1292:—was brought in by rail during the last days of December. Its first regiment—the 189th Infantry under Colonel Hohmeyer together with the 2nd Battalion of Artillery Regiment 181 and the 3rd Company of the Engineer Battalion 181—was immediately ordered to detrain at Toropets and Andreapol. From there, it advanced to Okhvat where it was encircled and completely destroyed on 14 January. 1,100 dead were later found in a forest near Okhvat, including the regimental commander who was posthumously promoted to Major General. A total of 40 survivors from the artillery battalion made it back to the German lines. The move into action and collapse was so swift that the regiment was not even identified on German situation maps.
211:
150:
118:
52:
170:
138:
104:
1288:, which was covering a line of 30 km (19 mi)—had its forward two regiments overrun. The regiments were so thinly spread in their strongpoints that they could not cover each other, allowing the Soviet assault forces to simply walk through between them. The strongpoints were later reduced, with significant casualties for the Germans. A German reserve formation—the
1249:
Shock Armies was very successful. German forces in the sector were overrun with heavy losses. The failure to predict this attack—coupled with multiple demands on the German reserves—gave the Soviet Front command an opening which it exploited to the utmost, driving deep into the German rear. While the
1232:
in breaking the siege of
Leningrad. The second was a south-western thrust toward Vitebsk. This attack was to be conducted by three armies, 33rd, 3rd and 4th Shock, the latter two having just recently been renamed. Its ultimate aim was to become the northern pincer of a deep envelopment of German Army
1300:
The Soviet aim of encircling Army Group Center was not achieved, but the attack by the two Shock Armies created a deep bend in the German frontline that was to become a major concern for the German army group commands during 1942, until the
1261:, and the practice later in the war, showing the dearth of resources in the Soviet arsenal at this low point of Soviet fortunes in the war. Yeremenko's 4th Shock Army had only two tank battalions, the 171st Tank Battalion with 12 Lend-Lease
923:
1185:. The Wehrmacht did not expect the Red Army to be capable of such a wide-ranging offensive, and therefore was caught off guard by attacks in areas that it supposed to be quiet, such as the region south of
1664:
916:
1659:
1654:
346:
909:
51:
1360:
339:
1250:
Soviet forces had few supplies at the start of the offensive, they could keep going through the capture of significant amounts of German supply stores at
1610:
513:
668:
332:
673:
383:
663:
508:
373:
764:
474:
378:
1401:
1396:
1391:
1386:
1285:
270:
265:
260:
255:
187:
734:
1465:
1355:
1350:
1289:
236:
231:
192:
1078:
739:
629:
530:
1649:
1600:
1257:
The tank support for such an operation was very weak on the Soviet side, especially compared to the requirements of the doctrine of
1068:
719:
714:
407:
651:
484:
1448:
937:
790:
634:
871:
861:
751:
1679:
1340:
1242:
963:
503:
224:
241:
1674:
1181:
of the Red Army decided to conduct a broad-front offensive with the aim of destroying the invading German forces in the
968:
824:
579:
447:
356:
39:
1438:
142:
818:
1669:
1023:
953:
856:
584:
1444:
1160:
851:
459:
427:
402:
182:
770:
562:
1586:
1581:
829:
646:
608:
596:
479:
464:
1576:
1073:
982:
724:
697:
574:
417:
1434:
1221:
1217:
1103:
702:
691:
442:
174:
1088:
1406:
1049:
1042:
757:
639:
590:
422:
396:
275:
1330:
1198:
834:
800:
745:
216:
1475:
1113:
975:
933:
844:
805:
785:
780:
678:
453:
197:
1565:
Vilinov, M.A. 'Features of the
Toropets-Kholm Operation' VIZH 1988 Issue 1, English translation
1596:
1380:
1108:
1083:
991:
729:
557:
1302:
1093:
1003:
883:
877:
866:
839:
775:
683:
536:
525:
498:
490:
469:
412:
1571:
1344:
1334:
1313:
1258:
1229:
1205:
1164:
1123:
1118:
1098:
1035:
1013:
888:
795:
657:
622:
547:
437:
154:
17:
1376:
1266:
1246:
601:
432:
249:
1543:
1643:
1225:
1213:
1056:
1151:, from 9 January–6 February 1942. The operation contributed to the formation of the
901:
1309:
1182:
1152:
1148:
1018:
552:
210:
169:
149:
137:
123:
109:
43:
1284:
The drive of the Soviet forces was so strong that the defending German formation—
1274:
1305:, of which this bend formed the northern border, was evacuated in March 1943.
