33:
4198:
32:
499:
characteristics of abstract subjects, which are called topics. Topics have their characteristics within scopes: i.e. the limited contexts within which the names and resources are regarded as their name, resource, and relationship characteristics. One or more interrelated documents employing this grammar is called a topic map."
643:
In normal use it is often desirable to have a way to arbitrarily query the data within a particular Topic Maps store. Many implementations provide a syntax by which this can be achieved (somewhat like 'SQL for Topic Maps') but the syntax tends to vary a lot between different implementations. With
449:
Topic maps explicitly support the concept of merging of identity between multiple topics or topic maps. Furthermore, because ontologies are topic maps themselves, they can also be merged thus allowing for the automated integration of information from diverse sources into a coherent new topic map.
498:
The specification is summarized in the abstract as follows: "This specification provides a model and grammar for representing the structure of information resources used to define topics, and the associations (relationships) between topics. Names, resources, and relationships are said to be
664:
for topic maps). Constraints can be used to define things like 'every document needs an author' or 'all managers must be human'. There are often implementation specific ways of achieving these goals, but work has gone into defining a standardized constraint language as follows:
692:
The "Topic Maps" concept has existed for a long time. The HyTime standard was proposed as far back as 1992 (or earlier?). Earlier versions of ISO 13250 (than the current revision) also exist. More information about such standards can be found at the ISO Topic Maps site.
22:
470:/WG 3 committee (ISO/IEC Joint Technical Committee 1, Subcommittee 34, Working Group 3 – Document description and processing languages – Information Association). However, WG3 was disbanded and maintenance of ISO/IEC 13250 was assigned to WG8.
592:
Linear topic map notation (LTM) serves as a kind of shorthand for writing topic maps in plain text editors. This is useful for writing short personal topic maps or exchanging partial topic maps by email. The format can be converted to XTM.
3524:
1648:
596:
There is another format called AsTMa which serves a similar purpose. When writing topic maps manually it is much more compact, but of course can be converted to XTM. Alternatively, it can be used directly with the
588:
The above standards are all recently proposed or defined as part of ISO/IEC 13250. As described below, there are also other, serialization formats such as LTM, AsTMa= that have not been put forward as standards.
442:
Topics, associations, and occurrences can all be typed, where the types must be defined by the one or more creators of the topic map(s). The definitions of allowed types is known as the
368:
structures so that multiple indexes from different sources could be merged. However, the developers quickly realized that with a little additional generalization, they could create a
660:
It can also be desirable to define a set of constraints that can be used to guarantee or check the semantic validity of topic maps data for a particular domain. (Somewhat like
3036:
1518:
458:) are used to control merging between differing taxonomies. Scoping on names provides a way to organise the various names given to a particular topic by different sources.
621:
standard called Common Topic Maps
Application Programming Interface (TMAPI) was published in April 2004 and is supported by many Topic Maps implementations or vendors:
3031:
1513:
740:(providing a template of topics, associations and occurrences, while RDF only provides a template of two arguments linked by one relationship) and (hence) (ii) allow
1015:
828:
2536:
1914:
718:
373:
4805:
4734:
2758:
279:
3833:
3753:
3544:
3539:
3385:
1872:
942:
377:
3551:
87:
1905:
4440:
4374:
4234:
4084:
1322:
4513:
2446:
4739:
4384:
4153:
3954:
3477:
2860:
2451:
2421:
1623:
3798:
3128:
2925:
1008:
729:
2249:
335:
57:
3325:
2349:
958:
938:
924:
618:
4810:
3889:
3061:
2905:
4647:
508:
In 2000, Topic Maps was defined in an XML syntax XTM. This is now commonly known as "XTM 1.0" and is still in fairly common use.
4527:
3984:
3979:
3686:
1768:
1001:
979:
733:
702:
178:
92:
269:
3778:
3108:
3041:
2621:
2269:
1528:
1058:
516:
Note that XTM 1.0 predates and therefore is not compatible with the more recent versions of the (ISO/IEC 13250) standard.
4591:
4465:
4277:
394:, representing any concept, from people, countries, and organizations to software modules, individual files, and events,
4830:
4582:
4519:
4272:
4123:
3601:
1898:
451:
443:
294:
4642:
4227:
3783:
3691:
3641:
3400:
2733:
2728:
1443:
1438:
1140:
1068:
802:
4049:
3994:
3773:
3758:
3738:
3016:
2436:
1932:
780:
769:
52:
511:
The ISO standards committee published an updated XML syntax in 2006, XTM 2.0 which is increasingly in use today.
4420:
4097:
4004:
3793:
3768:
2980:
2975:
1793:
353:
4637:
4400:
3651:
3193:
3183:
3178:
2753:
2738:
2678:
2112:
2107:
2067:
1433:
77:
4820:
4815:
4201:
3969:
3959:
3088:
2506:
2087:
1891:
365:
328:
264:
4627:
4220:
3390:
3253:
2900:
2274:
2122:
2092:
1985:
1975:
1936:
1928:
1573:
1463:
1024:
706:
681:
188:
62:
604:
The data formats of XTM and LTM are similar to the W3C standards for RDF/XML or the older N3 notation.
