123:. Some scholars have argued that his authoritarian policies were more akin to European right-wing dictatorships, though he wished to turn the traditionally conservative state of Tabasco into a socialist model and fought for socialist causes and Tabasco has been called a "socialist tyranny" by Martin C. Needler, Dean of the School of International Studies at the University of the Pacific in California. He also invited the First Congress of Socialist Students to meet in the state of Tabasco and created a form of socialist education which he termed "Rationalist".
182:, the "Jefe Máximo" and power behind the presidency. Calles named fellow anticlerical Garrido Canabal as Secretary of Agriculture to Lázaro Cárdenas's cabinet. Garrido Canabal brought the Red Shirts to Mexico City. Soon after Cárdenas took office, he turned against Garrido Canabal. In 1935, after Garrido Canabal ordered his Red Shirts to kill Catholic activists in Mexico City seeking to return to Tabasco, Cárdenas forced Garrido Canabal to step down and into exile in
20:
66:, he was drawn into politics. He was named interim governor of Tabasco for a brief spell in 1919 (and then of the Yucatán in May and June 1920) until in December 1920 "Garrido again became provisional governor of Tabasco. From this point until August 1935 (except for a brief hiatus during the de la Huerta rebellion) he controlled the state." Garrido's rule, which marked the apogee of Mexican anti-clericalism, was supported by the
617:, 9780918954237. Length: 426 pages. Page 113, "Tomas Garrido, always proud of the success his atheist teachers had achieved and desirous of winning student support for his political ambitions, invited the First Congress of Socialist Students to meet in Tabasco.", "Tomas Garrido termed this education "Rationalist", which in reality was a forerunner of the socialist education amended into Article III of the Constitution in 1934."
74:
2001:
2021:
2011:
170:
of the Yucatán twelve years earlier. In Mexico, Garrido
Canabal's Tabasco was one of several "vying with one another for the title 'Laboratory of the Revolution'." As Governor, however, he also issued rigid decrees against corsets and alcohol and outlawed tombstones.
186:. Dismissing Garrido Canabal was part of Cárdenas's political maneuvering against Calles, who had expected to continue to be the power behind the presidency. Politically, eliminating Garrido Canabal and Calles gained Cárdenas the grudging support of the
161:
Garrido
Canabal's administrative achievements included stimulating the social development of the state of Tabasco by means of agricultural and social policies and his support for the enfranchisement of women. In 1934, he introduced
157:
Roberto
Hinojosa, the Bolivian revolutionary, described Garrido's Tabasco as "the Bethlehem of the Socialist dawn in America" and Garrido as an "academic and farmer, intellectual and rancher, a guide and soldier of socialism".
1668:
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103:, a rebellion opposed to the enforcement of anticlerical laws. He founded several organizations "that terrorized Roman Catholics", most notably the so-called "Camisas Rojas" or "
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The Last
Caudillo: Álvaro Obregón and the Mexican Revolution, Volume 12 of Viewpoints/Puntos de Vista: Themes and Interpretations in Latin American History
2110:
1821:
286:
Ridgeway, Stan (2001). "Monoculture, Monopoly, and the
Mexican Revolution: Tomás Garrido Canabal and the Standard Fruit Company in Tabasco (1920–1935)".
369:
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190:. Garrido Canabal's paramilitary groups were subsequently disbanded. He was allowed to return to Mexico in 1941 and died two years later of cancer in
2065:
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42:; during his term, he led persecutions against the Church in his state, killing many priests and laymen and driving the remainder underground.
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He is also referenced under the name
Salgado in Les couteaux, a French novel by Emmanuel Robles released in 1956.
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is based on
Garrido Canabal, though his name is never mentioned. The novel's protagonist is a (also unnamed) "
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146:. In Tabasco, satirical plays were also organised, with for instance "the parading of a stud bull called 'the
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30:(September 20, 1891 – April 8, 1943) was a Mexican politician, revolutionary and
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207:
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126:
Garrido
Canabal's revolutionary fervor was reflected in the names of his children:
100:
95:. Canabal was a fervent anticlericalist and anti-Catholic, who supported President
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1561:
1556:
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191:
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was elected president in 1934, his first cabinet was hand-picked by his patron,
447:
An
Eternal Struggle: How the National Action Party Transformed Mexican Politics
301:
265:"A Setback to Tomas Garrido Canabal's Desire to Eliminate the Church in Mexico"
1931:
1811:
1703:
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807:
757:
705:
The Eagle and the Virgin: Nation and
Cultural Revolution in Mexico, 1920–1940
680:
498:
Baird, David; Christensen, Shane; Delsol, Christine; Hepp, Joy (2010-07-30).
