756:
301:
440:
808:
1798:
61:
77:
326:
651:
1050:
635:
1092:
Generally, the provincial and urban policy of Roman emperors, with the foundation of several cities of Greek type (city-state), contributed more to the progress of
Hellenization than to the Romanization of Thrace. So by the end of Roman antiquity, the phenomenon of Romanization occurs only upon the
1013:
numbered fifty, but the progressive expansion of the cities and the land assigned to them reduced their number: by the early 2nd century, they had decreased to fourteen, and c. 136 they were abolished altogether as official administrative divisions.
1406:
D. Samsaris, Les
Thraces dans l' Empire romain d' Orient (Le territoire de la Grece actuelle). Etude ethno-demographique, sociale, prosopographique et anthroponymique, Jannina 1993 (University of Jannina)
1840:
2961:
1227:, the god of thunder. It is also depicted on coins of Thrace as the symbol of the kings of the Odrysae, who considered Zalmoxis the ancestor and protector of the royal house."
955:) was excluded from its governor's purview and administered as part of the emperor's personal domains. The province's first capital, where the Roman governor resided, was
755:
1833:
1537:
2981:
1308:
1797:
1826:
975:. Otherwise, the internal structure of the old Thracian kingdom was retained and only gradually superseded by Roman institutions. The old tribal-based
1100:), from epigraphic evidence we know the presence of many Thracians (mostly soldiers) throughout the Roman Empire from Syria and Arabia to Britain.
1349:
Bertolazzi, Riccardo (2024). "The
Severan Augustae as Mistresses of the World". In Hoffmann-Salz, Julia; Heil, Matthäus; Wienholz, Holger (eds.).
187:
1362:
1253:
566:
489:
1530:
2346:
1195:
2495:
1455:
911:
The new province encompassed not only the lands of the former
Odrysian realm, but also the north-eastern portion of the province of
76:
2976:
2920:
2171:
1523:
600:
586:
561:
368:
354:
340:
287:
2239:
2163:
2152:
1904:
established after 584. After massive territorial losses in the 7th century, the remaining provinces were superseded by the
2966:
2306:
1940:
1020:(r. 193–211), frequently traveled through Thrace during his military campaigns from 193 to 198, first during his war with
683:
2743:
1849:
1742:
971:
2226:
1620:
1062:
859:
793:
781:
1727:
912:
812:
1818:
60:
2423:
2365:
2176:
1650:
1397:
D. Samsaris, The
Hellenization of Thrace during the Greek and Roman Antiquity (Diss. in Greek), Thessaloniki 1980
1354:
1149:, which had become the provincial capital in the early 3rd century. It was headed by a governor with the rank of
1137:
The new province of
Thracia comprised the northwestern portion of the old province, i.e. the upper valley of the
965:
2763:
2748:
2572:
2301:
2248:
2244:
2206:
2138:
1959:
1787:
1777:
1660:
1625:
1605:
1585:
1124:
133:
20:
985:("general"), were retained as the main administrative divisions, but some villages were grouped together into
947:
in
Thracia, but by the end of the 2nd century AD the border had moved south along the Haemus. The area of the
1486:
2567:
2514:
2451:
2291:
2281:
2110:
2080:
1732:
1717:
1655:
1570:
1560:
1386:
D. Samsaris, Historical
Geography of Western Thrace during the Roman Antiquity (in Greek), Thessaloniki 2005
1130:
785:
2773:
2216:
2100:
1705:
1565:
1171:
807:
674:
126:
2971:
2788:
2557:
2370:
2296:
1889:
1600:
2211:
1093:
Lower Moesia, while Thrace lying south of the Haemus mountains had been almost completely
Hellenized.
2926:
2443:
2095:
1927:
1897:
1737:
1630:
1415:
D. Samsaris, Les
Thraces dans l' Empire romain d' Orient (Asie Mineure, Syrie, Palestine et Arabie),
896:
2932:
2887:
2705:
2695:
2357:
2186:
2133:
2128:
1901:
1635:
1610:
1057:
As it was an interior province, far from the borders of the Empire, and having a major Roman road (
952:
948:
940:
476:
457:
439:
292:
161:
2783:
2758:
2665:
2640:
2529:
2413:
2263:
2075:
1872:
1722:
1680:
1675:
1302:
1274:
1220:
1089:(r. 270–275) was able to secure the Balkan provinces against Gothic raids for some time to come.
