56:
946:, seeing no other way of turning men from the fear of God, but to bring them into a constant dependence on his power... Now the multitude were very ready to follow the determination of Nimrod and to esteem it a piece of cowardice to submit to God; and they built a tower, neither sparing any pains, nor being in any degree negligent about the work: and, by reason of the multitude of hands employed in it, it grew very high, sooner than any one could expect; but the thickness of it was so great, and it was so strongly built, that thereby its great height seemed, upon the view, to be less than it really was. It was built of burnt brick, cemented together with mortar, made of
950:, that it might not be liable to admit water. When God saw that they acted so madly, he did not resolve to destroy them utterly, since they were not grown wiser by the destruction of the former sinners ; but he caused a tumult among them, by producing in them diverse languages, and causing that, through the multitude of those languages, they should not be able to understand one another. The place wherein they built the tower is now called Babylon, because of the confusion of that language which they readily understood before; for the Hebrews mean by the word Babel, confusion. The
538:(2,000 kg per cubic metre) and the crushing strength of these materials is generally rather better than 6,000 lbs per square inch or 40 mega-pascals. Elementary arithmetic shows that a tower with parallel walls could have been built to a height of 2.1 km (1.3 mi) before the bricks at the bottom were crushed. However, by making the walls taper towards the top they ... could well have been built to a height where the men of Shinnar would run short of oxygen and had difficulty in breathing before the brick walls crushed beneath their own dead weight."
1247:
1031:
1927:. He wrote that he was told when the light of the Sun first appeared upon the land, giants appeared and set off in search of the Sun. Not finding it, they built a tower to reach the sky. An angered God of the Heavens called upon the inhabitants of the sky, who destroyed the tower and scattered its inhabitants. The story was not related to either a flood or the confusion of languages, although Frazer connects its construction and the scattering of the giants with the Tower of Babel.
310:
1865:
2147:, in a flashback, plays upon themes of lack of communication between the designers of the tower and the workers who are constructing it. The short scene states how the words used to glorify the tower's construction by its designers took on totally different, oppressive meanings to the workers. This led to its destruction as they rose up against the designers because of the insufferable working conditions. The appearance of the tower was modeled after
547:
4929:
2404:
1197:
1167:. Church apologists have also supported this connection and argue the reality of the Tower of Babel: "Although there are many in our day who consider the accounts of the Flood and tower of Babel to be fiction, Latter-day Saints affirm their reality." In either case, the church firmly believes in the factual nature of at least one "great tower" built in the region of ancient Sumer/Assyria/Babylonia.
664:
1510:) provides 15 names for Japheth's descendants, 30 for Ham's, and 27 for Shem's, these figures became established as the 72 languages resulting from the confusion at Babel—although the exact listing of these languages changed over time. (The LXX Bible has two additional names, Elisa and Cainan, not found in the Masoretic text of this chapter, so early rabbinic traditions, such as the
2418:
971:, describes the just rewards of sinners and the righteous in the afterlife. Among the sinners are those who instigated the Tower of Babel. In the account, Baruch is first taken (in a vision) to see the resting place of the souls of "those who built the tower of strife against God, and the Lord banished them." Next he is shown another place, and there, occupying the form of dogs,
1192:
be protected from the turbulent chaos. And the womb planned these things according to my will, that she might pour forth completely. A tower came to be through the demons. The darkness was disturbed by his loss. He loosened the muscles of the womb. And the demon who was going to enter the tower was protected so that the races might continue to acquire coherence through him.
902:
2432:
1399:). Beginning in Renaissance Europe, priority over Hebrew was claimed for the alleged Japhetic languages, which were supposedly never corrupted because their speakers had not participated in the construction of the Tower of Babel. Among the candidates for a living descendant of the Adamic language were:
345:) resulting from the construction of the Tower of Babel accounts for the fragmentation of human languages: God was concerned that humans had blasphemed by building the tower to avoid a second flood and so God brought into existence multiple languages, rendering humanity unable to understand each other.
3330:, p. 11 "How much history lies behind the story of Genesis? Because the action of the primeval story is not represented as taking place on the plane of ordinary human history and has so many affinities with ancient mythology, it is very far-fetched to speak of its narratives as historical at all."
1191:
And he caused the flood, and he destroyed your (Shem's) race, to take the light and to take away from faith. But I proclaimed quickly by the mouth of the demon that a tower come up to be up to the particle of light, which was left in the demons and their race - which was water - that the demon might
998:
offers many different accounts of other causes for building the Tower of Babel, and of the intentions of its builders. According to one midrash the builders of the Tower, called "the generation of secession" in the Jewish sources, said: "God has no right to choose the upper world for
Himself, and to
518:
provides yet another figure – quoting
Isidore, he says that the tower was 5,164 paces high, or 7.6 km (4.7 mi), and quoting Josephus that the tower was wider than it was high, more like a mountain than a tower. He also quotes unnamed authors who say that the spiral path was so wide that it
364:
explained this apparent contradiction by arguing that the story "without mentioning it, goes back to tell how it came about that the one language common to all men was broken up into many tongues". Modern scholarship has traditionally held that the two chapters were written by different sources, the
265:
Now the whole earth had one language and the same words. And as they migrated from the east, they came upon a plain in the land of Shinar and settled there. And they said to one another, "Come, let us make bricks and fire them thoroughly." And they had brick for stone and bitumen for mortar. Then
941:
Now it was Nimrod who excited them to such an affront and contempt of God. He was the grandson of Ham, the son of Noah, a bold man, and of great strength of hand. He persuaded them not to ascribe it to God as if it were through his means they were happy, but to believe that it was their own courage
404:
There have been some contemporary challenges to this classical interpretation, with emphasis placed on the explicit motive of cultural and linguistic homogeneity mentioned in the narrative (v. 1, 4, 6); this reading of the text sees God's actions not as a punishment for pride, but as an etiology of
274:
said, "Look, they are one people, and they have all one language, and this is only the beginning of what they will do; nothing that they propose to do will now be impossible for them. Come, let us go down and confuse their language there, so that they will not understand one another's speech." So
1273:
In the biblical introduction of the Tower of Babel account, in
Genesis 11:1, it is said that everyone on Earth spoke the same language, but this is inconsistent with the biblical description of the post-Noahic world described in Genesis 10:5, where it is said that the descendants of Shem, Ham, and
975:
Those who gave counsel to build the tower, for they whom thou seest drove forth multitudes of both men and women, to make bricks; among whom, a woman making bricks was not allowed to be released in the hour of child-birth, but brought forth while she was making bricks, and carried her child in her
1009:
The building of the Tower was meant to bid defiance not only to God, but also to
Abraham, who exhorted the builders to reverence. The passage mentions that the builders spoke sharp words against God, saying that once every 1,656 years, heaven tottered so that the water poured down upon the earth,
830:
And they began to build, and in the fourth week they made brick with fire, and the bricks served them for stone, and the clay with which they cemented them together was asphalt which comes out of the sea, and out of the fountains of water in the land of Shinar. And they built it: forty and three
954:
also makes mention of this tower, and of the confusion of the language, when she says thus:—"When all men were of one language, some of them built a high tower, as if they would thereby ascend up to heaven; but the gods sent storms of wind and overthrew the tower, and gave everyone a peculiar
1013:
Some among that generation even wanted to war against God in heaven (Talmud
Sanhedrin 109a). They were encouraged in this undertaking by the notion that arrows that they shot into the sky fell back dripping with blood, so that the people really believed that they could wage war against the
1361:(c. 1308–1320), however, Dante changes his view to another that treats the Adamic language as the product of Adam. This had the consequence that it could no longer be regarded as immutable, and hence Hebrew could not be regarded as identical with the language of Paradise. Dante concludes (
936:
and mentioned the Tower of Babel. He wrote that it was Nimrod who had the tower built and that Nimrod was a tyrant who tried to turn the people away from God. In this account, God confused the people rather than destroying them because annihilation with a Flood had not taught them to be
1902:
Rendering the heights of heaven no safer than the earth, they say the giants attempted to take the
Celestial kingdom, piling mountains up to the distant stars. Then the all-powerful father of the gods hurled his bolt of lightning, fractured Olympus and threw Mount Pelion down from Ossa
1457:
wrote a satirical tract in 1688, where he made fun of the contest between the
European nationalists to claim their native tongue as the Adamic language. Caricaturing the attempts by the Swede Olaus Rudbeck to pronounce Swedish the original language of mankind, Kempe wrote a scathing
491:
are situated on each side, which make in all one hundred. The doors of these gates, which are of wonderful size, are cast in bronze. The same historian tells many other tales of this city, and says: 'Although such was the glory of its building still it was conquered and destroyed.'"
