483:(Federal Highway 190). This main street is lined with permanents shops, which are open on Sundays for the customers that come into town for the weekly market. Two notable stores along this street are the Mezcal Pensamento outlet and Chocolate la Tradición. Tlacolula is a major mezcal producer, and Mezcal Pensamento offers more than twenty varieties, many of which are flavored with fruit, coffee and more. At Chocolate la Tradición, chocolate is ground and mixed with sugar, spices and other ingredients to make chocolate for drinking or to use in the making of moles. Much of the chocolate sold here is for consumption in the more rural areas. Hot chocolate is a widely consumed beverage in the valley, prepared with either milk or water, and usually eaten with locally made "pan de yema" or egg yolk bread. Another important commercial location is the permanent municipal market which is located just off the main plaza. This market consists of two fifty by twenty meter semi-enclosed areas, each of which houses scores of vendors, mostly selling basic staples. It is known for its breads, ice cream and traditional cooking utensils such as
601:. Also not generally sold are heavy, bulky goods, which cannot be carried away by hand. While it is not unusual to see bananas stacked next to blue jeans, next to tools, most vendors of similar items tend to group together in certain zones. This is not done by formal agreement, mostly tradition, social contacts and economy play roles. For example, the sellers of rugs and blankets group together north of the churchyard, across from a grouping of vendors selling expensive handmade vests. This agglomeration has advantages for both buyer and seller. In this way, a wider range of goods can be offered and comparison shopping is somewhat possible. However, not all vendors of the same merchandise choose to sell near their competitors for a number of reasons, they do not want to compete price-wise, the stall space is too expensive or they use loudspeakers to attract customers.
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813:(an Aztec demon) in the form of a coyote. She told the man that if he let her change him into a coyote, they could be together forever. Being in love, the man accepted immediately. As a coyote, the man found that in order to survive, he needed to rob attack farm animals and eat the meat raw, which he had never done before. He also found that the other coyotes did not respect him, and sniffed about his woman. One day, his hunger took him to his old village and to the home of his former childhood friend. He tried to steal food from his friend, only to be attacked with a
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community to move to the present location. The other version has the settlement founded by friars
Gonzalo Lucero and Bernardino de Minaya as an evangelization center and monastery, to which the native population eventually drifted. Either way, the settlement was formally established as Santa Maria de la Asuncion Tlacolula in 1560. One of the first major constructions in the Spanish settlement was the Church of La Asunción in 1561. Many of the religious festivals which continue to this day were established around the same time.
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sitting or kneeling behind it and his/her wares all day. This cloth may contain only a few items or it may be full to the edge. The second type is a simple table or stacked boxes. The third is a stall with walls, often constructed of interconnecting metal rods. They type of stall used depends on the economics of the vendors and the types of products they sell. In addition to the stalls, street vendors walk around the market carrying their goods with them, approaching potential customers to ask for a sale.
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the production crafts, mezcal and other items.(25%). In recent years, the production and sale of counterfeit items has increased significantly, especially at the weekly Sunday market. While tourism has not been a significant part of the economy, the municipality has taken steps to promote its attractions, such as the 16th century church and its archeological sites. The municipality also participates in the annual
Guelaguetza festival in the city of Oaxaca to showcase its culture.
613:, embroidered blouses and wool skirts, is more common on this day than even in the municipal market during the week. Many of the indigenous women's home village can be identified by their clothing. It is common to see native women carrying bundles on their backs or on their heads. This is because most sellers are women.(psabor) These women tend to be quite traditional, speaking Zapotec, trading items instead of accepting money and not permitting the taking of their photographs.
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by low hanging colorful tarps which provide protection from sun and rain and almost completely cover the streets from the buildings on one side to those on the other. The most crowded and the most desired locations are those near the plaza and the permanent municipal market buildings. The main church and the municipal palace are both barely visible above all the tarps. Both pedestrian traffic and number of stalls decrease, the further way one gets from this area.
805:(white stone in Zapotec), which has some of the best evidence for the domestication of corn and squash, which dates back more than 10,000 years. Other caves, such as those near Yagual and Mitla confirm findings at Guilá Naquitz and show human occupation to about 8000 years BCE the sites also show similarities to the Head Smashed and Buffalo Jump Complex sites in Canada. Many more smaller caves with similar artifacts are thought to exist in the area.