309:
1443:
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657:(1994). "Popular Culture and the Revolutionary State in Mexico, 1910-1940".
116:
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51:
434:. Eerdmans, 1968 (Original from University of Texas). Length: 213 pages.
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59:
35:
31:
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220:", a theme often used in Garrido Canabal's antireligious propaganda.
147:
143:
672:
785:, second edition. Cambridge: Harvard University Press 1961, p. 219.
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18:
870:"THE TROUBLING ROOTS OF MEXICO'S LÓPEZ OBRADOR: Tropical Messiah"
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911:
115:, a Marxist and anti-fascist, and considered himself a Marxist
432:
Tinder in Tabasco: a study of church growth in tropical Mexico
131:
38:
from 1920 to 1924 and from 1931 to 1934. He was noted for his
34:
activist. Garrido Canabal served as governor of the state of
361:
359:
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to Tabasco, making him the second governor to do so after
130:
and Zoila Libertad. He even had a farm with a bull named
85:
A character thought to be based on Canabal, in the novel
342:
340:
555:
Infernal Paradise: Mexico and the Modern English Novel
1213:
Genocide of Serbs in the Independent State of Croatia
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898:Barbara A. Tenenbaum and Georgette M. Dorn (eds.),
58:, in the northernmost part of the Mexican state of
1288:1998 attacks on Christians in southeastern Gujarat
1253:Persecution of Christians in the post–Cold War era
1208:Persecution of Jehovah's Witnesses in Nazi Germany
1086:Captivity of Mangalorean Catholics at Seringapatam
900:Encyclopedia of Latin American History and Culture
330:Godman, Peter. "Graham Greene's Vatican Dossier".
474:Peregrino: A Pilgrim Journey Into Catholic Mexico
1323:2008 attacks on Christians in southern Karnataka
702:Vaughan, Mary Kay; Lewis, Stephen (2006-03-13).
609:. Markham Press Fund, 1980. University of Texas
1041:Destruction of the Church of the Holy Sepulchre
732:(Durham, NC: Duke University Press, 2002): 411.
525:Beezley, William; Meyer, Michael (2010-08-03).
607:Religion in Latin American life and literature
923:
582:Mexican Politics: The Containment of Conflict
8:
1293:1998 attacks on Christians in Dangs district
107:", and as a result some have labeled him a "
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91:, was called an "atheist and a puritan" by
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1328:2021 anti-Christian violence in Karnataka
660:The Hispanic American Historical Review
241:Mexico 1910-1982: Reform or Revolution?
231:
111:", but he named one of his sons after
50:Tomás Garrido Canabal was born in the
7:
2010:
1308:2007 Christmas violence in Kandhamal
81:, bombed by order of Garrido Canabal
421:, 9781405199032. Length: 232 pages.
70:(PRST) of which he was the leader.
2081:Mexican Secretaries of Agriculture
1912:Forty Martyrs of England and Wales
1109:1843 and 1846 massacres in Hakkari
605:Brown, Lyle C. Copper, William F.
558:. University of California Press.
119:. The anthem of his Redshirts was
68:Radical Socialist Party of Tabasco
14:
2111:Mexican expatriates in Costa Rica
1318:2008 Kandhamal nun gang rape case
630:The Mexican Revolution, 1910-1940
376:, at the Historical Text Archive.
2126:20th-century Mexican politicians
2101:Deaths from cancer in California
2096:People of the Mexican Revolution
2019:
2009:
2000:
1999:
1927:Martyrs of the Spanish Civil War
552:Walker, Ronald G. (1978-01-01).
244:, Zed Press, 1983, p. 245,
1104:Constantinople massacre of 1821
833:"MEXICO: Ossy, Ossy, Boneheads"
413:. John Wiley & Sons, 2011.