956:
714:
452:
319:
143:
1515:
2910:
2617:
2607:
2602:
2506:
2476:
2273:
2123:
2014:
2004:
1979:
1974:
1807:
Italy was never constituted as a province, instead retaining a special juridical status until
1767:
1762:
1690:
1685:
1451:
1358:
1167:
1142:
1082:
1078:
1017:
960:
852:
659:
643:
593:
122:
2846:
2841:
2798:
2753:
2660:
2405:
2395:
2385:
2333:
2070:
2062:
1695:
1665:
1176:
1021:
901:
879:
856:
801:
773:
710:
706:
37:
1038:
twice, alongside the permission to hold crown festivals in his honor. Severus also allowed
650:
2826:
2816:
2723:
2675:
2630:
2549:
2471:
2456:
2375:
2118:
2022:
1994:
1969:
1951:
1580:
1395:
1159:
1025:
932:
863:
738:
361:
1268:
2836:
2831:
2821:
2768:
2713:
2524:
2418:
2390:
2380:
2258:
2047:
2042:
1999:
1989:
1670:
1590:
1546:
1444:
1190:
995:
905:
883:
867:
844:
749:
730:
579:
515:
422:
2955:
2718:
2670:
2635:
2625:
2534:
2234:
2037:
2032:
1984:
1964:
1893:
1877:
1615:
1595:
1575:
1163:
944:
742:
655:
1061:) that passed through the region, Thrace remained peaceful and prosperous until the
2916:
2733:
2728:
2680:
2466:
2433:
2428:
2253:
2027:
1905:
1640:
1200:
990:
820:
734:
726:
426:
1292:
2939:
2811:
2778:
2690:
2645:
2519:
2461:
1782:
1711:
1645:
1118:
1058:
1049:
936:
788:. Later, Thracia proper was understood to include the territory bordered by the
216:
200:
107:
1912:
and parts of Greece they survived under the themes until the early 9th century.
904:
in 46 AD and an unsuccessful anti-Roman revolt, the kingdom was annexed as the
900:("allied" cities with internal autonomy). After the death of the Thracian king
634:
2806:
2650:
2052:
1881:
1808:
1450:(in German). Vienna: Verlag der Österreichischen Akademie der Wissenschaften.
1151:
1109:
928:
920:
887:
722:
502:
1501:
1488:
1351:
The Eastern Roman Empire under the Severans: Old Connections, new Beginnings?
2592:
2481:
2090:
2085:
1700:
1477:
1029:
981:
891:
698:
1471:
1446:
Tabula Imperii Byzantini, Band 6: Thrakien (Thrakē, Rodopē und Haimimontos)
1112:(r. 284–305), Thracia's territory was divided into four smaller provinces:
2685:
2655:
2577:
2286:
2201:
1909:
1224:
1086:
1034:
1001:
824:
777:
745:
718:
618:
386:
232:
98:
82:
2882:
2738:
2597:
2196:
2191:
2181:
1757:
1146:
1138:
1039:
797:
694:
639:
398:
1046:
festivals, possibly as a reward for its support during the civil war.
989:("village headships") or subordinated to neighbouring cities (the two
2892:
1772:
1752:
1747:
1074:
1070:
1006:
924:
916:
789:
702:
626:
622:
461:
394:
390:
306:
67:
27:
2938: Affected (i.e. boundaries modified, abolished or renamed) by
2587:
2582:
2562:
1474:
of the Roman state according to the Compilation notitia dignitatum
1066:
1048:
806:
754:
347:
333:
2302:
Numidia (divided as Cirtensis and Militiana during the Tetrarchy)
759:
Greek vase painting showing a Thracian woman with tattooed arms,
16:
Roman province located in modern-day Turkey, Greece, and Bulgaria
935:; initially, the provincial boundary ran at a line north of the
851:
was reduced to the territory of the six small provinces of the
2871:
2331:
1925:
1861:
1822:
1519:
780:, with no definite boundaries, sometimes to the inclusion of
1174:. Militarily, the entire region was under the control of the
1158:
The four Thracian provinces, along with the two provinces of
1053:
Personification of the province of Thrace from the Hadrianeum
1032:, which backed Severus, was granted the prestigious title of
838:
413:
688:
1896:. Empire permanently partitioned after 395. Exarchates of
1073:. During the campaigns to confront these raiders, Emperor
800:
to the west, roughly equivalent with the territory of the
444:
The province of Thracia within the Roman Empire, c. 125 AD
1081:
in 251. Thracia suffered especially heavily in the great
1096:
As regards the Thracian dispersion outside the borders (
815:
with skirts shaped like lotus flowers or acanthus leaves
1005:
and several Greek cities, many of whom were founded by
847:. After the administrative reforms of the 3rd century,
1009:), which were set apart. In the mid-1st century, the
843:"eparchy of the Thracians") was established as a
130:(used in writing and among trade and administration)
2797:
2704:
2616:
2548:
2505:
2494:
2442:
2404:
2356:
2345:
2272:
2225:
2162:
2151:
2109:
2061:
2013:
1950:
1939:
819:With the annexation of the Thracian kingdom by the
614:
512:
499:
486:
472:
448:
408:
382:
254:
249:
229:
213:
197:
184:
171:
157:
149:
139:
118:
94:
35:
1443:
931:. To the north, Thracia bordered the province of
804:as it stood during the 5th to 1st centuries BC.
792:on the north, by the Black Sea on the east, by
693:) is the ancient name given to the southeastern
231:• Conquest of Odrysian heartlands by the
2962:States and territories established in the 40s
2919:by the Eastern Empire in 534 as the separate
1834:
1531:
1252:sfn error: no target: CITEREFKouremenos2016 (
8:
2942:'s administrative reorganization in 534–536
1273:. Simpkin, Marshall & Company. p.
