696:, ratified by Turkey in April 1988, prohibits the use as evidence of statements extracted under torture. In addition, Article 90 of the Turkish Constitution of 1982 provides that international provisions once ratified are binding on national law. In view of the prohibition on "torture evidence", Amnesty International remains dismayed by the widespread attitude of judges in the special Heavy Penal Courts: judges are consistently failing to take measures to initiate investigation into complaints of torture or to attempt to assess the admissibility of evidence allegedly obtained illegally.
672:
condition of more than three suspects is not mentioned in the
Constitution). In the Criminal Procedure Code (Law 1412) that was replaced by new legislation in 2005 the maximum time for detention was determined in Article 128. The Article provided that an apprehended person had to be taken to a judge (if not released) within 24 hours, excluding the time for the transfer to the nearest court. If the apprehended person requested, a lawyer could be present during interrogation. The prosecutor could extend this period to four days if more than three suspects were involved.
397:, denied them food, water and medical treatment. Detainees were verbally abused, threatened as well as subjected to beatings and torture, including rape and sexual assault. Plastic zip-ties were often fastened too tight and left wounds on the arms of detainees. In some cases detainees were also blindfolded throughout their detention. In addition, detainees have been denied access to lawyers and family members and have not been properly informed of the charges against them, undermining their
2702:
470:
144 names of prisoners suspected to have died under torture was published in the
Turkish press the Turkish authorities provided further information. They indirectly admitted that torture could have caused the death of 40 prisoners. Amnesty International knew of another seven cases in which alleged torturers had been convicted raising the figure of confirmed deaths in custody to 47 between 1980 and 1990.
2712:
428:, visited Turkey in 2016. According to his report, though Turkey had laws against torture, they were insufficiently enforced, with investigation of allegations of torture being rare. He reported that he heard many allegations of torture and inhumane treatment. The Turkish government denied these allegations, claiming that they were part of a misinformation campaign by
684:
revised draft law (amending
Article 10 of Law 3713) restricts the immediate right to legal counsel for those detained on suspicion of committing terrorism offences. Paragraph (b) of the Article specifies that, at a prosecutor's request and on the decision of a judge, a detainee's right to legal counsel from the first moment of detention may be delayed by 24 hours.
644:
to situations of interrogation aimed at getting a confession. The sentences for torment are very low and if as before, most cases of torture are interpreted as torment not only will the sentences remain low but the possibilities to suspend the sentences increase and the limits for exceeding the time limit will be lower.
441:
Rights
Foundation of Turkey (HRFT) determined 37 torture techniques, such as electric shock, squeezing the testicles, hanging by the arms or legs, blindfolding, stripping the suspect naked, spraying with high-pressure water, etc. These techniques are used by the special team members and other interrogation teams.
719:
investigations into allegations of torture had all resulted in either dropping of charges or acquitting alleged torturers. According to the court's verdict anyone, if tortured, would sign a statement prepared by the police following a certain scenario, and there would be no contradictions in those statements.
832:
Overall, while the
Turkish legal framework includes a comprehensive set of safeguards against torture and ill-treatment, efforts to implement it and fully apply the government's zero-tolerance policy have been limited. Allegations of torture and ill-treatment and impunity for perpetrators are still a
787:
In short, more than two years after the CPT's first visit, very little had been achieved as regards the strengthening of legal safeguards against torture and ill-treatment... In the light of all the information at its disposal, the CPT can only conclude that the practice of torture and other forms of
667:
detention). On 5 September 1981 the maximum period of detention was lowered to 45 days. Between 17 June 1985 and 12 March 1997 the maximum period of incommunicado detention was 15 days (in regions under a state of emergency it could be extended to 30 days). Until 6 February 2002 the maximum detention
498:
members Kemal Pir, M. Hayri Durmuş, Ali Çiçek and Akif Yılmaz started a hunger strike in
Diyarbakır Prison. Kemal Pir died on 7 September 1982, M. Hayri Durmuş on 12 September 1982, Akif Yılmaz on 15 September 1982 and Ali Çiçek on 17 September 1982. On 13 April 1984 a 75-day hunger-strike started in
421:
405:
to send people to check on detainees conditions. A person who'd been on duty at the Ankara police headquarters claimed that police denied medical treatment to a detainee. "Let him die. We will say he came to us dead," the witness quoted a police doctor as saying. Some of the detainees were in extreme
724:
The defendants appealed in their defence for their statements to the police to be taken out of the files, because they had generally been extracted under torture... In accordance with the legislation it was not possible to take their statements to the police out of the files, as these statement have
712:
Even of it happens that the confession was obtained using torture or other kinds of fraudulent means were applied this kind of behaviour is a different quality in the responsibility of the men on duty so that there is no judicial objection to evaluate the confession and base the verdict on it, if it
683:
Article 148 of Law 5271 proscribes that a lawyer has to be present, when the testimony of a suspect is being taken (the testimony must be signed by a lawyer, otherwise it is not valid). At the end of June 2006 various changes to the Law 3713 on the Fight against
Terrorism were made. Article 9 of the
643:
Like torture the offence of "torment" (suffering) has not been defined. It is left to the interpretation as to which kind of act will fall under
Article 94 or Article 96 of Law 5237. A similar distinction existed between Articles 243 and 245 of the former TPC, since the first provision only referred
627:
The first paragraph of
Article 243 TPC restricted the offence of torture or cruel, inhuman and degrading treatment to acts aimed at eliciting confession to a crime or in cases of victims or witnesses aimed at influencing the decision to make certain statements or complaints. The maximum sentence was
469:
In an attempt to obtain detailed information
Amnesty International submitted 110 cases to the Turkish authorities between September 1981 and October 1984. On 10 June 1988 AI sent a list with 229 names to the Turkish authorities and in September 1998 received answers on 55 cases. Only after a list of
416:
In a detailed research that cited torture cases across Turkey's prisons and detention centers, Stockholm Center for Freedom revealed that the torture, ill-treatment, abusive, inhuman and degrading treatment of people who are deprived of their liberties in Turkey's detention centers and prisons after
856:
Following the wide-scale torture incidents in 2016, The UN Special Rapporteur on torture and other cruel, inhuman or degrading treatment or punishment, Prof. Nils Melzer, visited Turkey two times. While his first visit was focused on freedom of press and expression and the second one was focused on
733:
The demand of some defence lawyers to remove the statements of E.K. to the police, the prosecutor and the arresting judge from the file, because they had not been obtained in a lawful manner and did not constitute legal evidence was rejected, because there is no provision in law to remove documents
679:
For offences that had to be dealt with by State Security Courts (under the new legislation they are called "heavy penal courts authorized according to Article 250 of Law 5271") the maximum period of 24 hours in detention as provided in Article 91 of Law 5271 is set at 48 hours, according to Article
675:
The Criminal Procedure Code (Law 5271 as of 1 June 2005) regulates the length of custody in Article 91. Again the maximum length of detention is determined to be 24 hours. Article 90 of Law 5271 maintains the maximum length of detention in cases of commonly committed offences as four days. However,
631:
In practice Article 245 TPC was more often used than Article 243 TPC. The figures of the General Directorate of Criminal Registration and Statistics within the Justice Minister indicate that for every four trials under Article 245 TPC there was one trial under Article 243 TC. On 11 January 2003 one
814:
The information gathered during the CPT’s December 2005 visit would indicate that the curve of ill-treatment by law enforcement officials remains on the decline. However, there are clearly no grounds for complacency, all the more so as reports continue to appear of ill-treatment by law enforcement
796:
Some progress has been made. The CPT's findings in the course of a visit to Turkey in October 1994 demonstrated that torture and other forms of severe ill-treatment were still important characteristics of police custody in that country. ...the Committee has continued to receive credible reports of
372:
was reached that asked Turkey to shorten the detention period, lift martial law and present periodic reports. Turkey had shortened the maximum length of detention in May and June 1985 from 45 days to 30 days in areas under emergency legislation and to 15 days in areas not under extraordinary rule.
