Time travel - Knowledge (XXG)

925:(MWI) of quantum mechanics provides a resolution to the grandfather paradox that involves the time traveler arriving in a different universe than the one they came from; it's been argued that since the traveler arrives in a different universe's history and not their own history, this is not "genuine" time travel. The accepted many-worlds interpretation suggests that all possible quantum events can occur in mutually exclusive histories. However, some variations allow different universes to interact. This concept is most often used in science-fiction, but some physicists such as 1082: 47: 463: 930:

within their own world rather than traveling to a different one. The physicist Allen Everett argued that Deutsch's approach "involves modifying fundamental principles of quantum mechanics; it certainly goes beyond simply adopting the MWI". Everett also argues that even if Deutsch's approach is correct, it would imply that any macroscopic object composed of multiple particles would be split apart when traveling back in time through a wormhole, with different particles emerging in different worlds.

836:). Solutions such as Tipler's assume cylinders of infinite length, which are easier to analyze mathematically, and although Tipler suggested that a finite cylinder might produce closed timelike curves if the rotation rate were fast enough, he did not prove this. But Hawking points out that because of his theorem, "it can't be done with positive energy density everywhere! I can prove that to build a finite time machine, you need negative energy." This result comes from Hawking's 1992 paper on the 1214:. A person at its center will travel forward in time at a rate four times slower than that of distant observers. Squeezing the mass of a large planet into such a small structure is not expected to be within humanity's technological capabilities in the near future. With current technologies, it is only possible to cause a human traveler to age less than companions on Earth by a few milliseconds after a few hundred days of space travel. 1303:. The paradox is commonly described with a person who travels to the past and kills their own grandfather, prevents the existence of their father or mother, and therefore their own existence. Philosophers question whether these paradoxes prove time travel impossible. Some philosophers answer these paradoxes by arguing that it might be the case that backward time travel could be possible but that it would be impossible to actually 6319: 759:

effectively going back in time as seen by an observer from the outside. One significant limitation of such a time machine is that it is only possible to go as far back in time as the initial creation of the machine; in essence, it is more of a path through time than it is a device that itself moves through time, and it would not allow the technology itself to be moved backward in time.

483:(1843) has early depictions of mystical time travel in both directions, as the protagonist, Ebenezer Scrooge, is transported to Christmases past and future. Other stories employ the same template, where a character naturally goes to sleep, and upon waking up finds him or her self in a different time. A clearer example of backward time travel is found in the popular 1861 book 6329: 964:. Depending on how the idler photon is measured, the experimenter can either learn which of the two locations the signal photon emerged from or "erase" that information. Even though the signal photons can be measured before the choice has been made about the idler photons, the choice seems to retroactively determine whether or not an 1284:

even if past and future objects do not exist, there can still be definite truths about past and future events, and thus it is possible that a future truth about a time traveler deciding to travel back to the present date could explain the time traveler's actual appearance in the present; these views are contested by some authors.

1115:, identifying itself as the Krononauts, hosted an event of this type welcoming visitors from the future. These experiments only stood the possibility of generating a positive result demonstrating the existence of time travel, but have failed so far—no time travelers are known to have attended either event. Some versions of the 774:, such as the null energy condition along with the weak, strong, and dominant energy conditions. However, it is known that quantum effects can lead to small measurable violations of the null energy condition, and many physicists believe that the required negative energy may actually be possible due to the 742:, and then brought back to the point of origin. Alternatively, another way is to take one entrance of the wormhole and move it to within the gravitational field of an object that has higher gravity than the other entrance, and then return it to a position near the other entrance. For both these methods, 159: 1283:

is a school of philosophy that holds that the future and the past exist only as changes that occurred or will occur to the present, and they have no real existence of their own. In this view, time travel is impossible because there is no future or past to travel to. Keller and Nelson have argued that

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Transversal time dilation. The blue dots represent a pulse of light. Each pair of dots with light "bouncing" between them is a clock. For each group of clocks, the other group appears to be ticking more slowly, because the moving clock's light pulse has to travel a larger distance than the stationary

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tree and asked him about it. The man explained that the tree would take 70 years to bear fruit, and that he was planting it not for himself but for the generations to follow him. Later that day, Honi sat down to rest but fell asleep for 70 years; when he awoke, he saw a man picking fruit from a fully

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A common objection to the idea of traveling back in time is put forth in the grandfather paradox or the argument of auto-infanticide. If one were able to go back in time, inconsistencies and contradictions would ensue if the time traveler were to change anything; there is a contradiction if the past

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is observed when one correlates measurements of idler photons to the corresponding signal photons. However, since interference can be observed only after the idler photons are measured and they are correlated with the signal photons, there is no way for experimenters to tell what choice will be made

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in 1974. If a cylinder is infinitely long and spins fast enough about its long axis, then a spaceship flying around the cylinder on a spiral path could travel back in time (or forward, depending on the direction of its spiral). However, the density and speed required is so great that ordinary matter

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clocks at either end of the wormhole will always remain synchronized as seen by an observer passing through the wormhole, no matter how the two ends move around. This means that an observer entering the "younger" end would exit the "older" end at a time when it was the same age as the "younger" end,

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A more fundamental objection to time travel schemes based on rotating cylinders or cosmic strings has been put forward by Stephen Hawking, who proved a theorem showing that according to general relativity it is impossible to build a time machine of a special type (a "time machine with the compactly

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argued that the two mouths of a wormhole with such an induced clock difference could not be brought together without inducing quantum field and gravitational effects that would either make the wormhole collapse or the two mouths repel each other. Because of this, the two mouths could not be brought

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that "the first time-traveler in English literature is a guardian angel". Madden does not explain how the angel obtains these documents, but Alkon asserts that Madden "deserves recognition as the first to toy with the rich idea of time-travel in the form of an artifact sent backward from the future

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are not impossible, just improbable. Additionally, entropy statistically increases in systems which are isolated, so non-isolated systems, such as an object, that interact with the outside world, can become less worn and decrease in entropy, and it's possible for an object whose world-line forms a

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was so great that God took his soul and brought him back to life after Jerusalem was reconstructed. He rode on his revived donkey and entered his native place. But the people did not recognize him, nor did his household, except the maid, who was now an old blind woman. He prayed to God to cure her

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disagrees with some qualifications, but notes that "the consensus among philosophers seems to be that special and general relativity are incompatible with presentism". Some philosophers view time as a dimension equal to spatial dimensions, that future events are "already there" in the same sense

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The experiment of Lijun Wang might also show causality violation since it made it possible to send packages of waves through a bulb of caesium gas in such a way that the package appeared to exit the bulb 62 nanoseconds before its entry, but a wave package is not a single well-defined object but

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have suggested that a time traveler should end up in a different history than the one he started from. On the other hand, Stephen Hawking has argued that even if the MWI is correct, we should expect each time traveler to experience a single self-consistent history, so that time travelers remain

1011:, Canada, uses the analogy of a train traveling from Chicago to New York, but dropping off train cars at each station along the way, so that the center of the train moves forward at each stop; in this way, the speed of the center of the train exceeds the speed of any of the individual cars. 977:), and the package can appear to move faster than light or even backward in time even if none of the pure waves in the sum do so. This effect cannot be used to send any matter, energy, or information faster than light, so this experiment is understood not to violate causality either. 1190:

as they travel into space, turn around, and travel back to Earth; the traveling twin ages less than the twin who stayed on Earth, because of the time dilation experienced during their acceleration. General relativity treats the effects of acceleration and the effects of gravity as

795:" (named after Tom Roman) configuration of an N number of wormholes arranged in a symmetric polygon could still act as a time machine, although he concludes that this is more likely a flaw in classical quantum gravity theory rather than proof that causality violation is possible. 1163:; that is, it is always the same. Time dilation is a direct consequence of the invariance of the speed of light. Time dilation may be regarded in a limited sense as "time travel into the future": a person may use time dilation so that a small amount of 1360:, states that any actions taken by a time traveler or by an object that travels back in time were part of history all along, and therefore it is impossible for the time traveler to "change" history in any way. The time traveler's actions may be the 612:," which postulates travelling to the past and intervening in the conception of one's ancestors (causing the death of an ancestor before conception being frequently cited). Some physicists, such as Novikov and Deutsch, suggested that these sorts of 1138: 3419: 1069:

once suggested the possibility that time travelers could be here but are disguising their existence or are not recognized as time travelers. Some versions of general relativity suggest that time travel might only be possible in a region of

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that form closed loops in spacetime, allowing objects to return to their own past. There are known to be solutions to the equations of general relativity that describe spacetimes which contain closed timelike curves, such as

1376:". The Novikov self-consistency principle proposes that the local laws of physics in a region of spacetime containing time travelers cannot be any different from the local laws of physics in any other region of spacetime. 406:(1733) is a series of letters from British ambassadors in 1997 and 1998 to diplomats in the past, conveying the political and religious conditions of the future. Because the narrator receives these letters from his 778:

in quantum physics. Although early calculations suggested that a very large amount of negative energy would be required, later calculations showed that the amount of negative energy can be made arbitrarily small.

