HGM-25A Titan I - Knowledge (XXG)

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had its first stage damaged in another accident. On 5 February, LC-16 returned to action by hosting Missile C-4. The second attempt at a Lot C Titan failed at T+52 seconds when the guidance compartment collapsed, causing the RVX-3 reentry vehicle to separate. The missile pitched down and the first stage LOX tank ruptured from aerodynamic loads, blowing the stage to pieces. After the first stage destroyed itself, the second stage separated and began engine ignition, sensing that normal staging had taken place. With no attitude control, it began tumbling end-over-end and quickly lost thrust. The stage plummeted into the Atlantic Ocean some 30–40 miles downrange After the successful flight of Missile G-4 on 24 February, Missile C-1's second stage failed to ignite on 8 March due to a stuck valve preventing the gas generator from starting.The last Lot C missile was C-6 which flew successfully on April 28. The Lot G missiles incorporated several design improvements to correct problems encountered on previous Titan launches. On 1 July, the newly opened LC-20 hosted its first launch when Missile J-2, an operational prototype, was flown. Unfortunately, a broken hydraulic line caused the Titan's engines to gimbal hard left almost as soon as the tower was cleared. The missile pitched over and flew onto a near-horizontal plane when Range Safety sent the destruct command at T+11 seconds. The burning remains of the Titan impacted 300 meters from the pad in an enormous fireball. The piece of plumbing responsible for the missile failure was retrieved—it had popped out of its sleeve resulting in loss of first stage hydraulic pressure. The sleeve was not tight enough to hold the hydraulic line in place, and the pressure being imparted into it at liftoff was enough to pop it loose. Examination of other Titan missiles found more defective hydraulic lines, and the Missile J-2 debacle caused a wholesale review of manufacturing processes and improved parts testing.

656:-minute intervals. Titan I utilized radio-inertial command guidance. The inertial guidance system originally intended for the missile was instead eventually deployed in the Atlas E and F missiles. Less than a year later the Air Force considered deploying the Titan I with an all-inertial guidance system but that change never occurred. (The Atlas series was intended to be the first generation of American ICBMs and Titan II (as opposed to Titan I) was to be the second generation deployed). The Titan 1 was controlled by an autopilot which was informed of the missile's attitude by a rate gyro assembly consisting of 3 gyroscopes. During the first minute or two of the flight a pitch programmer put the missile on the correct path. From that point the AN/GRW-5 guidance radar tracked a transmitter on the missile. The guidance radar fed missile position data to the AN/GSK-1 (Univac Athena) missile guidance computer in the Launch Control Center. The guidance computer used the tracking data to generate instructions which were encoded and transmitted to the missile by the guidance radar. Guidance input/output between the guidance radar and guidance computer occurred 10 times a second. Guidance commands continued for the stage 1 burn, the stage 2 burn and the vernier burn ensuring the missile was on the correct trajectory and terminating the vernier burn at the desired velocity. The last thing the guidance system did was to determine if the missile was on the right trajectory and pre-arm the warhead which then separated from the second stage. In case of the failure of the guidance system at one site, the guidance system at another site could be used to guide the missiles of the site with the failure. 918:

January 1962. There were 59 XSM-68 Titan Is manufactured I in 7 developmental lots. One hundred and one SM-68 Titan I missiles were produced to equip six squadrons of nine missiles each across Western America. Fifty-four missiles were in silos in total, with one missile as a spare on standby at each squadron, bringing to 60 in service at any one time. Titan was originally planned for a 1 X 10 (one control center with 10 launchers) "soft" site. In mid-1958 it was decided that the American Bosh Arma all-inertial guidance system designed for Titan would, because production was insufficient, be assigned to Atlas and the Titan would switch to radio-inertial guidance. The decision was made to deploy Titan squadrons in a "hardened" 3 X 3 (three sites with one control center and three silos each) to reduce the number of guidance systems required. (Radio-inertial guided Atlas D squadrons were similarly sited).

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part, was selected as the contractor because it had "recognized the 'magnitude of the altitude start problem' for the second stage and had a good suggestion for solving it." Titan I's second-stage engines were reliable enough to be ignited at altitude, after separation from the first stage booster. The first stage, besides including heavy fuel tanks and engines, also had launch interface equipment and the launch pad thrust ring with it. When the first stage had finished consuming its propellant, it dropped away, thereby decreasing the mass of the vehicle. Titan I's ability to jettison this mass prior to the ignition of the second stage meant that Titan I had a much greater total range (and a greater range per pound of second-stage fuel) than Atlas, even if the total fuel load of Atlas had been greater. As North American Aviation's

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raising the launcher and missile out of the silo on an elevator. Before each launch, the guidance radar, which was periodically calibrated by acquiring a special target at a precisely known range and bearing, had to acquire a radio on the missile (missile guidance set AN/DRW-18, AN/DRW-19, AN/DRW-20, AN/DRW-21, or AN/DRW-22). When the missile was launched, the guidance radar tracked the missile and supplied precise velocity range and azimuth data to the guidance computer, which then generated guidance corrections that were transmitted to the missile. Because of this, the complex could only launch and track one missile at a time, although another could be elevated while the first was being guided.

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first stage burn, but after second stage separation, the fuel valve to the gas generator failed to open, preventing engine start. Missiles AJ-12 and AJ-15 in March were lost due to turbopump problems. Missile M-1's second stage lost thrust when the hydraulic pump failed. Missile SM-2 experienced early first stage shutdown; although the second stage burn was successful, it had to run to propellant depletion instead of a timed cutoff. The added stress of this operation apparently resulted in a failure of either the gas generator or turbopump, as the vernier solo phase ended prematurely. Missile M-6's second stage failed to start when an electrical relay malfunctioned and reset the ignition timer.

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Air Force wanted to retain 5 Titan sites and the General Services Administration had earmarked 1 for possible use. The USAF removed equipment it had uses for, the rest was offered to other government agencies. Eventually no sites were retained and all were salvaged. The chosen method was the Service and Salvage contract, which required the contractor to remove the equipment the government wanted before proceeding with scrapping. This accounts for the varied degree of salvage at the sites today. Most are sealed today, with one in Colorado that is easily entered but also very unsafe. One is open for tours.

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crucial to avoid possible destruction by incoming missiles. Even though Titan complexes were designed to withstand nearby nuclear blasts antenna and missile extended for launch and guidance were quite susceptible to even a relatively distant miss. The missiles sites of a squadron were placed at least 17 (usually 20 to 30) miles apart so that a single nuclear weapon could not take out two sites. The sites also had to be close enough that if a site's guidance system failed it could "handover" its missiles to another site of the squadron.

1273:(AKA "Star Wars" program), a scrapped Titan I Second Stage was used in a Missile Defense test. The MIRACL Near Infrared Laser, at White Sands Missile Range, NM was fired at a stationary Titan I second stage that was fixed to the ground. The second stage burst and was destroyed by the laser blast. The second stage was pressurized with nitrogen gas to 60-psi and did not contain any fuel or oxidizer. A follow-up test 6 days later was conducted on a scrapped Thor IRBM, its remnants reside at the SLC-10 Museum at Vandenberg AFB. 3037: 968: 471:

the Western Development Division and Brigadier General Bernard Schriever was detailed to command it. Schriever devised an entirely new organization for program management. The Air Force was to act as "prime contractor," the Ramo-Woolridge Corporation was contracted to provide systems engineering and technical direction of all ballistic missiles. The airframe contractor also would assemble the sub-systems provided by other Air Force contractors. At the time, this new organization was very controversial.

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Despite counterarguments that the Titan offered greater performance and growth potential than the Atlas as a missile and space launch vehicle, the Titan program was under constant budgetary pressure. In the summer of 1957 budget cuts led Secretary of Defense Wilson to reduce the Titan production rate from the proposed seven per month to two a month, which left the Titan as a research and development program only. However, the

1251:. It did not make economic sense to refurbish them as SM-65 Atlas missiles with similar payload capacities had already been converted to satellite launchers. About 33 were distributed to museums, parks and schools as static displays (see list below). The remaining 50 missiles were scrapped at Mira Loma AFS near San Bernardino, CA; the last was broken up in 1972, in accordance with the SALT-I Treaty of 1 February 1972. 1320: 1481: 1196:

there was a site commander, site maintenance officer, site chief, job controller/expediter, tool crib operator, power house chief, three pad chiefs, three assistant pad chiefs, another cook and more air police. There could be a number of electricians, plumbers, power production technicians, air conditioning technicians, and other specialist when maintenance was being performed.

38: 587:. The plan was to load the missile with propellant, raise it up to firing position, and then lower it back into the silo. Unfortunately, the silo elevator collapsed, causing the Titan to fall back down and explode. The blast was so violent that it ejected a service tower from inside the silo and launched it some distance into the air before coming back down. 544:

feet before the engines shut down and it fell back onto LC-19 in a fiery explosion. Postflight investigation found that the hold-down bolts released prematurely, causing B-5 to lift before full thrust rise had been achieved. A still-attached umbilical sent a shutdown command to the engines. LC-19 was badly damaged and would not be used again for six months.

1045: 1031: 1017: 1003: 989: 975: 607:. The launch pads at Cape Canaveral were quickly converted for the new vehicle. Vandenberg Launch Complex 395 continued to provide for operational test launches. The last Titan I launch was from LC 395A silo A-2 in March 1965. After a brief period as an operational ICBM, it was retired from service in 1965 when Defense Secretary 556:

relay into a vibration-prone area during repair work on the missile and testing confirmed that the shock from the pad hold-down bolts firing was enough to set off the relay. The pad was not as badly damaged as LC-19 had been from the B-5 mishap as C-3 had not actually lifted and it was repaired in only two months.

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By November 1965 the Air Force Logistics Command had determined that the cost of modifying the widely dispersed sites to support other ballistic missiles was prohibitive, and attempts were made to find new uses. By Spring 1966 a number of possible uses and users had been identified. By 6 May 1966 the

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These early complexes while safe from a nearby nuclear detonation, however, had certain drawbacks. First, the missiles took about 15 minutes to fuel, and then, one at a time, had to be lifted to the surface on elevators for launching and guidance, which slowed their reaction time. Rapid launching was

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guidance radar antennas, and three launchers each composed of: three equipment terminals, three propellant terminals, and three missile silos. All connected by an extensive network of tunnels. Both antenna terminals and all three launchers were isolated with double door blast locks the doors of which

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toward the target. On-board Titan attitude control rolled the missile to maintain the missile antenna aligned to the ground antenna. Computer commands were transmitted to the missile from a ground transmitter a "quarter mile out" (400 m). Completed in 1957, the Athena weighed 21,000 pounds (11

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missile guidance system. The Athena was the "first transistorized digital computer to be produced in numbers." It consisted of ten cabinets plus console on a 13.5 by 20 foot (4.1 by 6 m) floor plan. It used radar tracking of the missile to compute Titan flight data to the necessary burn-out point to

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had to be loaded onto the missile just before launch from an underground storage tank, and the missile raised above ground on the enormous elevator system, exposing the missile for some time before launch. The complexity of the system combined with its relatively slow reaction time – fifteen minutes

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The four A-type missile launches with dummy second stages all occurred in 1959 and were carried out on 6 February, 25 February, 3 April, and 4 May. The guidance system and stage separation all performed well, and aerodynamic drag was lower than anticipated. Titan I was the first program to have a new

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The reduction in the mass of nuclear warheads allowed full coverage of the entire Sino-Soviet land mass, and the missile control capabilities were also upgraded. The Titan I would be fully independent in controlled flight from launch to the ballistic release of the warhead, which would descend to its

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Weapon System 107A-2 was a weapon system. It encompassed all of the equipment and even the bases for the Titan I strategic missile. The Titan I was first American ICBM designed to be based in underground silos, and it gave USAF managers, contractors and missile crews valuable experience building and

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Twelve more Titan Is were flown in 1963–65, with the finale being Missile SM-33, flown on 5 March 1965. The only total failure in this last stretch of flights was when Missile V-4 (1 May 1963) suffered a stuck gas generator valve and loss of engine thrust at liftoff. The Titan fell over and exploded

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On 2 February 1960, LC-19 returned to action as Missile B-7A marked the first successful flight of a Titan with a live upper stage--this was a composite missile as B-7's original upper stage was damaged months earlier in an accident and it was replaced with the upper stage from Missile B-6 which had

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At 1:11 PM EST on December 12, Missile C-3 launched from LC-16. The engines started, but the missile almost immediately disappeared in a fireball. The mishap was quickly traced to the Range Safety destruct charges on the first stage inadvertently going off. Martin technicians had moved the activator

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sent Martin an angry letter calling their handling of the Titan program "inexcusable." Ritland's disciplinary blast had little effect for the time being. On December 10, the first attempt was made to launch a Lot C missile, which would be a complete Titan I with all systems and a detachable warhead.

