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1935:
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2681:; and profit belongs to the public, in which a 100% tax is levied on all profit gained from trading of land (sans improvement). According to Sun, the existence of land purchase and land taxation guarantees that landowner wouldn't over-report (which would lead to high taxation on land) nor under-report (which would lead to their land being cheaply acquired for eminent domain) their land values.
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3061:. The Việt Nam Quốc Dân Đảng translates directly into Vietnamese Kuomintang (or the Vietnamese Nationalist Party", and it was largely a resemble of the original Chinese Kuomintang party. Its stated goal was for unity with China under the Three Principles of the People, and opposition to Japanese and French imperialists. The Revolutionary League was controlled by
2940:) in Taiwan that used to devote themselves to the 'research and development' of the Three Principles in this aspect. Since the late 1990s, these institutes have re-oriented themselves so that other political theories are also admitted as worthy of consideration, and have changed their names to be more ideologically neutral (such as Democratic Studies Institute).
2377:. He believed that China must develop a "national consciousness" so as to unite the Chinese people in the face of imperialist aggression. He argued that "minzu", which can be translated as "people", "nationality", or "race", was defined by sharing common blood, livelihood, religion, language, and customs. Sun also believed in a form of
3107:
Pandatsang Rapga hailed the Three
Principles of Dr. Sun for helping Asian peoples against foreign imperialism and called for the feudal system to be overthrown. Rapga stated that "The Sanmin Zhuyi was intended for all peoples under the domination of foreigners, for all those who had been deprived of
2902:
but differed sharply on the meaning of democracy and people's welfare, which the former saw in
Western social democratic terms and the latter interpreted in Marxist and communist terms. The Japanese collaborationist government interpreted nationalism less in terms of anti-imperialism and more in
3138:
The People's Power Party has adapted the ideas with a slight modification to the concepts of the Five Powers in order to stay relevant to modern contemporary political and social structures. The emphasis is put on the separation of the Five Powers which naturally means the separation of certain
3040:
said: "A free and democratic China will be a country in which all levels of government up to the central government are elected by universal, equal, secret suffrage and are accountable to the people who elected them. It would realize Dr. Sun Yat-sen's Three
Principles of the People, Lincoln's
2973:
supporters, some have objections regarding the formal constitutional commitment to a particular set of political principles. Also, they have been against the mandatory indoctrination in schools and universities, which have now been abolished in a piecemeal fashion beginning in the late 1990s.
3108:
the rights of man. But it was conceived especially for the Asians. It is for this reason that I translated it. At that time, a lot of new ideas were spreading in Tibet", during an interview in 1975 with Dr. Heather
Stoddard. Dr. Sun's ideology was put into a Tibetan translation by Rapga.
2444:, which prioritizes the power of the group over individual freedoms. Sun viewed traditional Chinese society as too individualistic and stated that individual liberty must be broken down so that the Chinese people could pressed together, using the metaphor of adding cement to sand.
3142:
The power of impeachment (originally under the
Control Yuan) has been expanded to include various contemporary functional government institutions. Examples include the Corrupt Practices Investigation Bureau, advocacy of the Ombudsman Commission, Equal Opportunity Commission,
2943:
In addition to this institutional phenomenon, many streets and businesses in Taiwan are named "Sān-mín" or for one of the three principles. In contrast to other politically derived street names, there has been no major renaming of these streets or institutions in the 1990s.
2672:
Sun proposed a land reform system known as "equalization of land rights", which involves the implementation of four different acts: regulation of land price, in which each landowner reports the value of their property sans improvement; taxation of land, which involves a
2288:
Externally, national independence meant independence from imperialist foreign powers. Sun believed China to be threatened by imperialism in three ways: by economic oppression, by political aggression, and by slow population growth. Economically, Sun held the
2745:. The French historian of Chinese history, Marie-Claire Bergère's view is that the book is a work of propaganda. Its purpose is to appeal to action rather than to thought. As Sun Yat-sen declared, a principle is not simply an idea; it is "a faith, a power."
2929:, the KMT developed a national censorship apparatus as part of its "Arts of the Three Principles of the People" cultural campaign. This program sought to censor cultural products deemed unwelcomed by the KMT, such as works by left-wing artists or writers.
4185:
2916:
2974:
However, there is little fundamental hostility to the substantive principles themselves. In these circles, attitudes toward the Three
Principles of the People span the spectrum from indifference to reinterpreting the Three Principles of the People
2994:(CCP) to argue that communism is a necessary conclusion of the Three Principles of the People and thus provides legitimacy for the communist government. This reinterpretation of the Three Principles of the People is commonly referred to as the
3154:
The power of examination has been adapted and modified to fit the modern concept of selection for both political leaders as well as civil servants. This involves institutions like the
Elections Department and Public Service Commission.
2035:. The three principles are often translated into and summarized as nationalism, democracy, and the livelihood of the people (or welfarism). This philosophy has been claimed as the cornerstone of the nation's policy as carried by the
2733:(taken by a colleague, Huang Changgu, in consultation with Sun), and therefore is open to interpretation by various parties and interest groups (see below) and may not have been as fully explicated as Sun might have wished. Indeed,
3021:
and that the new three principles are about allying with the communists and the
Russians (Soviets), and supporting peasants and the workers. Proponents of the New Three Principles of the People often claim that Sun's book
2700:
Sun died before he was able to fully explain his vision of this
Principle and it has been the subject of much debate within both the Chinese Nationalist and Communist Parties, with the latter suggesting that Sun supported
3104:, adopted Dr. Sun's ideology including the Three Principles, incorporating them into his party and using Sun's doctrine as a model for his vision of Tibet after achieving his goal of overthrowing the Tibetan government.
