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265:. They both expressed interest in attempting to summit Mt. Rainier, however, the men were not able to leave for two years because of forest fires in the region. In early August 1870, the men headed west to Yelm Prairie, there they would enlist the help of an experienced guide named James Longmire to lead them to Bear Prairie. While they were on the Yelm Prairie, Stevens and Van Trump met Edmund T. Coleman, an experienced mountain climber who agreed to accompany them.
224:, who was prisoner at the fort awaiting trial. While assisting in chief Leschi's defense, Kautz and Leschi became friends and Leschi shared valuable information about routes to the mountain while inspiring Kautz to attempt the summit. On 8 July 1857, Lieutenant August V. Kautz set out to ascend Mt. Rainier accompanied by four other soldiers and
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However, Sluiskin refused to go past the snowline and further up the mountain. He attempted to warn the two men of the dangers of the mountains summit. Sluiskin explained that his grandfather, a great chief, had attempted to climb the mountain. He said that before reaching the summit, his grandfather
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man named
Sluiskin knew the area well from hunting wild game and agreed to take them. Each of the three men would pay him one dollar a day. Longmire then left them and returned home. Soon after, during their trek to the mountain, Coleman left the party due to complications with his gear. He took with
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and her class were visited by P. B. Van Trump who inspired Fuller to summit Mt. Rainier herself. In 1890, after a failed attempt in 1887, Fuller was invited by P.B. Van Trump to join a climbing party and attempt to summit
Rainier for a second time. On 10 August 1890, Fay Fuller became the first
237:
on the southwest slope of Mt. Rainier. On 6 September 1857, the group began to travel the glacier, and the next day they reached a high point on the glacier. Due to lack of resources, the group turned back and did not reach the summit of the mountain. A glacier and creek were named after
Lieutenant
195:
to the base of the mountain. Once near the destination, Tolmie and one of the Native
Americans on the trip climbed a nearby peak and were able to view Mt. Rainier from a closer distance than any Europeans had previously. From here, Tolmie witnessed the fact that there were glaciers present near the
161:
region at the base of Mount
Rainier leading to his eventual employment as a guide for the 1870 ascent of Mount Rainier. Longmire would go on to locate a mineral claim at the base of Mount Rainier, leading to an increase of prospectors to the region and eventually an increase in tourists after, with
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They survived the night, and began to make their descent back to
Stevens Camp. As they neared the end of their journey, Van Trump slipped, sliding 40 feet, severely gashed his thigh. When they found Sluiskin hunting near the camp, he at first would not approach them, unsure if they were real flesh
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Above 10,000 feet the climb became treacherous, and the two men fought through dangerous snow and ice to what they assumed was the tallest point. There they planted a flag attached to Steven's walking staff, and named the place Peak
Success. They then realized that the highest point was about 250
232:
to pick up their guide
Wapowety, who supposedly knew more about the upper Nisqually River than any other man in his tribe. The plan was to approach Mt. Rainier's southern slope, which was seen as the most direct and best approach. The troop set up camp in the Mishawl Prairie before leaving their
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had seen an evil spirit that lived beside a lake of fire. Sluiskin's grandfather fled, and no Native
American went near the summit of the mountain. Sluiskin warned Stevens and Van Trump, referring to them as friends, that if the natural elements did not kill them, then the spirit would.
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in the Spring of 1830 and helped with the construction of Fort
Nisqually beginning in May 1833. Tolmie received permission to travel to the base of Mt. Rainier as part of a botanical excursion and was to be accompanied by five Native Americans including the
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The day of the ascent Stevens and Van Trump, assuming their climb would not take more than a day, left their coats and blankets, and packed only enough food for one meal. They then left their camp and Sluiskin to climb the southwest slope of the mountain.
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When he could not deter the men, Sluiskin told them that he would wait three days for their return. After which he would go to Olympia and tell the authorities there of their deaths. He demanded a written note from them clearing him of blame.
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feet higher, and travelled to that point, which they named Crater Peak. They were forced to spend the night near the summit, huddling inside a cave containing a steam vent, unsure of their chances of survival.
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When Stevens, Van Trump, and Sluiskin reached the mountain, at about 6,500 foot elevation they set up a permanent campsite, called Stevens Camp. They named a nearby waterfall Sluiskin Falls after their guide.
