784:
Garcia, Negra de Mesa, Negretto, Ojo de Liebre, Olho de Lebre, Pinuela, Sensibel, Tempranilla, Tempranillo de la Rioja, Tempranillo de
Perralta, Tempranillo de Rioja, Tempranillo de Rioza, Tempranillo Rioja, Tinta Aragones, Tinta Corriente, Tinta de Madrid, Tinta de Santiago, Tinta de Toro, Tinta do Inacio, Tinta do Pais, Tinta Fina, Tinta Madrid, Tinta Monteira, Tinta Monteiro, Tinta Roris, Tinta Roriz, Tinta Santiago, Tinto Aragon, Tinto Aragonez, Tinto de la Ribera, Tinto de Madrid, Tinto de Rioja, Tinto de Toro, Tinto del Pais, Tinto del Toro, Tinto Fino, Tinto Madrid, Tinto Pais, Tinto Ribiera, Tinto Riojano, Ull de Liebre, Ull de Llebre, Valdepenas, Verdiell, Vid de Aranda.
682:
207:
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63:
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601:
527:, resulting in a higher pH. The skin does not present any herbaceous characters. The grape is very susceptible to inclement weather, contracting when there is a drought and swelling when there is too much humidity. The swelling has a negative effect on quality since it affects the colour of the wine. The effects of the weather are attenuated in places with
414:
It is possible that this grape was introduced to the
Western Hemisphere by the Spanish Conquistadors in the 17th century, as certain Criolla varieties in Argentina have a closer genetic relationship to Tempranillo than to a small handful of other European varieties against which the Criolla varieties
783:
Albillo Negro, Aldepenas, Aragon, Aragones, Aragonez, Aragonez 51, Aragonez da Ferra, Aragonez de Elvas, AraĂşxa, Arganda, Arinto Tinto, Cencibel, Cencibera, Chinchillana, Chinchillano, Chinchilyano, Cupani, De Por Aca, Escobera, Garnacho Fono, Grenache de
Logrono, Jacibera, Jacibiera, Jacivera, Juan
426:
During the 1990s, Tempranillo started experiencing a renaissance in wine production worldwide. This surge began partly as a result of the efforts of a 'new wave' of
Spanish growers who showed that it was possible to produce wines of great character and quality in areas outside of the Rioja region.
423:, but also because of the grape's dislike of hot, dry climates. It was much later, during the 1980s, that Californian Tempranillo wine production began to flourish, following the establishment of suitably mountainous sites. Production in this area has more than doubled since 1993.
580:. Blending the grape with Carignan makes a brighter and more acidic wine. Tempranillo is the major component of the typical Rioja blends and constitutes 90-100% of Ribera del Duero wines. In Australia, Tempranillo is blended with Grenache and Shiraz, also known as
511:
Pests and diseases are a serious problem for this grape variety, since it has little resistance to either. The grape forms compact, cylindrical bunches of spherical, deep blue-black fruit with a colourless pulp. The leaves are large with five overlapping lobes.
551:
and flavours can include berries, plum, tobacco, vanilla, leather and herb. Often making up as much as 90% of a blend, Tempranillo is less frequently bottled as a single varietal. Being low in both acidity and sugar content, it is most commonly blended with
689:
Tempranillo arrived in
California bearing the name Valdepeñas, and it was grown in the Central Valley at the turn of the 20th century. Since the climate of the Central Valley was not ideal for the grape, it was used as a blending grape for
613:
Spain grows 87% of the world's
Tempranillo, and it is Spain's most planted red grape variety with 201,051 hectares (496,810 acres) grown in 2015, accounting for 42% of the red grape plantings, surpassed only by the white grape variety
415:
were tested. Despite its apparent fragility, Tempranillo travelled widely during the 20th century and, following much trial and error, has become established throughout the world. In 1905, Frederic
Bioletti brought Tempranillo to
468:
To get elegance and acidity out of
Tempranillo, you need a cool climate. But to get high sugar levels and the thick skins that give deep color you need heat. In Spain these two opposites are best reconciled in the
459:
Tempranillo is a black grape with a thick skin. It grows best at relatively high altitudes, but it also can tolerate a much warmer climate. With regard to
Tempranillo's production in various climates, wine expert
291:
In 2015, Tempranillo was the fourth most widely planted wine grape variety worldwide with 232,561 hectares (574,670 acres) under vine, of which 87% was in Spain where it is the most planted red grape variety.