2255:, the Tower of Babel is used by the Atlanteans as an interstellar communication device. Later in the series, the Neo Atlanteans rebuild the Tower of Babel and use its communication beam as a weapon of mass destruction. Both the original and the rebuilt tower resembles the painting
1818:(14th century). Villani adds that it "was begun 700 years after the Flood, and there were 2,354 years from the beginning of the world to the confusion of the Tower of Babel. And we find that they were 107 years working at it; and men lived long in those times". According to the
2162:. In his retelling, Oakeshott expresses disdain for human willingness to sacrifice individuality, culture, and quality of life for grand collective projects. He attributes this behavior to fascination with novelty, persistent dissatisfaction, greed, and lack of self-reflection.
1609:) mentions the number of 72; however, his list of names from the Bible drops the sons of Joktan and substitutes the sons of Abraham and Lot, resulting in only about 56 names total; he then appends a list of some of the nations known in his own day, such as the
615:
and not as an historical account of events. Genesis is described as beginning with historicized myth and ending with mythicized history. Nevertheless, the story of Babel can be interpreted in terms of its context: Elsewhere in
Genesis, it is stated that Babel
980:, and sought to pierce the heavens, saying, "Let us see (whether) the heaven is made of clay, or of brass, or of iron." When God saw this He did not permit them, but smote them with blindness and confusion of speech, and rendered them as thou seest.
1018:, Chapter 9:12–36). According to Josephus and Midrash Pirke R. El. xxiv., it was mainly Nimrod who persuaded his contemporaries to build the Tower, while other rabbinical sources assert, on the contrary, that Nimrod separated from the builders.
1094:(xiii. 72), but without the tower: mankind were swept together by winds into the plain that was afterward called "Babil", where they were assigned their separate languages by God, and were then scattered again in the same way. In the
2328:
the campaign level "Nekravol" contains the Tower of Babel, but instead of its biblical purpose, it functions as a processing line for the suffering of human souls. In-game it is referred to as "The
Citadel", but the concept art for
2004:
624:'s kingdom, which is located in Lower Mesopotamia. The Bible does not specifically mention that Nimrod ordered the building of the tower, but many other sources have associated its construction with him. Genesis 11:9 attributes the
1123:
Although variations similar to the biblical narrative of the Tower of Babel exist within
Islamic tradition, the central theme of God separating humankind on the basis of language is alien to Islam according to the author
1021:
According to another midrashic account, one third of the Tower builders were punished by being transformed into semi-demonic creatures and banished into three parallel dimensions, inhabited now by their descendants.
595:, who has put forth substantial modifications to the hypothesis, suggests that these verses are part of what he calls a "Pre-Yahwistic stage". Other scholars reject the documentary hypothesis altogether. The "
590:
suggests that the intentional word play regarding the city of Babel, and the noise of the people's "babbling" is found in the Hebrew words as easily as in English, is considered typical of the Yahwist source.
2016:, wherein the wicked men build a tower of masts to pursue the Creator-God, Nyambe, who has fled to Heaven on a spider-web, but the men perish when the masts collapse. He further relates similar tales of the
266:
they said, "Come, let us build ourselves a city and a tower with its top in the heavens, and let us make a name for ourselves; otherwise we shall be scattered abroad upon the face of the whole earth." The L
155:, observing these efforts and remarking on humanity's power in unity, confounds their speech so that they can no longer understand each other and scatters them around the world, leaving the city unfinished.
1277:
There have also been a number of traditions around the world that describe a divine confusion of the one original language into several, albeit without any tower. Aside from the Ancient Greek myth that
678:: "temple of the foundation of heaven and earth") was the name of a ziggurat dedicated to Marduk in the city of Babylon. It was famously rebuilt by the 6th-century-BCE Neo-Babylonian dynasty rulers
976:
apron, and continued to make bricks. And the Lord appeared to them and confused their speech, when they had built the tower to the height of four hundred and sixty-three cubits. And they took a
2384:, the final monument the island inhabitants can create is called the Tower of Babel, which begins to sink the island. The titular Doshin the Giant then sacrifices himself to save the island.
341:, which is intended explain the origin of a custom, ritual, geographical feature, name, or other phenomenon —namely the origins of the multiplicity of languages. The confusion of tongues (
4633:
4626:
4619:
4612:
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taught magic to some people in Babylon and warned them that magic is a sin and that their teaching them magic is a test of faith. A tale about Babil appears more fully in the writings of
2095:
in Rome, while later conical depictions of the tower (as depicted in Doré's illustration) resemble much later Muslim towers observed by 19th-century explorers in the area, notably the
690:
the Great's conquests. He managed to move the tiles of the tower to another location, but his death stopped the reconstruction, and it was demolished during the reign of his successor
158:
Some modern scholars have associated the Tower of Babel with known historical structures and accounts, particularly from ancient Mesopotamia. The most widely attributed inspiration is
4288:
730:
speculated that the authors of Genesis 11:1–9 were inspired by the existence of an apparently incomplete ziggurat at Babylon, and by the phonological similarity between Babylonian
2172:(1996) is about the question "whether language can be shared, or, if that turns out to be illusory, how individuals, in talking to each other, fail to understand each other".
1841:, expressed amazement at how much this 'number of tongues' could be surpassed, there being hundreds of mutually unintelligible languages indigenous only to Peru and Brazil.
1144:
and his family ask God that their language not be confounded at the time of the "great tower". Because of their prayers, God preserves their language and leads them to the
2012:
documented similarities between Old Testament stories, such as the Flood, and indigenous legends around the world. He identified Livingston's account with a tale found in
5341:
4839:
1617:. This listing was to prove quite influential on later accounts that made the Lombards and Franks themselves into descendants of eponymous grandsons of Japheth, e.g. the
55:
440:
572:. Modern biblical scholarship rejects Mosaic authorship of the Pentateuch but is divided on the question of its authorship. Many scholars subscribe to some form of the
421:
The Book of Genesis does not specify the tower's height; the phrase, "its top in the sky" (v.4) was an idiom for impressive height, rather than implying arrogance. The
1502:
There are several mediaeval historiographic accounts that attempt to make an enumeration of the languages scattered at the Tower of Babel. Because a count of all the
2074:
1152:
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leave the lower world to us; therefore we will build us a tower, with an idol on the top holding a sword, so that it may appear as if it intended to war with God" (
3624:
4063:
3644:
2824:
487:
was an ancient Greek unit of length, based on the circumference of a typical sports stadium of the time which was about 176 metres (577 ft). Twenty-five
4661:
1155:(LDS Church) assert that the "great tower" was indeed the Tower of Babel – as in the 1981 introduction to the Book of Mormon – despite the chronology of the
4462:
1931:
4849:
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or tower, to preserve themselves in the event of a second deluge. However, their languages were confounded and they went to separate parts of the Earth.
1637:
279:
scattered them abroad from there over the face of all the earth, and they left off building the city. Therefore it was called Babel, because there the L
2368:
series refers to the Tower of Babel in a context of intercultural conflict and cooperation (Jews and Muslims during the French colonization in Algeria).
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4078:
4867:
2048:, which Frazer considered to show clear 'Abrahamic' influence, also relate that their ancestors migrated there following the abandonment of a great
1649:
1096:
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The primacy of Hebrew was still defended by some authors until the emergence of modern linguistics in the second half of the 18th century, e.g. by
1010:
therefore they would support it by columns that there might not be another deluge (Gen. R. l.c.; Tan. l.c.; similarly Josephus, "Ant." i. 4, § 2).
5395:
1958:
escaped a great flood, then became wicked and attempted to build a house reaching to heaven, but the Great Spirit destroyed it with thunderbolts.
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30 generations from Adam, when the languages were confused and the Karen separated from the Karenni. He notes yet another version current in the
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576:, which argues that the Pentateuch is composed of multiple "sources" that were later merged. Scholars who favor this hypothesis, such as
348:
Prior to this event, humanity was stated to speak a single language, although the preceding Genesis 10:5 states that the descendants of
4844:
2797:
1514:, speak instead of "70 languages".) Some of the earliest sources for 72 (sometimes 73) languages are the 2nd-century Christian writers
5331:
2158:
surveyed historic variations of the Tower of Babel in different cultures and produced a modern retelling of his own in his 1983 book,
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in Hebrew. The first century Roman-Jewish author Flavius Josephus similarly explained that the name was derived from the Hebrew word
4380:
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212:; it is always "the city and the tower" or just "the city". The original derivation of the name Babel, which is the Hebrew name for
439:
mentions that the "tower of strife" reached a height of 463 cubits, or 211.8 m (695 ft), taller than any structure built
4354:
471:) as saying the tower was "laid out foursquare on a very level plain. Its wall, made of baked brick cemented with pitch, is fifty
4654:
1365:
XXVI) that Hebrew is a derivative of the language of Adam. In particular, the chief Hebrew name for God in scholastic tradition,
519:
contained lodgings for workers and animals, and other authors who claim that the path was wide enough to have fields for growing
425:
mentions the tower's height as being 5,433 cubits and 2 palms, or 2,484 m (8,150 ft), about three times the height of
2251:
1160:
754:
191:
31:
1238:. In the Middle Ages and down to the 17th century, attempts were made to identify a living descendant of the Adamic language.