283:
was to extend the maximum period of detention from 15 to 30 and then to 90 days. (see the relevant section below). Amnesty International has repeatedly documented that, in practice, incommunicado detention is often longer than legally permitted. Specialized teams in İstanbul, Ankara and Diyarbakır
671:
Since 2002 the following rules apply. Article 19 of the Constitution provides in paragraph 5 that the maximum time a person may be kept in detention, apart from the time of transfer to the nearest court, is 48 hours. This period is extended to four days in case of jointly committed offences (the
478:
was given as the reason for 26 deaths. On the basis of this list Helmut Oberdiek compiled a revised list for 20 years (12 September 1980 to 12 September 2000) and concluded that in 428 cases torture may have been the reason for the death of prisoners. In 2008 alone the Human Rights Foundation of
440:
Suspects are blindfolded and handcuffed immediately after detention. Even common criminal suspects are stripped naked during interrogation and left like that, often after being hosed with ice-cold water or left on the concrete floors of cells in harsh conditions of winter. The HRA and the Human
284:
were responsible for the interrogation of specific organizations and groups. İsmail Hakkı, for instance, said that between 1979 and 1985 he worked in the place called political department (at the time "first department") of Istanbul Police HQ in the "K" section (which may be the abbreviation of
623:
Torture had been banned in Turkey, even before the Turkish Republic was founded. All Constitutions since 1876 carried provisions against torture. The crime of torture was first defined in Article 103 of the penal code of 1858. Between 1926 and 2005 the Turkish Penal Code (TPC) was Law 765. Two
473:
In September 1994 and September 1995 the HRFT published two reports on Deaths in Custody (14 and 15 years since the military take over) presenting a list of 419 deaths in custody (in 15 years) with a suspicion that torture might have been the reason. Another 15 deaths were attributed to hunger
841:
During the year human rights organizations documented a rise in cases of torture, beatings, and abuse by security forces... A December parliamentary Human Rights Investigation Commission report found that, between 2003 and 2008, 2 percent of the 2,140 personnel who were investigated due to
647:
The current government has enacted new laws and training to prevent torture, including a policy involving surprise inspections of police stations that was announced in 2008. A government human rights report issued for the first time in 2008 found that the combined category of torture and
628:
eight years' imprisonment. Article 245 TPC provided for sentences of three months to five years' imprisonment if civil servants entitled to use force or other law enforcement officers resorted to bad treatment or imposed suffering on others beyond the orders of superiors and other rules.
718:
In a verdict by Erzincan Military Court No. 2, dated 24 January 1984, the judges stated that the allegations of torture were all unfounded (pages 169 to 177). The judges concluded that none of the defendants could have been tortured, because there was no evidence in the medical reports;
768:
456:
There are many more methods applied in Turkey during the past and the present. In the annual reports of the Treatment and Rehabilitation Centres of the Human Rights Foundation the list of methods covers one page. The European Committee for the Prevention of Torture observed that
851:
Prosecutors and judges should not require conclusive proof of physical torture or ill-treatment (much less final conviction of an accused perpetrator) before deciding not to rely as against the detainee on confessions or information alleged to have been obtained by such
778:
Taking into account also the other information gathered by the delegation in the course of its visit to Turkey the CPT has reached the conclusion that torture and other forms of severe ill-treatment are important characteristics of police custody in
730:
Istanbul Heavy Penal Court No. 14 (previously Istanbul SSC No. 6) in an interim decision during the hearing of a trial against six alleged members of the Revolutionary People's Liberation Party/Front (DHKP/C) on 30 July 2004 (ground number 2004/75):
632:
paragraph was added to Article 245 TPC providing that sentences passed under Articles 243 or 245 TPC could not be commuted to fines, be made conditional or be suspended. This provision against impunity was not included in the Penal Code of 2005.
660:
the maximum period that person could be held in custody (of police or gendarmerie) was extended from 15 to 30 days. On 7 November 1980 this period was increased to 90 days (3 months), during which time they had no contact to the outside world
846:
The UN Special Rapporteur on torture and other cruel, inhuman or degrading treatment or punishment, Manfred Nowak published a report on various countries on 15 March 2007. Pages 119 to 129 relate to Turkey. Among the recommendations was
207:
The military applied torture to political prisoners as a matter of policy. Affidavits confirmed that martial law commanders, military prosecutors and judicial advisors gave order to torture political prisoners, sometime supervising it.
680:
251 of Law 5271. This Article also provides that if offences under Article 250 of Law 5271 are committed in regions under a state of emergency the maximum of 4 days detention for commonly committed offences can be extended to 7 days.
620:." Similar provisions had been included in previous Constitutions. In the Constitution of 1876 it was Article 26; in the Constitution of 1924 it was Article 73, and in the Constitution of 1961 it was Article 13 (paragraphs 3 and 4).
1692:
See a German translation of Mehmet Semih Gemalmaz: "Türkiye Yargısının İşkence Karşısında Tavrı (The attitude of the Turkish judiciary towards torture), Ankara 1993. An online edition of the German translation is available at
805:
The information gathered during the visit from various sources suggests that resort to some of the most severe methods of ill-treatment encountered in the past by CPT delegations has diminished in recent times in the Istanbul
635:
The Turkish Penal Code passed on 26 September 2004 as Law 5237 entered into force on 1 June 2005. Like the former Penal Code (Law 765) it included the offence of torture and ill-treatment but added the offence of torment
1308:
725:
not been assessed as evidence of the defendants' confessions. These statements have been quoted from time to tome, if other evidence and documents existed showing that the defendants committed the alleged crime.
377:
became the main body to monitor the situation, but other bodies such as the UN Special Rapporteur on Torture (see the section on reports) also visited Turkey in order to evaluate the risk of torture in Turkey.
135:
and others, were tortured between 1944 and 1945. In 1945 the military prison in Istanbul moved from Tophane to Harbiye. In one section 40 cells were built measuring 1,5 by 2 metres. Alleged members of the
1172:
867:, the UK charity which works with torture survivors, stated that it had received 79 referrals of individuals from Turkey, for clinical treatment and other services provided by the charity, in 2011
788:
severe ill-treatment of persons in police custody remains widespread in Turkey and that such methods are applied to both ordinary criminal suspects and persons held under anti-terrorism provisions.
1382:
494:
burned himself to death on 21 March 1982 in protest at the treatment in prison. Ferhat Kurtay, Necmi Önen, Mahmut Zengin and Eşref Anyık followed his example on 17 May 1982. On 14 July 1982 the
292:. All people in that wing were professionals. They could guess what organization had carried out which action just because of the way it was carried out and the way the militants had escaped.
624:
provisions of Law 765 provided for punishment in case of torture (Article 243) or ill-treatment (Article 245). Both offences were entitled "bad treatment of civil servants against citizens".
1857:
Amnesty International: "Turkey: Torture and Unfair Trial of Political Prisoners. Case Studies between August 1988 and August 1989", AI London, October 1989, AI-Index: EUR 44/101/89, p. 28f.
640:). Contrary to the former Penal Code, the Articles against torture and ill-treatment (Articles 94 to 96) were included in the chapter on offences against persons and not against the State.
825:
705:.. Influence is one thing, to disclose the truth as a result of influence is another thing. Because the first one will lead to sanction, there is no need to count the confession as invalid
100:
was tortured here in 1910. He raised torture allegations in parliament. The demand to establish a commission to investigate the torture allegations was turned down by 96 against 73 votes.
837:
The Bureau of Democracy, Human Rights, and Labor in the U.S. Department of State publish annual country reports. The 2008 report on Turkey was published on 25 February 2009. It stated
2202:
144:). They were held here for 195 days. Twenty-four prisoners allegedly died because of the bad conditions they had been held in. In Harbiye Military Prison members of the extreme right
771:
in 1988. The reports of the CPT are confidential, but most countries have agreed that these reports are made public. Turkey did so after a visit of the CPT in February/March 1999.
2219:
676:
the period can be extended for one day at a time (for a maximum of three times). The order for extension of the time in custody again is given by a prosecutor (not a judge).
