462:
450:
474:
29:
358:
The
Topolnitsa has predominantly rain-snow feed with high water in March–June and low water in August–October. The average annual discharge is 3.75 m/s at the confluence of its tributary Medetska reka and 10 m/s at the village of
316:, it turns southwards and flows through a deep valley dividing two major sections of Sredna Gora — Ihtimanska Sredna Gora to the west and Sashtinska Sredna Gora to the east. Downstream of the dam of the
304:. In its first 12 km, the Topolnitsa flows eastwards in a deep forested valley. It then turns in northern direction, flows through the Koprivshtitsa Valley and enters another deep valley. Following the
430:, Zhekov Vir and Topolnitsa. The latter allows the irrigation of about 350 km arable land and also has a small hydro power station (9 MW). In the area of its upper course there two
607:Мичев (Michev), Николай (Nikolay); Михайлов (Mihaylov), Цветко (Tsvetko); Вапцаров (Vaptsarov), Иван (Ivan); Кираджиев (Kiradzhiev), Светлин (Svetlin) (1980).
328:, where the riverbed is corrected with protective dikes. It flows into the Maritsa at an altitude of 205 m about one kilometer west of the city of
644:
501:
169:
94:
300:
The river takes its source at an altitude of 1,413 m near the eastern foothills of the summit of Bich (1,449 m) in the mountain range of
461:
639:
629:
589:
335:
Its drainage basin covers a territory of 1789 km or 3.4% of
Maritsa's total. It borders the drainage basins of the rivers
321:
426:
Its waters are utilised for irrigation in the
Zlatitsa–Pirdop Valley and the Upper Thracian Plain, via the reservoirs of
280:"). Reaching length of 155 km, the Topolnitsa is the fourth longest river in the Maritsa drainage, following the
634:
309:
411:. There are two main roads through its valley, a 16.4 km stretch of the third class III-606 road Koprivshtitsa–
305:
285:
313:
449:
416:
388:
473:
497:
325:
317:
427:
376:
539:
260:
252:
404:
595:
585:
400:
396:
34:
351:
to the east. The main tributaries are the
Medetska reka, Berereyska, Zlatishka, Bunovska,
372:
623:
380:
336:
435:
431:
340:
301:
140:
80:
28:
329:
239:
599:
184:
171:
109:
96:
384:
360:
348:
412:
392:
265:
50:
615:] (in Bulgarian). София (Sofia): Наука и култура (Nauka i kultura).
522:
520:
518:
516:
514:
512:
510:
420:
352:
344:
281:
277:
269:
235:
155:
408:
289:
563:
526:
312:, where its flows through its southern areas. At the village of
272:. The river's name is derived from the Bulgarian word топола,
419:
and a 35.3 km stretch of the third class III-803 road
379:. There are 11 settlements along its course: the town of
320:
the river takes a southeastern turn. At the village of
231:
226:
218:
210:
200:
161:
149:
139:
125:
86:
73:
65:
56:
46:
41:
21:
540:"A Map of the Republican Road Network of Bulgaria"
308:, the river turns west-southwest and enters the
544:Official Site of the Road Infrastructure Agency
8:
502:National Statistical Institute (Bulgaria)
584:(in Bulgarian). БАН, Труд, Сирма. 2002.
490:
445:
564:Geographic Dictionary of Bulgaria 1980
527:Geographic Dictionary of Bulgaria 1980
18:
467:Topolnitsa between Tserovo and Muhovo
268:, an important left tributary of the
259:
7:
222:1,789 km (691 sq mi)
14:
613:Geographic Dictionary of Bulgaria
645:Landforms of Pazardzhik Province
472:
460:
448:
27:
163: • coordinates
88: • coordinates
1:
609:Географски речник на България
306:Koprivshtitsa Railway Station
57:Physical characteristics
339:to the north and northwest,
202: • elevation
131:1,413 m (4,636 ft)
127: • elevation
33:The Topolnitsa as seen from
640:Landforms of Sofia Province
151: • location
75: • location
661:
630:Tributaries of the Maritsa
582:Българска енциклопедия А-Я
324:the Topolnitsa enters the
498:Statistical Yearbook 2017
395:, Lesichovo, Kalugerovo,
371:The river is situated in
264:) is a river in southern
256:
185:42.1872000°N 24.3003000°E
135:
110:42.6189000°N 24.2931000°E
61:
26:
214:155 km (96 mi)
206:205 m (673 ft)
455:Topolnitsa at Lesichovo
434:, related to the major
423:–Lesichovo–Pazardzhik.