1262:
1209:
1186:
1140:
958:
1625:
1612:
1156:
568:
1501:
1251:
1144:
1175:
Following the successful Moscow counter-offensive of
December 1941, the
1202:
1177:
1587:
Map of 4th Shock Army
Operations during the operation Jan 23-31 1942
1582:
Map of 4th Shock Army
Operations during the operation Jan 9-21 1942
1577:
Map of 3rd Shock Army
Operations during the operation Jan 9-21 1942
56:
World War II Eastern Front during the 1942 winter counter-offensive
1278:
1270:
324:
1208:—was given two tasks to be executed from its position south of
905:
328:
1502:"Особенности Торопецко-Холмской наступательной операции"
1665:
Military operations of World War II involving
Germany
1431:
Army Group North (elements of with unknown strength)
1660:
Strategic operations of the Red Army in World War II
1593:
When Titans
Clashed: How the Red Army Stopped Hitler
1562:MGFA (ed.) 'Generalfeldmarshall Ritter von Leeb'.
1368:63rd, 65th, 67th, 78th, 79th, 80th Ski Battalions
1365:20th, 27th, 31st, 42nd, 45th, 54th Rifle Brigades
1595:, Lawrence, Kansas: University Press of Kansas,
1655:Battles and operations of the Soviet–German War
1591:Glantz, David M. & House, Jonathan (1995),
32:
917:
340:
8:
1139:was a military operation conducted south of
1544:Combat Composition of the Soviet Army, 1942
924:
910:
902:
347:
333:
325:
29:
1212:. The first was a western thrust through
1273:, and the 141st Tank Battalion had four
27:World War II Red Army military operation
1572:Info on the Kholm part of the Operation
1493:
1333:(elements with a strength of 122,100) (
1534:Ericsson, J. 'The Road to Stalingrad'
7:
1568:Ziemke, E.F. 'Moscow to Stalingrad'
1312:, and the southern shoulder of the
1308:The Soviet attack also created the
25:
1525:Glantz & House (1995), p. 295
423:Bessarabia and Northern Bukovina
209:
168:
148:
136:
116:
102:
50:
1449:Walter von Brockdorff-Ahlefeldt
1241:The initial penetration of the
1:
1559:Haupt, W. 'Army Group North'
1417:141st, 171st Tank Battalions
1224:, and support the effort of
1155:and the encirclement of the
68:9 January – 6 February 1942
1696:
1414:62nd, 64th Ski Battalions
946:
364:
298:
285:
160:
129:
94:
60:
49:
37:
1650:1942 in the Soviet Union
1454:123rd Infantry Division
1137:Toropets–Kholm offensive
310:10,400 killed or missing
33:Toropets-Kholm offensive
18:Toropets-Kholm Operation
1470:189th Infantry Regiment
1460:418th Infantry Regiment
1457:416th Infantry Regiment
1286:123rd Infantry Division
1466:81st Infantry Division
1290:81st Infantry Division
130:Commanders and leaders
969:Evacuation of Tallinn
299:Casualties and losses
1680:February 1942 events
1407:360th Rifle Division
1402:358th Rifle Division
1397:334th Rifle Division
1392:332nd Rifle Division
1387:249th Rifle Division
1371:170th Tank Battalion
1361:257th Rifle Division
1114:Moonsund Archipelago
276:360th Rifle Division
1675:January 1942 events
1622: /
1356:33rd Rifle Division
1351:23rd Rifle Division
1331:North-Western Front
1199:North-Western Front
1069:Relief of Leningrad
964:Strategic defensive
630:Ostrogozhsk–Rossosh
531:Barvenkovo–Lozovaya
217:North-Western Front
77:Northwestern Russia
1476:SS Cavalry Brigade
1411:21st Rifle Brigade
1216:, to split German
825:Western Carpathian
765:2nd Jassy–Kishinev
735:1st Jassy–Kishinev
720:Leningrad–Novgorod
715:Dnieper–Carpathian
198:SS Cavalry Brigade
1670:Conflicts in 1942
1626:57.150°N 31.183°E
1381:Andrey Yeryomenko
1132:
1131:
954:June in Lithuania
899:
898:
323:
322:
307:
306:(Soviet estimate)
90:
89:
16:(Redirected from
1687:
1637:
1636:
1634:
1633:
1632:
1627:
1623:
1620:
1619:
1618:
1615:
1547:
1541:
1535:
1532:
1526:
1523:
1517:
1516:
1514:
1512:
1506:war1960.narod.ru
1498:
1281:, and 20 T-60s.