2293:
1312:
96:(Military Company of Bekir Agha) situated in the building that now houses the Istanbul University as a special torture place. Almost all dissidents came here once. Deputy
1289:
2298:
402:
1982:
2086:
413:
extended the maximum period of detention for suspects from four days to 30, a move Amnesty said increased the risk of torture or other maltreatment of detainees.
747:
300-page report (in German) by Helmut Oberdiek for Amnesty International Germany, Pro Asyl, and Holtfort-Stiftung, February 23, 2006, (accessed January 1, 2007)
2163:
2015:
2170:
401:. In general, it appears that the worst treatment in detention was reserved for higher-ranking military officers. Amnesty International said it wanted the
189:
2158:
1369:
406:
emotional distress, with one detainee attempting to throw himself out of a sixth story window and another repeatedly slamming his head against the wall.
1397:
103:
After the foundation of the Turkish Republic in 1923 Sansaryan Han and the Harbiye Military Prison became the symbols for torture. Having been built in
502:
Many more prisoners died as a result of hunger strikes and fast-to-death actions. Most deaths occurred during the actions against the isolation in the
429:
295:
In the 1980s particularly Amnesty International issued many reports and urgent actions related to allegations of torture in Turkey. Some quotes are:
2231:
2175:
341:
33:
2616:
1224:(Fight against the separatist PKK terror organization) was first published at www.mercek.net on 8 May 2009, (Turkish); accessed on 26 October 2009
764:
417:
July 15, 2016, coup bid have become a norm rather than an exception under increased nationalistic euphoria and religious zealotry in the country.
374:
328:: "AI continues to be concerned about the imprisonment of prisoners of conscience, systematic torture and ill-treatment of political prisoners..."
65:
1002:
3123:
2748:
383:
137:
1100:
344:
and international bodies like the Council of Europe sent delegations to Turkey to investigate the torture claims. On 1 July 1982 five States (
926:
891:
2343:
1753:
1269:
393:, detainees in Turkey are being subjected to beatings and torture, including rape, after the failed coup attempt. Police held detainees in
228:
which was used as a torture centre especially during the 12 March period. At the Ziverbey Estate well known people such as the journalists
618:
No one shall be subjected to torture or ill-treatment; no one shall be subjected to penalties or treatment incompatible with human dignity
2591:
365:
337:
1725:
1440:
1076:
1951:
1796:
Amnesty International, Turkey: Background to the Devrimci Yol trial in Ankara, AI Index: EUR 44/47/88, 27 June 1988, reproduced as an
112:
1348:
268:
Over a quarter of a million people were arrested in Turkey on political grounds since 1980 and almost all of them were tortured. The
3128:
2636:
2192:
2108:
1677:
1609:
1530:
1217:
1054:
Tarihçesi ve Yaşayanların Anlatımlarıyla - İşkence - 1 (Torture 1 with History and Stories of Victims); Collected by: Ali Osman Köse
967:
Tarihçesi ve Yaşayanların Anlatımlarıyla - İşkence - 1 (Torture 1 with History and Stories of Victims); Collected by: Ali Osman Köse
954:
273:
73:
2667:
1592:
1576:
2008:
1708:
107:
in 1895 Sansaryan Han became the police headquarters of Istanbul in 1944. People that were tortured here include poet and writer
828:
publishes annual reports on progress of countries that have asked for accession. The report on Turkey of 14 October 2009 stated
2252:
2197:
2043:
89:
1420:
1056:
969:
616:
The Constitution of 1982 contains the prohibition of torture in the last two sentences of the first paragraph of Article 17: "
1617:
1538:
318:
2677:
755:
There are numerous reports by international bodies and national and international NGOs on the problem of torture in Turkey.
657:
280:
181:
153:
57:
668:
period for offences dealt with at the State Security Court was seven days (10 days in regions under a state of emergency).
3011:
2113:
693:
368:. They complained in particular about torture, unfair trials and restriction of freedom of expression. In December 1985 a
1979:
2874:
2209:
2103:
1630:
288:= communist), the "group for interrogation and operations against illegal organizations" and later at the same place in
69:
2804:
2303:
2180:
2001:
1612:: File of Torture: Deaths in Detention Places or Prisons (12 September 1980 to 12 September 1995, Ankara, March 1996
495:
487:
251:
1533:
File of Torture: Deaths in Detention Places or Prisons (12 September 1980 to 12 September 1995), Ankara, March 1996
912:
3118:
2936:
2931:
2824:
2741:
2536:
2283:
2262:
1845:
193:
145:
3072:
2849:
2426:
459:
the most severe methods of ill-treatment encountered in the past by CPT delegations has diminished in recent times
2672:
2146:
1966:
3087:
3039:
2631:
1939:
522:
93:
2358:
2336:
499:
Istanbul. As a result, four prisoners - Abdullah Meral, Haydar Başbağ, Fatih Ökütülmüş and Hasan Telci - died.
269:
61:
3044:
2896:
2641:
1832:
3049:
2586:
1782:
Turkey: Briefing on the Wide-Ranging, Arbitrary and Restrictive Draft Revisions to the Law to Fight Terrorism
1394:
2551:
2506:
2476:
2471:
2366:
2257:
2038:
532:
More prisoners lost their lives during operations of the security forces in prisons. The incidents include:
503:
410:
2966:
2926:
2906:
2886:
2789:
2571:
2486:
2466:
2416:
2376:
233:
200:, ÖHD). The torture methods included electric shocks applied by field telephones various forms of hanging,
3077:
2996:
2901:
2682:
2561:
2556:
2288:
2185:
1331:
422:
United Nations special rapporteur on torture and other cruel, inhuman or degrading treatment or punishment
120:
3097:
3082:
3029:
2981:
2976:
2951:
2809:
2626:
2531:
2511:
2501:
2401:
1186:
2956:
2916:
2869:
2864:
2839:
2834:
2829:
2814:
2799:
2794:
2784:
2779:
2774:
2734:
2601:
2596:
2386:
2371:
2214:
2141:
2081:
398:
390:
53:
3092:
3034:
2991:
2971:
2946:
2941:
2921:
2891:
2819:
2646:
2481:
2411:
2396:
2391:
1147:
3067:
2986:
2911:
2687:
2541:
2456:
2491:
2436:
2153:
2120:
2098:
2093:
864:
663:
483:
45:
29:
1493:
1472:
858:
2656:
2576:
2329:
2055:
1831:(Attitude of the Turkish Judiciary against Torture, printed in Human Rights Annual, Vol. 14, 1992,
1097:
369:
41:
2711:
1199:
783:
At the end of 1992 the CPT felt obliged to make a public statement on Turkey and said inter alias
769:
European Convention for the Prevention of Torture and Inhuman or Degrading Treatment or Punishment
699:
Samples of court rulings on allegations that statements had been extracted under torture include:
648:
ill-treatment was the third-most-common complaint in 2007, after property rights and health care.
3006:
2854:
2769:
2516:
2496:
2381:
2310:
2247:
2136:
303:: "The Turkish authorities have persisted in the torture of prisoners during the present decade."
1750:
1266:
229:
116:
108:
1471:
The AI report "Turkey: Deaths in Custody" was published in the newsletter of January 1989. The
1135:
449:) was the method most frequently applied, until Prof. Dr. Veli Lök discovered a method of bone
2961:
2859:
2844:
2546:
2461:
2451:
2076:
1815:, Index Number: EUR 44/013/2006, Date Published: 5 September 2006, accessed on 8 November 2009
1673:
1613:
1534:
1189:
HRFT publishes Torture Atlas, article in Turkish on 24 April 2008; accessed on 24 October 2009
950:
887:
506:(12 in 1996 and 61 during the action that started in October 2000 and ended in January 2007).
