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music: "For purposes of non-tonal centric music, it might be a good idea to have the term 'tone center' refer to the more general class of which 'tonics' (or tone centers in tonal contexts) could be regarded as a subclass." Thus, a pitch center may function referentially or contextually in an atonal
295:, the tonic center was the most important of all the different tone centers which a composer used in a piece of music, with most pieces beginning and ending on the tonic, usually modulating to the dominant (the fifth scale degree above the tonic, or the fourth below it) in between.
414:
The tonic includes four separate activities or roles as the principal goal tone, initiating event, generator of other tones, and the stable center neutralizing the tension between dominant and subdominant.
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310:) have different tonics. For example, C major and A minor share a key signature that feature no sharps or flats, despite having different tonic pitches (C and A, respectively).
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upon which all other notes of a piece are hierarchically referenced. Scales are named after their tonics: for instance, the tonic of the
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245:(i.e., I and its chief auxiliaries a 5th removed), and especially the first two of these.
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have the same tonic. For example, in both C major and C minor, the tonic is C. However,
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693:, p. 529. 5th edition revised by Mark DeVoto. W. W. Norton, New York/London.
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221:, the tonic chord is typically symbolized by the Roman numeral "I" if it is
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570:(Autumn 1982 – Summer 1983). "A Tonal Analog: The Tone-Centered Music of
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283:, which is the reference note of a chord, rather than that of the scale.
152:
616:
Music in
Transition: A Study of Tonal Expansion and Atonality, 1900–1920
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470:
Benward, Bruce; Saker, Marilyn (2009). "Scales, Tonality, Key, Modes".
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163:
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650:(Fall–Winter 1963). "Problems of Pitch Organization in Stravinsky".
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in his "Problems of Pitch
Organization in Stravinsky". According to
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432: – Lowest frequency of a periodic waveform, such as sound
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may be reserved exclusively for use in tonal contexts while
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122:
Scale and tonic triad in C major (top) and C minor (bottom)
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Audio playback is not supported in your browser. You can
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Audio playback is not supported in your browser. You can
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Audio playback is not supported in your browser. You can
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may be too technical for most readers to understand
259:: in major, as I, or in minor as i or rarely i:
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530:(5th ed.). Boston: McGraw-Hill. p.
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474:(8th ed.). McGraw Hill. p. 28.
229:In very much conventionally tonal music,
73:Learn how and when to remove this message
57:, without removing the technical details.
462:
350:
233:will reveal a broad prevalence of the
55:make it understandable to non-experts
7:
279:The tonic is distinguished from the
151:(the first note of a scale) and the
306:(two different scales that share a
190:. More generally, the tonic is the
162:that is commonly used in the final
237:(often triadic) harmonies: tonic,
186:system, the tonic note is sung as
25:
408:Prélude à l'après-midi d'un faune
329:Prélude à l'après-midi d'un faune
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714:
351:Problems playing this file? See
335:
255:These chords may also appear as
141:
34:
27:Tonal center of a diatonic scale
618:. New York City: W. W. Norton.
213:, is thus the most significant
209:formed on the tonic note, the
1:
499:Structural Functions in Music
217:in these styles of music. In
472:Music in Theory and Practice
385:context, often acting as an
265:
108:
90:
225:and by "i" if it is minor.
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1106:Dominant seventh flat five
389:or line of symmetry in an
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1380:
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772:
653:Perspectives of New Music
577:Perspectives of New Music
522:; Payne, Dorothy (2004).
565:(1963), p. 12. cited in
1623:Chord names and symbols
287:Importance and function
270:download the audio file
113:download the audio file
95:download the audio file
1757:Names and translations
1506:Secondary leading-tone
584:(1/2): 257–284 (258).
320:
293:common practice period
277:
253:
219:Roman numeral analysis
430:Fundamental frequency
319:
261:
1511:Secondary supertonic
723:at Wikimedia Commons
1823:Diatonic functions
1582:Chord-scale system
1501:Secondary dominant
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184:movable do solfège
166:in tonal (musical
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1729:Music in all keys
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1473:Chromatic mediant
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1329:Viennese trichord
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719:Media related to
481:978-0-07-310187-3
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231:harmonic analysis
180:traditional music
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16:(Redirected from
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1365:Synthetic chord
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1304:Northern lights
1269:Complexe sonore
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1233:Augmented sixth
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1184:Upper structure
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1141:Altered seventh
1136:Augmented minor
1131:Augmented major
1116:Half-diminished
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1701:Diatonic scale
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1628:List of chords
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1345:Mixed interval
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766:diatonic scale
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709:External links
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687:Piston, Walter
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666:10.2307/832252
648:Berger, Arthur
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590:10.2307/832876
568:Swift, Richard
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520:Kostka, Stefan
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397:was coined by
391:interval cycle
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257:seventh chords
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149:diatonic scale
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2:
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1818:Scale degrees
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1540:
1538:
1537:Primary triad
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1524:
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1507:
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1502:
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1400:
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1201:
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1034:
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1026:
1019:
1014:
1012:
1007:
1005:
1000:
999:
996:
981:(Major/Minor)
963:(Major/Minor)
948:
945:
942:
939:(Major/Minor)
924:
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918:
917:
913:
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781:(Major/Minor)
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745:
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738:
733:
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722:
721:Tonic (music)
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700:
699:0-393-95480-3
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689:(1987/1941).