188:Roman Catholic Church in Mexico
1298:1998 Ramgiri-Udaygiri violence
1046:Kisrawan campaigns (1292–1305)
585:. Greenwood Publishing Group.
579:Needler, Martin (1995-11-14).
477:. Wm. B. Eerdmans Publishing.
450:. Greenwood Publishing Group.
444:Ard, Michael J. (2003-10-30).
1:
1982:Eastern Catholics in the USSR
1166:Great Famine of Mount Lebanon
1134:Tự Đức's Catholic persecution
902:(New York: Scribner's, 1996).
627:Gonzales, Michael J. (2002).
334:288.1 (July/August 2001): 85.
2121:Mexican critics of religions
2066:Governors of Yucatán (state)
783:The United States and Mexico
528:The Oxford History of Mexico
746:"Milestones, Apr. 19, 1943"
531:. Oxford University Press.
269:Journal of Church and State
2142:
1942:Saints of the Cristero War
1902:Saint Martyrs of Jasenovac
1333:2010 Manila hostage crisis
471:Austin, Ron (2010-12-21).
318:10.1525/msem.2001.17.1.143
302:10.1525/msem.2001.17.1.143
2056:Mexican atheism activists
1995:
1882:Massacre of the Innocents
1263:Maluku sectarian conflict
942:Persecution of Christians
728:Gilbert M. Joseph (ed.),
708:. Duke University Press.
351:The Columbia Encyclopedia
150:' or an ass labeled 'the
101:war against the Cristeros
2116:Persecution of Catholics
2091:Politicians from Chiapas
1832:Violence against Mormons
1008:Diocletianic Persecution
947:Anti-Christian sentiment
887:United States and Mexico
367:"Garrido Canabal, Tomás"
347:"Garrido Canabal, Tomás"
134:, an ox and a hog named
2076:Mexican revolutionaries
1313:2008 Kandhamal violence
271:(1971) 13 (3): 479-492.
213:The Power and the Glory
88:The Power and the Glory
1937:North American Martyrs
1283:Maspero demonstrations
1238:Mountain War (Lebanon)
1026:Homs revolts (854–855)
501:Frommer's® Mexico 2011
168:Felipe Carrillo Puerto
82:
24:
1552:Tomás Garrido Canabal
1547:Plutarco Elías Calles
1465:Al-Hakim bi-Amr Allah
1303:1999 Ranalai violence
1278:Boko Haram insurgency
1119:1860 Lebanon conflict
386:World Vision Magazine
353:Sixth Edition (2005).
180:Plutarco Elías Calles
142:, and a donkey named
97:Plutarco Elías Calles
76:
28:Tomás Garrido Canabal
23:Tomás Garrido Canabal
22:
2061:Governors of Tabasco
1612:Abu Bakr al-Baghdadi
1542:Mwanga II of Buganda
1268:Nag Hammadi massacre
1069:Revolt in the Vendée
851:on December 22, 2011
814:on November 25, 2010
764:on December 14, 2008
332:The Atlantic Monthly
138:, a cow named after
79:Convento de Oxolotan
1987:21 Martyrs of Libya
1967:522 Spanish Martyrs
1962:498 Spanish Martyrs
1957:233 Spanish Martyrs
998:Persecution in Lyon
796:"MEXICO: Palm Down"
2086:Mexican socialists
1977:Martyrs of Daimiel
1952:Vietnamese Martyrs
1892:Carthusian Martyrs
1491:Toyotomi Hideyoshi
1360:Early Christianity
1203:Red Terror (Spain)
1139:Hamidian massacres
1036:Bashmurian revolts
1031:Martyrs of Córdoba
1003:Decian persecution
993:Great Fire of Rome
967:Early Christianity
430:Bennett, Charles.
409:Buchenau, Jürgen.
372:2007-10-30 at the
263:Kirshner, Alan M.
206:The lieutenant in
202:Literary portrayal
121:The Internationale
83:
64:Mexican Revolution
56:Playas de Catazajá
25:
16:Mexican politician
2033:
2032:
1839:Oriental Orthodox
1620:
1619:
1393:Septimius Severus
1346:
1345:
1176:Assyrian genocide
1171:Armenian genocide
1079:Kakure Kirishitan
1064:French Revolution
868:Krauze, Enrique.