2470:) are the powers of the people to express their political wishes and keep administrative officers in check, similar to those vested in the citizenry or the parliaments in other countries, and is represented by the
2397:, who criticized young people's obsession with Western-style Marxism and saw that similar ideas could be found in Chinese classics. Also, Sun embraced modernism, but at the same time highlighted a positive part of
3158:
The People's Power Party advocates that the institutions included in these two powers, namely the power of impeachment and the power of selection, be put under the supervision of
Singapore's elected president.
4169:
2274:
Sun saw the Chinese Nation as under threat of annihilation by the imperialist powers. To reverse the trajectory of such decline, China needed to become nationally independent both externally and internally.
1227:
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in Taiwan is a legacy thereof. Sun said that " as the only means of supporting the government is an infinitely just, reasonable, and equitably distributed tax, and on it we will found our new system."
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supplied an annex to the Principle of Mínshēng, covering two additional areas of livelihood: education, land, and leisure, and explicitly arguing that Mínshēng was not to be seen as supporting either
3135:
politics that a political party was formed with the Three Principles of the People and its system of having five branches of government as espoused by Sun Yat-Sen as its official guiding ideology.
2393:(文化保守主義) to defend the virtues of Chinese culture against Western imperialism, while embracing some of the modern elements. Sun Yat-sen defended socialism but distanced himself from dogmatic
3115:
was overthrown in China. He borrowed the theories and ideas of the Kuomintang as the basis for his model for Tibet. The party was funded by the Kuomintang and by the Pandatsang family.
1175:
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signed by China as the reason of China's decline. Sun envisioned a future China that was strong and capable of fighting imperialists and standing on the same stage as western powers.
2071:
from 1896 to 1898. He announced all three ideas in the spring of 1905, during another trip to Europe. Sun made the first speech of his life on the "Three Principles of the People" in
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698:
2118:", as an inspiration for the Three Principles. Dr. Sun's Three Principles of the People are inter-connected as the guideline for China's modernization development as stretched by
2947:
Although the term "Sanmin Zhuyi" (三民主義) has been less explicitly invoked since the mid-1980s, no political party has explicitly attacked its principles with practices under the
2285:
who ruled China for centuries. Sun thought that the Han Chinese people were a people without their own nation and thus strove for national revolution against Qing authorities.
3410:
3073:
from entering the league, as his main goal was Chinese influence in Indochina. The KMT utilized these Vietnamese nationalists during World War II against Japanese forces.
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4514:
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2639:. He divided livelihood into four areas: clothing, food, housing, and mobility; and planned out how an ideal (Chinese) government can take care of these for its people.
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2440:'Principle of people's right') in the Three Principles of the People differs from the typical Western view democracy, being based in Liang's interpretation of
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came from Chinese tradition. (Note that the Legislative Yuan was first intended as a branch of governance, not strictly equivalent to a national parliament.)
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1972:
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further elaborated the Mínshēng principle of both the importance of social well-being and recreational activities for a modernized China in 1953 in Taiwan.
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2075:. He was able to organize the Revive China Society in many European cities. There were about 30 members in the Brussels branch at the time, 20 in
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2327:’s multi-ethnic nationalist idea of a unified Chinese nation. To achieve "national independence", Sun believed that China must first develop a "
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was formed, Sun only had two principles: nationalism and democracy. He picked up the third idea, welfare, during his three-year trip to
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by incorporating traditional Chinese administrative systems to create a government of five branches (each of which is called a Yuan (
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that assimilated ethnic minorities into the dominant Han culture by a process of naturalization, rather than through brute force.
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Post, Louis Freeland (12 April 1912). "Sun Yat Sen's Economic Program for China". The Public. 15: 349. Retrieved 8 November 2016.
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4174:. Vol. 67 of Routledge studies in the modern history of Asia (illustrated ed.). Taylor & Francis. p. 95.
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The most definite (canonical) exposition of these principles was a book compiled from notes of speeches that Sun gave near
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set on all land properties; purchase of land, which sets up a system where government can purchase land for public use by
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4137:. Vol. 1 of A History of Modern Tibet (reprint, illustrated ed.). University of California Press. p. 450.
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in which he argued that the CCP is a better enforcer of the Three Principles of the People compared to the bourgeois
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as the stage of ‘old democracy’. The Kuomintang and the Chinese Communist Party largely agreed on the meaning of
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3045:. It will guarantee the country's independence, unity, unification and cooperation with the democratic powers."
2627:'Principle of people's welfare/livelihood') is sometimes translated as " Government for the People" or "
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3914:
2244:" or "People" describes a nation rather than a group of persons united by a purpose, the 'Principle of Mínzú' (
1825:
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1201:
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2562:'court')) in a system known as the Five Power Constitution. The state is divided into five "Yuan"s:
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2962:. The Three Principles of the People remains explicitly part of the platform of the Kuomintang and in the
2091:(民報). This was the first time the ideas were expressed in writing. Later on, in the anniversary issue of
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in 1905 appearing as "Three Major Principles" (三大主義) instead of "Three Principles of the People" (三民主義).
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for vesting too much power in the legislative branch. He expanded and reworked the European-American
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failed to achieve any successful land reform Sun envisioned in Mainland China and only succeeded in
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3084:, despite its communist political background, was also taken from the Three Principles of People.
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The teachings of your single-taxer, Henry George, will be the basis of our program of reform.
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Jingji Xue: The History of the Introduction of Western Economic Ideas Into China, 1850–1950
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principles of government of the people, by the people, and for the people, and Roosevelt's
2526:) are the powers of the administration to govern the people. He criticized the traditional
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3673:"Sun Yat-sen's Early Land Policy: The Origin and Meaning of "Equalization of Land Rights""
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He believed that change in Tibet would only be possible in a manner similar to when the
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acknowledges that the principles of welfare is inherently socialistic and communistic.
