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Tie-ins are considered an important part of the revenue-stream for any major media release, and both planning and licensing for such works often begins at the very earliest stages of creating such a property. Tie-ins provide both an important way of generating additional income from a property, and a
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or story collections inspired by the property, or republished previously existing books, such as the novels on which a media property was based, with artwork or photographs from the property. According to publishing industry estimates, about one or two percent of the audience of a film will buy its
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noted the flourishing market for TV series tie-in novels, coinciding with the increasing cultural significance of quality television series. The increasing number of previously established novelists taking on tie-in works has also been credited with these works gaining a "patina of respectability"
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The lineage of tie-in works can be quite convoluted; for example, a novelization might be done of a video game, which was based on a television series, based on a film, based on a comic book which was the original media property. In several cases, a novelization has been released based on a movie
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A novelization is a derivative novel that adapts the story of a work created for another medium, such as a film, TV series, comic strip or video game. Film novelizations were particularly popular before the invention of home video, but continue to find commercial success as part of marketing
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These tie-ins can be considered as forms of "free advertising", as they create more exposure for the media property. Tie-ins need not have a direct association with the property; for example, a particular pizza company can offer coupons that are associated with the
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films, but that specific pizza company itself does not necessarily have to appear in the films. By this association, however, the pizza company is exposed to a bigger audience. If a media property does well, the tie-ins gain that positive exposure as well.
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film franchises. Although increasingly also a domain of previously established novelists, tie-in writing has the disadvantages, from the writers' point of view, of modest pay, tight deadlines and no ownership in the intellectual property created.
336:. Such poor quality is often due to game developers forced to rush the product in order to meet the film's release date, or due to issues with adapting the original work's plot into an interactive form, such as in the case of the
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Tie-in products may also have a documentary or supplemental character, such as "making-of" books documenting the creation of a media property. Tie-in products also include other types of works based on the media property, such as
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291:, under pressure to finish the game in time for the film's release. The aim for the publishers is to increase hype and revenue, as the two industries effectively market one another's releases.
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which was in turn adapted from an original novel. In such cases, it is not uncommon to see the novelization and a film release of the original novel side by side on the same shelf.
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Wasko, Janet, Mark
Phillips, and Chris Purdie. 1993. "Hollywood Meets Madison Avenue: The Commercialization of US Films". Media, Culture & Society 15(2): 271-293.
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399:). Novel tie-ins were published less frequently after the 1990s, with developers only taking risks with stories that had already been licensed for films.
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campaigns for major films. They are often written by accomplished writers based on an early draft of the film's script and on a tight deadline.
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film series, where one reviewer criticised some of the game's missions and side-quests as being unrelated to the film's storyline.
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novelization, making these relatively inexpensively produced works a commercially attractive proposition in the case of
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Tie-in books are sometimes reprints of novels rebranded to tie in with their film adaptation. As an example, after
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may be published featuring the adapted story, as well as other stories from the same author; for example, while
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See You in the Funny Pages — Comic books enter the gift market: are pop culture gifts coming of age?
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after having previously been disregarded in literary circles as derivative and mere merchandise.
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used primarily to generate additional income from that property and to promote its visibility.
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664:"Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows Part 1 Video Game Review - PlayStation 3 Review at IGN"
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way of satisfying the desires of fans who enthusiastically support a popular media property.
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based on popular films of the era. It later adopted a more traditional nonfiction format.
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based on the original work; for example, the many books, comics and video games set in an
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Film license video games have a reputation for being of poor quality; for example,
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58:. Tie-ins are authorized by the owners of the original property, and are a form of
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work is a work of fiction or other product based on a media property such as a
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being one of the few exceptions. One of the first movie tie-in games, Atari's
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issue 60, December 1990; at The Your
Sinclair the Rock 'n' Roll Years
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recordings, video games, or merchandise including toys and clothing.
217:". The official organization linked to writing media tie-ins is the
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The Midas
Formula. How to create a billion-dollar movie franchise.