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390:. The early populations eventually drained the lake, and built a number of settlements. The first settlement nearest the modern city is at what is now San Antonio de la Cal, which was established around 1250 Eventually, the Zapotecs dominated most of the central valleys area. Tradition states that the city was first founded in Yagul, now an archeological site.
769:. After the Conquest the population was relocated to modern Tlacolula where their descendants still live. Yagul was first occupied around 500–100 BC. Around 500–700 AD, residential, civic and ceremonial structures were built at the site. However, most of the visible remains date to 1250–1521 AD, when the site functioned as the capital of a
817:. He friend cried that he was a no good coyote who had no idea how to earn his bread. Upon hearing this, the man felt shame. He returned to his wife as asked her to change him back into a man, which she did cursing. Returned to human form, the man killed his wife-coyote and returned to being an honest worker.
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In the 1960s and 1970s, locals used to jokingly refer to this market as "Tokiolula" since it carried many counterfeit and cheap items from Asia. While the counterfeit goods were mostly eliminated in the 1980s, unauthorized CDs and DVDs, as well as other counterfeit goods have made their way back into
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and the largest and busiest in the
Central Valley region of Oaxaca. The only market of any type which is larger is the Centro de Abastos (main grocery market selling to retailers) in the city of Oaxaca. This market is part of a tradition of weekly markets which is still found in Oaxaca, where people
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The city is the main commercial center for the
Tlacolula Valley area, and best known for its weekly open air market held on Sundays. This market is one of the oldest, largest and busiest in Oaxaca, mostly selling food and other necessities for the many rural people which come into town on this day to
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The caves and rock shelters vary in size and what they contain. Many contain paintings and other forms of graphic representation. Contents include ceramics and stone tools. The corn materials show similarities to the first vestiges of the domestication of wheat and rye in the Middle East. One of the
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Market day is considered a festive day in
Oaxacan towns. Ranchers, farmers and other people from rural areas come to the city to sell shop and socialize. Products, especially certain prepared foods, are available here that are generally not anywhere else. One example is tejate, a fermented corn and
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Each Sunday, very early in the morning, officials close the main street for eight blocks between the main plaza and the bus station, near the highway. Paying fees for the right, vendors set up stalls all over these main road and along adjoining parts of the cross streets as well. Most are covered
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Despite its city status, one rural indigenous custom which is still practiced is the "tequio." This is a form of communal work which is unpaid and done by community members for the public benefit. It is most often performed for infrastructure services such as laying water mains. Sometimes the tequio
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In the early part of 2010, about 800 people organized into groups calling themselves "14 de junio," "and "1 de mayo," and took over lands legally belonging to
Chagoya family. The people claim that they were not in possession of the land illegally and that Roberto Chagoya donated the land to families
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One of the local legends is called "La Mujer Coyota" or The Coyote Woman. A young man who was well known for being honest and hardworking fell in love with a woman from another village. Courtship followed in the traditional manner, the two married and he went to live with her. Soon after, the woman
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The city is located in the
Tlacolula Valley, which is a broad valley with rich, volcanic soils. The climate is a cross between steppe and savannah. It only receives about fifty millimeters of rain per year, but its relatively cool climate allows this to be just sufficient enough to be classified as
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The stalls here are set up early in the morning and taken down that night. The number of vendors on any given Sunday varies but the number usually exceeds 1,000. Counts have been as high as 1,400 and 1,600. Stalls divide into three types. The first is a simple cloth on the ground, with the vendor
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but the main entrance is from the a main nave of the church through an ornate iron gate guarded by statues. The chapel is elaborately and ornately decorated, and some of saints are depicted in unusual ways. The chapel is a regional pilgrimage site. The widespread devotion to the Señor is such that
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Tlacolula is an urban commercial center for this part of the central valleys region of Oaxaca. Only a small percentage (23%) of the municipal population is engaged in agriculture as a primary means of support. Most of the population is dedicated to commerce serving the
Tlacolula district (50%) and