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magazine: "For the time being, this is the only violation of special relativity that I know of." However, other physicists say that this phenomenon does not allow information to be transmitted faster than light.

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in 1881. However, the mechanism borders on fantasy. An unusual clock, when wound, runs backwards and transports people nearby back in time. The author does not explain the origin or properties of the clock.

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There is a great deal of observable evidence for time dilation in special relativity and gravitational time dilation in general relativity, for example in the famous and easy-to-replicate observation of

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they do not exist, so the absence of time travelers fails to prove time travel is physically impossible; it might be that time travel is physically possible but is never developed or is cautiously used.

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atoms that had been cooled with a laser (thus slowing the light) and passing one through a vacuum. Both times, apparently, the precursors preceded the photons' main bodies, and the precursor traveled at

219:) who visits an undersea palace. After three days, he returns home to his village and finds himself 300 years in the future, where he has been forgotten, his house is in ruins, and his family has died. 1095:

Several experiments have been carried out to try to entice future humans, who might invent time travel technology, to come back and demonstrate it to people of the present time. Events such as Perth's

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The philosopher Kelley L. Ross argues in "Time Travel Paradoxes" that in a scenario involving a physical object whose world-line or history forms a closed loop in time there can be a violation of the

3411: 275:. The version recalls a group of young monotheists escaping from persecution within a cave and emerging hundreds of years later. This narrative describes divine protection and time suspension. 1393:

of the watch will increase, and the watch carried back in time will be more worn with each repetition of its history. The second law of thermodynamics is understood by modern physicists to be a

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that intersect themselves; some point in the causal future of the world line is also in its causal past, a situation that can be described as time travel. Such a solution was first proposed by

123:. However, making one body advance or delay more than a few milliseconds compared to another body is not feasible with current technology. As for backward time travel, it is possible to find 1389:

as an example of such an ontological paradox, where a watch is given to a person, and 60 years later the same watch is brought back in time and given to the same character. Ross states that

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in the theory of relativity show that all reference frames agree that the transmission-event happened before the reception-event. When the signal travels faster than light, it is received

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Many have argued that the absence of time travelers from the future demonstrates that such technology will never be developed, suggesting that it is impossible. This is analogous to the

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and explains to him the developments of the coming centuries. However, the story never makes it clear whether these events are real or a dream. Another early work about time travel is

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causes the end of the wormhole that has been moved to have aged less, or become "younger", than the stationary end as seen by an external observer; however, time connects differently

495:, published posthumously. In this story, the protagonist is transported to the prehistoric past by the magic of a "lame demon" (a French pun on Boitard's name), where he encounters a 604:

Many in the scientific community believe that backward time travel is highly unlikely to be possible. Any theory that would allow time travel would introduce potential problems of

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Ibn Kathir, Stories of the Prophets, translated by Shaikh muhammed Mustafa Gemeiah, Office of the Grand Imam, Sheikh al-Azhar, El-Nour Publishing, Egypt, 1997, Ch.21, pp.322-4

396:) to find an emperor who has been exiled in time. However, the time travel is taking place inside an illusory dream world created by the villain to distract and entrap him. 2187:. Michigan classics in Chinese studies. Translated by Lin, Shuen-fu; Schulz, Larry James (2nd ed.). Ann Arbor: Center for Chinese Studies, The University of Michigan. 324:

Early science fiction stories feature characters who sleep for years and awaken in a changed society, or are transported to the past through supernatural means. Among them

905:. In any specific instance where FTL has been claimed, more detailed analysis has proven that to get a signal, some form of classical communication must also be used. The 886:

might appear to create a mechanism that allows for faster-than-light (FTL) communication or time travel, and in fact some interpretations of quantum mechanics such as the

503:'s "Hands Off" (1881) tells the story of an unnamed being, possibly the soul of a person who has recently died, who interferes with ancient Egyptian history by preventing 231:, a miracle-working sage of the 1st century BC, who was a historical character but to whom various myths were attached. While traveling one day, Honi saw a man planting a 4014: 890:

presume that some information is being exchanged between particles instantaneously in order to maintain correlations between particles. This effect was referred to as "

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would hypothetically work in the following way: One end of the wormhole is accelerated to some significant fraction of the speed of light, perhaps with some advanced

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Coan, Thomas; Liu, Tiankuan; Ye, Jingbo (2006). "A Compact Apparatus for Muon Lifetime Measurement and Time Dilation Demonstration in the Undergraduate Laboratory".

4154: 988:, claim to have violated Einstein's theory of relativity by transmitting photons faster than the speed of light. They say they have conducted an experiment in which 4440: 960:

that are divided into "signal photons" and "idler photons", with the signal photons emerging from one of two locations and their position later measured as in the

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When a signal is sent from one location and received at another location, then as long as the signal is moving at the speed of light or slower, the mathematics of

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Kowalczyński, Jerzy (January 1984). "Critical comments on the discussion about tachyonic causal paradoxes and on the concept of superluminal reference frame".

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For two identical clocks moving relative to each other without accelerating, each clock measures the other to be ticking slower. This is possible due to the

3643: 668:, suggesting that the fundamental laws of nature prevent time travel, but physicists cannot come to a definitive judgment on the issue without a theory of 287: 4294: 3441: 546:

has commented that the story "does seem to be the first literary description of a time machine noted so far", adding that "Edward Page Mitchell's story

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it is sent, in all reference frames. The signal could be said to have moved backward in time. This hypothetical scenario is sometimes referred to as a

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is often used to refer to all physical events in history, so that where events are changed, the time traveler is described as creating a new timeline.

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that is warped a certain way, and hence time travelers would not be able to travel back to earlier regions in spacetime, before this region existed.

5928: 5764: 1272:, the idea that the past and future exist in a real sense, not only as changes that occurred or will occur to the present. Philosopher of science 373: 2852: 1252:

maintained that time is only a relation between events and it cannot be expressed independently. The latter approach eventually gave rise to the

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photons traveled "instantaneously" between a pair of prisms that had been moved up to 3 ft (0.91 m) apart, using a phenomenon known as

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According to current theories on the nature of wormholes, construction of a traversable wormhole would require the existence of a substance with

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in advance just by looking at the signal photons, only by gathering classical information from the entire system; thus causality is preserved.

4574: 4103: 3835: 1199:, with a clock deeper in the well ticking more slowly; this effect is taken into account when calibrating the clocks on the satellites of the 247:", which recounts a group of early Christians who hid in a cave circa 250 AD, to escape the persecution of Christians during the reign of the 5393: 5110: 4976: 4758: 4730: 4524: 3775: 3566: 3348: 3028: 2980: 2782: 2637: 2610: 2501: 2412: 2365: 2252: 2224: 2140: 2113: 2088: 1912: 1768: 1601: 1148: 1100: 124: 107:

It is uncertain whether time travel to the past would be physically possible. Such travel, if at all feasible, may give rise to questions of

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happen, for example in the context of time travel, must be weighed against the context of everything relating to the situation. If the past

5176: 1466: 1432: 3895: 1522: 1203:, and it could lead to significant differences in rates of aging for observers at different distances from a large gravity well such as a 824:

is attempting to recreate the conditions of a rotating black hole with ring lasers, in order to bend spacetime and allow for time travel.

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and the media can be grouped into three categories: immutable timeline; mutable timeline; and alternate histories, as in the interacting-

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blindness and she could see again. He meets his son who recognized him by a mole between his shoulders and was older than he was. (see

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Yahya, Farouk (December 5, 2022). "Talismans with the Names of the Seven Sleepers of Ephesus/Aṣḥāb al-Kahf in Muslim Southeast Asia".

1839: 1804: 1368:, sometimes called a predestination paradox, ontological paradox, or bootstrap paradox. The term bootstrap paradox was popularized by 1353: 1308: 617: 236:

mature carob tree. Asked whether he had planted it, the man replied that he had not, but that his grandfather had planted it for him.

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Spending just over two years in Mir's Earth orbit, going 17,500 miles per hour, put Sergei Avdeyev 1/50th of a second into the future

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does suggest a scientific basis for the possibility of backward time travel in certain unusual scenarios, although arguments from

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heavily publicized permanent "advertisements" of a meeting time and place for future time travelers to meet. In 1982, a group in

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can be used to suggest that future humans have traveled back in time, but have traveled back to the meeting time and place in a

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related to the absence of evidence of extraterrestrial life. As the absence of extraterrestrial visitors does not categorically

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A time machine that utilizes this principle might be, for instance, a spherical shell with a diameter of five meters and the

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also gives a general proof that quantum entanglement cannot be used to transmit information faster than classical signals.