531:
because of the effect of the clay and humidity in the roots; the effects are worse in sandy areas, as well as for vines that are less than twelve years old, as the roots are generally too superficial.
1452:
622:. The two major regions that grow Tempranillo are Rioja, in north central Spain, and Ribera del Duero, which lies a little farther to the south. Substantial quantities are also grown in the
669:. In Alentejo Central, it is known as Aragonez and used in red table wine blends of variable quality, while in the Douro, it is known as Tinta Roriz and mainly used in blends to make
637:
Tempranillo is known under a number of local synonyms in different regions of Spain: "Cencibel" and "Tinto Fino" are used in several regions, and it is known as "Tinta del PaĂs" in
1421:
1345:
504:, with temperatures dropping by as much as 16 °C (30 °F) from the daytime high. The Tempranillo grape is one of the few grapes that can adapt and thrive in
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500:), though temperatures in the middle of the day in the lower valley can jump as high as 40 °C (104 °F). At night the region experiences a dramatic
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988:
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have been compared to those of northern Spain. Tempranillo has been well received in Texas and has grown to be considered the state's signature grape.
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region, and also North East
Victoria. Tempranillo has also been introduced by some wine producers in Thailand. The varietal is extensively grown in
1015:
2527:
922:
Ibáñez, Javier; Muñoz-Organero, Gregorio; Zinelabidine, L. Hasna; De AndrĂ©s, M. Teresa; Cabello, FĂ©lix; MartĂnez-Zapater, JosĂ© Miguel (2012).
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easily, which facilitates pH levels of 3.6 in the pulp and 4.3 in the skin when it reaches maturity. If it absorbs too much potassium, the
879:
Urinary 6-sulfatoxymelatonin and total antioxidant capacity increase after the intake of a grape juice cv. Tempranillo stabilized with HHP
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272:("early"), a reference to the fact that it ripens several weeks earlier than most Spanish red grapes. Tempranillo has been grown on the
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González-Flores D, Gamero E, Garrido M, RamĂrez R, Moreno D, Delgado J, ValdĂ©s E, Barriga C, RodrĂguez A.B, Paredes S.D. (2012). "
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1047:"Evaluation of diversity among Argentine grapevine (Vitis vinifera L.) varieties using morphological data and AFLP markers"
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region of Spain. In Portugal, where the grape is known as Tinta Roriz and Aragonez, it is blended with others to produce
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725:. Their climate (hot during the summer day, and cool overnight) seems to be perfect for the Tempranillo grape. In
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399:, wines were grown all over Spain; yet there are only scattered references to the name "Tempranillo".
1905:
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and a forgotten grape variety called Benedicto. Tempranillo used to be thought to be related to the
311:, Tempranillo has a relatively neutral profile so it is often blended with other varieties, such as
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Martinez, Liliana; Cavagnaro, Pablo; Masuelli, Ricardo; RodrĂguez, JosĂ© (15 December 2003).
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wines have become more common, especially in the better-suited, cooler Spanish regions like
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Perkins, Sid (29 May 2004). "Global Vineyard. Can technology take on a warming climate?".
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The original 1993 planting of Tempranillo at Red Willow Vineyard in Washington state.
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387:, the common ancestor of almost all vines in existence today, began in earnest with
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A Tempranillo varietal wine in a glass, showing typically intense purple colouring
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wine making extends back over 2,000 years, as evidenced by the 66-metre mosaic of
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1930:
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618:. Tempranillo is native to northern Spain and widely cultivated as far south as
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becomes salified (increased levels of salt), which slows the disappearance of
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1502:. Siebeldingen, Germany: Institute for Grapevine Breeding Geilweilerhof (IRZ)
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where it received a cool reception not only due to the encroaching era of
331:
examples of Tempranillo usually exhibit flavors of plum and strawberries.