4435:
4430:
4148:
4054:
3788:
3763:
3606:
3447:
2885:
2688:
2561:
2344:
1841:
1808:
1673:
1242:
661:
203:
198:
4359:
3989:
3728:
1773:
865:
737:
467:
97:
4455:
4344:
4334:
3934:
3869:
2209:
1748:
1728:
357:
208:
72:
4825:
4698:
4485:
4405:
4364:
4354:
4318:
2763:
954:
934:
920:
822:
321:
243:
364:
of information. Topic maps were originally developed in the late 1990s as a way to represent
4678:
4282:
3497:
3238:
2566:
1398:
274:
259:
218:
148:
102:
4554:
4533:
4480:
4450:
4369:
4349:
4339:
4107:
3828:
3733:
3487:
3415:
3410:
3405:
2890:
2853:
2848:
2843:
2838:
2833:
2828:
2823:
1628:
764:
168:
138:
107:
891:
644:
this in mind, work has gone into defining a standardized syntax for querying topic maps:
4287:
3395:
3143:
2955:
2818:
2808:
2803:
2798:
2793:
2788:
2783:
2778:
2773:
2142:
2132:
983:
466:
The work standardizing topic maps (ISO/IEC 13250) took place under the umbrella of the
309:
238:
4799:
4606:
4561:
4379:
4183:
4158:
4143:
4079:
4074:
4069:
4064:
4059:
3904:
3849:
3818:
3808:
3671:
3661:
3631:
3626:
3576:
3556:
3534:
3519:
3472:
3437:
3380:
3375:
3365:
3243:
3188:
3163:
3158:
3138:
3011:
2551:
2127:
1990:
1960:
1851:
1846:
1836:
1831:
1826:
1818:
1813:
1803:
1788:
1783:
1738:
1723:
1718:
1713:
1703:
1693:
1683:
1678:
1658:
1653:
1643:
1618:
1608:
1598:
1563:
1558:
1548:
1543:
1533:
1508:
1503:
430:
in many respects, though only topic maps are ISO standards. Topic maps are a form of
163:
153:
133:
21:
4668:
4622:
4243:
4044:
4014:
3874:
3218:
3213:
3076:
3071:
3066:
2985:
2930:
2880:
2813:
2768:
2743:
2673:
2668:
2663:
2658:
2653:
2611:
2576:
2486:
2481:
2309:
2117:
1883:
1798:
1778:
1498:
1473:
1458:
1453:
1448:
1428:
1423:
1418:
1413:
1408:
1403:
1393:
1388:
1383:
1083:
714:
431:
369:
299:
123:
82:
4719:
4683:
4445:
4313:
4019:
3716:
3711:
3706:
3290:
3207:
2179:
1373:
1165:
1135:
1128:
1123:
423:
361:
304:
213:
143:
67:
4729:
4632:
4415:
4410:
4303:
4009:
3914:
3621:
3596:
3360:
3315:
3051:
2708:
2521:
2414:
2409:
2404:
2364:
2339:
2214:
1970:
1743:
1668:
1583:
1523:
748:
736:, but the major differences are that Topic Maps (i) provide a higher level of
677:
401:
183:
158:
128:
486:
4760:
4575:
4568:
4308:
4262:
4178:
4173:
4168:
4163:
4138:
4128:
4089:
4039:
4034:
4029:
4024:
3929:
3924:
3919:
3909:
3899:
3884:
3864:
3859:
3854:
3803:
3748:
3743:
3723:
3701:
3681:
3636:
3616:
3571:
3566:
3561:
3529:
3492:
3482:
3467:
3462:
3457:
3442:
3427:
3422:
3350:
3345:
3340:
3320:
3310:
3305:
3300:
3285:
3228:
3223:
3203:
3173:
3148:
3133:
3103:
3056:
3046:
3026:
3021:
3006:
3001:
2915:
2636:
2631:
2526:
2172:
2167:
2162:
2157:
2152:
2060:
2055:
2050:
2045:
1856:
1633:
1357:
1352:
1347:
1342:
1337:
1327:
1317:
1312:
1302:
1297:
1292:
1287:
1277:
1272:
1267:
1252:
1247:
1237:
1232:
1227:
1217:
1212:
1207:
1202:
1197:
1192:
1187:
1182:
1160:
1155:
1145:
1118:
1113:
1103:
1098:
1093:
1088:
1078:
1073:
1063:
1048:
1043:
1038:
701:
Some work has been undertaken to provide interoperability between the W3C's
223:
173:
4770:
4460:
4267:
4257:
3813:
3591:
3295:
3123:
2960:
2950:
2935:
2910:
2895:
2870:
2865:
2748:
2723:
2718:
2703:
2698:
2693:
2683:
2648:
2643:
2626:
2606:
2601:
2596:
2591:
2586:
2581:
2571:
2556:
2546:
2541:
2531:
2516:
2511:
2501:
2496:
2491:
2476:
2471:
2466:
2461:
2456:
2441:
2426:
2399:
2394:
2389:
2384:
2379:
2374:
2369:
2359:
2354:
2334:
2329:
2319:
2314:
2304:
2299:
2289:
2284:
2279:
2254:
2244:
2137:
2040:
2035:
2030:
2025:
2020:
2015:
2010:
2005:
2000:
1708:
1282:
1262:
1222:
1177:
1108:
1053:
427:
289:
228:
193:
4780:
4775:
4547:
4540:
4475:
4102:
3894:
3879:
3676:
3666:
3656:
3432:
3248:
3198:
3093:
3081:
2239:
2234:
2229:
2224:
2219:
2204:
2199:
2194:
2189:
2184:
2147:
2102:
2097:
2082:
2077:
2072:
1733:
1698:
1688:
1257:
1170:
806:
774:
474:
The topic maps (ISO/IEC 13250) reference model and data model standards
4693:
4596:
3964:
3949:
3944:
3939:
3611:
3586:
3514:
3370:
3355:
3335:
3330:
3275:
3268:
3263:
3258:
3153:
3118:
2965:
2616:
2431:
1995:
1763:
1758:
1753:
1663:
1603:
1593:
1588:
1578:
1538:
1488:
710:
669:
648:
529:
480:
3452:
1613:
569:
551:
4765:
4755:
4673:
4652:
4425:
3999:
3974:
3696:
3581:
3233:
3098:
2970:
2945:
2940:
2920:
2294:
2264:
2259:
1980:
1965:
1955:
1950:
1493:
1483:
1478:
1468:
1378:
1307:
752:
741:
20:
476:
are defined independent of any specific serialization or syntax.
4724:
4714:
4688:
4508:
3646:
3509:
3502:
3168:
3113:
2713:
2324:
1638:
1553:
1150:
993:
598:
284:
4216:
4212:
1887:
997:
988:
4601:
4133:
3823:
2875:
1332:
525:
Other proposed or standardized serialization formats include:
414:, representing information resources relevant to a particular
974:
866:"JTC 1/SC 34 – Document description and processing languages"
803:"JTC 1/SC 34 – Document Description and Processing Languages"
777: – a commercial proprietary topic maps editor
631:
917:
Charting the Topic Maps
Research and Applications Landscape
842:
931:
XML Topic Maps: Creating and Using Topic Maps for the Web
725:
standards though the two have slightly different goals.
625:
751:) between any number of nodes, while RDF is limited to
732:
of Topic Maps is, in many ways, equivalent to that of
634:– Topic Maps Application Programming Interface (v2.0)
628:– Common Topic Maps Application Programming Interface
4748:
4707:
4661:
4615:
4501:
4494:
4393:
4327:
4296:
4250:
4116:
3842:
2994:
1943:
1865:
1366:
1031:
4228:
1899:
1009:
329:
8:
843:"Home of SC34/WG3 – Information Association"
372:with potentially far wider application. The
827:: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (
548:aps format (canonicalization of topic maps)
4498:
4235:
4221:
4213:
1906:
1892:
1884:
1016:
1002:
994:
336:
322:
280:List of concept- and mind-mapping software
27:
1873:International Electrotechnical Commission
885:
883:
387:A topic map represents information using
793:
251:
115:
44:
39:
4441:Knowledge representation and reasoning
4375:Semantic service-oriented architecture
820:
450:Features such as subject identifiers (
360:of knowledge, with an emphasis on the
601:Module TM (which also supports LTM).
7:
951:Explorer's Guide to the Semantic Web
975:Information portal about Topic Maps
4806:Knowledge representation languages
4502:Syntax and supporting technologies
14:
4197:
4196:
892:"Living With Topic Maps and RDF"
676:TMCL is functionally similar to
672:– Topic Maps Constraint Language
31:
566:aps Notation (not based on XML)
380:standard is formally known as
93:Ontology (information science)
1:
4616:Schemas, ontologies and rules
980:An Introduction to Topic Maps
16:Knowledge organization system
915:Lutz Maicher and Jack Park:
890:Lars Marius Garshol (2003).
483:Topic Maps – Reference Model
456:published subject indicators
929:Jack Park and Sam Hunting:
651:– Topic Maps Query Language
454:given to topics) and PSIs (
434:technology similar to RDF.
295:Problem structuring methods
4847:
4643:Semantic Web Rule Language
949:Passin, Thomas B. (2004).