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Time travel to the past is theoretically possible in certain general relativity spacetime geometries that permit traveling

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Friedman, John; Michael Morris; Igor Novikov; Fernando Echeverria; Gunnar Klinkhammer; Kip Thorne; Ulvi Yurtsever (1990).

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Everett, Allen (2004). "Time travel paradoxes, path integrals, and the many worlds interpretation of quantum mechanics".

5840: 5259: 4419: 4127:"Study of the effect of relativistic time dilation on cosmic ray muon flux – An undergraduate modern physics experiment" 3527: 1380: 1229: 1223: 1142:

clock's light pulse. That is so, even though the clocks are identical and their relative motion is perfectly reciprocal.

1081: 520: 38: 2561: 1787: 46: 6131: 4891: 3927: 2326: 689: 203:, who explains to the skeptic Payasi that time in the Heavens passes differently than on Earth. The Japanese tale of " 2441: 716:. Whether general relativity forbids closed time-like curves for all realistic conditions is still being researched. 6043: 5009: 3276: 584:

might allow time travel into the past and future if these geometries or motions were possible. In technical papers,

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effects are incorporated into general relativity, these loopholes may be closed. These semiclassical arguments led

621: 335: 314: 6194: 5923: 5473: 5386: 5103: 4920: 2958: 1700: 1249: 1200: 3690: 3081:; Sayan Kar; Naresh Dadhich (2003). "Traversable wormholes with arbitrarily small energy condition violations". 462: 5893: 5148: 4286: 3448: 3264: 1483: 1385: 1357: 1104: 906: 808: 731: 685: 384:) by Dong Yue features magical mirrors and jade gateways that connect various points in time. The protagonist 6149: 5800: 3083: 1245: 1167:

passes for them, while a large amount of proper time passes elsewhere. This can be achieved by traveling at

868: 535: 467: 259:, to discover that the city and the whole Empire had become Christian. This Christian story is recounted by 1894: 5503: 5229: 5163: 4661: 3792: 1981: 1896:

Chapter 8 Talismans with the Names of the Seven Sleepers of Ephesus/Aṣḥāb al-Kahf in Muslim Southeast Asia

1565: 1461: 961: 693: 550:(1881) is usually described as the first time-machine story, but I'm not sure that a clock quite counts". 397: 304: 87: 1078:

stated that this would explain why the world has not already been overrun by "tourists from the future".

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Smeenk, Chris; Wüthrich, Christian (2011), "Time Travel and Time Machines", in Callender, Craig (ed.),

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in a vacuum. According to Du, this implies that there is no possibility of light traveling faster than

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Nevertheless, the fact that causality is preserved in quantum mechanics is a rigorous result in modern

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different places exist, and that there is no objective flow of time; however, this view is disputed.

1257: 1096: 954: 898: 883: 524: 4068: 4037: 3732: 770:". More technically, the wormhole spacetime requires a distribution of energy that violates various 200: 6089: 5548: 5508: 4099: 3825: 3797: 1539: 1398: 1293: 1018: 887: 788: 709: 609: 605: 500: 440: 167: 132: 4566: 3558: 2240: 692:, or distance function, of spacetime. There exist exact solutions to these equations that include 432: 6038: 6016: 5883: 5707: 5678: 5613: 5606: 5306: 4982: 4946: 4808: 4782: 4678: 4605: 4488: 4211: 4185: 3991: 3965: 3922: 3714: 3682: 3504: 3392: 3333:

Bangs, Crunches, Whimpers, and Shrieks: Singularities and Acausalities in Relativistic Spacetimes

3310: 3246: 3220: 3190: 3156: 3147:(1993). "From wormhole to time machine: Comments on Hawking's Chronology Protection Conjecture". 3126: 3092: 2817: 2713: 2687: 2059: 1929: 1369: 1187: 1168: 1160: 739: 681: 649: 573: 569: 529: 360: 120: 116: 3885: 6119: 5998: 5898: 5751: 5654: 5558: 5234: 5171: 4972: 4883: 4834: 4754: 4726: 4545: 4520: 4430: 4384: 4378: 4268: 4245: 3771: 3767: 3674: 3562: 3344: 3182: 3118: 3024: 2976: 2970: 2883: 2778: 2633: 2606: 2497: 2408: 2361: 2220: 2188: 2136: 2130: 2109: 2084: 2051: 1908: 1835: 1764: 1620: 1597: 1410: 1373: 993: 657: 633: 508: 479: 456: 345: 228: 6332: 4830: 2772: 2656: 2491: 2402: 6237: 6225: 6053: 6021: 5853: 5722: 5638: 5628: 5543: 5355: 5320: 5267: 5208: 5200: 4964: 4875: 4800: 4480: 4203: 4146: 3983: 3891: 3666: 3550: 3496: 3384: 3302: 3238: 3174: 3110: 2875: 2705: 2043: 1900: 1640: 1517: 1512: 974: 771: 713: 645: 613: 556: 542:(1887) may have been the first story to feature a vessel engineered to travel through time. 504: 350: 204: 187:

and is surprised to learn when he returns to Earth that many ages have passed. The Buddhist

100: 52: 3269:"The Gravitational Field of a Distribution of Particles Rotating about an Axis of Symmetry" 2007: 6299: 6164: 6141: 6109: 6061: 6048: 6011: 5993: 5623: 5618: 5350: 5055: 3364: 2950: 2848: 2663: 2382: 1941: 1791: 1645:

A classical dictionary of Hindu mythology and religion, geography, history, and literature

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The date of the earliest work about backwards time travel is uncertain. The Chinese novel

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Peter Fitting (2010), "Utopia, dystopia, and science fiction", in Gregory Claeys (ed.),

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Some ancient myths depict a character skipping forward in time. In Hindu mythology, the

90:, time travel is typically achieved through the use of a hypothetical device known as a 6242: 6232: 6031: 5903: 5873: 5858: 5643: 5601: 5596: 5468: 5340: 5325: 5292: 3290: 3044: 2962: 2277: 1955: 1507: 1502: 1437: 1325: 1233: 1156: 1152: 1023: 832:

is satisfied, meaning that the region contains no matter with negative energy density (

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violation to take place. However, in a 1997 paper, Visser hypothesized that a complex "

775: 492: 420: 407: 355: 340: 240: 196: 163: 115:, is an extensively observed phenomenon and is well understood within the framework of 5076: 3583: 3293:(1924). "On a Stationary Cosmology in the Sense of Einstein's Theory of Gravitation". 2563:

science fiction | literature and performance :: Major science fiction themes

255:. They fell into a miraculous sleep and woke some 200 years later during the reign of 6347: 6322: 6272: 6220: 6154: 6126: 6114: 6104: 6094: 5976: 5820: 5746: 5695: 5648: 5563: 5523: 5518: 5513: 5446: 5071: 4986: 4492: 3995: 3857: 3830: 3760: 3639: 3508: 3314: 2966: 2774:

Time Travel in Einstein's Universe: The Physical Possibilities of Travel Through Time

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Uribe, Augusto (June 1999). "The First Time Machine: Enrique Gaspar's Anacronópete".

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describes this: one twin remains on Earth, while the other undergoes acceleration to

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Greenberger, Daniel M.; Svozil, Karl (2005). "Quantum Theory Looks at Time Travel".

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in 1924, but not recognized as allowing closed timelike curves until an analysis by

443:, he is transported back in time over a thousand years. He encounters the Venerable 392:) to retrieve a magical bell and then travels forward to the "World of the Future" ( 6294: 6288: 5954: 5888: 5810: 5741: 5690: 5538: 5478: 5345: 3613: 3250: 3130: 2538: 1570: 1449: 1273: 1241: 1211: 1196: 1183: 1014: 918: 816: 672:

to join quantum mechanics and general relativity into a completely unified theory.

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closed loop to be always in the same condition in the same point of its history.