185:
128:
1868:
10th General Report on the CPT's activities covering the period 1 January to 31 December 1999
1728:
can be found on the English pages of the Democratic Turkey Forum; accessed on 8 November 2009
2881:
2606:
2566:
2521:
2431:
2421:
2406:
2050:
1437:
1073:
394:
132:
37:
1927:
1915:
1903:
1891:
1879:
1695:
der türkischen Gerichtsbarkeit zur Folter|Haltung der türkischen Gerichtsbarkeit zur Folter
1456:
1309:"Turkey: Independent monitors must be allowed to access detainees amid torture allegations"
703:
Verdict of the Panel of Chambers at the Military Court of Cassation of 17 February 1983: ".
694:
UN Convention Against Torture And Other Cruel, Inhuman or Degrading Treatment or Punishment
204:, rape, sleep and food deprivation and torturing relatives in the presence of the suspect.
2526:
2446:
2441:
1986:
1844:
This verdict numbered 1982/594-831 and the one above were quoted in the trial against the
1757:
1712:
1596:
1444:
1424:
1401:
1273:
1221:
1122:, issued by the Democratic Resistance of Turkey in August 1972, reproduced as pdf-file by
1104:
1080:
1060:
989:
973:
475:
225:
164:) and rough beatings, prisoners would be held in narrow dark cells often called "coffin" (
1812:
1781:
1212:
491:
1589:
797:
torture and ill-treatment by Turkish law enforcement officials throughout 1995 and 1996.
1770:
1253:
857:
the cases of torture under police custody and in prisons. His reports are published at
217:
124:
85:
72:
published a report entitled Mass Torture and Ill-Treatment in Turkey in June 2017. The
21:
1980:
http://www.freedomfromtorture.org/sites/default/files/documents/FFT_Ann.Rev-2011-f.pdf
1737:
1705:
3112:
2705:
1016:
442:
237:
157:
141:
810:
As of October 2009 the latest report on torture in custody concerns a visit in 2005
68:
has issued critical reports on the extent of torture in Turkey since the 1990s. The
60:
and has continued to issue critical reports, particularly after the outbreak of the
2267:
1642:
Details can be found in the annual reports of the Human Rights Foundation of Turkey
1417:
1053:
966:
911:
that was included in the newsletter of September 1987 is available as images under
450:
257:
140:(TKP) were held here as well as the 40 of 49 Kurds that had been detained in 1959 (
1160:
767:(CPT) has paid regular visits to Turkey since the country signed and ratified the
1551:
1119:
2715:
1254:
Expert Helmut Oberdiek on Human Rights in Germany's internal and foreign affairs
425:
361:
97:
317:: Political prisoners and common criminals are tortured or subjected to cruel,
2273:
1867:
1485:
710:
Verdict of Chamber 3 at the Military Court of Cassation of 14 December 1982: "
1668:
The remarks were taken from the book of Meryem Erdal: İşkence ve Cezasızlık (
1290:"Detainees beaten, tortured and raped after failed Turkey coup, Amnesty says"
744:
2071:
1248:
1237:(Turkish), the chapter on delegations to Turkey, accessed on 8 November 2009
479:
Turkey reported of 39 deaths in prison. In some cases torture was involved.
1681:
1418:İşkencenin kitabı yeniden yazılıyor (The book on torture is written again)
1234:
1177:
press release of 11 September 2001, (Turkish); accessed on 24 October 2009
1784:
EUR 44/009/2006 Date Published: 11 June 2006; accessed on 9 November 2009
1489:
1385:, documented by the Human Rights Association, accessed on 26 October 2009
842:
accusations of torture or mistreatment were given disciplinary sentences.
49:
2024:
1827:
The verdict with numbered 1983/49-43 was quoted Mehmet Semih Gemalmaz:
1505:
1332:"Turkey detainees tortured, raped after failed coup, rights group says"
534:
345:
289:
104:
1993:
1370:"Turkish Justice Ministry denies allegations coup detainees tortured"
357:
353:
349:
76:
estimates there are around one million victims of torture in Turkey.
25:
2726:
1797:
1349:"Turkish and Kurdish detainees tortured, raped – UN rapporteur says"
453:
that enabled him to detect effects of it a long time after torture.
432:, which the Turkish government regards as a terrorist organization.
2321:
722:
Verdict of Izmir State Security Court (SSC) of 29 November 1988: "
258:
Serdar Çelik: Turkey's Killing Machine: The Contra-Guerrilla Force
513:İlhan Erdost, on 7 November 1980 in Mamak Military Prison, Ankara
272:(HRA), founded in 1986 put the figure at 650,000 and in 2008 the
2730:
2325:
1997:
1694:
1427:
article in Evrensel of 12 May 2008; accessed on 25 October 2009
884:
Dersim 1938 ve zorunlu iskân: telgraflar, dilekçeler, mektuplar
1074:
an article of Muhsin Yazıcıoğlu published on 20 September 2009
516:
Ali Sarıbal, on 13 November 1981 in Diyarbakır Military Prison
333:
801:
The report on a visit between 16 and 24 July 2000 concluded:
1894:, (Adopted on 15 December 1992); accessed on 25 October 2009
1174:
Taksim'de Bomba, 12 Eylül Darbesi ve Anayasa Değişiklikleri
1123:
965:
Similar information (page 317 of the book) can be found in
1715:(History of Torture, no date), accessed on 23 October 2009
713:
is being supported by other evidence or material incidents
528:
Engin Ceber, on 10 October 2008 in Metris Prison, İstanbul
276:(HRFT) spoke of one million victims of torture in Turkey.
1063:, no printing date (Turkish); accessed on 24 October 2009
976:, no printing date (Turkish); accessed on 24 October 2009
792:
Four years later another public statement was published.
184:
torture was applied in police centres and centres of the
1906:(issued on 6 December 1996); accessed on 25 October 2009
990:
an article of Demirtaş Ceyhun in BİANET of 3 August 2009
1848:
at Ankara Military Court No. 1 (verdict of 7 April 1987
519:
Bedii Tan, on 17 May 1982 in Diyarbakır Military Prison
1928:
the report on the visit in 2005 dates 6 September 2006
375:
European Committee for the Prevention of Torture (CPT)
1916:
the report on the visit in 2000 dates 8 November 2001
1457:
the report on the visit in 2000 dates 8 November 2001
1407:, article of 7 May 2008; accessed on 25 October 2009
1395:İşkence sokağa taştı! (Torture moves to the streets)
188:
that were jointly used by the secret service called
3058:
3020:
2762:
2655:
2615:
2357:
2240:
2129:
2064:
2031:
945:
Taner Akçam: Siyasi Kültürümüzde Zulüm ve İşkence (
310:: "Torture is widespread and systematic in Turkey."
1326:
1324:
1322:
525:, on 23 January 1984 in Diyarbakır Military Prison
1880:Paragraph 178 of the report dated 11 January 2007
1738:Freedom House, Freedom in the World 2009 - Turkey
1136:Information on Ziverbey Köşkü at turkecebilgi.com
922:
920:
1343:
1341:
1161:Turkey Briefing of Amnesty International in 1988
826:Commission for Enlargement of the European Union
403:European Committee for the Prevention of Torture
56:(AI) first documented Turkish torture after the
1760:the changing periods of detention are explained
947:Oppression and Torture in our Political Culture
509:Some prisoners were beaten to death including:
364:) filed an application against Turkey with the
326:Continuing Violations of Human Rights in Turkey
1284:
1282:
2742:
2337:
2009:
1447:on the website of the Democratic Turkey Forum
8:
1494:Illustrated Reports of Amnesty International
1473:4-page report can be found as scanned images
1003:"3 Mayıs 1944 ve Irkçılık-Turancılık Davası"
815:officials in different parts of the country.
1967:Report of the Special Rapporteur on Torture
1829:Türkiye Yargısının İşkence Karşısında Tavrı
1740:, 16 July 2009; accessed on 23 October 2009
759:The Committee for the Prevention of Torture
2749:
2735:
2727:
2344:
2330:
2322:
2016:
2002:
1994:
1303:
1301:
1299:
24:. After the foundation of the Republic of
1808:
1806:
1664:
1662:
1660:
1658:
1656:
1654:
1652:
1650:
1648:
1467:
1465:
1200:an article in BIANET of 19 September 2002
1115:
1113:
1978:Freedom from Torture Annual Review 2012
1962:
1960:
1823:
1821:
1599:(Turkish); accessed on 18 September 2009
1579:(Turkish); accessed on 17 September 2009
1552:"Turkey: Deaths in Custody - B-Ob8ungen"
1093:
1091:
1089:
984:
982:
927:Mass Torture and Ill-Treatment in Turkey
903:
901:
899:
342:International Federation of Human Rights
321:or punishment, while in police custody."
