
4453:
4451:
4447:
4441:
4438:
4437:
4434:
4431:
4429:
4426:
4424:
4421:
4419:
4416:
4414:
4411:
4409:
4407:
4404:
4403:
4400:
4396:
4393:
4392:
4389:
4386:
4385:
4383:
4381:
4377:
4374:
4372:
4367:
4363:
4349:
4346:
4342:
4339:
4337:
4334:
4333:
4332:
4329:
4327:
4324:
4323:
4321:
4317:
4307:
4304:
4302:
4299:
4297:
4294:
4292:
4289:
4287:
4284:
4283:
4281:
4279:
4275:
4269:
4266:
4264:
4261:
4260:
4258:
4254:
4248:
4245:
4243:
4240:
4238:
4235:
4234:
4232:
4228:
4220:
4216:
4213:
4211:
4207:
4204:
4203:
4202:
4201:noninfectious
4199:
4197:
4194:
4190:
4187:
4186:
4185:
4182:
4178:
4175:
4173:
4170:
4168:
4165:
4164:
4163:
4160:
4156:
4153:
4151:
4148:
4147:
4146:
4143:
4141:
4138:
4137:
4135:
4131:
4128:
4126:
4121:
4117:
4114:
4110:Obstructive /
4108:
4098:
4095:
4093:
4090:
4088:
4085:
4083:
4080:
4076:
4073:
4072:
4071:
4068:
4066:
4062:
4059:
4057:
4054:
4052:
4049:
4047:
4044:
4043:
4041:
4037:
4029:
4026:
4024:
4023:Farmer's lung
4021:
4019:
4016:
4014:
4011:
4010:
4009:
4006:
4005:
4000:
3997:
3995:
3992:
3990:
3987:
3985:
3982:
3980:
3977:
3975:
3972:
3970:
3967:
3965:
3962:
3960:
3957:
3955:
3952:
3950:
3947:
3945:
3942:
3941:
3940:
3937:
3936:
3934:
3932:
3928:
3922:
3919:
3916:
3911:
3906:
3902:
3896:
3893:
3889:
3886:
3885:
3884:
3883:Bronchiolitis
3881:
3879:
3876:
3874:
3872:
3869:
3868:
3865:
3862:
3860:
3857:
3853:
3850:
3848:
3845:
3843:
3839:
3836:
3833:
3830:
3828:
3825:
3824:
3823:
3820:
3818:
3816:
3813:
3812:
3809:
3806:
3804:
3802:
3799:
3798:
3796:
3794:
3789:
3785:
3782:
3779:
3774:
3769:
3765:
3755:
3752:
3750:
3747:
3745:
3743:
3742:
3738:
3737:
3734:
3731:
3729:
3727:
3726:
3722:
3721:
3718:
3715:
3713:
3710:
3708:
3705:
3702:
3699:
3697:
3695:
3694:
3690:
3689:
3686:
3683:
3680:
3677:
3675:
3672:
3670:
3667:
3665:
3662:
3660:
3657:
3655:
3653:
3652:
3648:
3647:
3644:
3641:
3638:
3635:
3631:
3628:
3627:
3626:
3623:
3621:
3619:
3618:
3614:
3613:
3611:
3609:
3605:
3599:
3596:
3594:
3591:
3589:
3586:
3584:
3582:
3581:
3577:
3576:
3571:
3568:
3566:
3563:
3561:
3558:
3557:
3556:
3555:
3551:
3549:
3546:
3544:
3541:
3537:
3534:
3532:
3529:
3527:
3524:
3523:
3522:
3519:
3517:
3515:
3514:
3510:
3509:
3506:
3503:
3501:
3499:
3498:
3494:
3493:
3491:
3489:
3485:
3482:
3479:
3474:
3469:
3465:
3461:
3454:
3449:
3447:
3442:
3440:
3435:
3434:
3431:
3415:
3412:
3410:
3407:
3405:
3402:
3400:
3397:
3395:
3392:
3390:
3387:
3385:
3382:
3380:
3377:
3375:
3372:
3370:
3367:
3366:
3364:
3362:
3358:
3350:
3347:
3345:
3342:
3341:
3340:
3337:
3335:
3332:
3330:
3327:
3326:
3324:
3322:
3318:
3315:
3311:
3301:
3298:
3297:
3295:
3291:
3285:
3282:
3280:
3277:
3275:
3272:
3271:
3269:
3267:
3263:
3257:
3254:
3252:
3249:
3247:
3244:
3242:
3239:
3237:
3234:
3232:
3229:
3228:
3226:
3224:
3220:
3214:
3211:
3209:
3206:
3205:
3203:
3201:
3197:
3191:
3188:
3186:
3183:
3181:
3178:
3176:
3173:
3171:
3170:Bronchography
3168:
3167:
3165:
3163:
3159:
3156:
3152:
3142:
3139:
3138:
3135:
3132:
3130:
3128:
3127:
3123:
3122:
3119:
3116:
3114:
3111:
3109:
3106:
3104:
3101:
3099:
3098:Thoracentesis
3096:
3094:
3092:
3091:
3087:
3083:
3082:
3080:
3078:
3072:
3067:
3063:
3059:
3053:
3050:
3048:
3047:Decortication
3045:
3043:
3040:
3038:
3035:
3033:
3030:
3028:
3027:Pneumonectomy
3025:
3023:
3021:
3020:
3016:
3015:
3012:
3009:
3007:
3005:
3004:
3000:
2999:
2996:
2993:
2991:
2988:
2986:
2983:
2981:
2979:
2978:
2974:
2973:
2971:
2969:
2965:
2959:
2956:
2952:
2949:
2948:
2947:
2944:
2942:
2939:
2937:
2934:
2932:
2930:
2929:
2925:
2924:
2921:
2918:
2916:
2914:
2913:
2909:
2908:
2905:
2902:
2900:
2897:
2895:
2892:
2890:
2887:
2885:
2882:
2880:
2877:
2875:
2872:
2870:
2868:
2867:
2863:
2862:
2860:
2858:
2854:
2851:
2849:
2845:
2841:
2833:
2828:
2826:
2821:
2819:
2814:
2813:
2810:
2798:
2797:Golden S sign
2795:
2793:
2792:Hamman's sign
2790:
2786:
2783:
2782:
2781:
2780:
2776:
2772:
2769:
2767:
2764:
2763:
2762:
2761:
2757:
2753:
2750:
2749:
2748:
2747:
2743:
2739:
2736:
2735:
2734:
2733:
2729:
2725:
2722:
2720:
2717:
2716:
2715:
2714:
2710:
2706:
2705:Hoover's sign
2703:
2702:
2701:
2700:
2696:
2694:
2691:
2689:
2686:
2684:
2681:
2679:
2676:
2674:
2671:
2669:
2666:
2664:
2661:
2659:
2656:
2654:
2653:Nail clubbing
2651:
2647:
2644:
2642:
2639:
2637:
2634:
2633:
2632:
2629:
2628:
2626:
2622:
2612:
2609:
2607:
2604:
2602:
2599:
2597:
2594:
2592:
2589:
2587:
2584:
2582:
2578:
2575:
2573:
2570:
2568:
2565:
2564:
2562:
2558:
2552:
2549:
2547:
2544:
2542:
2539:
2537:
2534:
2532:
2529:
2528:
2526:
2522:
2516:
2513:
2511:
2508:
2506:
2503:
2501:
2498:
2496:
2493:
2491:
2488:
2486:
2483:
2479:
2476:
2475:
2474:
2471:
2470:
2468:
2464:
2461:
2459:
2455:
2447:
2444:
2442:
2439:
2437:
2434:
2432:
2429:
2428:
2426:
2422:
2419:
2417:
2414:
2412:
2409:
2407:
2404:
2402:
2399:
2397:
2394:
2392:
2389:
2387:
2384:
2382:
2379:
2377:
2374:
2373:
2372:
2369:
2367:
2364:
2363:
2361:
2359:
2355:
2351:
2347:
2340:
2335:
2333:
2328:
2326:
2321:
2320:
2317:
2299:
2295:
2291:
2285:
2282:
2270:
2266:
2262:
2256:
2253:
2241:
2237:
2233:
2227:
2224:
2212:
2208:
2204:
2198:
2195:
2183:
2179:
2175:
2169:
2166:
2154:
2150:
2146:
2140:
2137:
2125:
2121:
2117:
2111:
2108:
2096:
2092:
2088:
2082:
2079:
2067:
2063:
2059:
2053:
2050:
2038:
2034:
2030:
2024:
2021:
2009:
2005:
2001:
1995:
1992:
1980:
1976:
1972:
1966:
1963:
1951:
1947:
1943:
1937:
1934:
1922:
1918:
1914:
1908:
1905:
1893:
1889:
1885:
1879:
1876:
1864:
1860:
1856:
1850:
1847:
1842:
1838:
1833:
1828:
1824:
1820:
1815:
1810:
1806:
1802:
1798:
1791:
1788:
1783:
1779:
1774:
1769:
1765:
1761:
1757:
1753:
1749:
1745:
1741:
1737:
1733:
1726:
1723:
1711:
1707:
1703:
1697:
1694:
1689:
1685:
1681:
1677:
1673:
1669:
1662:
1659:
1647:
1643:
1639:
1633:
1630:
1625:
1621:
1617:
1613:
1609:
1605:
1601:
1597:
1590:
1587:
1575:
1571:
1567:
1561:
1558:
1546:
1542:
1538:
1532:
1529:
1517:
1513:
1509:
1503:
1500:
1488:
1484:
1480:
1474:
1471:
1467:
1463:
1460:
1455:
1452:
1447:
1443:
1439:
1435:
1431:
1427:
1423:
1419:
1412:
1409:
1397:
1393:
1389:
1385:
1381:
1377:
1373:
1369:
1362:
1359:
1347:
1343:
1339:
1333:
1330:
1315:
1311:
1307:
1300:
1293:
1290:
1285:
1281:
1277:
1273:
1269:
1265:
1258:
1255:
1251:
1247:
1244:
1239:
1236:
1231:
1227:
1223:
1219:
1215:
1211:
1204:
1201:
1194:
1183:
1178:
1176:
1174:
1170:
1166:
1162:
1158:
1150:
1148:
1146:
1142:
1138:
1137:United States
1130:
1128:
1125:
1121:
1117:
1113:
1109:
1105:
1104:United States
1096:
1092:
1089:
1081:
1075:
1072:
1069:
1066:
1063:
1060:
1059:
1058:
1052:
1047:
1044:
1041:
1035:
1032:
1029:
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5237:Nanomedicine
4788:Rheumatology
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4638:Hand surgery
4623:Neurosurgery
4395:Pneumothorax
4348:Lung abscess
4330:
4200:
4189:Pneumocystis
4150:Pneumococcal
3931:lung disease
3927:occupational
3905:Interstitial
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3773:lung disease
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3733:Epiglottitis
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3685:Laryngospasm
3649:
3630:Strep throat
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2785:Kerley lines
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2766:Hampton hump
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1012:Pneumologist
991:bronchoscopy
958:psychologist
925:
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821:Scintigraphy
811:Chest X-rays
793:Bronchoscopy
761:
744:
715:Auscultation
677:
648:exposure to
621:exposure to
598:
589:bronchoscopy
571:
562:phthisiology
558:Tuberculosis
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527:Ibn Al-Nafis
524:physiologist
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436:tuberculosis
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400:
396:
325:pneumonology
324:
264:
244:pulmō, -ōnis
243:
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135:
113:Bronchoscopy
106:Significant
96:Tuberculosis
81:Significant
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5363:Pulmonology
5322:Wikiproject
5111:Venereology
5056:Neonatology
4953:Dermatology
4808:Gynaecology
4800:gynaecology
4783:Pulmonology
4601:Eye surgery
4563:Specialties
4493:Common cold
4440:Fibrothorax
4423:Chylothorax
4418:Hydrothorax
4371:mediastinum
4331:circulatory
4326:Atelectasis
4133:By pathogen
4125:pneumonitis
4112:Restrictive
4092:Sarcoidosis
3964:Berylliosis
3910:restrictive
3871:unspecified
3793:obstructive
3776:(including
3693:vocal cords
3625:Pharyngitis
3588:Tonsillitis
3543:Nasal polyp
3478:common cold
3471:(including
3246:Capnography
3126:mediastinum
3113:Thoracotomy
3103:Pleurodesis
3071:mediastinum
2995:Tracheotomy
2946:Laryngotomy
2884:Somnoplasty
2879:Septoplasty
2874:Rhinoplasty
2746:sarcoidosis
2636:In children
2478:Prematurity
2366:Stethoscope
1742:(1): 5–30.