1223:Thrace, the double axe was an attribute of
2868:
2502:
2353:
2342:
2328:
2159:
1947:
1936:
1922:
1858:
1841:
1827:
1819:
1538:
1524:
1516:
1307:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (
1247:
776:, Thracia included the territory north of
438:
405:
75:
32:
1876:. Provincial administration reformed and
1850:Late Roman and early Byzantine provinces
1085:, and it was not until 271 that Emperor
649:
633:
260:150,000 km (58,000 sq mi)
1294:Dictionary of Greek and Roman geography
1286:
1284:
1240:
1212:
447:
253:
248:
2982:40s establishments in the Roman Empire
1300:
26:For the modern geographic region, see
1480:in the Compilation notitia dignitatum
533:
529:
511:
498:
485:
481:
467:
228:
212:
196:
183:
170:
166:
7:
1547:Provinces of the early Roman Empire
1108:Under the administrative reforms of
1270:The history and geography of Greece
1065:, when it was repeatedly raided by
1196:List of Roman governors of Thracia
894:coast came under Roman control as
646:of Thracia in southeastern Europe.
14:
1002:colonia Flavia Pacis Deueltensium
2282:Africa proconsularis (Zeugitana)
1908:in c. 640–660, although in
1796:
1170:, which in turn was part of the
1083:Gothic seaborne raids of 268–270
598:
584:
559:
366:
352:
338:
324:
299:
285:
188:Conquest by Philip II of Macedon
81:The Odrysian kingdom under king
59:
1892:established after the death of
1267:Swinburne Carr, Thomas (1838).
717:eras, and briefly by the Greek
2240:Flaminia et Picenum Annonarium
2164:Diocese of Suburbicarian Italy
969:, and, after c. 107/109, by a
1:
2307:Tripolitania (Roman province)
1885:
979:("generalcies"), headed by a
866:contained only what today is
760:
238:
222:
206:
177:
111:
102:
86:
49:
45:
972:legatus Augusti pro praetore
855:. Later still, the medieval
697:, the land inhabited by the
689:
642:(ruled 117–38), showing the
2915: Re-established after
2227:Diocese of Annonarian Italy
1291:Smith, Sir William (1857).
1063:Crisis of the Third Century
2998:
1355:Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht
1147:Philippopolis (in Thracia)
939:, including the cities of
915:as well as the islands of
886:c. 20 BC, while the Greek
839:
813:Thracian Tomb of Sveshtari
678:
414:
307:Skudra (Achaemenid Empire)
25:
18:
2905:
2888:Quaestura exercitus (536)
2878:
2867:
2341:
2327:
1935:
1921:
1868:
1857:
1805:
1794:
1556:
1428:Soustal (1991), pp. 62–63
1339:Soustal (1991), pp. 60–61
1321:Soustal (1991), pp. 59–60
1141:river between Haemus and
1077:(r. 249–251) fell in the
882:of Thrace became a Roman
748:annexed the kingdom as a
538:
534:
530:
526:
482:
468:
437:
432:
421:
264:
245:
167:
74:
56:
44:
2764:Palaestina III Salutaris
1960:Alpes Poeninae et Graiae
1586:Alpes Graiae et Poeninae
1162:, were grouped into the
996:colonia Claudia Aprensis
963:, headed initially by a
772:From the perspective of
21:Thracia (disambiguation)
2977:Greece under Roman rule
2931: Placed under the
2292:Mauretania Caesariensis
2111:Diocese of the Britains
1733:Mauretania Caesariensis
1442:Soustal, Peter (1991).
1297:. London. p. 1176.
2774:Phoenice II Libanensis
2477:Macedonia II Salutaris
1890:praetorian prefectures
1852:(4th–7th centuries AD)
1706:Hispania Tarraconensis
1172:Prefecture of the East
1098:extra fines provinciae
1054:
1024:and later against the
837:"Thracian province",
823:, by order of emperor
816:
764:
663:
647:
215:• Destruction of
2496:Praetorian prefecture
2371:Noricum mediterraneum
2347:Praetorian prefecture
2297:Mauretania Sitifensis
2192:Picenum Suburbicarium
2153:Praetorian prefecture
1941:Praetorian prefecture
1888: 293. Permanent
1419:19 (1), 1989, p. 5-30
1377:Soustal (1991), p. 62
1330:Soustal (1991), p. 60
1052:
810:
758:
653:
637:
490:Thracian client state
488:• Annexation of
119:Common languages
2967:Late Roman provinces
2927:Diocese of Illyricum
2921:Prefecture of Africa
2676:Galatia II Salutaris
2444:Diocese of Macedonia
2334:Eastern Roman Empire
2096:Mauretania Tingitana
1928:Western Roman Empire
1738:Mauretania Tingitana
1631:Corsica and Sardinia
1571:Africa proconsularis
1357:. pp. 242–243.