84:The history of torture goes back to the
1672:), published by the HRFT, Ankara 2005,
1049:
1047:
1045:
1043:
1041:
949:), İletişim Yayınları 172, April 1992,
941:
939:
937:
935:
875:
765:Committee for the Prevention of Torture
66:Committee for the Prevention of Torture
52:became known for torture in the 1940s.
1276:(Turkish), accessed on 8 November 2009
1246:German source: hearing in parliament (
1235:book of Helmut Oberdiek: Dışarıdakiler
1150:(Turkish); accessed on 24 October 2009
1138:(Turkish); accessed on 24 October 2009
1107:(Turkish); accessed on 24 October 2009
1083:(Turkish); accessed on 24 October 2009
992:(Turkish); accessed on 24 October 2009
1792:
1790:
1214:BÖLÜCÜ PKK TERÖR ÖRGÜTÜ VE MÜCADELESİ
16:The widespread and systematic use of
7:
1726:translation of the relevant Articles
1631:pages of the Democratic Turkey Forum
315:Violations of Human Rights in Turkey
279:One of the first measures after the
111:, Nihat Sargın, former chair of the
366:European Commission of Human Rights
338:International Commission of Jurists
1813:Turkey: Justice Delayed and Denied
1682:download a translation as zip-file
1017:"3 Mayıs 1944 ve Türkçülük Davası"
774:Visit from 9 to 21 September 1990
688:Statements extracted under torture
190:National Intelligence Organization
14:
2109:Enhanced interrogation techniques
1629:Annual Report of the HRFT on the
1610:Human Rights Foundation of Turkey
1531:Human Rights Foundation of Turkey
1459:; accessed on 25 >October 2009
1436:As an example see page 31 of the
1187:TİHV, İşkence Atlası'nı Yayınladı
274:Human Rights Foundation of Turkey
252:Report of Talat Turhan to the CHP
240:and İlhami Soysal were tortured.
74:Human Rights Foundation of Turkey
2710:
2701:
2700:
1940:Progress Report on Turkey (2009)
1706:Hasan Doğancı: İşkencenin Tarihi
1098:undated article of Ayhan Alemdar
2299:abuse of psychiatry in the USSR
1633:; accessed on 20 September 2009
254:/ First published on 1 May 1976
90:Committee of Union and Progress
2668:British Indian Ocean Territory
1383:Human Rights Situation in 1999
1256:; accessed on 4 September 2009
332:Besides Amnesty International
319:inhuman or degrading treatment
28:, torture of civilians by the
1:
3124:Human rights abuses in Turkey
1969:; accessed on 25 October 2009
1954:; accessed on 25 October 2009
1942:, accessed on 24 October 2009
1930:; accessed on 25 October 2009
1918:; accessed on 25 October 2009
1882:; accessed on 25 October 2009
1870:; accessed on 25 October 2009
1800:, accessed on 8 November 2009
1202:; accessed on 26 October 2009
1163:; accessed on 24 October 2009
1126:; accessed on 8 November 2009
745:Fair trial concerns in Turkey
123:, 23 nationalists, including
1484:The articles in the dailies
929:stockholmcf.org 6 June 2016
751:Reports on torture in Turkey
92:used the place known as the
70:Stockholm Center for Freedom
2304:Torture of gays in Chechnya
1506:"List of Deaths in Custody"
1148:blog entry of 25 March 2008
913:File on Torture in Pictures
264:Torture after the 1980 coup
3145:
1904:Public Statement on Turkey
1892:Public statement on Turkey
1846:Nationalist Movement Party
1771:Verkürzung der Polizeihaft
1233:For some examples see the
886:, Dipnot Yayınları, 2009,
820:Other international bodies
381:
194:Special Warfare Department
152:) were tortured after the
36:was widespread during the
2696:
1590:of Gündem of 14 July 2008
1311:. amnesty. Archived from
1079:24 September 2009 at the
138:Communist Party of Turkey
44:police headquarters and
3129:Discrimination in Turkey
2417:East Timor (Timor-Leste)
2294:2022 invasion of Ukraine
1252:) on 11 and 12 May 1993
833:cause for great concern.
658:1980 Turkish coup d'état
384:2016 coup d'état attempt
270:Human Rights Association
182:1971 Turkish coup d'état
154:1980 Turkish coup d'état
62:Kurdish-Turkish conflict
58:1971 Turkish coup d'état
2678:Cocos (Keeling) Islands
1769:In German explained at
1588:See the online edition
113:Workers Party of Turkey
2805:Bosnia and Herzegovina
1159:First sentence of the
409:The Turkish President
176:Torture after March 12
121:Racism-Turanism trials
1952:2008 report on Turkey
1492:can also be found as
1211:The article entitled
399:right to a fair trial
391:Amnesty International
54:Amnesty International
2592:United Arab Emirates
2232:United Arab Emirates
1833:A German translation
1670:Torture and Impunity
1595:11 July 2011 at the
865:Freedom from Torture
656:Five days after the
411:Recep Tayyip Erdoğan
308:Testimony on Torture
30:Turkish Armed Forces
3021:States with limited
2619:limited recognition
652:Length of detention
523:Necmettin Büyükkaya
370:friendly settlement
212:The Ziverbey Estate
48:Military Prison in
2025:Torture by country
1985:2016-03-30 at the
1756:2010-04-30 at the
1751:İşkence azaldı mı?
1711:2010-10-31 at the
1577:Annual Report 2008
1443:2012-02-26 at the
1423:2008-08-04 at the
1400:2009-12-26 at the
1272:2010-04-30 at the
1267:İşkence azaldı mı?
1220:2011-09-11 at the
1103:2013-12-07 at the
1059:2011-07-27 at the
972:2011-07-27 at the
692:Article 15 of the
382:Torture after the
64:in the 1980s. The
3119:Torture in Turkey
3106:
3105:
2757:Torture in Europe
2724:
2723:
2661:other territories
2319:
2318:
2176:Jammu and Kashmir
892:978-975-9051-75-4
609:
608:
588:26 September 1999
577:24 September 1996
569:Ümraniye/Istanbul
555:12 September 1995
484:Diyarbakır Prison
465:Deaths in custody
198:Özel Harp Dairesi
186:Counter-Guerrilla
142:de:Prozess der 49
129:Zeki Velidi Togan
20:goes back to the
18:torture in Turkey
3136:
3059:Dependencies and
2763:Sovereign states
2751:
2744:
2737:
2728:
2714:
2704:
2703:
2673:Christmas Island
2359:Sovereign states
2346:
2339:
2332:
2323:
2203:Ferdinand Marcos
2018:
2011:
2004:
1995:
1989:
1976:
1970:
1964:
1955:
1949:
1943:
1937:
1931:
1925:
1919:
1913:
1907:
1901:
1895:
1889:
1883:
1877:
1871:
1864:
1858:
1855:
1849:
1842:
1836:
1825:
1816:
1810:
1801:
1794:
1785:
1779:
1773:
1767:
1761:
1747:
1741:
1735:
1729:
1722:
1716:
1703:
1697:
1690:
1684:
1666:
1643:
1640:
1634:
1627:
1621:
1606:
1600:
1586:
1580:
1573:
1567:
1566:
1564:
1562:
1548:
1542:
1541:, pages 51 to 68
1527:
1521:
1520:
1518:
1516:
1502:
1496:
1482:
1476:
1469:
1460:
1454:
1448:
1434:
1428:
1414:
1408:
1406:
1392:
1386:
1380:
1374:
1373:
1366:
1360:
1359:
1357:
1355:
1345:
1336:
1335:
1328:
1317:
1316:
1315:on 29 July 2016.