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The area still has serious problems with poverty, with many social services such as education, sanitation and health services insufficient or lacking. This is particularly true in the outlying areas. For this reason, many residents of the municipality has immigrated to the United States, mostly
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More recently catalogued and recognized are a group of about one hundred caves and rock shelters in the
Tlacolula Valley which are found in the Tlacolula and other municipalities. The significance of these caves is that many have pre-historic cave paintings and/or evidence of the transition of
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The city is the commercial and political center of the
Tlacolula Valley, which is named after it. This valley is home to over 60,000 people, many of whom are Zapotec speakers. The streets of the city form rectangular grid, which spreads out from the 17th century Church of La Asunción and its
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There are two competing stories as to how the modern settlement was established by the Spanish. The first states that it was founded as a way station for Europeans traveling to and from the Isthmus of Tehuantepec at the location between the Salado and Seco Rivers. However, flooding forced the
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mission in the mid 16th century. It consists of the main church and the Chapel of the Señor del Tlacolula. The exterior and interior of the church are largely similar to other Dominican churches in the Central Valleys of Oaxaca; the retablos are adorned with silver, and the doors have ornate
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As municipal seat, the city of Tlacolula is the governing authority for sixteen other named localities, the largest of which are San Marcos Tlapazola (pop.1114), San Luis del Rio (pop. 472) and Tanivé (pop. 247).Over 85% of the municipalities population of 16,510 (2005) lives in the city
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humid. Most of this falls in the summer and fall. Within the valley, the ground is small plains broken up by rolling hills and small streams, with larger mountains on the municipality's edge. Most of the wild plants consist of grasses with cactus and other arid area plants, such as
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A notable feature is the Baroque chapel dedicated to a crucifix called the Señor de Tlacolula, one of several "black Christ" images (Chalma, Esquipulas, Ocotitlan) that appeared mysteriously, and to which miracles are attributed. This chapel can be accessed directly from the
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Tlacolula also has an old train station, which no longer hosts trains but does contain businesses such as a those selling bacon, fireworks and other products. The Casa de Cultura is in the municipal palace and sponsored by the Instituto Oaxaqueño de las Culturas.
446:, but is an ex-PRI member who is accused of blackmail. The members of the ejidos have the right to nominate or support candidates collectively, which is normally done at a meeting called the "Caudillo del Sur." Municipal elections are scheduled to be held in 2010.
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Generally, the Sunday merchants sell everyday household items, agricultural products, prepared foods, farm animals, mezcal, clothing, jewelry, kitchen utensils, audio CDs, tools, pottery for everyday use rather than purely decorative or tourist items such as
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unable to afford to buy their own. The title of the land is under dispute with Ernesto Chagoya claiming ownership and denouncing the occupation. On 12 April 2010, municipal police forced the people off the land and the organizations have sought help from
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from rural areas come the local town to buy, sell and socialize, and are a functional feature of pre-modern peasant economies. The market provides a retail outlet for those living in communities too small to support permanent retail establishments.
431:), have not been able to get operating licenses from the federal government and exist illegally. They have also been the target of opposition forces seeking to shut them down. One effort to do so was attempted in 2008, but it was not successful.
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is with goat meat in a dark red broth. The stew is accompanied by fresh corn tortillas, cabbage, radishes, cilantro and lime. Another traditional meal is to buy your meat and have it grilled on the spot, served with tortillas and condiments.
564:. The "Fiestas de las Cruces" last for two months from May to the early part of July. To promote its principle products, the city hosts the annual Feria de Mezcal, Artesanía y Gastronomía (Mezcal, Crafts and Gastronomy Festival) in October.
560:. The feast of the Christ of Tlacolula is held on the second Sunday of October, lasting five days, which is celebrated not only with traditional Masses, processions, folk dances and fireworks, but also with the Mixtec version of the
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archeological site. and a number of a group of one hundred caves and rock shelters which document the pre-historic transition of people from hunting and gathering to agriculture based on the domestication of corn and other plants.
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During the 1960s and 1970s, the city was well known for counterfeit goods, which was mostly eliminated in the 1980s. Since the 2000s, it has been making a comeback, especially in the form of unlicensed CDs and DVDs.