422:Topic maps are similar to
4192:
1925:
781:Unified Modeling Language
770:Semantic interoperability
503:XML serialization formats
270:Entity–relationship model
53:Business decision mapping
4749:Microformat vocabularies
4421:Information architecture
953:. Manning Publications.
4811:Technical communication
4638:Rule Interchange Format
4401:Collective intelligence
489:Topic Maps – Data Model
78:Knowledge visualization
404:relationships between
366:back-of-the-book index
352:is a standard for the
265:Diagrammatic reasoning
88:Morphological analysis
25:
682:Web Ontology Language
290:Ontology (philosophy)
189:Layered graph drawing
63:Graphic communication
24:
4436:Knowledge management
4431:Knowledge extraction
864:ISO (5 March 2008).
738:semantic abstraction
662:database constraints
656:Constraint standards
438:Ontology and merging
204:Organizational chart
199:Object-role modeling
116:Node–link approaches
4708:Common vocabularies
4662:Semantic annotation
4360:Semantic publishing
468:ISO/IEC JTC 1/SC 34
98:Schema (psychology)
40:Information mapping
4831:Semantic relations
4456:Digital humanities
4345:Semantic computing
4335:Semantic analytics
4319:Rule-based systems
1919:by standard number
933:, Addison-Wesley,
717:standards and the
446:of the topic map.
382:ISO/IEC 13250:2003
209:Pathfinder network
73:Information design
58:Data visualization
26:
4793:
4792:
4789:
4788:
4699:Facebook Platform
4586:
4585:(no W3C standard)
4578:
4571:
4564:
4557:
4550:
4543:
4536:
4522:
4486:Web Science Trust
4406:Description logic
4365:Semantic reasoner
4355:Semantic matching
4283:Semantic networks
4210:
4209:
1933:ISO romanizations
1881:
1880:
688:Earlier standards
608:Related standards
346:
345:
45:Topics and fields
4838:
4581:
4574:
4567:
4560:
4553:
4546:
4539:
4532:
4518:
4499:
4237:
4230:
4223:
4214:
4200:
4199:
1920:
1908:
1901:
1894:
1885:
1018:
1011:
1004:
995:
964:
932:
918:
903:
902:
900:
898:
887:
878:
877:
875:
873:
861:
855:
854:
852:
850:
839:
833:
832:
826:
818:
816:
814:
805:. Archived from
798:
730:expressive power
697:RDF relationship
462:Current standard
338:
331:
324:
275:Geovisualization
260:Design rationale
219:Semantic network
149:Conceptual graph
103:Visual analytics
35:
28:
4846:
4845:
4841:
4840:
4839:
4837:
4836:
4835:
4796:
4795:
4794:
4785:
4744:
4703:
4657:
4611:
4490:
4481:Web engineering
4451:Digital library
4389:
4370:Semantic search
4350:Semantic mapper
4340:Semantic broker
4323:
4292:
4246:
4241:
4211:
4206:
4188:
4112:
3838:
2990:
1939:
1921:
1918:
1912:
1882:
1877:
1861:
1362:
1027:
1022:
971:
961:
948:
930:
916:
912:
910:Further reading
907:
906:
896:
894:
889:
888:
881:
871:
869:
863:
862:
858:
848:
846:
841:
840:
836:
819:
812:
810:
801:ISO JTC1/SC34.
800:
799:
795:
790:
765:Knowledge graph
761:
747:relationships (
699:
690:
670:ISO 19756: TMCL
658:
649:ISO 18048: TMQL
641:
615:
610:
523:
505:
496:
464:
440:
400:, representing
342:
169:Hyperbolic tree
139:Concept lattice
108:Visual language
17:
12:
11:
5:
4844:
4842:
4834:
4833:
4828:
4823:
4818:
4813:
4808:
4798:
4797:
4791:
4790:
4787:
4786:
4784:
4783:
4778:
4773:
4768:
4763:
4758:
4752:
4750:
4746:
4745:
4743:
4742:
4737:
4732:
4727:
4722:
4717:
4711:
4709:
4705:
4704:
4702:
4701:
4696:
4691:
4686:
4681:
4676:
4671:
4665:
4663:
4659:
4658:
4656:
4655:
4650:
4645:
4640:
4635:
4630:
4625:
4619:
4617:
4613:
4612:
4610:
4609:
4604:
4599:
4594:
4589:
4588:
4587:
4579:
4572:
4565:
4558:
4551:
4544:
4537:
4525:
4524:
4523:
4511:
4505:
4503:
4496:
4492:
4491:
4489:
4488:
4483:
4478:
4473:
4468:
4463:
4458:
4453:
4448:
4443:
4438:
4433:
4428:
4423:
4418:
4413:
4408:
4403:
4397:
4395:
4394:Related topics
4391:
4390:
4388:
4387:
4382:
4377:
4372:
4367:
4362:
4357:
4352:
4347:
4342:
4337:
4331:
4329:
4325:
4324:
4322:
4321:
4316:
4311:
4306:
4300:
4298:
4294:
4293:
4291:
4290:
4288:World Wide Web
4285:
4280:
4275:
4270:
4265:
4260:
4254:
4252:
4248:
4247:
4242:
4240:
4239:
4232:
4225:
4217:
4208:
4207:
4205:
4204:
4193:
4190:
4189:
4187:
4186:
4181:
4176:
4171:
4166:
4161:
4156:
4151:
4146:
4141:
4136:
4131:
4126:
4120:
4118:
4114:
4113:
4111:
4110:
4105:
4100:
4095:
4092:
4087:
4082:
4077:
4072:
4067:
4062:
4057:
4052:
4047:
4042:
4037:
4032:
4027:
4022:
4017:
4012:
4007:
4002:
3997:
3992:
3987:
3982:
3977:
3972:
3967:
3962:
3957:
3952:
3947:
3942:
3937:
3932:
3927:
3922:
3917:
3912:
3907:
3902:
3897:
3892:
3887:
3882:
3877:
3872:
3867:
3862:
3857:
3852:
3846:
3844:
3840:
3839:
3837:
3836:
3831:
3826:
3821:
3816:
3811:
3806:
3801:
3796:
3791:
3786:
3781:
3776:
3771:
3766:
3761:
3756:
3751:
3746:
3741:
3736:
3731:
3726:
3721:
3720:
3719:
3714:
3704:
3699:
3694:
3689:
3684:
3679:
3674:
3669:
3664:
3659:
3654:
3649:
3644:
3639:
3634:
3629:
3624:
3619:
3614:
3609:
3604:
3599:
3594:
3589:
3584:
3579:
3574:
3569:
3564:
3559:
3554:
3549:
3548:
3547:
3537:
3532:
3527:
3522:
3517:
3512:
3507:
3506:
3505:
3500:
3490:
3485:
3480:
3475:
3470:
3465:
3460:
3455:
3450:
3445:
3440:
3435:
3430:
3425:
3420:
3419:
3418:
3413:
3408:
3403:
3398:
3393:
3388:
3383:
3378:
3368:
3363:
3358:
3353:
3348:
3343:
3338:
3333:
3328:
3323:
3318:
3313:
3308:
3303:
3298:
3293:
3288:
3283:
3278:
3273:
3272:
3271:
3266:
3256:
3251:
3246:
3241:
3236:
3231:
3226:
3221:
3216:
3211:
3201:
3196:
3191:
3186:
3181:
3176:
3171:
3166:
3161:
3156:
3151:
3146:
3141:
3136:
3131:
3126:
3121:
3116:
3111:
3106:
3101:
3096:
3091:
3086:
3085:
3084:
3079:
3074:
3069:
3064:
3054:
3049:
3044:
3039:
3034:
3029:
3024:
3019:
3014:
3009:
3004:
2998:
2996:
2992:
2991:
2989:
2988:
2983:
2978:
2973:
2968:
2963:
2958:
2953:
2948:
2943:
2938:
2933:
2928:
2923:
2918:
2913:
2908:
2903:
2898:
2893:
2888:
2883:
2878:
2873:
2868:
2863:
2858:
2857:
2856:
2851:
2846:
2841:
2836:
2831:
2826:
2821:
2816:
2811:
2806:
2801:
2796:
2791:
2786:
2781:
2776:
2766:
2761:
2756:
2751:
2746:
2741:
2736:
2731:
2726:
2721:
2716:
2711:
2706:
2701:
2696:
2691:
2686:
2681:
2676:
2671:
2666:
2661:
2656:
2651:
2646:
2641:
2640:
2639:
2629:
2624:
2619:
2614:
2609:
2604:
2599:
2594:
2589:
2584:
2579:
2574:
2569:
2564:
2559:
2554:
2549:
2544:
2539:
2534:
2529:
2524:
2519:
2514:
2509:
2504:
2499:
2494:
2489:
2484:
2479:
2474:
2469:
2464:
2459:
2454:
2449:
2444:
2439:
2434:
2429:
2424:
2419:
2418:
2417:
2412:
2407:
2397:
2392:
2387:
2382:
2377:
2372:
2367:
2362:
2357:
2352:
2347:
2342:
2337:
2332:
2327:
2322:
2317:
2312:
2307:
2302:
2297:
2292:
2287:
2282:
2277:
2272:
2267:
2262:
2257:
2252:
2247:
2242:
2237:
2232:
2227:
2222:
2217:
2212:
2207:
2202:
2197:
2192:
2187:
2182:
2177:
2176:
2175:
2170:
2165:
2160:
2155:
2145:
2140:
2135:
2130:
2125:
2120:
2115:
2110:
2105:
2100:
2095:
2090:
2085:
2080:
2075:
2070:
2065:
2064:
2063:
2058:
2053:
2048:
2043:
2038:
2033:
2028:
2023:
2018:
2013:
2008:
2003:
1993:
1988:
1983:
1978:
1973:
1968:
1963:
1958:
1953:
1947:
1945:
1941:
1940:
1926:
1923:
1922:
1913:
1911:
1910:
1903:
1896:
1888:
1879:
1878:
1876:
1875:
1869:
1867:
1863:
1862:
1860:
1859:
1854:
1849:
1844:
1839:
1834:
1829:
1824:
1821:
1816:
1811:
1806:
1801:
1796:
1791:
1786:
1781:
1776:
1771:
1766:
1761:
1756:
1751:
1746:
1741:
1736:
1731:
1726:
1721:
1716:
1711:
1706:
1701:
1696:
1691:
1686:
1681:
1676:
1671:
1666:
1661:
1656:
1651:
1646:
1641:
1636:
1631:
1626:
1621:
1616:
1611:
1606:
1601:
1596:
1591:
1586:
1581:
1576:
1571:
1566:
1561:
1556:
1551:
1546:
1541:
1536:
1531:
1526:
1521:
1516:
1511:
1506:
1501:
1496:
1491:
1486:
1481:
1476:
1471:
1466:
1461:
1456:
1451:
1446:
1441:
1436:
1431:
1426:
1421:
1416:
1411:
1406:
1401:
1396:
1391:
1386:
1381:
1376:
1370:
1368:
1364:
1363:
1361:
1360:
1355:
1350:
1345:
1340:
1335:
1330:
1325:
1320:
1315:
1310:
1305:
1300:
1295:
1290:
1285:
1280:
1275:
1270:
1265:
1260:
1255:
1250:
1245:
1240:
1235:
1230:
1225:
1220:
1215:
1210:
1205:
1200:
1195:
1190:
1185:
1180:
1175:
1174:
1173:
1168:
1158:
1153:
1148:
1143:
1138:
1133:
1132:
1131:
1126:
1116:
1111:
1106:
1101:
1096:
1091:
1086:
1081:
1076:
1071:
1066:
1061:
1056:
1051:
1046:
1041:
1035:
1033:
1029:
1028:
1023:
1021:
1020:
1013:
1006:
998:
992:
991:
989:Topic Maps Lab
986:
984:Microsoft Docs
977:
970:
969:External links
967:
966:
965:
959:
946:
927:
911:
908:
905:
904:
879:
856:
834:
792:
791:
789:
786:
785:
784:
778:
772:
767:
760:
757:
698:
695:
689:
686:
674:
673:
657:
654:
653:
652:
640:
639:Query standard
637:
636:
635:
629:
614:
613:Topic Maps API
611:
609:
606:
586:
585:
567:
549:
522:
519:
513:
512:
509:
504:
501:
495:
492:
491:
490:
484:
463:
460:
439:
436:
420:
419:
409:
395:
354:representation
344:
343:
341:
340:
333:
326:
318:
315:
314:
313:
312:
310:Wicked problem
307:
302:
297:
292:
287:
282:
277:
272:
267:
262:
254:
253:
249:
248:
247:
246:
241:
239:Tree structure
236:
231:
226:
221:
216:
211:
206:
201:
196:
191:
186:
181:
176:
171:
166:
161:
156:
151:
146:
141:
136:
131:
126:
118:
117:
113:
112:
111:
110:
105:
100:
95:
90:
85:
80:
75:
70:
65:
60:
55:
47:
46:
42:
41:
37:
36:
15:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
4843:
4832:
4829:
4827:
4824:
4822:
4821:IEC standards
4819:
4817:
4816:ISO standards
4814:
4812:
4809:
4807:
4804:
4803:
4801:
4782:
4779:
4777:
4774:
4772:
4769:
4767:
4764:
4762:
4759:
4757:
4754:
4753:
4751:
4747:
4741:
4738:
4736:
4733:
4731:
4728:
4726:
4723:
4721:
4718:
4716:
4713:
4712:
4710:
4706:
4700:
4697:
4695:
4692:
4690:
4687:
4685:
4682:
4680:
4677:
4675:
4672:
4670:
4667:
4666:
4664:
4660:
4654:
4651:
4649:
4646:
4644:
4641:
4639:
4636:
4634:
4631:
4629:
4626:
4624:
4621:
4620:
4618:
4614:
4608:
4607:Semantic HTML
4605:
4603:
4600:
4598:
4595:
4593:
4590:
4584:
4580:
4577:
4573:
4570:
4566:
4563:
4559:
4556:
4552:
4549:
4545:
4542:
4538:
4535:
4531:
4530:
4529:
4526:
4521:
4517:
4516:
4515:
4512:
4510:
4507:
4506:
4504:
4500:
4497:
4493:
4487:
4484:
4482:
4479:
4477:
4474:
4472:
4469:
4467:
4464:
4462:
4459:
4457:
4454:
4452:
4449:
4447:
4444:
4442:
4439:
4437:
4434:
4432:
4429:
4427:
4424:
4422:
4419:
4417:
4414:
4412:
4409:
4407:
4404:
4402:
4399:
4398:
4396:
4392:
4386:
4383:
4381:
4380:Semantic wiki
4378:
4376:
4373:
4371:
4368:
4366:
4363:
4361:
4358:
4356:
4353:
4351:
4348:
4346:
4343:
4341:
4338:
4336:
4333:
4332:
4330:
4326:
4320:
4317:
4315:
4312:
4310:
4307:
4305:
4302:
4301:
4299:
4295:
4289:
4286:
4284:
4281:
4279:
4276:
4274:
4271:
4269:
4266:
4264:
4261:
4259:
4256:
4255:
4253:
4249:
4245:
4238:
4233:
4231:
4226:
4224:
4219:
4218:
4215:
4203:
4195:
4194:
4191:
4185:
4182:
4180:
4177:
4175:
4172:
4170:
4167:
4165:
4162:
4160:
4157:
4155:
4152:
4150:
4147:
4145:
4142:
4140:
4137:
4135:
4132:
4130:
4127:
4125:
4122:
4121:
4119:
4115:
4109:
4106:
4104:
4101:
4099:
4096:
4093:
4091:
4088:
4086:
4083:
4081:
4078:
4076:
4073:
4071:
4068:
4066:
4063:
4061:
4058:
4056:
4053:
4051:
4048:
4046:
4043:
4041:
4038:
4036:
4033:
4031:
4028:
4026:
4023:
4021:
4018:
4016:
4013:
4011:
4008:
4006:
4003:
4001:
3998:
3996:
3993:
3991:
3988:
3986:
3983:
3981:
3978:
3976:
3973:
3971:
3968:
3966:
3963:
3961:
3958:
3956:
3953:
3951:
3948:
3946:
3943:
3941:
3938:
3936:
3933:
3931:
3928:
3926:
3923:
3921:
3918:
3916:
3913:
3911:
3908:
3906:
3903:
3901:
3898:
3896:
3893:
3891:
3888:
3886:
3883:
3881:
3878:
3876:
3873:
3871:
3868:
3866:
3863:
3861:
3858:
3856:
3853:
3851:
3848:
3847:
3845:
3841:
3835:
3832:
3830:
3827:
3825:
3822:
3820:
3817:
3815:
3812:
3810:
3807:
3805:
3802:
3800:
3797:
3795:
3792:
3790:
3787:
3785:
3782:
3780:
3777:
3775:
3772:
3770:
3767:
3765:
3762:
3760:
3757:
3755:
3752:
3750:
3747:
3745:
3742:
3740:
3737:
3735:
3732:
3730:
3727:
3725:
3722:
3718:
3715:
3713:
3710:
3709:
3708:
3705:
3703:
3700:
3698:
3695:
3693:
3690:
3688:
3685:
3683:
3680:
3678:
3675:
3673:
3670:
3668:
3665:
3663:
3660:
3658:
3655:
3653:
3650:
3648:
3645:
3643:
3640:
3638:
3635:
3633:
3630:
3628:
3625:
3623:
3620:
3618:
3615:
3613:
3610:
3608:
3605:
3603:
3600:
3598:
3595:
3593:
3590:
3588:
3585:
3583:
3580:
3578:
3575:
3573:
3570:
3568:
3565:
3563:
3560:
3558:
3555:
3553:
3550:
3546:
3543:
3542:
3541:
3538:
3536:
3533:
3531:
3528:
3526:
3523:
3521:
3518:
3516:
3513:
3511:
3508:
3504:
3501:
3499:
3496:
3495:
3494:
3491:
3489:
3486:
3484:
3481:
3479:
3476:
3474:
3471:
3469:
3466:
3464:
3461:
3459:
3456:
3454:
3451:
3449:
3446:
3444:
3441:
3439:
3436:
3434:
3431:
3429:
3426:
3424:
3421:
3417:
3414:
3412:
3409:
3407:
3404:
3402:
3399:
3397:
3394:
3392:
3389:
3387:
3384:
3382:
3379:
3377:
3374:
3373:
3372:
3369:
3367:
3364:
3362:
3359:
3357:
3354:
3352:
3349:
3347:
3344:
3342:
3339:
3337:
3334:
3332:
3329:
3327:
3324:
3322:
3319:
3317:
3314:
3312:
3309:
3307:
3304:
3302:
3299:
3297:
3294:
3292:
3289:
3287:
3284:
3282:
3279:
3277:
3274:
3270:
3267:
3265:
3262:
3261:
3260:
3257:
3255:
3252:
3250:
3247:
3245:
3242:
3240:
3237:
3235:
3232:
3230:
3227:
3225:
3222:
3220:
3217:
3215:
3212:
3209:
3205:
3202:
3200:
3197:
3195:
3192:
3190:
3187:
3185:
3182:
3180:
3177:
3175:
3172:
3170:
3167:
3165:
3162:
3160:
3157:
3155:
3152:
3150:
3147:
3145:
3142:
3140:
3137:
3135:
3132:
3130:
3127:
3125:
3122:
3120:
3117:
3115:
3112:
3110:
3107:
3105:
3102:
3100:
3097:
3095:
3092:
3090:
3087:
3083:
3080:
3078:
3075:
3073:
3070:
3068:
3065:
3063:
3060:
3059:
3058:
3055:
3053:
3050:
3048:
3045:
3043:
3040:
3038:
3035:
3033:
3030:
3028:
3025:
3023:
3020:
3018:
3015:
3013:
3010:
3008:
3005:
3003:
3000:
2999:
2997:
2993:
2987:
2984:
2982:
2979:
2977:
2974:
2972:
2969:
2967:
2964:
2962:
2959:
2957:
2954:
2952:
2949:
2947:
2944:
2942:
2939:
2937:
2934:
2932:
2929:
2927:
2924:
2922:
2919:
2917:
2914:
2912:
2909:
2907:
2904:
2902:
2899:
2897:
2894:
2892:
2889:
2887:
2884:
2882:
2879:
2877:
2874:
2872:
2869:
2867:
2864:
2862:
2859:
2855:
2852:
2850:
2847:
2845:
2842:
2840:
2837:
2835:
2832:
2830:
2827:
2825:
2822:
2820:
2817:
2815:
2812:
2810:
2807:
2805:
2802:
2800:
2797:
2795:
2792:
2790:
2787:
2785:
2782:
2780:
2777:
2775:
2772:
2771:
2770:
2767:
2765:
2762:
2760:
2757:
2755:
2752:
2750:
2747:
2745:
2742:
2740:
2737:
2735:
2732:
2730:
2727:
2725:
2722:
2720:
2717:
2715:
2712:
2710:
2707:
2705:
2702:
2700:
2697:
2695:
2692:
2690:
2687:
2685:
2682:
2680:
2677:
2675:
2672:
2670:
2667:
2665:
2662:
2660:
2657:
2655:
2652:
2650:
2647:
2645:
2642:
2638:
2635:
2634:
2633:
2630:
2628:
2625:
2623:
2620:
2618:
2615:
2613:
2610:
2608:
2605:
2603:
2600:
2598:
2595:
2593:
2590:
2588:
2585:
2583:
2580:
2578:
2575:
2573:
2570:
2568:
2565:
2563:
2560:
2558:
2555:
2553:
2550:
2548:
2545:
2543:
2540:
2538:
2535:
2533:
2530:
2528:
2525:
2523:
2520:
2518:
2515:
2513:
2510:
2508:
2505:
2503:
2500:
2498:
2495:
2493:
2490:
2488:
2485:
2483:
2480:
2478:
2475:
2473:
2470:
2468:
2465:
2463:
2460:
2458:
2455:
2453:
2450:
2448:
2445:
2443:
2440:
2438:
2435:
2433:
2430:
2428:
2425:
2423:
2420:
2416:
2413:
2411:
2408:
2406:
2403:
2402:
2401:
2398:
2396:
2393:
2391:
2388:
2386:
2383:
2381:
2378:
2376:
2373:
2371:
2368:
2366:
2363:
2361:
2358:
2356:
2353:
2351:
2348:
2346:
2343:
2341:
2338:
2336:
2333:
2331:
2328:
2326:
2323:
2321:
2318:
2316:
2313:
2311:
2308:
2306:
2303:
2301:
2298:
2296:
2293:
2291:
2288:
2286:
2283:
2281:
2278:
2276:
2273:
2271:
2268:
2266:
2263:
2261:
2258:
2256:
2253:
2251:
2248:
2246:
2243:
2241:
2238:
2236:
2233:
2231:
2228:
2226:
2223:
2221:
2218:
2216:
2213:
2211:
2208:
2206:
2203:
2201:
2198:
2196:
2193:
2191:
2188:
2186:
2183:
2181:
2178:
2174:
2171:
2169:
2166:
2164:
2161:
2159:
2156:
2154:
2151:
2150:
2149:
2146:
2144:
2141:
2139:
2136:
2134:
2131:
2129:
2126:
2124:
2121:
2119:
2116:
2114:
2111:
2109:
2106:
2104:
2101:
2099:
2096:
2094:
2091:
2089:
2086:
2084:
2081:
2079:
2076:
2074:
2071:
2069:
2066:
2062:
2059:
2057:
2054:
2052:
2049:
2047:
2044:
2042:
2039:
2037:
2034:
2032:
2029:
2027:
2024:
2022:
2019:
2017:
2014:
2012:
2009:
2007:
2004:
2002:
1999:
1998:
1997:
1994:
1992:
1989:
1987:
1984:
1982:
1979:
1977:
1974:
1972:
1969:
1967:
1964:
1962:
1959:
1957:
1954:
1952:
1949:
1948:
1946:
1942:
1938:
1937:IEC standards
1934:
1930:
1929:ISO standards
1924:
1916:
1909:
1904:
1902:
1897:
1895:
1890:
1889:
1886:
1874:
1871:
1870:
1868:
1864:
1858:
1855:
1853:
1850:
1848:
1845:
1843:
1840:
1838:
1835:
1833:
1830:
1828:
1825:
1822:
1820:
1817:
1815:
1812:
1810:
1807:
1805:
1802:
1800:
1797:
1795:
1792:
1790:
1787:
1785:
1782:
1780:
1777:
1775:
1772:
1770:
1767:
1765:
1762:
1760:
1757:
1755:
1752:
1750:
1747:
1745:
1742:
1740:
1737:
1735:
1732:
1730:
1727:
1725:
1722:
1720:
1717:
1715:
1712:
1710:
1707:
1705:
1702:
1700:
1697:
1695:
1692:
1690:
1687:
1685:
1682:
1680:
1677:
1675:
1672:
1670:
1667:
1665:
1662:
1660:
1657:
1655:
1652:
1650:
1647:
1645:
1642:
1640:
1637:
1635:
1632:
1630:
1627:
1625:
1622:
1620:
1617:
1615:
1612:
1610:
1607:
1605:
1602:
1600:
1597:
1595:
1592:
1590:
1587:
1585:
1582:
1580:
1577:
1575:
1572:
1570:
1567:
1565:
1562:
1560:
1557:
1555:
1552:
1550:
1547:
1545:
1542:
1540:
1537:
1535:
1532:
1530:
1527:
1525:
1522:
1520:
1517:
1515:
1512:
1510:
1507:
1505:
1502:
1500:
1497:
1495:
1492:
1490:
1487:
1485:
1482:
1480:
1477:
1475:
1472:
1470:
1467:
1465:
1462:
1460:
1457:
1455:
1452:
1450:
1447:
1445:
1442:
1440:
1437:
1435:
1432:
1430:
1427:
1425:
1422:
1420:
1417:
1415:
1412:
1410:
1407:
1405:
1402:
1400:
1397:
1395:
1392:
1390:
1387:
1385:
1382:
1380:
1377:
1375:
1372:
1371:
1369:
1365:
1359:
1356:
1354:
1351:
1349:
1346:
1344:
1341:
1339:
1336:
1334:
1331:
1329:
1326:
1324:
1321:
1319:
1316:
1314:
1311:
1309:
1306:
1304:
1301:
1299:
1296:
1294:
1291:
1289:
1286:
1284:
1281:
1279:
1276:
1274:
1271:
1269:
1266:
1264:
1261:
1259:
1256:
1254:
1251:
1249:
1246:
1244:
1241:
1239:
1236:
1234:
1231:
1229:
1226:
1224:
1221:
1219:
1216:
1214:
1211:
1209:
1206:
1204:
1201:
1199:
1196:
1194:
1191:
1189:
1186:
1184:
1181:
1179:
1176:
1172:
1169:
1167:
1164:
1163:
1162:
1159:
1157:
1154:
1152:
1149:
1147:
1144:
1142:
1139:
1137:
1134:
1130:
1127:
1125:
1122:
1121:
1120:
1117:
1115:
1112:
1110:
1107:
1105:
1102:
1100:
1097:
1095:
1092:
1090:
1087:
1085:
1082:
1080:
1077:
1075:
1072:
1070:
1067:
1065:
1062:
1060:
1057:
1055:
1052:
1050:
1047:
1045:
1042:
1040:
1037:
1036:
1034:
1030:
1026:
1025:IEC standards
1019:
1014:
1012:
1007:
1005:
1000:
999:
996:
990:
987:
985:
981:
978:
976:
973:
972:
968:
962:
960:1-932394-20-6
956:
952:
947:
944:
940:
939:0-201-74960-2
936:
928:
926:
925:3-540-32527-1
922:
914:
913:
909:
893:
886:
884:
880:
867:
860:
857:
845:. 3 June 2008
844:
838:
835:
830:
824:
809:on 6 May 2014
808:
804:
797:
794:
787:
782:
779:
776:
773:
771:
768:
766:
763:
762:
758:
756:
754:
750:
746:
744:
739:
735:
731:
728:The semantic
726:
724:
721:'s family of
720:
716:
712:
708:
704:
696:
694:
687:
685:
683:
679:
671:
668:
667:
666:
663:
655:
650:
647:
646:
645:
638:
633:
630:
627:
624:
623:
622:
620:
612:
607:
605:
602:
600:
594:
590:
583:
579:
575:
571:
568:
565:
561:
557:
553:
550:
547:
543:
539:
535:
531:
528:
527:
526:
521:Other formats
520:
518:
517:
510:
507:
506:
502:
500:
493:
488:
485:
482:
479:
478:
477:
475:
471:
469:
461:
459:
457:
453:
447:
445:
437:
435:
433:
429:
425:
417:
413:
410:
407:
403:
399:
396:
393:
390:
389:
388:
385:
383:
379:
375:
371:
367:
363:
359:
355:
351:
339:
334:
332:
327:
325:
320:
319:
317:
316:
311:
308:
306:
303:
301:
298:
296:
293:
291:
288:
286:
283:
281:
278:
276:
273:
271:
268:
266:
263:
261:
258:
257:
256:
255:
250:
245:
242:
240:
237:
235:
232:
230:
227:
225:
222:
220:
217:
215:
212:
210:
207:
205:
202:
200:
197:
195:
192:
190:
187:
185:
182:
180:
177:
175:
172:
170:
167:
165:
164:Graph drawing
162:
160:
157:
155:
154:Decision tree
152:
150:
147:
145:
142:
140:
137:
135:
134:Cognitive map
132:
130:
127:
125:
122:
121:
120:
119:
114:
109:
106:
104:
101:
99:
96:
94:
91:
89:
86:
84:
81:
79:
76:
74:
71:
69:
66:
64:
61:
59:
56:
54:
51:
50:
49:
48:
43:
38:
34:
30:
29:
23:
19:
4684:Microformats
4623:Common Logic
4470:
4328:Applications
4244:Semantic Web
4055:27000 series
3280:
1809:27000-series
1568:
950:
919:, Springer,
895:. Retrieved
870:. Retrieved
859:
847:. Retrieved
837:
811:. Retrieved
807:the original
796:
742:
727:
722:
715:semantic web
700:
691:
675:
659:
642:
616:
603:
595:
591:
587:
584:aps Notation
581:
577:
573:
563:
559:
555:
545:
541:
537:
533:
524:
515:
514:
497:
473:
472:
465:
455:
448:
441:
432:semantic web
424:concept maps
421:
415:
411:
405:
398:associations
397:
391:
386:
381:
349:
347:
300:Semantic Web
233:
124:Argument map
83:Mental model
68:Infographics
18:
4720:Dublin Core
4446:Library 2.0
4314:Linked data
3843:20000–29999
2995:10000–19999
897:21 February
872:25 December
849:26 December
813:25 December
749:hypergraphs
617:A de facto
494:Data format
412:occurrences
362:findability
358:interchange
305:Treemapping
214:Radial tree
144:Concept map
4800:Categories
4730:Schema.org
4466:References
4416:Geotagging
4411:Folksonomy
4304:Dataspaces
4297:Sub-topics
4273:Ontologies
4251:Background
3622:16949 (TS)
3219:11941 (TR)
1917:standards
788:References
723:Topic Maps
713:family of
678:RDF Schema
402:hypergraph
370:meta-model
184:Issue tree
159:Dendrogram
129:Cladistics
4761:hCalendar
4679:Microdata
4576:N-Triples
4569:Notation3
4495:Standards
4471:Topic map
4309:Hyperdata
4278:Semantics
4263:Hypertext
4258:Databases
3577:15926 WIP
2941:9592/9593
2866:9000/9001
2754:8805/8806
632:TMAPI 2.0
576:raphical
536:anonical
428:mind maps
350:topic map
234:Topic map
224:Sociogram
179:Issue map
174:Hypertext
4826:Diagrams
4771:hProduct
4461:Metadata
4268:Internet
4202:Category
1927:List of
823:cite web
759:See also
753:triplets
444:ontology
252:See also
229:Timeline
194:Mind map
4781:hReview
4776:hRecipe
4548:JSON-LD
4541:RDF/XML
4534:triples
4476:Web 2.0
4103:29199-2
3975:23094-2
3970:23094-1
3960:23090-3
3829:19794-5
3824:19775-1
3612:16612-2
3602:16355-1
3291:13406-2
3249:12234-2
3017:10118-3
1866:Related
1579:13522-5
1367:ISO/IEC
1258:62014-4
1171:61131-9
1166:61131-3
1136:60906-1
1129:60870-6
1124:60870-5
775:Topincs
684:(OWL).
558:ompact
4694:SAWSDL
4597:SPARQL
4555:Turtle
4117:30000+
2956:9797-1
2764:8820-5
2709:8501-1
2265:1073-2
2260:1073-1
1944:1–9999
957:
943:bibMap
937:
923:
711:SPARQL
406:topics
392:topics
244:ZigZag
4766:hCard
4756:hAtom
4674:GRDDL
4653:SHACL
4426:iXBRL
4385:Solid
4184:80000
4179:56000
4174:55000
4169:50001
4164:45001
4159:42010
4154:40500
4149:39075
4144:38500
4139:37001
4134:32000
4129:31000
4124:30170
4108:29500
4098:29148
4094:29110
4090:28000
4085:27729
4080:27006
4075:27005
4070:27002
4065:27001
4060:27000
4050:26324
4045:26300
4040:26262
4035:26000
4030:25964
4025:25178
4020:24728
4015:24707
4010:24617
4005:24613
4000:24517
3995:23941
3990:23360
3985:23271
3980:23270
3965:23092
3955:23009
3950:23008
3945:23003
3940:23000
3935:22537
3930:22395
3925:22301
3920:22300
3915:22275
3910:22000
3905:21827
3900:21500
3895:21122
3890:21047
3885:21001
3880:21000
3875:20830
3870:20802
3865:20400
3860:20121
3855:20022
3850:20000
3834:19831
3819:19770
3814:19757
3809:19752
3804:19600
3799:19510
3794:19509
3789:19508
3784:19507
3779:19506
3774:19505
3769:19503
3764:19502
3759:19501
3754:19500
3749:19439
3744:19407
3739:19136
3734:19125
3729:19115
3724:19114
3707:19092
3702:19011
3697:19005
3692:18916
3687:18629
3682:18245
3677:18181
3672:18014
3667:18004
3662:17799
3657:17506
3652:17442
3647:17369
3642:17203
3637:17100
3632:17025
3627:17024
3617:16750
3607:16485
3597:16262
3592:16023
3587:15938
3582:15930
3572:15926
3567:15924
3562:15919
3557:15897
3552:15707
3540:15706
3535:15693
3530:15686
3525:15511
3520:15504
3515:15438
3510:15445
3493:15444
3488:15408
3483:15398
3478:15291
3473:15288
3468:15189
3463:15022
3458:14971
3453:14882
3448:14764
3443:14698
3438:14651
3433:14649
3428:14644
3423:14617
3371:14496
3366:14443
3361:14396
3356:14289
3351:14224
3346:14031
3341:14000
3336:13818
3331:13816
3326:13616
3321:13584
3316:13568
3311:13567
3306:13490
3301:13485
3296:13450
3286:13399
3281:13250
3276:13216
3259:13211
3254:12620
3244:12207
3239:12182
3234:12052
3229:12006
3224:11992
3214:11941
3204:11940
3199:11898
3194:11889
3189:11801
3184:11785
3179:11784
3174:11783
3169:11544
3164:11404
3159:11179
3154:11172
3149:11170
3144:11073
3139:10967
3134:10962
3129:10957
3124:10861
3119:10746
3114:10664
3109:10646