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The launch crew was composed of a missile combat crew commander, missile launch officer (MLO), guidance electronics officer (GEO), ballistic missile analyst technician (BMAT), and two electrical power production technicians (EPPT). There were also a cook and two Air Police. During normal duty hours

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oxidizer had to be pumped aboard the missile just before launch, and complex equipment was required to store and move this liquid. In its brief career, a total of six USAF squadrons were equipped with the Titan I missile. Each squadron was deployed in a 3x3 configuration, which meant each squadron

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Missile B-5 was intended to launch from LC-19 as the first flight article Lot B missile, incorporating most Titan I missile systems but with a dummy warhead. A planned launch on July 31 was scrubbed due to fuel system problems. At about noon on August 5, B-5 was launched. The missile rose about ten

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oxidizer could not be stored for long periods of time, increasing the response time as the missile had to be raised out of its silo and loaded with oxidizer before a launch could occur. The main improvements of the Titan I over the first Atlas's deployed were vertical storage in a fully underground

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made the decision to phase out all first generation cryogenically fueled missiles in favor of newer hypergolic and solid-fueled models. While decommissioned Atlas (and later Titan II) missiles were recycled and utilized for space launches, the Titan I inventory were stored and eventually scrapped.

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Missile C-3 was prepared for launch but much like with B-5, a premature shutdown command was sent due to failure of an umbilical to detach, fortunately the missile had not been released from the pad. The umbilical was quickly repaired but any relief at having avoided near-disaster was short-lived.

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The Titan, proposed as a fallback in case the Atlas failed, was by December 1956 accepted by some as a "principal ingredient of the national ballistic missile force." At the same time, others pushed for the cancellation of the Titan program almost from the beginning, arguing that it was redundant.

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missiles had slipped an average of 5 years and had cost overruns of 300 per cent or more. In response, the Teapot Committee was tasked with evaluating requirements for ballistic missiles and methods of accelerating their development. As a result of the ensuing recommendations, the USAF established

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Titan I also was the first true multi-stage (two or more stages) design. The Atlas missile had all three of its main rocket engines ignited at launch (two were jettisoned during flight) due to concerns about igniting rocket engines at high altitude and maintaining combustion stability. Martin, in

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A total of 21 Titan I launches took place during 1961, with five failures. On 20 January 1961, Missile AJ-10 launched from LC-19 at CCAS. The flight ended in failure when an improper disconnect of a pad umbilical caused an electrical short in the second stage. The Titan performed well through the

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The string of failures during 1959–60 led to complaints from the Air Force that Martin–Marietta weren't taking the Titan project seriously (since it was just a backup to the primary Atlas ICBM program) and displayed an indifferent, careless attitude that resulted in easily avoidable failure modes

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With attention shifting to the Titan II, there were only six Titan I flights during 1962, with one failure, when Missile SM-4 (21 January) experienced an electrical short in the second stage hydraulic actuator, which gimbaled hard left at T+98 seconds. Staging was performed successfully, but the

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The production of operational missiles began during the final stages of the flight test program. An operational specification SM-2 missile was launched from Vandenberg AFB LC-395-A3 on 21 January 1962, with the M7 missile launched on the last development flight from Cape Canaveral's LC-19 on 29

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A total of 62 flight test missiles were constructed in various numbers. The first successful launch was on 5 February 1959 with Titan I A3, and the last test flight was on 29 January 1962 with Titan I M7. Of the missiles produced, 49 launched and two exploded: six A-types (four launched), seven

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The distance between the antenna silos and the most distant missile silo was between 1,000 and 1,300 feet (400 m). These were by far the most complex, extensive and expensive missile launch facilities ever deployed by the USAF. Launching a missile required fueling it in its silo, and then

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The next launch at the end of the month (Missile J-4) suffered premature first stage shutdown and landed far short of its planned impact point. Cause of the failure was a LOX valve closing prematurely, which resulted in the rupture of a propellant duct and thrust termination. Missile J-6 on 24

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missile succeed on the initial attempt, which left launch crews unprepared for the series of failures that followed. Missile B-4 exploded from a LOX pump failure during a static firing at Martin's Denver test stand in May and assorted other mishaps occurred in the following two months.

442:(SM-65/HGM-16) ICBM, serving as a backup with potentially greater capabilities and an incentive for the Atlas contractor to work harder. Martin was selected as the contractor due to its proposed organization and method of igniting a liquid fueled engine at high altitude. 628:

with an effective range of 6,101 nautical miles (11,300 km). The first stage delivered 300,000 pounds (1,330 kN) of thrust, the second stage 80,000 pounds (356 kN). The fact that Titan I, like Atlas, burned Rocket Propellant 1

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The previous strategic missile programs of the Air Force had been administered using the "single prime contractor concept" (later called the weapon system concept). This had resulted in three badly botched programs; the programs of the

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Spirres, David 2012, On Alert An Operational History of the United States Air Force Intercontinental Ballistic Missile (ICBM) Program, 1945-2011, Air Force Space Command, United States Air Force, Colorado Springs, Colorado, 2012, p.

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target by the combination of gravity and air resistance alone. In May 1955 the Air Materiel Command invited contractors to submit proposals and bids for the two stage Titan I ICBM, formally beginning the program. In September 1955,

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By January 1955, the size of nuclear weapons had been shrinking dramatically, allowing the possibility of building a bomb that could be carried by a missile of reasonable size. The Titan I program began on the recommendation of the

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Spirers, David N., “On Alert An Operational History of the United States Air Force Intercontinental Ballistic Missile (ICBM) Program, 1945-2011,” Air Force Space Command, United States Air Force, Colorado Springs, Colorado,

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On Alert An Operational History of the United States Air Force Intercontinental Ballistic Missile (ICBM) Program, 1945-2011, Spires, David, p 147, Air Force Space Command, United States Air Force, Colorado Springs, Colorado

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working in vast complexes containing everything the missiles and crews needed for operation and survival. The complexes were composed of an entry portal, control center, powerhouse, terminal room, two antenna silos for the

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Lonnquest, John C and Winkler, David F., “To Defend and Deter: the Legacy of the Cold War Missile program,” U.S. Army Construction Engineering Research Laboratories, Champaign, IL Defense Publishing Service, Rock Island,

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Although most of the Titan I's teething problems were worked out by 1961, the missile was already eclipsed not only by the Atlas, but by its own design successor, the Titan II, a bigger, more powerful ICBM with storable

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B-types (two launched), six C-types (five launched), ten G-types (seven launched), 22 J-types (22 launched), four V-types (four launched), and seven M-types (seven launched). Missiles were tested and launched in

5193: 430:(USAF) their findings of the technical feasibility to develop weapons (bombs) and their delivery systems (intercontinental range ballistic missiles) that were completely invulnerable to "surprise" attack. 397:

missile development ran into problems, the Titan was ultimately beaten into service by Atlas. Deployment went ahead anyway to more rapidly increase the number of missiles on alert and because the Titan's

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was operational for only three years, it spawned numerous follow-on models that were a part of the U.S. arsenal and space launch capability. The Titan I was unique among the Titan models in that it used

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could not be open at the same time. This was to ensure that if there was an explosion in a missile launcher or the site was under attack, only the exposed antenna and/or missile silo would be damaged.

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The Titan I was considered for use as the first missile to put a man in space. Two of the firms responding to an Air Force "Request for Proposal" for "Project 7969," an early USAF project to "Put a

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Kaplan, Albert B. and Keyes, Lt. Colonel George W.1962 Lowry Area History 29 September 1958 – December 1961, U.S. Army Corps of Engineers Ballistic Missile Construction Office (CEBMCO), 1962, pg. 4.

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United States Air Force, The T.O. 21M-HGM25A-1-1 Technical Manual Operation and Organizational Maintenance HGM-25A Missile Weapon System, United States Air Force, 1964, paragraph 1-159 - 6-1 - 6-4

672:-AJ-3 (booster) and LR91-AJ-3 (sustainer). George P. Sutton wrote "Aerojet's most successful set of large LPRE was that for the booster and sustainer stages of the versions of the Titan vehicle". 2058:

United States Air Force, The T.O. 21M-HGM25A-1-1 Technical Manual Operation and Organizational Maintenance HGM-25A Missile Weapon System, United States Air Force, 1964, paragraph 1-159 - 1-161

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Clemmer, Wilbur E..1966, Phase-Out of the Atlas E and F and Titan I Weapon Systems, Wright-Patterson Air Force Base: Historical Research Division Air Force Logistics Command, 1966, p. 22-23.

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Clemmer, Wilbur E..1966, Phase-Out of the Atlas E and F and Titan I Weapon Systems, Wright-Patterson Air Force Base: Historical Research Division Air Force Logistics Command, 1962, p. 49.

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Clemmer, Wilbur E..1966, Phase-Out of the Atlas E and F and Titan I Weapon Systems, Wright-Patterson Air Force Base: Historical Research Division Air Force Logistics Command, 1962, p. 31.

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Clemmer, Wilbur E..1966, Phase-Out of the Atlas E and F and Titan I Weapon Systems, Wright-Patterson Air Force Base: Historical Research Division Air Force Logistics Command, 1962, p. 28.

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Clemmer, Wilbur E..1966, Phase-Out of the Atlas E and F and Titan I Weapon Systems, Wright-Patterson Air Force Base: Historical Research Division Air Force Logistics Command, 1962, p. 25.