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595:"Hollywood and video game industry profit from movie tie-ins"
197:. Similarly, novels were published to tie in with the films
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Common tie-in products include literary works, which may be
552:"Popular TV Series and Movies Maintain Relevance as Novels"
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are tie-in licences for films, television series or books.
332:(1982) was deemed so bad it was cited as one cause of the
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For the meaning of the term in U.S. college football, see
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Tie-in works may also tell new stories in the form of
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209:, featuring Philip K. Dick's original short stories "
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640:"Movie and Game Studios Getting the Total Picture"
577:"Review: Movie Tie-In Games Mostly Disappointing"
219:International Association of Media Tie-In Writers
445:, first published in 1911, originally presented
389:. Action games based on novels are less common (
287:have to work within constraints imposed by the
74:This pannier bag is a tie-in product from the
771:The YS Complete Guide To Film And TV Licences
279:Video game movie tie-ins are expensive for a
193:, which featured the story, was reprinted as
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349:Video tie-in licences for novels tend to be
482:Some early examples of TV tie-in books are
195:Apt Pupil: A Novella in Different Seasons
162:was similarly republished to tie in with
152:with the film's poster on the cover. The
171:A tie-in book linked to a film based on
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128:Rebranding of previously published work
693:"Why Are Books Never Made Into Games?"
168:, the film loosely based on the book.
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362:The Hitchhiker's Guide to the Galaxy
159:Do Androids Dream of Electric Sheep?
550:Alter, Alexandra (4 January 2015).
340:based on the last two films of the
372:I Have No Mouth, and I Must Scream
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316:, all reviewed in June 1994) 36%
237:and other spin-offs, creating an
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638:Musgrove, Mike (10 July 2006).
142:was adapted into the 1988 film
91:of a media property, original
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732:The dictionary definition of
245:based initially on the first
616:Stuart Campbell (May 1995).
419:Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles
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691:Rich Knight (2007-10-08).
459:The Adventures of Superman
329:E.T. the Extra-Terrestrial
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21:Bids to college bowl games
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618:"Ready For Your Close-Up"
474:) was published in 1942.
466:(illustrated by original
377:point-and-click adventure
334:video game industry crash
392:William Shatner's TekWar
304:'s three film licenses (
251:trilogy. In 2015, the
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508:Cross media marketing
403:Revenue and structure
139:Nothing Lasts Forever
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798:Marketing techniques
793:Works based on works
397:first-person shooter
283:to license, and the
187:, King's collection
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211:The Minority Report
748:Edward Jay Epstein
644:washingtonpost.com
556:The New York Times
484:Leave It to Beaver
323:The Blues Brothers
225:Expanded universes
185:the eponymous film
148:, it was retitled
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672:. 8 December 2010
523:Expanded universe
387:graphic adventure
243:expanded universe
239:expanded universe
190:Different Seasons
183:" was adapted to
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52:role-playing game
40:television series
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154:Philip K. Dick
136:'s 1979 novel
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119:Novelization
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697:Blend Games
622:Amiga Power
581:foxnews.com
472:Joe Shuster
382:Neuromancer
359:(1982) and
310:Cliffhanger
297:Amiga Power
289:film studio
274:video games
262:Video games
98:blockbuster
787:Categories
702:2009-03-01
649:2007-11-01
599:Canada.com
561:18 January
534:References
494:(1961) by
478:Television
395:(1995), a
356:The Hobbit
107:soundtrack
80:South Park
44:board game
36:video game
752:Slate.com
442:Photoplay
369:, whilst
302:Psygnosis
300:awarding
248:Star Wars
181:Apt Pupil
76:TV series
502:See also
486:(1960),
468:Superman
318:in total
235:prequels
215:Paycheck
206:Paycheck
150:Die Hard
145:Die Hard
48:web site
528:Toyetic
470:artist
306:Dracula
231:sequels
213:" and "
735:tie-in
453:Comics
156:novel
93:novels
28:tie-in
773:from
676:7 May
338:games
272:Some
66:Types
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678:2012
563:2015
432:Film
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