3104:10628
3099:10589
3094:10585
3089:10383
3057:10303
3052:10279
3047:10218
3042:10206
3037:10179
3032:10165
3027:10161
3022:10160
3012:10116
3007:10007
3002:10006
1857:81346
1852:80000
1847:42010
1842:39075
1837:38500
1832:33001
1827:29119
1823:29110
1819:27040
1814:27002
1804:27000
1799:26300
1794:24752
1789:24744
1784:24727
1779:24707
1774:23360
1769:23270
1764:23008
1759:23003
1754:23000
1749:22537
1744:22275
1739:21827
1734:21000
1729:20802
1724:20000
1719:19788
1714:19770
1709:19757
1704:19752
1699:18181
1694:18014
1689:18004
1684:17025
1679:17024
1674:16485
1669:16262
1664:15938
1659:15897
1654:15693
1649:15511
1644:15504
1639:15445
1634:15444
1629:15408
1624:15291
1619:15288
1614:14882
1609:14651
1604:14496
1599:14443
1594:13818
1589:13816
1584:13568
1574:13346
1569:13250
1564:12207
1559:11801
1554:11544
1549:11404
1544:11179
1539:11172
1534:10967
1529:10646
1524:10279
1519:10179
1514:10165
1509:10116
1504:10021
1358:63382
1353:63119
1348:63110
1343:62700
1338:62682
1333:62680
1328:62455
1323:62386
1318:62379
1313:62366
1308:62365
1303:62351
1298:62325
1293:62304
1288:62264
1283:62262
1278:62196
1273:62061
1268:62056
1263:62026
1253:61970
1248:61968
1243:61960
1238:61883
1233:61851
1228:61850
1223:61784
1218:61511
1213:61508
1208:61499
1203:61400
1198:61360
1193:61355
1188:61334
1183:61162
1178:61158
1161:61131
1156:61030
1151:60958
1146:60929
1141:60908
1119:60870
1114:60601
1109:60559
1104:60446
1099:60364
1094:60320
1089:60309
1084:60297
1079:60269
1074:60228
1069:60112
1064:60068
1059:60063
1054:60062
1049:60038
1044:60034
1039:60027
868:. ISO
783:(UML)
680:with
626:TMAPI
580:opic
562:opic
544:opic
487:TMDM
481:TMRM
416:topic
408:, and
4740:SKOS
4735:SIOC
4725:FOAF
4715:DOAP
4689:RDFa
4669:eRDF
4648:ALPS
4633:RDFS
4592:RRID
4583:TriX
4562:TriG
4509:HTTP
3082:-238
2986:9995
2981:9985
2976:9984
2971:9945
2966:9899
2961:9897
2951:9660
2946:9594
2936:9564
2931:9529
2926:9506
2921:9496
2916:9407
2911:9362
2906:9314
2901:9293
2896:9241
2891:9227
2886:9141
2881:9126
2876:9075
2871:9036
2861:8879
2814:-8-I
2769:8859
2759:8807
2749:8691
2744:8652
2739:8651
2734:8632
2729:8613
2724:8601
2719:8583
2714:8571
2704:8373
2699:8217
2694:8178
2689:8093
2684:8000
2679:7942
2674:7816
2669:7813
2664:7812
2659:7811
2654:7810
2649:7736
2644:7637
2632:7498
2627:7200
2622:7185
2617:7098
2612:7064
2607:7027
2602:7010
2597:7002
2592:7001
2587:6943
2582:6709
2577:6523
2572:6438
2567:6429
2562:6425
2557:6385
2552:6373
2547:6346
2542:6344
2537:6166
2532:5964
2527:5807
2522:5800
2517:5776
2512:5775
2507:5725
2502:5428
2497:5427
2492:5426
2487:5218
2482:4909
2477:4217
2472:4165
2467:4157
2462:4031
2457:3977
2452:3950
2447:3901
2442:3864
2437:3602
2432:3601
2427:3307
2422:3297
2400:3166
2395:3103
2390:3029
2385:2921
2380:2852
2375:2848
2370:2788
2365:2720
2360:2711
2355:2709
2350:2533
2345:2281
2340:2240
2335:2146
2330:2145
2325:2108
2320:2047
2315:2033
2310:2022
2305:2015
2300:2014
2295:1989
2290:1745
2285:1629
2280:1538
2275:1413
2270:1155
2255:1007
2250:1004
2245:1000
2068:68-1
1499:9995
1494:9945
1489:9899
1484:9593
1479:9592
1474:9529
1469:9496
1464:9293
1459:9126
1454:8859
1449:8652
1444:8632
1439:8613
1434:7942
1429:7816
1424:7813
1419:7812
1414:7811
1409:7810
1404:6523
1399:6429
1394:5218
1389:4909
1384:2022
1379:1989
955:ISBN
941:(in
935:ISBN
921:ISBN
899:2014
874:2009
851:2009
829:link
815:2009
745:-ary
599:Perl
572:– a
554:– a
530:CXTM
452:URIs
426:and
356:and
285:Olog
4628:OWL
4602:XML
4528:RDF
4520:URI
4514:IRI
3416:-20
3411:-17
3406:-14
3401:-12
3396:-11
3391:-10
3077:-28
3072:-22
3067:-21
3062:-11
2854:-16
2849:-15
2844:-14
2839:-13
2834:-12
2829:-11
2824:-10
2240:999
2235:965
2230:898
2225:860
2220:843
2215:838
2210:764
2205:732
2200:704
2195:690
2190:668
2185:657
2180:646
2148:639
2143:519
2138:518
2133:500
2128:361
2123:306
2118:302
2113:262
2108:261
2103:259
2098:233
2093:228
2088:226
2083:217
2078:216
2073:128
2061:-13
2056:-12
2051:-11
2046:-10
1915:ISO
1374:646
1032:IEC
982:at
734:RDF
719:ISO
707:OWL
703:RDF
619:API
570:GTM
552:CTM
540:ML
378:IEC
374:ISO
4802::
3717:-2
3712:-1
3545:-2
3503:-9
3498:-3
3386:-6
3381:-3
3376:-2
3269:-2
3264:-1
3208:-2
2819:-9
2809:-8
2804:-7
2799:-6
2794:-5
2789:-4
2784:-3
2779:-2
2774:-1
2637:-1
2415:-3
2410:-2
2405:-1
2173:-6
2168:-5
2163:-3
2158:-2
2153:-1
2041:-9
2036:-8
2031:-7
2026:-6
2021:-5
2016:-4
2011:-3
2006:-1
2001:-0
1996:31
1991:17
1986:16
1935:–
1931:–
882:^
825:}}
821:{{
755:.
532:–
384:.
348:A
4236:e
4229:t
4222:v
3210:)
3206:(
1981:9
1976:7
1971:6
1966:4
1961:3
1956:2
1951:1
1907:e
1900:t
1893:v
1017:e
1010:t
1003:v
963:.
945:)
901:.
876:.
853:.
831:)
817:.
743:n
709:/
705:/
582:M
578:T
574:G
564:M
560:T
556:C
546:M
542:T
538:X
534:C
418:.
376:/
337:e
330:t
323:v
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
