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Timeline of women in mathematics in the United States

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208:(AWM) was founded. It is a professional society whose mission is to encourage women and girls to study and to have active careers in the mathematical sciences, and to promote equal opportunity for and the equal treatment of women and girls in the mathematical sciences. It is incorporated in the state of Massachusetts. 228:
published her dissertation on "Regularity of the Singular Set of Two-Dimensional Area-Minimizing Flat Chains Modulo 3 in R3" which solved a long-standing problem about length and smoothness of soap-film triple function
627: 185: 426:
became the first American woman and second woman overall to be named a Putnam Fellow in 2002. Putnam Fellows are the top five (or six, in case of a tie) scorers on
412:
became the first female American to make the U.S. International Math Olympiad Team. She won silver medals in the 1998 and 1999 International Mathematical Olympiads.
1590: 427: 387: 139: 166: 1159: 1595: 499: 238: 1600: 1456: 216: 205: 450: 398: 362: 284: 274: 154: 128: 443:. It is an annual award given to an undergraduate student in the US, Canada, or Mexico who demonstrates superior mathematics research. 1118: 816: 1545: 1026: 1605: 546: 308: 1615: 117: 1155: 291:
Lectures, intended to showcase skilled expositors and enrich the understanding of instructors of college-level mathematics.
1610: 1437: 336: 312: 212: 106: 77: 66: 379:
became the first woman to deliver a major National Association of Mathematicians lecture (it was the Cox-Talbot address).
250: 834: 491:, with the award committee citing "the fundamental impact of her work on analysis, geometry and mathematical physics." 102: 55: 1576:
A Brief History of the Association for Women in Mathematics: The Presidents' Perspectives, by Lenore Blum (1991)
242:. It has become a standard introduction, with many of today's researchers having learned the subject through it. 1302: 95: 1411: 270: 1082: 762: 17: 1022: 515: 463: 358: 319: 288: 58:
became the first American woman to earn a PhD in mathematics, which she earned from Columbia University.
474:'s field of interest, chiefly topics in analysis related to Fourier series. She shared the prize with 1031: 340: 324: 720: 1389: 1281: 1190: 646: 459: 441:
Frank and Brennie Morgan Prize for Outstanding Research in Mathematics by an Undergraduate Student
1523: 1515: 1489: 1056: 532: 383: 882: 565:
Elizabeth Cady Stanton; Susan B. Anthony; Matilda Joslyn Gage; Ida Husted Harper, eds. (1889).
153:
became the first person to receive the Award for Distinguished Service to Mathematics from the
1507: 1376: 1114: 1048: 812: 304: 124: 116:
became the first African-American woman to earn a Ph.D. in mathematics, which she earned from
91: 1575: 502:
in 2019. In addition to being Native Hawaiian, she is also black, Japanese, and Puerto Rican.
1499: 1390:"UZH - Fields Medal Winner Artur Avila Appointed Full Professor at the University of Zurich" 1040: 843: 495: 280: 194: 1519: 1257: 1235: 1068: 572: 1550: 1541: 1064: 1001: 510: 484: 402: 113: 73: 62: 1134: 332: 246: 944: 593: 1584: 1356: 1216: 1186: 699: 471: 446: 376: 351: 347: 257: 1527: 1323: 668: 642: 965: 861: 440: 436: 423: 409: 261: 198: 161: 787: 741: 566: 1108: 806: 1503: 1163: 528: 520: 475: 467: 394: 233: 225: 135: 524: 488: 328:, a refereed bimonthly publication of the Mathematical Association of America. 143: 1511: 1052: 466:
then at the University of Texas at Austin, became the first woman to win the
903: 219:(JCW), which later became a joint committee of multiple scholarly societies. 181: 150: 48: 1060: 924:"JCW-Math | Joint Committee on Women in the Mathematical Sciences" 1457:"In a Single Measure, Invariants Capture the Essence of Math Objects" 1412:"Karen Uhlenbeck Is First Woman to Receive Abel Prize in Mathematics" 94:
earned her PhD for a thesis that included an important theorem about
1044: 847: 721:"Euphemia Lofton Haynes, first African American woman mathematician" 1494: 883:"New Zealand Mathematical Societu Newsletter Number 84, April 2002" 470:, an annual award given to young mathematicians who have worked in 142:. Her calculations directly impacted the development of accurate 923: 33:. All women mentioned here are American unless otherwise noted. 531:
first proposed over fifty years prior by English mathematician
498:
woman to earn a PhD in mathematics when she graduated from the
170:, which was still widely used in college classrooms as of 1999. 76:
of Britain became the first woman on the first Council of the
1210: 1187:"Biographies of Women Mathematicians | Doris Schattschneider" 643:"Biographies of Women Mathematicians: Charlotte Angas Scott" 47:
1829: The first public examination of an American girl in
1546:"Graduate Student Solves Decades-Old Conway Knot Problem" 1480:
Piccirillo, Lisa (2020). "The Conway knot is not slice".