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The Three Principles of the People were claimed as the basis for the ideologies of the
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The History of the Joint Chiefs of Staff: History of the Indochina incident, 1940-1954
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2474:. The power of the people is guaranteed by four constitutional rights: the right to
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Grand Alliance for China's Reunification under the Three Principles of the People
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Memories of the Future: National Identity Issues and the Search for a New Taiwan
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was a union of various Vietnamese nationalist groups, run by the pro-Chinese
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2859:"The Three Principles of the People unify China" – a sign on
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The ideology is said to be heavily influenced by Sun's experiences in the
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2783: in this section. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
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2160: in this section. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
407:
4384:
4134:
A history of modern Tibet, 1913–1951: the demise of the Lamaist state
3300:. Princeton, NJ: Van Nostrand, 1956; rpr. Stanford University Press.
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2425:
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1998:
31:
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3493:"The Social, Economic, and Political Philosophy of Dr. Sun Yat-Sen"
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United States. Joint Chiefs of Staff. Historical Division (1982).
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2716:
2369:)—under one "Chinese Nation". This principle is symbolized by the
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2050:
2028:
4098:(illustrated ed.). Columbia University Press. p. 152.
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to oppose the rule of the Qing Dynasty, he later came to accept
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3557:. New Approaches to International History series. London, UK:
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Internally, national independence meant independence from the
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40:
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3910:"What Chairman Mao wrote about a 'free and democratic China'"
2635:
and as a direct criticism of the inadequacies of unregulated
415:
1388:
3612:"Five-Power Constitution | Chinese government | Britannica"
3439:"Dr. Sun Yat-sen's Doctrine and Impact on the Modern World"
3333:
Sun Yat-sen: His life and its meaning, a critical biography
3296:
Li Chien-Nung, translated by Teng, Ssu-yu, Jeremy Ingalls.
30:"San Min Chu-i" redirects here. For the national anthem of
3792:
Bergère, Marie-Claire (translated by Janet Lloyd) (1994).
2389:
The Three Principles of the People were partly related to
2903:
terms of cooperating with Japan to advance theoretically
388:
374:
4272:
The Three Principles of the People (1924) by Sun Yat-Sen
4208:"Goh submits application to set up People's Power Party"
3335:. Stanford: Stanford University Press. pp. 94, 271.
2293:
position that China was being economically exploited by
330:
3403:"三民主义与五权分立——在东京《民报》创刊周年庆祝大会的演说 – 主要著述 – 孙中山故居纪念馆_伟人孙中山"
3076:
The motto of Independence - Freedom - Happiness of the
4171:
Modern China's ethnic frontiers: a journey to the west
2039:; the principles also appear in the first line of the
305:
281:
267:
251:
237:
223:
4022:
The last emperors of Vietnam: from Tu Duc to Bao Dai
3941:
The endless war: Vietnam's struggle for independence
3796:. Stanford: Stanford University Press. p. 353.
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The Fear of Chinese Power: an International History
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71:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
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168:, who developed the Three Principles of the People
4515:Revolutionary Committee of the Chinese Kuomintang
2936:institutes (university departments/faculties and
2907:, but in practice, typically Japanese interests.
1460:President of the Judicial Yuan and Chief Justice
4095:Tibetan Buddhists in the Making of Modern China
2345:to unite the five major ethnic groups of China—
699:Provisional Government of the Republic of China
4458:
4292:
4056:The rise of nationalism in Vietnam, 1900–1941
3822:One and All: The Logic of Chinese Sovereignty
2319:Although Sun initially believed in a form of
2055:The concept first appearing in the newspaper
1966:
1169:
307:
193:
179:
27:Political philosophy developed by Sun Yat-sen
8:
3647:. Chinese University Press. pp. 46–48.
2116:of the people, by the people, for the people
4025:. Greenwood Publishing Group. p. 106.
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3139:institutions from the Executive's control.
2657:Sun was influenced by the American thinker
2622:
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749:Hong Kong and Kowloon Trades Union Council
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4495:History of the Kuomintang cultural policy
4059:. Cornell University Press. p. 272.
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3298:The political history of China, 1840–1928
2843:Learn how and when to remove this message
2220:Learn how and when to remove this message
131:Learn how and when to remove this message
2884:Reorganized National Government of China
2041:national anthem of the Republic of China
1870:Taiwan and the World Health Organization
308:
3255:
3234:Five Principles of Peaceful Coexistence
3069:blocked the Communists of Vietnam, and
1285:Vice President of the Republic of China
1228:Additional Articles of the Constitution
1190:
444:
4953:List of assets owned by the Kuomintang
4520:2005 Pan–Blue visits to mainland China
1541:Vice President of the Examination Yuan
1424:Vice President of the Legislative Yuan
586:The International Development of China
390:
283:
144:
4972: ; By-elections denoted with (b)
3945:. Columbia University Press. p.
3773:from the original on 24 December 2015
3548:
3546:
3199:Constitution of the Republic of China
3131:marks the first time in contemporary
3127:in May 2015 by opposition politician
3010:), a word coined by Mao's 1940 essay
2964:Constitution of the Republic of China
2504:Constitution of the Republic of China
2110:. Sun credited a line from Lincoln's
1223:Constitution of the Republic of China
1150:People's Republic of China portal
1086:Constitution of the Republic of China
7:
4958:2019 Kuomintang presidential primary
4592:Socialist ideology of the Kuomintang
4232:from the original on 27 October 2018
4112:from the original on 17 January 2023
3861:from the original on 9 November 2018
3486:
3484:
3432:
3430:
3428:
3397:
3395:
3393:
3292:
3290:
3288:
2781:adding citations to reliable sources
2631:". The concept may be understood as
2599:Socialist ideology of the Kuomintang
2301:. Politically, he looked toward the
2158:adding citations to reliable sources
69:adding citations to reliable sources
5025:Government of the Republic of China
3443:American Journal of Chinese Studies
3262:Stéphane Corcuff, Robert Edmondson
2375:First Republic of China (1911–1928)
2027:as part of a philosophy to improve
1660:Represented in the Legislative Yuan
1475:Vice President of the Judicial Yuan
4261:. New York: AMS Press, Inc., 1974.