781:Cline, Howard F.
730:The Mexico Reader
715:978-0-8223-8752-7
640:978-0-8263-2780-2
592:978-0-275-95251-8
565:978-0-520-03197-5
538:978-0-19-977993-2
511:978-0-470-92641-3
484:978-0-8028-6584-7
457:978-0-275-97831-0
398:National Republic
365:Mabry, Donald J.
2133:
2071:Mexican atheists
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2013:
2012:
2003:
2002:
1972:Martyrs of Turon
1922:Martyrs of Japan
1875:
1822:Eastern Orthodox
1805:persecuted group
1357:
1338:Genocide by ISIL
1273:Kosheh massacres
1243:Beer Hall Putsch
1129:Kucheng massacre
1124:Tianjin Massacre
1074:Martyrs of Japan
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876:. June 19, 2006.
874:The New Republic
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400:. Volumes 22-23.
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1228:Chouf massacres
1218:Istanbul pogrom
1198:Shusha massacre
1186:İzmit massacres
1156:Boxer Rebellion
1151:Candia massacre
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839:. 1935-02-04.
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1764:Soviet Union
1754:Saudi Arabia
1679:Nazi Germany
1582:Adolf Hitler
1567:Three Pashas
1551:
1537:Ranavalona I
1484:Early modern
1376:Roman Empire
1248:Eastern Bloc
1193:Cristero War
1056:Early modern
985:Roman Empire
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853:. Retrieved
849:the original
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2051:1943 deaths
2046:1891 births
1932:New Martyrs
1856:Protestants
1812:Anabaptists
1739:North Korea
1634:Afghanistan
1597:Kim Il-sung
1562:Enver Hoxha
1557:Bai Chongxi
1506:Tipu Sultan
1470:Hulagu Khan
1453:Middle Ages
1114:1850 Aleppo
1018:Middle Ages
192:Los Angeles
2040:Categories
1719:Madagascar
1644:Azerbaijan
1607:Xi Jinping
1587:Mao Zedong
1424:Diocletian
1353:persecutor
1144:Diyarbekir
855:2017-02-02
818:2017-02-02
768:2017-02-02
667:(3): 408.
615:0918954231
419:1405199032
227:References
196:California
184:Costa Rica
105:Red Shirts
1844:Armenians
1817:Catholics
1689:Indonesia
1511:Minh Mạng
1444:Athanaric
1439:Shapur II
1367:Agrippa I
889:, p. 220.
845:0040-781X
808:0040-781X
758:0040-781X
681:1527-1900
504:. Wiley.
310:1533-8320
117:Bolshevik
46:Biography
2005:Category
1779:Thailand
1749:Pakistan
1724:Malaysia
1654:Cambodia
1434:Galerius
1429:Maximian
1408:Valerian
1388:Domitian
959:incident
370:Archived
52:hacienda
2015:Commons
1866:Martyrs
1827:Mormons
1789:Vietnam
1759:Somalia
1734:Nigeria
1714:Lebanon
1639:Algeria
1627:country
1592:Pol Pot
885:Cline,
689:2517891
109:fascist
60:Chiapas
36:Tabasco
32:atheist
2025:Portal
1784:Turkey
1729:Mexico
1669:France
1530:Modern
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1501:Kangxi
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144:Christ
1849:Copts
1794:Yemen
1774:Sudan
1769:Spain
1704:Japan
1684:India
1664:Egypt
1659:China
1649:Burma
1475:Timur
685:JSTOR
314:JSTOR
174:When
128:Lenin
1872:list
1709:Laos
1699:Iraq
1694:Iran
1383:Nero
841:ISSN
837:Time
804:ISSN
800:Time
754:ISSN
750:Time
710:ISBN
677:ISSN
635:ISBN
611:ISBN
587:ISBN
560:ISBN
533:ISBN
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415:ISBN
306:ISSN
246:ISBN
154:.'"
152:pope
140:Mary
136:Pope
669:doi
298:doi
210:'s
132:God
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