1305:
1294:
1293:
1286:
1277:
1265:See the article
1263:
1257:
1244:
1238:
1231:
1225:
1209:
1203:
1196:
1190:
1184:
1178:
1170:
1164:
1157:
1151:
1145:
1139:
1133:
1127:
1117:
1108:
1095:
1084:
1070:
1064:
1051:
1036:
1035:
1033:
1031:
1021:
1013:
1007:
1006:
1005:. 29 April 2019.
999:
993:
986:
977:
963:
957:
943:
930:
924:
915:
905:
894:
880:
734:from court files
599:19 December 2000
591:Ulucanlar/Ankara
535:
395:stress positions
281:1980 coup d'état
226:İstanbul-Erenköy
224:) is a place in
168:) or isolation (
38:Dersim rebellion
3144:
3143:
3139:
3138:
3137:
3135:
3134:
3133:
3109:
3108:
3107:
3102:
3060:
3054:
3040:Northern Cyprus
3022:
3016:
2937:North Macedonia
2758:
2755:
2725:
2720:
2692:
2660:
2651:
2632:Northern Cyprus
2618:
2611:
2353:
2352:Torture in Asia
2350:
2320:
2315:
2236:
2159:Pahlavi dynasty
2125:
2060:
2027:
2022:
1992:
1987:Wayback Machine
1977:
1973:
1965:
1958:
1950:
1946:
1938:
1934:
1926:
1922:
1914:
1910:
1902:
1898:
1890:
1886:
1878:
1874:
1865:
1861:
1856:
1852:
1843:
1839:
1826:
1819:
1811:
1804:
1795:
1788:
1780:
1776:
1768:
1764:
1758:Wayback Machine
1749:In the article
1748:
1744:
1736:
1732:
1723:
1719:
1713:Wayback Machine
1704:
1700:
1691:
1687:
1667:
1646:
1641:
1637:
1628:
1624:
1607:
1603:
1597:Wayback Machine
1587:
1583:
1574:
1570:
1560:
1558:
1550:
1549:
1545:
1528:
1524:
1514:
1512:
1504:
1503:
1499:
1483:
1479:
1470:
1463:
1455:
1451:
1445:Wayback Machine
1438:Report for 2006
1435:
1431:
1425:Wayback Machine
1415:
1411:
1404:
1402:Wayback Machine
1393:
1389:
1381:
1377:
1368:
1367:
1363:
1353:
1351:
1347:
1346:
1339:
1330:
1329:
1320:
1307:
1306:
1297:
1288:
1287:
1280:
1274:Wayback Machine
1264:
1260:
1245:
1241:
1232:
1228:
1222:Wayback Machine
1210:
1206:
1197:
1193:
1185:
1181:
1171:
1167:
1158:
1154:
1146:
1142:
1134:
1130:
1118:
1111:
1105:Wayback Machine
1096:
1087:
1081:Wayback Machine
1071:
1067:
1061:Wayback Machine
1052:
1039:
1029:
1027:
1019:
1015:
1014:
1010:
1001:
1000:
996:
987:
980:
974:Wayback Machine
964:
960:
944:
933:
925:
918:
909:File on Torture
906:
897:
882:Hüseyin Aygün,
881:
877:
873:
822:
761:
753:
690:
654:
614:
476:medical neglect
467:
438:
387:
313:February 1986,
301:File on Torture
266:
218:Ziverbey Estate
214:
178:
94:Bekirağa Bölüğü
82:
12:
11:
5:
3142:
3140:
3132:
3131:
3126:
3121:
3111:
3110:
3104:
3103:
3101:
3100:
3095:
3090:
3085:
3080:
3075:
3070:
3064:
3062:
3061:other entities
3056:
3055:
3053:
3052:
3047:
3042:
3037:
3032:
3026:
3024:
3018:
3017:
3015:
3014:
3012:United Kingdom
3009:
3004:
2999:
2994:
2989:
2984:
2979:
2974:
2969:
2964:
2959:
2954:
2949:
2944:
2939:
2934:
2929:
2924:
2919:
2914:
2909:
2904:
2899:
2894:
2889:
2884:
2879:
2877:
2872:
2867:
2862:
2857:
2852:
2847:
2842:
2837:
2832:
2827:
2825:Czech Republic
2822:
2817:
2812:
2807:
2802:
2797:
2792:
2787:
2782:
2777:
2772:
2766:
2764:
2760:
2759:
2756:
2754:
2753:
2746:
2739:
2731:
2722:
2721:
2719:
2718:
2708:
2697:
2694:
2693:
2691:
2690:
2685:
2680:
2675:
2670:
2664:
2662:
2653:
2652:
2650:
2649:
2644:
2639:
2634:
2629:
2623:
2621:
2613:
2612:
2610:
2609:
2604:
2599:
2594:
2589:
2584:
2579:
2574:
2569:
2564:
2559:
2554:
2549:
2544:
2539:
2534:
2529:
2524:
2519:
2514:
2509:
2504:
2499:
2494:
2489:
2484:
2479:
2474:
2469:
2464:
2459:
2454:
2449:
2444:
2439:
2434:
2429:
2424:
2419:
2414:
2409:
2404:
2399:
2394:
2389:
2384:
2379:
2374:
2369:
2363:
2361:
2355:
2354:
2351:
2349:
2348:
2341:
2334:
2326:
2317:
2316:
2314:
2313:
2308:
2307:
2306:
2301:
2296:
2286:
2281:
2280:
2279:
2278:
2277:
2265:
2255:
2250:
2244:
2242:
2238:
2237:
2235:
2234:
2229:
2224:
2223:
2222:
2212:
2207:
2206:
2205:
2195:
2190:
2189:
2188:
2178:
2173:
2168:
2167:
2166:
2161:
2151:
2150:
2149:
2139:
2133:
2131:
2127:
2126:
2124:
2123:
2118:
2117:
2116:
2111:
2101:
2096:
2091:
2090:
2089:
2079:
2074:
2068:
2066:
2062:
2061:
2059:
2058:
2053:
2048:
2047:
2046:
2035:
2033:
2029:
2028:
2023:
2021:
2020:
2013:
2006:
1998:
1991:
1990:
1971:
1956:
1944:
1932:
1920:
1908:
1896:
1884:
1872:
1859:
1850:
1837:
1817:
1802:
1798:online edition
1786:
1774:
1762:
1742:
1730:
1717:
1698:
1685:
1644:
1635:
1622:
1608:Report of the
1601:
1581:
1568:
1543:
1529:Report of the
1522:
1497:
1477:
1461:
1449:
1429:
1409:
1387:
1375:
1361:
1337:
1318:
1295:
1292:. independent.