1282:"Duke Magazine-Where Are They Now?-January/February 2010" 592:
Susan E. Kelly & Sarah A. Rozner (28 February 2012).
260:, an amateur mathematician, discovered four new types of 763:"How Gladys West uncovered the 'Hidden Figures' of GPS" 1303:"Melanie Wood: The Making of a Mathematician - Cogito" 904:"About AWM - AWM Association for Women in Mathematics" 449:
became the first female gold medal winner on the U.S.
700:"Prizes, Awards, and Honors for Women Mathematicians" 339:, and the first female mathematician to be awarded a 249:
became the first female mathematician elected to the
217:
Joint Committee on Women in the Mathematical Sciences
628:"Encyclopedia of World Scientists, Revised Edition" 186:
American Association for the Advancement of Science
105:became the first woman to present a lecture at the 1156:"2005 Parson Lecturer - Dr. Doris Schattschneider" 1002:"Profiles of Women in Mathematics: Julia Robinson" 594:"Winifred Edgerton Merrill:"She Opened the Door"" 69:, then called the New York Mathematical Society. 1357:"Math Forum @ Drexel: Congratulations, Alison!" 568:History of Woman Suffrage: 1848–1861, Volume 1 513:published a mathematical proof in the journal 428:William Lowell Putnam Mathematical Competition 388:Society for Industrial and Applied Mathematics 140:Naval Surface Warfare Center Dahlgren Division 65:of Britain became the first woman to join the 808:Mathematical methods in the physical sciences 694: 692: 690: 688: 686: 684: 682: 167:Mathematical Methods in the Physical Sciences 138:began collecting data from satellites at the 8: 1436:Communications, Brown Office of University. 1212:C.C. MacDuffee Award 1995 – Eileen L. Poiani 1162:, Department of Mathematics. Archived from 1027:"Tiling the plane with congruent pentagons" 996: 994: 18:Timeline of women in mathematics in America 405:, an annual award for expository articles. 1493: 1438:"Horizons Seminar: Marissa Kawehi Loving" 1258:"Math Skills Suffer in U.S., Study Finds" 1160:University of North Carolina at Asheville 386:became the first female president of the 335:became the first female president of the 273:became the first female president of the 184:became the first female president of the 31:women in mathematics in the United States 832:Spector, Donald (1999). "Book Reviews". 127:became the first woman elected into the 557: 527:knot, answering an unsolved problem in 500:University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign 494:Marissa Kawehi Loving became the first 239:Braids, Links, and Mapping Class Groups 397:became the first woman to receive the 361:became the first woman to present the 303:1981: Canadian-American mathematician 283:became the first woman to present the 1591:History of women in the United States 350:became the first female president of 7: 206:Association for Women in Mathematics 630:. Infobase Publishing. p. 655. 