897:civitates foederatae
874:Under the Principate
796:in the south and by
199:• Rebellion of
19:For other uses, see
2933:Quaestura exercitus
2706:Diocese of the East
2696:Pontus Polemoniacus
2358:Diocese of Pannonia
2187:Lucania et Bruttium
2134:Maxima Caesariensis
2129:Flavia Caesariensis
1636:Crete and Cyrenaica
1611:Bithynia and Pontus
1498: /
953:Gallipoli Peninsula
949:Thracian Chersonese
941:Nicopolis ad Istrum
638:Roman empire under
501:• Division by
477:Classical antiquity
293:Prehistoric Balkans
162:Classical antiquity
144:Thracian polytheism
2784:Syria II Salutaris
2641:Armenian Satrapies
2414:Dacia Mediterranea
2336:(395–c. 640)
2264:Venetia et Histria
2172:Apulia et Calabria
1873:Notitia Dignitatum
1723:Lycia et Pamphylia
1701:Hispania Lusitania
1681:Gallia Narbonensis
1676:Gallia Lugdunensis
1055:
957:Heraclea Perinthus
817:
765:
664:
648:
453:Heraclea Perinthus
320:Kingdom of Macedon
173:• Foundation
2949:
2948:
2911:Septem Provinciae
2901:
2900:
2873:Other territories
2863:
2862:
2859:
2858:
2855:
2854:
2646:Armenia III (536)
2618:Diocese of Pontus
2608:Phrygia Salutaris
2603:Phrygia Pacatiana
2507:Diocese of Thrace
2490:
2489:
2323:
2322:
2319:
2318:
2315:
2314:
2274:Diocese of Africa
2147:
2146:
2015:Diocese of Vienne
2005:Maxima Sequanorum
1917:
1916:
1816:
1815:
1768:Pannonia Superior
1763:Pannonia Inferior
1691:Germania Superior
1686:Germania Inferior
1550:
1364:978-3-647-30251-5
1079:Battle of Abritus
1018:Septimius Severus
961:imperial province
959:. Thracia was an
937:Haeumus Mountains
853:Diocese of Thrace
834:provincia Thracia
811:Caryatids of the
705:was ruled by the
687:
644:imperial province
632:
631:
610:
609:
606:
605:
594:Macedonia (theme)
572:
571:
410:Provincia Thracia
404:
403:
378:
377:
374:
373:
312:
311:
131:
2989:
2925: Later the
2909: Later the
2869:
2847:Thebais Inferior
2842:Thebais Superior
2799:Diocese of Egypt
2789:Theodorias (528)
2651:Armenia IV (536)
2503:
2406:Diocese of Dacia
2396:Valeria ripensis
2354:
2343:
2329:
2212:Tuscia et Umbria
2160:
2063:Diocese of Spain
1948:
1937:
1923:
1887:
1870:As found in the
1859:
1843:
1836:
1829:
1820:
1800:
1696:Hispania Baetica
1666:Gallia Aquitania
1548:
1540:
1533:
1526:
1517:
1513:
1512:
1510:
1509:
1508:
1503:
1499:
1496:
1495:
1494:
1491:
1461:
1449:
1429:
1426:
1420:
1413:
1407:
1404:
1398:
1393:
1387:
1384:
1378:
1375:
1369:
1368:
1346:
1340:
1337:
1331:
1328:
1322:
1319:
1313:
1312:
1306:
1298:
1288:
1279:
1278:
1264:
1258:
1257:
1245:
1228:
1217:
1177:magister militum
1069:from beyond the
1022:Pescennius Niger
902:Rhoemetalces III
880:Odrysian kingdom
842:
841:
802:Thracian kingdom
774:classical Greece
762:
707:Odrysian kingdom
692:
682:
680:
602:
601:
588:
587:
576:
575:
567:Thracian Kingdom
563:
562:
556:
555:
540:
539:
458:Marmara Ereğlisi
442:
417:
416:
411:
406:
370:
369:
356:
355:
342:
341:
328:
327:
316:
315:
303:
302:
289:
288:
282:
281:
266:
265:
240:
224:
208:
179:
129:
113:
104:
88:
79:
63:
51:
47:
38:Odrysian kingdom
33:
2997:
2996:
2992:
2991:
2990:
2988:
2987:
2986:
2952:
2951:
2950:
2945:
2897:
2874:
2851:
2827:Augustamnica II
2793:
2700:
2612:
2550:Diocese of Asia
2544:
2497:
2486:
2472:Macedonia Prima
2438:
2400:
2376:Noricum ripense
2348:
2337:
2311:
2268:
2221:
2154:
2143:
2105:
2057:
2023:Alpes Maritimae
2009:
1995:Lugdunensis III
1952:Diocese of Gaul
1942:
1931:
1930:(395–476)
1913:
1880:established by
1864:
1853:
1847:
1817:
1812:
1801:
1792:
1753:Moesia Superior
1748:Moesia Inferior
1581:Alpes Maritimae
1552:
1544:
1506:
1504:
1500:
1497:
1492:
1489:
1487:
1485:
1484:
1468:
1458:
1441:
1438:
1433:
1432:
1427:
1423:
1414:
1410:
1405:
1401:
1394:
1390:
1385:
1381:
1376:
1372:
1365:
1348:
1347:
1343:
1338:
1334:
1329:
1325:
1320:
1316:
1299:
1290:
1289:
1282:
1266:
1265:
1261:
1251:
1248:Kouremenos 2016