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625:0-393-02193-9
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526:Tonal Harmony
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507:0-486-25384-8
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497:(1976/1987).
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425:Final (music)
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403:Walter Piston
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399:Arthur Berger
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308:key signature
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304:relative keys
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300:parallel keys
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135:is the first
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63:December 2021
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43:This article
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1441:Leading-tone
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1218: /
1205:Tone cluster
1086:Leading-tone
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894:Leading-tone
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853:
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806:
690:
682:
660:(1): 11–42.
657:
651:
642:
615:
606:
581:
575:
572:George Perle
558:
525:
514:
498:
490:
471:
465:
436:Double tonic
413:
406:
394:
373:pitch center
372:
371:
367:tonal center
366:
365:
361:
359:
328:
297:
290:
278:
254:
250:Berry (1976)
228:
210:
204:
187:
137:scale degree
132:
126:
102:
69:
60:
44:
18:Tonal centre
1787:Transposing
1766:Theoretical
1675:Musical key
1426:Subdominant
1289:Grandmother
1146:Nondominant
1126:Minor-major
855:Subdominant
612:Samson, Jim
393:. The term
327:Opening of
243:subdominant
211:tonic chord
1812:Categories
1794:Instrument
1722:Modulation
1560:Techniques
1547:Substitute
1542:Subsidiary
1478:Neapolitan
1436:Submediant
1416:Supertonic
1189:Dominant 7
1179:Thirteenth
1111:Diminished
1063:Diminished
873:Submediant
817:Supertonic
541:0072852607
457:References
451:Supertonic
378:post-tonal
353:media help
157:resolution
1750:Signature
1708:Homotonal
1577:Chordioid
1493:Secondary
1309:Petrushka
1243:Seven six
1200:Polychord
1068:Suspended
1058:Augmented
800:vii / VII
788:iii / III
762:functions
501:, p. 62.
360:The term
182:. In the
147:) of the
1773:Tonality
1743:Relative
1736:Parallel
1618:Arpeggio
1532:Contrast
1468:Borrowed
1463:Approach
1445:Subtonic
1431:Dominant
1403:Diatonic
1394:function
1350:Secundal
1252:Specific
1192:♯
1174:Eleventh
1161:Extended
1101:Dominant
976:♭
970:♮
958:♭
952:♮
934:♭
928:♮
907:Subtonic
864:Dominant
614:(1977).
550:51613969
446:Subtonic
419:See also
248:—
239:dominant
170:-based)
1483:Passing
1455:Altered
1421:Mediant
1360:Quartal
1355:Tertian
1338:General
1324:Tristan
1319:So What
1279:Elektra
1220:omitted
1078:Seventh
1032:By form
830:Mediant
797:vi / VI
791:IV / iv
785:ii / ii
764:of the
758:Degrees
691:Harmony
634:3240273
235:primary
196:C major
164:cadence
49:Please
1633:Factor
1587:Guitar
1527:Common
1370:Tetrad
1314:Psalms
1299:Mystic
1284:Farben
1264:Bridge
1238:Lydian
1025:Chords
697:
674:832252
672:
632:
622:
598:832876
596:
563:Berger
548:
538:
505:
478:
382:atonal
331:(MIDI)
241:, and
200:note C
178:, and
131:, the
1780:Tonic
1611:Other
1602:Slash
1597:Power
1572:Block
1567:Barre
1520:Other
1411:Tonic
1294:Magic
1274:Dream
1259:Alpha
1228:Sixth
1216:Added
1169:Ninth
1096:Minor
1091:Major
1053:Minor
1048:Major
1040:Triad
808:Tonic
794:V / v
778:I / i
670:JSTOR
594:JSTOR
362:tonic
223:major
215:chord
207:triad
153:tonal
133:tonic
129:music
1592:Open
846:(Sp)
760:and
695:ISBN
630:OCLC
620:ISBN
546:OCLC
536:ISBN
503:ISBN
476:ISBN
387:axis
380:and
298:Two
281:root
205:The
192:note
160:tone
1392:By
973:/ B
955:/ A
931:/ E
885:tCp
838:Tkp
662:doi
586:doi
574:".
532:234
441:Key
411:".
370:or
168:key
127:In
53:to
1814::
1443:/
911:dP
898:D̸
883:,
881:sP
879:,
877:Tp
844:,
842:tP
840:,
836:,
834:Dp
821:Sp
668:.
656:.
628:.
592:.
582:21
580:.
544:.
534:.
202:.
188:do
174:,
1667:e
1660:t
1653:v
1195:9
1017:e
1010:t
1003:v
967:B
949:A
946:G
943:F
925:E
922:D
919:C
750:e
743:t
736:v
701:.
676:.
664::
658:2
636:.
600:.
588::
552:.
509:.
484:.
355:.
272:.
139:(
115:.
97:.
76:)
70:(
65:)
61:(
47:.
20:)
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