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years were they building it; its breadth was 203 bricks, and the height was the third of one; its height amounted to 5433
503:
high, or 5.92 km (3.68 mi) and 1,000 paces thick, and each pace is three of our feet." The 14th-century traveler
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2148:
2104:
1088:
1104:, a fuller version is given: Nimrod has the tower built in Babil, God destroys it, and the language of mankind, formerly
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2242:
1924:
1854:
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61:
2077:, which can be placed in someone's ear for them to instantly understand anything said to them in any form of language.
1923:(1537–1588) reported hearing an account about the pyramid from a hundred-year-old priest at Cholula, shortly after the
1003:
4647:
1373:
224:, meaning "gate of God". However, that form and interpretation itself are now usually thought to derive from Akkadian
4249:
Dorschel, Andreas (25 November 2004). "Ach, Sie waren nicht in Oxford? Antonia S. Byatts Roman "Der Turm zu Babel"".
2364:
1590:) contain one of the first attempts to list each of the 72 peoples who were believed to have spoken these languages.
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4704:
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551:
247:
1888:'s telling of the myth, the Giants attempt to reach the gods in heaven by stacking mountains, but are repelled by
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Various traditions similar to that of the tower of Babel are found in Latin America. Some writers connected the
890:, and several sons of Joktan. However, Joktan finally saves the twelve from the wrath of the other two princes.
599:" scholars tend to see the books of Genesis through 2 Kings as written by a single, anonymous author during the
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2763:
Levenson, Jon D. (2004). "Genesis: Introduction and Annotations". In Berlin, Adele; Brettler, Marc Zvi (eds.).
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2191:
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has a story with similarities to the biblical story of the Tower of Babel, although set in the Egypt of Moses:
1015:
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66:
1951:
1659:
798:
land, "the whole universe, the well-guarded people—may they all address Enlil together in a single language."
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that substitute a pile of porridge pestles for the masts. Frazer moreover cites such legends found among the
1994:
in 1849 had such a tradition, but with the builders' heads getting "cracked by the fall of the scaffolding".
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According to modern scholars, the biblical story of the Tower of Babel was likely influenced by Etemenanki.
577:
782:
to restore (or in Kramer's translation, to disrupt) the linguistic unity of the inhabited regions—named as
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A philosophicall essay for the reunion of the languages, or, the art of knowing all by the mastery of one
245:, meaning to jumble or to confuse, after Yahweh distorted the common language of humankind. According to
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2060:, where mankind's languages are confused following a failed attempt to build houses reaching to heaven.
1955:
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1550:
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2194:" that imagined a miner's climbing the tower all the way to the top where he meets the vault of heaven.
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The story's theme of competition between God and humans appears elsewhere in Genesis, in the story of
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Despite no mention of the Tower of Babel in the original text of the Book of Mormon, some leaders in
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406:
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The International Standard Bible Encyclopedia (ISBE), James Orr, M.A., D.D., General Editor – 1915 (
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considers the height of the Tower of Babel. He wrote, "brick and stone weigh about 120 lb per
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Kyojin no Doshin 1: Koushiki Gaidobukku (Doshin the Giant 1: Official Guide book) for 64DD version
4101:
3741:
5471:
5110:
4894:
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4224:. Eric Voegelin Institute series in political philosophy. University of Missouri Press. pp.
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2028:, where the men stack poles or trees in a failed attempt to reach the Moon. He further cited the
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The Tower of Babel appears as an important location in the Babylonian story arc of the Japanese
1352:(1302–1305). He argues that the Adamic language is of divine origin and therefore unchangeable.
1128:. In Islamic belief, he argues, God created nations to know each other and not to be separated.
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1884:, the battle fought between the Giants and the Olympian gods for supremacy of the cosmos. In
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The literal belief that the world's linguistic variety originated with the tower of Babel is
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858:, the direction for the building is ascribed not only to Nimrod, who is made prince of the
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4095:
1058:
to build him a stone (or clay) tower so that he can mount up to heaven and confront the
475:(23 m or 75 ft) wide, two hundred (91.5 m or 300 ft) high, and four hundred and seventy
5456:
4593:
4218:
4182:
3620:
3399:
3395:
3391:
3248:, from the 1916 translation by Earnest Brehaut, Book I, chapter 6. Available online in
3179:
Hiebert, Theodore (2007). "The Tower of Babel and the Origin of the World's Cultures".
2694:
2580:
2423:
2053:
2017:
2013:
1920:
1422:
1307:
1137:
1125:
1000:
968:
587:
461:
386:
314:
225:
4618:
Easton's Bible Dictionary, M.G. Easton M.A., D.D., published by Thomas Nelson, 1897. (
3657:
Pickthal, M. "Quran" (in English), Suras 28:36 and 40:36–37. Amana Publishers, UK 1996
5410:
5132:
5048:
5025:
4752:
4737:
4689:
4601:
4456:
4451:
4397:
4117:
3715:
3340:
Moye, Richard H. (1990). "In the Beginning: Myth and History in Genesis and Exodus".
3261:
2070:
1938:, states that after men had multiplied following a great deluge, they erected a tall
1894:
1479:
1438:
1357:
1299:
1259:
1156:
1055:
977:
913:
621:
480:
4597:
4188:. SUNY Series in Ethical Theory. State University of New York Press. p. 185ff.
1196:
1108:, is then confused into 72 languages. Another Muslim historian of the 13th century,
5246:
5055:
5005:
4904:
4727:
4284:
3779:
3508:
2437:
2409:
2372:
2331:
2324:
2041:
2029:
2021:
1967:
1503:
1251:
1035:
933:
855:
727:
679:
499:(1300): He relates that "it measured eighty miles round, and it was already 4,000
444:
426:
382:
256:
due to the Hebrew terms for Babylon and "to confuse" having similar pronunciation.
4308:
3940:
The Languages of Paradise: Race, Religion, and Philology in the Nineteenth Century
2878:
2850:
1183:, a tower, interpreted as the Tower of Babel, is brought by demons along with the
809:(911–605 BC), bears a number of similarities to the later written biblical story.
663:
239:
Per the story in Genesis, the city received the name "Babel" from the Hebrew verb
3787:
2765:
2727:
151:), where they agree to build a great city with a tower that would reach the sky.
5204:
5199:
5194:
5189:
5177:
5043:
5012:
4694:
4670:
4293:
3606:
3600:
3473:
3102:
2224:
2176:
2165:
2124:
2100:
2033:
1598:
1392:
1295:
1109:
883:
531:
338:
313:
German Late Medieval depiction of the tower's construction from a manuscript of
121:
3987:
Folk-lore in the Old Testament: Studies in Comparative Religion, Legend and Law
3965:"Metamorphoses (Kline) 1, the Ovid Collection, Univ. Of Virginia E-Text Center"
3879:
Folk-lore in the Old Testament: Studies in Comparative Religion, Legend and Law
3746:(Salt Lake City, Utah: The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints), ch. 6.
507:
also included an account of the tower and reported that its height had been 64
5264:
5234:
3516:
3374:
2399:
2359:
2187:
2138:
1991:
1764:
1610:
1507:
1184:
1176:
668:
653:
565:
535:
160:
17:
3861:
3850:
3496:
3426:
3064:
1691:
Other sources that mention 72 (or 70) languages scattered from Babel are the
1159:
aligning more closely with the 21st century BC Sumerian tower temple myth of
942:
which procured that happiness. He also gradually changed the government into
778:
for its construction, at one point reciting an incantation imploring the god
4446:, vol. 3 (9th ed.), New York: Charles Scribner's Sons, p. 178
4406:
2092:
1692:
1287:
901:
875:
695:
612:
515:
433:
270:
came down to see the city and the tower, which mortals had built. And the L
253:
4154:. British Idealist Studies 1: Oakeshott. Andrews UK Limited. p. 121f.