1079:Karelian Isthmus
941:
926:
919:
912:
903:
791:Petsamo–Kirkenes
669:Belgorod-Kharkov
635:Voronezh–Kharkov
359:
349:
342:
335:
326:
305:
220:
214:
213:
173:
172:
153:
152:
141:
140:
122:
120:
119:
112:
108:
106:
105:
62:
61:
54:
30:
21:
1695:
1694:
1690:
1689:
1688:
1686:
1685:
1684:
1640:
1639:
1630:
1628:
1624:
1621:
1616:
1613:
1611:
1609:
1608:
1607:
1556:
1551:
1550:
1542:
1538:
1533:
1529:
1524:
1520:
1510:
1508:
1500:
1499:
1495:
1490:
1428:
1345:Maksim Purkayev
1335:Pavel Kurochkin
1327:
1322:
1320:Order of battle
1314:Demyansk Pocket
1298:
1259:Deep operations
1239:
1230:Leningrad Front
1206:Pavel Kurochkin
1195:
1173:
1165:Demyansk Pocket
1133:
1128:
942:
932:
930:
900:
895:
889:Prague uprising
872:Bratislava–Brno
862:Moravia–Ostrava
752:Lvov–Sandomierz
580:Rzhev–Sychyovka
408:Białystok–Minsk
360:
355:
353:
318:
313:
311:
304:12,000 killed
208:
207:
167:
155:Pavel Kurochkin
147:
135:
117:
115:
103:
101:
100:
78:
55:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
1693:
1691:
1683:
1682:
1677:
1672:
1667:
1662:
1657:
1652:
1642:
1641:
1631:57.150; 31.183
1605:
1604:
1589:
1584:
1579:
1574:
1569:
1566:
1563:
1560:
1555:
1552:
1549:
1548:
1536:
1527:
1518:
1492:
1491:
1489:
1486:
1485:
1484:
1483:
1482:
1481:
1480:
1479:
1478:
1473:
1472:
1471:
1463:
1462:
1461:
1458:
1445:II. Army Corps
1427:
1424:
1423:
1422:
1421:
1420:
1419:
1418:
1415:
1412:
1409:
1404:
1399:
1394:
1389:
1377:4th Shock Army
1374:
1373:
1372:
1369:
1366:
1363:
1358:
1353:
1341:3rd Shock Army
1326:
1323:
1321:
1318:
1297:
1294:
1238:
1235:
1233:Group Center.
1194:
1191:
1172:
1169:
1130:
1129:
1127:
1126:
1121:
1116:
1111:
1106:
1101:
1096:
1091:
1086:
1081:
1076:
1071:
1060:
1059:
1054:
1053:
1052:
1040:
1027:
1026:
1021:
1016:
1011:
1009:Toropets–Kholm
1006:
995:
994:
989:
988:
987:
973:
972:
971:
961:
956:
947:
944:
943:
931:
929:
928:
921:
914:
906:
897:
896:
894:
893:
892:
891:
881:
874:
869:
864:
859:
854:
852:East Pomerania
849:
842:
837:
832:
827:
822:
814:
813:
809:
808:
803:
798:
793:
788:
783:
778:
773:
768:
761:
754:
749:
742:
737:
732:
727:
722:
717:
711:
710:
706:
705:
700:
695:
688:
687:
686:
676:
671:
666:
661:
654:
649:
644:
637:
632:
627:
619:
618:
614:
613:
606:
599:
594:
587:
582:
577:
572:
565:
560:
555:
550:
545:
543:Toropets–Kholm
540:
533:
528:
522:
521:
517:
516:
511:
506:
501:
496:
495:
494:
487:
482:
477:
472:
467:
462:
457:
450:
445:
440:
435:
430:
425:
420:
415:
410:
405:
392:
391:
387:
386:
381:
376:
370:
369:
365:
362:
361:
354:
352:
351:
344:
337:
329:
321:
320:
312:18,810 wounded
308:
301:
300:
296:
295:
292:
288:
287:
283:
282:
281:
280:
279:
278:
273:
271:358th Division
268:
266:334th Division
263:
261:332nd Division
258:
256:249th Division
250:4th Shock Army
246:
245:
244:
242:257th Division
239:
234:
226:3rd Shock Army
204:
203:
202:
201:
200:
195:
190:
188:123rd Division
163:
162:
161:Units involved
158:
157:
145:
132:
131:
127:
126:
113:
97:
96:
92:
91:
88:
87:
86:Soviet victory
84:
80:
79:
76:
74:
70:
69:
66:
58:
57:
47:
46:
35:
34:
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1692:
1681:
1678:
1676:
1673:
1671:
1668:
1666:
1663:
1661:
1658:
1656:
1653:
1651:
1648:
1647:
1645:
1638:
1635:
1602:
1601:0-7006-0899-0
1598:
1594:
1590:
1588:
1585:
1583:
1580:
1578:
1575:
1573:
1570:
1567:
1564:
1561:
1558:
1557:
1553:
1545:
1540:
1537:
1531:
1528:
1522:
1519:
1507:
1503:
1497:
1494:
1487:
1477:
1474:
1469:
1468:
1467:
1464:
1459:
1456:
1455:
1453:
1452:
1450:
1446:
1443:
1442:
1440:
1436:
1433:
1432:
1430:
1429:
1425:
1416:
1413:
1410:
1408:
1405:
1403:
1400:
1398:
1395:
1393:
1390:
1388:
1385:
1384:
1382:
1378:
1375:
1370:
1367:
1364:
1362:
1359:
1357:
1354:
1352:
1349:
1348:
1346:
1342:
1339:
1338:
1336:
1332:
1329:
1328:
1324:
1319:
1317:
1315:
1311:
1306:
1304:
1303:Rzhev Salient
1295:
1293:
1291:
1287:
1282:
1280:
1276:
1272:
1268:
1264:
1260:
1255:
1253:
1248:
1244:
1236:
1234:
1231:
1227:
1226:Volkhov Front
1223:
1219:
1215:
1214:Staraya Russa
1211:
1207:
1204:
1200:
1192:
1190:
1188:
1184:
1180:
1179:
1170:
1168:
1166:
1162:
1161:II Army Corps
1158:
1154:
1150:
1146:
1142:
1138:
1125:
1122:
1120:
1117:
1115:
1112:
1110:
1107:
1105:
1102:
1100:
1097:
1095:
1092:
1090:
1087:
1085:
1082:
1080:
1077:
1075:
1072:
1070:
1067:
1066:
1065:
1064:
1058:
1055:
1051:
1048:
1047:
1046:
1045:
1041:
1039:
1038:
1034:
1033:
1032:
1031:
1025:
1022:
1020:
1017:
1015:
1012:
1010:
1007:
1005:
1002:
1001:
1000:
999:
993:
990:
986:
985:
981:
980:
979:
978:
974:
970:
967:
966:
965:
962:
960:
957:
955:
952:
951:
950:
945:
939:
935:
927:
922:
920:
915:
913:
908:
907:
904:
890:
887:
886:
885:
882:
880:
879:
875:
873:
870:
868:
865:
863:
860:
858:
855:
853:
850:
848:
847:
843:
841:
838:
836:
833:
831:
828:
826:
823:
821:
820:
816:
815:
811:
810:
807:
804:
802:
799:
797:
794:
792:
789:
787:
784:
782:
779:
777:
774:
772:
769:
767:
766:
762:
760:
759:
755:
753:
750:
748:
747:
743:
741:
738:
736:
733:
731:
728:
726:
723:
721:
718:
716:
713:
712:
708:
707:
704:
701:
699:
696:
694:
693:
689:
685:
682:
681:
680:
677:
675:
672:
670:
667:
665:
662:
660:
659:
655:
653:
650:
648:
645:
643:
642:
638:
636:
633:
631:
628:
626:
625:
621:
620:
616:
615:
612:
611:
610:Little Saturn
607:
605:
604:
600:
598:
597:Velikiye Luki
595:
593:
592:
588:
586:
583:
581:
578:
576:
573:
571:
570:
566:
564:
561:
559:
556:
554:
551:
549:
546:
544:
541:
539:
538:
534:
532:
529:
527:
524:
523:
519:
518:
515:
512:
510:
507:
505:
502:
500:
497:
493:
492:
488:
486:
483:
481:
478:
476:
473:
471:
468:
466:
463:
461:
458:
456:
455:
451:
449:
446:
444:
441:
439:
436:
434:
431:
429:
426:
424:
421:
419:
416:
414:
411:
409:
406:
404:
401:
400:
399:
398:
394:
393:
389:
388:
385:
382:
380:
377:
375:
372:
371:
368:Naval warfare
367:
366:
363:
358:
357:Eastern Front
350:
345:
343:
338:
336:
331:
330:
327:
316:
309:
303:
302:
297:
293:
290:
289:
284:
277:
274:
272:
269:
267:
264:
262:
259:
257:
254:
253:
252:
251:
247:
243:
240:
238:
237:33rd Division
235:
233:
232:23rd Division
230:
229:
228:
227:
223:
222:
221:
219:
218:
212:
205:
199:
196:
194:
193:81st Division
191:
189:
186:
185:
184:
181:
180:
179:
178:
177:
171:
165:
164:
159:
156:
151:
146:
144:
139:
134:
133:
128:
125:
114:
111:
99:
98:
93:
85:
82:
81:
75:
72:
71:
67:
64:
63:
59:
53:
48:
45:
41:
40:Eastern Front
36:
31:
19:
1606:
1592:
1554:Bibliography
1539:
1530:
1521:
1509:. Retrieved
1505:
1496:
1310:Kholm Pocket
1307:
1299:
1283:
1256:
1240:
1196:
1183:Soviet Union
1176:
1174:
1153:Kholm Pocket
1149:World War II
1136:
1134:
1062:
1061:
1043:
1036:
1029:
1028:
1008:
997:
996:
983:
976:
948:
876:
857:Lake Balaton
845:
830:East Prussia
819:Vistula–Oder
817:
763:
756:
744:
690:
679:2nd Smolensk
656:
640:
623:
609:
602:
589:
567:
542:
535:
514:Air war 1941
489:
452:
428:1st Smolensk
395:
384:Arctic Ocean
314:
248:
225:
215:
206:
175:
166:
124:Soviet Union
95:Belligerents
44:World War II
38:Part of the
1629: /
1546:, pp. 9, 26
1439:Ernst Busch
1263:Matilda IIs
1197:The Soviet
984:Oranienbaum
938:the Baltics
652:Gorky Blitz
647:3rd Kharkov
563:2nd Kharkov
465:1st Kharkov
460:Sea of Azov
143:Ernst Busch
1644:Categories
1488:References
1267:Valentines
1210:Lake Ilmen
1187:Lake Ilmen
1171:Background
1141:Lake Ilmen
1050:Krasny Bor
1044:Polar Star
959:Summer War
776:2nd Baltic
771:Dukla Pass
758:Doppelkopf
730:2nd Crimea
674:2nd Donbas
664:1st Donbas
641:Polar Star
591:Stalingrad
475:Sevastopol
470:1st Crimea
413:1st Baltic
397:Barbarossa
374:Baltic Sea
1435:16th Army
1296:Aftermath
1269:, and 10
1222:16th Army
1218:18th Army
1193:Objective
1157:Wehrmacht
1024:Sinyavino
977:Leningrad
934:Leningrad
801:Gumbinnen
746:Bagration
585:Sinyavino
569:Case Blue
454:Leningrad
379:Black Sea
176:16th Army
1252:Toropets
1145:Red Army
1124:Courland
1089:Šiauliai
1014:Demyansk
846:Solstice
806:Budapest
796:Courland
786:Debrecen
781:Belgrade
703:2nd Kiev
575:Caucasus
548:Demyansk
509:Chechnya
443:1st Kiev
286:Strength
183:II Corps
73:Location
1617:31°11′E
1614:57°09′N
1265:, nine
1203:General
1201:—under
1163:in the
1147:during
1143:by the
1109:Tallinn
1084:Vilnius
992:Tikhvin
940:1941–44
840:Breslau
835:Silesia
740:Karelia
692:Dnieper
558:Bamberg
499:Finland
448:Tallinn
294:122,100
291:unknown
110:Germany
1599:
1426:German
1325:Soviet
1277:, six
1237:Battle
1178:Stavka
1094:Kaunas
1004:Lyuban
884:Prague
878:Berlin
867:Vienna
684:Lenino
526:Lyuban
491:Moscow
480:Rostov
438:Odessa
319:29,200
121:
107:
83:Result
1511:8 May
1279:T-34s
1275:KV-1s
1271:T-60s
1119:Memel
1099:Tartu
1074:Narva
1037:Iskra
1019:Kholm
725:Narva
698:Nevel
658:Kursk
624:Iskra
553:Kholm
537:Rzhev
504:Kerch
485:Gorky
418:Brody
403:Brest
315:Total
1597:ISBN
1513:2017
1245:and
1228:and
1220:and
1135:The
1104:Riga
1063:1944
1030:1943
998:1942
949:1941
936:and
812:1945
709:1944
617:1943
603:Mars
520:1942
433:Uman
390:1941
65:Date
1247:4th
1243:3rd
1159:'s
1057:Mga
42:of
1646::
1504:.
1451:)
1441:)
1383:)
1347:)
1337:)
1316:.
1254:.
1189:.
1167:.
1603:.
1515:.
1447:(
1437:(
1379:(
1343:(
925:e
918:t
911:v
348:e
341:t
334:v
317::
20:)
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