170:
727:
the epidemics are divided and described. In general, the initial period spanned from spring to fall 1788, when it spread across Europe; after a year-long absence, influenza reappeared in North
America in the fall of 1789, initiating a second period that spanned at least into the spring of 1790. While these have often been treated separately, connecting them as part of a single period that lasted from 1788 to 1790 (perhaps even into 1791, at least in the United States) is by no means a novel interpretation of the data.
185:
141:. This is also the period of virus isolation and development of vaccines. Prior to the 20th century, much information about influenza is generally not considered certain. Although the virus seems to have caused epidemics throughout human history, historical data on influenza are difficult to interpret, because the symptoms can be similar to those of other respiratory diseases.
640:
more severe epidemics than others even within the same country. Spontaneous abortions and premature births were reported as new complications during this pandemic, which can be taken as a piece of supporting evidence that this was indeed a pandemic of influenza, in addition to its high attack rate and broad distribution across at least two continents.
7890:
7878:
754:. After a short reprieve, the influenza resumed epidemic proportions in the spring of 1790 in the northeast United States and perhaps some other parts, declining about the first week of June. There is some evidence of increased severity during the spring wave as compared to the fall one. The disease was prevalent again in
595:
Though the name had been used in
English before, this was the first time "influenza" was broadly used to refer to the disease. While it prevailed extensively in Italy, the rumor of a "great epidemic" of "influenza" in that country spread faster than the disease itself, and the name came to be used in
588:
were affected in March, and
England in April. Although not a pandemic, this outbreak was characterized by "enormous morbidity" and came amidst a period, from 1742 to 1744, "when European deaths associated with influenza-like illnesses reached extraordinary peaks." In January 1743 alone, over 8,000 in
499:
This has generally been considered the first pandemic of influenza in the 18th century. However, it is not entirely clear whether this was a totally distinct outbreak from the first or rather a "long-delayed recurrence". Some authors have historically considered the two as related epidemics during a
726:
Another epidemic, or series of epidemics, of influenza occurred at the end of this decade. This period has more recently been described as a pandemic, though historically it has not been considered as such; at most, it may "possibly" have been a pandemic. This lack of definition is reflected in how
583:
An outbreak of "catarrhal fever" prevailed in several countries in the winter of 1741–1742, in particular
Germany, before the disease reappeared the following October of 1742 in Switzerland. From there it spread throughout much of Italy through February 1743, when it was first reported in Paris and
733:
and in Poland. It then spread westward, invading
Germany, Hungary, Denmark, England, Scotland, France, and Italy successively throughout the year and being reported finally in Switzerland in October. Observed influenza activity then remained low for nearly a year before the disease appeared in the
704:
This epidemic solidified "influenza" as the name of the disease in
English. Although first used generally in 1743 to refer to the affliction epidemic in Italy at the time, it was not until an epidemic in 1775 that the term began to be used again more generally, and by 1782, it was the typical name
639:
On the whole, the epidemic was notable for seeming to follow no clear path, "being reported now here, now there," and for missing certain locales altogether, such as Paris. Morbidity was "great" where the disease did strike. Mortality was relatively low, though it did vary, with some cities seeing
700:
in
February and Denmark, Sweden, and Hungary in April. After reaching England as early as April, influenza broke out in London and other parts in May and was general in England and Scotland in June. After hitting the Netherlands in May, it spread to France and then to Italy, where it broke out in
687:
Other authors, however, consider only the 1781–1782 experience to be a true pandemic. If anything, the outbreaks in Russia and North
America in 1780–1781 were possible "herald waves" of the later, greater epidemic. During this true pandemic period, influenza is said to have first broken out in
157:
Worldwide accessible databases multiply in order to control outbreaks and prevent pandemics. New influenza strain outbreaks still occur. Efficacy of currently available vaccines is still insufficient to diminish the current annual health burden induced by the virus. One influenza pandemic has
192:
Influenza has been studied by countless physicians, epidemiologists, and medical historians. Chroniclers distinguished its outbreaks from other diseases by the rapid, indiscriminate way it struck down entire populations. Flu has been called various names including
105:, and Africa. This flu pandemic is the first to be reliably recorded as spreading worldwide, is when flu received its first English names. It is also the first pandemic in which flu is linked to miscarriages. The pandemic lasted for at least two years.
2441:
A Dictionary of Hygiène and Public Health: Comprising
Sanitary Chemistry, Engineering, and Legislation, the Dietetic Value of Foods, and the Detection of Adulterations, on the Plan of the "Dictionnaire D'hygiène Publique" of Professor Ambroise
379:
developed in Asia and proceeded northward to involve North Africa, then all of Europe. Attack rates were extremely high, but fatality was low and said to be restricted to weaker individuals like children and those who were
4671:
318:
An epidemic of influenza-like illness developed in Europe, preferentially killing elderly and debilitating persons. This is probably the first documentation of a key epidemiological feature of both pandemic and seasonal
6162:
4231:
696:
in the fall of 1781. By the winter, it was sweeping through
Siberia and Russia, visiting St. Petersburg again in January 1782. It moved through Germany between February and June. It struck
7453:
2971:
A brief history of epidemic and pestilential diseases; with the principal phenomena of the physical world, which precede and accompany them, and observations deduced from the facts stated
2937:
3472:
4662:
617:. The disease did not appear in Europe, however, until the following February of 1762, when it caused outbreaks in Germany that lasted through April. In March, it was reported in
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3709:
3707:
3705:
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2875:
A Summarie of the Chronicles of England, from the first coming of Brute into this land, unto this present yeare of Christ 1575 ... Corrected and enlarged, etc. B.L.
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Osterholm, MT; Kelley, NS; Sommer, A; Belongia, EA (January 2012). "Efficacy and effectiveness of influenza vaccines: a systematic review and meta-analysis".
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613:
A "severe influenza" broke out in the northern United States in the winter and spring of 1761. It reportedly spread across the entire country as well as the
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single period of influenza, while others have considered them separately, suggesting no connection between them beyond both being incidences of influenza.
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117:
Data from this century is more informative of pandemics than those of previous years. The first influenza pandemic of the 18th century begins in 1733.
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4348:
6405:
6177:
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Karlsson, Erik A.; Hon, S.; Hall, Jeffrey S.; Yoon, Sun Woo; Johnson, Jordan; Beck, Melinda A.; Webby, Richard J.; Schultz-Cherry, Stacey (2014).
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2002:
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in April, 1729, apparently causing the imperial household to flee the city. The disease was not reported again, however, until the fall, in
7097:
45:
that kills between 250,000 and 500,000 people every year and has claimed between 340 million and 1 billion human lives throughout history.
2774:
1598:
3746:
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reported died from the disease. However, some of the mortality was also attributed at the time to the use of venesection as a treatment.
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4643:
2896:
Die Influenza: ihre Geschichte, Epidemiologie, Aetiologie Symptomatologie und Therapie, sowie ihre Complicationen und Nachkrankheiten
67:
The outbreak of influenza reported in 1173 is not considered to be a pandemic, and other reports to 1500 generally lack reliability.
7473:
6999:
6956:
6828:
6608:
6108:
5803:
5798:
5487:
5482:
5289:
4074:
3717:"Avian influenza A(H5N1)- update 31: Situation (poultry) in Asia: need for a long-term response, comparison with previous outbreaks"
3482:
3445:
2491:
2350:
2246:
2188:
1846:
7388:
5550:
1944:
Threats, Institute of Medicine (US) Forum on Microbial; Knobler, Stacey L.; Mack, Alison; Mahmoud, Adel; Lemon, Stanley M. (2005).
1865:
4099:"Avian influenza A virus (H7N7) epidemic in The Netherlands in 2003: course of the epidemic and effectiveness of control measures"
4064:
742:
in September 1789. The epidemic crossed the entire United States in six to eight weeks. It was reported in Jamaica in October and
173:
Reported cases of influenza in North American and South American countries for the period 1949–1958, illustrating the severity of
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5595:
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6572:
5575:
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91:. It is the first documented case of intercontinental spread of an influenza virus, with less lethality than future pandemics.
1885:
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1992:
1928:
1810:
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5861:
5722:
5337:
2708:
2592:
2548:
1780:
1750:
1727:
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302:
was first used to describe a disease prevailing in 1357. It would be applied again to the epidemic in 1386−1387.
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7304:
7209:
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7012:
6984:
6917:
6240:
6225:
6218:
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3336:
Dobson, Mary. 2007. Disease: The Extraordinary Stories behind History’s Deadliest Killers. London, UK: Quercus.
1754:
637:, and between June and September it caused outbreaks in France, where it persisted in some parts into October.
6391:
4371:"The International Pledging Conference on Avian and Human Pandemic Influenza Is Successfully Held in Beijing"
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Liechti, R.; Gleizes, A.; Kuznetsov, D.; Bougueleret, L.; Le Mercier, P.; Bairoch, A.; Xenarios, I. (2010).
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Immerman, H.; von Jurgenson, Th.; Liebermeister, C.; Lenhartz, H.; Sticker, G. (1902). Moore, John (ed.).
1590:
538:. It spread throughout Germany in November and into December, when it caused outbreaks in Switzerland and
4097:
Stegeman, A; Bouma, A; Elbers, AR; De Jong, MC; Nodelijk, G; De Klerk, F; Koch, G; Van Boven, M. (2004).
3662:
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England, at least for the duration of the outbreak. Once it had passed, the name fell out of common use.
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7148:
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5928:
5900:
5320:
3591:
1332:
507:
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108:
The 1580 pandemic is well-documented, with high mortality recorded as influenza spreads across Europe.
359:
Another outbreak of flu was recorded in Paris; possibly the first time the disease was referred to as
7831:
7663:
7298:
7127:
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6497:
6485:
6299:
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5330:
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3342:
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735:
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6103:
5923:
5790:
5390:
5274:
4991:
3777:"Multinational Impact of the 1968 Hong Kong Influenza Pandemic: Evidence for a Smoldering Pandemic"
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867:
military bases before traveling across the Atlantic Ocean on crowded military ships to Europe amid
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6324:
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5522:
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4944:
4916:
4791:
4707:
4517:
4209:
4046:
3513:
3046:
6854:
3617:
770:, in the winter of 1790–1791, but it was not nearly as widespread as its first two appearances.
879:, as moving armies spread flu around the world. The flu returned in waves for the next 2 years.
408:
spread westward from Asia to Africa and Europe, then traveled aboard European ships across the
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7767:
7748:
7729:
7519:
7515:
7511:
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3798:
3750:
3478:
3441:
3416:
3286:
3278:
3247:
3238:
Shimizu, K (October 1997). "History of influenza epidemics and discovery of influenza virus".
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2638:
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2346:
2319:
2278:
2242:
2184:
2050:
1998:
1891:
1842:
914:
897:
258:
180:
in 1957. Chile (not shown in the graph) was severely hit and reported 1,408,430 cases in 1957.
4865:
2340:
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4432:
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Akey, BL (2003). "Low-pathogenicity H7N2 avian influenza outbreak in Virginia during 2002".
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678:
674:
4890:
4663:"Exclusive: Controversial US scientist creates deadly new flu strain for pandemic research"
2810:
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2798:
2796:
2794:
2792:
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6758:
6710:
6598:
6549:
6470:
6386:
6194:
5660:
5644:
4686:"FDA approves first seasonal influenza vaccine manufactured using cell culture technology"
4522:
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4210:"EID Weekly Updates - Emerging and Reemerging Infectious Diseases, Region of the Americas"
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The Global Strategy for Prevention and Control of H5N1 Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza
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1080:
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662:
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409:
149:
International health organizations merge, and large scale vaccination campaigns begin.
98:
4917:"Certain anti-influenza compounds also inhibit Zika virus infection, researchers find"
4621:
3322:
3305:
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An epidemic of coughing disease associated with spontaneous miscarriages was noted in
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6941:
6889:
6788:
6502:
6213:
5759:
5692:
5555:
4397:
4326:
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3684:
3215:
3198:
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2297:
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2028:
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962:
893:
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6678:
6063:
6015:
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5001:
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1065:
767:
759:
755:
661:
Some accounts place the earliest outbreaks of this pandemic in the fall of 1780 in
381:
4891:"Researchers build flu detector that can diagnose at a breath, no doctor required"
4370:
1812:
Annals of Influenza Or Epidemic Catarrhal Fever in Great Britain from 1510 to 1837
184:
4034:
2915:
2514:
2178:
2130:
1912:
882:
Worldwide; originated in the US, some theories suggest France or other countries
701:
June. Finally, it reached Spain by August, prevailing in Madrid and other parts.