4188:from the original on 11 April 2023
3509:10.1111/j.1540-6563.1939.tb00469.x
2996:New Three Principles of the People
2978:rather than in a pan-Chinese one.
2528:three-branch democratic government
2341:. Sun developed the principles of
1577:Vice President of the Control Yuan
1265:President of the Republic of China
1118:Republic of China Military Academy
25:
5050:Politics of the Republic of China
4073:from the original on 2 April 2023
4000:from the original on 2 April 2023
3886:
3743:
3622:from the original on 26 June 2022
3588:
3531:from the original on 9 April 2022
3469:from the original on 9 April 2022
3374:
3224:Politics of the Republic of China
3065:, who was born in China. General
3029:In response to a question from a
2981:
2721:"Portrait of Sun Yat-sen" (1921)
1526:President of the Examination Yuan
1404:President of the Legislative Yuan
4528:
4259:The Triple Demism of Sun Yat-Sen
4257:, translated by Pasquale d'Elia.
3229:Three Principles of the Equality
3209:History of the Republic of China
3183:
3169:
2792:"Three Principles of the People"
2757:
2169:"Three Principles of the People"
2134:
1933:
1822:Special state-to-state relations
1611:
1256:
1200:
1143:
1131:
971:Three Principles of the Equality
951:Kokang Democracy and Unity Party
458:
80:"Three Principles of the People"
45:
4412:National Sun Yat-sen University
3986:. Michael Glazier. p. 56.
3413:from the original on 2 May 2022
3092:The pro-Kuomintang and pro-ROC
2768:needs additional citations for
2490:(複決). These may be equated to "
2145:needs additional citations for
1861:Taiwan–United Kingdom relations
416:
389:
375:
352:
331:
56:needs additional citations for
4990:Three Principles of the People
4597:Three Principles of the People
4417:Three Principles of the People
3078:Democratic Republic of Vietnam
3024:Three Principles of the People
2990:has been reinterpreted by the
2988:Three Principles of the People
2617:
2608:
2552:
2522:
2466:
2430:
2421:
2258:
2249:
2106:and the thought championed by
2003:
1994:
1987:Three Principles of the People
1865:Taiwan–United States relations
574:Equalization of Land Ownership
306:
282:
268:
252:
238:
224:
194:
180:
149:Three Principles of the People
18:Three People's Principles
1:
5065:Syncretic political movements
5000:Books in political philosophy
4937:Presidential Palace (Nanjing)
3219:Republic of China (1912–1949)
3082:Socialist Republic of Vietnam
2104:American progressive movement
2102:and contains elements of the
1891:Republic of China (1912–1949)
1703:Non-Partisan Solidarity Union
1562:President of the Control Yuan
961:Malaysian Chinese Association
552:Revolutionary people's rights
4226:"People's Power Party – PPP"
4131:Melvyn C. Goldstein (1991).
3677:The Journal of Asian Studies
3055:Vietnam Revolutionary League
2976:in a local Taiwanese context
2960:Democratic Progressive Party
2911:Republic of China and Taiwan
2890:, and an inspiration of the
2661:and intended to introduce a
1911:Taiwan independence movement
1903:China and the United Nations
1669:Democratic Progressive Party
1138:Republic of China portal
986:Vietnamese Nationalist Party
4500:National Revolutionary Army
3491:Weaver, William C. (1939).
2643:Equalization of Land Rights
2603:The Principle of Mínshēng (
2262:) is commonly rendered as "
1797:Ministry of Foreign Affairs
1619:Central Election Commission
679:National Revolutionary Army
5081:
5040:Paternalistic conservatism
5030:Ideology of the Kuomintang
4587:Five Races Under One Union
4053:William J. Duiker (1976).
3937:James P. Harrison (1989).
3671:Schiffrin, Harold (1957).
3641:Trescott, Paul B. (2007).
2982:People's Republic of China
2914:
2646:
2596:
2501:
2343:Five Races Under One Union
2315:Five Races Under One Union
2312:
2309:Five Races Under One Union
1924:Third Taiwan Strait Crisis
1885:Political status of Taiwan
1845:Australia–Taiwan relations
1687:Taiwan Statebuilding Party
789:Chinese Muslim Association
505:Five Races Under One Union
29:
4966:
4526:
4510:Blue Sky with a White Sun
4490:History of the Kuomintang
3894:(in Chinese) – via
3826:Stanford University Press
3751:(in Chinese) – via
3596:(in Chinese) – via
3382:(in Chinese) – via
3214:National Anthem of Taiwan
3123:The establishment of the
3003:
2543:
2513:
2508:The power of governance (
2457:
2448:Four Rights of the People
2009:Three People's Principles
2007:; also translated as the
1310:National Security Council
1063:Revolutionary nationalism
945:Outside of mainland China
727:Chinese Pan-Blue Alliance
722:Chinese Nationalist Party
638:History of the Kuomintang
427:
201:
158:
154:
36:National Anthem of Taiwan
3915:South China Morning Post
1826:One Country on Each Side
976:Taiwanese People's Party
175:Traditional Chinese
5005:Centre-right ideologies
3553:Crean, Jeffrey (2024).