6282: 6189: 6174: 5969: 5949: 5939: 5868: 5825: 5805: 5734: 5553: 5455: 5335: 5272: 5213: 4415: 3367:(1974). "Rotating Cylinders and the Possibility of Global Causality Violation". 3208: 3144: 3078: 3056: 3016: 2913: 2739: 1760: 1471: 1406: 1365: 1164: 879: 783: 551: 389: 95: 5067: 5035: 4804: 3987: 2709: 1719: 6199: 6099: 6006: 5981: 5784: 5568: 5244: 4634: 3708: 3306: 2954: 2596: 2448: 2047: 1904: 1237: 1204: 1137: 1120: 1066: 1028: 792: 697: 593: 436: 385: 128: 75: 4879: 3670: 3523: 3242: 2055: 803:

Another approach involves a dense spinning cylinder usually referred to as a

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Astounding Wonder: Imagining Science and Science Fiction in Interwar America

1253: 1108: 1071: 989: 939: 585: 577: 448: 108: 4887: 4855: 3678: 3186: 3122: 2887: 2334: 1881: 131:. Traveling to an arbitrary point in spacetime has very limited support in 17: 1720:"Malchronia: Cryonics and Bionics as Primitive Weapons in the War on Time" 519:

One of the first stories to feature time travel by means of a machine is "

5830: 5591: 5583: 5441: 5431: 5360: 5282: 5001: 4951: 3942: 2296:"Lib.ru/Классика: Акутин Юрий. Александр Вельтман и его роман "Странник"" 1534: 1112: 1087: 1036: 735: 725: 641: 209: 140: 5082: 4610: 4234:

Einstein's Space-Time: An Introduction to Special and General Relativity

4190: 499:

and an apelike ancestor and is able to interact with ancient creatures.

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Time machines: time travel in physics, metaphysics, and science fiction

1596:(illustrated ed.). University of Pennsylvania Press. p. 180. 1390: 1172: 272: 244: 180: 79: 4914: 4787: 4683: 4484: 4207: 3970: 3859:

HKUST Professors Prove Single Photons Do Not Exceed the Speed of Light

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gives a model for time travel where the past must be self-consistent.

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Francisco Lobo (2003). "Time, Closed Timelike Curves and Causality".

2106:

Science Fiction and Philosophy: From Time Travel to Superintelligence

1364:

of events in their own past though, which leads to the potential for

1032: 957: 364:(1899) by H. G. Wells. Prolonged sleep, like the later more familiar 252: 239:

In Christian tradition, there is a similar, well-known story of "The

192: 184: 71: 4150: 1031:

as well as passing light through a vacuum. He generated two single

1017:

claims in a peer-reviewed journal to have observed single photons'

560:(1895) popularized the concept of time travel by mechanical means. 415:

to be discovered in the present". In the science fiction anthology

6277: 6026: 5717: 5673: 5665: 4544:(2nd ed.). Cambridge, Massachusetts: MIT Press. p. 116. 3412:"UConn Professor Seeks Funding for Time Machine Feasibility Study" 1336:

a certain way, it's not possible for it to be any other way. What

1136: 1080: 581: 461: 292: 279: 268: 260: 232: 157: 45: 601:, but the physical plausibility of these solutions is uncertain. 507:'s enslavement. This may have been the first story to feature an 5416: 5402: 4829:(1st Scribner hardcover ed.). New York: Scribner. pp. 3956:

Jaume Garriga; Alexander Vilenkin (2001). "Many worlds in one".

2185:

The Tower of Myriad Mirrors: A Supplement to Journey to the West

938:

Certain experiments carried out give the impression of reversed

901:, and therefore modern theories do not allow for time travel or 466:

Mr. and Mrs. Fezziwig dance in a vision shown to Scrooge by the

444: 283: 264: 67: 5375: 5092: 1340:

happen when a time traveler visits the past is limited to what

730:

Wormholes are a hypothetical warped spacetime permitted by the

608:. The classic example of a problem involving causality is the " 453:

The Forebears of Kalimeros: Alexander, son of Philip of Macedon

5088: 2921: 1240:

presented the view that time is an illusion. Centuries later,

734:

of general relativity. A proposed time-travel machine using a

973:

rather a sum of multiple waves of different frequencies (see

1421: 3940:"Welcome the People from the Future. March 9, 1982". Ad in 2531:"HG Wells or Enrique Gaspar: Whose time machine was first?" 4856:"Cauchy problem in spacetimes with closed timelike curves" 4542:

Asymmetries in Time: Problems in the Philosophy of Science

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Physics for Scientists and Engineers with Modern Physics

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Time Travel Explained: Quantum Mechanics to the Rescue?

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Universe, Human Immortality and Future Human Evaluation

368:, is used as a means of time travel in these stories. 1899:. Malay-Indonesian Islamic Studies. pp. 209–265. 1268:

Many philosophers have argued that relativity implies

423:

claims that an early short story about time travel is

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the past in any way, an idea similar to the proposed

388:

travels back in time to the "World of the Ancients" (

278:

Another similar story in the Islamic tradition is of

2945: 2943: 1344:

happen, in order to prevent logical contradictions.