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was declared the contractor for the Titan missile. In early October the Air Force's Western Development Division was ordered to start work. The Titan was developed in parallel with the

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United States Air Force, The T.O. 21M-HGM25A-1-1 Technical Manual Operation and Organizational Maintenance HGM-25A Missile Weapon System, United States Air Force, 1964, paragraph 1-159

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United States Air Force, The T.O. 21M-HGM25A-1-1 Technical Manual Operation and Organizational Maintenance HGM-25A Missile Weapon System, United States Air Force, 1964, paragraph 1-173

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United States Air Force The T.O. 21M-HGM25A-1-1 Technical Manual Operation and Organizational Maintenance HGM-25A Missile Weapon System, United States Air Force, 1964, paragraph 1-159

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United States Air Force, The T.O. 21M-HGM25A-1-1 Technical Manual Operation and Organizational Maintenance HGM-25A Missile Weapon System, United States Air Force, 1964, Pg 7-1 - 7-3

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United States Air Force, The T.O. 21M-HGM25A-1-1 Technical Manual Operation and Organizational Maintenance HGM-25A Missile Weapon System, United States Air Force, 1964, page 3-100

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United States Air Force The T.O. 21M-HGM25A-1-1 Technical Manual Operation and Organizational Maintenance HGM-25A Missile Weapon System, United States Air Force, 1964, Figure 1-43

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was used as an undergraduate project until 1971, when the former electrical engineering undergraduate students (Athena Systems Development Group) orchestrated its donation to the

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United States Air Force, The T.O. 21M-HGM25A-1-1 Technical Manual Operation and Organizational Maintenance HGM-25A Missile Weapon System, United States Air Force, 1964, page 6-1

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Green Warren E., 1962, The Development of the SM-68 Titan, Wright-Patterson Air Force Base: Air Force Systems Command, 1962, AFSC Historical Publications Series 62-23-1, p. 77.

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United States Air Force, The T.O. 21M-HGM25A-1-1 Technical Manual Operation and Organizational Maintenance HGM-25A Missile Weapon System, United States Air Force, 1964, Pg 1-52

2518:

Green Warren E..1962, The Development of the SM-68 Titan, Wright-Patterson Air Force Base: Air Force Systems Command, 1962, AFSC Historical Publications Series 62-23-1, p. 85.

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United States Air Force, The T.O. 21M-HGM25A-1-1 Technical Manual Operation and Organizational Maintenance HGM-25A Missile Weapon System, United States Air Force, 1964, Pg 1-9

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Green, Warren E., The Development of the SM-68 Titan, Wright-Patterson Air Force Base: Air Force Systems Command, 1962, AFSC Historical Publications Series 62-23-1, p. 128.

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Green, Warren E., The Development of the SM-68 Titan, Wright-Patterson Air Force Base: Air Force Systems Command, 1962, AFSC Historical Publications Series 62-23-1, p. vi.

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Green, Warren E., The Development of the SM-68 Titan, Wright-Patterson Air Force Base: Air Force Systems Command, 1962, AFSC Historical Publications Series 62-23-1, p. 54.

1859:"NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS) 19730015128: Long life assurance study for manned spacecraft long life hardware. Volume 3: Long life assurance studies of components" 1847:

Green, Warren E., The Development of the SM-68 Titan, Wright-Patterson Air Force Base: Air Force Systems Command, 1962, AFSC Historical Publications Series 62-23-1, p. 96.

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Green, Warren E., The Development of the SM-68 Titan, Wright-Patterson Air Force Base: Air Force Systems Command, 1962, AFSC Historical Publications Series 62-23-1, p. 95.

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Green, Warren E., The Development of the SM-68 Titan, Wright-Patterson Air Force Base: Air Force Systems Command, 1962, AFSC Historical Publications Series 62-23-1, p. 94.

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Green, Warren E., The Development of the SM-68 Titan, Wright-Patterson Air Force Base: Air Force Systems Command, 1962, AFSC Historical Publications Series 62-23-1, p. 93.

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Green, Warren E., The Development of the SM-68 Titan, Wright-Patterson Air Force Base: Air Force Systems Command, 1962, AFSC Historical Publications Series 62-23-1, p. 91.

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Green, Warren E., The Development of the SM-68 Titan, Wright-Patterson Air Force Base: Air Force Systems Command, 1962, AFSC Historical Publications Series 62-23-1, p. 41.

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Green, Warren E., The Development of the SM-68 Titan, Wright-Patterson Air Force Base: Air Force Systems Command, 1962, AFSC Historical Publications Series 62-23-1, p. 37.

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Green, Warren E., The Development of the SM-68 Titan, Wright-Patterson Air Force Base: Air Force Systems Command, 1962, AFSC Historical Publications Series 62-23-1, p. 36.

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Green, Warren E., The Development of the SM-68 Titan, Wright-Patterson Air Force Base: Air Force Systems Command, 1962, AFSC Historical Publications Series 62-23-1, p. 23.

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Green, Warren E.. The Development of the SM-68 Titan, Wright-Patterson Air Force Base: Air Force Systems Command, 1962, AFSC Historical Publications Series 62-23-1, p. 17.

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Green, Warren E., The Development of the SM-68 Titan, Wright-Patterson Air Force Base: Air Force Systems Command, 1962, AFSC Historical Publications Series 62-23-1, p. 17.

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Green, Warren E., The Development of the SM-68 Titan, Wright-Patterson Air Force Base: Air Force Systems Command, 1962, AFSC Historical Publications Series 62-23-1, p. 11.

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Green, Warren E., The Development of the SM-68 Titan, Wright-Patterson Air Force Base: Air Force Systems Command, 1962, AFSC Historical Publications Series 62-23-1, p. vi.

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Of the 33 Titan I Strategic Missiles and two (plus five possible) Research and Development Missiles that were not launched, destroyed, or scrapped, several survive today:

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Green, Warren E., The Development of the SM-68 Titan, Wright-Patterson Air Force Base: Air Force Systems Command, 1962, AFSC Historical Publications Series 62-23-1, p. 24

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Green, Warren E., The Development of the SM-68 Titan, Wright-Patterson Air Force Base: Air Force Systems Command, 1962, AFSC Historical Publications Series 62-23-1, p. 4.

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Green, Warren E., The Development of the SM-68 Titan, Wright-Patterson Air Force Base: Air Force Systems Command, 1962, AFSC Historical Publications Series 62-23-1, p. 3.

1303: 1291: 1279: 500:, which started 5 October 1957, ended any talk of canceling Titan. Priority was restored, and 1958 saw increases in funding and plans for additional Titan squadrons. 664:

Division was the only manufacturer of large liquid propellent rocket engines the Air Force Western Development Division decided to develop a second source for them.

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to load, followed by the time required to raise and launch the first missile. Following the launch of the first missile the other two could reportedly be fired at

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Although Titan I's two stages gave it true intercontinental range and foreshadowed future multistage rockets, its propellants were dangerous and hard to handle.

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October set a record by flying 6100 miles. The J series resulted in minor changes to alleviate the second stage shutting down prematurely or failing to ignite.

1404:. It has been restored to correct external appearance and is now vertically displayed on the grounds. Its upper stage engine was also restored and on display. 1366: 2461:

Simpson, Col. Charlie, LOX and RP-1 – Fire Waiting to Happen, Brekenridge, Colorado: Association of Air Force Missileers, Volume 14, Number 3 2006, p. 1.

2225: 1789:

Cleary, Mark, The 6555th Missile and Space Launches Through 1970, 45th Space Wing History Office, Patrick Air Force Base, Florida, Chapter III Section 6

967: 4712: 1912:

Marsh, Lt. Col.Robert E., Launch of The Blue Gander Door, Brekenridge, Colorado: Association of Air Force Missileers, Volume 4, Number 1 1996, p. 8.

2907:

United States Air Force, “T.O. 21M-HGM25A-1-1, “Technical Manual, Operation and Organizational Maintenance USAF Model HGM-25A Missile Weapon System

4810: 4191: 2995: 2844:

Green, Warren E., “The Development of The SM-68 Titan”, Historical Office Deputy Commander for Aerospace Systems, Air Force Systems Command, 1962

2749: 2348: 2092:

Hoselton, Gary A., Titan I Guidance System, Brekenridge, Colorado: Association of Air Force Missileers, Volume 6, Number 1, March, 1998, p. 6.

2083:

Hoselton, Gary A., Titan I Guidance System, Brekenridge, Colorado: Association of Air Force Missileers, Volume 6, Number 1, March, 1998, p. 5.

2031:

Hoselton, Gary A., Titan I Guidance System, Brekenridge, Colorado: Association of Air Force Missileers, Volume 6, Number 1, March, 1998, p. 4.

4717: 4501: 3552: 3277: 3272: 2863: 2736: 2581:

Hoselton, Gary A., Titan I Guidance System, Brekenridge, Colorado: Association of Air Force Missileers, Volume 6, Number 1, March 1998, p. 5.

2572:

Hoselton, Gary A., Titan I Guidance System, Brekenridge, Colorado: Association of Air Force Missileers, Volume 6, Number 1, March 1998, p. 7.

2072: 1058: 4036: 2876: 2868:

Rosenberg, Max, “The Air Force and The National Guided Missile Program 1944-1949,” USAF Historical Division Liaison Office, Ann Arbor, 1964

474:

The Titan I represented an evolution of technology when compared to the Atlas missile program, but shared many of the Atlas' problems. The

2136:

Sutton, George P, History of Liquid Propellent Rocket Engines, Reston Virginia: American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics, 2006,

1943: 1258:

The 26 ATHENA guidance computers, when declared surplus by the federal government, went to various United States universities. The one at

508:

The Titan I flight testing consisted of the first stage only Series I, the cancelled Series II, and Series III with the complete missile.

547:

Further problems occurred over the next several months. Missiles continued to be damaged through careless personnel mistakes and General

4752: 4626: 2946: 1332: 4747: 3293: 2193: 1663:

Sheehan, Neil 2009, A Fiery Peace in a Cold War Bernard Schriever and the Ultimate Weapon, New York: Vintage Books, 2009, pp. 255–257.

1654:

Sheehan, Neil 2009, A Fiery Peace in a Cold War Bernard Schriever and the Ultimate Weapon, New York: Vintage Books, 2009, pp. 233–234.

885:

radars in silos each with "20 foot (6 m) tall antenna" raised prior to launch and locked to the raised Titan's "missileborne antenna".

367: 3267: 2901: 2891: 2614: 2527:

Hoselton, Gary A., Titan I Guidance System, Brekenridge, Colorado: Association of Air Force Missileers, Volume 6, Number 1998, p. 6.

2449: 2141: 2115: 1972: 1931: 1892: 1735: 1472: 1380:

SM-61 60-3706 Gotte Park, Kimball, NE (only first stage standing, damaged by winds in '96?) Vertical (damaged by winds 7/94 ?)

3318: 1903:

See, Earl , Titan Missile Memoirs, Huntington Beach, California: American Aviation Historical Society Journal, Summer 2014, p. 118.

2896:

Sutton, George P., “History of Liquid Propellant Rocket Engines,” American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Reston, VA,

1858: 1432: 714:

Total production missiles built: 163 Titan 1s; 62 R&D Missiles – 49 launched & 101 Strategic Missiles (SMs) – 17 launched.

4672: 4516: 4228: 3206: 2930: 1163: 1144: 1125: 1106: 1087: 1068: 517: 149: 45: 2386: 5139: 2920: 1266:. One remained in use at Vandenberg AFB until it guided a last Thor-Agena launch in May 1972. It had guided over 400 missiles. 1220:

were deployed in 1963, the Titan I and Atlas missiles became obsolete. They were retired from service as ICBMs in early 1965.