1278:
1258:
1239:
1226:
1204:
1191:
1179:
1165:
1152:
1140:
1128:
1120:File on Turkey
1109:
1085:
1065:
1037:
1008:
994:
978:
958:
931:
916:
895:
874:
872:
869:
854:
853:
844:
843:
835:
834:
821:
818:
817:
816:
808:
807:
799:
798:
790:
789:
781:
780:
760:
757:
752:
749:
738:
737:
728:
720:
716:
708:
689:
686:
653:
650:
613:
610:
607:
606:
603:
600:
596:
595:
592:
589:
585:
584:
581:
578:
574:
573:
570:
567:
566:4 January 1996
563:
562:
559:
556:
552:
551:
546:
541:
530:
529:
526:
520:
517:
514:
504:F-type prisons
474:strikes while
466:
463:
437:
434:
386:
380:
330:
329:
322:
311:
304:
265:
262:
261:
260:
255:
248:
247:
234:Doğan Avcıoğlu
222:Ziverbey Köşkü
213:
210:
177:
174:
86:Ottoman Empire
81:
78:
34:Turkish police
22:Ottoman Empire
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
3141:
3130:
3127:
3125:
3122:
3120:
3117:
3116:
3114:
3099:
3096:
3094:
3091:
3089:
3086:
3084:
3081:
3079:
3076:
3074:
3073:Faroe Islands
3071:
3069:
3066:
3065:
3063:
3057:
3051:
3048:
3046:
3045:South Ossetia
3043:
3041:
3038:
3036:
3033:
3031:
3028:
3027:
3025:
3019:
3013:
3010:
3008:
3005:
3003:
3000:
2998:
2995:
2993:
2990:
2988:
2985:
2983:
2980:
2978:
2975:
2973:
2970:
2968:
2965:
2963:
2960:
2958:
2955:
2953:
2950:
2948:
2945:
2943:
2940:
2938:
2935:
2933:
2930:
2928:
2925:
2923:
2920:
2918:
2915:
2913:
2910:
2908:
2905:
2903:
2900:
2898:
2897:Liechtenstein
2895:
2893:
2890:
2888:
2885:
2883:
2880:
2878:
2876:
2873:
2871:
2868:
2866:
2863:
2861:
2858:
2856:
2853:
2851:
2848:
2846:
2843:
2841:
2838:
2836:
2833:
2831:
2828:
2826:
2823:
2821:
2818:
2816:
2813:
2811:
2808:
2806:
2803:
2801:
2798:
2796:
2793:
2791:
2788:
2786:
2783:
2781:
2778:
2776:
2773:
2771:
2768:
2767:
2765:
2761:
2752:
2747:
2745:
2740:
2738:
2733:
2732:
2729:
2717:
2713:
2709:
2707:
2699:
2698:
2695:
2689:
2686:
2684:
2681:
2679:
2676:
2674:
2671:
2669:
2666:
2665:
2663:
2658:
2654:
2648:
2645:
2643:
2642:South Ossetia
2640:
2638:
2635:
2633:
2630:
2628:
2625:
2624:
2622:
2620:
2614:
2608:
2605:
2603:
2600:
2598:
2595:
2593:
2590:
2588:
2585:
2583:
2580:
2578:
2575:
2573:
2570:
2568:
2565:
2563:
2560:
2558:
2555:
2553:
2550:
2548:
2545:
2543:
2540:
2538:
2535:
2533:
2530:
2528:
2525:
2523:
2520:
2518:
2515:
2513:
2510:
2508:
2505:
2503:
2500:
2498:
2495:
2493:
2490:
2488:
2485:
2483:
2480:
2478:
2475:
2473:
2470:
2468:
2465:
2463:
2460:
2458:
2455:
2453:
2450:
2448:
2445:
2443:
2440:
2438:
2435:
2433:
2430:
2428:
2425:
2423:
2420:
2418:
2415:
2413:
2410:
2408:
2405:
2403:
2400:
2398:
2395:
2393:
2390:
2388:
2385:
2383:
2380:
2378:
2375:
2373:
2370:
2368:
2365:
2364:
2362:
2360:
2356:
2347:
2342:
2340:
2335:
2333:
2328:
2327:
2324:
2312:
2309:
2305:
2302:
2300:
2297:
2295:
2292:
2291:
2290:
2287:
2285:
2282:
2276:
2275:
2271:
2270:
2269:
2266:
2264:
2261:
2260:
2259:
2256:
2254:
2251:
2249:
2246:
2245:
2243:
2239:
2233:
2230:
2228:
2225:
2221:
2218:
2217:
2216:
2213:
2211:
2208:
2204:
2201:
2200:
2199:
2196:
2194:
2191:
2187:
2184:
2183:
2182:
2179:
2177:
2174:
2172:
2169:
2165:
2162:
2160:
2157:
2156:
2155:
2152:
2148:
2145:
2144:
2143:
2140:
2138:
2135:
2134:
2132:
2128:
2122:
2119:
2115:
2112:
2110:
2107:
2106:
2105:
2104:United States
2102:
2100:
2097:
2095:
2092:
2088:
2085:
2084:
2083:
2080:
2078:
2075:
2073:
2070:
2069:
2067:
2063:
2057:
2054:
2052:
2049:
2045:
2042:
2041:
2040:
2037:
2036:
2034:
2030:
2026:
2019:
2014:
2012:
2007:
2005:
2000:
1999:
1996:
1988:
1984:
1981:
1975:
1972:
1968:
1963:
1961:
1957:
1953:
1948:
1945:
1941:
1936:
1933:
1929:
1924:
1921:
1917:
1912:
1909:
1905:
1900:
1897:
1893:
1888:
1885:
1881:
1876:
1873:
1869:
1863:
1860:
1854:
1851:
1847:
1841:
1838:
1834:
1830:
1824:
1822:
1818:
1814:
1809:
1807:
1803:
1799:
1793:
1791:
1787:
1783:
1778:
1775:
1772:
1766:
1763:
1759:
1755:
1752:
1746:
1743:
1739:
1734:
1731:
1727:
1721:
1718:
1714:
1710:
1707:
1702:
1699:
1696:
1689:
1686:
1683:
1679:
1678:975-7217-46-8
1675:
1671:
1665:
1663:
1661:
1659:
1657:
1655:
1653:
1651:
1649:
1645:
1639:
1636:
1632:
1626:
1623:
1619:
1615:
1611:
1605:
1602:
1598:
1594:
1591:
1585:
1582:
1578:
1572:
1569:
1557:
1556:ob.nubati.net
1553:
1547:
1544:
1540:
1536:
1532:
1526:
1523:
1511:
1510:ob.nubati.net
1507:
1501:
1498:
1495:
1491:
1487:
1481:
1478:
1474:
1468:
1466:
1462:
1458:
1453:
1450:
1446:
1442:
1439:
1433:
1430:
1426:
1422:
1419:
1413:
1410:
1403:
1399:
1396:
1391:
1388:
1384:
1379:
1376:
1372:. dailysabah.