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The city hosts a number of religious and secular festivals during the year. Religious festivals include the feast of the Virgen del Rosario, (which was filmed by researchers from the
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Political tensions related to the election of a new municipal president have existed since 2009, with no apparent candidate. Much of the reason for this is the lack of support by the
427:, a number of "community radio stations" established to provide alternative outlets of information and propaganda. Since this time, most of these stations, including Radio Tlacolula (
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area of southern California. Many Zapotec-speaking peoples from the area work in stalls along the boardwalk or as cooks, waiters and mains in the upscale restaurants and hotels of
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and the feast of the Señor de Tlacolula. For Day of the Dead, the municipality sponsors an "ofrenda" (Day of the Dead altar) for grade school children. The first prize was $ 5000
438:, or communal farm organizations. This issue for the ejidos is that the candidate must be from Tlacolula, and not candidates chosen by or associated with the state's dominant
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with investigation and documentation ongoing. The site was inscribed onto Mexico's "Lista Indicativa de México" in the 2000s and WHS recognition was received in 2007.
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also consists of paying for part of the project. Another tradition which can still be found is the use of a "marriage broker" to get families to agree to the event.
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proper,(inegi) with just over 4,000 who speak an indigenous language. The municipality covers an area of 244.96km2 and borders the municipalities of
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as well as traditional clothing. This market has a large food area that prepares many of the area's local and regional specialties, such as various
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Alvarez, Oscar (January 13, 2002). "Capilla de Tlacolula: Su altar goza de indulgencia" [Chapel of tlacolula:Its altar enjoy indulgence].
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seed drink. Most of the rural people who come to town on Sunday are indigenous, and seeing women dressed in colorful traditional garb, such as
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shop. The city is also home to a 16th-century Dominican church, whose chapel, the Capilla del Señor de Tlacolula, is known for its ornate
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probably arrived in the central valleys of Oaxaca in the 2nd century CE. At that time, much of the Tlacolula area was covered by a lake.
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issued an indulgence stating that priests officiating at this altar can have the sins of one who has recently died completely forgiven.
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humans from hunter/gatherers to sedentary farmers due to the domestication of corn and other plants on the American continent.
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After the establishment of the town, several haciendas were established belonging to the Alferez, Taniye and Soriano families.
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decoration and a crucifix to which have been ascribed many miracles. Outside the city proper, the municipality is home to the
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talking dictionary to local leaders. It was estimated that about 100 elderly speakers of this Zapotecan language remain.
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1017:[Register about a hundred prehistoric caves in the Valley of Tlacolula, Oaxaca] (Press release) (in Spanish).
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The best known archeological site within the municipality proper is Yagul, a former city-state associated with the
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1673:[Archeologists and anthropologists investigate the pre-Hispanic zone of Tlacolula-Mitla-Díaz Ordaz].
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Lillehaugen, Brook Danielle. 2006. Expressing Location in Tlacolula Valley Zapotec. Ph.D. dissertation, UCLA.
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deepest caves is called the Cueva de la Paloma. The caves have been studied since the 1960s, especially the
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1300:[Sunday Market of Tlacolula] (in Spanish). Mexico City: Mexico Desconocido magazine. Archived from
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1388:[Regency of Tourism] (in Spanish). Tlacolula, Oaxaca: Municipality of Tlacolula. Archived from
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Cevallos, Diego (February 5, 2007). "Mexico:Violence threatens staff at community radio stations".
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name was Guillbaan, which means "village of the burials." The appendage "de Matamoros" is to honor
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thought that the Zapotecs arrived from a region called Panuco and established themselves first at
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1749:- Art-historical study of the statues of saints in the church and chapel, with photographs.
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Lapper, Richard (August 31, 2007). "Migrant villages breathe life into the old country; ".
1700:[The Coyote Woman] (in Spanish). Veracruz: Universidad Veracruzana. Archived from
1195:[Assur that the invasión in Tlacolula was not illegal, had consent of the owner].
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1164:[Ejido members of Tlacolula will define in assembly their choice for president].
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The parish church, called the Church of "La Asunción de Nuestra Señora" was founded as a
342:, which means "place of abundance." However, some trace the origin to the Nahuatl phrase
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Yañez, Cesar (September 8, 2000). "Pasillos con sabor" [Hallway with flavor].