451:International Mathematical Olympiad 399:Mathematical Association of America 363:Mathematical Association of America 307:became the first woman to give the 285:Mathematical Association of America 275:Mathematical Association of America 155:Mathematical Association of America 129:International Statistical Institute 1410:Change, Kenneth (March 19, 2019). 487:became the first woman to win the 439:became the first woman to win the 322:became the first female editor of 25: 1110:Encyclopedia of World Scientists 547:Timeline of women in mathematics 365:’s J. Sutherland Frame Lectures. 1596:United States history timelines 1256:Rimer, Sara (10 October 2008). 1185:Riddle, Larry (April 5, 2013). 1113:. Facts On File, Incorporated. 118:Catholic University of America 1: 1601:Timelines of women in history 337:American Mathematical Society 313:American Mathematical Society 213:American Mathematical Society 107:American Mathematical Society 78:American Mathematical Society 67:American Mathematical Society 966:"Interview with Joan Birman" 571:. Susan B. Anthony. p.  251:National Academy of Sciences 1520:10.4007/annals.2020.191.2.5 1504:10.4007/annals.2020.191.2.5 835:American Journal of Physics 669:"Mildred Leonora Sanderson" 641:Chaplin, Stephanie (1997). 264:pentagons in 1976 and 1977. 29:There is a long history of 1632: 1392:. Media.uzh.ch. 2018-07-24 626:Oakes, Elizabeth (2007). 56:Winifred Edgerton Merrill 1096:– via Google Sites 1087:Intriguing Tessellations 792:mathwomen.agnesscott.org 673:mathwomen.agnesscott.org 1606:American mathematicians 1379:, retrieved 2016-07-04. 1284:. dukemagazine.duke.edu 926:. jcwmath.wordpress.com 271:Dorothy Lewis Bernstein 1023:Schattschneider, Doris 197:constructed the first 1616:Mathematics timelines 1482:Annals of Mathematics 1337:(4). 26 February 2004 805:Mary L. Boas (1966). 519:determining that the 516:Annals of Mathematics 359:Doris Schattschneider 320:Doris Schattschneider 289:Earle Raymond Hedrick 74:Charlotte Angas Scott 63:Charlotte Angas Scott 1611:Women in mathematics 1305:. cogito.cty.jhu.edu 1236:"Gloria Ford Gilmer" 1107:Oakes, E.H. (2007). 1032:Mathematics Magazine 979:(1). 4 December 2006 464:mathematical analyst 341:MacArthur Fellowship 325:Mathematics Magazine 1324:"2003 Morgan Prize" 1191:Agnes Scott College 1135:"Cathleen Morawetz" 742:"Gertrude Mary Cox" 647:Agnes Scott College 460:Stefanie Petermichl 236:published the book 1455:Klarreich, Erica. 1331:Notices of the AMS 1262:The New York Times 1238:. math.buffalo.edu 973:Notices of the AMS 723:. math.buffalo.edu 601:Notices of the AMS 533:John Horton Conway 96:modular invariants 305:Cathleen Morawetz 125:Gertrude Mary Cox 103:Anna Pell-Wheeler 92:Mildred Sanderson 16:(Redirected from 1623: 1563: 1562: 1560: 1558: 1542:Klarreich, Erica 1538: 1532: 1531: 1497: 1477: 1471: 1470: 1468: 1467: 1452: 1446: 1445: 1442:events.brown.edu 1433: 1427: 1426: 1424: 1422: 1407: 1401: 1400: 1398: 1397: 1386: 1380: 1374: 