1371:
1365:
1362:
1350:
1344:
1342:
1338:
1333:
1327:
1325:
1323:
1319:
1314:
1310:
1304:
1302:
1300:
1296:
1291:
1285:
1283:
1279:
1275:
1271:
1268:
1262:
1259:
1255:
1251:
1250:
1243:
1240:
1236:
1230:
1227:
1223:
1219:
1216:
1215:
1208:
1205:
1201:
1195:
1192:
1188:
1183:
1180:
1176:
1175:
1169:
1166:
1162:
1156:
1153:
1149:
1144:
1141:
1137:
1132:
1129:
1125:
1121:
1116:
1114:
1110:
1106:
1102:
1099:
1094:
1092:
1090:
1086:
1082:
1078:
1075:
1069:
1066:
1062:
1058:
1055:
1050:
1048:
1046:
1044:
1042:
1038:
1025:
1018:
1012:
1009:
1004:
998:
995:
991:
985:
983:
979:
975:
971:
968:
962:
959:
956:
955:975-470-249-7
952:
948:
942:
940:
938:
936:
932:
928:
923:
921:
917:
914:
910:
904:
902:
900:
896:
893:
889:
885:
879:
876:
870:
868:
866:
862:
860:
859:OHCHR website
850:
849:
848:
840:
839:
838:
831:
830:
829:
827:
819:
813:
812:
811:
804:
803:
802:
795:
794:
793:
786:
785:
784:
777:
776:
775:
772:
770:
766:
763:The European
758:
756:
750:
748:
746:
742:
735:
729:
726:
721:
717:
714:
709:
706:
702:
701:
700:
697:
695:
687:
685:
681:
677:
673:
669:
666:
665:
664:incommunicado
659:
651:
649:
645:
641:
639:
633:
629:
625:
621:
619:
611:
604:
601:
598:
597:
593:
590:
587:
586:
582:
579:
576:
575:
571:
568:
565:
564:
560:
557:
554:
553:
550:
547:
545:
542:
540:
537:
536:
533:
527:
524:
521:
518:
515:
512:
511:
510:
507:
505:
500:
497:
493:
489:
485:
480:
477:
471:
464:
462:
460:
454:
452:
448:
444:
443:Foot whipping
435:
433:
431:
427:
423:
418:
414:
412:
407:
404:
400:
396:
392:
389:According to
385:
379:
376:
371:
367:
363:
359:
355:
351:
347:
343:
339:
335:
327:
323:
320:
316:
312:
309:
305:
302:
298:
297:
296:
293:
291:
287:
282:
277:
275:
271:
263:
259:
256:
253:
250:
249:
246:
243:
242:
241:
239:
235:
231:
227:
223:
219:
211:
209:
205:
203:
199:
195:
191:
187:
183:
175:
173:
171:
167:
163:
159:
155:
151:
147:
143:
139:
134:
133:Nejdet Sançar
130:
126:
122:
119:. During the
118:
114:
110:
106:
101:
99:
95:
91:
87:
79:
77:
75:
71:
67:
63:
59:
55:
51:
47:
43:
42:Sansaryan Han
39:
35:
31:
27:
23:
19:
3050:Transnistria
3001:
2657:Dependencies
2587:Turkmenistan
2581:
2552:Saudi Arabia
2272:
2268:East Germany
2226:
2210:Saudi Arabia
2044:Algerian War
1974:
1947:
1935:
1923:
1911:
1899:
1887:
1875:
1862:
1853:
1840:
1835:is available
1828:
1777:
1765:
1745:
1733:
1720:
1701:
1688:
1669:
1638:
1625:
1604:
1584:
1571:
1559:. Retrieved
1555:
1546:
1525:
1513:. Retrieved
1509:
1500:
1480:
1452:
1432:
1412:
1405:(in Turkish)
1390:
1378:
1364:
1352:. Retrieved
1313:the original
1261:
1247:
1242:
1229:
1213:
1207:
1194:
1182:
1173:
1168:
1155:
1143:
1131:
1068:
1028:. Retrieved
1026:(in Turkish)
1023:
1011:
997:
961:
946:
908:
883:
878:
863:
855:
845:
836:
823:
809:
800:
791:
782:
773:
762:
754:
740:
739:
732:
723:
711:
704:
698:
691:
682:
678:
674:
670:
662:
655:
646:
642:
637:
634:
630:
626:
622:
617:
615:
548:
543:
538:
531:
508:
501:
492:Mazlum Doğan
481:
472:
468:
458:
455:
451:scintigraphy
446:
439:
419:
415:
408:
388:
336:such as the
331:
325:
314:
307:
300:
294:
285:
278:
267:
244:
230:İlhan Selçuk
221:
215:
206:
201:
197:
179:
169:
165:
161:
149:
117:Nâzım Hikmet
109:Attilâ İlhan
102:
83:
17:
15:
3088:Isle of Man
3023:recognition
2997:Switzerland
2932:Netherlands
2716:Asia portal
2617:States with
2537:Philippines
2477:South Korea
2472:North Korea
2367:Afghanistan
2284:Netherlands
2198:Philippines
2181:North Korea
1024:ulkunet.com
612:Legislation
426:Nils Melzer
362:Netherlands
324:July 1987,
306:July 1985,
146:Grey Wolves
125:Nihal Atsız
3113:Categories
2967:San Marino
2927:Montenegro
2907:Luxembourg
2887:Kazakhstan
2790:Azerbaijan
2597:Uzbekistan
2572:Tajikistan
2487:Kyrgyzstan
2467:Kazakhstan
2387:Bangladesh
2377:Azerbaijan
2274:Zersetzung
2114:Guantanamo
1680:; you can
1618:9757217093
1539:9757217093
1486:Cumhuriyet
871:References
852:treatment.
602:20 prisons
580:Diyarbakır
558:Buca/Izmir
445:(Turkish:
373:Later the
299:May 1984,
238:Uğur Mumcu
196:(Turkish:
180:After the
156:. Besides
3078:Gibraltar
2902:Lithuania
2683:Hong Kong
2637:Palestine
2562:Sri Lanka
2557:Singapore
2437:Indonesia
2220:Civil war
2193:Palestine
2164:Post-1979
2121:Venezuela
2099:Guatemala
2072:Argentina
1620:, page 68
1561:12 August
1515:12 August
1416:Also see
1249:Bundestag
1124:Info-Turk
158:bastinado
115:and poet
3098:Svalbard
3083:Guernsey
3030:Abkhazia
2982:Slovenia
2977:Slovakia
2952:Portugal
2810:Bulgaria
2706:Category
2627:Abkhazia
2577:Thailand
2532:Pakistan
2512:Mongolia
2507:Maldives
2502:Malaysia
2402:Cambodia
2263:Nazi-era
2147:Xinjiang
2087:Pinochet
2065:Americas
2056:Zimbabwe
1983:Archived
1866:See the
1754:Archived
1709:Archived
1593:Archived
1575:See the
1490:Milliyet
1441:Archived
1421:Archived
1398:Archived
1270:Archived
1218:Archived
1101:Archived
1077:Archived
1057:Archived
970:Archived
741:See also
360:and the
340:and the
286:komünist
245:See also
192:and the
166:tabutluk
98:Rıza Nur
50:Istanbul
3007:Ukraine
2957:Romania
2917:Moldova
2875:Ireland
2870:Iceland
2865:Hungary
2855:Germany
2850:Georgia
2840:Finland
2835:Estonia
2830:Denmark
2815:Croatia
2800:Belgium
2795:Belarus
2785:Austria
2780:Armenia
2775:Andorra
2770:Albania
2602:Vietnam
2517:Myanmar
2497:Lebanon
2427:Georgia
2382:Bahrain
2372:Armenia
2311:Ukraine
2258:Germany
2248:Albania
2186:Prisons
2137:Bahrain
2039:Algeria
1354:24 July
1030:24 July
779:Turkey.
490:member
436:Methods
346:Denmark
290:Erzurum
105:Sirkeci
80:History
46:Harbiye
3093:Jersey
3035:Kosovo
3002:Turkey
2992:Sweden
2972:Serbia
2962:Russia
2947:Poland
2942:Norway
2922:Monaco
2892:Latvia
2860:Greece
2845:France
2820:Cyprus
2647:Taiwan
2582:Turkey
2547:Russia
2482:Kuwait
2462:Jordan
2452:Israel
2412:Cyprus
2397:Brunei
2392:Bhutan
2289:Russia
2253:France
2241:Europe
2227:Turkey
2171:Israel
2077:Brazil
2032:Africa
1676:
1616:
1537:
1334:. cnn.
953:
890:
638:eziyet
549:Deaths
544:Prison
447:falaka
358:France
354:Sweden
350:Norway
202:falaka
170:tecrit
162:falaka
150:ülkücü
88:. The
40:. The
26:Turkey
3068:Åland
2987:Spain
2912:Malta
2882:Italy
2688:Macau
2607:Yemen
2567:Syria
2542:Qatar
2522:Nepal
2457:Japan
2432:India
2422:Egypt
2407:China
2215:Syria
2142:China
2082:Chile
2051:Egypt
1020:(PDF)
806:area.
2527:Oman
2492:Laos
2447:Iraq
2442:Iran
2154:Iran
2130:Asia
2094:Cuba
1674:ISBN
1614:ISBN
1563:2019
1535:ISBN
1517:2019
1488:and
1356:2023
1198:See
1072:See
1032:2023
988:See
951:ISBN
907:The
888:ISBN
824:The
539:Date
486:the
430:FETÖ
420:The
334:NGOs
216:The
32:and
2659:and
605:30
594:10
583:10
496:PKK
488:PKK
482:In
172:).
3115::
1959:^
1820:^
1805:^
1789:^
1724:A
1647:^
1554:.
1508:.
1464:^
1340:^
1321:^
1298:^
1281:^
1112:^
1088:^
1040:^
1022:.
981:^
934:^
919:^
898:^
861:.
743::
736:."
715:."
707:."
572:4
561:3
461:.
424:,
356:,
352:,
348:,
236:,
232:,
131:,
127:,
2750:e
2743:t
2736:v
2345:e
2338:t
2331:v
2017:e
2010:t
2003:v
1565:.
1519:.
1475:.
1358:.
1034:.
731:"
727:"
661:(
636:(
220:(
160:(
148:(
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.