2240:, has created an orchestral piece titled "Tower of Babel" which appears in
1371:, must be derived of a different Adamic name for God, which Dante gives as
4531:
Klaus Seybold, "Der Turmbau zu Babel: Zur Entstehung von Genesis XI 1–9,"
3540:
Kramer, Samuel Noah (1968). "The 'Babel of Tongues': A Sumerian Version".
3042:
A Brief Introduction to the Old Testament: the Hebrew Bible in its Context
2903:
Kramer, Samuel Noah (1968). "The 'Babel of Tongues': A Sumerian Version".
1808:; mentions 22 for Shem, 31 for Ham and 17 for Japheth for a total of 70);
555:(19th-century illustration), depicts the Tower of Babel in the background.
5282:
5270:
4909:
4584:
2451:
2343:
2296:
2234:
2025:
1753:
1665:
1654:
1555:
1520:
1388:
1367:
1333:
1267:
795:
767:
759:
436:
166:
133:
3200:
3131:
2322:, the level "E2M8" is named and takes place at the "Tower of Babel". In
2272:
the last stages of the game and the final boss fight occur in the tower.
826:
contains one of the most detailed accounts found anywhere of the Tower.
373:. However, that theory has been debated among scholars in recent years.
5315:
5310:
5258:
5252:
5240:
5087:
3361:
2339:
artbook, and the Steam Trading Card) refers to it as the "Tower Babel".
2045:
1935:
1318:
1208:
1051:
955:
language; and for this reason it was that the city was called Babylon."
947:
943:
879:
871:
867:
859:
802:
783:
581:
564:
Jewish and Christian tradition attributes the composition of the whole
508:
370:
349:
213:
174:
125:
93:
4466:. Vol. 3 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. p. 91.
4435:
3214:
2946:
Geschichte Mesopotamiens. Von den Sumerern bis zu Alexander dem Großen
1822:, however, the project was begun only 200 years following the Deluge.
1274:
Japheth gave rise to different nations, each with their own language.
5288:
5276:
4472:
4336:"Le chat du rabbin Tome 7 : La tour de Bab-El-Oued – Joann Sfar"
3668:"Surat Al-Baqarah [2:102] – The Noble Qur'an – القرآن الكريم"
3192:
3123:
2078:
2049:
1966:
Traces of a somewhat similar story have also been reported among the
1614:
1459:
1279:
1164:
1066:
863:
787:
775:
472:
398:
394:
170:
152:
144:
3353:
2879:"Tower of Babel | Story, Summary, Meaning, & Facts | Britannica"
2851:"Tower of Babel | Story, Summary, Meaning, & Facts | Britannica"
2217:
This biblical episode is dramatized in the Indian television series
4151:
Religious and Poetic Experience in the Thought of Michael Oakeshott
3229:
2823:
Schwartz, Howard; Loebel-Fried, Caren; Ginsburg, Elliot K. (2007).
2208:
The Tower of Babel appears in the 47th episode of the anime series
5128:
5116:
4943:
4355:"Why the Past 10 Years of American Life Have Been Uniquely Stupid"
2461:
2316:, the Tower of Babel appears multiple times. In the original 1993
2299:
2037:
1975:
1971:
1863:
1758:
1303:
1291:
1290:, Frazer specifically mentions such accounts among the Wasania of
1245:
1195:
1116:(an ancestor of Abraham) was allowed to keep the original tongue,
1070:
1047:
1029:
951:
900:
878:. Twelve men are arrested for refusing to bring bricks, including
832:
771:
662:
569:
545:
520:
500:
357:
353:
308:
209:
186:
140:
83:
3946:. Cambridge, Massachusetts and London: Harvard University Press.
511:, or 13 km (8 mi), according to the local inhabitants.
4747:
4289:"Bible ki Kahaniyan: Another religious saga on the small screen"
1885:
1329:
1283:
1113:
779:
763:
488:
97:
4947:
4643:
2233:, the composer for the music appearing in several parts of the
1825:
The tradition of 72 languages persisted into later times. Both
4639:
4580:
Babel In Biblia: The Tower in Ancient Literature by Jim Rovira
4551:
Ed. by Reto Geiser and Tilo Richter, Standpunkte, Basel 2016,
2523:
1059:
617:
196:
which describes events and locations in southern Mesopotamia.
30:
This article is about the biblical myth. For other uses, see
4455:
1120:
in this case, because he would not partake in the building.
3103:"The Tower of Babel and the Origin of the World's Cultures"
2617:
2574:
2517:
1321:
myth of "the Cooking of Languages" has also been compared.
397:
act of defiance against God ordered by the arrogant tyrant
4607:
HERBARIUM Art Project. Anatomy of the Tower of Babel. 2010
1328:
was widely considered the language used by God to address
1148:. From there, they travel across the sea to the Americas.
3667:
2697:. As with other verses where "Lord" is fully capitalised.
3827:
Tower of Babel: The Evidence against the New Creationism
1340:) by various Jewish, Christian, and Muslim scholastics.
1262:
and is contrary to the known facts about the origin and
447:
in 1889, which is 324 m (1,063 ft) in height.
4625:
Nave Topical Bible, Orville J. Nave, AM., D.D., LL.D. (
4220:
Michael Oakeshott on Religion, Aesthetics, and Politics
580:, tend to see Genesis 11:1–9 as being composed by the
3513:
Asimov's Guide to the Bible, vol.1: The Old Testament
3076:
Louth, Andrew; Oden, Thomas C.; Conti, Marco (2001).
2532:
568:, which includes the story of the Tower of Babel, to
291:
scattered them abroad over the face of all the earth.
287:) the language of all the earth, and from there the L
3976:
3974:
2655:
2636:
2604:
2554:
2520:
2514:
2371:
The fragmentation of modern society, in part due to
2347:
features an opening number titled "Tower of Babble."
2281:
the Tower of Babel is an available "Great Building".
919:
The Jewish-Roman historian Flavius Josephus, in his
240:
5388:
5362:
5324:
5298:
5213:
5170:
5077:
4989:
4882:
4832:
4771:
4718:
4677:
3554:"Enmerkar and the lord of Aratta: composite text."
2726:Metzger, Bruce Manning; Coogan, Michael D. (2004).
2511:
2127:staged a multilingual theatrical interpretation of
389:. The first century Jewish interpretation found in
103:
89:
79:
74:
41:
4544:, Journal of the American Oriental Society (1968).
4505:Historia Antiqua de la Nueva Espana (Madrid, 1585)
4483:. Vol. 15. New York: Robert Appleton Company.
4217:
4181:
4083:. Calcutta: Bengal Secretariat Press. p. 160.
3416:. New York: Funk & Wagnalls. pp. 395–398.
2764:
2729:The Oxford Guide To People And Places of the Bible
1930:Another story, attributed by the native historian
1488:(1675) and by Gottfried Hensel (1687–1767) in his
1112:relates the same story, adding that the patriarch
4097:Missionary Travels and Researches in South Africa
3692:The Complete Idiot's Guide to Understanding Islam
2103:depicts a more stylized geometrical structure in
2040:as having a similar story. The traditions of the
774:and demands a tribute of precious materials from
337:The Tower of Babel is a type of myth known as an
4585:"The Tower of Babel and the Birth of Nationhood"
4313:Tamaro Forever presents The Secret of Blue Water
3153:Understanding the Bible: A Reader's Introduction
805:myth, dating from the 8th century BC during the
746:There are similar stories to the Tower of Babel
738:, meaning "mixed", "confused", or "confounded".
3734:A Companion to Your Study of the Book of Mormon
3452:"Herodotus, the Histories, Book 1, chapter 179"
2921:From Creation to Babel: Studies in Genesis 1-11
1900:
1189:
1153:the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints
973:
828:
686:, but had fallen into disrepair by the time of
263:
204:The phrase "Tower of Babel" does not appear in
185:. A similar story is also found in the ancient
3913:Linguistic Theories in Dante and the Humanists
3556:Electronic Text Corpus of Sumerian Literature.
2375:, has been likened to a modern Tower of Babel.
1892:'s thunderbolts. A.S. Kline translates Ovid's
752:similar to that of the Tower of Babel, called
4959:
4655:
3544:. Vol. 88, no. 1. pp. 108–111.
3307:. Echo Point Books & Media. p. 313.
2907:. Vol. 88, no. 1. pp. 108–111.
734:, meaning "gate of God", and the Hebrew word
611:Biblical scholars see the Book of Genesis as
8:
4184:Anti-Theory in Ethics and Moral Conservatism
3906:
3904:
3902:
2668:
2649:
2630:
2183:, based on a modernized version of the myth.