1246:
1242:
1237:
1232:
1231:
1218:
1214:
1209:
1187:
1160:Moesia Inferior
1106:
933:Moesia Inferior
876:
770:
739:Sapaean kingdom
725:, but became a
625:
621:
599:
585:
560:
519:
516:Theme of Thrace
505:
492:
455:
443:
412:
409:
397:
393:
389:
367:
362:Sapaean kingdom
353:
339:
325:
300:
286:
257:
235:
219:
203:
190:
174:
134:Thraco-Illyrian
132:
125:
106:
90:
70:
65:
64:
40:
31:
24:
17:
12:
11:
5:
2995:
2993:
2985:
2984:
2979:
2974:
2969:
2964:
2954:
2953:
2947:
2946:
2944:
2943:
2936:
2929:
2923:
2913:
2906:
2903:
2902:
2899:
2898:
2896:
2895:
2890:
2885:
2879:
2876:
2875:
2872:
2865:
2864:
2861:
2860:
2857:
2856:
2853:
2852:
2850:
2849:
2844:
2839:
2837:Libya Inferior
2834:
2832:Libya Superior
2829:
2824:
2822:Augustamnica I
2819:
2814:
2809:
2803:
2801:
2795:
2794:
2792:
2791:
2786:
2781:
2776:
2771:
2766:
2761:
2756:
2751:
2746:
2741:
2736:
2731:
2726:
2721:
2716:
2710:
2708:
2702:
2701:
2699:
2698:
2693:
2688:
2683:
2678:
2673:
2668:
2663:
2658:
2653:
2648:
2643:
2638:
2633:
2628:
2622:
2620:
2614:
2613:
2611:
2610:
2605:
2600:
2595:
2590:
2585:
2580:
2578:Lycaonia (370)
2575:
2570:
2565:
2560:
2554:
2552:
2546:
2545:
2543:
2542:
2537:
2532:
2527:
2522:
2517:
2511:
2509:
2500:
2492:
2491:
2488:
2487:
2485:
2484:
2479:
2474:
2469:
2464:
2459:
2454:
2448:
2446:
2440:
2439:
2437:
2436:
2431:
2426:
2421:
2419:Dacia Ripensis
2416:
2410:
2408:
2402:
2401:
2399:
2398:
2393:
2388:
2383:
2378:
2373:
2368:
2362:
2360:
2351:
2339:
2338:
2332:
2325:
2324:
2321:
2320:
2317:
2316:
2313:
2312:
2310:
2309:
2304:
2299:
2294:
2289:
2284:
2278:
2276:
2270:
2269:
2267:
2266:
2261:
2256:
2251:
2242:
2237:
2231:
2229:
2223:
2222:
2220:
2219:
2214:
2209:
2204:
2199:
2194:
2189:
2184:
2179:
2174:
2168:
2166:
2157:
2149:
2148:
2145:
2144:
2142:
2141:
2136:
2131:
2126:
2121:
2115:
2113:
2107:
2106:
2104:
2103:
2098:
2093:
2088:
2083:
2081:Carthaginensis
2078:
2073:
2067:
2065:
2059:
2058:
2056:
2055:
2050:
2048:Novempopulania
2045:
2043:Narbonensis II
2040:
2035:
2030:
2025:
2019:
2017:
2011:
2010:
2008:
2007:
2002:
2000:Lugdunensis IV
1997:
1992:
1990:Lugdunensis II
1987:
1982:
1977:
1972:
1967:
1962:
1956:
1954:
1945:
1933:
1932:
1926:
1919:
1918:
1915:
1914:
1869:
1866:
1865:
1862:
1855:
1854:
1848:
1846:
1845:
1838:
1831:
1823:
1814:
1813:
1806:
1803:
1802:
1795:
1793:
1791:
1790:
1785:
1780:
1775:
1770:
1765:
1760:
1755:
1750:
1745:
1740:
1735:
1730:
1725:
1720:
1715:
1708:
1703:
1698:
1693:
1688:
1683:
1678:
1673:
1671:Gallia Belgica
1668:
1663:
1658:
1653:
1648:
1643:
1638:
1633:
1628:
1623:
1618:
1613:
1608:
1603:
1598:
1593:
1591:Arabia Petraea
1588:
1583:
1578:
1573:
1568:
1563:
1557:
1554:
1553:
1545:
1543:
1542:
1535:
1528:
1520:
1482:
1481:
1475:
1467:
1466:External links
1464:
1463:
1462:
1456:
1437:
1434:
1431:
1430:
1421:
1408:
1399:
1388:
1379:
1370:
1363:
1341:
1332:
1323:
1314:
1280:
1259:
1239:
1238:
1236:
1233:
1230:
1229:
1211:
1210:
1208:
1205:
1204:
1203:
1198:
1193:
1191:Constantinople
1186:
1183:
1145:and including
1105:
1104:Late antiquity
1102:
1028:. The city of
991:Roman colonies
906:Roman province
884:client kingdom
875:
872:
868:Eastern Thrace
845:Roman province
840:ἐπαρχία Θρᾳκῶν
769:
766:
750:Roman province
731:Roman Republic
630:
629:
616:
612:
611:
608:
607:
604:
603:
596:
590:
589:
582:
580:Thrace (theme)
573:
570:
569:
564:
552:
551:
546:
536:
535:
532:
531:
528:
527:
524:
523:
520:
513:
510:
509:
506:
500:
497:
496:
493:
487:
484:
483:
480:
479:
474:
473:Historical era
470:
469:
466:
465:
450:
446:
445:
435:
434:
430:
429:
419:
418:
415:ἐπαρχία Θρᾳκῶν
402:
401:
384:
380:
379:
376:
375:
372:
371:
364:
358:
357:
350:
344:
343:
336:
330:
329:
322:
313:
310:
309:
304:
296:
295:
290:
278:
277:
272:
262:
261:
258:
255:
252:
251:
247:
246:
243:
242:
236:
230:
227:
226:
220:
214:
211:
210:
204:
198:
195:
194:
191:
185:
182:
181:
175:
172:
169:
168:
165:
164:
159:
158:Historical era
155:
154:
151:
147:
146:
141:
137:
136:
120:
116:
115:
96:
92:
91:
80:
72:
71:
66:
58:
57:
54:
53:
42:
41:
36:
15:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
2994:
2983:
2980:
2978:
2975:
2973:
2970:
2968:
2965:
2963:
2960:
2959:
2957:
2941:
2937:
2934:
2930:
2928:
2924:
2922:
2918:
2914:
2912:
2908:
2907:
2904:
2894:
2891:
2889:
2886:
2884:
2881:
2880:
2877:
2870:
2866:
2848:
2845:
2843:
2840:
2838:
2835:
2833:
2830:
2828:
2825:
2823:
2820:
2818:
2815:
2813:
2810:
2808:
2805:
2804:
2802:
2800:
2796:
2790:
2787:
2785:
2782:
2780:
2777:
2775:
2772:
2770:
2767:
2765:
2762:
2760:
2759:Palaestina II
2757:
2755:
2752:
2750:
2747:
2745:
2742:
2740:
2737:
2735:
2732:
2730:
2727:
2725:
2722:
2720:
2717:
2715:
2712:
2711:
2709:
2707:
2703:
2697:
2694:
2692:
2689:
2687:
2684:
2682:
2679:
2677:
2674:
2672:
2669:
2667:
2666:Cappadocia II
2664:
2662:
2659:
2657:
2654:
2652:
2649:
2647:
2644:
2642:
2639:
2637:
2636:Armenia Maior
2634:
2632:
2629:
2627:
2624:
2623:
2621:
2619:
2615:
2609:
2606:
2604:
2601:
2599:
2596:
2594:
2591:
2589:
2586:
2584:
2581:
2579:
2576:
2574:
2571:
2569:
2566:
2564:
2561:
2559:
2556:
2555:
2553:
2551:
2547:
2541:
2538:
2536:
2533:
2531:
2528:
2526:
2523:
2521:
2518:
2516:
2513:
2512:
2510:
2508:
2504:
2501:
2499:
2493:
2483:
2480:
2478:
2475:
2473:
2470:
2468:
2465:
2463:
2460:
2458:
2455:
2453:
2450:
2449:
2447:
2445:
2441:
2435:
2432:
2430:
2427:
2425:
2422:
2420:
2417:
2415:
2412:
2411:
2409:
2407:
2403:
2397:
2394:
2392:
2389:
2387:
2384:
2382:
2379:
2377:
2374:
2372:
2369:
2367:
2364:
2363:
2361:
2359:
2355:
2352:
2350:
2344:
2340:
2335:
2330:
2326:
2308:
2305:
2303:
2300:
2298:
2295:
2293:
2290:
2288:
2285:
2283:
2280:
2279:
2277:
2275:
2271:
2265:
2262:
2260:
2257:
2255:
2252:
2250:
2246:
2243:
2241:
2238:
2236:
2235:Alpes Cottiae
2233:
2232:
2230:
2228:
2224:
2218:
2215:
2213:
2210:
2208:
2205:
2203:
2200:
2198:
2195:
2193:
2190:
2188:
2185:
2183:
2180:
2178:
2175:
2173:
2170:
2169:
2167:
2165:
2161:
2158:
2156:
2150:
2140:
2137:
2135:
2132:
2130:
2127:
2125:
2122:
2120:
2117:
2116:
2114:
2112:
2108:
2102:
2101:Tarraconensis
2099:
2097:
2094:
2092:
2089:
2087:
2084:
2082:
2079:
2077:
2074:
2072:
2069:
2068:
2066:
2064:
2060:
2054:
2051:
2049:
2046:
2044:
2041:
2039:
2038:Narbonensis I
2036:
2034:
2033:Aquitanica II
2031:
2029:
2026:
2024:
2021:
2020:
2018:
2016:
2012:
2006:
2003:
2001:
1998:
1996:
1993:
1991:
1988:
1986:
1985:Lugdunensis I
1983:
1981:
1978:
1976:
1973:
1971:
1968:
1966:
1963:
1961:
1958:
1957:
1955:
1953:
1949:
1946:
1944:
1938:
1934:
1929:
1924:
1920:
1911:
1907:
1903:
1899:
1895:
1894:Constantine I
1891:
1883:
1879:
1875:
1874:
1867:
1860:
1856:
1851:
1844:
1839:
1837:
1832:
1830:
1825:
1824:
1821:
1810:
1804:
1799:
1789:
1786:
1784:
1781:
1779:
1776:
1774:
1771:
1769:
1766:
1764:
1761:
1759:
1756:
1754:
1751:
1749:
1746:
1744:
1741:
1739:
1736:
1734:
1731:
1729:
1726:
1724:
1721:
1719:
1716:
1714:
1713:
1709:
1707:
1704:
1702:
1699:
1697:
1694:
1692:
1689:
1687:
1684:
1682:
1679:
1677:
1674:
1672:
1669:
1667:
1664:
1662:
1659:
1657:
1654:
1652:
1649:
1647:
1644:
1642:
1639:
1637:
1634:
1632:
1629:
1627:
1624:
1622:
1619:
1617:
1614:
1612:
1609:
1607:
1604:
1602:
1599:
1597:
1594:
1592:
1589:
1587:
1584:
1582:
1579:
1577:
1576:Alpes Cottiae
1574:
1572:
1569:
1567:
1564:
1562:
1559:
1558:
1555:
1551:
1541:
1536:
1534:
1529:
1527:
1522:
1521:
1518:
1514:
1511:
1479:
1476:
1473:
1470:
1469:
1465:
1459:
1457:3-7001-1898-8
1453:
1448:
1447:
1440:
1439:
1435:
1425:
1422:
1418:
1412:
1409:
1403:
1400:
1396:
1392:
1389:
1383:
1380:
1374:
1371:
1366:
1360:
1356:
1352:
1345:
1342:
1336:
1333:
1327:
1324:
1318:
1315:
1310:
1304:
1296:
1295:
1287:
1285:
1281:
1276:
1272:
1271:
1263:
1260:
1255:
1250:, p. 46.