1368: 1367: 1365: 1364: 1353: 1347: 1346: 1344: 1342: 1328: 1320: 1314: 1313: 1311: 1310: 1299: 1293: 1292: 1290: 1289: 1278: 1272: 1271: 1269: 1268: 1253: 1247: 1246: 1244: 1243: 1232: 1226: 1225: 1224: 1223: 1207: 1201: 1200: 1198: 1197: 1182: 1176: 1174: 1172: 1171: 1152: 1146: 1145: 1143: 1142: 1137:. agnesscott.edu 1131: 1125: 1124: 1104: 1098: 1097: 1095: 1093: 1078: 1072: 1071: 1019: 1013: 1012: 1010: 1009: 998: 989: 988: 986: 984: 970: 962: 956: 955: 953: 952: 947:. agnesscott.edu 941: 935: 934: 932: 931: 920: 914: 913: 911: 910: 900: 894: 893: 891: 890: 879: 873: 872: 870: 869: 864:. agnesscott.edu 858: 852: 851: 829: 823: 822: 802: 796: 795: 784: 778: 777: 775: 774: 759: 753: 752: 750: 749: 744:. agnesscott.edu 738: 732: 731: 729: 728: 717: 711: 710: 708: 707: 702:. agnesscott.edu 696: 677: 676: 664: 658: 657: 655: 653: 638: 632: 631: 623: 617: 616: 614: 612: 598: 589: 583: 582: 580: 579: 562: 281:Mary Ellen Rudin 215:established its 195:Mary Ellen Rudin 21: 1631: 1630: 1626: 1625: 1624: 1622: 1621: 1620: 1581: 1580: 1572: 1570:Further reading 1567: 1566: 1556: 1554: 1551:Quanta Magazine 1540: 1539: 1535: 1479: 1478: 1474: 1465: 1463: 1461:Quanta Magazine 1454: 1453: 1449: 1435: 1434: 1430: 1420: 1418: 1409: 1408: 1404: 1395: 1393: 1388: 1387: 1383: 1375: 1371: 1362: 1360: 1359:. mathforum.org 1355: 1354: 1350: 1340: 1338: 1326: 1322: 1321: 1317: 1308: 1306: 1301: 1300: 1296: 1287: 1285: 1280: 1279: 1275: 1266: 1264: 1255: 1254: 1250: 1241: 1239: 1234: 1233: 1229: 1221: 1219: 1209: 1208: 1204: 1195: 1193: 1184: 1183: 1179: 1169: 1167: 1154: 1153: 1149: 1140: 1138: 1133: 1132: 1128: 1121: 1106: 1105: 1101: 1091: 1089: 1083:"Tessellations" 1081:Marjorie Rice, 1080: 1079: 1075: 1045:10.2307/2689644 1021: 1020: 1016: 1007: 1005: 1000: 999: 992: 982: 980: 968: 964: 963: 959: 950: 948: 943: 942: 938: 929: 927: 922: 921: 917: 908: 906: 902: 901: 897: 888: 886: 881: 880: 876: 867: 865: 860: 859: 855: 848:10.1119/1.19216 831: 830: 826: 819: 804: 803: 799: 786: 785: 781: 772: 770: 761: 760: 756: 747: 745: 740: 739: 735: 726: 724: 719: 718: 714: 705: 703: 698: 697: 680: 667: 665: 661: 651: 649: 640: 639: 635: 625: 624: 620: 610: 608: 596: 591: 590: 586: 577: 575: 564: 563: 559: 554: 544: 511:Lisa Piccirillo 496:Native Hawaiian 485:Karen Uhlenbeck 419: 403:Chauvenet Prize 384:Margaret Wright 372: 300: 177: 114:Euphemia Haynes 87: 44: 39: 23: 22: 15: 12: 11: 5: 1629: 1627: 1619: 1618: 1613: 1608: 1603: 1598: 1593: 1583: 1582: 1579: 1578: 1571: 1568: 1565: 1564: 1533: 1488:(2): 581–591. 1472: 1447: 1428: 1416:New York Times 1402: 1381: 1369: 1348: 1315: 1294: 1273: 1248: 1227: 1202: 1177: 1147: 1126: 1119: 1099: 1073: 1014: 1004:. awm-math.org 990: 957: 936: 915: 895: 885:. Massey.ac.nz 874: 853: 842:(2): 165–169. 