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1671:"Arqueólogos y Antropólogos investigan zona prehispánica Tlacolula-Mitla-Díaz Ordaz"
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1193:"Aseguran que invasión en Tlacolula no fue ilegal, hubo consentimiento del dueño"
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https://web.archive.org/web/20091226234239/http://tlacolularadio.msdnoticias.com/
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1492:"Linguistics Students Help Revitalize Critically Endangered Language in Mexico"
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1015:"Registran Centenar de Cuevas prehistóricas en el Valle de Tlacolula, Oaxaca"
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In April 2014, linguist Brook Danielle Lillehaugen, along with students from
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city-state. The site was excavated in the 1950s and 60s by archaeologists
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adjoining plaza. The main street extends north–south and connects to the
1162:"Ejidatarios de Tlacolula definirán en asamblea a su gallo a Presidente"
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Lee, David; Roberts, Charles (Spring 2004). "The Market at Tlacolula".
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1149:(in Spanish). Oaxaca. Centro Independiente de Noticias. June 25, 2008.
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and moles along some species of birds. Rarely, an eagle can be seen.
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ironwork. In the "coro alto" (rear gallery) stands a large baroque
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1441:[Development plan for the Tlacolula-Yautepec region urged].
1070:"Enciclopedia de los Municipios de México Oaxaca Ocotlán de Morelos"
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Rock shelter with human figure etched into it on the road to Yagul
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503:(edible grasshoppers) can be found as well. The local version of
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1104:[Humanidades magazine shows traditions of Tlacolula].
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Colleges, visited Tlacolula de Matamoros to present an online
1439:"Urge plan de desarrollo para la región Tlacolula-Yautepec"
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1102:"Muestra revista "Humanidades" tradiciones de Tlacolula"
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on 13 October 1998. The site is also known locally as
692:. Wildlife consists of small mammals such as rabbits,
495:(Colorado, amarillo, verde and chichilo) as well as
870:[Savor the market of Tlacolula in Oaxaca].
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1601:. Mexico City: Minutiae Mexicana. pp. 72–75.
1479:Tlacolula Valley Zapotec online talking dictionary
793:has worked to recommended these caves to become a
765:(Old Village) and was occupied at the time of the
757:. The site was declared one of the country's four
580:) of Tlacolula is one of the oldest continuous in
294:, about 30 km from the center of the city of
499:and meats in sauces based on tomatoes and beans.
519:Altar area of the Capilla del Señor de Tlacolula
346:, which means "something twisted." Its original
58:Indigenous woman selling at the municipal market
1547:. Mexico City: Minutiae Mexicana. p. 119.
412:fought for dominance here, with battles in the
1747:Santos in Oaxaca's Ancient Churches: Tlacolula
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1626:. Mexico City: Minutiae Mexicana. p. 6.
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466:Fruits and vegetables at the municipal market
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1437:Santaella Sanchez, Ramiro (April 15, 2010).
868:"Saborea el tianguis de Tlacolula en Oaxaca"
982:(in Spanish). Monterrey, Mexico. p. 8.
904:Quintanar Hinojosa, Beatriz (August 2007).
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1649:"Cuevas Prehistoricas en Tlacolula Oaxaca"
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1100:Vega Aguilar, Jorge (December 10, 2007).
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874:(in Spanish). Mexico City. Archived from
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1191:Robles García, Águeda (April 13, 2010).
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906:"Joyas ocultas de los valles centrales"
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16:City and municipality in Oaxaca, Mexico
1677:(in Spanish). Oaxaca. October 15, 2009
1160:Vega Aguilar, Jorge (April 11, 2010).
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866:Jiménez, Alejandro (August 15, 2007).
1727:YouTube: TLACOLULA OAXACA - RESPONSOS
1496:News & Events, Swarthmore College
1332:(in Spanish). Mexico City. p. 3.
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173: • Municipal President
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1956:Populated places established in 1560
1168:(in Spanish). Oaxaca. Archived from
442:. The current president is from the
334:The name most likely comes from the
1368:http://iohio.org.mx/eng/organs9.htm
1370:Restoration of the Tlacolula Organ
1233:. Planeta Ecoguide. Archived from
1143:"Intento de desalojo en Tlacolula"
960:10.1111/j.1949-8535.2004.tb00048.x
617:the otherwise traditional market.