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2003:
1983:
1950:
1915:
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694:. California has since started to use it for fine wines, particularly in
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1346:"Texas Wine of the Month: Inwood Estates "Cornelious" Tempranillo, 2007"
1239:
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monks left Pinot noir cuttings at monasteries along their pilgrimage to
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1988:
1963:
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Tempranillo is known by other names in certain regions. These include:
718:
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2018:
2013:
1073:
573:
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In the Ribera del Duero the average July temperature is around 21.4°
1136:
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The grape plays a role in the production of wines in two regions of
2043:
1998:
1968:
1621:
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599:
581:
538:
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358:
In 2012, Tempranillo was discovered to be a natural cross between
288:. The grape has been planted throughout the globe's wine regions.
213:
205:
108:
46:
1455:. Federación Española de Asociaciones de Enólogos. Archived from
991:. Federación Española de Asociaciones de Enólogos. Archived from
752:, Tempranillo was one of the varieties pioneered in the state by
1595:
1551:
520:
378:
studies have shown no genetic connection between the cultivars.
2331:
1568:
1549:
1481:
pgs 17-38, 61-75, 107-109 University of California Press 2007
391:
settlement in the southern provinces. Later, according to the
249:
in Portugal, and several other synonyms elsewhere) is a black
2327:
760:
with its first commercial planting of the variety in 1993.
1376:"Deep in the Heart Exploring Austin's growing grape scene"
1098:"Is Tempranillo the next superstar of the new wine world?"
1406:
327:
where the wine easily takes on the flavor of the barrel.
407:, the Roman god of wine, that was unearthed in 1972, at
1564:
772:
Label showing both Tempranillo and the synonym used in
1498:
Maul, Erika; Töpfer, Reinhard; Eibach, Rudolf (2007).
924:"Genetic Origin of the Grapevine Cultivar Tempranillo"
1499:
1453:"Tempranillos al Mundo reveals winning wines of 2011"
1428:. Tauranga, New Zealand: APN Holdings. Archived from
1479:"Washington Wines and Wineries: The Essential Guide"
1291:(third ed.). Oxford University Press. pp.
963:"Spain's great indigenous grape variety Tempranillo"
2536:
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2365:
2232:
2194:
2089:
2066:
1949:
1836:
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1214:(third ed.). Oxford University Press. p.
191:
183:
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148:
138:
128:
114:
104:
92:
80:
72:
39:
1374:Dupuy, Jessica; Howard, Tracy (July–August 2011),
30:For the white mutation of this grape variety, see
1245:. University of California at Davis. p. 151.
965:. Massachusetts Beverage Business. Archived from
905:pgs 6-9, Second Revised Edition (2012), London,
588:, it is a major grape in the production of some
547:Tempranillo wines are ruby red in colour, while
466:
903:"Wine and Spirits: Understanding Wine Quality"
2343:
1580:
1280:
1278:
1260:(in Spanish). www.arrakis.com. Archived from
641:and the surrounding area, "Tinta de Toro" in
451:started significant Tempranillo plantations.
427:One result of this has been that Tempranillo
8:
1187:. Mitchell Beazley Publishing. p. 191.
717:, the grape was introduced by Earl Jones of
1022:. Madrid: Ediciones El Pais. Archived from
928:American Journal of Enology and Viticulture
2350:
2336:
2328:
1833:
1587:
1573:
1565:
1546:
1352:, Dallas: Emmis Publishing, archived from
1314:
1312:
473:but high altitude of the Ribera del Duero.
280:settlements. It is the main grape used in
61:
36:
1072:
1062:
1323:. London: Mitchell Beazley. p. 95.
1183:Johnson, Hugh; Robinson, Jancis (2005).
2528:Clarification and stabilization of wine
1500:"Vitis International Variety Catalogue"
1240:"Wine Grapes of California:Tempranillo"
840:
338:variety that tends to thrive in chalky
1451:Bianco, Cassandra (18 November 2011).
897:
895:
854:
852:
850:
848:
846:
844:
284:, and is often referred to as Spain's
1016:"Thieves take chisel to Roman mosaic"
863:. Supermarketguru.com. Archived from
7:
584:. In Portugal, where it is known as
1051:Electronic Journal of Biotechnology
901:Wine & Spirits Education Trust
67:Tempranillo in Viala & Vermorel
1014:Morales, Manuel (1 January 2012).