685:
in February 1781. It then prevailed in North America in the spring of that year.
7847:
7796:
7784:
7779:
7772:
7760:
7755:
7734:
7704:
7606:
7445:
7357:
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6936:
6823:
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6753:
6748:
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6656:
6507:
6455:
6422:
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5707:
5434:
5429:
5417:
5219:
3026:
1586:
1357:
872:
868:
864:
747:
729:
The influenza was first reported in Russia in March 1788, in St. Petersburg and
614:
555:
464:
267:
138:
3944:
3927:
3378:
1945:
283:
This is the first epidemic reported where the symptoms were probably influenza.
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7481:
7238:
6743:
6343:
6329:
6304:
6279:
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6208:
6157:
6079:
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5878:
5843:
5818:
5665:
5583:
5459:
5412:
5407:
5011:
4436:
3633:
2679:(in Brazilian Portuguese). Lisbon: Typographia da Academia. 1857. p. 302.
1139:
856:
547:
543:
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in February. The outbreak continued its spread in Germany in February, and in
42:
4758:
4644:"Scientists condemn 'crazy, dangerous' creation of deadly airborne flu virus"
3724:
3353:
3282:
3034:
2642:
2459:
Lettres du roi Louis XII et du cardinal Georges d'Amboise: depuis 1504 à 1514
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6314:
6284:
5835:
5717:
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5444:
5439:
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3118:
1722:
1503:
1338:
1301:
1282:
1266:
1155:
666:
630:
558:; that same month, it was reported in Italy, where it continued into March.
479:. This was the first "well-authenticated" outbreak of influenza to occur in
34:
30:
26:
21:
4629:
4594:
4503:
4454:
4405:
4173:
4155:
4124:
4042:
3802:
3420:
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3042:
2938:"On epidemic influenzas, with particular reference to the epidemic of 1843"
2858:
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2741:
2660:
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2323:
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3953:
3539:
3290:
3251:
2536:. Urbana-Champaign: University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign. p. 513.
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in December and January the following year. Paris was hit that month, and
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7229:
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6833:
6718:
6118:
5851:
2550:
A System of Medicine: General diseases and diseases of the nervous system
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626:
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511:
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5627:
4576:
3848:
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1708:
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1487:
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applied. In the summer of that year, when the disease hit England, the
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486:
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7889:
4518:"Europeans urged to avoid Mexico and US as swine flu death toll rises"
3415:(3). Department of Health Sciences, University of Genoa, Italy: 91–4.
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3060:
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Influenza pandemics are recorded four times, starting with the deadly
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6168:
5981:
5910:
5497:
2948:(6). Boston: D. Clapp, Jr. Proprietor and Publisher (published 1844).
1930:
The American Journal of Obstetrics and Diseases of Women and Children
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997:
935:
860:
855:
In March 1918, 48 soldiers died of "pneumonia" during a, outbreak at
670:
648:
600:
559:
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535:
530:. The following month it appeared in Germany, reportedly coming from
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452:
448:
434:
387:
346:
322:
286:
88:
84:
4494:
4469:
3749:. Nebraska Department of Health & Human Services. Archived from
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3354:"The Evolving History of Influenza Viruses and Influenza Vaccines 1"
2634:
1994:
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1746:
412:. Another wave in 1558-59 spread worldwide with devastating effects.
188:
Specific strains of influenza infection throughout the 20th century.
4115:
4098:
3793:
3776:
3618:"An oriental scourge: Australia and the Asian flu epidemic of 1957"
2412:
2395:
2367:"REPORTED CASES OF NOTIFIABLE DISEASES IN THE AMERICAS 1949 - 1958"
41:. In addition to specific year/period-related events, there is the
7853:
7612:
7244:
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5697:
3172:
3153:
American Experience | Influenza: Chapter 1 | Season 10 | Episode 5
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305:
183:
168:
4069:. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations. 2007.
5938:
2603:. New York: William Wood & Company – via Google Books.
2516:
A History of Epidemics in Britain - The type of sickness in 1558
1914:
A History of Epidemics in Britain - The type of sickness in 1558
523:
506:
as early as October 1732, after which reports of it came out of
468:
80:
6858:
5763:
4940:
4299:"The International Partnership on Avian and Pandemic Influenza"
2269:
Beveridge, W I (1991). "The chronicle of influenza epidemics".
871:. It spread rapidly through European cities and was nicknamed "
7079:
4840:"What We Can Learn From the Epic Failure of Google Flu Trends"
4787:
4711:
3974:
3720:
3565:
4349:"Influenza Strain Details for A/Cambodia/V0803338/2011(H1N1)"
2553:. Philadelphia, PA: H.C. Lea's Son & Company. p. 33.
2519:. Cambridge, England: The University Press. pp. 403–407.
1917:. Cambridge, England: The University Press. pp. 403–407.
542:
through the end of the year. Notably, it was reported on the
4936:
4421:"OpenFluDB, a database for human and animal influenza virus"
3905:"Influenza Strain Details for A/turkey/Ireland/?/1983(H5N8)"
3015:
Comparative Immunology, Microbiology and Infectious Diseases
814:, termed "fowl plague," was recorded by Perroncito in Italy.
746:
in November, and by the end of the year it was prevalent in
4327:"International Partnership on Avian and Pandemic Influenza"
2617:
Morens, David M.; Taubenberger, Jeffery K. (27 June 2011).
2825:"Pandemic influenza – including a risk assessment of H5N1"
2473:
Brouardel, Paul; Agustin, Gilbert; Girode, Joseph (1895).
3968:"19th WHO Model List of Essential Medicines (April 2015)"
2917:
Die Influenza. Ein historischer und ätiologischer Versuch
2022:
2020:
2018:
2016:
2014:
237:
by many chroniclers and physicians throughout the ages.
4733:"Study says Vietnam at H7N9 risk as two new cases noted"
4188:"Influenza Strain Details for A/Canada/rv504/2004(H7N3)"
709:
formally adopted the Italian word as the official name.
502:
The disease seems to have been present in the northeast
3843:
3841:
3839:
3837:
3928:"Human influenza A (H1N2) viruses isolated from China"
7866:
3821:
National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases
2479:(in French). Paris: B. Ballière et Fils. p. 363.
2342:
Vaccine Analysis: Strategies, Principles, and Control
1933:. New York: W. Wood & Company. 1919. p. 231.
734:
Western Hemisphere, breaking out in the US states of
125:
Two influenza pandemics are recorded in the century.
2445:. Edinburgh: Ballantyne, Hanson and Co. p. 316.
7830:
7806:
7714:
7637:
7592:
7581:
7410:
7372:
7351:
7319:
7274:
7228:
7107:
7096:
7069:
6896:
6806:
6779:
6709:
6695:
6649:
6607:
6586:
6560:
6463:
6449:
6440:
6369:
6254:
6234:
6117:
6097:
5937:
5817:
5797:
5731:
5678:
5653:
5615:
5608:
5574:
5521:
5510:
5473:
5398:
5389:
5369:
5360:
5303:
5267:
5258:
5238:
5210:
5201:
5056:
5020:
4974:
4260:Shannon Brownlee and Jeanne Lenzer (November 2009)
3271:
Nihon Rinsho. Japanese Journal of Clinical Medicine
4661:
2202:
2200:
2180:The Diffusion of Influenza: Patterns and Paradigms
1890:(in Spanish). Paris, France: UNESCO. p. 311.
1867:Dictionnaire encyclopédique des sciences médicales
266:The symptoms of human influenza were described by
2132:Handbook of geographical and historical pathology
3009:Lupiani, Blanca; Reddy, Sanjay M. (2009-07-01).
2183:. Totowa, New Jersey: Rowman & Littlefield.
2135:. Vol. 1. London: The New Sydenham Society.
158:occurred thus far in the 21st century, in 2009.
4759:"FDA Approves Flublok Quadrivalent Flu Vaccine"
3098:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
2878:Richard Cottle and Henry Binneman. p. 501.
1870:(in French). Paris: Asselin. 1877. p. 332.
4814:"Real-time influenza tracking with 'big data'"
2146:
2144:
2142:
1980:. Cambridge, England: Oxford University Press.
6870:
5775:
4952:
3405:"History and evolution of influenza vaccines"
665:, more specifically the coasts of modern-day
8:
4838:Lazer, David; Kennedy, Ryan (October 2015).
4140:"Pandemic influenza threat and preparedness"
2889:
2887:
2885:
2696:. Philadelphia: W. B. Saunders. p. 543.
1969:
1967:
1965:
1963:
1961:
1959:
1957:
633:), as well as Italy. In May, it appeared in
208:
3562:"Global influenza virological surveillance"
3403:P. CROVARI; M. ALBERTI; C. ALICINO (2011).
2909:
2907:
2905:
2726:"2,500-year evolution of the term epidemic"
2619:"Pandemic influenza: certain uncertainties"
2586:
2584:
2582:
2580:
2533:The Journal of English and German Philology
2335:
2333:
2271:History and Philosophy of the Life Sciences
625:; in April, it was in England (London) and
584:other parts of France. The Netherlands and
7589:
7369:
7134:Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy
7104:
6877:
6863:
6855:
6706:
6460:
6446:
6251:
6114:
5814:
5782:
5768:
5760:
5612:
5518:
5395:
5366:
5264:
5207:
4959:
4945:
4937:
3853:Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
3409:Journal of Preventive Medicine and Hygiene
3306:"A virus obtained from influenza patients"
3304:Smith, W; Andrewes CH; Laidlaw PP (1933).
2963:
2961:
2959:
2957:
2955:
2713:. Cincinnati: J.C. Culbertson. p. 52.
2578:
2576:
2574:
2572:
2570:
2568:
2566:
2564:
2562:
2560:
2238:The Flu Pandemic and You: A Canadian Guide
2124:
2122:
2120:
2118:
2116:
2114:
2112:
2110:
2108:
2106:
2104:
2102:
2100:
2098:
2096:
2094:
2092:
2090:
2088:
2086:
2084:
1997:. Cambridge University Press. p. 71.
554:and Paris in January 1733, as well as the
239:
52:
25:, briefly describing major events such as
7005:Extranodal NK/T-cell lymphoma, nasal type
6382:Combined pulmonary fibrosis and emphysema
4584:
4493:
4444:
4288:Whitehouse.gov Retrieved 26 October 2006.
4163:
4114:
3943:
3792:
3321:
3214:
3127:
3117:
2848:
2823:Taubenberger, J.K.; Morens, D.M. (2009).
2749:
2650:
2411:
2313:
2082:
2080:
2078:
2076:
2074:
2072:
2070:
2068:
2066:
2064:
2044:
863:. The flu traveled unchecked eastward to
677:regions. Influenza was later reported in
4279:National Strategy for Pandemic Influenza
2931:
2929:
2927:
2724:Martin, P; Martin-Granel E (June 2006).
7873:
6406:Allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis
2987:
2985:
2983:
2981:
2462:(in French). Foppens. pp. 287–288.
2235:Lam, Vincent; Lee, Colin (2009-11-17).
2172:
2170:
2168:
2166:
2164:
2162:
1738:
550:, in December as well. It prevailed in
475:in March, when it was also reported in
2612:
2610:
2476:Traité de médecine et de thérapeutique
1829:Vaughan, M.D., Warren T. (July 1921).
5749:US influenza statistics by flu season
3068:"FLU-LAB-NET - About Avian Influenza"
2707:Culbertson, M.D., J. C., ed. (1890).
2492:"GRIPPE - IV. Histoire et Literature"
2433:
2431:
1804:
1802:
7:
4708:"Avian and other zoonotic influenza"
1879:
1877:
1860:
1858:
1831:"Influenza - An Epidemiologic Study"
1824:
1822:
7155:Subacute sclerosing panencephalitis
6839:Idiopathic pulmonary haemosiderosis
4232:"Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza"
3440:. Jones & Bartlett Publishers.
