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The
Tianlongshan Grottoes exist today in a damaged state in Taiyuan with so many of the sculptures now missing, that visitors to the caves cannot imagine how they looked in the past. Many of the sculptures from the caves are now in museums around the world. Researchers at the University of Chicago
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initiated the
Tianlongshan Caves Project in 2013 to pursue research and digital imaging of the caves and their sculptures. The Project seeks to record and archive the sculptures and to compile data that can identify the fragments and their places of origin.
238:, with a corresponding influx of Chinese monks, while there was conversely a migration of Indian monks from India to Central Asia, precisely looking for this protection. These events gave rise to the hybrid styles of
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located within them. The temple complex spans two mountains: there are eight grottoes on the eastern mountain and 13 on the western mountain. The complex was constructed over a number of centuries, from the
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A number of works of
Buddhist sculpture survived in the caves, including over 1,500 statues and 1,144 reliefs sculptures. Many of the sculptures are of painted stone. The subject matter includes images of
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in
Afghanistan. This style is part of a cosmopolitan artistic idiom which spread from China to Central Asia at the time, with similarities visible for example in the Tang productions of Tianlongshan.
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of a book on the caves' contents led to a sharp increase in collector interest. For this reason, many sculptures originating from
Tianlongshan are currently housed in foreign museums.
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have been noted, and the existence of a 'common international style' inclusive of Tang China and the regions to the west and south of the Pamir has been suggested" in
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In the 1920s, a number of the sculptures were removed and sold to collectors abroad. In particular, the publication by
Japanese art dealer
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Chinese Wood
Sculptures of the 11th to 13th centuries: Images of Water-moon Guanyin in Northern Chinese Temples and Western Collections
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extended its influence and promotion of
Buddhism to the Kingdom of
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and late Tapa Sardar and the early 8th-century Tang production of
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Major
Historical and Cultural Site Protected at the National Level
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The
Buddhist art of Central Asia, particularly the area of
546:. New York City: Columbia University Press. p. 210.
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505:"From Early to Late Tapa Sardār: A Tentative Chronology"
461:"From Early to Late Tapa Sardār: A Tentative Chronology"
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Major National Historical and Cultural Sites in Shanxi
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Major national historical and cultural sites (Shanxi)
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Manshan Pavilion (漫山阁) of the Tianlongshan Grottoes
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503:Verardi, Giovanni; Paparatti, Elio (2005).
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395:"Tianlong Shan Cave Temples, Shanxi, China"
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160:: Mountain of the Heavenly Dragon) are
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369:Your Gateway Travel to Beijing, China
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242:and of the second artistic phase of
216:Gandhara style of Buddhist sculpture
320:Tang Bodhisattva Head, Tianlongshan
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738:Taiyuan Normal University
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284:Torso of a sitting Buddha
250:Removal of the sculptures
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827:Pagoda of Fogong Temple
399:Encyclopædia Britannica
422:Falco, Angela (2006).
262:Sculpture digitization
214:. A connection to the
842:Tianlongshan Grottoes
817:Mengshan Giant Buddha
542:Rösch, Petra (2007).
342:Rock-cut architecture
136:Tianlongshan Grottoes
17:Tianlongshan Grottoes
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832:Pingyao Ancient City
308:Standing bodhisattva
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785:Visitor attractions
296:Sitting bodhisattva
218:has been proposed.
183:northern Qi dynasty
158:English translation
113: /
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153:Tiānlóngshān Shíkū
117:37.736°N 112.377°E
55:Shown within China
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700:Taihang Mountains
685:Lüliang Mountains
424:Chinese Sculpture
256:Yamanaka Sadajirō
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402:. Retrieved
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372:. Retrieved
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236:Central Asia
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208:bodhisattvas
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187:Tang dynasty
151:
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847:Yanmen Pass
761:Jin Chinese
705:Xiechi Lake
695:Mount Wutai
680:Hutuo River
451:Fonduqistan
244:Tapa Sardar
240:Fondukistan
232:Tang Empire
228:Afghanistan
164:located in
120: /
108:112°22′37″E
96:Coordinates
899:Categories
822:Mount Heng
690:Mount Heng
433:0300100655
348:References
212:naturalism
185:until the
105:37°44′10″N
720:Education
675:Fen River
662:Geography
521:0012-8376
477:0012-8376
404:23 August
374:23 August
871:Category
766:Pu opera
647:Politics
529:29757657
485:29757657
326:See also
920:Taiyuan
883:Commons
776:Cuisine
748:Culture
652:Economy
642:History
634:General
625:capital
621:Taiyuan
271:Gallery
197:Artwork
166:Taiyuan
140:Chinese
797:Dazhai
670:Cities
613:topics
611:Shanxi
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204:Buddha
150::
148:pinyin
142::
812:Jinci
525:JSTOR
481:JSTOR
174:China
162:caves
144:天龙山石窟
548:ISBN
517:ISSN
473:ISSN
428:ISBN
406:2015
376:2015
206:and
134:The
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