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Steinberg 986:University of Koblenz 876:quantum teleportation 830:weak energy condition 654:semiclassical gravity 465: 303:Further information: 286:) whose grief at the 161: 49: 6216:Chronological dating 6185:Theory of relativity 5529:Daylight saving time 5172:Timelines in fiction 4502:on October 28, 2008. 4100:"GPS and Relativity" 3930:on December 6, 2008. 3416:Connecticut Magazine 3021:Lorentzian Wormholes 1982:"The Seven Sleepers" 1590:Cheng, John (2012). 966:interference pattern 934:Experimental results 884:quantum entanglement 736:traversable wormhole 525:Edward Page Mitchell 154:Mythical time travel 37:For other uses, see 5509:Thai six-hour clock 5209:Grandfather paradox 4961:2005qvqm.book...63G 4872:1990PhRvD..42.1915F 4827:Eating the Dinosaur 4797:2002PhRvD..65f4013K 4693:1996gr.qc.....3042K 4620:2003ntgp.conf..289L 4519:. 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Wiley-Blackwell. 1882:Quran Surah Al-Kahf 1863:on October 18, 2017 1621:Extract of page 180 1540:Suspended animation 1315:Ontological paradox 1294:Grandfather paradox 1169:relativistic speeds 888:Bohm interpretation 688:that determine the 610:grandfather paradox 515:Early time machines 501:Edward Everett Hale 459:published in 1836. 441:Newcastle upon Tyne 439:to take him out of 223:Abrahamic religions 168:Irvington, New York 133:theoretical physics 6039:Rosy retrospection 6017:Mental chronometry 5841:Philosophy of time 5307:general relativity 5230:Alternative future 5223:Parallel timelines 5201:Temporal paradoxes 5177:in science fiction 5044:. October 12, 1999 3923:The New York Times 3501:10.1007/BF02080670 2686:(124023): 124023. 2662:2023-03-24 at the 2657:Extract of page 32 2566:. Britannica.com. 1790:2020-08-09 at the 1626:2023-03-24 at the 1370:Robert A. Heinlein 1366:circular causation 1188:relativistic speed 1161:frame of reference 1144: 1093: 953:involves pairs of 750:the wormhole than 682:general relativity 656:suggest that when 650:general relativity 628:General relativity 614:temporal paradoxes 574:general relativity 472: 427:, written for the 171: 121:general relativity 117:special relativity 113:perception of time 61: 50:The first page of 6341: 6340: 6251: 6250: 6226:Circadian rhythms 6044:Tense–aspect–mood 5899:Temporal finitism 5776: 5775: 5752:Grandfather clock 5369: 5368: 5321:Alcubierre metric 5235:Alternate history 4978:978-3-540-22188-3 4860:Physical Review D 4760:978-0-19-929820-4 4732:978-0-7434-4623-5 4526:978-0-19-921280-4 4485:10.1080/713931204 4208:10.1119/1.2135319 3777:978-0-375-41288-2 3657:(10): 3197–3217. 3651:Physical Review D 3568:978-0-521-63235-5 3369:Physical Review D 3350:978-0-19-509591-3 3213:Physical Review D 3149:Physical Review D 3030:978-1-56396-653-8 2982:978-0-393-02022-9 2860:Physical Review D 2784:978-0-547-52657-7 2745:on March 18, 2016 2680:Physical Review D 2639:978-0-12-415810-8 2612:978-0-393-31276-8 2541:on March 29, 2014 2503:978-0-8195-7239-4 2414:978-0-387-98571-8 2367:978-0-226-73105-6 2226:978-0-8203-0932-3 2142:978-0-19-530567-8 2115:978-1-4051-4907-5 2090:978-0-87910-994-3 1914:978-90-04-52939-7 1770:978-0-8442-5780-8 1705:Indian Philosophy 1603:978-0-8122-0667-8 1555: 1554: 1386:Somewhere in Time 1374:By His Bootstraps 1121:parallel universe 994:quantum tunneling 903:FTL communication 787:close enough for 772:energy conditions 740:propulsion system 664:to formulate the 646:Alcubierre drives 509:alternate history 480:A Christmas Carol 457:Alexander Veltman 346:Washington Irving 137:quantum mechanics 16:(Redirected from 6366: 6331: 6330: 6321: 6320: 6238:Glottochronology 6078: 5994:Human experience 5854:B-theory of time 5452: 5396: 5389: 5382: 5373: 5356:van Stockum dust 5268:Butterfly effect 5113: 5106: 5099: 5090: 5053: 5051: 5049: 5022: 5021: 5019: 5017: 4997: 4991: 4990: 4954: 4952:quant-ph/0506027 4938: 4932: 4931: 4930: 4928: 4910: 4904: 4903: 4901: 4899: 4866:(6): 1915–1930. 4851: 4845: 4844: 4822: 4816: 4815: 4790: 4770: 4764: 4763: 4746: 4737: 4736: 4718: 4712: 4711: 4709: 4707: 4701: 4686: 4666: 4657: 4651: 4650: 4648: 4646: 4630: 4624: 4623: 4613: 4593: 4587: 4586: 4584: 4582: 4562: 4556: 4555: 4537: 4531: 4530: 4510: 4504: 4503: 4501: 4495:. Archived from 4470: 4461: 4455: 4454: 4453: 4451: 4445: 4424: 4412: 4406: 4405: 4404: 4402: 4374: 4368: 4367: 4366: 4364: 4358: 4347: 4338: 4329: 4328: 4320: 4314: 4313: 4310: 4304: 4302: 4282: 4276: 4261: 4255: 4254: 4229: 4220: 4219: 4193: 4173: 4167: 4166: 4164: 4162: 4122: 4116: 4115: 4113: 4111: 4095: 4089: 4088: 4086: 4084: 4064: 4058: 4057: 4055: 4053: 4033: 4027: 4026: 4024: 4022: 4006: 4000: 3999: 3973: 3953: 3947: 3938: 3932: 3931: 3926:. Archived from 3913: 3907: 3906: 3905: 3903: 3881: 3875: 3874: 3873: 3871: 3854: 3848: 3847: 3845: 3843: 3821: 3815: 3814: 3812: 3810: 3788: 3782: 3781: 3765: 3755: 3749: 3748: 3746: 3744: 3728: 3719: 3718: 3704: 3698: 3697: 3695: 3689:. Archived from 3648: 3636: 3630: 3629: 3627: 3625: 3609: 3603: 3602: 3601: 3599: 3579: 3573: 3572: 3556: 3546: 3540: 3539: 3537: 3535: 3519: 3513: 3512: 3470: 3464: 3463: 3461: 3459: 3453: 3446: 3437: 3431: 3430: 3429: 3427: 3407: 3401: 3400: 3361: 3355: 3354: 3328: 3319: 3318: 3287: 3281: 3280: 3275:. Archived from 3261: 3255: 3254: 3228: 3219:(8): 5212–5214. 3205: 3199: 3198: 3164: 3141: 3135: 3134: 3100: 3075: 3069: 3068: 3066: 3064: 3059:on June 27, 2006 3055:. Archived from 3041: 3035: 3034: 3013: 3004: 2993: 2987: 2986: 2975:. W. W. Norton. 2951:Hawking, Stephen 2947: 2938: 2937: 2935: 2933: 2910: 2899: 2898: 2896: 2890:. Archived from 2857: 2849:Hawking, Stephen 2845: 2836: 2835: 2825: 2807: 2801: 2800: 2798: 2796: 2768: 2755: 2754: 2752: 2750: 2744: 2738:. Archived from 2737: 2728: 2722: 2721: 2695: 2675: 2666: 2655: 2653: 2651: 2623: 2617: 2616: 2605:. W. W. Norton. 