3271:24 January 2023 at the
3102:Tibet Improvement Party
2992:Chinese Communist Party
2892:Chinese Communist Party
2725:Oil on Canvas 93×71.7cm
2532:three-branch government
2498:Five Power Constitution
2452:The power of politics (
2339:mono-ethnic nationalism
1857:Russia–Taiwan relations
1853:France–Taiwan relations
1849:Canada–Taiwan relations
1695:Taiwan Solidarity Union
1305:Office of the President
981:Tibet Improvement Party
956:Korea Nationalist Party
801:Kuomintang Youth League
739:123 Democratic Alliance
732:Revolutionary Committee
527:Five-Power Constitution
189:Simplified Chinese
5020:Economic progressivism
5015:Conservatism in Taiwan
4968:Notes: Acting leaders
4557:(Flag, emblem creator)
4432:Sun Yat-sen University
4349:Provisional Government
4019:Oscar Chapuis (2000).
3820:Laikwan, Pang (2024).
3437:Ling, Yu-long (2012).
3331:Sharman, Lyon (1968).
3100:, who established the
3059:Việt Nam Quốc Dân Đảng
2871:
2726:
2060:
1818:Cross-Strait relations
1627:Presidential elections
1596:Mayors and Magistrates
1393:
684:Nationalist government
610:State-owned enterprise
3769:. terms.naer.edu.tw.
3096:revolutionary leader
3006:, also translated as
2858:
2720:
2653:Land reform in Taiwan
2391:cultural conservatism
2385:Cultural conservatism
2270:National Independence
2054:
1915:Taiwanese nationalism
1673:Taiwan People's Party
1632:Legislative elections
1397:11th Legislative Yuan
1392:
1025:Cultural conservatism
4864:Leadership elections
4770:Extraordinary (1938)
4092:Gray Tuttle (2007).
3968:Chang Fa-Kuei vnqdd.
3145:freedom of the press
3125:People's Power Party
2777:improve this article
2408:or Governance Rights
2154:improve this article
2065:Revive China Society
2021:political philosophy
966:People's Power Party
806:Reorganization Group
754:Revive China Society
567:Socialism (Mínshēng)
65:improve this article
5035:Nationalism in Asia
5010:Chinese nationalism
4572:Chinese unification
4505:Northern Expedition
3559:Bloomsbury Academic
2971:Taiwan independence
2938:graduate institutes
2932:There were several
2536:checks and balances
2337:, as opposed to an
1907:Chinese unification
1081:Anti-Qing sentiment
811:Western Hills Group
784:Blue Shirts Society
744:Democratic Alliance
694:Northern Expedition
667:National Revolution
655:Kidnapped in London
537:Popular sovereignty
520:Democracy (Mínquán)
495:Chinese unification
488:Nationalism (Mínzú)
376:saam1 man4 zyu2 ji6
5045:Political theories
4932:Huguang Guild Hall
4925:Significant venues
3918:. 12 February 2019
3851:"On New Democracy"
3616:www.britannica.com
3407:www.sunyat-sen.org
3204:Democracy in China
3033:reporter in 1945,
2872:
2727:
2534:and the system of
2112:Gettysburg Address
2061:
1708:Green Party Taiwan
1691:People First Party
1394:
1193:Politics of Taiwan
1101:Pan-Blue Coalition
998:Related ideologies
839:Chiang (Ching-kuo)
633:First United Front
532:Popular initiative
5055:Social philosophy
4977:
4976:
4440:
4439:
4337:Penang conference
4332:Malaya activities
4181:978-0-415-58264-3
4105:978-0-231-13447-7
3568:978-1-350-23394-2
3349:. ap6.pccu.edu.tw
3314:978-0-8047-0602-5
3244:Dai Jitao Thought
3149:freedom of speech
3019:Nationalist Party
2923:Republic of China
2867:(Quemoy), facing
2853:
2852:
2845:
2827:
2625:
2593:or Welfare Rights
2560:
2472:National Assembly
2438:
2399:Chinese tradition
2329:China-nationalism
2230:
2229:
2222:
2204:
2063:In 1894 when the
1983:
1982:
1940:Taiwan portal
1895:Chinese Civil War
1791:Foreign relations
1738:United Daily News
1655:Political parties
1186:
1185:
1091:National Assembly
1030:Dai Jitao Thought
849:Chiang (Wei-shui)
844:Chiang (Kai-shek)
766:Young China Party
704:Second Revolution
689:New Life Movement
431:
430:
423:
422:
212:Standard Mandarin
141:
140:
133:
115:
16:(Redirected from
5072:
5060:State ideologies
4775:6th (Wang, 1939)
4654:Chiang Ching-kuo
4614:
4532:
4476:
4467:
4460:
4453:
4444:
4379:Soong Ching-ling
4301:
4294:
4287:
4278:
4242:
4241:
4239:
4237:
4228:. facebook.com.
