189:
his photograph and later picked him out from an identity parade. Cole was convicted by a jury of rape, primarily based on the testimony of the victim. He was sentenced to 25 years in prison. While incarcerated, he was offered parole if he would admit guilt, but he refused. Cole died in prison on
December 2, 1999, during an asthma attack. His family, later joined by the victim, sought to clear his name through the
262:
188:
in
Lubbock, had just parked her car when she was accosted by a man, forced back into the car, and raped. The rape was one of a number of similar attacks in the area at the time. Police showed photographs of potential suspects to Mallin, including one of Cole, another student at Texas Tech. She picked
243:
to convince the United States
Internal Revenue Service that compensation for incarceration stemming from a wrongful conviction should not be treated as taxable income, that instead it should be treated the same as compensation for personal injuries which is not taxable income. This ultimately led to
247:
The bill also established the
Timothy Cole Advisory Panel on Wrongful Convictions. A panel set up to study the causes of wrongful convictions and to devise ways of preventing them is to report to the Texas governor no later than 2011. While Perry stated he wanted to issue a pardon, he felt that he
252:
issued an opinion which cleared the way for the governor to pardon Cole. On March 2, 2010, Governor Perry granted
Timothy Cole the state's first posthumous pardon. On May 19, 2015, Governor Greg Abbott signed the Tim Cole Exoneration Review Commission into law. The Tim Cole Commission will review
205:
later showed him to be innocent. Johnson confirmed in court that he was the rapist and asked the victim and Cole's family to forgive him. "It's been on my heart to express my sincerest sorrow and regret and ask to be forgiven," said
Johnson, who is serving life in prison for two other 1985 rapes.
234:
to be signed into law. Another bill, named after Cole, was passed by the legislature and sent to the governor on May 11, 2009. It made those who are falsely convicted of a crime eligible for $ 160,000 for each year of incarceration—half paid as a lump sum, and half paid out over the claimant's
269:
On
February 3, 2012, on the third anniversary of Cole's exoneration, the State of Texas unveiled a historical marker at his grave. In June 2012, the Lubbock City Council voted to honor Cole with a memorial. The statue, created by Lubbock-based sculptor Eddie Dixon, is the first of its kind to
196:
Another man, Jerry Wayne
Johnson, confessed to the rape multiple times, starting in 1995. Further, Mallin later admitted that she was mistaken as to the identity of her attacker. Mallin told police that the rapist smoked during the rape. However, Cole never smoked because of his severe
214:, reversed the conviction and ordered Cole's record expunged. It was the first posthumous DNA exoneration in the history of the United States and the state of Texas. Cole's exoneration led to numerous changes in Texas law.
270:
recognize a wrongfully convicted person. The $ 250,000, 19-foot (5.8 m) bronze and granite statue, paid for by local attorney Kevin
Glasheen, is located at 2500 19 Street, and was unveiled in September 2014.
734:
803:
680:
210:
has expired. On
February 6, 2009, a Texas district court judge announced "to a 100 percent moral, factual and legal certainty" that Timothy Cole did not commit the rape. The judge,
706:
870:
860:
850:
885:
291:
558:
845:
880:
738:
408:
865:
835:
875:
172:
Cole attended two years of college followed by two years of service in the U.S. Army. After his Army service, he returned to college at Texas Tech in
91:
684:
855:
658:
227:
286:
40:
274:
840:
277:
Board of Regents approved for Cole an honorary degree in law and social justice. A ceremony was held on May 15, 2015.
418:
190:
610:
413:
20:
563:
378:
207:
764:
354:
185:
162:
466:
253:
past exonerations and make recommendations to the Texas Legislature regarding criminal justice reform.
760:
830:
825:
317:
440:
350:
711:
611:"Hidden evidence DNA is changing the way America fights crime, not its policies towards convicts"
493:
585:
498:
116:
636:
808:
79:
230:
bill passed through committee and then the full house. After that, it went to Governor
173:
60:
819:
470:
211:
202:
248:
was not legally able to do so. However, on January 7, 2010, Texas Attorney General
223:
632:
235:
lifetime as an annuity—and provide them with free college tuition. Texas law firm
249:
240:
231:
176:. Cole died after serving 14 years in prison, but was posthumously pardoned.
131:
161:(July 1, 1960 – December 2, 1999) was an American military veteran and a
198:
261:
244:
the passing of the Protecting Americans from Tax Hikes Act of 2015.