2593: 2580: 2579: 2577: 2575: 2557: 2551: 2550: 2548: 2546: 2537:. Archived from 2526: 2520: 2519: 2517: 2515: 2487: 2481: 2480: 2470: 2464: 2463: 2461: 2459: 2453: 2447:. Archived from 2446: 2437: 2431: 2430: 2428: 2426: 2398: 2389: 2388: 2378: 2372: 2371: 2353: 2347: 2346: 2344: 2342: 2333:. Archived from 2322: 2316: 2315: 2313: 2311: 2292: 2286: 2285: 2274: 2265: 2264: 2262: 2260: 2237: 2231: 2230: 2210: 2199: 2198: 2180: 2174: 2173: 2165: 2159: 2158: 2156: 2154: 2126: 2120: 2119: 2101: 2095: 2094: 2074: 2068: 2067: 2031: 2025: 2022: 2016: 2015: 2003: 1997: 1996: 1994: 1992: 1977: 1971: 1970: 1968: 1966: 1952: 1946: 1945: 1939: 1935: 1933: 1925: 1923: 1921: 1890: 1884: 1879: 1873: 1872: 1870: 1868: 1848: 1842: 1828: 1822: 1821: 1819: 1817: 1800: 1794: 1781: 1775: 1774: 1752: 1746: 1745: 1743: 1741: 1715: 1709: 1708: 1697: 1691: 1690: 1689: 1687: 1670: 1664: 1663: 1662: 1660: 1636: 1630: 1619: 1617: 1615: 1587: 1518:Temporal paradox 1513:Ring singularity 1422: 975:Fourier analysis 714:Hubble expansion 648:. The theory of 557:The Time Machine 489:Paris before Men 383: 380: 351:Looking Backward 218: 217: 101:The Time Machine 53:The Time Machine 21: 6374: 6373: 6369: 6368: 6367: 6365: 6364: 6363: 6344: 6343: 6342: 6337: 6309: 6300:Time immemorial 6247: 6204: 6165:Coordinate time 6136: 6090:Geological time 6066: 6049:Time management 6012:Generation time 5996: 5988: 5933: 5915: 5835: 5794: 5772: 5660: 5578: 5495: 5488: 5444: 5436: 5405: 5400: 5370: 5365: 5351:Tipler cylinder 5310: 5297: 5254: 5218: 5195: 5158: 5122: 5117: 5047: 5045: 5034: 5031: 5026: 5025: 5015: 5013: 4999: 4998: 4994: 4979: 4940: 4939: 4935: 4926: 4924: 4912: 4911: 4907: 4897: 4895: 4853: 4852: 4848: 4841: 4824: 4823: 4819: 4772: 4771: 4767: 4761: 4748: 4747: 4740: 4733: 4720: 4719: 4715: 4705: 4703: 4699: 4664: 4659: 4658: 4654: 4644: 4642: 4632: 4631: 4627: 4611:gr-qc/0206078v2 4595: 4594: 4590: 4580: 4578: 4564: 4563: 4559: 4552: 4539: 4538: 4534: 4527: 4512: 4511: 4507: 4499: 4468: 4463: 4462: 4458: 4449: 4447: 4443: 4437: 4422: 4414: 4413: 4409: 4400: 4398: 4391: 4376: 4375: 4371: 4362: 4360: 4356: 4345: 4340: 4339: 4332: 4322: 4321: 4317: 4308: 4300: 4298: 4291:Popular Science 4284: 4283: 4279: 4262: 4258: 4252: 4231: 4230: 4223: 4191:physics/0502103 4175: 4174: 4170: 4160: 4158: 4151:10.1119/1.16841 4124: 4123: 4119: 4109: 4107: 4097: 4096: 4092: 4082: 4080: 4066: 4065: 4061: 4051: 4049: 4035: 4034: 4030: 4020: 4018: 4008: 4007: 4003: 3955: 3954: 3950: 3939: 3935: 3915: 3914: 3910: 3901: 3899: 3883: 3882: 3878: 3869: 3867: 3856: 3855: 3851: 3841: 3839: 3823: 3822: 3818: 3808: 3806: 3790: 3789: 3785: 3778: 3757: 3756: 3752: 3742: 3740: 3730: 3729: 3722: 3706: 3705: 3701: 3693: 3646: 3638: 3637: 3633: 3623: 3621: 3611: 3610: 3606: 3597: 3595: 3581: 3580: 3576: 3569: 3548: 3547: 3543: 3533: 3531: 3521: 3520: 3516: 3472: 3471: 3467: 3457: 3455: 3451: 3444: 3440:Jarrell, Mark. 3439: 3438: 3434: 3425: 3423: 3409: 3408: 3404: 3365:Tipler, Frank J 3363: 3362: 3358: 3351: 3330: 3329: 3322: 3291:Lanczos, Kornel 3289: 3288: 3284: 3263: 3262: 3258: 3207: 3206: 3202: 3143: 3142: 3138: 3077: 3076: 3072: 3062: 3060: 3045:Cramer, John G. 3043: 3042: 3038: 3031: 3015: 3014: 3007: 3001:Collected works 2999:in Kurt Gödel, 2995:S. W. Hawking, 2994: 2990: 2983: 2963:Ferris, Timothy 2949: 2948: 2941: 2931: 2929: 2912: 2911: 2902: 2894: 2855: 2847: 2846: 2839: 2809: 2808: 2804: 2794: 2792: 2785: 2770: 2769: 2758: 2748: 2746: 2742: 2735: 2730: 2729: 2725: 2677: 2676: 2669: 2664:Wayback Machine 2649: 2647: 2640: 2625: 2624: 2620: 2613: 2595: 2594: 2583: 2573: 2571: 2559: 2558: 2554: 2544: 2542: 2528: 2527: 2523: 2513: 2511: 2504: 2489: 2488: 2484: 2472: 2471: 2467: 2457: 2455: 2451: 2444: 2439: 2438: 2434: 2424: 2422: 2415: 2400: 2399: 2392: 2380: 2379: 2375: 2368: 2355: 2354: 2350: 2340: 2338: 2324: 2323: 2319: 2309: 2307: 2294: 2293: 2289: 2278:Derleth, August 2276: 2275: 2268: 2258: 2256: 2239: 2238: 2234: 2227: 2212: 2211: 2202: 2195: 2182: 2181: 2177: 2167: 2166: 2162: 2152: 2150: 2143: 2132:Brave new words 2129:Prucher, Jeff. 2128: 2127: 2123: 2116: 2103: 2102: 2098: 2091: 2076: 2075: 2071: 2033: 2032: 2028: 2023: 2019: 2005: 2004: 2000: 1990: 1988: 1979: 1978: 1974: 1964: 1962: 1954: 1953: 1949: 1936: 1926: 1919: 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particularly 42: 35: 28: 23: 22: 15: 12: 11: 5: 6372: 6370: 6362: 6361: 6356: 6346: 6345: 6339: 6338: 6336: 6335: 6325: 6314: 6311: 6310: 6308: 6307: 6302: 6297: 6292: 6285: 6280: 6275: 6270: 6265: 6259: 6257: 6253: 6252: 6249: 6248: 6246: 6245: 6243:Time geography 6240: 6235: 6233:Clock reaction 6230: 6229: 6228: 6218: 6212: 6210: 6206: 6205: 6203: 6202: 6197: 6192: 6187: 6182: 6177: 6172: 6167: 6162: 6157: 6152: 6146: 6144: 6138: 6137: 6135: 6134: 6129: 6124: 6123: 6122: 6117: 6112: 6107: 6102: 6097: 6086: 6084: 6075: 6068: 6067: 6065: 6064: 6051: 6046: 6041: 6036: 6035: 6034: 6032:time signature 6029: 6019: 6014: 6009: 6003: 6001: 5990: 5989: 5987: 5986: 5985: 5984: 5974: 5973: 5972: 5962: 5957: 5952: 5947: 5942: 5936: 5934: 5932: 5931: 5926: 5920: 5917: 5916: 5914: 5913: 5906: 5904:Temporal parts 5901: 5896: 5891: 5886: 5881: 5876: 5874:Eternal return 5871: 5866: 5861: 5859:Chronocentrism 5856: 5851: 5845: 5843: 5837: 5836: 5834: 5833: 5828: 5823: 5818: 5813: 5808: 5803: 5797: 5795: 5793: 5792: 5787: 5781: 5778: 5777: 5774: 5773: 5771: 5770: 5769: 5768: 5754: 5749: 5744: 5739: 5738: 5737: 5732: 5731: 5730: 5725: 5715: 5710: 5705: 5700: 5699: 5698: 5688: 5687: 5686: 5670: 5668: 5662: 5661: 5659: 5658: 5651: 5646: 5644:Hindu Panchang 5641: 5636: 5631: 5626: 5621: 5616: 5611: 5610: 5609: 5604: 5599: 5588: 5586: 5580: 5579: 5577: 5576: 5571: 5566: 5561: 5556: 5551: 5546: 5541: 5536: 5531: 5526: 5521: 5516: 5511: 5506: 5500: 5498: 5490: 5489: 5487: 5486: 5481: 5476: 5471: 5466: 5460: 5458: 5449: 5438: 5437: 5435: 5434: 5429: 5424: 5419: 5413: 5411: 5407: 5406: 5401: 5399: 5398: 5391: 5384: 5376: 5367: 5366: 5364: 5363: 5358: 5353: 5348: 5343: 5341:Krasnikov tube 5338: 5333: 5328: 5326:BTZ black hole 5323: 5317: 5315: 5299: 5298: 5296: 5295: 5293:Predestination 5290: 5285: 5280: 5275: 5270: 5264: 5262: 5256: 5255: 5253: 5252: 5247: 5242: 5237: 5232: 5226: 5224: 5220: 5219: 5217: 5216: 5211: 5205: 5203: 5197: 5196: 5194: 5193: 5192: 5191: 5181: 5180: 5179: 5168: 5166: 5160: 5159: 5157: 5156: 5151: 5146: 5141: 5136: 5130: 5128: 5124: 5123: 5118: 5116: 5115: 5108: 5101: 5093: 5087: 5086: 5080: 5074: 5065: 5059: 5030: 5029:External links 5027: 5024: 5023: 4992: 4977: 4933: 4905: 4846: 4839: 4817: 4765: 4759: 4738: 4731: 4713: 4652: 4625: 4588: 4557: 4551:978-0262580885 4550: 4532: 4525: 4505: 4479:(3): 333–345. 4456: 4435: 4407: 4389: 4369: 4330: 4315: 4277: 4256: 4250: 4221: 4184:(2): 161–164. 4168: 4137:(7): 589–592. 4117: 4090: 4059: 4028: 4001: 3948: 3933: 3908: 3876: 3849: 3816: 3783: 3776: 3750: 3720: 3699: 3640:Deutsch, David 3631: 3604: 3574: 3567: 3541: 3514: 3465: 3432: 3402: 3356: 3349: 3320: 3282: 3256: 3200: 3162:hep-th/9202090 3155:(2): 554–565. 3136: 3070: 3036: 3029: 3005: 2988: 2981: 2967:Lightman, Alan 2939: 2900: 2866:(2): 603–611. 