4222:
4216:
4215:
4210:. Archived from
4204:
4198:
4197:
4195:
4193:
4162:
4156:
4155:
4153:
4151:
4128:
4122:
4121:
4119:
4117:
4089:
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4082:
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4078:
4050:
4044:
4043:
4041:
4039:
4016:
4010:
4009:
4007:
4005:
3977:
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3965:
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3944:
3934:
3928:
3927:
3925:
3923:
3906:
3900:
3899:
3893:
3884:
3877:
3871:
3870:
3868:
3866:
3855:www.marxists.org
3846:
3840:
3839:
3824:. Stanford, CA:
3817:
3808:
3807:
3789:
3783:
3782:
3780:
3778:
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3750:
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3595:
3586:
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3573:
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3541:
3540:
3538:
3536:
3488:
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3474:
3434:
3423:
3422:
3420:
3418:
3399:
3388:
3387:
3381:
3372:
3365:
3359:
3358:
3356:
3354:
3347:"+{中華百科全書‧典藏版}+"
3343:
3337:
3336:
3328:
3317:
3294:
3283:
3260:
3193:
3188:
3187:
3186:
3179:
3174:
3173:
3172:
3098:Pandatsang Rapga
3013:On New Democracy
3005:
2956:Tangwai movement
2954:then except the
2934:higher-education
2848:
2841:
2837:
2834:
2828:
2826:
2785:
2761:
2753:
2665:tax reform. The
2626:
2623:
2619:
2610:
2584:Examination Yuan
2564:Legislative Yuan
2561:
2558:
2554:
2545:
2524:
2515:
2468:
2459:
2439:
2436:
2432:
2423:
2412:The framing of '
2379:interculturalism
2303:unequal treaties
2295:unbalanced trade
2260:
2251:
2225:
2218:
2214:
2211:
2205:
2203:
2162:
2138:
2130:
2031:made during the
2013:San-min Doctrine
2005:
1996:
1975:
1968:
1961:
1938:
1937:
1936:
1919:Tangwai movement
1899:One-China policy
1834:Taiwan consensus
1804:Foreign Minister
1615:
1590:Local government
1548:Chou Hung-hsien
1519:Examination Yuan
1385:Legislative Yuan
1260:
1204:
1188:
1178:
1171:
1164:
1148:
1147:
1146:
1136:
1135:
1134:
1020:Communitarianism
929:
912:
675:
663:
651:
643:June 16 incident
594:
582:
560:
475:Anti-imperialism
462:
452:
448:Three Principles
433:
419:
418:
395:
394:
393:
378:
377:
357:
356:
355:
334:
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313:
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73:
49:
41:
21:
5080:
5079:
5075:
5074:
5073:
5071:
5070:
5069:
4995:1911 Revolution
4980:
4979:
4978:
4973:
4962:
4941:
4920:
4859:
4733:
4680:Chiang Pin-kung
4639:Chiang Kai-shek
4612:
4606:
4560:
4533:
4524:
4478:
4474:
4471:
4441:
4436:
4390:
4353:
4344:1911 Revolution
4310:
4305:
4268:
4251:
4246:
4245:
4235:
4233:
4224:
4223:
4219:
4214:on 20 May 2015.
4206:
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4091:
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4076:
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4067:
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4047:
4037:
4035:
4033:
4018:
4017:
4013:
4003:
4001:
3994:
3979:
3978:
3974:
3961:
3959:
3957:
3936:
3935:
3931:
3921:
3919:
3908:
3907:
3903:
3882:"民生主义第一讲"
3879:
3878:
3874:
3864:
3862:
3848:
3847:
3843:
3836:
3819:
3818:
3811:
3804:
3791:
3790:
3786:
3776:
3774:
3765:
3764:
3760:
3739:"民生主義第二講"
3736:
3735:
3731:
3726:
3722:
3690:10.2307/2941638
3670:
3669:
3665:
3655:
3640:
3639:
3635:
3625:
3623:
3610:
3609:
3605:
3584:"民权主義第五講"
3581:
3580:
3576:
3569:
3552:
3551:
3544:
3534:
3532:
3490:
3489:
3482:
3472:
3470:
3436:
3435:
3426:
3416:
3414:
3401:
3400:
3391:
3370:"民族主義第五講"
3367:
3366:
3362:
3352:
3350:
3345:
3344:
3340:
3330:
3329:
3320:
3295:
3286:
3273:Wayback Machine
3261:
3257:
3252:
3189:
3184:
3182:
3175:
3170:
3168:
3165:
3121:
3090:
3063:Nguyễn Hải Thần
3051:
2984:
2958:groups such as
2919:
2913:
2880:Chiang Kai-shek
2849:
2838:
2832:
2829:
2786:
2784:
2774:
2762:
2751:
2735:Chiang Kai-shek
2715:
2707:Chiang Kai-shek
2698:
2655:
2645:
2601:
2595:
2506:
2500:
2450:
2410:
2387:
2371:Five Color Flag
2321:Han nationalism
2317:
2311:
2272:
2238:
2226:
2215:
2209:
2206:
2163:
2161:
2151:
2139:
2128:
2108:Abraham Lincoln
2049:
1979:
1950:
1946:Other countries
1934:
1932:
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1921:
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1775:Film censorship
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1683:New Power Party
1681:
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1657:
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1637:Local elections
1623:
1609:
1599:
1598:
1593:
1586:
1580:
1565:
1550:
1544:
1534:Huang Jong-tsun
1529:
1515:
1505:
1504:
1500:District Courts
1486:
1483:Tsai Jeong-duen
1478:
1463:
1449:
1439:
1438:
1427:
1407:
1381:
1371:
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1195:
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1123:
1122:
1096:National Anthem
1076:
1068:
1067:
999:
991:
990:
946:
938:
937:
923:
906:
884:Wang (Chonghui)
824:
816:
815:
779:
771:
770:
717:
709:
708:
669:
657:
645:
628:1911 Revolution
623:
615:
614:
588:
576:
563:
554:
542:Recall election
516:
484:
470:
449:
446:
353:
332:sae min tsy nyi
263:Tongyong Pinyin
253:
169:
148:
137:
126:
120:
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74:
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62:
50:
39:
28:
23:
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15:
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4777:
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4738:Party congress
4735:
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4732:
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4719:
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4707:
4702:
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4646:
4641:
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4607:
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4602:Zhonghua minzu
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4266:External links
4264:
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4166:Hsiao-ting Lin
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3767:"〔民生主義育樂兩篇補述〕"
3758:
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3683:(4): 549–564.
3663:
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3503:(2): 132–141.
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2869:mainland China
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2833:September 2021
2765:
2763:
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2750:
2747:
2714:
2711:
2697:
2694:
2679:eminent domain
2675:land value tax
2667:land value tax
2644:
2641:
2633:social welfare
2618:Mínshēng Zhǔyì
2597:Main article:
2594:
2588:
2568:Executive Yuan
2502:Main article:
2499:
2496:
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2386:
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2334:Zhonghua Minzu
2313:Main article:
2310:
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2236:or Nationalism
2231:
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2227:
2210:September 2021
2142:
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2126:The Principles
2124:
2114:, "government
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2033:Republican Era
1981:
1980:
1978:
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1970:
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1880:Related topics
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1830:1992 Consensus
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239:ㄙㄢ ㄇㄧㄣˊ ㄓㄨˇ ㄧˋ
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3993:9780894532870
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3849:Mao, Zedong.