2942:Boston Medical and Surgical Journal
2898:(in German). Munich: J. F. Lehmann.
2547:Reynolds, Sir John Russell (1880).
455:in September; it spread throughout
6428:Vaping-associated pulmonary injury
5791:Diseases of the respiratory system
5744:2017–2018 United States flu season
4538:"How vaccines became big business"
4212:. Pan American Health Organization
3781:The Journal of Infectious Diseases
3434:Turnock, Bernard J. (2015-07-15).
3017:. Special Issue: Avian Influenza.
2995:Medical inquiries and observations
2693:Encyclopedia of Practical Medicine
2456:Louis, X. I. I.; Godefroy (1712).
875:" for the uncensored reporting in
37:, discoveries and developments of
14:
7474:Severe acute respiratory syndrome
7000:Follicular dendritic cell sarcoma
5483:Live attenuated influenza vaccine
3926:Guo, YJ; Xu, XY; Cox, NJ (1992).
3817:"Timeline of Human Flu Pandemics"
3506:"Influenza Immunization Campaign"
2974:. Hartford: Hudson & Goodwin.
1783:(WHO). March 2003. Archived from
1757:from the original on 17 June 2009
1020:Organization (Research institute)
339:. The illness was referred to as
165:Full timeline: Hippocrates – 2017
7888:
7876:
7460:Middle East respiratory syndrome
4674:from the original on 2022-05-07.
4398:10.1111/j.1751-0813.2011.00721.x
3216:10.1046/j.1365-2672.2001.01492.x
3173:"The Influenza Pandemic of 1918"
3011:"The history of avian influenza"
2773:A. Mir, Shakil (December 2009).
2438:Blyth, Alexander Wynter (1876).
2396:"Influenza: old and new threats"
2315:10.1046/j.1365-2672.2001.01492.x
2153:Influenza: The Last Great Plague
2046:10.1046/j.1365-2672.2001.01492.x
1950:. National Academies Press (US).
1815:. Sydenham Society. p. 101.
913:Shope and his team discover the
447:Influenza broke out suddenly in
129:is recorded for the first time.
3932:The Journal of General Virology
3203:Journal of Applied Microbiology
2936:Green, C. (13 September 1843).
2302:Journal of Applied Microbiology
1991:Rappaport, Steve (2002-04-04).
1884:Pease, Franklin; Damas (1999).
1835:The American Journal of Hygiene
1599:University of Wisconsin–Madison
7059:Adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma
7045:Splenic marginal zone lymphoma
6844:Pulmonary alveolar proteinosis
4610:The Lancet Infectious Diseases
2676:Annaes das sciencias e lettras
2345:. Springer. 2014. p. 61.
2027:Potter, C. W. (October 2001).
1581:Scientific project/controversy
762:, and was observed as well in
175:influenza A virus subtype H2N2
1:
6418:Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis
5541:Russian flu (1889–1890)
4622:10.1016/s1473-3099(11)70295-x
4386:Australian Veterinary Journal
4351:. Influenza Research Database
4190:. Influenza Research Database
3907:. Influenza Research Database
3659:Latin American Herald Tribune
3655:"Epidemics Of Chinese Origin"
3622:Australian Historical Studies
3474:Green Health: An A-to-Z Guide
3323:10.1016/S0140-6736(00)78541-2
1809:Thompson, Theophilus (1852).
463:in October and December, and
7264:Tropical spastic paraparesis
7169:Lymphocytic choriomeningitis
6401:Respiratory hypersensitivity
6339:Hypersensitivity pneumonitis
4035:10.1637/0005-2086-47.s3.1099
3997:"History of Avian Influenza"
3747:"Avian Influenza (Bird Flu)"
3538:. 2014-05-16. Archived from
2710:The Cincinnati Lancet-clinic
2208:"History of Avian Influenza"
2151:Beveridge, W. I. B. (1977).
758:and neighboring counties in
7627:Cytomegalovirus esophagitis
7547:Human parainfluenza viruses
7220:Ramsay Hunt syndrome type 2
6310:Coalworker's pneumoconiosis
4784:"Avian influenza A (H10N8)"
4470:"When Google got flu wrong"
3027:10.1016/j.cimid.2008.01.004
2623:Reviews in Medical Virology
2513:Creighton, Charles (1891).
1974:Creighton, Charles (1894).
1911:Creighton, Charles (1891).
707:Royal College of Physicians
7937:
6163:Acute exacerbation of COPD
5316:Transmission and infection
4262:"Does the Vaccine Matter?"
3945:10.1099/0022-1317-73-2-383
3197:Potter CW (October 2001).
2998:. Philadelphia: T. Dobson.
2920:. Berlin: T. C. F. Enslin.
2296:Potter CW (October 2001).
1330:
7291:Cytomegalovirus retinitis
5596:Central Luzon H5N6 (2017)
5536:Influenza pandemic (1557)
5531:Influenza pandemic (1510)
4138:Fauci AS (January 2006).
3634:10.1080/10314619408595959
3616:Strahan, Lachlan (1994).
1781:World Health Organization
1751:World Health Organization
1728:Timeline of global health
562:was visited in February.
459:in October and November,
209:
7393:Infectious mononucleosis
7210:Chandipura vesiculovirus
7040:Hepatocellular carcinoma
6985:Nasopharyngeal carcinoma
6918:Hepatocellular carcinoma
6226:Diffuse panbronchiolitis
6219:Bronchiolitis obliterans
6085:Laryngotracheal stenosis
6032:Laryngopharyngeal reflux
6010:Laryngopharyngeal reflux
5968:Laryngopharyngeal reflux
5896:Nasal septum perforation
5638:2007 Australian outbreak
3536:"Global Health Timeline"
3199:"A History of Influenza"
3092:Valleron, A.-J. (2010).
2530:Karsten, Gustaf (1920).
2298:"A History of Influenza"
2029:"A history of influenza"
1747:"WHO Europe – Influenza"
97:spread from Asia to the
7189:Encephalitis lethargica
6890:viral systemic diseases
5974:Retropharyngeal abscess
5425:Neuraminidase inhibitor
4468:Butler, Declan (2013).
4437:10.1093/database/baq004
4329:. U.S. State Department
3119:10.1073/pnas.1000886107
2490:Delorme, Raige (1837).
1777:"Influenza: Fact sheet"
343:by some contemporaries.
95:1557 influenza pandemic
77:1510 influenza pandemic
64:Before the 16th century
7561:Human orthopneumovirus
7215:Herpesviral meningitis
7176:Arbovirus encephalitis
6667:Pulmonary hypertension
6396:Eosinophilic pneumonia
6048:Vocal cord dysfunction
5891:Nasal septum deviation
5739:Influenza-like illness
5408:Adamantane derivatives
4870:datacollaboratives.org
4156:10.3201/eid1201.050983
3849:"Pandemic Flu History"
2894:Ripperger, A. (1892).
2841:10.20506/rst.28.1.1879
2775:"History of Swine Flu"
2742:10.3201/eid1206.051263
2394:Palese, Peter (2004).
1947:The Story of Influenza
1703:Scientific development
1591:Erasmus Medical Center
1569:Scientific development
1513:Scientific development
910:Scientific development
890:Scientific development
840:Scientific development
810:First descriptions of
807:Scientific development
252:Geographical location
189:
181:
7019:Merkel-cell carcinoma
6794:Mediastinal emphysema
6573:Healthcare-associated
6503:Legionnaires' disease
5929:Peritonsillar abscess
5901:Nasal septal hematoma
5589:1989–1990 UK outbreak
5551:Asian flu (1957-1958)
4557:Nature Communications
4029:(3 Suppl): 1099–103.
3596:historyofvaccines.org
3592:"Influenza Pandemics"
3477:. SAGE Publications.
2914:Schweich, H. (1836).
1333:Global spread of H5N1
187:
172:
7664:Adenovirus infection
7128:Human polyomavirus 2
6957:Oropharyngeal cancer
6541:Mendelson's syndrome
6413:Hamman–Rich syndrome
5556:Hong Kong flu (1968)
5348:Pandemic preparation
4794:on February 21, 2014
4144:Emerging Infect. Dis
3265:Shimizu, K. (1997).
2968:Webster, N. (1799).
2591:Finkler, D. (1898).
2241:. Doubleday Canada.
2177:Pyle, G. F. (1986).
2155:. New York: Prodist.
231:, and commonly just
7250:Post-polio syndrome
6886:Infectious diseases
6814:Respiratory failure
6781:Mediastinal disease
6349:Bird fancier's lung
5924:Adenoid hypertrophy
4866:"Google Flu Trends"
4569:2014NatCo...5.4791K
4486:2013Natur.494..155B
3685:"Asian flu of 1957"
3469:Ogunseitan, Oladele
3110:2010PNAS..107.8778V
2872:Stow, John (1575).
2129:Hirsch, A. (1883).
1688:Medical development
1643:Medical development
1609:Medical development
1554:Non–human infection
1498:Non-human infection
1409:Non–human infection
1242:Medical development
1212:Non–human infection
1197:Medical development
1185:Medical development
1150:Non–human infection
1090:Non–human infection
1075:Non–human infection
1060:Non–human infection
1045:Non–human infection
1000:(serves worldwide)
957:Medical development
945:Medical development
930:Medical development
681:in December and in
263:Medical development
146:1945 – 21st century
101:, then Europe, the
7921:Disaster timelines
7916:Medicine timelines
7383:Epstein–Barr virus
7353:Respiratory system
6990:Burkitt's lymphoma
6719:Pleuritis/pleurisy
6672:Pulmonary embolism
6568:Community-acquired
6493:Atypical bacterial
6392:Löffler's syndrome
6173:Status asthmaticus
6158:Chronic bronchitis
6043:Vocal fold paresis
5857:Vasomotor rhinitis
5546:Spanish flu (1918)
5465:Baloxavir marboxil
5290:West Bengal (2008)
5225:1977 (Russian flu)
5220:1918 (Spanish flu)
4577:10.1038/ncomms5791
4284:2009-02-21 at the
4242:on 20 October 2010
3665:on 25 October 2020
3516:on 2 February 2017
3072:science.vla.gov.uk
2033:J. Appl. Microbiol
1753:(WHO). June 2009.
589:Rome and 5,000 in
406:influenza pandemic
377:influenza pandemic
190:
182:
7864:
7863:
7826:
7825:
7577:
7576:
7508:Influenza virus A
7425:Human coronavirus
7315:
7314:
7305:Herpes of the eye
6852:
6851:
6802:
6801:
6759:Empyema/pyothorax
6691:
6690:
6687:
6686:
6645:
6644:
6578:Hospital-acquired
6436:
6435:
6300:Caplan's syndrome
6093:
6092:
6038:Vocal fold nodule
5862:Atrophic rhinitis
5757:
5756:
5674:
5673:
5604:
5603:
5584:Fujian flu (H3N2)
5506:
5505:
5385:
5384:
5356:
5355:
5311:Genetic structure
5254:
5253:
5058:Influenza A virus
4997:Genome sequencing
4895:digitaltrends.com
4480:(7436): 155–156.
3879:vaccineshoppe.com
3753:on 12 August 2016
3572:on March 28, 2014
3277:(10): 2505–2511.
3104:(19): 8778–8781.
2992:Rush, B. (1793).
2004:978-0-521-89221-6
1897:978-92-3-303151-7
1714:
1713:
915:Influenza A virus
898:Influenza A virus
483:, in March 1730.