2837: 2802: 2783: 2756: 2723: 2667: 2638: 2618: 2611: 2597:Thorne, Kip S. 2581: 2552: 2521: 2502: 2482: 2465: 2432: 2413: 2390: 2373: 2366: 2348: 2317: 2287: 2282:Far Boundaries 2266: 2232: 2225: 2200: 2193: 2175: 2160: 2141: 2121: 2114: 2096: 2089: 2069: 2026: 2017: 1998: 1972: 1960:Madain Project 1947: 1938:|website= 1913: 1885: 1874: 1857:nyfolklore.org 1843: 1840:978-0253203854 1823: 1795: 1776: 1769: 1747: 1710: 1692: 1665: 1631: 1602: 1581: 1580: 1578: 1575: 1574: 1573: 1560: 1557: 1553: 1552: 1548: 1547: 1542: 1537: 1531: 1530: 1526: 1525: 1520: 1515: 1510: 1508:Retrocausality 1505: 1503:Krasnikov tube 1499: 1498: 1493: 1492: 1491: 1486: 1480: 1479: 1475: 1474: 1469: 1464: 1458: 1457: 1453: 1452: 1446: 1445: 1441: 1440: 1438:Parapsychology 1435: 1429: 1428: 1420: 1418: 1415: 1411:quantum theory 1409:proposed that 1356:, named after 1349: 1346: 1326:compossibility 1321: 1320:Compossibility 1318: 1316: 1313: 1292:Main article: 1289: 1286: 1265: 1262: 1234:ancient Greece 1222:Main article: 1219: 1216: 1153:speed of light 1131:Main article: 1128: 1125: 1053: 1050: 935: 932: 914: 911: 856: 853: 848:Main article: 845: 842: 822:Ronald Mallett 813:Kornel Lanczos 800: 797: 776:Casimir effect 724:Main article: 721: 718: 680:The theory of 677: 674: 640:, traversable 638:cosmic strings 629: 626: 565: 562: 516: 513: 493:Pierre Boitard 421:August Derleth 417:Far Boundaries 408:guardian angel 356:Edward Bellamy 341:Rip Van Winkle 300: 297: 241:Seven Sleepers 229:Honi HaMe'agel 224: 221: 164:Rip Van Winkle 155: 152: 150: 147: 98:'s 1895 novel 26: 24: 14: 13: 10: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 6371: 6360: 6357: 6355: 6352: 6351: 6349: 6334: 6326: 6324: 6316: 6315: 6312: 6306: 6303: 6301: 6298: 6296: 6293: 6291: 6290: 6286: 6284: 6281: 6279: 6276: 6274: 6271: 6269: 6266: 6264: 6261: 6260: 6258: 6254: 6244: 6241: 6239: 6236: 6234: 6231: 6227: 6224: 6223: 6222: 6221:Chronobiology 6219: 6217: 6214: 6213: 6211: 6207: 6201: 6198: 6196: 6193: 6191: 6188: 6186: 6183: 6181: 6178: 6176: 6173: 6171: 6168: 6166: 6163: 6161: 6158: 6156: 6155:Arrow of time 6153: 6151: 6148: 6147: 6145: 6143: 6139: 6133: 6130: 6128: 6127:Geochronology 6125: 6121: 6118: 6116: 6113: 6111: 6108: 6106: 6103: 6101: 6098: 6096: 6093: 6092: 6091: 6088: 6087: 6085: 6083: 6079: 6076: 6074: 6069: 6063: 6059: 6055: 6052: 6050: 6047: 6045: 6042: 6040: 6037: 6033: 6030: 6028: 6025: 6024: 6023: 6020: 6018: 6015: 6013: 6010: 6008: 6005: 6004: 6002: 6000: 5995: 5991: 5983: 5980: 5979: 5978: 5977:Wheel of time 5975: 5971: 5968: 5967: 5966: 5963: 5961: 5958: 5956: 5953: 5951: 5948: 5946: 5943: 5941: 5938: 5937: 5935: 5930: 5927: 5925: 5922: 5921: 5918: 5912: 5911: 5907: 5905: 5902: 5900: 5897: 5895: 5892: 5890: 5887: 5885: 5882: 5880: 5877: 5875: 5872: 5870: 5867: 5865: 5862: 5860: 5857: 5855: 5852: 5850: 5847: 5846: 5844: 5842: 5838: 5832: 5829: 5827: 5824: 5822: 5821:Periodization 5819: 5817: 5814: 5812: 5809: 5807: 5804: 5802: 5799: 5798: 5796: 5791: 5788: 5786: 5783: 5782: 5779: 5767: 5766: 5762: 5761: 5760: 5759: 5755: 5753: 5750: 5748: 5747:Digital clock 5745: 5743: 5740: 5736: 5733: 5729: 5726: 5724: 5721: 5720: 5719: 5716: 5714: 5711: 5709: 5706: 5704: 5701: 5697: 5694: 5693: 5692: 5689: 5685: 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4603: 4599: 4592: 4589: 4576: 4572: 4568: 4567:"Time Travel" 4561: 4558: 4553: 4547: 4543: 4536: 4533: 4528: 4522: 4518: 4517: 4509: 4506: 4498: 4494: 4490: 4486: 4482: 4478: 4474: 4467: 4460: 4457: 4442: 4438: 4436:9780199575374 4432: 4428: 4421: 4417: 4411: 4408: 4396: 4392: 4390:9780444531162 4386: 4382: 4381: 4373: 4370: 4355: 4351: 4344: 4337: 4335: 4331: 4326: 4319: 4316: 4312: 4296: 4292: 4288: 4281: 4278: 4274: 4270: 4266: 4260: 4257: 4253: 4251:9780387699462 4247: 4243: 4239: 4235: 4228: 4226: 4222: 4217: 4213: 4209: 4205: 4201: 4197: 4192: 4187: 4183: 4179: 4172: 4169: 4156: 4152: 4148: 4144: 4140: 4136: 4132: 4128: 4121: 4118: 4105: 4101: 4094: 4091: 4078: 4074: 4070: 4063: 4060: 4047: 4043: 4039: 4032: 4029: 4016: 4012: 4005: 4002: 3997: 3993: 3989: 3985: 3981: 3977: 3972: 3971:gr-qc/0102010 3967: 3964:(4): 043511. 3963: 3959: 3952: 3949: 3945: 3944: 3937: 3934: 3929: 3925: 3924: 3919: 3912: 3909: 3897: 3893: 3889: 3888: 3880: 3877: 3865: 3861: 3860: 3853: 3850: 3842:September 18, 3837: 3833: 3832: 3831:New Scientist 3827: 3820: 3817: 3804: 3800: 3799: 3794: 3787: 3784: 3779: 3773: 3769: 3764: 3763: 3754: 3751: 3743:September 23, 3738: 3734: 3727: 3725: 3721: 3716: 3712: 3711: 3703: 3700: 3692: 3688: 3684: 3680: 3676: 3672: 3668: 3664: 3660: 3656: 3652: 3645: 3641: 3635: 3632: 3619: 3615: 3608: 3605: 3593: 3589: 3585: 3578: 3575: 3570: 3564: 3560: 3555: 3554: 3545: 3542: 3529: 3525: 3518: 3515: 3510: 3506: 3502: 3498: 3494: 3490: 3486: 3482: 3478: 3477: 3469: 3466: 3450: 3443: 3436: 3433: 3421: 3417: 3413: 3406: 3403: 3398: 3394: 3390: 3386: 3382: 3378: 3374: 3370: 3366: 3360: 3357: 3352: 3346: 3342: 3338: 3334: 3327: 3325: 3321: 3316: 3312: 3308: 3304: 3300: 3296: 3292: 3286: 3283: 3278: 3274: 3270: 3266: 3260: 3257: 3252: 3248: 3244: 3240: 3236: 3232: 3227: 3226:gr-qc/9702043 3222: 3218: 3214: 3210: 3204: 3201: 3196: 3192: 3188: 3184: 3180: 3176: 3172: 3168: 3163: 3158: 3154: 3150: 3146: 3140: 3137: 3132: 3128: 3124: 3120: 3116: 3112: 3108: 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June 1838. 2250: 2246: 2242: 2236: 2233: 2228: 2222: 2218: 2217: 2209: 2207: 2205: 2201: 2196: 2194:9780892641420 2190: 2186: 2179: 2176: 2171: 2164: 2161: 2148: 2144: 2138: 2134: 2133: 2125: 2122: 2117: 2111: 2107: 2100: 2097: 2092: 2086: 2082: 2081: 2073: 2070: 2065: 2061: 2057: 2053: 2049: 2045: 2041: 2037: 2030: 2027: 2021: 2018: 2013: 2009: 2002: 1999: 1987: 1983: 1976: 1973: 1961: 1957: 1951: 1948: 1943: 1931: 1916: 1910: 1906: 1902: 1898: 1897: 1889: 1886: 1883: 1878: 1875: 1862: 1858: 1854: 1851:Thorn, John. 1847: 1844: 1841: 1837: 1833: 1827: 1824: 1812: 1811: 1806: 1799: 1796: 1793: 1789: 1786: 1780: 1777: 1772: 1766: 1762: 1758: 1751: 1748: 1735: 1731: 1727: 1726: 1721: 1714: 1711: 1706: 1702: 1696: 1693: 1681: 1677: 1676: 1669: 1666: 1654: 1650: 1646: 1642: 1635: 1632: 1629: 1625: 1622: 1609: 1605: 1599: 1595: 1594: 1586: 1583: 1576: 1572: 1568: 1567: 1563: 1562: 1558: 1551: 1546: 1543: 1541: 1538: 1536: 1533: 1532: 1528: 1527: 1524: 1521: 1519: 1516: 1514: 1511: 1509: 1506: 1504: 1501: 1500: 1496: 1495: 1494: 1490: 1487: 1485: 1482: 1481: 1477: 1476: 1473: 1470: 1468: 1465: 1463: 1460: 1459: 1455: 1454: 1451: 1448: 1447: 1443: 1442: 1439: 1436: 1434: 1431: 1430: 1426: 1425: 1424: 1423: 1416: 1414: 1412: 1408: 1403: 1400: 1396: 1392: 1388: 1387: 1382: 1377: 1375: 1371: 1367: 1363: 1359: 1355: 1347: 1345: 1343: 1339: 1335: 1331: 1327: 1319: 1314: 1312: 1310: 1306: 1302: 1295: 1287: 1285: 1282: 1278: 1275: 1271: 1263: 1261: 1259: 1255: 1251: 1247: 1246:absolute time 1243: 1239: 1235: 1231: 1225: 1217: 1215: 1213: 1208: 1206: 1202: 1198: 1197:gravity wells 1194: 1189: 1185: 1181: 1176: 1174: 1170: 1166: 1162: 1158: 1154: 1150: 1139: 1134: 1133:Time dilation 1127:Time dilation 1126: 1124: 1122: 1118: 1114: 1110: 1106: 1102: 1098: 1090: 1089: 1083: 1079: 1077: 1073: 1068: 1063: 1059: 1058:Fermi