824: 817: 797: 779: 754: 733: 712: 678: 659: 633: 618: 584: 556: 555: 553: 550: 543: 540: 539: 538: 537: 536: 525:smoothly slice 505: 504: 503: 492: 479: 456: 455: 454: 444: 431: 418: 415: 414: 413: 406: 391: 380: 371: 368: 367: 366: 355: 344: 333:Julia Robinson 329: 316: 299: 296: 295: 294: 293: 292: 278: 265: 254: 247:Julia Robinson 243: 230: 222: 221: 220: 209: 202: 189: 176: 173: 172: 171: 158: 147: 132: 121: 110: 99: 86: 83: 82: 81: 70: 59: 52: 43: 40: 38: 35: 24: 14: 13: 10: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 1628: 1617: 1614: 1612: 1609: 1607: 1604: 1602: 1599: 1597: 1594: 1592: 1589: 1588: 1586: 1577: 1574: 1573: 1569: 1553: 1552: 1547: 1543: 1537: 1534: 1529: 1525: 1521: 1517: 1513: 1509: 1505: 1501: 1496: 1491: 1487: 1483: 1476: 1473: 1462: 1458: 1451: 1448: 1443: 1439: 1432: 1429: 1417: 1413: 1406: 1403: 1391: 1385: 1382: 1378: 1373: 1370: 1358: 1352: 1349: 1336: 1332: 1325: 1319: 1316: 1304: 1298: 1295: 1283: 1277: 1274: 1263: 1259: 1252: 1249: 1237: 1231: 1228: 1218: 1217:Pi Mu Epsilon 1214: 1213: 1206: 1203: 1192: 1188: 1181: 1178: 1166:on 2014-01-11 1165: 1161: 1157: 1151: 1148: 1136: 1130: 1127: 1122: 1120:9781438118826 1116: 1112: 1111: 1103: 1100: 1088: 1084: 1077: 1074: 1070: 1066: 1062: 1058: 1054: 1050: 1046: 1042: 1038: 1034: 1033: 1028: 1024: 1018: 1015: 1003: 997: 995: 991: 978: 974: 967: 961: 958: 946: 945:"Jean Taylor" 940: 937: 925: 919: 916: 905: 899: 896: 884: 878: 875: 863: 857: 854: 849: 845: 841: 837: 836: 828: 825: 820: 818:9780471084174 814: 810: 809: 801: 798: 793: 789: 783: 780: 768: 764: 758: 755: 743: 737: 734: 722: 716: 713: 701: 695: 693: 691: 689: 687: 685: 683: 679: 674: 670: 663: 660: 648: 644: 637: 634: 629: 622: 619: 606: 602: 595: 588: 585: 574: 570: 569: 561: 558: 551: 549: 548: 541: 534: 530: 526: 522: 518: 517: 512: 509: 508: 506: 501: 497: 493: 490: 486: 483: 482: 480: 477: 473: 472:Raphael Salem 469: 465: 461: 457: 452: 448: 447:Alison Miller 445: 442: 438: 435: 434: 432: 429: 425: 421: 420: 416: 411: 407: 404: 400: 396: 392: 389: 385: 381: 378: 377:Gloria Gilmer 374: 373: 369: 364: 360: 356: 353: 352:Pi Mu Epsilon 349: 348:Eileen Poiani 345: 342: 338: 334: 330: 327: 326: 321: 317: 314: 310: 309:Gibbs Lecture 306: 302: 301: 297: 290: 286: 282: 279: 276: 272: 269: 268: 266: 263: 259: 258:Marjorie Rice 255: 252: 248: 244: 241: 240: 235: 231: 227: 223: 218: 214: 210: 207: 203: 200: 196: 193: 192: 190: 187: 183: 179: 178: 174: 169: 168: 163: 159: 156: 152: 148: 145: 141: 137: 133: 130: 126: 122: 119: 115: 111: 108: 104: 100: 97: 93: 89: 88: 84: 79: 75: 71: 68: 64: 60: 57: 53: 50: 46: 45: 41: 36: 34: 32: 27: 19: 1555:. 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Retrieved 567: 560: 545: 514: 437:Melanie Wood 424:Melanie Wood 417:21st Century 410:Melanie Wood 323: 262:tessellating 237: 199:Dowker space 165: 162:Mary L. Boas 85:20th Century 42:19th Century 30: 28: 26: 862:"Mina Rees" 788:"Mina Rees" 529:knot theory 521:Conway knot 476:Artur Avila 468:Salem Prize 462:, a German 395:Joan Birman 256:1976-1977: 234:Joan Birman 226:Jean Taylor 144:GPS systems 136:Gladys West 109:Colloquium. 