3845:
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3835:9781503638815
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3497:The Historian
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3191:Taiwan portal
3181:
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3129:Goh Meng Seng
3126:
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3043:Four Freedoms
3039:
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3027:
3025:
3020:
3016:
3014:
3009:
3008:Neo-tridemism
3001:
2997:
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2804:
2801:
2797:
2794: –
2793:
2789:
2788:Find sources:
2782:
2778:
2772:
2771:
2766:This section
2764:
2760:
2755:
2754:
2748:
2746:
2744:
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2736:
2732:
2724:
2719:
2712:
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2693:
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2687:
2684:However, the
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2638:
2634:
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2600:
2592:
2589:
2587:
2585:
2581:
2578:thought; the
2577:
2576:Montesquieuan
2573:
2572:Judicial Yuan
2569:
2565:
2555:
2549:
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2537:
2533:
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2477:
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2431:Mínquán Zhǔyì
2427:
2419:
2415:
2407:
2404:
2402:
2400:
2396:
2392:
2384:
2382:
2380:
2376:
2372:
2368:
2365:(such as the
2364:
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2199:
2195:
2192:
2188:
2185:
2181:
2178:
2174:
2171: –
2170:
2166:
2165:Find sources:
2159:
2155:
2149:
2148:
2143:This section
2141:
2137:
2132:
2131:
2125:
2123:
2121:
2117:
2113:
2109:
2105:
2101:
2100:United States
2096:
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2074:
2070:
2066:
2058:
2053:
2046:
2044:
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2030:
2026:
2023:developed by
2022:
2018:
2014:
2010:
2006:
2000:
1992:
1988:
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1969:
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1812:Lin Chia-lung
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1744:Liberty Times
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1490:Supreme Court
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1453:Judicial Yuan
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1431:Johnny Chiang
1426:
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450:of the People
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309:صً مٍ ﺟُﻮْ ىِ
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76:Find sources:
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54:This article
52:
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43:
42:
37:
33:
19:
4969:
4721:
4709:
4697:
4685:
4678:
4674:Wu Po-hsiung
4669:Ma Ying-jeou
4659:Lee Teng-hui
4649:Wang Jingwei
4634:Zhang Renjie
4628:Song Jiaoren
4626:
4596:
4545:Song Jiaoren
4416:
4381:(third wife)
4373:Kaoru Otsuki
4369:(first wife)
4322:Four Bandits
4258:
4249:Bibliography
4234:. Retrieved
4220:
4212:the original
4202:
4190:. Retrieved
4170:
4160:
4148:. Retrieved
4133:
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2787:
2775:Please help
2770:verification
2767:
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2683:
2671:
2659:Henry George
2656:
2616:
2602:
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2580:Control Yuan
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2492:civil rights
2465:
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2442:General will
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2291:mercantilist
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2197:
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2164:
2152:Please help
2147:verification
2144:
2097:
2092:
2088:
2083:. After the
2079:, and 10 in
2062:
2056:
2016:
2012:
2008:
2004:Sānmín Zhǔyì
2002:
1986:
1984:
1889:
1883:
1843:
1816:
1810:
1802:
1795:
1780:White Terror
1768:
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1756:Taipei Times
1754:
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1473:
1468:Hsu Tzong-li
1466:
1458:
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1410:
1402:
1395:
1383:
1356:Vice Premier
1354:
1344:Cho Jung-tai
1342:
1334:
1327:
1291:
1283:
1273:Lai Ching-te
1271:
1263:
793:
758:
565:
564:
518:
517:
509:
500:Pan-Asianism
486:
485:
447:
445:
401:Southern Min
347:Romanization
326:Romanization
225:Sānmín Zhǔyì
219:Hanyu Pinyin
142:
127:
118:
108:
101:
94:
87:
75:
63:Please help
58:verification
55:
4855:21st (2021)
4850:20th (2017)
4845:19th (2013)
4840:18th (2009)
4835:17th (2005)
4830:16th (2001)
4825:15th (1997)
4820:14th (1993)
4815:13th (1988)
4810:12th (1981)
4805:11th (1976)
4800:10th (1969)
4723:Lin Rong-te
4622:Sun Yat-sen
4550:Sun Yat-sen
4327:Tongmenghui
4308:Sun Yat-sen
4255:Sun Yat-sen
4236:24 December
4192:27 December
4150:27 December
4116:27 December
4077:30 November
4038:30 November
4004:30 November
3962:30 November
3922:14 February
3794:Sun Yat-sen
3777:24 December
3449:(1): 1–11.