1173:lung cancer
1049:Description
889:antibiotics
844:sleep apnea
834:lung cancer
771:blood tests
737:stethoscope
719:stethoscope
639:coal mining
397:respirology
323:"lung") or
137:Pulmonology
92:Lung cancer
74:Respiratory
52:Pulmonology
5084:Psychiatry
5070:(PM&R)
5063:Phlebology
5051:Pediatrics
4878:Anatomical
4843:Diagnostic
4823:Obstetrics
4773:Nephrology
4758:Hematology
4753:Geriatrics
4746:Hepatology
4731:Cardiology
4721:Immunology
4413:Hemothorax
4215:Aspiration
4177:Chlamydiae
4167:Mycoplasma
4155:Klebsiella
4013:Bagassosis
3999:Byssinosis
3974:Chalicosis
3949:Asbestosis
3944:Aluminosis
3878:Bronchitis
3749:Tracheitis
3725:epiglottis
3674:Laryngitis
3548:Rhinorrhea
3329:Intubation
3236:Spirometry
3118:Chest tube
3062:Chest wall
2920:Sinusotomy
2894:Rhinectomy
2889:Alarplasty
2752:Kveim test
2738:Reid index
2673:Hemoptysis
2631:Chest pain
2591:Aerophagia
2431:Percussion
2304:2019-01-25
2275:2019-01-25
2246:2019-01-25
2217:2019-01-25
2188:2019-01-25
2159:2019-01-25
2130:2019-01-25
2101:2019-01-25
2072:2019-01-25
2043:2019-01-25
2014:2019-01-25
1985:2019-01-25
1956:2019-01-25
1927:2019-01-25
1898:2019-01-25
1869:2019-01-25
1716:2019-01-25
1652:2019-01-25
1580:2019-01-25
1551:2019-01-25
1522:2019-01-25
1493:2019-01-25
1402:2019-01-25
1352:2019-01-25
1323:2010-07-17
1179:References
1145:pediatrics
1141:physicians
1124:fellowship
1086:employment
999:Occupation
877:Medication
866:See also:
805:epithelial
781:Spirometry
753:Procedures
709:Percussion
661:autoimmune
604:hereditary
531:ventricles
451:cardiology
265:pneumology
127:Specialist
5272:Physician
5156:education
5014:Neurology
5009:Narcology
4873:Pathology
4851:Radiology
4726:Angiology
4690:Andrology
4488:Influenza
4433:Malignant
4196:Parasitic
4145:Bacterial
4120:Pneumonia
3989:Silicosis
3984:Siderosis
3954:Baritosis
3788:Bronchial
3536:Hay fever
3505:Sinusitis
3394:Nebulizer
3185:Spiral CT
3077:diaphragm
3032:Lobectomy
2951:Thyrotomy
2678:Epistaxis
2586:Trepopnea
2581:Platypnea
2577:Orthopnea
2515:Bradypnea
2505:Tachypnea
2500:Hyperpnea
2458:Breathing
1823:2296-2565
1764:0077-8923
1616:0028-4793
1438:0012-3692
1392:0002-9955
1116:residency
1091:Hospitals
1084:Fields of
1031:Specialty
929:prognosis
913:emphysema
664:diathesis
623:toxicants
595:Diagnosis
520:anatomist
440:emphysema
428:pneumonia
5357:Category
5302:Category
4778:Oncology
4709:medicine
4707:Internal
4555:Medicine
4503:COVID-19
4296:BOOP-COP
4263:Broncho-
4206:Chemical
3994:Talcosis
3915:fibrosis
3768:Lower RT
3521:Rhinitis
3468:Upper RT
3266:Cytology
3003:bronchus
2968:Lower RT
2857:Upper RT
2658:Cyanosis
2646:Pleurisy
2596:Asphyxia
2510:Hypopnea
2446:Egophony
2411:Fremitus
2386:Crackles
2298:Archived
2269:Archived
2240:Archived
2211:Archived
2182:Archived
2153:Archived
2124:Archived
2095:Archived
2066:Archived
2037:Archived
2008:Archived
1979:Archived
1950:Archived
1921:Archived
1892:Archived
1863:Archived
1841:29632856
1782:26774031
1710:Archived
1688:11236779
1646:Archived
1624:11236779
1574:Archived
1545:Archived
1516:Archived
1487:Archived
1462:Archived
1446:10807837
1396:Archived
1346:Archived
1314:Archived
1284:27286184
1246:Archived
1230:12006412
1043:Medicine
960:, and a
897:inhalers
885:steroids
807:brushing
745:As many
717:(with a
692:clubbing
688:cyanosis
680:medicine
631:asbestos
389:diseases
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5342:Outline
5312:Commons
5257:Therapy
5154:Medical
4717:Allergy
4685:Urology
4578:Surgery
3815:chronic
3741:trachea
3617:pharynx
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3213:CURB-65
2977:trachea
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3086:pleura
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