1585:Categories 1495:1808.02923 1466:2020-06-08 1396:2018-10-09 1377:Short vita 1363:2014-01-25 1341:25 January 1309:2014-01-25 1288:2014-01-25 1267:2019-11-20 1242:2014-01-25 1222:2019-11-08 1196:2013-07-13 1170:2013-07-13 1141:2014-01-25 1008:2014-01-25 983:25 January 951:2014-01-25 930:2014-01-25 909:2014-01-25 889:2017-06-20 868:2014-01-25 773:2018-09-22 748:2014-01-25 727:2014-01-25 706:2014-01-25 652:22 October 611:25 January 578:2011-04-18 552:References 489:Abel Prize 164:published 1512:0003-486X 1092:22 August 1053:0025-570X 811:. Wiley. 767:GPS World 523:is not a 182:Mina Rees 151:Mina Rees 51:was held. 1528:52398890 1421:19 March 1025:(1978), 542:See also 49:geometry 37:Timeline 1557:May 20, 1069:0493766 1061:2689644 311:of the 229:curves. 1526:  1518:  1510:  1117:  1067:  1059:  1051:  815:  507:2020: 481:2019: 458:2006: 433:2004: 422:2002: 408:1998: 393:1996: 382:1995: 375:1992: 357:1988: 346:1987: 331:1983: 318:1981: 267:1979: 245:1975: 232:1974: 224:1973: 191:1971: 180:1970: 160:1966: 149:1962: 134:1956: 123:1949: 112:1943: 101:1927: 90:1913: 72:1894: 61:1891: 54:1886: 1524:S2CID 1516:JSTOR 1490:arXiv 1327:(PDF) 1057:JSTOR 969:(PDF) 597:(PDF) 453:Team. 370:1990s 298:1980s 175:1970s 1559:2020 1508:ISSN 1423:2019 1343:2014 1115:ISBN 1094:2015 1049:ISSN 985:2014 813:ISBN 654:2012 613:2014 211:The 204:The 1500:doi 1486:191 1041:doi 844:doi 607:(4) 401:’s 287:’s 1587:: 1548:. 1544:. 1522:. 1514:. 1506:. 1498:. 1484:. 1459:. 1440:. 1414:. 1335:51 1333:. 1329:. 1260:. 1215:, 1189:. 1158:. 1085:, 1065:MR 1063:, 1055:, 1047:, 1037:51 1035:, 1029:, 993:^ 977:54 975:. 971:. 840:67 838:. 790:. 765:. 681:^ 671:. 666:🖉 645:. 605:59 603:. 599:. 573:36 1561:. 1530:. 1502:: 1492:: 1469:. 1444:. 1425:. 1399:. 1366:. 1345:. 1312:. 1291:. 1270:. 1245:. 1199:. 1175:. 1173:. 1144:. 1123:. 1043:: 1011:. 987:. 954:. 933:. 912:. 892:. 871:. 850:. 846:: 821:. 794:. 776:. 751:. 730:. 709:. 675:. 656:. 615:. 581:. 535:. 478:. 430:. 390:. 354:. 343:. 315:. 277:. 253:. 201:. 188:. 157:. 146:. 131:. 120:. 98:. 80:. 20:)

Index

Timeline of women in mathematics in America
geometry
Winifred Edgerton Merrill
Charlotte Angas Scott
American Mathematical Society
Charlotte Angas Scott
American Mathematical Society
Mildred Sanderson
modular invariants
Anna Pell-Wheeler
American Mathematical Society
Euphemia Haynes
Catholic University of America
Gertrude Mary Cox
International Statistical Institute
Gladys West
Naval Surface Warfare Center Dahlgren Division
GPS systems
Mina Rees
Mathematical Association of America
Mary L. Boas
Mathematical Methods in the Physical Sciences
Mina Rees
American Association for the Advancement of Science
Mary Ellen Rudin
Dowker space
Association for Women in Mathematics
American Mathematical Society
Joint Committee on Women in the Mathematical Sciences
Jean Taylor

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