39:
523:
260:
206:
However, Johnson cannot be charged in the Mallin case because the
444:
166:
137:
659:"Sculptor Pays Homage To Prisoner Wrongfully Convicted Of Rape"
382:
321:
707:"Community gathers to honor celebrate former students legacy"
737:. EverythingLubbock.com. March 9, 2015. Archived from
379:"Texan who died in prison cleared of rape conviction"
236:
806:(Texas' Tim Cole Act to Help Wrongfully Convicted) (
761:"Texas Tech Grants Honorary Degree to Timothy Cole"
559:"Under the Dome: Briefs from the Texas Legislature"
144:
129:
107:
97:
87:
68:
49:
30:
735:"Texas Tech Honorary Degree Approved for Tim Cole"
633:"Texas AG says Perry can pardon dead DNA exoneree"
351:"Family Of Man Cleared By DNA Still Seeks Justice"
292:List of wrongful convictions in the United States
524:"Timothy Cole – Glasheen, Valles & Inderman"
441:"Judge Clears Dead Texas Man Of Rape Conviction"
184:On March 24, 1985, Michele Mallin, a student at
804:Texas: The Kinder, Gentler Hang 'Em High State
318:"Family seeks to clear man who died in prison"
8:
871:Recipients of American gubernatorial pardons
518:
516:
148:25 years in prison (posthumously overturned)
861:Overturned convictions in the United States
851:People who have received posthumous pardons
683:. Fox 34 News. June 7, 2012. Archived from
467:"Perry meets with family of exonerated man"
409:"Judge clears name of late convict in rape"
886:American people who died in prison custody
791:A PLEA FOR JUSTICE: The Timothy Cole Story
226:passed legislation to exonerate Cole. The
38:
27:
273:During the first week of March 2015, the
92:Mount Olivet Cemetery (Fort Worth, Texas)
16:American victim of miscarriage of justice
303:
373:
371:
846:Prisoners who died in Texas detention
402:
400:
344:
342:
340:
338:
311:
309:
307:
19:For other people named Tim Cole, see
7:
881:20th-century African-American people
681:"Council approves Tim Cole memorial"
547:TX CIV PRAC & REM § 103.052
407:Kreytak, Steven (February 7, 2009).
866:People wrongfully convicted of rape
836:Respiratory disease deaths in Texas
494:"Perry meets DNA exoneree's family"
349:Goodwin, Wade (February 5, 2009).
316:Lavandera, Ed (February 5, 2009).
14:
876:American people convicted of rape
265:Historical marker at Cole's grave
113:Died in prison (December 2, 1999)
165:student wrongfully convicted of
661:. CBS 11 DFW. December 29, 2013
557:Hoppe, Christy (May 12, 2009).
528:Glasheen, Valles & Inderman
492:Carlton, Jeff (April 8, 2009).
257:Memorials and posthumous degree
239:also worked with Texas Senator
237:Glasheen, Valles & Inderman
228:Texas House of Representatives
1:
586:"Wrongful Incarceration FAQs"
856:Texas Tech University alumni
275:Texas Tech University System
287:Innocent prisoner's dilemma
902:
793:. Waco: Eakin Press, 2010.
613:. Economist. July 30, 2009
191:Innocence Project of Texas
169:a fellow student in 1985.
18:
414:Austin American Statesman
152:
140:(posthumously overturned)
125:
37:
21:Tim Cole (disambiguation)
564:The Dallas Morning News
266:
208:statute of limitations
765:Texas Tech University
264:
186:Texas Tech University
163:Texas Tech University
117:Conviction overturned
44:Cole's yearbook photo
715:. September 18, 2014
687:on January 29, 2013
180:Crime and aftermath
841:Deaths from asthma
789:McKinley, Fred B.
712:The Daily Toreador
447:. February 7, 2009
385:. February 6, 2009
267:
159:Timothy Brian Cole
103:University student
54:Timothy Brian Cole
741:on March 12, 2015
639:. January 7, 2010
499:Houston Chronicle
421:on March 27, 2009
156:
155:
893:
777:
776:
774:
772:
757:
751:
750:
748:
746:
731:
725:
724:
722:
720:
703:
697:
696:
694:
692:
677:
671:
670:
668:
666:
655:
649:
648:
646:
644:
637:Associated Press
629:
623:
622:
620:
618:
607:
601:
600:
598:
596:
582:
576:
575:
573:
571:
554:
548:
545:
539:
538:
536:
534:
520:
511:
510:
508:
506:
489:
483:
482:
480:
478:
463:
457:
456:
454:
452:
437:
431:
430:
428:
426:
417:. Archived from
404:
395:
394:
392:
390:
375:
366:
365:
363:
361:
346:
333:
332:
330:
328:
313:
145:Criminal penalty
134:
101:Military veteran
75:
72:December 2, 1999
42:
28:
901:
900:
896:
895:
894:
892:
891:
890:
816:
815:
800:
786:
784:Further reading
781:
780:
770:
768:
759:
758:
754:
744:
742:
733:
732:
728:
718:
716:
705:
704:
700:
690:
688:
679:
678:
674:
664:
662:
657:
656:
652:
642:
640:
631:
630:
626:
616:
614:
609:
608:
604:
594:
592:
584:
583:
579:
569:
567:
556:
555:
551:
546:
542:
532:
530:
522:
521:
514:
504:
502:
491:
490:
486:
476:
474:
473:. April 9, 2009
465:
464:
460:
450:
448:
439:
438:
434:
424:
422:
406:
405:
398:
388:
386:
377:
376:
369:
359:
357:
348:
347:
336:
326:
324:
315:
314:
305:
300:
283:
259:
220:
182:
130:
108:Criminal status
102:
83:
80:Brazoria, Texas
77:
73:
64:
58:
56:
55:
45:
33:
24:
17:
12:
11:
5:
899:
897:
889:
888:
883:
878:
873:
868:
863:
858:
853:
848:
843:
838:
833:
828:
818:
817:
814:
813:
799:
798:External links
796:
795:
794:
785:
782:
779:
778:
767:. May 15, 2015
752:
726:
698:
672:
650:
624:
602:
577:
549:
540:
512:
484:
458:
432:
396:
367:
334:
302:
301:
299:
296:
295:
294:
289:
282:
279:
258:
255:
219:
216:
181:
178:
154:
153:
150:
149:
146:
142:
141:
135:
127:
126:
123:
122:
121:
120:
119:(May 11, 2009)
114:
109:
105:
104:
99:
95:
94:
89:
85:
84:
78:
76:(aged 39)
70:
66:
65:
61:Brenham, Texas
59:
53:
51:
47:
46:
43:
35:
34:
31:
15:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
898:
887:
884:
882:
879:
877:
874:
872:
869:
867:
864:
862:
859:
857:
854:
852:
849:
847:
844:
842:
839:
837:
834:
832:
829:
827:
824:
823:
821:
811:
810:
805:
802:
801:
797:
792:
788:
787:
783:
766:
762:
756:
753:
740:
736:
730:
727:
714:
713:
708:
702:
699:
686:
682:
676:
673:
660:
654:
651:
638:
634:
628:
625:
612:
606:
603:
591:
587:
581:
578:
566:
565:
560:
553:
550:
544:
541:
529:
525:
519:
517:
513:
501:
500:
495:
488:
485:
472:
471:News 8 Austin
468:
462:
459:
446:
442:
436:
433:
420:
416:
415:
410:
403:
401:
397:
384:
380:
374:
372:
368:
356:
352:
345:
343:
341:
339:
335:
323:
319:
312:
310:
308:
304:
297:
293:
290:
288:
285:
284:
280:
278:
276:
271:
263:
256:
254:
251:
245:
242:
238:
233:
229:
225:
217:
215:
213:
212:Charlie Baird
209:
204:
200:
194:
192:
187:
179:
177:
175:
170:
168:
164:
160:
151:
147:
143:
139:
136:
133:
132:Conviction(s)
128:
124:
118:
115:
112:
111:
110:
106:
100:
98:Occupation(s)
96:
93:
90:
88:Resting place
86:
81:
71:
67:
62:
52:
48:
41:
36:
29:
26:
22:
807:
790:
769:. Retrieved
755:
743:. Retrieved
739:the original
729:
719:February 13,
717:. Retrieved
710:
701:
689:. Retrieved
685:the original
675:
663:. Retrieved
653:
641:. Retrieved
627:
615:. Retrieved
605:
593:. Retrieved
589:
580:
568:. Retrieved
562:
552:
543:
531:. Retrieved
527:
503:. Retrieved
497:
487:
475:. Retrieved
461:
449:. Retrieved
435:
423:. Retrieved
419:the original
412:
387:. Retrieved
358:. Retrieved
325:. Retrieved
272:
268:
246:
224:Texas Senate
221:
203:DNA evidence
195:
183:
171:
158:
157:
74:(1999-12-02)
57:July 1, 1960
25:
831:1999 deaths
826:1960 births
595:November 4,
590:www.irs.gov
533:November 4,
451:February 7,
425:February 7,
389:February 6,
360:February 5,
327:February 5,
250:Greg Abbott
241:John Cornyn
218:Legislation
820:Categories
643:January 7,
617:August 20,
298:References
232:Rick Perry
665:March 28,
32:Tim Cole
745:March 9,
505:April 9,
477:April 9,
281:See also
771:May 19,
691:June 8,
570:May 12,
174:Lubbock
199:asthma
167:raping
82:, U.S.
63:, U.S.
809:TIME
773:2015
747:2015
721:2015
693:2012
667:2020
645:2010
619:2009
597:2016
572:2009
535:2016
507:2009
479:2009
453:2009
445:KOVR
427:2009
391:2009
362:2009
329:2009
222:The
138:Rape
69:Died
50:Born
383:CNN
355:NPR
322:CNN
822::
763:.
709:.
635:.
588:.
561:.
526:.
515:^
496:.
469:.
443:.
411:.
399:^
381:.
370:^
353:.
337:^
320:.
306:^
201:.
193:.
812:)
775:.
749:.
723:.
695:.
669:.
647:.
621:.
599:.
574:.
537:.
509:.
481:.
455:.
429:.
393:.
364:.
331:.
23:.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