1249:
1244:
1241:
1234:
1226:
1222:
1216:
1213:
1206:
1202:
1199:
1197:
1194:
1192:
1189:
1188:
1184:
1182:
1180:
1178:
1173:
1169:
1165:
1161:
1156:
1154:
1153:
1148:
1144:
1140:
1135:
1133:
1132:
1127:
1126:
1121:
1120:
1115:
1111:
1103:
1101:
1099:
1094:
1090:
1088:
1084:
1080:
1076:
1072:
1068:
1064:
1060:
1051:
1047:
1045:
1041:
1037:
1036:
1031:
1027:
1023:
1019:
1015:
1012:
1008:
1004:
1003:
998:
997:
992:
988:
984:
983:
978:
974:
973:
968:
967:
962:
958:
954:
950:
946:
945:Marcianopolis
942:
938:
934:
930:
926:
922:
918:
914:
909:
907:
903:
899:
898:
893:
889:
885:
881:
873:
871:
869:
865:
861:
858:
854:
850:
846:
836:
835:
830:
826:
822:
814:
809:
805:
803:
799:
795:
791:
787:
786:Scythia Minor
783:
779:
775:
767:
757:
753:
751:
747:
744:
743:Roman emperor
740:
736:
732:
728:
724:
720:
716:
712:
708:
704:
700:
696:
695:Balkan region
691:
685:
676:
675:Ancient Greek
672:
668:
661:
657:
656:Roman diocese
652:
645:
641:
636:
628:
624:
620:
617:
615:Today part of
613:
597:
595:
592:
591:
583:
581:
578:
577:
574:
568:
565:
558:
557:
554:
553:
550:
547:
545:
542:
541:
537:
525:
521:
517:
507:
504:
494:
491:
478:
475:
471:
463:
459:
454:
451:
441:
436:
431:
428:
424:
420:
407:
400:
396:
392:
388:
385:
383:Today part of
381:
365:
363:
360:
359:
351:
349:
346:
345:
337:
335:
332:
331:
323:
321:
318:
317:
314:
308:
305:
298:
297:
294:
291:
284:
283:
280:
279:
276:
273:
271:
268:
267:
263:
259:
244:
237:
234:
221:
218:
205:
202:
192:
189:
176:
163:
160:
156:
152:
148:
145:
142:
138:
135:
128:
124:
121:
117:
109:
100:
97:
93:
84:
78:
73:
69:
62:
55:
43:
39:
34:
29:
22:
2972:Roman Thrace
2893:Spania (552)
2754:Palaestina I
2734:Euphratensis
2681:Helenopontus
2661:Cappadocia I
2568:Hellespontus
2539:
2467:Epirus Vetus
2434:Praevalitana
2349:of Illyricum
2139:Valentia (?)
2124:Britannia II
2028:Aquitanica I
1906:theme system
1871:
1710:
1483:
1445:
1424:
1416:
1411:
1402:
1391:
1382:
1373:
1350:
1344:
1335:
1326:
1317:
1293:
1269:
1262:
1243:
1215:
1201:Thraco-Roman
1179:per Thracias
1175:
1157:
1150:
1136:
1129:
1123:
1117:
1113:
1107:
1097:
1095:
1091:
1056:
1043:
1042:to organize
1033:
1016:
1010:
1000:
994:
986:
980:
976:
970:
964:
910:
908:of Thracia.
895:
877:
848:
833:
832:
828:
827:, in AD 46,
821:Roman Empire
818:
771:
735:Roman Empire
729:of the late
727:client state
670:
666:
665:
549:Succeeded by
548:
543:
518:established
456:(modern-day
433:46–c. 680 AD
427:Roman Empire
275:Succeeded by
274:
269:
256:• Total
2940:Justinian I
2812:Aegyptus II
2744:Mesopotamia
2691:Paphlagonia
2520:Haemimontus
2498:of the East
2462:Epirus Nova
2386:Pannonia II
2119:Britannia I
1980:Germania II
1811:'s reforms.