3353:24 December
3133:Singaporean
3071:Ho Chi Minh
3067:Zhang Fakui
2949:Martial Law
2921:During the
2900:nationalism
2264:nationalism
2259:Mínzú Zhǔyì
2085:Tongmenghui
2025:Sun Yat-sen
1750:China Times
1642:Referendums
1495:High Courts
1379:Legislature
924: [
907: [
760:Tongmenghui
670: [
658: [
646: [
598:Land reform
589: [
577: [
555: [
301:Xiao'erjing
166:Sun Yat-sen
4984:Categories
4970:italicised
4795:9th (1963)
4790:8th (1957)
4785:7th (1952)
4780:6th (1945)
4765:5th (1935)
4760:4th (1931)
4755:3rd (1929)
4750:2nd (1926)
4745:1st (1924)
4717:Wu Den-yih
4687:Wu Den-yih
4555:Lu Haodong
4475:Kuomintang
3896:Wikisource
3753:Wikisource
3598:Wikisource
3384:Wikisource
3281:0765607921
3250:References
3038:Mao Zedong
2952:ruling era
2915:See also:
2896:Mao Zedong
2876:Kuomintang
2803:newspapers
2686:Kuomintang
2647:See also:
2637:capitalism
2574:came from
2570:, and the
2488:referendum
2486:(創制), and
2484:initiative
2361:, and the
2180:newspapers
2037:Kuomintang
1770:Censorship
1764:Propaganda
1732:Newspapers
1725:Television
1719:Mass media
1665:Kuomintang
1412:Han Kuo-yu
1253:Presidency
1216:Government
1040:Liberalism
933:Zou (Rong)
547:Referendum
469:Principles
247:Wade–Giles
91:newspapers
4664:Lien Chan
4644:Hu Hanmin
4577:Chiangism
4402:Mausoleum
4367:Lu Muzhen
3715:164082381
3699:0021-9118
3517:0018-2370
3455:2166-0042
3239:Chiangism
3119:Singapore
2905:pan-Asian
2743:socialism
2739:communism
2731:Guangzhou
2703:socialism
2629:Socialism
2480:recalling
2467:zhèngquán
2414:democracy
2240:Because "
2120:Hu Hanmin
2017:Tridemism
1699:New Party
1607:Elections
1447:Judiciary
1323:Executive
1111:Hong Kong
1042:(element)
1015:Chiangism
1011:(element)
1004:Anarchism
795:Guominjun
603:in Taiwan
4946:See also
4911:2020 (b)
4901:2016 (b)
4896:2015 (b)
4881:2007 (b)
4693:Eric Chu
4582:Dang Guo
4565:Ideology
4538:Founders
4230:Archived
4186:Archived
4168:(2010).
4110:Archived
4071:Archived
3998:Archived
3859:Archived
3771:Archived
3620:Archived
3529:Archived
3525:24435880
3467:Archived
3463:44288973
3411:Archived
3269:Archived
3163:See also
3080:and the
2723:Li Tiefu
2663:Georgist
2649:Georgism
2591:Mínshēng
2582:and the
2476:election
2355:Tibetans
2073:Brussels
1570:Chen Chu
1241:Taxation
1056:Economic
1035:Georgism
921:Zou (Lu)
438:a series
436:Part of
370:Jyutping
233:Bopomofo
4613:Leaders
4483:History
3707:2941638
3626:9 April
3535:9 April
3473:9 April
3417:9 April
3275:p. 77.
3049:Vietnam
3031:Reuters
3000:Chinese
2969:As for
2863:, near
2817:scholar
2605:Chinese
2540:Chinese
2523:zhìquán
2510:Chinese
2454:Chinese
2418:Chinese
2406:Mínquán
2395:Marxism
2373:of the
2367:Uyghurs
2363:Muslims
2359:Manchus
2351:Mongols
2299:tariffs
2283:Manchus
2246:Chinese
2194:scholar
2093:Min Bao
2089:Min Bao
2057:Min Bao
2047:Origins
2019:) is a
1991:Chinese
1336:Premier
716:Parties
622:History
408:Hokkien
105:scholar
4385:Sun Fo
4359:Family
4178:
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4063:
4029:
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2886:under
2882:, the
2878:under
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2819:
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2790:
2749:Legacy
2696:Impact
2690:Taiwan
2615::
2613:pinyin
2607::
2566:, the
2550::
2548:pinyin
2542::
2520::
2518:pinyin
2512::
2482:(罷免),
2478:(選舉),
2464::
2462:pinyin
2456::
2428::
2426:pinyin
2420::
2256::
2254:pinyin
2248::
2196:
2189:
2182:
2175:
2167:
2077:Berlin
2069:Europe
2001::
1999:pinyin
1993::
1679:Others
823:People
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100:
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32:Taiwan
4422:Roads
4407:Names
4395:Other
4387:(son)
3865:7 May
3711:S2CID
3703:JSTOR
3521:JSTOR
3459:JSTOR
3088:Tibet
3004:新三民主义
2824:JSTOR
2810:books
2713:Canon
2242:Mínzú
2234:Mínzú
2201:JSTOR
2187:books
2081:Paris
2029:China
2015:, or
928:]
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904:Zhang
864:Huang
674:]
662:]
650:]
593:]
581:]
559:]
340:Hakka
112:JSTOR
98:books
4916:2021
4906:2017
4891:2013
4886:2009
4876:2005
4871:2001
4427:Suit
4315:Life
4238:2015
4194:2011
4176:ISBN
4152:2011
4139:ISBN
4118:2011
4100:ISBN
4079:2010
4061:ISBN
4040:2010
4027:ISBN
4006:2010
3988:ISBN
3964:2010
3951:ISBN
3924:2024
3889:三民主义
3867:2022
3830:ISBN
3798:ISBN
3779:2015
3746:三民主义
3695:ISSN
3649:ISBN
3628:2022
3591:三民主義
3563:ISBN
3537:2022
3513:ISSN
3475:2022
3451:ISSN
3419:2022
3377:三民主义
3355:2015
3310:ISBN
3302:ISBN
3277:ISBN
3147:and
3053:The
2986:The
2796:news
2651:and
2624:lit.
2609:民生主義
2559:lit.
2553:yuàn
2437:lit.
2422:民權主義
2297:and
2280:Qing
2250:民族主義
2173:news
1995:三民主義
1985:The
879:Song
874:Shao
869:Liao
834:Chen
195:三民主义
181:三民主義
84:news
3685:doi
3505:doi
2925:'s
2779:by
2741:or
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2331:,"
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2156:by
1435:KMT
1416:KMT
1367:DPP
1348:DPP
1297:DPP
1277:DPP
1236:Law
916:Zhu
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829:Sun
411:POJ
384:IPA
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