367:Settlements and economy
479:Topolnitsa at Tserovo
310:Zlatitsa–Pirdop Valley
288:(290 km) and the
261:[toˈpɔɫnit͡ʃɐ]
190:42.1872000; 24.3003000
115:42.6189000; 24.2931000
347:to the northeast and
383:and the villages of
326:Upper Thracian Plain
318:Topolnitsa Reservoir
377:Pazardzhik Province
284:(390 km), the
227:Basin features
181: /
106: /
635:Rivers of Bulgaria
529:, pp. 495–496
245:
244:
16:River in Bulgaria
652:
616:
603:
567:
561:
555:
554:
552:
550:
536:
530:
524:
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476:
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263:
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186:
182:
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128:
121:
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118:
117:
116:
111:
107:
104:
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102:
99:
89:
76:
35:Trakiya motorway
31:
19:
660:
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655:
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620:
619:
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592:
579:
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562:
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548:
546:
538:
537:
533:
525:
508:
496:
492:
487:
480:
477:
468:
465:
456:
453:
444:
369:
298:
292:(281 km).
203:
189:
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175:
172:
170:
168:
167:
164:
152:
126:
114:
112:
108:
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92:
87:
74:
37:
17:
12:
11:
5:
658:
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621:
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617:
604:
590:
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572:
569:
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531:
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489:
488:
486:
483:
482:
481:
478:
471:
469:
466:
459:
457:
454:
447:
443:
440:
373:Sofia Province
368:
365:
343:to the north,
297:
294:
243:
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233:
229:
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224:
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220:
216:
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150:
147:
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137:
136:
133:
132:
129:
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122:
90:
84:
83:
79:east of Bich,
77:
71:
70:
67:
63:
62:
59:
58:
54:
53:
48:
44:
43:
39:
38:
32:
24:
23:
15:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
657:
646:
643:
641:
638:
636:
633:
631:
628:
627:
625:
614:
610:
605:
601:
597:
593:
591:954-8104-08-3
587:
583:
580:"Тополница".
578:
577:
573:
566:, p. 496
565:
560:
557:
545:
541:
535:
532:
528:
523:
521:
519:
517:
515:
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511:
507:
503:
499:
494:
491:
484:
475:
470:
463:
458:
451:
446:
441:
439:
438:copper mine.
437:
433:
432:tailings dams
429:
424:
422:
418:
414:
410:
406:
402:
398:
394:
390:
386:
382:
381:Koprivshtitsa
378:
374:
366:
364:
362:
356:
354:
350:
346:
342:
338:
333:
331:
327:
323:
319:
315:
311:
307:
303:
295:
293:
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287:
283:
279:
275:
271:
267:
262:
254:
250:
241:
237:
234:
230:
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221:
217:
213:
209:
205:
199:
194:
173:42°11′13.92″N
166:
160:
157:
154:
148:
144:
142:
138:
134:
130:
124:
119:
101:24°17′35.16″E
91:
85:
82:
78:
72:
68:
64:
60:
55:
52:
49:
45:
40:
36:
30:
25:
20:
612:
608:
581:
559:
547:. Retrieved
543:
534:
493:
436:Asarel Medet
425:
370:
357:
355:and Pavel.
334:
299:
273:
248:
246:
176:24°18′1.08″E
98:42°37′8.04″N
387:, Petrich,
302:Sredna Gora
232:Progression
188: /
113: /
81:Sredna Gora
624:Categories
574:References
330:Pazardzhik
322:Kalugerovo
249:Topolnitsa
240:Aegean Sea
219:Basin size
22:Topolnitsa
600:163361648
549:7 October
485:Citations
428:Dushantsi
405:Yunatsite
385:Dushantsi
361:Lesichovo
349:Luda Yana
296:Geography
257:Тополница
253:Bulgarian
413:Strelcha
401:Pamidovo
393:Poibrene
266:Bulgaria
51:Bulgaria
42:Location
504:, p. 17
442:Gallery
421:Ihtiman
397:Dinkata
353:Mativir
345:Stryama
314:Petrich
282:Tundzha
270:Maritsa
236:Maritsa
156:Maritsa
47:Country
598:
588:
409:Dragor
389:Muhovo
290:Ergene
278:poplar
274:topola
211:Length
145:
69:
66:Source
611:[
337:Iskar
141:Mouth
596:OCLC
586:ISBN
551:2023
417:Trud
407:and
375:and
286:Arda
247:The
341:Vit
626::
594:.
542:.
509:^
500:,
403:,
399:,
391:,
363:.
332:.
276:("
255::
238:→
602:.
553:.
415:–
251:(
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