416:mountains and at the city itself.
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1624:Oaxaca: The Archaeological Record
1599:Oaxaca: The Archaeological Record
1545:Oaxaca: The Archaeological Record
1298:"Mercado dominguero de Tlacolula"
721:Tlacolula Valley Zapotec language
1647:Hinojosa, Beatriz (April 2008).
1414:. Moon Handbooks. Archived from
1412:"Capilla del Señor de Tlacolula"
1268:. Moon Handbooks. Archived from
1147:Centro Independiente de Noticias
370:Facade of the La Asuncion church
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910:Guía México Desconocido: Oaxaca
741:Archeological sites and culture
576:The Sunday open air market (or
1490:Doughtery, Ryan (2014-05-27).
1344:"Casa de Cultura de Tlacolula"
1:
1516:"Zona archeological de Yagul"
1574:University of Oklahoma Press
1568:Adams, Richard E.W. (1996).
184:1,600 m (5,200 ft)
356:Mexican War of Independence
1972:
1825:San Jerónimo Tlacochahuaya
1129:Global Information Network
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1732:YouTube: Tlacolula Market
809:confessed that she was a
454:and other organizations.
194: • Municipality
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1951:Municipalities of Oaxaca
1932:Municipalities of Oaxaca
1905:Santo Domingo Albarradas
1855:San Pablo Villa de Mitla
1830:San Juan del Río, Oaxaca
735:Tlacolula Valley Zapotec
641:San Pablo Villa de Mitla
1820:San Francisco Lachigoló
1622:Winter, Marcus (1998).
1597:Winter, Marcus (1998).
1570:Prehistoric Mesoamerica
1543:Winter, Marcus (1998).
380:Fray Juan de Torquemada
316:Valles Centrales Region
176:Rolando López Maldonado
1915:Tlacolula de Matamoros
1875:San Sebastián Teitipac
1845:San Lorenzo Albarradas
1810:San Bartolomé Quialana
1386:"Regiduria de Turismo"
1346:(in Spanish). Mexico:
1131:. New York. p. 1.
954:(4). New York: 29–34.
803:Cueva de Guilá Naquitz
785:
750:
673:San Lorenzo Albarradas
649:San Bartolomé Quialana
562:Mesoamerican ball game
520:
475:
474:Chocolate La Tradición
467:
371:
308:Isthmus of Tehuantepec
302:, which leads east to
280:Tlacolula de Matamoros
83:Tlacolula de Matamoros
23:Tlacolula de Matamoros
1895:Santa María Zoquitlán
1870:San Sebastián Abasolo
1815:San Dionisio Ocotepec
1742:http://www.cotla.com/
783:
748:
661:San Dionisio Ocotepec
550:University of Arizona
518:
473:
465:
369:
310:. It is part of the
247:Postal code (of seat)
231: • Summer (
114:16.95417°N 96.47917°W
1885:Santa Cruz Papalutla
1468:. London. p. 9.
1445:(in Spanish). Oaxaca
1199:(in Spanish). Oaxaca
1108:(in Spanish). Oaxaca
755:Zapotec civilization
709:congregating in the
669:Santa Cruz Papalutla
532:, restored in 2014.
481:Pan American Highway
425:2006 Oaxaca protests
404:, factions loyal to
1910:Teotitlán del Valle
1890:Santa María Guelacé
1880:Santa Ana del Valle
1805:Rojas de Cuauhtémoc
795:World Heritage Site
633:Santa Ana del Valle
626:Political structure
599:barro negro pottery
406:Venustiano Carranza
388:Teotitlán del Valle
314:in the east of the
300:Federal Highway 190
119:16.95417; -96.47917
110: /
1865:San Pedro Totolapa
1860:San Pedro Quiatoni
1850:San Lucas Quiaviní
1800:Magdalena Teitipac
1785:Tlacolula District
1783:Municipalities of
1737:Photos of the town
1653:Mexico Desconocido
1583:-0-8061-2834-8
1304:on August 22, 2008
1296:Herrera, Adriana.
1021:. January 24, 2008
948:Focus on Geography
786:
777:and John Paddock.