5198: 4707: 2815: 3262: 1501:

SM-?? (stg. 1 only) Science Museum, Bayamon, Puerto Rico (top half from Bell's Junkyard) Vert. (stg 1 mated to stg 1 above)

2789: 1985: 4777: 4521: 4429: 4414: 1492:

SM-?? (stg. 1 only) former Spaceport USA Rocket Garden, Kennedy Space Center, Florida. Vert. (stg 1 mated to stg 1 below)

684: 2683: 2617:

United States Cold War Missile Program,U.S. Army Construction Engineering Research Laboratories, Champaign, IL., page 137

1495:

SM-?? (stg. 1 only) former Spaceport USA Rocket Garden, Kennedy Space Center, Florida. Vert. (stg 1 mated to stg 1 above)

1462:

SM-92 61-4519 (st. 1) Kansas Cosmosphere, Hutchinson, Kansas. (acq. 11/93 from MCDD) Vertical (st 1 mate to SM-94 st 1)

5155: 4770: 4697: 4692: 4511: 4378: 3298: 2500:

Simpson, Charles G, The Titan I part 2, Breckenridge, Colorado: Association of Air Force Missileers, October 1993, p. 5.

2293: 1270: 4600: 1761: 1468:

SM-94 61-4521 (st. 1) Kansas Cosmosphere, Hutchinson, Kansas. (acq. 6/93 from MCDD) Vertical (st 1 mate to SM-92 st 1)

929:

controlled a total of nine missiles divided among three launch sites, with the six operational units spread across the

4803: 4176: 2988: 1248: 580: 169: 2545:

Simpson, Charles G, The Titan I part 1, Breckenridge, Colorado: Association of Air Force Missileers, July 1993, p. 3.

2153:

Hansen, Chuck, Swords of Armageddon, 1995, Chukelea Publications, Sunnyvale, California, page Volume VII Page 290-293

4788: 3530: 1227:(VAFB) occurred on 5 March 1965. At that time, the disposition of the 101 total production missiles was as follows: 483:

models were equipped with what would have been the Titan I's guidance system The Titan I would be deployed with the

4687: 4471: 4151: 3916: 3911: 3790: 3370: 3328: 1453: 1259: 938: 1615: 4338: 4253: 4186: 4016: 3780: 3545: 3249: 2871:

Sheehan, Neil, “A Fiery Peace in a Cold War: Bernard Schriever and the Ultimate Weapon.” New York: Random House.

2164: 2067:

Achieving Accuracy a Legacy of Computers and Missiles, by Marshall W. McMurran, p 141, Xlibris Corporation, 2008

1437: 1418: 1397: 1387: 1224: 906: 5188: 5114: 4727: 4662: 3323: 3308: 2731:

McMurran, Marshall W., Achieving Accuracy a Legacy of Computers and Missiles, p 141, Xlibris Corporation, 2008

679:

with a yield of 3.75 megatons which was fuzed for either air burst or contact burst. The Mk 4 RV also deployed

4820: 4560: 4166: 3484: 3036: 1263: 621: 435: 427: 391: 70: 4796: 3981: 3391: 3026: 2981: 2858:

Mc Murran, Marshall W, “Achieving Accuracy a Legacy of Computers and Missiles,” Xlibris Corporation, 2008

1537: 1511:

Note: Two stacked Titan-1 first stages created a perfect illusion of a Titan-2 Missile for museums above.

568:

such as Missile C-3's range safety command destruct system relays being placed in a vibration-prone area.

5073: 5068: 4536: 4328: 3901: 3805: 3016: 1532: 1523:(MISS)". Two of the four firms which responded, Martin and Avco, proposed using Titan I as the booster. 1441: 1407:

SM-70 61-4497 Veterans Home, Quincy, IL Vertical (removed and sent to DMAFB for destruction in May 2010)

1401: 930: 676: 604: 4203: 4171: 1504:

SM-?? (full missile) former Outside main gate of White Sands Missile Range, N.M. false report? Vertical

5160: 4732: 4682: 4590: 4100: 3538: 3406: 3396: 3313: 3303: 3170: 3119: 1520: 843: 835: 88: 4398: 4393: 3145: 1887:

Stumpf, David K., Titan II, p 22-26, The University of Arkansas Press, Fayetteville, Arkansas, 2000

548: 5063: 4278: 4238: 4233: 4078: 4001: 2938: 2127:

Widnal Perair S., Lecture L14 - Variable Mass Systems The: Rocket Equation, 2008, MIT OpenCourseWar

384: 4570: 4531: 4363: 1967:

Stumpf, David K., Titan II, p 277, The University of Arkansas Press, Fayetteville, Arkansas, 2000

1926:

Stumpf, David K., Titan II, p 276, The University of Arkansas Press, Fayetteville, Arkansas, 2000

5058: 4313: 4263: 4198: 4120: 4088: 3795: 3653: 2679: 2609:

Stumpf, David K., Titan II, p 31, The University of Arkansas Press, Fayetteville, Arkansas, 2000

1393:

SM-67 61-4494 Titusville High School, Titusville, Florida (on Route US-1) removed, was horizontal

1080: 954: 851: 3510: 3175: 668:-General was selected to design and manufacture the engines for the Titan. Aerojet produced the 3165: 3160: 3155: 1244:(three at VAFB, one at each of five bases, one at Lowry, and 20 in storage at SBAMA elsewhere) 5104: 4968: 4742: 4722: 4373: 4318: 4273: 4243: 4041: 4031: 3866: 3611: 3442: 2942: 2897: 2887: 2872: 2859: 2732: 2610: 2445: 2219: 2137: 2111: 2068: 1968: 1927: 1888: 1731: 1459:

SM-89 61-4516 (st. 2) Pima Air Museum, outside DM AFB, Tucson, Arizona, now WPAFB Horizontal

1370: 1217: 1095: 625: 410: 364: 4545: 4368: 4130: 3437: 3150: 1824: 575:

Titan I missile emerges from its silo at Vandenberg Operational System Test Facility in 1960.

5129: 5013: 4998: 4877: 4737: 4642: 4358: 4343: 4223: 4218: 4125: 4110: 3971: 3961: 3735: 3725: 3708: 3623: 3063: 1547: 1465:

SM-93 61-4520 (st. 2) SLC-10 Museum, Vandenberg AFB, Lompoc, Ca. Horizontal (only stage 2)

1348: 1213: 961:. Each missile complex had three Titan I ICBM missiles ready to launch at any given time. 942: 882: 830: 826: 423: 406: 312: 252: 2886:

Stumpf, David K., Titan II, The University of Arkansas Press, Fayetteville, Arkansas, 2000

2200: 1498:

SM-?? (stg. 1 only) Science Museum, Bayamon, Puerto Rico Vert. (stg 1 mated to stg 1 below)

1427:

SM-79 61-4506 former Oklahoma State Fair Grounds, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma. 1960s Horizontal

445:

The Titan I was initially designated as a bomber aircraft (B-68), but was later designated

5124: 4948: 4595: 4580: 4550: 4491: 4439: 4434: 4388: 4303: 4258: 4161: 4006: 3976: 3946: 3941: 3936: 3785: 3770: 3765: 3740: 3730: 3668: 3633: 3601: 3586: 3489: 3432: 2933:

by Kristin Alexander about Titan 1 complexes in Washington State. Published 22 March 1998.

2924: 1188: 875: 680: 608: 439: 413:

until 1987 and had increased capacity and range in addition to the different propellants.

357: 2261: 1362:

SM-53 60-3698 Site 395-C Museum, Vandenberg AFB, Lompoc, Ca. (from March AFB) Horizontal

5048: 5028: 5008: 5003: 4657: 4555: 4481: 4454: 4383: 4248: 4156: 4115: 4083: 4068: 4026: 3921: 3896: 3881: 3845: 3835: 3800: 3775: 3755: 3720: 3673: 3638: 3596: 3140: 1478:

SM-101 61-4528 Estrella Warbirds Museum, Paso Robles, CA (2nd stage damaged) Horizontal

1356: 1338:

R&D (57–2743) Colorado State Capitol display 1959 (SN belongs to a Bomarc) Vertical

497: 5177: 5078: 5053: 5023: 4958: 4933: 4923: 4903: 4887: 4496: 4461: 4449: 4444: 4333: 4181: 3991: 3931: 3906: 3886: 3876: 3850: 3830: 3825: 3820: 3815: 3810: 3715: 3698: 3648: 3628: 3606: 3581: 3576: 2950: 2775: 2431: 2390: 1352: 1152: 925: 475: 467: 376: 237: 624:(which became "The Martin Company" in 1957), Titan I was a two-stage, liquid-fueled 5134: 4978: 4973: 4938: 4882: 4872: 4867: 4862: 4857: 4852: 4847: 4621: 4605: 4585: 4575: 4565: 4526: 4476: 4466: 4419: 4353: 4323: 4283: 4268: 4105: 4058: 4011: 3986: 3951: 3871: 3760: 3678: 3591: 3079: 2917: 1730:

Divine, Robert A., The Sputnik Challenge, New York: Oxford University Press, 1990,

1424:

SM-73 61-4500 former Holiday Motor Lodge, San Bernardino (now missing?). Horizontal

1319: 1156: 958: 868: 864: 847: 463: 399: 2819: 2630: 1449:

SM-86 61-4513 Beale AFB (not on display, was horizontal, removed 1994) Horizontal

5094: 5018: 4993: 4988: 4963: 4943: 4928: 4842: 4293: 4063: 4053: 3956: 3744: 3693: 3663: 3658: 3643: 3618: 3386: 3021: 2444:

Walker, Chuck Atlas The Ultimate Weapon, Burlington Canada: Apogee Books, 2005,

2110:

Walker,Chuck, Atlas The Ultimate Weapon, Burlington Canada: Apogee Books, 2005,

1989: 890: 459: 446: 394: 371: 241: 1309:

Titan-I ICBM SM vehicles being destroyed at Mira Loma AFS for the SALT-1 Treaty

1297:

Titan-I ICBM SM vehicles being destroyed at Mira Loma AFS for the SALT-1 Treaty

1285:

Titan-I ICBM SM vehicles being destroyed at Mira Loma AFS for the SALT-1 Treaty

5119: 5109: 5099: 5043: 5038: 4095: 3996: 3966: 3180: 3104: 3099: 3094: 3089: 3084: 2688: 1175: 1076: 950: 922: 902: 661: 584: 579:

In December, Missile V-2 was undergoing a flight readiness test in a silo at

4677: 3891: 3840: 3411: 3114: 3109: 2963: 2793: 2333: 2242: 1765: 1480: 1171: 1133: 1114: 894: 878:

set with 440 volt 3 phase AC input weighed over 2 tons" at remote locations

484: 480: 1341:

R&D G-type Science and Technology Museum, Chicago 21 June 1963 Vertical

2040:

Guidance Changes Made on Atlas, Titan, Aviation Week 28 July 1958, page 22

675:

The warhead of the Titan I was an AVCO Mk 4 re-entry vehicle containing a

37: 4540: 3124: 2968: 1374: 1137: 1118: 934: 638: 5033: 4424: 4298: 4288: 4213: 4146: 3515: 3505: 3401: 3185: 2365: 909:

in California, the last of over 400 missile flights using the Athena.