1583:). The chronicles attributed to Hippolytus (
844:Jubilees 10:20–21, Charles' 1913 translation
393:explains the construction of the tower as a
4123:. London: British Film Institute. pp.
2924:. Bloomsbury Publishing. pp. 179–180.
4966:
4952:
4944:
4850:Creation and evolution in public education
4662:
4648:
4640:
4542:The "Babel of Tongues": A Sumerian Version
4062:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (
3786:(30 June 2009). "The Paraphrase of Shem".
3643:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (
3174:
3172:
2758:
2756:
2391:is largely inspired by the Tower of Babel.
1006:; Tan., ed. Buber, Noah, xxvii. et seq.).
967:(or 3 Baruch, c. 2nd century), one of the
705:) wrote an account of the ziggurat in his
523:for the animals used in the construction.
38:
4396:Donlan, Christopher (12 September 2023).
3143:
3141:
3035:
3033:
3031:
2091:'s influential portrayal is based on the
1506:listed by name in chapter 10 of Genesis (
1387:, these languages were considered to be "
528:Structures: Or Why Things Don't Fall Down
4868:Kitzmiller v. Dover Area School District
4496:A Practical Commentary on Holy Scripture
3542:Journal of the American Oriental Society
3327:
2905:Journal of the American Oriental Society
2829:. Oxford University Press. p. 704.
2069:The "Babel fish" is a fictional fish in
228:applied to an earlier form of the name,
4375:. Nintendo Co., Ltd. 20 February 2000.
4180:. In Clarke, S.G.; Simpson, E. (eds.).
2826:Tree of Souls: The Mythology of Judaism
2796:Graves, Robert; Patai, Raphael (1986).
2732:. Oxford University Press. p. 28.
2709:
2499:
2205:, which concluded with book IV in 2021.
1950:Still another story, attributed to the
495:A typical medieval account is given by
143:speaking a single language migrates to
4733:Allegorical interpretations of Genesis
4402:review - a puzzling linguistic marvel"
4268:"Ted Chiang's Soulful Science Fiction"
4055:
3990:. London: Macmillan. pp. 362–387.
3636:
2249:In the 1990 Japanese television anime
893:
232:, of unknown meaning and probably non-
27:Mythical structure in the Hebrew Bible
5064:and the origin of nations (10:1–11:9)
3386:
3384:
3382:
3282:. Simon & Schuster. p. 247.
3080:. Taylor & Francis. p. 164.
2008:, Scottish social anthropologist Sir
1932:Fernando de Alva Cortés Ixtlilxóchitl
1880:, there is a myth referred to as the
1466:, God spoke Swedish, and the serpent
1100:by the 9th-century Muslim theologian
932:), recounted history as found in the
429:, or roughly 1.6 miles high (10:21).
7:
4511:Ixtilxochitl, Don Ferdinand d'Alva,
3695:. Indianapolis: Alpha. p. 108.
2873:
2871:
2075:The Hitchhiker's Guide to the Galaxy
1046:Although not mentioned by name, the
360:dispersed "with their own tongues."
4334:Debarnot, Eric (15 December 2017).
3609:London: SPCK. 1917. pp. 90–94.
2771:. Oxford University Press. p.
2669:
2650:
2631:
2597:
2544:
2211:Arabian Nights: Sinbad's Adventures
1876:, much of which was adopted by the
1073:, but tells of when the two angels
4589:Azure: Ideas for the Jewish Nation
4526:Native Races of the Pacific States
3761:"The Flood and the Tower of Babel"
2964:. Simon and Schuster. p. 73.
2114:wrote an opera based on the story
1812:'s 1300 account; and the rabbinic
1498:Enumeration of scattered languages
722:proposed this occurred during the
132:meant to explain the existence of
25:
4632:Smith's Bible Dictionary (1896) (
4488:Knecht, Friedrich Justus (1910).
4353:Haidt, Jonathan (11 April 2022).
4100:. Harper & Brothers. p.
3882:. London: Macmillan. p. 384.
3602:The Biblical Antiquities of Philo
3278:Friedman, Richard Elliot (1997).
3215:The Length of Eratosthenes' Stade
3101:Hiebert, Theodore (Spring 2007).
2799:Hebrew Myths: The Book of Genesis
2269:Prince of Persia: The Two Thrones
1719:History of the Prophets and Kings
1663:, and the midrashic compilations
1097:History of the Prophets and Kings
985:Greek Apocalypse of Baruch, 3:5–8
711:, which he called the "Temple of
139:According to the story, a united
4928:
4927:
4477:. In Herbermann, Charles (ed.).
4006:letras-uruguay.espaciolatino.com
4002:"Fernando de Alva Ixtlilxóchitl"
3305:Abraham in History and Tradition
2507:
2430:
2416:
2402:
1990:, the people he met living near
1282:confused the languages, causing
54:
4576:Encyclopædia Britannica Online.
2252:Nadia: The Secret of Blue Water
2081:used this as a base for their "
1453:, 1641). The Swedish physician
1336:, and by Adam as lawgiver (the
1161:Enmerkar and the Lord of Aratta
755:Enmerkar and the Lord of Aratta
530:(Pelican 1978–1984), Professor
460:, quotes the earlier historian
192:Enmerkar and the Lord of Aratta
32:Tower of Babel (disambiguation)
5145:Jacob wrestling with the angel
4845:Creation–evolution controversy
4080:Report on the Census of Bengal
4041:History of Arizona, Volume VII
3894:Reisen in die 'Ostseeprovinzen
3342:Journal of Biblical Literature
3181:Journal of Biblical Literature
3111:Journal of Biblical Literature
1934:(c. 1565–1648) to the ancient
1491:Synopsis Universae Philologiae
443:until the construction of the
1:
4520:Antiquities of Mexico, vol. 9
4038:Farish, Thomas Edwin (1918).
3743:Book of Mormon Student Manual
3626:Legends of the Jews, Volume 1
3219:American Journal of Philology
2948:, Beck, München 2004, p. 121.
2802:. Random House. p. 315.
2179:wrote a concept album called
2085:" online translation service.
2005:Folklore in the Old Testament
1802:
1789:
1773:
1746:
1727:
1704:
1670:
1641:
1624:
1603:
1584:
1577:
1560:
1543:
1380:Before the acceptance of the
1298:of Assam, the inhabitants of
926:
699:
465:
454:
322:
2632:אֶת הָעִיר וְאֶת הַמִּגְדָּל
2618:
2575:
2243:Turrican II: The Final Fight
1925:conquest of the Aztec Empire
1855:Mythical origins of language
1831:De procuranda indorum salute
1820:Gesta Hunnorum et Hungarorum
1798:Gesta Hunnorum et Hungarorum
1733:); the Anglo-Saxon dialogue
1724:Muhammad ibn Jarir al-Tabari
1324:During the Middle Ages, the
1234:wrestled with the idea of a
1226:Mythical origins of language
1211:depicting the Tower of Babel
1014:inhabitants of the heavens (
479:(82.72 km or 51.4 miles) in
5337:Allegorical interpretations
5000:Genesis creation narratives
4471:Maas, Anthony John (1912).
4176:Oakeshott, Michael (1989).
4044:. Phoenix. pp. 309–310
3915:. BRILL. pp. 159–181.
3824:Pennock, Robert T. (2000).
3262:Selections from Giovanni's
3044:. Oxford University Press.
3040:Coogan, Michael D. (2009).
2961:The Dictionary of the Bible
2656:
2638:ʾeṯ hā-ʿîr wəʾeṯ ha-mmiḡdāl
2637:
2605:
2555:
1916:to the Tower of Babel. The
1710:); the Irish monastic work
1419:Piero Francesco Giambullari
1346:addresses the topic in his
1242:Multiplication of languages
835:and 2 palms, and thirteen
582:J or Jahwist/Yahwist source
514:The 17th-century historian
241:
216:, is uncertain. The native
108:
5498:
5094:Abraham and Lot's conflict
4705:Genesis creation narrative
4491:"The Tower of Babel"
4440:, in Baynes, T. S. (ed.),
4094:David Livingstone (1858).
3629:. New York. Archived from
2610:
2564:
2472:List of tallest structures
2154:The political philosopher
1848:
1650:Book of Roads and Kingdoms
1532:9); it is repeated in the
1219:
1179:tradition recorded in the
1069::102 mentions the name of
965:Third Apocalypse of Baruch
960:Greek Apocalypse of Baruch
651:
620:: Βαβυλών) formed part of
552:Hanging Gardens of Babylon
437:Third Apocalypse of Baruch
409:, presenting Babel as the
29:
4923:
4862:Kansas evolution hearings
3911:Mazzocco, Angelo (1993).