paradox 1051: 1049: 1047: 1043: 1038: 1034: 1030: 1026: 1025: 1020: 1016: 1012: 1010: 1006: 1001: 1000: 999:New Scientist 996:. Nimtz told 995: 991: 987: 983: 978: 976: 970: 967: 963: 959: 956: 952: 951:Marlan Scully 948: 943: 941: 933: 931: 928: 927:David Deutsch 924: 920: 912: 910: 908: 904: 900: 895: 893: 889: 885: 881: 877: 872: 870: 866: 862: 854: 851: 843: 841: 839: 835: 834:exotic matter 831: 825: 823: 818: 814: 810: 806: 798: 796: 794: 790: 785: 780: 777: 773: 769: 768:exotic matter 765: 760: 757: 753: 749: 745: 744:time dilation 741: 737: 733: 727: 719: 717: 715: 711: 707: 703: 699: 695: 691: 687: 683: 675: 673: 671: 667: 663: 659: 655: 651: 647: 643: 639: 635: 627: 625: 623: 619: 615: 611: 607: 602: 600: 595: 591: 587: 583: 579: 575: 571: 563: 561: 559: 558: 553: 549: 545: 544:Andrew Sawyer 541: 537: 532: 531: 526: 522: 514: 512: 510: 506: 502: 498: 494: 490: 486: 482: 481: 476: 469: 464: 460: 458: 454: 450: 446: 442: 438: 434: 430: 426: 422: 418: 413: 409: 405: 404: 399: 398:Samuel Madden 395: 391: 387: 376: 375: 369: 367: 363: 362: 357: 353: 352: 347: 343: 342: 337: 333: 329: 328: 322: 320: 316: 312: 306: 298: 296: 294: 289: 285: 281: 276: 274: 270: 266: 262: 258: 257:Theodosius II 254: 250: 246: 242: 237: 234: 230: 222: 220: 212: 211: 206: 205:Urashima Tarō 202: 198: 194: 190: 186: 182: 178: 177: 176:Vishnu Purana 169: 165: 160: 153: 148: 146: 144: 142: 138: 134: 130: 126: 122: 118: 114: 110: 105: 103: 102: 97: 93: 89: 85: 81: 77: 73: 69: 65: 59: 56:published by 55: 54: 48: 44: 40: 33: 19: 6304: 6295:Time capsule 6289:Tempus fugit 6287: 6209:Other fields 5908: 5889:Perdurantism 5811:Calendar era 5763: 5756: 5742:Cuckoo clock 5679:astronomical 5653: 5479:Unit of time 5410:Key concepts 5346:Misner space 5331:Gödel metric 5311:can contain 5119: 5046:. Retrieved 5039: 5014:. Retrieved 5005: 4995: 4942: 4936: 4925:, retrieved 4915: 4908: 4896:. Retrieved 4863: 4859: 4849: 4826: 4820: 4781:(6): 06401, 4778: 4775:Phys. Rev. D 4774: 4768: 4750: 4722: 4716: 4706:September 6, 4704:. Retrieved 4674: 4668: 4655: 4645:February 20, 4643:. Retrieved 4628: 4601: 4597: 4591: 4579:. Retrieved 4570: 4560: 4541: 4535: 4515: 4508: 4497:the original 4476: 4472: 4459: 4448:, retrieved 4426: 4410: 4399:, retrieved 4379: 4372: 4361:, retrieved 4349: 4324: 4318: 4306: 4299:. Retrieved 4290: 4280: 4264: 4259: 4233: 4181: 4177: 4171: 4161:September 8, 4159:. Retrieved 4134: 4130: 4120: 4108:. Retrieved 4093: 4081:. Retrieved 4073:HyperPhysics 4072: 4062: 4050:. Retrieved 4042:HyperPhysics 4041: 4031: 4019:. Retrieved 4004: 3961: 3958:Phys. Rev. D 3957: 3951: 3941: 3936: 3928:the original 3921: 3911: 3900:, retrieved 3886: 3879: 3870:September 5, 3868:, retrieved 3858: 3852: 3840:. Retrieved 3829: 3819: 3807:. Retrieved 3796: 3786: 3761: 3753: 3741:. 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Retrieved 1592: 1585: 1571:James Gleick 1564: 1549: 1450:Time capsule 1404: 1384: 1378: 1361: 1351: 1341: 1337: 1333: 1329: 1323: 1311:in physics. 1304: 1300: 1297: 1279: 1274:Dean Rickles 1267: 1242:Isaac Newton 1227: 1209: 1184:twin paradox 1177: 1145: 1094: 1086: 1061: 1055: 1045: 1041: 1022: 1015:Shengwang Du 1013: 997: 982:Günter Nimtz 979: 971: 944: 937: 919:Hugh Everett 916: 896: 873: 864: 861:simultaneity 858: 826: 817:Frank Tipler 811:in 1936 and 802: 781: 761: 756:synchronized 754:it, so that 751: 747: 729: 712:and lack of 706:Gödel metric 696:, which are 679: 631: 603: 592:, which are 567: 555: 547: 539: 530:New York Sun 528: 518: 488: 484: 478: 473: 452: 428: 424: 416: 411: 401: 394:Song dynasty 372: 370: 366:time machine 359: 349: 339: 331: 325: 323: 318: 308: 277: 238: 226: 208: 174: 172: 145: 106: 99: 92:time machine 91: 63: 62: 51: 43: 6354:Time travel 6305:Time travel 6283:System time 6190:Time domain 6175:Proper time 5999:use of time 5970:Father Time 5950:Immortality 5940:Ages of Man 5869:Endurantism 5826:Regnal year 5806:Big History 5735:water-based 5634:Solar Hijri 5544:Hexadecimal 5494:Measurement 5456:Chronometry 5442:Measurement 5336:Kerr metric 5273:Determinism 5214:Causal loop 5120:Time travel 5083:Time Travel 4898:January 10, 4604:: 289–296. 4581:November 2, 4450:February 1, 4416:Tim Maudlin 4363:February 1, 3809:October 21, 3458:October 27, 3375:(8): 2203. 3063:December 2, 2955:Thorne, Kip 2795:February 3, 2749:January 25, 2458:December 4, 2425:October 20, 2341:October 28, 1991:December 7, 1965:December 7, 1920:December 7, 1853:"Saint Rip" 1761:McGraw-Hill 1472:Time viewer 1407:Karl Svozil 1395:statistical 1165:proper time 880:EPR paradox 784:Matt Visser 698:world lines 594:world lines 552:H. G. Wells 390:Qin dynasty 382: 1640 334:, 1770) by 96:H. G. Wells 64:Time travel 18:Time-travel 6348:Categories 6007:Chronemics 5982:Kalachakra 5894:Presentism 5879:Eternalism 5785:Chronology 5723:mechanical 5674:Main types 5592:Main types 5303:Spacetimes 5278:Eternalism 5245:Multiverse 5056:Transcript 4677:: 145–52. 4273:0030226570 2036:Philosophy 1740:August 29, 1686:January 8, 1659:August 20, 1577:References 1569:– book by 1372:'s story " 1281:Presentism 1270:eternalism 1258:relativity 1238:Parmenides 1218:Philosophy 1205:black hole 1193:equivalent 1067:Carl Sagan 1029:slow light 1019:precursors 793:Roman ring 702:Kurt Gödel 636:, such as 586:physicists 497:Plesiosaur 386:Sun Wukong 354:(1888) by 344:(1819) by 189:Pāli Canon 162:Statue of 129:black hole 88:In fiction 76:philosophy 6263:Leap year 6180:Spacetime 6054:Yesterday 5955:Dreamtime 5929:Mythology 5816:Deep time 5728:stopwatch 5703:hourglass 5684:astrarium 5614:Gregorian 5607:Lunisolar 5584:Calendars 5574:Time zone 5447:standards 5288:Free will 5184:Time loop 5016:April 26, 4987:119468684 4927:April 26, 4493:170920718 4110:April 26, 4083:April 26, 4052:April 26, 4021:April 26, 3996:119000743 3624:April 26, 3598:August 9, 3534:April 26, 3509:121316135 3487:: 27–60. 3315:116891680 2932:April 26, 2650:March 26, 2545:August 1, 2384:Hands Off 2300:az.lib.ru 2064:170218026 2056:0031-8191 1986:Study.com 1940:ignored ( 1930:cite book 1649:Routledge 1254:spacetime 1157:invariant 1109:Baltimore 1072:spacetime 990:microwave 955:entangled 940:causality 789:causality 782:In 1993, 720:Wormholes 642:wormholes 606:causality 578:spacetime 449:monastery 141:wormholes 109:causality 58:Heinemann 6323:Category 6071:Time in 6062:Tomorrow 5924:Religion 5864:Duration 5831:Timeline 5765:Timeline 5564:Sidereal 5432:Eternity 5283:Fatalism 5010:Archived 5006:BBC News 4921:archived 4892:Archived 4888:10013039 4813:18460829 4697:Archived 4639:Archived 4575:Archived 4441:archived 4418:(2010), 4395:archived 4354:archived 4295:Archived 4216:30481535 4155:Archived 4104:Archived 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