807: 761: 665: 513: 49: 17: 2168: 346: 4983: 4506: 4486: 4348: 4308: 4208: 4073: 4048: 4021: 3926: 2957: 2937:

Information on "Northern California Triad" of Titan missile bases in

2773:”Missile Destroyed in First Sdi Test At High-energy Laser Facility”, 1234:

one was destroyed in Beale AFB Site 851-C1 silo explosion 24 May 1962

822: 479:

silo and an improved fully internal inertial guidance system. Later

2279: 901:, during a missile launch. The last Athena-controlled launch was a 5161:

United States tri-service missile and drone designations post-1962

4702: 4652: 4647: 3750: 3688: 3683: 3452: 3447: 3427: 3365: 3360: 3355: 2389:. Johnathan's Space Report Launch Vehicle Database. Archived from 2268:. A Third Survey of Domestic Electronic Digital Computing Systems. 1479: 1431: 1383:

SM-63 60-3708 In storage at Edwards AFB (still there?) Horizontal

1318: 1099: 946: 570: 2710: 3457: 2973: 1430:

SM-81 61-4508 Kansas Cosmosphere, Hutchinson, Kansas. In storage

810: 764: 669: 630: 533: 529: 525: 521: 380: 333: 293: 273: 226: 60: 4792: 3534: 2977: 1489:

SM-?? (stg. 2 only) former SDI laser test target (whereabouts?)

687:

balloons which replicated the radar signature of the Mk 4 RV.

634: 337: 277: 2631:"Mira Loma Quartermaster. Depot (Mira Loma Air Force Station" 1231:

17 were test launched from VAFB (September 1961 – March 1965)

1825:

https://nsarchive2.gwu.edu/nukevault/ebb249/doc02-vol1.pdf

1421:

Air and Space Museum, Florence, South Carolina. Horizontal

2851:

USAF Historical Division Liaison Office: Ann Arbor, 1967.

2349:"Letter Concerning the Last Athena guided Missile Launch" 2049:

Titan Guidance Switch, Aviation Week 6 April 195, page 31

5194:

Intercontinental ballistic missiles of the United States

4772:

United States tri-service rocket designations post-1963

1456:, outside DM AFB, Tucson, Arizona, now WPAFB Horizontal 2964:

A site for the Univac Athena Missile Guidance Computer

846:

design with separate data and instruction memories by

1475:, Ellsworth AFB, Rapid City, South Dakota. Horizontal 897:

circuits such as fuses from deactivating the machine

5087: 4916: 4896: 4835: 4828: 4635: 4614: 4407: 4139: 3859: 3569: 3562:

1963 United States Tri-Service missile designations

3498: 3477: 3470: 3420: 3379: 3348: 3341: 3286: 3248: 3205: 3198: 3133: 3072: 3051: 3044: 3009: 2301:

Carnegie Institute of Technology Computation Center

720:

Titan base cost: $ 170,000,000 (US$ 1.75B in 2024)