1743:Mesopotamia
1505: /
1478:Place-names
1221:Hellenistic
1119:Haemimontus
1059:Via Egnatia
888:city-states
715:Hellenistic
709:during the
544:Preceded by
270:Preceded by
217:Seuthopolis
201:Seuthes III
114:330–250 BC)
108:Seuthopolis
105:480–330 BC)
2956:Categories
2917:reconquest
2807:Aegyptus I
2769:Phoenice I
2724:Cilicia II
2631:Armenia II
2381:Pannonia I
2053:Viennensis
1975:Germania I
1970:Belgica II
1910:Asia Minor
1882:Diocletian
1809:Diocletian
1621:Cappadocia
1235:References
1152:consularis
1110:Diocletian
1011:strategiai
987:kōmarchiai
977:strategiai
966:procurator
929:Aegean Sea
921:Samothrace
831:(formally
752:in 46 AD.
733:and early
723:Lysimachus
503:Diocletian
150:Government
2719:Cilicia I
2671:Galatia I
2626:Armenia I
2593:Pamphylia
2525:Moesia II
2482:Thessalia
2259:Raetia II
2091:Lusitania
2086:Gallaecia
2076:Balearica
1965:Belgica I
1728:Macedonia
1616:Britannia
1502:42°N 26°E
1303:cite book
1040:Anchialus
1030:Perinthus
1026:Parthians
982:strategos
913:Macedonia
892:Black Sea
857:Byzantine
794:Macedonia
782:Macedonia
711:Classical
699:Thracians
684:romanized
522:c. 680 AD
140:Religion
2686:Honorias
2656:Bithynia
2429:Moesia I
2424:Dardania
2366:Dalmatia
2287:Byzacena
2254:Raetia I
2202:Sardinia
2177:Campania
2155:of Italy
1878:dioceses
1651:Dalmatia
1566:Aegyptus
1549:(117 AD)
1225:Zalmoxis
1185:See also
1168:Thraciae
1087:Aurelian
1044:seuereia
1035:neokoros
951:(modern
825:Claudius
778:Thessaly
768:Confines
746:Claudius
719:Diadochi
660:Thraciae
619:Bulgaria
423:Province
387:Bulgaria
233:Sapaeans
153:Monarchy
123:Thracian
99:Uscudama
89:431–424)
83:Sitalces
2883:Taurica
2817:Arcadia
2779:Syria I
2749:Osroene
2739:Isauria
2598:Pisidia
2573:Islands
2540:Thracia
2535:Scythia
2530:Rhodope
2249:Aemilia
2245:Liguria
2217:Valeria
2207:Sicilia
2197:Samnium
2182:Corsica
2071:Baetica
1943:of Gaul
1898:Ravenna
1863:History
1788:Thracia
1778:Sicilia
1758:Noricum
1661:Galatia
1626:Cilicia
1606:Assyria
1596:Armenia
1436:Sources
1164:diocese
1143:Rhodope
1125:Rhodope
1114:Thracia
927:in the
890:on the
864:Thracia
849:Thracia
829:Thracia
798:Illyria
737:as the
686::
667:Thracia
640:Hadrian
514:•
449:Capital
425:of the
399:Romania
186:•
95:Capital
48:480 BC–
2935:in 536
2729:Cyprus
2714:Arabia
2515:Europa
2452:Achaea
1902:Africa
1773:Raetia
1718:Iudaea
1712:Italia
1656:Epirus
1641:Cyprus
1561:Achaia
1507:42; 26
1454:
1417:Dodona
1361:
1139:Hebrus
1131:Europa
1075:Decius
1071:Danube
1007:Trajan
925:Imbros
917:Thasos
790:Danube
763:470 BC
721:ruler
703:Thrace
690:Thrakē
671:Thrace
627:Turkey
623:Greece
462:Turkey
395:Turkey
391:Greece
193:340 BC
180:480 BC
68:Labrys
28:Thrace
2588:Lydia
2583:Lycia
2563:Caria
2457:Creta
2391:Savia
1783:Syria
1646:Dacia
1207:Notes
1067:Goths
860:theme
784:and
679:Θρᾴκη
348:Tylis
334:Getae
241:30 BC
127:Greek
52:30 BC
2558:Asia
1900:and
1601:Asia
1493:26°E
1490:42°N
1452:ISBN
1359:ISBN
1309:link
1254:help
1219:"In
1128:and
999:and
943:and
923:and
878:The
713:and
654:The
250:Area
2247:et
1472:Map
1166:of
993:of
862:of
669:or
658:of
508:293
225:250
209:330
2958::
1886:c.
1884:,
1353:.
1305:}}
1301:{{
1283:^
1275:56
1181:.
1155:.
1134:.
1122:,
1116:,
919:,
870:.
761:c.
741:.
701:.
681:,
677::
495:46
460:,
239:c.
223:c.
207:c.
178:c.
112:c.
103:c.
87:c.
50:c.
46:c.
1842:e
1835:t
1828:v
1539:e
1532:t
1525:v
1460:.
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1311:)
1277:.
1256:)
673:(
662:.
464:)
110:(
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85:(
30:.
23:.
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