162:
161:
87:, then engulfing
59:Key developments
7928:
7893:
7892:
7881:
7880:
7879:
7872:
7590:
7585:digestive system
7502:Orthomyxoviridae
7468:SARS coronavirus
7454:MERS coronavirus
7370:
7182:Orthomyxoviridae
7105:
7071:Immune disorders
6995:Hodgkin lymphoma
6971:Kaposi's sarcoma
6879:
6872:
6865:
6856:
6737:Pleural effusion
6730:Hemopneumothorax
6707:
6461:
6447:
6290:Bauxite fibrosis
6255:External agents/
6252:
6183:Exercise-induced
6139:Acute bronchitis
6115:
5815:
5784:
5777:
5770:
5761:
5688:Acute bronchitis
5613:
5566:Swine flu (2009)
5561:1977 Russian flu
5519:
5455:
5396:
5367:
5265:
5230:2009 (Swine flu)
5208:
5028:Orthomyxoviridae
4961:
4954:
4947:
4938:
4932:
4931:
4929:
4927:
4921:sciencedaily.com
4913:
4907:
4906:
4904:
4902:
4887:
4881:
4880:
4878:
4876:
4862:
4856:
4855:
4853:
4851:
4835:
4829:
4828:
4826:
4824:
4810:
4804:
4803:
4801:
4799:
4790:. Archived from
4780:
4774:
4773:
4771:
4769:
4755:
4749:
4748:
4746:
4744:
4729:
4723:
4722:
4720:
4718:
4704:
4698:
4697:
4695:
4693:
4682:
4676:
4675:
4665:
4658:
4652:
4651:
4640:
4634:
4633:
4605:
4599:
4598:
4588:
4548:
4542:
4541:
4534:
4528:
4527:
4526:. 27 April 2009.
4514:
4508:
4507:
4497:
4465:
4459:
4458:
4448:
4416:
4410:
4409:
4381:
4375:
4374:
4367:
4361:
4360:
4358:
4356:
4345:
4339:
4338:
4336:
4334:
4323:
4317:
4316:
4314:
4312:
4303:
4295:
4289:
4276:
4270:
4258:
4252:
4251:
4249:
4247:
4238:. Archived from
4228:
4222:
4221:
4219:
4217:
4206:
4200:
4199:
4197:
4195:
4184:
4178:
4177:
4167:
4135:
4129:
4128:
4118:
4094:
4088:
4087:
4085:
4083:
4061:
4055:
4054:
4018:
4012:
4011:
4009:
4007:
3993:
3987:
3986:
3984:
3982:
3972:
3964:
3958:
3957:
3947:
3923:
3917:
3916:
3914:
3912:
3901:
3895:
3894:
3892:
3890:
3881:. Archived from
3871:
3865:
3864:
3862:
3860:
3845:
3832:
3831:
3829:
3827:
3813:
3807:
3806:
3796:
3769:
3763:
3762:
3760:
3758:
3743:
3737:
3736:
3734:
3732:
3727:on March 7, 2004
3723:. Archived from
3713:
3700:
3699:
3697:
3695:
3681:
3675:
3674:
3672:
3670:
3661:. Archived from
3651:
3645:
3644:
3642:
3640:
3628:(103): 182–201.
3613:
3607:
3606:
3604:
3602:
3588:
3582:
3581:
3579:
3577:
3568:. Archived from
3558:
3552:
3551:
3549:
3547:
3532:
3526:
3525:
3523:
3521:
3512:. Archived from
3502:
3496:
3495:
3493:
3491:
3465:
3459:
3458:
3456:
3454:
3431:
3425:
3424:
3400:
3394:
3393:
3391:
3389:
3375:
3369:
3368:
3366:
3364:
3350:
3337:
3334:
3328:
3327:
3325:
3301:
3295:
3294:
3262:
3256:
3255:
3246:(10): 2505–201.
3235:
3229:
3228:
3218:
3194:
3188:
3187:
3185:
3183:
3169:
3163:
3162:
3161:
3160:
3148:
3142:
3141:
3131:
3121:
3089:
3083:
3082:
3080:
3078:
3064:
3055:
3054:
3006:
3000:
2999:
2989:
2976:
2975:
2965:
2950:
2949:
2933:
2922:
2921:
2911:
2900:
2899:
2891:
2880:
2879:
2869:
2863:
2862:
2852:
2820:
2787:
2786:
2770:
2764:
2763:
2753:
2730:Emerg Infect Dis
2721:
2715:
2714:
2704:
2698:
2697:
2687:
2681:
2680:
2671:
2665:
2664:
2654:
2614:
2605:
2604:
2588:
2555:
2554:
2544:
2538:
2537:
2527:
2521:
2520:
2510:
2504:
2503:
2487:
2481:
2480:
2470:
2464:
2463:
2453:
2447:
2446:
2435:
2426:
2425:
2415:
2406:(12s): S82–S87.
2391:
2385:
2384:
2382:
2380:
2371:
2363:
2357:
2356:
2337:
2328:
2327:
2317:
2293:
2287:
2286:
2266:
2260:
2259:
2257:
2255:
2232:
2223:
2222:
2220:
2218:
2204:
2195:
2194:
2174:
2157:
2156:
2148:
2137:
2136:
2126:
2059:
2058:
2048:
2024:
2009:
2008:
1988:
1982:
1981:
1971:
1952:
1951:
1941:
1935:
1934:
1925:
1919:
1918:
1908:
1902:
1901:
1881:
1872:
1871:
1862:
1853:
1852:
1826:
1817:
1816:
1806:
1797:
1796:
1794:
1792:
1773:
1767:
1766:
1764:
1762:
1743:
240:
212:
211:
53:
7936:
7935:
7931:
7930:
7929:
7927:
7926:
7925:
7901:
7900:
7899:
7887:
7877:
7875:
7867:
7865:
7860:
7822:
7802:
7710:
7684:Gastroenteritis
7642:
7639:Gastroenteritis
7633:
7621:Cytomegalovirus
7584:
7573:
7541:Paramyxoviridae
7530:Avian influenza
7406:
7401:Cytomegalovirus
7365:viral pneumonia
7363:
7360:nasopharyngitis
7359:
7356:
7347:
7311:
7285:Cytomegalovirus
7270:
7224:
7112:
7099:
7092:
7065:
6932:Cervical cancer
6892:
6883:
6853:
6848:
6798:
6775:
6711:Pleural disease
6700:
6683:
6641:
6603:
6587:By distribution
6582:
6561:By vector/route
6556:
6454:
6442:
6432:
6387:Pulmonary edema
6365:
6260:
6256:
6243:
6239:
6230:
6195:Cystic fibrosis
6122:
6106:
6102:
6089:
5933:
5807:
5801:
5793:
5788:
5758:
5753:
5727:
5670:
5649:
5600:
5570:
5515:
5513:
5502:
5469:
5453:
5400:Antiviral drugs
5381:
5352:
5338:Human mortality
5331:clinical trials
5299:
5250:
5234:
5197:
5061:
5059:
5052:
5016:
4970:
4965:
4935:
4925:
4923:
4915:
4914:
4910:
4900:
4898:
4897:. February 2017
4889:
4888:
4884:
4874:
4872:
4864:
4863:
4859:
4849:
4847:
4837:
4836:
4832:
4822:
4820:
4812:
4811:
4807:
4797:
4795:
4782:
4781:
4777:
4767:
4765:
4757:
4756:
4752:
4742:
4740:
4739:. 17 March 2014
4731:
4730:
4726:
4716:
4714:
4706:
4705:
4701:
4691:
4689:
4684:
4683:
4679:
4668:The Independent
4660:
4659:
4655:
4650:. 11 June 2014.
4642:
4641:
4637:
4607:
4606:
4602:
4550:
4549:
4545:
4536:
4535:
4531:
4523:TheGuardian.com
4516:
4515:
4511:
4495:10.1038/494155a
4467:
4466:
4462:
4418:
4417:
4413:
4383:
4382:
4378:
4369:
4368:
4364:
4354:
4352:
4347:
4346:
4342:
4332:
4330:
4325:
4324:
4320:
4310:
4308:
4301:
4297:
4296:
4292:
4286:Wayback Machine
4277:
4273:
4259:
4255:
4245:
4243:
4230:
4229:
4225:
4215:
4213:
4208:
4207:
4203:
4193:
4191:
4186:
4185:
4181:
4137:
4136:
4132:
4109:(12): 2088–95.
4096:
4095:
4091:
4081:
4079:
4077:
4063:
4062:
4058:
4020:
4019:
4015:
4005:
4003:
3995:
3994:
3990:
3980:
3978:
3970:
3966:
3965:
3961:
3925:
3924:
3920:
3910:
3908:
3903:
3902:
3898:
3888:
3886:
3885:on 10 June 2015
3873:
3872:
3868:
3858:
3856:
3847:
3846:
3835:
3825:
3823:
3815:
3814:
3810:
3771:
3770:
3766:
3756:
3754:
3745:
3744:
3740:
3730:
3728:
3715:
3714:
3703:
3693:
3691:
3683:
3682:
3678:
3668:
3666:
3653:
3652:
3648:
3638:
3636:
3615:
3614:
3610:
3600:
3598:
3590:
3589:
3585:
3575:
3573:
3560:
3559:
3555:
3545:
3543:
3534:
3533:
3529:
3519:
3517:
3504:
3503:
3499:
3489:
3487:
3485:
3467:
3466:
3462:
3452:
3450:
3448:
3433:
3432:
3428:
3402:
3401:
3397:
3387:
3385:
3377:
3376:
3372:
3362:
3360:
3352:
3351:
3340:
3335:
3331:
3316:(5732): 66–68.