825:List of Portuguese grape varieties
815:International Grape Genome Program
506:continental Mediterranean climates
25:
1612:Annual growth cycle of grapevines
2591:
2299:
1541:Tempranillo, Spain's Noble Grape
1344:Dupuy, Jessica (15 April 2010),
794:
319:(known in Rioja as Mazuelo), or
1422:"Wine: Toiling behind the Vale"
1256:Hernández, Manuel Ruiz (1999).
1162:. Harcourt Books. p. 272.
1064:10.2225/vol6-issue3-fulltext-11
859:Manuel, Dennis (25 June 2001).
443:. During the 1990s, growers in
1384:, Portland, OR, archived from
1285:Robinson, Jancis, ed. (2006).
1208:Robinson, Jancis, ed. (2006).
989:"Protagonista: La Tempranillo"
1:
2554:Glossary of viticulture terms
1529:Grape varieties - Tempranillo
1420:Lorkin, Yvonne (2 May 2012).
961:Nesto, Bill (December 2004).
721:Vineyards and Winery, in the
702:. In Texas, the soils of the
515:The Tempranillo root absorbs
502:diurnal temperature variation
97:
2559:Glossary of winemaking terms
1288:The Oxford Companion to Wine
1211:The Oxford Companion to Wine
729:Tempranillo is grown in the
366:grape. According to legend,
163:
1096:Theron, Charl (July 2006).
210:Ripening Tempranillo grapes
2655:
2479:Yeast assimilable nitrogen
29:
2587:
2569:History of the wine press
2459:Sparkling wine production
2293:
1562:
1100:. Wynboer. Archived from
1020:El Pais (English edition)
645:, and "Ull de llebre" in
60:
44:
2639:Grape varieties of Spain
2624:Red wine grape varieties
2564:Wine tasting descriptors
2285:Wine tasting descriptors
2214:Phenolic content in wine
2106:Alternative wine closure
1690:Great French Wine Blight
1319:Mayson, Richard (2004).
810:List of Port wine grapes
323:for extended periods in
299:red wine varieties like
257:red wines in its native
178:Bodegas LĂłpez de Heredia
2454:Malolactic fermentation
1185:The World Atlas of Wine
940:10.5344/ajev.2012.12012
881:". Food & Function
381:Spanish cultivation of
96:Cencibel, Tinta Roriz (
1258:"Variedad Tempranillo"
1160:Encyclopedia of Grapes
777:
686:
605:
604:A Reserva level Rioja.
544:
489:
475:
372:Santiago de Compostela
219:
211:
2255:Wine and food pairing
820:International variety
771:
684:
603:
542:
481:Tempranillo vines in
480:
342:such as those of the
253:widely grown to make
217:
209:
1906:Muscat of Alexandria
1407:"Abacela - Homepage"
1104:on 27 September 2007
830:Phoenicians and wine
677:New World production
409:Baños de Valdearados
354:History and mutation
2484:Yeast in winemaking
2436:Carbonic maceration
1426:Bay of Plenty Times
1158:Clarke, Oz (2001).
754:Red Willow Vineyard
471:continental climate
73:Color of berry skin
2474:Traditional method
2275:Wine personalities
1979:Cabernet Sauvignon
1534:2007-09-27 at the
1321:Port and the Douro
995:on 23 January 2012
867:on April 25, 2009.
778:
687:
606:
578:Cabernet Sauvignon
545:
490:
487:Barcelona Province
334:Tempranillo is an
301:Cabernet Sauvignon
276:since the time of
261:. Its name is the
220:
212:
32:Tempranillo blanco
2611:
2610:
2605:
2604:
2375:Late harvest wine
2325:
2324:
2062:
2061:
1959:Alicante Bouschet
1707:Judgment of Paris
1524:VIVC Bibliography
1330:978-1-84000-943-9
1302:978-0-19-860990-2
1225:978-0-19-860990-2
1194:978-1-84000-332-1
1169:978-0-15-100714-1
758:Yakima Valley AVA
723:Umpqua Valley AVA
274:Iberian Peninsula
204:
203:
139:Pedigree parent 2
129:Pedigree parent 1
115:Original pedigree
16:(Redirected from
2646:
2596:
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2352:
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2219:Proteins in wine
1886:GrĂĽner Veltliner
1834:
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776:, Ull de Llebre.