329: 321: 311: 299: 288: 283: 269: 261: 251: 232: 221: 216: 208: 200: 192: 184: 176: 145: 137: 132: 124: 116: 108: 100: 95: 84: 76: 66: 56: 708:Development cost: $ 1,643,300,000 in 1960 dollars. 1247:The 83 surplus missiles remained in inventory at 27:Early American intercontinental ballistic missile 2849:The Air Force and Strategic Deterrence 1951-1960 1944:"Titan I Captive and Flight Test Firing History" 711:Flyaway cost: $ 1,500,000 each, in 1962 dollars. 370:(ICBM), in use from 1959 until 1962. Though the 2969:The most comprehensive site about Titan I bases 2927:by Earl See Titan Missile Memoirs. Summer 2014. 5184:Cold War nuclear missiles of the United States 1857:Martin Marietta Corporation (September 1972). 1543:List of military aircraft of the United States 1507:SM-?? (full missile) Spacetec CCAFS Horizontal 4804: 3546: 2989: 383:as propellants; all subsequent versions used 8: 2918:American Aviation Historical Society Journal 2818:. Encyclopedia Astronautica=. Archived from 2792:. Encyclopedia Astronautica=. Archived from 1367:Strategic Air Command & Aerospace Museum 1237:54 were deployed in silos on 20 January 1965 1062:Map Of HGM-25A Titan I Operational Squadrons 829:to transmit to the Titan missile as part of 390:Originally designed as a backup in case the 30: 2188: 2186: 1414:, now AMARC (to go to PIMA Mus.) Horizontal 5204:Military equipment introduced in the 1950s 4832: 4811: 4797: 4789: 3553: 3539: 3531: 3474: 3345: 3202: 3048: 2996: 2982: 2974: 2237: 2235: 1323:Titan I in Cordele, Georgia, I-75 exit 101 803:Propellants: liquid oxygen (LOX), kerosene 788:Isp (sea level): 210 s (2.06 kN·s/kg) 757:Propellants: liquid oxygen (LOX), kerosene 742:Isp (sea level): 256 s (2.51 kN·s/kg) 29: 2711:"The Hotchkiss Titan I ICBM Missile Base" 2429:"Guidance Changes Made on Atlas, Titan", 2334:"Univac Athena Missile Guidance Computer" 2243:"Univac Athena Missile Guidance Computer" 1797: 1795: 2625: 2623: 2496: 2494: 2027: 2025: 1843: 1841: 1811: 1809: 1807: 1785: 1783: 1746: 1744: 1708: 1706: 1922: 1920: 1918: 1592: 1590: 1559: 1390:, Mountain View, California. Horizontal 1275: 861:AN/GSK-1 Computer Set Console (OA-2654) 402:basing was more survivable than Atlas. 2224:: CS1 maint: archived copy as title ( 2217: 1984:Air Force Space & Missile Museum. 1760:Air Force Space & Missile Museum. 893:" mode ("melt-before-fail") prevented 717:Total deployed strategic missiles: 54. 2689:"Abandoned Titan I Missile Base – CO" 881:input from one of two large AN/GRW-5 739:Isp (vac): 290 s (2.84 kN·s/kg) 595:second stage engine failed to start. 7: 1333:Air Force Space & Missile Museum 785:Isp (vac): 308 s (3.02 kN·s/kg) 42:Launch of a Titan I SM/567.8-90 ICBM 2947:Live Oak, Sutter County, California 2748:Shufelt, Wayne (17 October 1972). 2280:"UNIVAC 24-bit computer genealogy" 2167:. missilebases.com. Archived from 368:intercontinental ballistic missile 25: 5156:USAF missile designations 1947–51 4778:Drones designated in UAV sequence 2366:"Information Technology Pioneers" 1473:South Dakota Air and Space Museum 1044: 1030: 1016: 1002: 988: 974: 857:Used with the computer were the: 426:. The committee presented to the 120:105,140 kg (231,790 lb) 3035: 2633:. California Military Department 1302: 1290: 1278: 1164:851st Strategic Missile Squadron 1145:850th Strategic Missile Squadron 1126:725th Strategic Missile Squadron 1107:724th Strategic Missile Squadron 1088:569th Strategic Missile Squadron 1069:568th Strategic Missile Squadron 1043: 1029: 1015: 1001: 987: 973: 966: 518:Cape Canaveral Air Force Station 487:radio-inertial guidance system. 36: 5140:Supersonic Low Altitude Missile 4823:rocket and missile designations 4187:BGM-109/AGM-109/RGM-109/UGM-109 1396:SM-69 61-4496 (full missile) 1344:SM-5 60-3650 Lompoc? Horizontal 2260:Weik, Martin H. (March 1961). 905:missile launched in 1972 from 1: 854:and cost about $ 1,800,000. 696:Liftoff thrust: 1,296 kN 449:and finally HGM-25A in 1962. 424:Scientific Advisory Committee 363:was the United States' first 2779:, 23 September 1985, page 17 2755:. Letter to Dr. Uta Merzbach 1315:Static displays and articles 1271:Strategic Defense Initiative 1618:. Strategic-Air-Command.com 1454:Pima Air & Space Museum 1240:29 were in storage at SBAMA 842:The Athena computer used a 825:Athena computer calculated 736:Thrust (vac): 1,467 kN 699:Total mass: 105,142 kg 599:on impact with the ground. 5220: 2691:. YouTube. 15 October 2014 2165:"History of Missile Bases" 1515:Prospective manned flights 1331:B2 57-2691 Cape Canaveral 1166:February 1961 – March 1965 776:Gross mass: 28,939 kg 730:Gross mass: 76,203 kg 112:3.05 m (10.0 ft) 5148: 4761: 3033: 2163:missilebases.com (2011). 1438:Discovery Park of America 1419:Florence Regional Airport 1398:Discovery Park of America 1388:NASA Ames Research Center 1225:Vandenberg Air Force Base 1212:When the storable-fueled 907:Vandenberg Air Force Base 839:short tons; 9.5 t). 779:Empty mass: 1,725 kg 733:Empty mass: 4,000 kg 677:W38 thermonuclear warhead 581:Vandenberg Air Force Base 343: 35: 2750:"Univac Athena computer" 2387:"List of Titan Launches" 2294:"Athena Reference guide" 817:Athena guidance computer 782:Thrust (vac):356 kN 4821:United States Air Force 2958:Titan 1 Upgrade Project 2931:Tri-City Herald article 2923:4 December 2021 at the 2435:, 28 July 1958, page 22 1452:SM-88 61-4515 (st. 1) 1264:Smithsonian Institution 1071:April 1961 – March 1965 852:Sperry Rand Corporation 806:Number of engines: one 760:Number of engines: two 622:Glenn L. Martin Company 428:United States Air Force 104:31 m (102 ft) 2816:"Martin Project 7969s" 1538:List of Titan launches 1485: 1445: 1324: 1223:The final launch from 1147:June 1960 – March 1965 1128:April 1961 – June 1965 1109:April 1961 – June 1965 1090:June 1961 – March 1965 605:hypergolic propellants 576: 520:from Launch Complexes 361:SM-68A/HGM-25A Titan I 5199:Titan (rocket family) 4748:M30 GMLRS/M31 GMLRS-U 2960:at NASA Moffett Field 1483: 1435: 1412:U.S. Air Force Museum 1402:Union City, Tennessee 1322: 1216:and the solid-fueled 931:western United States 633:) and liquid oxygen ( 574: 4032:AGM-84/RGM-84/UGM-84 3120:Commercial Titan III 2790:"Avco Project 7969s" 2206:on 16 September 2012 1521:Man in Space Soonest 1335:, Florida Horizontal 1269:On 6 September 1985 1059:class=notpageimage| 844:Harvard architecture 836:ballistic trajectory 705:Total length: 31.0 m 702:Core diameter: 3.1 m 385:storable propellants 4829:Air-to-air missiles 3511:Pratt & Whitney 2939:Lincoln, California 2847:Lemmer, George F., 2822:on 28 December 2016 2393:on 23 February 2016 1992:on 12 November 2019 1533:Titan rocket family 409:served in the U.S. 32: 5088:Undesignated types 4897:1961–1963 sequence 4836:1955–1961 sequence 2303:. 22 October 1968. 2249:. 26 January 2018. 1486: 1446: 1325: 831:Western Electric's 577: 491:Budgetary problems 453:Program management 436:The Martin Company 5169: 5168: 4912: 4911: 4786: 4785: 3528: 3527: 3524: 3523: 3466: 3465: 3337: 3336: 3194: 3193: 2943:Chico, California 2864:978-1-4363-8106-2 2737:978-1-4363-8106-2 2332:DiVecchio, Mark. 2073:978-1-4363-8106-2 1436:SM-69 61-4496 at 1096:Mountain Home AFB 637:) meant that the 626:ballistic missile 411:nuclear deterrent 354: 353: 303:356 kN (80,000 lb 77:Country of origin 16:(Redirected from 5211: 4833: 4813: 4806: 4799: 4790: 4773: 3555: 3548: 3541: 3532: 3475: 3346: 3203: 3064:LGM-25C Titan II 3049: 3039: 2998: 2991: 2984: 2975: 2877:978-0679-42284-6 2832: 2831: 2829: 2827: 2812: 2806: 2805: 2803: 2801: 2786: 2780: 2771: 2765: 2764: 2762: 2760: 2754: 2745: 2739: 2729: 2723: 2722: 2720: 2718: 2713:. Bari Hotchkiss 2707: 2701: 2700: 2698: 2696: 2676: 2670: 2667: 2661: 2658: 2652: 2649: 2643: 2642: 2640: 2638: 2627: 2618: 2607: 2601: 2597: 2591: 2588: 2582: 2579: 2573: 2570: 2564: 2561: 2555: 2552: 2546: 2543: 2537: 2534: 2528: 2525: 2519: 2516: 2510: 2507: 2501: 2498: 2489: 2486: 2480: 2477: 2471: 2468: 2462: 2459: 2453: 2442: 2436: 2427: 2421: 2418: 2412: 2409: 2403: 2402: 2400: 2398: 2383: 2377: 2376: 2374: 2372: 2362: 2356: 2355: 2353: 2347:Shufelt, Wayne. 2344: 2338: 2337: 2329: 2323: 2320: 2314: 2311: 2305: 2304: 2298: 2290: 2284: 2283: 2276: 2270: 2269: 2257: 2251: 2250: 2239: 2230: 2229: 2223: 2215: 2213: 2211: 2205: 2199:. Archived from 2198: 2190: 2181: 2180: 2178: 2176: 2160: 2154: 2151: 2145: 2134: 2128: 2125: 2119: 2108: 2102: 2099: 2093: 2090: 2084: 2081: 2075: 2065: 2059: 2056: 2050: 2047: 2041: 2038: 2032: 2029: 2020: 2017: 2011: 2008: 2002: 2001: 1999: 1997: 1988:. Archived from 1981: 1975: 1965: 1959: 1958: 1956: 1954: 1948: 1940: 1934: 1924: 1913: 1910: 1904: 1901: 1895: 1885: 1879: 1876: 1870: 1869: 1867: 1865: 1854: 1848: 1845: 1836: 1833: 1827: 1822: 1816: 1813: 1802: 1799: 1790: 1787: 1778: 1777: 1775: 1773: 1768:on 29 March 2020 1764:. Archived from 1757: 1751: 1748: 1739: 1728: 1722: 1719: 1713: 1710: 1701: 1698: 1692: 1688: 1682: 1679: 1673: 1670: 1664: 1661: 1655: 1652: 1646: 1643: 1637: 1634: 1628: 1627: 1625: 1623: 1612: 1606: 1603: 1597: 1594: 1585: 1582: 1576: 1573: 1567: 1564: 1548:List of missiles 1349:Cordele, Georgia 1306: 1294: 1282: 1047: 1046: 1033: 1032: 1019: 1018: 1005: 1004: 991: 990: 977: 976: 970: 933:in five states: 883:Western Electric 791:Burn time: 225 s 745:Burn time: 138 s 681:penetration aids 655: 654: 650: 647: 620:Produced by the 407:LGM-25C Titan II 392:U.S. Air Force's 347:edit on Wikidata 313:Specific impulse 253:Specific impulse 172:OSTF SLTF LC-395 40: 33: 21: 5219: 5218: 5214: 5213: 5212: 5210: 5209: 5208: 5189:Lockheed