105:, with a potential goal of ascending Mount Rainier, the undertaking was deemed as too much for the current expedition resources. Wilkes calculated the height of Mount Rainier using the
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were the first recorded to reach the summit of Mount Rainier. The two men met in 1867 while P.B. Trump was employed as the governor's secretary and Hazard Stevens was working for the
157:, in the valley below Mount Rainier. His home became a launching point for a number of exploratory trips to Mount Rainier. In the 1860s, Longmire was involved in surveys of the
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in 1833 as a trading outpost for furs and agricultural supplies. This fort would become the launching point for early exploration of Mount Rainier and the surrounding region.
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horses and making their approach to the mountain. The party then traveled from this base camp for another five days along the Nisqually River gorge until they reached the
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on 11 May 1841, which would serve as their base for further exploration of the region. Although Wilkes expressed specific interest in the snowy peaks of Mount Rainier and
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to a height of 12,330 feet, approximately 2000 feet less than the actual height of the mountain. The Wilkes expedition made the first successful navigation over the
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373:, alongside Major E.S. Ingraham and six others summited Mt. Rainier in 1888. Muir and company found a pumice patch where they camped, this area is now known as
208:
By 1857, no white man had recorded an ascent of Mt. Rainier, and the local American Indian population was supposedly superstitious about it. While stationed at
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The first permanent settlement on Puget Sound near Mount Rainier was that of Fort Nisqually. Fort Nisqually, also known as the Nisqually House, was created by
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the aid of some local American Indians, they cleared a road from the Succotash Valley to the springs and established Longmire hotel and health spa in 1884.
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was officially established, protecting the area federally and leading to many future ascents of Mt. Rainier. Mt. Rainier National Park is the fifth oldest
55:
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people, and one other unnamed Native American all of whom were to assist with navigation and in the finding of medicinal herbs. The group traveled up the
346:
in March 1871. This publication is the first scientific description of Mt. Rainier and its glacier. The publication refers to the mountain as "Tachoma".
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When the group reached Bear Prairie, Longmire assisted the party in hiring a Native American guide to then guide the men to the base of the mountain. A
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word for "snow-covered mountain." Winthrop's book described in detail Mount Rainier and the Native Americans of the region, inspiring future travelers.
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with the last eruptions occurring between 1894 and 1895. Mt. Rainier has a height of 14,410 ft and a prominence of 13,246 ft.
126:, published in 1863. In his writings, Winthrop intentionally used the term Tacoma to refer to Mount Rainier, opting for the anglicized
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set out to explore the mountain. Emmons and Wilson both were scientists working in the region as part of the United States Government
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Kautz while the Wapowety Cleaver is named after the Native American guide. The peak would not be ascended for another thirteen years.
94:
963:
338:. Emmons sent in his scientific report of the geological and topographical work the team was able to accomplish on Mt. Rainier to
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and blood, or ghosts. The men returned to Olympia, and though many would not believe their story, they celebrated their victory.
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Sluiskin Falls: This waterfall was named by P.B. Van Trump and Hazard Stevens, after their Native American guide Sluiskin.
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343:
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John Muir and climbing party on the summit of Mount Rainier, 1888. Left to right: D.W. Bass, P. B. Van Trump,
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summit of Mt. Rainier. The hill from which Tolmie and the Native American man viewed these glaciers is now called
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377:. Muir's climbing group included the first photographer to climb and photograph the peak, Arthur C. Warner.
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Upon the return of Stevens and Van Trump from their successful summit of Mt. Rainier, the scientists
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in the contiguous 48. The peak can be seen from approximately 150 miles away. It is classified as an
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just north of Mount Rainier, which had been seen as a potential route for overland wagon travel.
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in 1853 with his family via the overland Naches Pass route. Longmire and his family settled in
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964:"Man vs. Mountain: Hazard was his name, and high-rock chance-taking was this daredevil's game"
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Ashford, Mailing Address: 55210 238th Avenue East; Us, WA 98304 Phone: 360 569-2211 Contact.
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in 1836 with the goal of exploring the Pacific Ocean. Wilkes and the expedition reached
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visited the Northwest and wrote about his travel experience in the region in the book
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50:. Mt. Rainier is the tallest mountain in the Cascade Range, the fifth tallest in the
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31:
27:
1097:
Blee, Lisa (Winter 2009). "Mount Rainier and Indian Economies of Place, 1850–1925".
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908:"Mountain Challenge, 1857: Journal of Lt. August V. Kautz on Mount Rainier"
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Exceptional Mountains: A Cultural History of the Pacific Northwest Volcanos
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chief Lachalet, Lachalet's nephew Lashima, Nuckalkut and Quilniash of the
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175:
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P. B. Van Trump revisiting old campground near Mount Rainier, 1909.