3738:Church Educational System
3303:Van Seters, John (1975).
2958:John L. Mckenzie (1995).
2310:In the video game series
2304:Crest of the Royal Family
1722:by the Persian historian
1657:(1068), the 11th-century
1447:Georg Philipp Harsdörffer
1391:" by some authors (e.g.,
53:
47:
46:
5380:Papyrus Oxyrhynchus 1007
5332:Framework interpretation
4256:(in German). p. 16.
4148:Worthington, G. (2016).
4115:Bukatman, Scott (1997).
3689:Emerick, Yahiya (2002).
2467:Evolutionary linguistics
2356:The tower of Bab-El-Oued
2261:Pieter Bruegel the Elder
2149:Brueghel's 1563 painting
1914:Great Pyramid of Cholula
1236:single original language
1201:The Confusion of Tongues
870:, and to Phenech son of
67:Pieter Bruegel the Elder
5375:Papyrus Oxyrhynchus 656
5038:Genesis flood narrative
4824:Young Earth creationism
4814:Progressive creationism
4743:Genesis flood narrative
4602:Tower of Babel – Baruch
4463:Encyclopædia Britannica
4443:Encyclopædia Britannica
3470:Understanding the Bible
3233:(subscription required)
3155:. Palo Alto: Mayfield.
2337:The Art of Doom Eternal
2186:Science fiction writer
2123:American choreographer
2107:representing the story.
1837:a century later in his
1679:Chronicles of Jerahmeel
1415:Giovanni Battista Gelli
922:Antiquities of the Jews
896:Antiquities of the Jews
801:In addition, a further
644:, meaning "confusion".
578:Richard Elliot Friedman
248:Encyclopædia Britannica
5342:Wife–sister narratives
5105:Covenant of the pieces
5032:Genealogies of Genesis
4710:History of creationism
4474:"Tower of Babel"
4432:Sayce, Archibald Henry
3394:; Price, Ira Maurice;
3213:Donald Engels (1985).
3078:Genesis 1-11; Volume 1
2767:The Jewish Study Bible
2584:
2352:La tour de Bab-El-Oued
2288:wrote a story called "
2275:In the web-based game
2190:wrote a story called "
1905:
1869:
1286:to give his throne to
1255:
1232:historical linguistics
1212:
1194:
1043:
988:
957:
916:
910:Lucas van Valckenborch
847:
766:is building a massive
742:Mesopotamian analogues
671:
667:Reconstruction of the
638:to confuse or confound
574:documentary hypothesis
556:
411:cradle of civilization
369:and the latter by the
329:
302:
5019:Serpents in the Bible
4874:Teach the Controversy
4809:Old Earth creationism
4561:Standpunkte Dokumente
4480:Catholic Encyclopedia
4309:"NADIA & REALITY"
4216:Corey, E. C. (2006).
4077:Beverley, H. (1872).
4028:, vol. 3, p. 76.
3246:History of the Franks
2284:Argentinian novelist
2175:The progressive band
1952:Tohono O'odham people
1867:
1851:Comparative mythology
1829:in his 1576 treatise
1701:Luccreth moccu Chiara
1551:Epiphanius of Salamis
1516:Clement of Alexandria
1397:Indo-European studies
1349:De vulgari eloquentia
1249:
1220:Further information:
1199:
1033:
939:
904:
666:
628:version of the name,
549:
312:
220:name of the city was
208:nor elsewhere in the
169:dedicated to the god
5370:Papyrus Berlin 17213
4933:Category:Creationism
4856:Edwards v. Aguillard
4587:by Daniel Gordis at
4540:Samuel Noah Kramer,
4287:(15 November 1989).
4178:"The tower of Babel"
3982:Frazer, James George
3874:Frazer, James George
3404:MacDonald, Duncan B.
3280:Who Wrote the Bible?
2447:Babylonian astronomy
2387:The 2023 video game
2290:The Library of Babel
1860:Greco-Roman parallel
1081:(i, 448 f.) and the
724:Babylonian captivity
407:cultural differences
5437:Ancient Mesopotamia
5155:coat of many colors
5062:Generations of Noah
5034:(5:1–6:8, 11:10–26)
4915:Omphalos hypothesis
4900:Biblical literalism
4890:Anthropic principle
4799:Islamic creationism
4518:Lord Kingsborough,
4513:Historia Chichimeca
4252:Süddeutsche Zeitung
3413:Jewish Encyclopedia
2944:Dietz Otto Edzard:
2487:Generations of Noah
2052:in the land of the
2010:James George Frazer
1713:Auraicept na n-Éces
1633:The Meadows of Gold
1504:descendants of Noah
1406:Auraicept na n-Éces
1310:of Alaska, and the
1306:of California, the
996:Rabbinic literature
874:, as prince of the
866:, as prince of the
807:Neo-Assyrian Empire
134:different languages
75:General information
5396:Textual variations
5111:Sodom and Gomorrah
5002:(1:1–2:3, 2:4–25)
4895:Biblical inerrancy
4819:Theistic evolution
4794:Intelligent design
4700:Creationist museum
4685:Biblical cosmology
3830:. Bradford Books.
3740:(1996, rev. ed.).
3736:p. 117, quoted in
3633:on 1 October 2015.
3519:. pp. 54–55.
3476:. pp. 50–51.
3466:Harris, Stephen L.
3244:Gregory of Tours,
3149:Harris, Stephen L.
3134:– via JSTOR.
2918:Day, John (2014).
2883:www.britannica.com
2855:www.britannica.com
2378:In the video game
2266:In the video game
2220:Bible Ki Kahaniyan
2203:The Books of Babel
2129:The Tower of Babel
2117:Der Thurm zu Babel
2097:Minaret of Samarra
2064:In popular culture
2002:In his 1918 book,
1870:
1839:Sermão da Epifania
1736:Solomon and Saturn
1660:Lebor Gabála Érenn
1620:Historia Brittonum
1594:Isidore of Seville
1547: 350 CE
1526:Hippolytus of Rome
1302:in Australia, the
1256:
1250:Tower of Babel by
1222:Origin of language
1213:
1181:Paraphrase of Shem
1044:
1041:Athanasius Kircher
917:
703: 425 BC
694:. Greek historian
672:
601:Hellenistic period
557:
343:confusio linguarum
330:
321:, cgm 5 fol. 29r (
62:The Tower of Babel
5404:
5403:
5354:Pesher on Genesis
5161:Blessing of Jacob
4941:
4940:
4789:Hindu creationism
4763:Ussher chronology
4574:"Tower of Babel."
4557:978-3-9523540-8-7
4534:Vetus Testamentum
4503:Pr. Diego Duran,
4400:Chants of Sennaar
4235:978-0-8262-6517-3
4195:978-0-88706-912-3
4161:978-1-84540-594-6
3944:Arthur Goldhammer
3922:978-90-04-09702-5
3789:The Gnostic Bible
3526:978-0-380-01032-5
3483:978-0-7674-2916-0
3408:"Babel, Tower of"
3314:978-1-62654-006-4
2986:"Genesis 2 Notes"
2971:978-0-684-81913-6
2931:978-0-567-37030-3
2836:978-0-195-35870-4
2809:978-0-795-33715-4
2782:978-0-195-29751-5
2739:978-0-195-17610-0
2683:migrated eastward
2616:
2609:; Ancient Greek:
2603:
2573:
2553:
2477:Minar (Firuzabad)
2389:Chants of Sennaar
2286:Jorge Luis Borges
2223:, which aired on
2197:Fantasy novelist
2156:Michael Oakeshott
2083:Yahoo! Babel Fish
2058:Admiralty Islands
1988:David Livingstone
1868:Building of Babel
1742:Primary Chronicle
1539:Cave of Treasures
1462:where Adam spoke
1260:pseudolinguistics
1230:For a long time,
1065:Another story in
1026:Islamic tradition
930: 94 CE
794:(Akkad), and the
720:Stephen L. Harris
684:Nebuchadnezzar II
149:Lower Mesopotamia
114:
113:
16:(Redirected from
5489:
5477:Book of Jubilees
5452:Noach (parashah)
5432:Primeval history
5427:Biblical phrases
5183:In the beginning
5123:Binding of Isaac
5099:Battle of Siddim
4991:Primeval history
4968:
4961:
4954:
4945:
4931:
4930:
4779:Creation science
4664:
4657:
4650:
4641:
4549:Babel's Present.