Martin 5174: 5173: 5170: 5165: 5144: 5083: 4908: 4892: 4824: 4817: 4787: 4782: 4771: 4757: 4631: 4610: 4403: 4274:RUM-125/UUM-125 4254:CQM-121/CGM-121 4135: 3855: 3565: 3559: 3529: 3520: 3494: 3490:Lockheed Martin 3462: 3416: 3375: 3333: 3282: 3244: 3190: 3129: 3068: 3059:HGM-25A Titan I 3040: 3031: 3005: 3002: 2925:Wayback Machine 2914: 2841: 2836: 2835: 2825: 2823: 2814: 2813: 2809: 2799: 2797: 2796:on 4 March 2016 2788: 2787: 2783: 2772: 2768: 2758: 2756: 2752: 2747: 2746: 2742: 2730: 2726: 2716: 2714: 2709: 2708: 2704: 2694: 2692: 2687: 2684:Wayback Machine 2677: 2673: 2668: 2664: 2659: 2655: 2650: 2646: 2636: 2634: 2629: 2628: 2621: 2608: 2604: 2598: 2594: 2589: 2585: 2580: 2576: 2571: 2567: 2562: 2558: 2553: 2549: 2544: 2540: 2535: 2531: 2526: 2522: 2517: 2513: 2508: 2504: 2499: 2492: 2487: 2483: 2478: 2474: 2469: 2465: 2460: 2456: 2443: 2439: 2428: 2424: 2419: 2415: 2410: 2406: 2396: 2394: 2385: 2384: 2380: 2370: 2368: 2364: 2363: 2359: 2351: 2346: 2345: 2341: 2331: 2330: 2326: 2321: 2317: 2312: 2308: 2296: 2292: 2291: 2287: 2278: 2277: 2273: 2259: 2258: 2254: 2241: 2240: 2233: 2216: 2209: 2207: 2203: 2196: 2194:"Archived copy" 2192: 2191: 2184: 2174: 2172: 2171:on 2 March 2009 2162: 2161: 2157: 2152: 2148: 2135: 2131: 2126: 2122: 2109: 2105: 2100: 2096: 2091: 2087: 2082: 2078: 2066: 2062: 2057: 2053: 2048: 2044: 2039: 2035: 2030: 2023: 2018: 2014: 2009: 2005: 1995: 1993: 1983: 1982: 1978: 1966: 1962: 1952: 1950: 1949:. February 1962 1946: 1942: 1941: 1937: 1925: 1916: 1911: 1907: 1902: 1898: 1886: 1882: 1877: 1873: 1863: 1861: 1856: 1855: 1851: 1846: 1839: 1834: 1830: 1823: 1819: 1814: 1805: 1800: 1793: 1788: 1781: 1771: 1769: 1759: 1758: 1754: 1749: 1742: 1729: 1725: 1720: 1716: 1711: 1704: 1699: 1695: 1689: 1685: 1680: 1676: 1671: 1667: 1662: 1658: 1653: 1649: 1644: 1640: 1635: 1631: 1621: 1619: 1616:"Titan Missile" 1614: 1613: 1609: 1604: 1600: 1595: 1588: 1583: 1579: 1574: 1570: 1565: 1561: 1556: 1529: 1517: 1317: 1310: 1307: 1298: 1295: 1286: 1283: 1210: 1184: 1065: 1064: 1063: 1061: 1055: 1054: 1053: 1052: 1048: 1040: 1039: 1038: 1034: 1026: 1025: 1024: 1020: 1012: 1011: 1010: 1006: 998: 997: 996: 992: 984: 983: 982: 978: 941:, both east of 915: 913:Service history 876:motor-generator 827:ground commands 819: 794:Diameter: 2.3 m 748:Diameter: 3.1 m 693: 683:in the form of 652: 648: 645: 643: 618: 616:Characteristics 609:Robert McNamara 506: 493: 455: 419: 405:The succeeding 358:Martin Marietta 350: 306: 245: 204:6 February 1959 196:17 (suborbital) 188:53 (suborbital) 180:70 (suborbital) 168: 156: 85:Cost per launch 52: 43: 28: 23: 22: 15: 12: 11: 5: 5217: 5215: 5207: 5206: 5201: 5196: 5191: 5186: 5176: 5175: 5167: 5166: 5164: 5163: 5158: 5149: 5146: 5145: 5143: 5142: 5137: 5132: 5127: 5122: 5117: 5112: 5107: 5102: 5097: 5091: 5089: 5085: 5084: 5082: 5081: 5076: 5071: 5066: 5061: 5056: 5051: 5046: 5041: 5036: 5031: 5026: 5021: 5016: 5011: 5006: 5001: 4996: 4991: 4986: 4981: 4976: 4971: 4966: 4961: 4956: 4951: 4946: 4941: 4936: 4931: 4926: 4920: 4918: 4914: 4913: 4910: 4909: 4907: 4906: 4900: 4898: 4894: 4893: 4891: 4890: 4885: 4880: 4875: 4870: 4865: 4860: 4855: 4850: 4845: 4839: 4837: 4830: 4826: 4825: 4818: 4816: 4815: 4808: 4801: 4793: 4784: 4783: 4781: 4780: 4775: 4768: 4762: 4759: 4758: 4756: 4755: 4750: 4745: 4740: 4735: 4730: 4725: 4720: 4715: 4710: 4705: 4700: 4695: 4690: 4685: 4680: 4675: 4670: 4665: 4660: 4658:Common Missile 4655: 4650: 4645: 4639: 4637: 4633: 4632: 4630: 4629: 4624: 4618: 4616: 4612: 4611: 4609: 4608: 4603: 4598: 4593: 4588: 4583: 4578: 4573: 4568: 4563: 4558: 4553: 4548: 4543: 4534: 4529: 4524: 4519: 4514: 4509: 4504: 4499: 4494: 4489: 4484: 4479: 4474: 4469: 4464: 4459: 4458: 4457: 4447: 4442: 4437: 4432: 4427: 4422: 4417: 4411: 4409: 4405: 4404: 4402: 4401: 4396: 4391: 4386: 4381: 4376: 4371: 4366: 4361: 4356: 4351: 4346: 4341: 4336: 4331: 4326: 4321: 4316: 4311: 4306: 4301: 4296: 4291: 4286: 4281: 4276: 4271: 4266: 4261: 4256: 4251: 4246: 4241: 4236: 4231: 4226: 4221: 4216: 4211: 4206: 4201: 4196: 4195: 4194: 4184: 4179: 4174: 4169: 4164: 4159: 4154: 4149: 4143: 4141: 4137: 4136: 4134: 4133: 4128: 4123: 4118: 4113: 4108: 4103: 4098: 4093: 4092: 4091: 4081: 4076: 4071: 4066: 4061: 4056: 4051: 4046: 4045: 4044: 4039: 4029: 4024: 4019: 4014: 4009: 4004: 3999: 3994: 3989: 3984: 3979: 3974: 3969: 3964: 3959: 3954: 3949: 3944: 3939: 3934: 3929: 3924: 3919: 3914: 3909: 3904: 3899: 3894: 3889: 3884: 3879: 3874: 3869: 3863: 3861: 3857: 3856: 3854: 3853: 3848: 3843: 3838: 3833: 3828: 3823: 3818: 3813: 3808: 3803: 3798: 3793: 3788: 3783: 3778: 3773: 3768: 3763: 3758: 3753: 3748: 3738: 3733: 3728: 3723: 3718: 3713: 3712: 3711: 3701: 3696: 3691: 3686: 3681: 3676: 3671: 3666: 3661: 3656: 3651: 3646: 3641: 3636: 3631: 3626: 3621: 3616: 3615: 3614: 3604: 3599: 3594: 3589: 3584: 3579: 3573: 3571: 3567: 3566: 3564:, 1963–present 3560: 3558: 3557: 3550: 3543: 3535: 3526: 3525: 3522: 3521: 3519: 3518: 3513: 3508: 3502: 3500: 3496: 3495: 3493: 3492: 3487: 3481: 3479: 3472: 3468: 3467: 3464: 3463: 3461: 3460: 3455: 3450: 3445: 3440: 3435: 3430: 3424: 3422: 3418: 3417: 3415: 3414: 3409: 3404: 3399: 3394: 3389: 3383: 3381: 3377: 3376: 3374: 3373: 3368: 3363: 3358: 3352: 3350: 3343: 3339: 3338: 3335: 3334: 3332: 3331: 3326: 3321: 3316: 3311: 3306: 3301: 3296: 3290: 3288: 3284: 3283: 3281: 3280: 3275: 3270: 3265: 3260: 3254: 3252: 3246: 3245: 3243: 3242: 3237: 3232: 3227: 3222: 3217: 3211: 3209: 3207:Cape Canaveral 3200: 3196: 3195: 3192: 3191: 3189: 3188: 3183: 3178: 3173: 3168: 3163: 3158: 3153: 3148: 3146:Titan-Vanguard 3143: 3137: 3135: 3131: 3130: 3128: 3127: 3122: 3117: 3112: 3107: 3102: 3097: 3092: 3087: 3082: 3076: 3074: 3073:Launch Systems 3070: 3069: 3067: 3066: 3061: 3055: 3053: 3046: 3042: 3041: 3034: 3032: 3030: 3029: 3024: 3019: 3013: 3011: 3007: 3006: 3003: 3001: 3000: 2993: 2986: 2978: 2972: 2971: 2966: 2961: 2955: 2934: 2928: 2913: 2912:External links 2910: 2909: 2908: 2905: 2894: 2884: 2880: 2869: 2866: 2856: 2852: 2845: 2840: 2837: 2834: 2833: 2807: 2781: 2766: 2740: 2724: 2702: 2671: 2662: 2653: 2644: 2619: 2602: 2592: 2583: 2574: 2565: 2556: 2547: 2538: 2529: 2520: 2511: 2502: 2490: 2481: 2472: 2463: 2454: 2437: 2422: 2413: 2404: 2378: 2357: 2339: 2324: 2315: 2306: 2285: 2271: 2252: 2247:Mark DiVecchio 2231: 2182: 2155: 2146: 2129: 2120: 2103: 2094: 2085: 2076: 2060: 2051: 2042: 2033: 2021: 2012: 2003: 1986:"Complex 395A" 1976: 1960: 1935: 1914: 1905: 1896: 1880: 1871: 1849: 1837: 1828: 1817: 1803: 1791: 1779: 1752: 1740: 1723: 1714: 1702: 1693: 1683: 1674: 1665: 1656: 1647: 1638: 1629: 1607: 1598: 1586: 1577: 1568: 1558: 1557: 1555: 1552: 1551: 1550: 1545: 1540: 1535: 1528: 1525: 1516: 1513: 1509: 1508: 1505: 1502: 1499: 1496: 1493: 1490: 1487: 1476: 1471:SM-96 61-4523 1469: 1466: 1463: 1460: 1457: 1450: 1447: 1442:Union City, TN 1428: 1425: 1422: 1417:SM-72 61-4499 1415: 1410:SM-71 61-4498 1408: 1405: 1394: 1391: 1386:SM-65 61-4492 1384: 1381: 1378: 1365:SM-54 60-3699 1363: 1360: 1357:U.S. Route 280 1355:, exit 101 at 1351:(west side of 1347:SM-49 60-3694 1345: 1342: 1339: 1336: 1316: 1313: 1312: 1311: 1308: 1301: 1299: 1296: 1289: 1287: 1284: 1277: 1242: 1241: 1238: 1235: 1232: 1209: 1206: 1183: 1180: 1179: 1178: 1168: 1167: 1160: 1159: 1149: 1148: 1141: 1140: 1130: 1129: 1122: 1121: 1111: 1110: 1103: 1102: 1092: 1091: 1084: 1083: 1073: 1072: 1057: 1056: 1050: 1049: 1042: 1041: 1036: 1035: 1028: 1027: 1022: 1021: 1014: 1013: 1008: 1007: 1000: 999: 994: 993: 986: 985: 980: 979: 972: 971: 965: 964: 963: 914: 911: 887: 886: 879: 872: 867:terminal with 862: 818: 815: 814: 813: 804: 801: 798: 795: 792: 789: 786: 783: 780: 777: 768: 767: 758: 755: 754:Length: 16.0 m 752: 749: 746: 743: 740: 737: 734: 731: 722: 721: 718: 715: 712: 709: 706: 703: 700: 697: 692: 691:Specifications 689: 617: 614: 549:Osmond Ritland 505: 504:Flight testing 502: 498:Sputnik crisis 492: 489: 454: 451: 418: 415: 352: 351: 344: 341: 340: 331: 327: 326: 323: 319: 318: 315: 309: 308: 304: 301: 297: 296: 290: 286: 285: 281: 280: 271: 267: 266: 263: 259: 258: 255: 249: 248: 243: 234: 230: 229: 223: 219: 218: 214: 213: 210: 206: 205: 202: 198: 197: 194: 190: 189: 186: 182: 181: 178: 177:Total launches 174: 173: 170:Vandenberg AFB 150:Cape Canaveral 147: 143: 142: 139: 135: 134: 133:Launch history 130: 129: 126: 122: 121: 118: 114: 113: 110: 106: 105: 102: 98: 97: 93: 92: 86: 82: 81: 78: 74: 73: 71:Martin Company 68: 64: 63: 58: 54: 53: 46:Cape Canaveral 41: 26: 24: 14: 13: 10: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 5216: 5205: 5202: 5200: 5197: 5195: 5192: 5190: 5187: 5185: 5182: 5181: 5179: 5172: 5162: 5159: 5157: 5154: 5151: 5150: 5147: 5141: 5138: 5136: 5133: 5131: 5128: 5126: 5123: 5121: 5118: 5116: 5113: 5111: 5108: 5106: 5103: 5101: 5098: 5096: 5093: 5092: 5090: 5086: 5080: 5077: 5075: 5072: 5070: 5067: 5065: 5062: 5060: 5057: 5055: 5052: 5050: 5047: 5045: 5042: 5040: 5037: 5035: 5032: 5030: 5027: 5025: 5022: 5020: 5017: 5015: 5012: 5010: 5007: 5005: 5002: 5000: 4997: 4995: 4992: 4990: 4987: 4985: 4982: 4980: 4977: 4975: 4972: 4970: 4967: 4965: 4962: 4960: 4957: 4955: 4952: 4950: 4947: 4945: 4942: 4940: 4937: 4935: 4932: 4930: 4927: 4925: 4922: 4921: 4919: 4915: 4905: 4902: 4901: 4899: 4895: 4889: 4886: 4884: 4881: 4879: 4876: 4874: 4871: 4869: 4866: 4864: 4861: 4859: 4856: 4854: 4851: 4849: 4846: 4844: 4841: 4840: 4838: 4834: 4831: 4827: 4822: 4814: 4809: 4807: 4802: 4800: 4795: 4794: 4791: 4779: 4776: 4774: 4769: 4767: 4764: 4763: 4760: 4754: 4751: 4749: 4746: 4744: 4741: 4739: 4736: 