751:
749:Ballcourt at Yagul
677:San Pedro Quiatoni
653:San Lucas Quiaviní
645:Magdalena Teitipac
521:
476:
468:
402:Mexican Revolution
372:
312:Tlacolula District
1938:
1937:
1900:Santiago Matatlán
1840:San Juan Teitipac
1835:San Juan Guelavía
1698:"La Mujer Coyota"
1696:Castillo, Marko.
1675:Barra Informativa
1572:. Oklahoma City:
1418:on March 12, 2010
1392:on April 14, 2009
1272:on April 12, 2010
1231:"Tlacolula Guide"
1172:on April 21, 2012
759:Natural Monuments
665:San Juan Guelavía
657:Santiago Matatlán
572:The Sunday market
352:Mariano Matamoros
277:
276:
202: • Seat
1963:
1920:Villa Díaz Ordaz
1777:
1770:
1763:
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1709:
1704:on July 17, 2011
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1197:Diario de Oaxaca
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1166:Diario Despertar
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1072:. Archived from
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878:on June 24, 2010
863:
767:Spanish Conquest
637:Villa Díaz Ordaz
621:The municipality
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1576:. p. 333.
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1466:Financial Times
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554:Day of the Dead
460:
410:Francisco Villa
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95:Coordinates:
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1706:. Retrieved
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1229:Mader, Ron.
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1074:the original
1023:. Retrieved
995:(in Spanish)
988:
979:
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909:
880:. Retrieved
876:the original
872:El Universal
871:
807:
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763:Pueblo Viejo
762:
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715:Santa Monica
711:Venice Beach
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284:municipality
279:
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272:(in Spanish)
223:(US Central)
45:municipality
26:
1266:"Tlacolula"
771:Postclassic
582:Mesoamerica
423:During the
400:During the
340:tlacolullan
117: /
1945:Categories
1501:2014-07-18
1106:e-consulta
838:References
731:Swarthmore
530:pipe organ
501:Chapulines
344:tlacololli
264:.tlacolula
189:Population
168:Government
105:96°28′45″W
102:16°57′15″N
1930:See also
1708:April 21,
1681:April 21,
1525:April 21,
1449:April 21,
1443:Diario PM
1422:April 20,
1396:April 21,
1353:April 21,
1348:CONACULTA
1308:April 21,
1276:April 20,
1241:April 21,
1203:April 21,
1176:April 21,
1112:April 21,
1080:April 21,
1025:April 21,
882:April 21,
727:Haverford
683:Geography
525:Dominican
444:PAN party
440:PRI party
242:(Central)
211:Time zone
181:Elevation
43:City and
36:Tlacolula
980:El Norte
821:See also
694:opossums
690:mesquite
578:tianguis
505:barbacoa
497:tlayudas
458:The city
376:Zapotecs
306:and the
1330:Reforma
815:machete
700:Economy
611:rebozos
489:metates
362:History
354:of the
348:Zapotec
338:phrase
336:Nahuatl
324:Baroque
286:in the
257:Website
220:Central
160:Founded
130:Country
31:Zapotec
1789:Oaxaca
1659:(374).
1630:
1605:
1580:
1551:
827:Dainzú
811:nagual
538:atrium
485:comals
436:ejidos
296:Oaxaca
292:Oaxaca
205:14,074
197:16,510
154:Oaxaca
142:Mexico
139:
916:: 89.
832:Yagul
607:mamey
493:moles
328:Yagul
304:Mitla
251:70403
240:UTC-5
216:UTC-6
149:State
1710:2010
1683:2010
1628:ISBN
1603:ISBN
1578:ISBN
1549:ISBN
1527:2010
1520:INAH
1451:2010
1424:2010
1398:2010
1355:2010
1310:2010
1278:2010
1243:2010
1205:2010
1178:2010
1114:2010
1082:2010
1027:2010
1019:INAH
884:2010
791:INAH
729:and
675:and
487:and
452:APPO
408:and
384:Tule
374:The
266:.gob
163:1560
1657:274
956:doi
914:137
558:MXN
552:),
298:on
290:of
268:.mx
262:www
233:DST
27:Bac
1947::
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218:(
33:)
29:(
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