750:Washington state
663:central Alentejo
639:Ribera del Duero
433:Ribera del Duero
401:Ribera del Duero
344:Ribera del Duero
218:Tempranillo leaf
160:Ribera del Duero
65:
54:
49:
37:
27:Variety of grape
21:
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2629:Portuguese wine
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2598:Wine portal
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2574:History of wine
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2403:Deacidification
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2306:Wine portal
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2190:
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1945:
1926:Sauvignon blanc
1861:Cayetana blanca
1829:
1827:grape varieties
1820:
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1558:
1536:Wayback Machine
1520:
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1459:on 29 July 2012
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1381:Imbibe Magazine
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340:vineyard soils
336:early ripening
239:Tinta del Pais
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2068:Major regions
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2024:Montepulciano
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2017:
2015:
2012:
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1487:0-520-24869-4
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1471:
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1454:
1447:
1444:
1432:on 2017-03-24
1431:
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1399:
1387:
1383:
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1356:on 2019-02-03
1355:
1351:
1350:Texas Monthly
1347:
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1322:
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1026:on 2019-07-23
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911:9781905819157
908:
904:
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884:
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874:
871:
866:
862:
861:"Tempranillo"
855:
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386:
385:
379:
377:
376:ampelographic
373:
369:
365:
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360:Albillo Mayor
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283:
279:
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271:
268:
264:
260:
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252:
251:grape variety
248:
244:
240:
236:
232:
228:
227:Ull de Llebre
224:
216:
208:
200:
197:
194:
190:
186:
182:
179:
176:
173:
171:Notable wines
169:
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137:
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127:
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64:
59:
55:
48:
43:
38:
33:
19:
2634:Spanish wine
2589:
2446:Fermentation
2297:
2280:Wine tasting
2048:
1901:Muscat blanc
1871:Chenin blanc
1668:Ancient Rome
1504:. Retrieved
1493:
1478:
1473:
1461:. Retrieved
1457:the original
1446:
1434:. Retrieved
1430:the original
1425:
1415:
1401:
1390:, retrieved
1386:the original
1379:
1369:
1358:, retrieved
1354:the original
1349:
1339:
1320:
1287:
1266:. Retrieved
1262:the original
1251:
1234:
1210:
1203:
1184:
1178:
1159:
1153:
1128:
1125:Science News
1124:
1118:
1108:30 September
1106:. Retrieved
1102:the original
1091:
1054:
1050:
1040:
1028:. Retrieved
1024:the original
1019:
1009:
997:. Retrieved
993:the original
983:
971:. Retrieved
967:the original
956:
931:
927:
917:
902:
882:
873:
865:the original
782:
779:
747:
731:McLaren Vale
712:
708:Hill Country
688:
656:
636:
612:
585:
565:
557:
546:
514:
510:
491:
467:
458:
449:South Africa
441:Penedès (DO)
425:
413:
382:
380:
357:
333:
295:Unlike more
294:
290:
269:
246:
242:
238:
234:
230:
226:
222:
221:
175:Vega Sicilia
84:
51:
2549:Wine bottle
2521:Other steps
2512:Wine cellar
2469:SĂĽssreserve
2161:Wine cellar
2151:Wine bottle
2092:accessories
2090:Packaging,
2049:Tempranillo
1678:Noah's wine
1658:Phoenicians
1604:Viticulture
1477:P. Gregutt
802:wine portal
704:High Plains
586:Tinta Roriz
568:in Spain),
560:in Spain),
508:like this.