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of the Hudson's Bay Company in August and September 1833. Tolmie, from
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The first settler upon the slopes of Mount Rainier itself was
1066:
The Measure of a Mountain: Beauty and Terror on Mount Rainier
1013:
Mountain in the Sky: A History of Mount Rainier National Park
1194:"Frequently Asked Questions - Mount Rainier National Park"
786:"Mount Rainier NP: Wonderland:An Administrative History"
708:"James Longmire and the Longmire Medical Springs Resort"
220:
learned much about Mt. Rainier from the Nisqually chief
598:. Berkeley, California: Field Division of Education.
342:. King published Emmons' findings and letter in the
624:. Lincoln, Nebraska: University of Nebraska Press.
1176:More than Petticoats: Remarkable Washington Women
636:"Native American Placenames of the United States"
245:Hazard Stevens (following the American Civil War)
385:While teaching at a school in Yelm, Washington,
170:The first white man to approach Mt. Rainier was
336:Geological Exploration of the Fortieth Parallel
166:1833: First approach and discovery of glaciers
871:Mountain Fever, Historic Conquests of Rainier
596:Mount Rainier: Its Human History Associations
8:
1034:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (
765:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (
1213:: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (
23:Mount Rainier's south peak, 19 August 1895.
471:"Most Prominent Peaks of the U.S. States"
228:'s doctor. The expedition stopped at the
18:
1178:(2nd ed.). Morris Book Publishing.
1005:
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820:"First Attempt to Ascend Mount Rainier"
713:. National Park Service. Archived from
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874:. Portland: Oregon Historical Society.
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744:Records of Mount Rainier National Park
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974:(2) – via Gale General Onefile.
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394:Mt. Rainier National Park (Post 1899)
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962:Brown, Jessica Wambach (June 2019).
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317:Other notable ascents (1870 to 1890)
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42:. The mountain is within modern-day
1240:Mountaineering in the United States
824:The Washington Historical Quarterly
1010:David., Martinson, Arthur (1999).
95:United States Exploring Expedition
14:
369:The Scottish-American naturalist
1068:. Seattle, WA: Sasquatch Books.
674:"Puget Sound Geographical names"
912:The Pacific Northwest Quarterly
263:Oregon Steam Navigation Company
46:, 59 miles south south-east of
1:
390:woman to summit Mt. Rainier.
250:1870: First successful ascent
1245:Exploration of North America
1196:. U.S. National Park Service
1099:Western Historical Quarterly
788:. U.S. National Park Service
204:1857: First attempted ascent
1150:cdm16786.contentdm.oclc.org
1016:. UMI Dissertation Series.
344:American Journal of Science
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1235:Mountaineering expeditions
906:Haines, Aubrey L. (1957).
868:Haines, Aubrey L. (1962).
741:M., Shader, Nancy (1998).
646:(4): 100–102. 2006-01-01.
620:Weltzien, O. Alan (2016).
259:Philemon Beecher Van Trump
218:Lieutenant August V. Kautz
149:, an American who came to
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747:. National Park Service.
652:10.1525/tph.2006.28.4.100
400:Mt. Rainier National Park
91:Lieutenant Charles Wilkes
497:. U.S. Geological Survey
123:The Canoe and the Saddle
1064:Barcott, Bruce (2011).
77:Timeline (1836 to 1870)
406:in the United States.
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594:Rensch, H.E. (1935).
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230:Nisqually Reservation
178:, had arrived in the
172:William Fraser Tolmie
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1174:Bragg, Lynn (2010).
1111:10.1093/whq/40.4.419
640:The Public Historian
151:Washington Territory
140:Hudson's Bay Company
107:triangulation method
364:E. S. Ingraham
56:most prominent peak
830:(1): 77–81. 1906.
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322:1870: S. F. Emmons
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1075:978-1-57061-800-0
398:On 2 March 1899,
235:Nisqually Glacier
180:Pacific Northwest
118:Theodore Winthrop
82:Early exploration
40:Pacific Northwest
16:From 1836 to 1899
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212:as part of the
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159:Nisqually River
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1198:. Retrieved
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715:the original
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680:. 2017-01-16
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93:to lead the
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678:Lushootseed
332:A.D. Wilson
328:S.F. Emmons
214:Indian Wars
198:Tolmie Peak
128:Lushootseed
111:Naches Pass
34:within the
1229:Categories
1200:2023-04-08
1155:2023-03-15
792:2023-03-15
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