3303:
3302:
3298:
3264:
3263:
3259:
3237:
3236:
3232:
3196:
3195:
3191:
3181:
3179:
3171:
3170:
3166:
3158:
3156:
3150:
3149:
3145:
3091:
3090:
3086:
3076:
3074:
3066:
3065:
3058:
3008:
3007:
3003:
2991:
2990:
2979:
2967:
2966:
2953:
2935:
2934:
2925:
2913:
2912:
2903:
2893:
2892:
2883:
2871:
2870:
2866:
2822:
2821:
2790:
2772:
2771:
2767:
2723:
2722:
2718:
2706:
2705:
2701:
2689:
2688:
2684:
2673:
2672:
2668:
2635:10.1002/rmv.689
2616:
2615:
2608:
2590:
2589:
2558:
2546:
2545:
2541:
2529:
2528:
2524:
2512:
2511:
2507:
2489:
2488:
2484:
2472:
2471:
2467:
2455:
2454:
2450:
2437:
2436:
2429:
2400:Nature Medicine
2393:
2392:
2388:
2378:
2376:
2369:
2365:
2364:
2360:
2353:
2339:
2338:
2331:
2295:
2294:
2290:
2268:
2267:
2263:
2253:
2251:
2249:
2234:
2233:
2226:
2216:
2214:
2206:
2205:
2198:
2191:
2176:
2175:
2160:
2150:
2149:
2140:
2128:
2127:
2062:
2026:
2025:
2012:
2005:
1990:
1989:
1985:
1973:
1972:
1955:
1943:
1942:
1938:
1927:
1926:
1922:
1910:
1909:
1905:
1898:
1883:
1882:
1875:
1864:
1863:
1856:
1849:
1828:
1827:
1820:
1808:
1807:
1800:
1790:
1788:
1775:
1774:
1770:
1760:
1758:
1745:
1744:
1740:
1736:
1719:
1335:
812:avian influenza
544:Isle of Bourbon
203:the new disease
167:
127:Avian influenza
51:
12:
11:
5:
7934:
7932:
7924:
7923:
7918:
7913:
7903:
7902:
7898:
7897:
7885:
7862:
7861:
7859:
7858:
7857:
7856:
7844:
7836:
7834:
7828:
7827:
7824:
7823:
7821:
7820:
7812:
7810:
7804:
7803:
7801:
7800:
7788:
7776:
7764:
7752:
7745:
7739:
7738:
7726:
7720:
7718:
7712:
7711:
7709:
7708:
7701:
7694:
7687:
7675:
7669:
7668:
7667:
7666:
7654:
7648:
7646:
7635:
7634:
7632:
7631:
7630:
7629:
7617:
7616:
7615:
7602:
7600:
7587:
7579:
7578:
7575:
7574:
7572:
7571:
7564:
7557:
7556:
7555:
7535:
7534:
7533:
7532:
7493:
7492:
7491:
7490:
7478:
7477:
7476:
7464:
7463:
7462:
7450:
7449:
7448:
7416:
7414:
7408:
7407:
7405:
7404:
7397:
7396:
7395:
7378:
7376:
7367:
7349:
7348:
7346:
7345:
7344:
7343:
7338:
7325:
7323:
7321:Cardiovascular
7317:
7316:
7313:
7312:
7310:
7309:
7308:
7307:
7295:
7294:
7293:
7280:
7278:
7272:
7271:
7269:
7268:
7267:
7266:
7254:
7253:
7252:
7247:
7234:
7232:
7226:
7225:
7223:
7222:
7217:
7212:
7207:
7206:
7205:
7193:
7192:
7191:
7178:
7173:
7172:
7171:
7159:
7158:
7157:
7145:
7139:
7138:
7137:
7136:
7124:
7118:
7116:
7102:
7100:nervous system
7094:
7093:
7091:
7090:
7089:
7088:
7075:
7073:
7067:
7066:
7064:
7063:
7062:
7061:
7049:
7048:
7047:
7042:
7030:
7024:
7023:
7022:
7021:
7009:
7008:
7007:
7002:
6997:
6992:
6987:
6975:
6974:
6973:
6961:
6960:
6959:
6954:
6952:Vaginal cancer
6949:
6944:
6939:
6934:
6922:
6921:
6920:
6908:
6902:
6900:
6894:
6893:
6884:
6882:
6881:
6874:
6867:
6859:
6850:
6849:
6847:
6846:
6841:
6836:
6831:
6826:
6821:
6816:
6810:
6808:
6804:
6803:
6800:
6799:
6797:
6796:
6791:
6785:
6783:
6777:
6776:
6774:
6773:
6767:
6766:
6761:
6756:
6751:
6746:
6741:
6739:
6733:
6732:
6722:
6721:
6715:
6713:
6704:
6697:Pleural cavity
6693:
6692:
6689:
6688:
6685:
6684:
6682:
6681:
6676:
6675:
6674:
6669:
6659:
6653:
6651:
6647:
6646:
6643:
6642:
6640:
6639:
6634:
6629:
6624:
6619:
6613:
6611:
6605:
6604:
6602:
6601:
6596:
6590:
6588:
6584:
6583:
6581:
6580:
6575:
6570:
6564:
6562:
6558:
6557:
6555:
6554:
6553:
6552:
6543:
6529:
6524:
6523:
6522:
6512:
6511:
6510:
6505:
6500:
6490:
6489:
6488:
6483:
6473:
6467:
6465:
6458:
6444:
6438:
6437:
6434:
6433:
6431:
6430:
6425:
6420:
6415:
6410:
6409:
6408:
6398:
6389:
6384:
6379:
6373:
6371:
6367:
6366:
6364:
6363:
6362:
6361:
6359:Lycoperdonosis
6356:
6351:
6346:
6335:
6334:
6333:
6332:
6327:
6322:
6317:
6312:
6307:
6302:
6297:
6292:
6287:
6282:
6277:
6270:Pneumoconiosis
6266:
6264:
6249:
6232:
6231:
6229:
6228:
6223:
6222:
6221:
6211:
6206:
6204:
6198:
6197:
6192:
6190:Bronchiectasis
6187:
6186:
6185:
6180:
6175:
6166:
6160:
6150:
6148:
6142:
6141:
6136:
6134:
6128:
6126:
6112:
6095:
6094:
6091:
6090:
6088:
6087:
6082:
6077:
6075:
6067:
6066:
6061:
6059:
6051:
6050:
6045:
6040:
6035:
6029:
6027:
6019:
6018:
6013:
6007:
6002:
6000:Laryngeal cyst
5997:
5995:Laryngomalacia
5992:
5987:
5985:
5977:
5976:
5971:
5965:
5964:
5963:
5953:
5951:
5943:
5941:
5935:
5934:
5932:
5931:
5926:
5921:
5916:
5914:
5906:
5905:
5904:
5903:
5898:
5893:
5881:
5876:
5871:
5870:
5869:
5864:
5859:
5849:
5847:
5839:
5838:
5833:
5831:
5823:
5821:
5812:
5795:
5794:
5789:
5787:
5786:
5779:
5772:
5764:
5755:
5754:
5752:
5751:
5746:
5741:
5735:
5733:
5732:Related topics
5729:
5728:
5726:
5725:
5720:
5715:
5710:
5705:
5700:
5695:
5690:
5684:
5682:
5676:
5675:
5672:
5671:
5669:
5668:
5663:
5657:
5655:
5651:
5650:
5648:
5647:
5642:
5641:
5640:
5630:
5625:
5619:
5617:
5610:
5606:
5605:
5602:
5601:
5599:
5598:
5593:
5592:
5591:
5580:
5578:
5572:
5571:
5569:
5568:
5563:
5558:
5553:
5548:
5543:
5538:
5533:
5527:
5525:
5516:
5511:
5508:
5507:
5504:
5503:
5501:
5500:
5495:
5490:
5485:
5479:
5477:
5471:
5470:
5468:
5467:
5462:
5457:
5454:(experimental)
5449:
5448:
5447:
5442:
5437:
5432:
5422:
5421:
5420:
5415:
5404:
5402:
5393:
5387:
5386:
5383:
5382:
5380:
5379:
5373:
5371:
5364:
5358:
5357:
5354:
5353:
5351:
5350:
5345:
5340:
5335:
5334:
5333:
5323:
5318:
5313:
5307:
5305:
5301:
5300:
5298:
5297:
5295:2020s outbreak
5292:
5287:
5282:
5277:
5275:Croatia (2005)
5271:
5269:
5262:
5256:
5255:
5252:
5251:
5249:
5248:
5242:
5240:
5236:
5235:
5233:
5232:
5227:
5222:
5216:
5214:
5205:
5199:
5198:
5196:
5195:
5190:
5185:
5180:
5175:
5170:
5165:
5160:
5155:
5150:
5145:
5140:
5135:
5130:
5125:
5120:
5115:
5110:
5105:
5100:
5095:
5090:
5085:
5080:
5075:
5070:
5064:
5062:
5057:
5054:
5053:
5051:
5050:
5045:
5040:
5035:
5030:
5024:
5022:
5018:
5017:
5015:
5014:
5009:
5007:Superinfection
5004:
4999:
4994:
4989:
4984:
4978:
4976:
4975:General topics
4972:
4971:
4966:
4964:
4963:
4956:
4949:
4941:
4934:
4933:
4908:
4882:
4857:
4830:
4818:eurekalert.org
4805:
4775:
4750:
4724:
4699:
4677:
4670:. 2014-06-30.
4653:
4635:
4600:
4543:
4529:
4509:
4460:
4411:
4376:
4362:
4340:
4318:
4290:
4271:
4253:
4223:
4201:
4179:
4130:
4116:10.1086/425583
4089:
4075:
4056:
4013:
3988:
3959:
3918:
3896:
3866:
3833:
3808:
3794:10.1086/431150
3787:(2): 233–248.
3773:Viboud, Cécile
3764:
3738:
3701:
3689:britannica.com
3676:
3646:
3608:
3583:
3553:
3527:
3497:
3483:
3471:(2011-05-03).
3460:
3446:
3426:
3395:
3370:
3338:
3329:
3296:
3257:
3230:
3209:(4): 572–579.
3189:
3164:
3143:
3084:
3056:
3021:(4): 311–323.
3001:
2977:
2951:
2923:
2901:
2881:
2864:
2835:(1): 187–202.
2788:
2765:
2716:
2699:
2682:
2666:
2629:(5): 262–284.
2606:
2556:
2539:
2522:
2505:
2482:
2465:
2448:
2427:
2413:10.1038/nm1141
2386:
2358:
2351:
2329:
2308:(4): 572–579.
2288:
2277:(2): 223–234.
2261:
2247:
2224:
2196:
2189:
2158:
2138:
2060:
2010:
2003:
1983:
1953:
1936:
1920:
1903:
1896:
1873:
1854:
1847:
1818:
1798:
1768:
1737:
1735:
1732:
1731:
1730:
1725:
1718:
1715:
1712:
1711:
1706:
1704:
1701:
1697:
1696:
1691:
1689:
1686:
1682:
1681:
1676:
1674:
1671:
1667:
1666:
1661:
1659:
1656:
1652:
1651:
1646:
1644:
1641:
1637:
1636:
1627:
1625:
1622:
1618:
1617:
1612:
1610:
1607:
1603:
1602:
1584:
1582:
1579:
1575:
1574:
1572:
1570:
1567:
1563:
1562:
1557:
1555:
1552:
1548:
1547:
1544:
1542:
1539:
1535:
1534:
1529:
1527:
1526:Service launch
1524:
1520:
1519:
1516:
1514:
1511:
1507:
1506:
1501:
1499:
1496:
1492:
1491:
1481:
1479:
1476:
1472:
1471:
1462:
1460:
1457:
1453:
1452:
1442:
1440:
1437:
1433:
1432:
1427:
1425:
1422:
1418:
1417:
1412:
1410:
1407:
1403:
1402:
1397:
1395:
1392:
1388:
1387:
1382:
1380:
1377:
1373:
1372:
1370:
1368:
1365:
1361:
1360:
1355:
1353:
1350:
1346:
1345:
1343:Southeast Asia
1336:
1328:
1325:
1321:
1320:
1315:
1313:
1310:
1306:
1305:
1295:
1293:
1290:
1286:
1285:
1280:
1278:
1275:
1271:
1270:
1260:
1258:
1255:
1251:
1250:
1245:
1243:
1240:
1236:
1235:
1230:
1228:
1225:
1221:
1220:
1215:
1213:
1210:
1206:
1205:
1200:
1198:
1195:
1191:
1190:
1188:
1186:
1183:
1179:
1178:
1168:
1166:
1163:
1159:
1158:
1153:
1151:
1148:
1144:
1143:
1133:
1131:
1128:
1124:
1123:
1121:
1119:
1118:Program launch
1116:
1112:
1111:
1108:
1106:
1103:
1099:
1098:
1093:
1091:
1088:
1084:
1083:
1081:United Kingdom
1078:
1076:
1073:
1069:
1068:
1063:
1061:
1058:
1054:
1053:
1051:United Kingdom
1048:
1046:
1043:
1039:
1038:
1035:
1033:
1030:
1026:
1025:
1023:
1021:
1018:
1014:
1013:
1011:
1009:
1006:
1002:
1001:
995:
993:
990:
986:
985:
975:
973:
970:
966:
965:
960:
958:
955:
951:
950:
948:
946:
943:
939:
938:
933:
931:
928:
924:
923:
921:United Kingdom
918:
911:
908:
904:
903:
901:
891:
888:
884:
883:
880:
853:
850:
846:
845:
843:
841:
838:
834:
833:
830:
828:
825:
821:
820:
815:
808:
805:
801:
800:
791:
789:
786:
782:
781:
772:
724:
721:
717:
716:
711:
679:St. Petersburg
663:Southeast Asia
659:
656:
652:
651:
642:
611:
608:
604:
603:
598:
581:
578:
574:
573:
564:
497:
494:
490:
489:
484:
445:
442:
438:
437:
428:
426:
423:
419:
418:
413:
410:Atlantic Ocean
402:
399:
395:
394:
385:
373:
370:
366:
365:
363:
357:
354:
350:
349:
344:
333:
330:
326:
325:
320:
316:
313:
309:
308:
303:
296:
294:
290:
289:
284:
281:
278:
274:
273:
271:
264:
261:
254:
253:
250:
247:
244:
166:
163:
160:
159:
155:
151:
150:
147:
143:
142:
135:
131:
130:
123:
119:
118:
115:
111:
110:
99:Ottoman Empire
73:
69:
68:
65:
61:
60:
57:
50:
47:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
7933:
7922:
7919:
7917:
7914:
7912:
7909:
7908:
7906:
7896:
7891:
7886:
7884:
7874:
7870:
7855:
7852:
7851:
7850:
7849:
7845:
7843:
7842:
7838:
7837:
7835:
7833:
7829:
7819:
7818:
7814:
7813:
7811:
7809:
7805:
7798:
7794:
7793:
7789:
7786:
7782:
7781:
7777:
7774:
7770:
7769:
7765:
7762:
7758:
7757:
7753:
7751:
7750:
7746:
7744:
7741:
7740:
7736:
7732:
7731:
7727:
7725:
7722:
7721:
7719:
7717:
7713:
7707:
7706:
7702:
7700:
7699:
7695:
7693:
7692:
7688:
7685:
7681:
7680:
7676:
7674:
7671:
7670:
7665:
7662:
7661:
7660:
7659:
7655:
7653:
7650:
7649:
7647:
7645:
7640:
7636:
7628:
7625:
7624:
7623:
7622:
7618:
7614:
7611:
7610:
7609:
7608:
7604:
7603:
7601:
7599:
7595:
7591:
7588:
7586:
7580:
7570:
7569:
7565:
7563:
7562:
7558:
7554:
7553:Parainfluenza
7551:
7550:
7549:
7548:
7543:
7542:
7537:
7536:
7531:
7527:
7524:
7523:
7522:
7521:
7517:
7513:
7509:
7504:
7503:
7498:
7495:
7494:
7489:
7486:
7485:
7484:
7483:
7479:
7475:
7472:
7471:
7470:
7469:
7465:
7461:
7458:
7457:
7456:
7455:
7451:
7447:
7444:
7443:
7442:
7441:
7437:
7433:
7429:
7426:
7421:
7418:
7417:
7415:
7413:
7409:
7403:
7402:
7398:
7394:
7390:
7389:EBV infection
7387:
7386:
7385:
7384:
7380:
7379:
7377:
7375:
7371:
7368:
7366:
7361:
7354:
7350:
7342:
7339:
7337:
7334:
7333:
7332:
7331:
7327:
7326:
7324:
7322:
7318:
7306:
7303:
7302:
7301:
7300:
7296:
7292:
7289:
7288:
7287:
7286:
7282:
7281:
7279:
7277:
7273:
7265:
7262:
7261:
7260:
7259:
7255:
7251:
7248:
7246:
7245:Poliomyelitis
7243:
7242:
7241:
7240:
7236:
7235:
7233:
7231:
7227:
7221:
7218:
7216:
7213:
7211:
7208:
7204:
7201:
7200:
7199:
7198:
7194:
7190:
7187:
7186:
7184:
7183:
7179:
7177:
7174:
7170:
7167:
7166:
7165:
7164:
7160:
7156:
7153:
7152:
7151:
7150:
7146:
7144:
7141:
7140:
7135:
7132:
7131:
7130:
7129:
7125:
7123:
7120:
7119:
7117:
7115:
7110:
7106:
7103:
7101:
7095:
7087:
7084:
7083:
7082:
7081:
7077:
7076:
7074:
7072:
7068:
7060:
7057:
7056:
7055:
7054:
7050:
7046:
7043:
7041:
7038:
7037:
7036:
7035:
7031:
7029:
7026:
7025:
7020:
7017:
7016:
7015:
7014:
7010:
7006:
7003:
7001:
6998:
6996:
6993:
6991:
6988:
6986:
6983:
6982:
6981:
6980:
6976:
6972:
6969:
6968:
6967:
6966:
6962:
6958:
6955:
6953:
6950:
6948:
6947:Vulvar cancer
6945:
6943:
6942:Penile cancer
6940:
6938:
6935:
6933:
6930:
6929:
6928:
6927:
6923:
6919:
6916:
6915:
6914:
6913:
6909:
6907:
6904:
6903:
6901:
6899:
6895:
6891:
6887:
6880:
6875:
6873:
6868:
6866:
6861:
6860:
6857:
6845:
6842:
6840:
6837:
6835:
6832:
6830:
6827:
6825:
6822:
6820:
6817:
6815:
6812:
6811:
6809:
6807:Other/general
6805:
6795:
6792:
6790:
6789:Mediastinitis
6787:
6786:
6784:
6782:
6778:
6772:
6769:
6768:
6765:
6762:
6760:
6757:
6755:
6752:
6750:
6747:
6745:
6742:
6740:
6738:
6735:
6734:
6731:
6727:
6724:
6723:
6720:
6717:
6716:
6714:
6712:
6708:
6705:
6703:
6698:
6694:
6680:
6677:
6673:
6670:
6668:
6665:
6664:
6663:
6660:
6658:
6655:
6654:
6652:
6648:
6638:
6635:
6633:
6630:
6628:
6625:
6623:
6620:
6618:
6615:
6614:
6612:
6610:
6606:
6600:
6597:
6595:
6592:
6591:
6589:
6585:
6579:
6576:
6574:
6571:
6569:
6566:
6565:
6563:
6559:
6551:
6547:
6544:
6542:
6538:
6535:
6534:
6533:
6532:noninfectious
6530:
6528:
6525:
6521:
6518:
6517:
6516:
6513:
6509:
6506:
6504:
6501:
6499:
6496:
6495:
6494:
6491:
6487:
6484:
6482:
6479:
6478:
6477:
6474:
6472:
6469:
6468:
6466:
6462:
6459:
6457:
6452:
6448:
6445:
6441:Obstructive /
6439:
6429:
6426:
6424:
6421:
6419:
6416:
6414:
6411:
6407:
6404:
6403:
6402:
6399:
6397:
6393:
6390:
6388:
6385:
6383:
6380:
6378:
6375:
6374:
6372:
6368:
6360:
6357:
6355:
6354:Farmer's lung
6352:
6350:
6347:
6345:
6342:
6341:
6340:
6337:
6336:
6331:
6328:
6326:
6323:
6321:
6318:
6316:
6313:
6311:
6308:
6306:
6303:
6301:
6298:
6296:
6293:
6291:
6288:
6286:
6283:
6281:
6278:
6276:
6273:
6272:
6271:
6268:
6267:
6265:
6263:
6259:
6253:
6250:
6247:
6242:
6237:
6233:
6227:
6224:
6220:
6217:
6216:
6215:
6214:Bronchiolitis
6212:
6210:
6207:
6205:
6203:
6200:
6199:
6196:
6193:
6191:
6188:
6184:
6181:
6179:
6176:
6174:
6170:
6167:
6164:
6161:
6159:
6156:
6155:
6154:
6151:
6149:
6147:
6144:
6143:
6140:
6137:
6135:
6133:
6130:
6129:
6127:
6125:
6120:
6116:
6113:
6110:
6105:
6100:
6096:
6086:
6083:
6081:
6078:
6076:
6074:
6073:
6069:
6068:
6065:
6062:
6060:
6058:
6057:
6053:
6052:
6049:
6046:
6044:
6041:
6039:
6036:
6033:
6030:
6028:
6026:
6025:
6021:
6020:
6017:
6014:
6011:
6008:
6006:
6003:
6001:
5998:
5996:
5993:
5991:
5988:
5986:
5984:
5983:
5979:
5978:
5975:
5972:
5969:
5966:
5962:
5959:
5958:
5957:
5954:
5952:
5950:
5949:
5945:
5944:
5942:
5940:
5936:
5930:
5927:
5925:
5922:
5920:
5917:
5915:
5913:
5912:
5908:
5907:
5902:
5899:
5897:
5894:
5892:
5889:
5888:
5887:
5886:
5882:
5880:
5877:
5875:
5872:
5868:
5865:
5863:
5860:
5858:
5855:
5854:
5853:
5850:
5848:
5846:
5845:
5841:
5840:
5837:
5834:
5832:
5830:
5829:
5825:
5824:
5822:
5820:
5816:
5813:
5810:
5805:
5800:
5796:
5792:
5785:
5780:
5778:
5773:
5771:
5766:
5765:
5762:
5750:
5747:
5745:
5742:
5740:
5737:
5736:
5734:
5730:
5724:
5721:
5719:
5716:
5714:
5711:
5709:
5706:
5704:
5701:
5699:
5696:
5694:
5693:Bronchiolitis
5691:
5689:
5686:
5685:
5683:
5681:
5680:Complications
5677:
5667:
5666:Fujian (H5N1)
5664:
5662:
5659:
5658:
5656:
5652:
5646:
5643:
5639:
5636:
5635:
5634:
5631:
5629:
5626:
5624:
5621:
5620:
5618:
5614:
5611:
5607:
5597:
5594:
5590:
5587:
5586:
5585:
5582:
5581:
5579:
5577:
5573:
5567:
5564:
5562:
5559:
5557:
5554:
5552:
5549:
5547:
5544:
5542:
5539:
5537:
5534:
5532:
5529:
5528:
5526:
5524:
5520:
5517:
5512:Pandemics and
5509:
5499:
5496:
5494:
5491:
5489:
5486:
5484:
5481:
5480:
5478:
5476:
5472:
5466:
5463:
5461:
5458:
5456:
5450:
5446:
5443:
5441:
5438:
5436:
5433:
5431:
5428:
5427:
5426:
5423:
5419:
5416:
5414:
5411:
5410:
5409:
5406:
5405:
5403:
5401:
5397:
5394:
5392:
5388:
5378:
5375:
5374:
5372:
5368:
5365:
5363:
5359:
5349:
5346:
5344:
5343:Social impact
5341:
5339:
5336:
5332:
5329:
5328:
5327:
5324:
5322:
5321:Global spread
5319:
5317:
5314:
5312:
5309:
5308:
5306:
5302:
5296:
5293:
5291:
5288:
5286:
5283:
5281:
5278:
5276:
5273:
5272:
5270:
5266:
5263:
5261:
5257:
5247:
5244:
5243:
5241:
5237:
5231:
5228:
5226:
5223:
5221:
5218:
5217:
5215:
5213:
5209:
5206:
5204:
5200:
5194:
5191:
5189:
5186:
5184:
5181:
5179:
5176:
5174:
5171:
5169:
5166:
5164:
5161:
5159:
5156:
5154:
5151:
5149:
5146:
5144:
5141:
5139:
5136:
5134:
5131:
5129:
5126:
5124:
5121:
5119:
5116:
5114:
5111:
5109:
5106:
5104:
5101:
5099:
5096:
5094:
5091:
5089:
5086:
5084:
5081:
5079:
5076:
5074:
5071:
5069:
5066:
5065:
5063:
5055:
5049:
5046:
5044:
5041:
5039:
5036:
5034:
5031:
5029:
5026:
5025:
5023:
5019:
5013:
5010:
5008:
5005:
5003:
5000:
4998:
4995:
4993:
4990:
4988:
4985:
4983:
4980:
4979:
4977:
4973:
4969:
4962:
4957:
4955:
4950:
4948:
4943:
4942:
4939:
4922:
4918:
4912:
4909:
4896:
4892:
4886:
4883:
4871:
4867:
4861:
4858:
4845:
4841:
4834:
4831:
4819:
4815:
4809:
4806:
4793:
4789:
4785:
4779:
4776:
4764:
4760:
4754:
4751:
4738:
4734:
4728:
4725:
4713:
4709:
4703:
4700:
4687:
4681:
4678:
4673:
4669:
4664:
4657:
4654:
4649:
4645:
4639:
4636:
4631:
4627:
4623:
4619:
4615:
4611:
4604:
4601:
4596:
4592:
4587:
4582:
4578:
4574:
4570:
4566:
4562:
4558:
4554:
4547:
4544:
4539:
4533:
4530:
4525:
4524:
4519:
4513:
4510:
4505:
4501:
4496:
4491:
4487:
4483:
4479:
4475:
4471:
4464:
4461:
4456:
4452:
4447:
4442:
4438:
4434:
4430:
4426:
4422:
4415:
4412:
4407:
4403:
4399:
4395:
4391:
4387:
4380:
4377:
4372:
4366:
4363:
4350:
4344:
4341:
4328:
4322:
4319:
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4280:
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4272:
4269:
4268:
4263:
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4241:
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4189:
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4149:
4145:
4141:
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4117:
4112:
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4104:
4100:
4093:
4090:
4078:
4076:9789251057339
4072:
4068:
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4052:
4048:
4044:
4040:
4036:
4032:
4028:
4024:
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4002:
4001:extension.org
3998:
3992:
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3609:
3597:
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3554:
3542:on 2016-04-03
3541:
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3531:
3528:
3515:
3511:
3507:
3501:
3498:
3486:
3484:9781452266213
3480:
3476:
3475:
3470:
3464:
3461:
3449:
3447:9781284069426
3443:
3439:
3438:
3437:Public Health
3430:
3427:
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3418:
3414:
3410:
3406:
3399:
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3380:
3374:
3371:
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3333:
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3280:
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3268:
3261:
3258:
3253:
3249:
3245:
3241:
3240:Nippon Rinsho
3234:
3231:
3226:
3222:
3217:
3212:
3208:
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3200:
3193:
3190:
3178:
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3099:
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3057:
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3024:
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2997:
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2807:
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2784:
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2761:
2757:
2752:
2747:
2743:
2739:
2736:(6): 976–80.