455:Viticulture
421:Prohibition
374:. However,
286:noble grape
255:full-bodied
247:Tinta Roriz
241:in Spain,
223:Tempranillo
93:Also called
40:Tempranillo
2618:Categories
2428:Maceration
2418:Wine press
2408:Destemming
2359:Winemaking
2265:Wine fraud
2260:Wine fault
2245:Oenophilia
2181:Wine label
2176:Wine glass
2141:Port tongs
2039:Sangiovese
2034:Pinot noir
1994:Douce noir
1921:Rkatsiteli
1866:Chardonnay
1856:Catarratto
1830:by acreage
1804:Biodynamic
1767:Aromatized
1556:winemaking
1268:2007-04-04
836:References
632:Valdepeñas
590:Port wines
564:(known as
556:(known as
525:malic acid
498:Fahrenheit
417:California
389:Phoenician
368:Cistercian
364:Pinot noir
309:Pinot noir
305:Sangiovese
278:Phoenician
263:diminutive
235:Tinto Fino
2380:Noble rot
2270:Winemaker
2250:Sommelier
2186:Wine rack
2166:Wine cork
2156:Wine cave
2146:Screw cap
2116:Corkscrew
2081:New World
2076:Old World
2054:Zinfandel
2029:Mourvèdre
1936:Trebbiano
1876:Colombard
1777:Noble rot
1757:Fortified
1735:Sparkling
1702:New World
1083:0717-3458
1074:1807/2251
885:: 34-39.
774:Catalonia
735:Argentina
727:Australia
671:port wine
647:Catalonia
634:regions.
620:Andalusia
529:limestone
517:potassium
462:Oz Clarke
445:Australia
397:Columella
348:port wine
162:, Spain (
133:Benedicto
119:Benedicto
2395:Pressing
2317:Glossary
2233:Industry
2126:Jug wine
2121:Decanter
2111:Box wine
2009:Isabella
2004:Grenache
1984:Carignan
1931:SĂ©millon
1916:Riesling
1911:Palomino
1654:Ancient
1637:Vineyard
1632:Veraison
1617:Oenology
1532:Archived
1463:16 April
1392:18 April
1360:18 April
999:16 April
973:16 April
948:97583632
788:See also
764:Synonyms
700:Monterey
692:jug wine
659:Portugal
653:Portugal
570:Graciano
562:Carignan
558:Garnacha
554:Grenache
485:region,
429:varietal
329:Varietal
317:Carignan
313:Grenache
297:aromatic
270:temprano
243:Aragonez
231:Cencibel
2579:Terroir
2537:Related
2385:Vintage
2367:Harvest
2312:Outline
2136:Muselet
2098:storage
1989:Cinsaut
1964:Barbera
1891:Macabeo
1851:Aligoté
1809:Organic
1799:Natural
1752:Dessert
1697:Georgia
1647:History
1627:Terroir
1622:Species
1145:4015089
756:in the
719:Abacela
628:Navarra
624:Penedès
596:Regions
566:Mazuela
496:(70.5°
494:Celsius
483:Penedès
464:notes:
437:Navarra
405:Bacchus
395:writer
267:Spanish
265:of the
184:Hazards
157:, Spain
143:Albillo
123:Albillo
81:Species
2544:Winery
2507:Solera
2131:Kvevri
2019:Merlot
2014:Malbec
1814:Kosher
1790:Other
1745:Orange
1718:Styles
1685:France
1506:17 May
1485:
1436:11 May
1327:
1299:
1222:
1191:
1166:
1143:
1081:
1030:12 May
946:
909:
743:Mexico
741:, and
715:Oregon
574:Merlot
549:aromas
439:, and
195:number
105:Origin
2494:Aging
2044:Syrah
1999:Gamay
1969:Bobal
1881:Glera
1846:Airén
1838:White
1794:Table
1782:Straw
1772:Fruit
1730:White
1673:China
1552:Wines
1293:691–2
1243:(PDF)
1141:JSTOR
1057:(3).
944:S2CID
739:Chile
667:Douro
616:Airén
609:Spain
582:Syrah
535:Wines
393:Roman
282:Rioja
259:Spain
199:12350
155:Rioja
109:Spain
53:Vitis
47:Grape
2096:and
1825:Top
1740:Rosé
1596:Wine
1554:and
1508:2012
1483:ISBN
1465:2012
1438:2012
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