4734: 4731: 4729: 4726: 4724: 4721: 4719: 4716: 4714: 4711: 4709: 4706: 4704: 4701: 4699: 4696: 4694: 4691: 4689: 4686: 4684: 4681: 4679: 4676: 4674: 4671: 4669: 4666: 4664: 4661: 4659: 4656: 4654: 4651: 4649: 4646: 4644: 4641: 4640: 4638: 4634: 4628: 4625: 4623: 4620: 4619: 4617: 4613: 4607: 4604: 4602: 4599: 4597: 4594: 4592: 4589: 4587: 4584: 4582: 4579: 4577: 4574: 4572: 4569: 4567: 4564: 4562: 4559: 4557: 4554: 4552: 4549: 4547: 4544: 4542: 4538: 4535: 4533: 4530: 4528: 4525: 4523: 4520: 4518: 4515: 4513: 4510: 4508: 4505: 4503: 4500: 4498: 4495: 4493: 4490: 4488: 4485: 4483: 4480: 4478: 4475: 4473: 4470: 4468: 4465: 4463: 4460: 4456: 4453: 4452: 4451: 4448: 4446: 4443: 4441: 4438: 4436: 4433: 4431: 4428: 4426: 4423: 4421: 4418: 4416: 4413: 4412: 4410: 4406: 4400: 4397: 4395: 4392: 4390: 4387: 4385: 4382: 4380: 4377: 4375: 4372: 4370: 4367: 4365: 4362: 4360: 4357: 4355: 4352: 4350: 4347: 4345: 4342: 4340: 4337: 4335: 4332: 4330: 4327: 4325: 4322: 4320: 4317: 4315: 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3895: 3893: 3890: 3888: 3885: 3883: 3880: 3878: 3875: 3873: 3870: 3868: 3865: 3864: 3862: 3858: 3852: 3849: 3847: 3844: 3842: 3839: 3837: 3834: 3832: 3829: 3827: 3824: 3822: 3819: 3817: 3814: 3812: 3809: 3807: 3804: 3802: 3799: 3797: 3794: 3792: 3789: 3787: 3784: 3782: 3779: 3777: 3774: 3772: 3769: 3767: 3764: 3762: 3759: 3757: 3754: 3752: 3749: 3746: 3742: 3739: 3737: 3734: 3732: 3729: 3727: 3724: 3722: 3719: 3717: 3714: 3710: 3707: 3706: 3705: 3702: 3700: 3697: 3695: 3692: 3690: 3687: 3685: 3682: 3680: 3677: 3675: 3672: 3670: 3667: 3665: 3662: 3660: 3657: 3655: 3652: 3650: 3647: 3645: 3644:CGM-13/MGM-13 3642: 3640: 3637: 3635: 3632: 3630: 3627: 3625: 3622: 3620: 3617: 3613: 3610: 3609: 3608: 3605: 3603: 3600: 3598: 3595: 3593: 3590: 3588: 3585: 3583: 3580: 3578: 3575: 3574: 3572: 3568: 3563: 3556: 3551: 3549: 3544: 3542: 3537: 3536: 3533: 3517: 3514: 3512: 3509: 3507: 3504: 3503: 3501: 3497: 3491: 3488: 3486: 3483: 3482: 3480: 3476: 3473: 3471:Manufacturers 3469: 3459: 3456: 3454: 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Retrieved 1610: 1601: 1580: 1571: 1562: 1518: 1510: 1326: 1268: 1257: 1253: 1246: 1243: 1222: 1211: 1202: 1198: 1194: 1185: 1157:South Dakota 959:South Dakota 920: 916: 898: 888: 865:Friden, Inc. 856: 848:Seymour Cray 841: 820: 770: 769: 725:First Stage: 724: 723: 674: 658: 619: 601: 597: 593: 589: 578: 566: 562: 558: 554: 546: 542: 538: 510: 507: 494: 473: 456: 444: 432: 420: 404: 400:missile silo 389: 360: 355: 284:Second stage 212:5 March 1965 201:First flight 146:Launch sites 67:Manufacturer 5095:Alpha Draco 4917:Other types 4733:Senior Prom 3771:LGM-35 (II) 3329:Little Rock 3022:SM-68 Titan 2826:11 November 2800:11 November 2759:14 February 2717:14 February 2695:14 February 2637:11 November 2397:13 February 2371:11 February 2175:4 September 1996:11 November 1953:12 November 1772:11 November 1484:LR87 engine 1359:). Vertical 1218:Minuteman I 891:battleshort 797:Span: 2.3 m 751:Span: 3.1 m 447:SM-68 Titan 395:SM-65 Atlas 325:155 seconds 317:308 seconds 265:140 seconds 257:290 seconds 217:First stage 209:Last flight 185:Success(es) 91:1.5 million 5178:Categories 5120:Pye Wacket 5110:High Virgo 5100:Bold Orion 4819:1955–1962 4450:AGM-158A/B 3766:AQM-35 (I) 3342:Components 3250:Vandenberg 3181:Titan IIIM 3176:Titan IIIL 3105:Titan IIIE 3100:Titan IIID 3095:Titan IIIC 3090:Titan IIIB 3085:Titan IIIA 2839:References 1622:6 February 1554:References 1377:. Vertical 1208:Retirement 1176:California 1081:Washington 1077:Larson AFB 955:Washington 951:California 903:Thor-Agena 869:paper tape 662:Rocketdyne 585:California 365:multistage 330:Propellant 270:Propellant 193:Failure(s) 5153:See also: 4766:See also: 4678:Have Dash 4042:AGM-84H/K 3741:MGM-31A/B 3412:Transtage 3324:McConnell 3309:Ellsworth 3166:Titan IIS 3161:Titan IIL 3156:Titan IIB 3115:Titan 23G 3110:Titan 34D 2210:22 August 1762:"Titan I" 1172:Beale AFB 1134:Lowry AFB 1115:Lowry AFB 1051:851st SMS 1037:850th SMS 1023:725th SMS 1009:724th SMS 995:569th SMS 981:568th SMS 923:Cryogenic 895:fail-safe 874:"massive 871:equipment 485:Bell Labs 481:Atlas E/F 387:instead. 322:Burn time 294:LR91-AJ-3 262:Burn time 240:(430,000 227:LR87-AJ-3 5105:Cherokee 4541:AIM-174B 4455:AGM-158C 4192:BGM-109G 4089:"AIM-92" 3443:Orbus 21 3349:Boosters 3240:(S)LC-41 3235:(S)LC-40 3125:Titan IV 3052:Missiles 3027:Launches 2921:Archived 2879:, (2009) 2682:and the 2452:, p. 154 2262:"ATHENA" 2220:cite web 2144:, p. 380 1738:, p. xv. 1527:See also 1375:Nebraska 1260:Carnegie 1214:Titan II 1138:Colorado 1119:Colorado 935:Colorado 834:start a 639:oxidizer 109:Diameter 57:Function 5130:Skydart 4904:AIM-101 4743:Wagtail 4723:OpFires 4643:Aequare 4627:MIM-401 4622:AIM-260 4606:AGM-187 4601:MQM-186 4596:MQM-185 4591:RGM-184 4586:AGM-183 4581:LGM-182 4576:AGM-181 4571:AGM-180 4566:AGM-179 4561:MQM-178 4556:BQM-177 4551:AGM-176 4546:MQM-175 4537:RIM-174 4532:GQM-173 4527:FGM-172 4522:MQM-171 4517:MQM-170 4512:AGM-169 4507:MGM-168 4502:BQM-167 4497:MGM-166 4492:RGM-165 4487:MGM-164 4482:GQM-163 4477:RIM-162 4472:RIM-161 4467:ADM-160 4462:AGM-159 4445:MGM-157 4440:RIM-156 4435:BQM-155 4430:AGM-154 4425:AGM-153 4420:AIM-152 4415:FQM-151 4408:151–200 4399:PQM-150 4394:PQM-149 4389:FGM-148 4384:BQM-147 4379:MIM-146 4374:BQM-145 4369:ADM-144 4364:MQM-143 4359:AGM-142 4354:ADM-141 4349:MGM-140 4344:RUM-139 4339:CEM-138 4334:AGM-137 4329:AGM-136 4324:ASM-135 4319:MGM-134 4314:UGM-133 4309:AIM-132 4304:AGM-131 4299:AGM-130 4294:AGM-129 4289:AQM-128 4284:AQM-127 4279:BQM-126 4269:AGM-124 4264:AGM-123 4259:AGM-122 4249:AIM-120 4244:AGM-119 4239:LGM-118 4234:FQM-117 4229:RIM-116 4224:MIM-115 4219:AGM-114 4214:RIM-113 4209:AGM-112 4204:BQM-111 4199:BGM-110 4182:BQM-108 4177:MQM-107 4172:BQM-106 4167:MQM-105 4162:MIM-104 4157:AQM-103 4152:PQM-102 4147:RIM-101 4140:101–150 4131:LIM-100 4037:AGM-84E 3841:XLIM-49 3745:MGM-31C 3709:LGM-25C 3704:HGM-25A 3516:Thiokol 3506:Aerojet 3499:Engines 3438:Orbus 6 3421:Engines 3402:Star-37 3392:Centaur 3186:Titan V 3151:Titan-C 3134:Unbuilt 3045:Rockets 2855:IL,1996 2118:, p. 11 1864:16 June 1371:Ashland 808:Aerojet 762:Aerojet 666:Aerojet 651:⁄ 514:Florida 417:History 289:Engines 222:Engines 141:Retired 50:Florida 31:Titan I 18:Titan I 5125:Skokie 5115:Jaguar 5054:SRM-88 5049:GAM-87 5029:GAM-83 5009:GAM-79 4999:GAM-77 4974:GAM-72 4969:GAM-71 4949:GAM-67 4934:GAM-63 4888:GAR-11 4738:Sprint 4126:LIM-99 4121:YQM-98 4116:AIM-97 4111:UGM-96 4106:AIM-95 4101:YQM-94 4096:XQM-93 4084:FIM-92 4079:AQM-91 4074:BQM-90 4069:UGM-89 4064:AGM-88 4059:AGM-87 4054:AGM-86 4049:RIM-85 4027:AGM-83 4022:AIM-82 4017:AQM-81 4012:AGM-80 4007:AGM-79 4002:AGM-78 3997:FGM-77 3992:AGM-76 3987:BGM-75 3982:BQM-74 3977:UGM-73 3972:MIM-72 3967:BGM-71 3962:LEM-70 3957:AGM-69 3952:AIM-68 3947:RIM-67 3942:RIM-66 3937:AGM-65 3932:AGM-64 3927:AGM-63 3922:AGM-62 3917:MQM-61 3912:AQM-60 3907:RGM-59 3902:MQM-58 3897:MQM-57 3892:PQM-56 3887:RIM-55 3882:AIM-54 3877:AGM-53 3872:MGM-52 3867:MGM-51 3860:51–100 3851:RIM-50 3846:LIM-49 3836:AGM-48 3831:AIM-47 3826:MIM-46 3821:AGM-45 3816:UUM-44 3811:FIM-43 3806:MQM-42 3801:AQM-41 3796:MQM-40 3791:MQM-39 3786:AQM-38 3781:AQM-37 3776:MQM-36 3761:AQM-34 3756:MQM-33 3751:MGM-32 3736:LGM-30 3731:MGM-29 3726:AGM-28 3721:UGM-27 3716:AIM-26 3699:RIM-24 3694:MIM-23 3689:AGM-22 3684:MGM-21 3679:ADM-20 3674:PGM-19 3669:MGM-18 3664:PGM-17 3659:CGM-16 3654:RGM-15 3649:MIM-14 3639:AGM-12 3634:PGM-11 3629:CIM-10 3485:Martin 3478:Rocket 3433:B-8096 3366:UA1207 3361:UA1206 3356:UA1205 3294:Larson 3268:LC-395 3171:Soltan 2904:, 2006 2900: 2890: 2875: 2862: 2735: 2613: 2448: 2140: 2114: 2071: 1971: 1930: 1891: 1734: 1189:ATHENA 957:, and 943:Denver 937:(with 823:UNIVAC 811:LR91-3 765:LR87-3 532:, and 468:RASCAL 464:Navaho 372:SM-68A 300:Thrust 236:1,900 233:Thrust 138:Status 125:Stages 101:Height 5079:IM-99 5074:RM-92 5069:RM-91 5064:RM-90 5059:RM-89 5044:RM-86 5039:RM-85 5034:RM-84 5024:RM-82 5019:RM-81 5014:SM-80 5004:SM-78 4994:TM-76 4989:SM-75 4984:SM-74 4979:SM-73 4964:IM-70 4959:IM-69 4954:SM-68 4944:SM-65 4939:SM-64 4929:SM-62 4924:TM-61 4883:GAR-9 4878:GAR-8 4873:GAR-6 4868:GAR-5 4863:GAR-4 4858:GAR-3 4853:GAR-2 4848:GAR-1 4753:GLSDB 4713:NCADE 4703:MA-31 4653:Brazo 4648:ASALM 3624:AIM-9 3619:RIM-8 3612:RIM-7 3607:AIM-7 3602:RGM-6 3597:MGM-5 3592:AIM-4 3587:MIM-3 3582:RIM-2 3577:MGM-1 3453:LR-91 3448:LR-87 3428:AJ-10 3387:Agena 3314:Lowry 3304:Beale 3287:Bases 3278:SLC-6 3273:SLC-4 3230:LC-20 3225:LC-19 3220:LC-16 3215:LC-15 2753:(PDF) 2352:(PDF) 2297:(PDF) 2204:(PDF) 2197:(PDF) 1947:(PDF) 1182:Silos 1100:Idaho 947:Idaho 889:The " 685:mylar 460:Snark 440:Atlas 345:[ 166:LC-20 162:LC-19 158:LC-16 153:LC-15 44:from 4843:MB-1 4728:PrSM 4718:NLOS 4708:MSDM 4698:LRHW 4693:LREW 4673:HACM 4668:HALO 4615:201– 3570:1–50 3458:RL10 3371:SRMU 3263:SLTF 3258:OSTF 3141:Ares 2945:and 2898:ISBN 2888:ISBN 2883:2012 2873:ISBN 2860:ISBN 2828:2019 2802:2019 2761:2016 2733:ISBN 2719:2016 2697:2016 2639:2019 2611:ISBN 2600:2012 2446:ISBN 2399:2015 2373:2016 2226:link 2212:2013 2177:2011 2138:ISBN 2112:ISBN 2069:ISBN 1998:2019 1969:ISBN 1955:2022 1928:ISBN 1889:ISBN 1866:2018 1774:2019 1732:ISBN 1624:2016 1353:I-75 899:e.g. 821:The 670:LR87 631:RP-1 534:LC20 530:LC19 526:LC16 522:LC15 466:and 381:RP-1 379:and 356:The 334:RP-1 274:RP-1 117:Mass 96:Size 61:ICBM 4688:KEI 4683:JSM 4663:GBI 3407:TOS 3397:IUS 1440:in 1400:in 945:), 850:at 635:LOX 516:at 338:LOX 278:LOX 5180:: 2941:; 2686:: 2622:^ 2493:^ 2299:. 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Index