2735:
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2212:extension.org
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2169:
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2163:
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2105:
2103:
2101:
2099:
2097:
2095:
2093:
2091:
2089:
2087:
2085:
2083:
2081:
2079:
2077:
2075:
2073:
2071:
2069:
2067:
2065:
2061:
2056:
2052:
2047:
2042:
2038:
2034:
2030:
2023:
2021:
2019:
2017:
2015:
2011:
2006:
2000:
1996:
1995:
1987:
1984:
1979:
1978:
1970:
1968:
1966:
1964:
1962:
1960:
1958:
1954:
1949:
1948:
1940:
1937:
1932:
1931:
1924:
1921:
1916:
1915:
1907:
1904:
1899:
1893:
1889:
1888:
1880:
1878:
1874:
1869:
1868:
1861:
1859:
1855:
1850:
1848:9780598840387
1844:
1840:
1836:
1832:
1825:
1823:
1819:
1814:
1813:
1805:
1803:
1799:
1787:on 5 May 2009
1786:
1782:
1778:
1772:
1769:
1756:
1752:
1748:
1742:
1739:
1733:
1729:
1726:
1724:
1721:
1720:
1716:
1710:
1707:
1705:
1702:
1699:
1698:
1695:
1694:United States
1692:
1690:
1687:
1684:
1683:
1680:
1679:United States
1677:
1675:
1672:
1669:
1668:
1665:
1662:
1660:
1657:
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1653:
1650:
1649:United States
1647:
1645:
1642:
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1631:
1628:
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1620:
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1615:United States
1613:
1611:
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1600:
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1595:United States
1592:
1588:
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1583:
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1577:
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1573:
1571:
1568:
1565:
1564:
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1560:United States
1558:
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1540:
1537:
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1533:
1532:United States
1530:
1528:
1525:
1522:
1521:
1517:
1515:
1512:
1509:
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1502:
1500:
1497:
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1489:
1485:
1482:
1480:
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1473:
1470:
1466:
1463:
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1458:
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1450:
1449:New York City
1446:
1445:United States
1443:
1441:
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1430:United States
1428:
1426:
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1416:
1415:United States
1413:
1411:
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1404:
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1393:
1390:
1389:
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1383:
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1378:
1375:
1374:
1371:
1369:
1366:
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1344:
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1337:
1334:
1329:
1326:
1323:
1322:
1319:
1318:United States
1316:
1314:
1311:
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1303:
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1294:
1291:
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1248:United States
1246:
1244:
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1234:
1231:
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1203:United States
1201:
1199:
1196:
1193:
1192:
1189:
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1180:
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1169:
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1164:
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1160:
1157:
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1137:
1136:United States
1134:
1132:
1129:
1126:
1125:
1122:
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1117:
1114:
1113:
1109:
1107:
1104:
1101:
1100:
1097:
1094:
1092:
1089:
1086:
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1082:
1079:
1077:
1074:
1071:
1070:
1067:
1064:
1062:
1059:
1056:
1055:
1052:
1049:
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1024:
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1012:
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1003:
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988:
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978:United States
976:
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963:United States
961:
959:
956:
953:
952:
949:
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941:
940:
937:
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932:
929:
926:
925:
922:
919:
916:
912:
909:
906:
905:
902:
899:
896:isolates the
895:
894:Richard Shope
892:
889:
886:
885:
881:
878:
874:
870:
866:
862:
858:
854:
851:
848:
847:
844:
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803:
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792:
790:
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784:
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780:
776:
773:
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769:
765:
761:
757:
753:
752:South America
749:
745:
741:
737:
732:
725:
722:
719:
718:
715:
712:
710:
708:
702:
699:
695:
694:British India
691:
684:
680:
676:
672:
668:
664:
660:
657:
654:
653:
650:
646:
643:
641:
636:
632:
628:
624:
620:
616:
612:
609:
606:
605:
602:
599:
597:
592:
587:
582:
579:
576:
575:
572:
568:
565:
563:
561:
557:
553:
549:
545:
541:
537:
533:
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525:
521:
517:
513:
509:
505:
504:United States
498:
495:
492:
491:
488:
485:
482:
478:
474:
470:
466:
462:
458:
454:
450:
446:
443:
440:
439:
436:
432:
429:
427:
424:
421:
420:
417:
414:
411:
407:
403:
400:
397:
396:
393:
389:
386:
383:
378:
374:
371:
368:
367:
364:
362:
358:
355:
352:
351:
348:
345:
342:
338:
334:
331:
328:
327:
324:
321:
317:
314:
311:
310:
307:
304:
301:
297:
295:
292:
291:
288:
285:
282:
279:
276:
275:
272:
269:
265:
262:
260:
256:
255:
251:
248:
246:Type of event
245:
242:
241:
238:
236:
235:
230:
226:
225:
220:
219:
214:
213:
204:
200:
196:
186:
179:
176:
171:
164:
156:
153:
152:
148:
145:
144:
140:
136:
133:
132:
128:
124:
121:
120:
116:
113:
112:
109:
106:
104:
100:
96:
90:
86:
82:
78:
74:
72:16th century
71:
70:
66:
63:
62:
58:
55:
54:
48:
46:
44:
40:
36:
32:
28:
24:
23:
16:
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7808:Pancreatitis
7790:
7778:
7766:
7754:
7747:
7728:
7703:
7696:
7689:
7677:
7656:
7619:
7605:
7566:
7559:
7545:
7539:
7506:
7500:
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7466:
7452:
7423:
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7336:Pericarditis
7328:
7297:
7283:
7256:
7237:
7195:
7180:
7161:
7147:
7126:
7109:Encephalitis
7078:
7051:
7032:
7011:
6977:
6963:
6924:
6910:
6726:Pneumothorax
6679:Lung abscess
6661:
6531:
6520:Pneumocystis
6481:Pneumococcal
6262:lung disease
6258:occupational
6236:Interstitial
6201:
6145:
6131:
6104:lung disease
6070:
6064:Epiglottitis
6054:
6022:
6016:Laryngospasm
5980:
5961:Strep throat
5946:
5909:
5885:nasal septum
5883:
5842:
5826:
5723:Strep throat
5703:Otitis media
5280:India (2006)
5002:Reassortment
4924:. Retrieved
4920:
4911:
4899:. Retrieved
4894:
4885:
4873:. Retrieved
4869:
4860:
4848:. Retrieved
4843:
4833:
4821:. Retrieved
4817:
4808:
4796:. Retrieved
4792:the original
4778:
4766:. Retrieved
4763:medscape.com
4762:
4753:
4741:. Retrieved
4736:
4727:
4715:. Retrieved
4702:
4690:. Retrieved
4680:
4667:
4656:
4648:The Guardian
4647:
4638:
4616:(1): 36–44.
4613:
4609:
4603:
4560:
4556:
4546:
4532:
4521:
4512:
4477:
4473:
4463:
4428:
4424:
4414:
4389:
4385:
4379:
4365:
4353:. Retrieved
4343:
4331:. Retrieved
4321:
4309:. Retrieved
4305:
4293:
4274:
4267:The Atlantic
4265:
4256:
4244:. Retrieved
4240:the original
4235:
4226:
4214:. Retrieved
4204:
4192:. Retrieved
4182:
4147:
4143:
4133:
4106:
4103:J Infect Dis
4102:
4092:
4080:. Retrieved
4065:
4059:
4026:
4022:
4016:
4004:. Retrieved
4000:
3991:
3979:. Retrieved
3977:. April 2015
3962:
3938:(2): 383–7.
3935:
3931:
3921:
3909:. Retrieved
3899:
3887:. Retrieved
3883:the original
3878:
3869:
3857:. Retrieved
3855:. March 2019
3824:. Retrieved
3811:
3784:
3780:
3767:
3755:. Retrieved
3751:the original
3741:
3729:. Retrieved
3725:the original
3692:. Retrieved
3688:
3679:
3667:. Retrieved
3663:the original
3658:
3649:
3637:. Retrieved
3625:
3621:
3611:
3599:. Retrieved
3595:
3586:
3574:. Retrieved
3570:the original
3556:
3544:. Retrieved
3540:the original
3530:
3518:. Retrieved
3514:the original
3509:
3500:
3488:. Retrieved
3473:
3463:
3451:. Retrieved
3436:
3429:
3412:
3408:
3398:
3386:. Retrieved
3383:medscape.com
3382:
3373:
3361:. Retrieved
3358:medscape.com
3357:
3332:
3313:
3309:
3299:
3274:
3270:
3260:
3243:
3239:
3233:
3206:
3202:
3192:
3180:. Retrieved
3177:stanford.edu
3176:
3167:
3157:, retrieved
3152:
3146:
3101:
3097:
3087:
3075:. Retrieved
3071:
3018:
3014:
3004:
2994:
2970:
2945:
2941:
2916:
2895:
2874:
2867:
2832:
2829:Rev Sci Tech
2828:
2782:
2778:
2768:
2733:
2729:
2719:
2709:
2702:
2692:
2685:
2675:
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2499:
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2485:
2475:
2468:
2458:
2451:
2440:
2403:
2399:
2389:
2377:. Retrieved
2373:
2361:
2341:
2305:
2301:
2291:
2274:
2270:
2264:
2252:. Retrieved
2237:
2215:. Retrieved
2211:
2179:
2152:
2131:
2039:(4): 572–9.
2036:
2032:
1993:
1986:
1976:
1946:
1939:
1929:
1923:
1913:
1906:
1886:
1866:
1838:
1834:
1811:
1789:. Retrieved
1785:the original
1771:
1759:. Retrieved
1741:
1478:Organization
1439:Organization
1424:Organization
1367:Organization
1177:, worldwide
1066:South Africa
1008:Organization
992:Organization
972:Organization
768:Rhode Island
760:Pennsylvania
756:Philadelphia
728:
703:
686:
638:
594:
508:Newfoundland
501:
360:
340:
299:
233:
232:
228:
223:
222:
217:
216:
207:
206:
202:
198:
194:
191:
154:21st century
134:20th century
122:19th century
114:18th century
107:
92:
79:spread from
43:seasonal flu
20:timeline of
19:
17:
15:
7705:Coronavirus
7446:Common cold
7358:acute viral
7341:Myocarditis
7185:(probable)
6937:Anal cancer
6824:Common cold
6771:Fibrothorax
6754:Chylothorax
6749:Hydrothorax
6702:mediastinum
6662:circulatory
6657:Atelectasis
6464:By pathogen
6456:pneumonitis
6443:Restrictive
6423:Sarcoidosis
6295:Berylliosis
6241:restrictive
6202:unspecified
6124:obstructive
6107:(including
6024:vocal cords
5956:Pharyngitis
5919:Tonsillitis
5874:Nasal polyp
5809:common cold
5802:(including
5708:Pharyngitis
5654:Non-mammals
5435:Laninamivir
5430:Oseltamivir
5418:Rimantadine
5246:2009 A/H1N1
5048:Influenza D
5043:Influenza C
5038:Influenza B
5033:Influenza A
4150:(1): 73–7.
2593:"Influenza"
2379:22 February
1587:Netherlands
1358:Netherlands
873:Spanish flu
869:World War I
865:New England
748:Nova Scotia
615:West Indies
556:Netherlands
465:Switzerland
361:coqueluche.
268:Hippocrates
243:Year/period
139:Spanish flu
56:Year/period
7905:Categories
7832:Urogenital
7698:Astrovirus
7658:Adenovirus
7482:SARS-CoV-2
7239:Poliovirus
7114:meningitis
6744:Hemothorax
6546:Aspiration
6508:Chlamydiae
6498:Mycoplasma
6486:Klebsiella
6344:Bagassosis
6330:Byssinosis
6305:Chalicosis
6280:Asbestosis
6275:Aluminosis
6209:Bronchitis
6080:Tracheitis
6056:epiglottis
6005:Laryngitis
5879:Rhinorrhea
5460:Umifenovir
5452:Peramivir
5413:Amantadine
5391:Treatments
5012:Flu season
4926:6 February
4901:6 February
4875:2 February
4850:6 February
4823:6 February
4798:1 February
4768:30 January
4743:29 January
4717:29 January
4692:6 February
4431:: baq004.
4355:1 February
4333:31 January
4311:31 January
4246:1 February
4216:1 February
4194:1 February
4082:1 February
4006:29 January
3981:29 January
3911:1 February
3889:30 January
3859:28 January
3826:28 January
3757:1 February
3731:29 January
3694:28 January
3601:28 January
3576:28 January
3546:28 January
3520:28 January
3490:28 January
3453:28 January
3388:31 January
3363:31 January
3182:28 January
3159:2021-01-06
3077:28 January
2779:JK Science
2254:28 January
2217:20 January
1734:References
1546:Worldwide
1518:Worldwide
1331:See also:
1140:New Jersey
1110:Worldwide
1037:Worldwide
900:from pigs.
857:Fort Riley
832:Worldwide
720:1788–1790
675:Coromandel
655:1781–1782
607:1761–1762
577:1742–1743
548:Madagascar
493:1732–1733
441:1729–1730
319:influenza.
199:coqueluche
18:This is a
7911:Influenza
7743:RNA virus
7724:DNA virus
7716:Hepatitis
7691:Norovirus
7679:Rotavirus
7673:RNA virus
7652:DNA virus
7598:Esophagus
7526:Influenza
7412:RNA virus
7374:DNA virus
7143:RNA virus
7122:DNA virus
7028:RNA virus
6906:DNA virus
6898:Oncovirus
6819:Influenza
6764:Malignant
6527:Parasitic
6476:Bacterial
6451:Pneumonia
6320:Silicosis
6315:Siderosis
6285:Baritosis
6119:Bronchial
5867:Hay fever
5836:Sinusitis
5718:Sinusitis
5713:Pneumonia
5609:Non-human
5576:Epidemics
5523:Pandemics
5514:epidemics
5493:Pandemrix
5445:Zanamivir
5440:Peramivir
5377:2020–2022
5370:Outbreaks
5285:UK (2007)
5268:Outbreaks
5212:Pandemics
4992:Treatment
4968:Influenza
4846:. Science
4051:198160190
4023:Avian Dis
3875:"Fluzone"
3283:0047-1852
3035:0147-9571
2643:1052-9276
1723:Influenza
1658:Infection
1504:Australia
1459:Infection
1394:Infection
1379:Infection
1352:Infection
1339:East Asia
1327:Infection
1324:2003–2007
1312:Infection
1302:Hong Kong
1292:Infection
1283:Australia
1277:Infection
1267:Hong Kong
1257:Infection
1239:1990–1996
1227:Infection
1156:Australia
1102:1968–1970
849:1918–1920
824:1889–1892
785:1830–1833
723:Epidemic
667:Guangzhou
658:Pandemic
631:Edinburgh
610:Pandemic
580:Epidemic
546:, off of
496:Pandemic
444:Epidemic
398:1557–1558
356:Epidemic
312:1386–1387
300:influenza
298:The term
229:influenza
35:pandemics
31:epidemics
27:outbreaks
22:influenza
7883:Medicine
7841:BK virus
7644:diarrhea
7488:COVID-19
7230:Myelitis
6834:COVID-19
6627:BOOP-COP
6594:Broncho-
6537:Chemical
6325:Talcosis
6246:fibrosis
6099:Lower RT
5852:Rhinitis
5799:Upper RT
5475:Vaccines
5060:subtypes
4982:Research
4672:Archived
4630:22032844
4595:25183346
4563:: 4791.
4504:23407515
4455:20624713
4425:Database
4406:21711267
4306:apec.org
4282:Archived
4236:usda.gov
4174:16494721
4125:15551206
4043:14575120
3803:15962218
3421:22010533
3225:11576290
3138:20421481
3051:22054951
3043:18533261
2859:19618626
2760:16707055
2661:21706672
2422:15577936
2374:paho.org
2324:11576290
2055:11576290
1755:Archived
1717:See also
1624:Epidemic
1541:Pandemic
1465:Cambodia
1165:Epidemic
1130:Epidemic
1105:Pandemic
1032:Pandemic
852:Pandemic
827:Pandemic
798:Americas
788:Pandemic
775:Americas
764:Virginia
740:New York
669:and the
645:Americas
627:Scotland
567:Americas
534:through
512:Barbados
425:Pandemic
401:Pandemic
372:Pandemic
332:Epidemic
315:Epidemic
280:Epidemic
224:castrone
178:pandemic
103:Americas
49:Overview
39:vaccines
7895:Viruses
7869:Portals
7594:Pharynx
7098:Central
6146:chronic
6072:trachea
5948:pharynx
5828:sinuses
5616:Mammals
5326:Vaccine
5304:Science
5239:Science
5021:Viruses
4987:Vaccine
4737:umn.edu
4586:4801029
4565:Bibcode
4482:Bibcode
4446:2911839
4392:: 3–4.
4165:3291399
3954:1538194
3669:8 April
3639:8 April
3510:wma.net
3291:9360364
3252:9360364
3129:2889325
3106:Bibcode
2850:2720801
2751:3373038
2652:3246071
2442:Tardieu
2283:1724803
1761:12 June
1709:Finland
1673:Program
1634:Vietnam
1538:2009–10
1488:Beijing
1469:Romania
1218:Ireland
982:Atlanta
794:Eurasia
779:Eurasia
744:Grenada
736:Georgia
731:Kherson
714:Eurasia
698:Finland
683:Vilnius
635:Ireland
623:Denmark
619:Hungary
586:Belgium
571:Eurasia
540:Holland
516:Jamaica
487:Eurasia
481:Iceland
461:England
457:Germany
431:Eurasia
416:Eurasia
392:Eurasia
234:catarrh
210:gruppie
7258:HTLV-I
7203:Rabies
7053:HTLV-I
6515:Fungal
6169:Asthma
5982:larynx
5911:tonsil
5633:Equine
5628:Feline
5623:Canine
5498:Audenz
5488:Brands
4628:
4593:
4583:
4502:
4474:Nature
4453:
4443:
4404:
4172:
4162:
4123:
4073:
4049:
4041:
3952:
3801:
3481:
3444:
3419:
3310:Lancet
3289:
3281:
3250:
3223:
3136:
3126:
3049:
3041:
3033:
2857:
2847:
2758:
2748:
2659:
2649:
2641:
2420:
2349:
2322:
2281:
2245:
2187:
2053:
2001:
1894:
1845:
1841:: 19.
1385:Canada
1171:Russia
1096:Canada
998:France
936:Russia
861:Kansas
671:Bengal
649:Europe
601:Europe
560:Madrid
552:London
536:Poland
532:Russia
526:, and
520:Mexico
453:Sweden
449:Moscow
435:Africa
388:Africa
347:France
341:le tac
323:Europe
287:Europe
218:grippe
89:Europe
85:Africa
7854:Mumps
7613:Mumps
7583:Human
7013:MCPyV
6650:Other
6599:Lobar
6550:Lipid
6471:Viral
6370:Other
6132:acute
6109:LRTIs
6034:(LPR)
6012:(LPR)
5990:Croup
5970:(LPR)
5804:URTIs
5698:Croup
5661:Avian
5645:Swine
5193:H11N9
5188:H11N2
5183:H10N8
5178:H10N7
5173:H10N3
4844:Wired
4688:. FDA
4302:(PDF)
4047:S2CID
3971:(PDF)
3047:S2CID
2370:(PDF)
1791:7 May
1664:China
1630:China
1484:China
1400:Egypt
1298:China
1263:China
1233:China
1175:China
877:Spain
818:Italy
690:China
591:Mainz
528:Chile
477:Spain
473:Italy
353:1414
337:Paris
306:Italy
249:Event
7568:hMPV
7440:OC43
7436:HKU1
7432:NL63
7428:229E
7086:AIDS
6965:KSHV
6829:SARS
6632:NSIP
6377:ARDS
6178:AERD
6153:COPD
5939:Neck
5844:nose
5819:Head
5362:H5N8
5260:H5N1
5203:H1N1
5168:H9N2
5163:H7N9
5158:H7N7
5153:H7N4
5148:H7N3
5143:H7N2
5138:H7N1
5133:H6N1
5128:H5N9
5123:H5N8
5118:H5N6
5113:H5N3
5108:H5N2
5103:H5N1
5098:H3N8
5093:H3N2
5088:H3N1
5083:H2N3
5078:H2N2
5073:H1N2
5068:H1N1
4928:2017
4903:2017
4877:2017
4852:2017
4825:2017
4800:2017
4770:2017
4745:2017
4719:2017
4694:2017
4626:PMID
4591:PMID
4500:PMID
4451:PMID
4429:2010
4402:PMID
4357:2017
4335:2017
4313:2017
4248:2017
4218:2017
4196:2017
4170:PMID
4121:PMID
4084:2017
4071:ISBN
4039:PMID
4008:2017
3983:2017
3950:PMID
3913:2017
3891:2017
3861:2017
3828:2017
3799:PMID
3759:2017
3733:2017
3696:2017
3671:2020
3641:2020
3603:2017
3578:2017
3548:2017
3522:2017
3492:2017
3479:ISBN
3455:2017
3442:ISBN
3417:PMID
3390:2017
3365:2017
3287:PMID
3279:ISSN
3248:PMID
3221:PMID
3184:2017
3134:PMID
3079:2017
3039:PMID
3031:ISSN
2855:PMID
2756:PMID
2657:PMID
2639:ISSN
2418:PMID
2381:2017
2347:ISBN
2320:PMID
2279:PMID
2256:2017
2243:ISBN
2219:2017
2185:ISBN
2051:PMID
1999:ISBN
1892:ISBN
1843:ISBN
1793:2009
1763:2009
1700:2017
1685:2017
1670:2015
1655:2013
1640:2013
1621:2013
1606:2012
1578:2012
1566:2012
1551:2011
1523:2008
1510:2008
1495:2007
1475:2006
1456:2005
1436:2005
1421:2005
1406:2004
1391:2004
1376:2004
1364:2004
1349:2003
1309:2002
1289:1999
1274:1997
1254:1997
1224:1988
1209:1983
1194:1980
1182:1978
1162:1977
1147:1976
1127:1976
1115:1973
1087:1966
1072:1963
1057:1961
1042:1959
1029:1957
1017:1952
1005:1948
989:1947
969:1946
954:1945
942:1942
927:1936
907:1933
887:1931
837:1901
804:1878
766:and
750:and
738:and
692:and
673:and
621:and
524:Peru
469:Rome
422:1580
382:bled
369:1510
329:1411
293:1357
277:1173
257:400
93:The
81:Asia
75:The
7848:MuV
7817:CBV
7792:HEV
7780:HDV
7768:HCV
7756:HAV
7749:CBV
7730:HBV
7607:MuV
7538:V,
7330:CBV
7299:HSV
7276:Eye
7163:LCV
7149:MeV
7080:HIV
7034:HCV
6979:EBV
6926:HPV
6912:HBV
6622:DIP
6617:UIP
6609:IIP
4788:WHO
4712:WHO
4618:doi
4581:PMC
4573:doi
4490:doi
4478:494
4441:PMC
4433:doi
4394:doi
4160:PMC
4152:doi
4111:doi
4107:190
4031:doi
3975:WHO
3940:doi
3789:doi
3785:192
3721:WHO
3630:doi
3566:WHO
3318:doi
3211:doi
3124:PMC
3114:doi
3102:107
3023:doi
2845:PMC
2837:doi
2746:PMC
2738:doi
2647:PMC
2631:doi
2408:doi
2310:doi
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