4528:(New York, 1874)
4507:
4499:
4493:
4484:
4476:
4467:
4459:
4447:
4439:
4419:
4418:
4416:
4414:
4393:
4387:
4386:
4369:
4363:
4362:
4350:
4344:
4343:
4331:
4325:
4324:
4322:
4320:
4305:
4299:
4298:
4281:
4275:
4266:Joshua Rothman,
4264:
4258:
4257:
4246:
4240:
4239:
4223:
4213:
4207:
4206:
4204:
4202:
4187:
4172:
4166:
4165:
4145:
4139:
4138:
4122:
4112:
4106:
4105:
4091:
4085:
4084:
4074:
4068:
4067:
4061:
4053:
4051:
4049:
4035:
4029:
4023:
4017:
4016:
4014:
4012:
3998:
3992:
3991:
3978:
3969:
3968:
3961:
3955:
3936:Olender, Maurice
3933:
3927:
3926:
3908:
3897:
3890:
3884:
3883:
3870:
3864:
3859:
3853:
3848:
3842:
3841:
3821:
3815:
3814:
3812:
3810:
3784:Willis Barnstone
3776:
3770:
3769:
3759:(January 1998),
3757:Parry, Donald W.
3753:
3747:
3730:Daniel H. Ludlow
3727:
3721:
3713:
3707:
3706:
3686:
3680:
3679:
3677:
3675:
3664:
3658:
3655:
3649:
3648:
3642:
3634:
3617:
3611:
3610:
3605:. Translated by
3597:
3591:
3586:-en-na-da-ab-dug
3552:
3546:
3545:
3537:
3531:
3530:
3505:
3499:
3494:
3488:
3487:
3462:
3456:
3455:
3448:
3442:
3435:
3429:
3424:
3418:
3417:
3388:
3377:
3372:
3366:
3365:
3337:
3331:
3325:
3319:
3318:
3300:
3294:
3293:
3275:
3269:
3259:
3253:
3242:
3236:
3234:
3211:
3205:
3204:
3193:10.2307/27638419
3176:
3167:
3166:
3145:
3136:
3135:
3124:10.2307/27638419
3107:
3098:
3092:
3091:
3073:
3067:
3062:
3056:
3055:
3037:
3026:
3025:
3023:
3021:
3007:
3001:
3000:
2998:
2996:
2982:
2976:
2975:
2955:
2949:
2942:
2936:
2935:
2915:
2909:
2908:
2900:
2894:
2893:
2891:
2889:
2875:
2866:
2865:
2863:
2861:
2847:
2841:
2840:
2820:
2814:
2813:
2793:
2787:
2786:
2770:
2760:
2751:
2750:
2748:
2746:
2723:
2717:
2714:
2698:
2691:
2685:
2679:
2673:
2672:
2671:
2666:
2660:
2659:
2653:
2652:
2647:
2641:
2640:
2634:
2633:
2628:
2622:
2621:
2615:romanized:
2614:
2612:
2608:
2602:romanized:
2601:
2599:
2594:
2588:
2578:
2576:Pýrgos tês Babél
2568:
2566:
2565:Πύργος τῆς Βαβέλ
2558:
2548:
2546:
2535:
2530:
2529:
2526:
2525:
2522:
2519:
2516:
2513:
2504:
2482:Origin of speech
2440:
2435:
2434:
2433:
2426:
2421:
2420:
2419:
2412:
2407:
2406:
2405:
2381:Doshin the Giant
2350:2017 comic book
2278:Forge of Empires
2192:Tower of Babylon
2112:Anton Rubinstein
2024:, as well as in
1998:Other traditions
1845:Comparable myths
1815:Midrash ha-Gadol
1807:
1804:
1794:
1791:
1778:
1775:
1770:Snorri Sturluson
1751:
1748:
1732:
1729:
1709:
1706:
1675:
1672:
1646:
1643:
1629:
1626:
1608:
1605:
1589:
1586:
1582:
1579:
1565:
1562:
1548:
1545:
1483:
1427:Goropius Becanus
1146:Valley of Nimrod
1092:
986:
931:
928:
845:
824:Book of Jubilees
818:Book of Jubilees
813:Later literature
704:
701:
648:Possible origins
497:Giovanni Villani
470:
467:
459:
456:
451:Gregory of Tours
441:in human history
423:Book of Jubilees
391:Flavius Josephus
327:
324:
300:
290:
282:
278:
273:
269:
244:
58:
39:
21:
5497:
5496:
5492:
5491:
5490:
5488:
5487:
5486:
5407:
5406:
5405:
5400:
5384:
5358:
5348:Arcana Cœlestia
5320:
5294:
5209:
5166:
5079:Patriarchal age
5073:
4985:
4984:
4979:Book of Genesis
4972:
4942:
4937:
4919:
4878:
4828:
4804:Neo-creationism
4784:Gap creationism
4767:
4720:Book of Genesis
4714:
4673:
4668:
4570:
4524:H.H. Bancroft,
4502:
4487:
4470:
4450:
4430:
4427:
4425:Further reading
4422:
4412:
4410:
4395:
4394:
4390:
4383:
4371:
4370:
4366:
4352:
4351:
4347:
4333:
4332:
4328:
4318:
4316:
4307:
4306:
4302:
4283:
4282:
4278:
4265:
4261:
4248:
4247:
4243:
4236:
4215:
4214:
4210:
4200:
4198:
4196:
4175:
4173:
4169:
4162:
4147:
4146:
4142:
4135:
4114:
4113:
4109:
4093:
4092:
4088:
4076:
4075:
4071:
4054:
4047:
4045:
4037:
4036:
4032:
4024:
4020:
4010:
4008:
4000:
3999:
3995:
3980:
3979:
3972:
3963:
3962:
3958:
3934:
3930:
3923:
3910:
3909:
3900:
3891:
3887:
3872:
3871:
3867:
3860:
3856:
3849:
3845:
3838:
3823:
3822:
3818:
3808:
3806:
3804:
3778:
3777:
3773:
3755:
3754:
3750:
3728:
3724:
3714:
3710:
3703:
3688:
3687:
3683:
3673:
3671:
3666:
3665:
3661:
3656:
3652:
3635:
3621:Ginzberg, Louis
3619:
3618:
3614:
3599:
3598:
3594:
3589:
3585:
3581:
3577:
3573:
3569:
3565:
3553:
3549:
3539:
3538:
3534:
3527:
3507:
3506:
3502:
3495:
3491:
3484:
3464:
3463:
3459:
3450:
3449:
3445:
3436:
3432:
3425:
3421:
3400:Ginzberg, Louis
3396:Jastrow, Marcus
3392:Jastrow, Morris
3390:
3389:
3380:
3373:
3369:
3354:10.2307/3267364
3339:
3338:
3334:
3326:
3322:
3315:
3302:
3301:
3297:
3290:
3277:
3276:
3272:
3260:
3256:
3243:
3239:
3232:
3212:
3208:
3178:
3177:
3170:
3163:
3147:
3146:
3139:
3105:
3100:
3099:
3095:
3088:
3075:
3074:
3070:
3063:
3059:
3052:
3039:
3038:
3029:
3019:
3017:
3009:
3008:
3004:
2994:
2992:
2984:
2983:
2979:
2972:
2957:
2956:
2952:
2943:
2939:
2932:
2917:
2916:
2912:
2902:
2901:
2897:
2887:
2885:
2877:
2876:
2869:
2859:
2857:
2849:
2848:
2844:
2837:
2822:
2821:
2817:
2810:
2795:
2794:
2790:
2783:
2762:
2761:
2754:
2744:
2742:
2740:
2725:
2724:
2720:
2715:
2711:
2707:
2702:
2701:
2692:
2688:
2680:
2676:
2667:
2663:
2648:
2644:
2629:
2625:
2595:
2591:
2545:מִגְדַּל בָּבֶל
2533:
2510:
2506:
2505:
2501:
2496:
2491:
2457:Enuma Anu Enlil
2436:
2431:
2429:
2422:
2417:
2415:
2408:
2403:
2401:
2398:
2365:The Rabbi's Cat
2231:Chris Huelsbeck
2199:Josiah Bancroft
2131:in 1993 at the
2089:Pieter Brueghel
2066:
2000:
1984:
1964:
1948:
1918:Dominican friar
1910:
1874:Greek mythology
1862:
1857:
1847:
1805:
1792:
1785:Book of the Bee
1776:
1749:
1730:
1707:
1673:
1644:
1627:
1606:
1587:
1580:
1573:The City of God
1563:
1546:
1500:
1484:(1648–1705) in
1477:
1385:language family
1344:Dante Alighieri
1338:Adamic language
1326:Hebrew language
1244:
1228:
1218:
1173:
1163:to the goddess
1134:
1086:
1075:Harut and Marut
1028:
1016:Sefer ha-Yashar
993:
987:
984:
962:
929:
899:
852:
846:
843:
820:
815:
744:
702:
692:Antiochus Soter
661:
656:
650:
609:
593:John Van Seters
562:
544:
505:John Mandeville
468:
457:
419:
379:
367:Priestly source
335:
325:
307:
301:
296:Genesis 11:1–9
295:
288:
280:
276:
271:
267:
262:
202:
130:Book of Genesis
70:
49:
48:מִגְדַּל בָּבֶל
35:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
5495:
5493:
5485:
5484:
5479:
5474:
5469:
5464:
5459:
5454:
5449:
5444:
5439:
5434:
5429:
5424:
5419:
5417:Tower of Babel
5409:
5408:
5402:
5401:
5399:
5398:
5392:
5390:
5386:
5385:
5383:
5382:
5377:
5372:
5366:
5364:
5360:
5359:
5357:
5356:
5351:
5344:
5339:
5334:
5328:
5326:
5322:
5321:
5319:
5318:
5313:
5308:
5302:
5300:
5296:
5295:
5293:
5292:
5286:
5280:
5274:
5268:
5262:
5256:
5250:
5244:
5238:
5232:
5226:
5219:
5217:
5215:Torah readings
5211:
5210:
5208:
5207:
5202:
5197:
5192:
5187:
5186:
5185:
5174:
5172:
5171:Notable verses
5168:
5167:
5165:
5164:
5158:
5148:
5142:
5139:Jacob's Ladder
5136:
5126:
5120:
5114:
5108:
5102:
5096:
5091:
5084:
5082:
5075:
5074:
5072:
5071:
5068:Tower of Babel
5065:
5059:
5053:
5052:
5051:
5046:
5035:
5029:
5023:
5022:
5021:
5010:
5009:
5008:
4996:
4994:
4987:
4986:
4983:
4982:
4974:
4973:
4971:
4970:
4963:
4956:
4948:
4939:
4938:
4936:
4935:
4924:
4921:
4920:
4918:
4917:
4912:
4907:
4902:
4897:
4892:
4886:
4884:
4880:
4879:
4877:
4876:
4871:
4864:
4859:
4852:
4847:
4842:
4836:
4834:
4830:
4829:
4827:
4826:
4821:
4816:
4811:
4806:
4801:
4796:
4791:
4786:
4781:
4775:
4773:
4769:
4768:
4766:
4765:
4760:
4758:Tower of Babel
4755:
4750:
4745:
4740:
4735:
4730:
4724:
4722:
4716:
4715:
4713:
4712:
4707:
4702:
4697:
4692:
4687:
4681:
4679:
4675:
4674:
4669:
4667:
4666:
4659:
4652:
4644:
4638:
4637:
4630:
4623:
4616:
4609:
4604:
4598:Tower of Babel
4594:SkyscraperPage
4591:
4582:
4577:
4569:
4568:External links
4566:
4565:
4564:
4547:Kyle Dugdale:
4545:
4538:
4529:
4522:
4516:
4509:
4500:
4485:
4468:
4454:, ed. (1911).
4452:Chisholm, Hugh
4448:
4426:
4423:
4421:
4420:
4388:
4381:
4364:
4345:
4326:
4315:. 13 June 2019
4300:
4276:
4272:The New Yorker
4259:
4241:
4234:
4208:
4194:
4167:
4160:
4140:
4133:
4107:
4086:
4069:
4030:
4018:
3993:
3970:
3956:
3928:
3921:
3898:
3885:
3865:
3854:
3843:
3836:
3816:
3802:
3771:
3748:
3722:
3708:
3701:
3681:
3659:
3650:
3612:
3592:
3587:
3583:
3579:
3575:
3571:
3567:
3563:
3562:: an-ki ningin
3547:
3532:
3525:
3500:
3497:Genesis 11:1–9
3489:
3482:
3457:
3443:
3430:
3419:
3378:
3367:
3332:
3320:
3313:
3295:
3288:
3270:
3254:
3237:
3230:10.2307/295030
3224:(3): 298–311.
3206:
3168:
3161:
3137:
3093:
3086:
3068:
3057:
3050:
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2427:
2424:Judaism portal
2413:
2397:
2394:
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2392:
2385:
2376:
2369:
2348:
2340:
2308:
2293:
2282:
2273:
2264:
2257:Tower of Babel
2247:
2228:
2215:
2206:
2195:
2184:
2173:
2163:
2152:
2136:
2121:
2108:
2086:
2065:
2062:
2014:Lozi mythology
1999:
1996:
1983:
1980:
1963:
1960:
1947:
1944:
1909:
1906:
1898:1.151–155 as:
1861:
1858:
1846:
1843:
1835:António Vieira
1827:José de Acosta
1752:); the Jewish
1739:; the Russian
1697:Cu cen mathair
1685:Sefer haYashar
1499:
1496:
1475:Pierre Besnier
1431:Abraham Mylius
1314:of Guatemala.
1243:
1240:
1217:
1214:
1172:
1169:
1140:, a man named
1138:Book of Mormon
1133:
1132:Book of Mormon
1130:
1126:Yahiya Emerick
1084:Lisān al-ʿArab
1027:
1024:
992:
989:
982:
969:pseudepigrapha
961:
958:
906:Tower of Babel
898:
892:
862:, but also to
851:
848:
841:
819:
816:
814:
811:
743:
740:
660:
657:
652:Main article:
649:
646:
636:, which means
632:, to the verb
608:
605:
588:Michael Coogan
561:
558:
543:
540:
418:
415:
387:Garden of Eden
378:
375:
365:former by the
334:
331:
315:Rudolf von Ems
306:
303:
293:
261:
258:
252:this reflects
226:folk etymology
201:
198:
136:and cultures.
118:Tower of Babel
112:
111:
105:
101:
100:
91:
87:
86:
81:
77:
76:
72:
71:
59:
51:
50:
44:
43:
42:Tower of Babel
26:
24:
18:Tower of babel
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
5494:
5483:
5480:
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5291:(47:28–50:26)
5290:
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5285:(44:18–47:27)
5284:
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4833:Controversies
4831:
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4738:Flood geology
4736:
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4725:
4723:
4721:
4717:
4711:
4708:
4706:
4703:
4701:
4698:
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4691:
4690:Creation myth
4688:
4686:
4683:
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4680:
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4672:
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4660:
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4651:
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4475:
4469:
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4464:
4458:
4457:"Babel"
4453:
4449:
4445:
4444:
4438:
4437:"Babel"
4433:
4429:
4428:
4424:
4409:
4408:
4403:
4401:
4392:
4389:
4384:
4382:4-575-16201-9
4378:
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4360:
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4285:Menon, Ramesh
4280:
4277:
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4260:
4255:
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4231:
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4212:
4209:
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4185:
4179:
4174:Reprinted as
4171:
4168:
4163:
4157:
4153:
4152:
4144:
4141:
4136:
4134:0-85170-623-1
4130:
4126:
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4120:
4111:
4108:
4103:
4099:
4098:
4090:
4087:
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3989:
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3957:
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3952:0-674-51052-6
3949:
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3941:
3937:
3932:
3929:
3924:
3918:
3914:
3907:
3905:
3903:
3899:
3896:, ii. 251–255
3895:
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3837:9780262661652
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3803:9781590306314
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3702:9780028642338
3698:
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3514:
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3509:Asimov, Isaac
3504:
3501:
3498:
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3479:
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3414:
3409:
3405:
3401:
3397:
3393:
3387:
3385:
3383:
3379:
3376:
3375:Genesis 10:10
3371:
3368:
3363:
3359:
3355:
3351:
3347:
3343:
3336:
3333:
3329:
3328:Levenson 2004
3324:
3321:
3316:
3310:
3306:
3299:
3296:
3291:
3289:0-06-063035-3
3285:
3281:
3274:
3271:
3267:
3265:
3258:
3255:
3251:
3250:abridged form
3247:
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3227:
3223:
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3216:
3210:
3207:
3202:
3198:
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3162:9780874846966
3158:
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3144:
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3138:
3133:
3129:
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3097:
3094:
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3072:
3069:
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3053:
3051:9780195332728
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3012:
3006:
3003:
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2856:
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2832:
2828:
2827:
2819:
2816:
2811:
2805:
2801:
2800:
2792:
2789:
2784:
2778:
2774:
2769:
2768:
2759:
2757:
2753:
2741:
2735:
2731:
2730:
2722:
2719:
2713:
2710:
2704:
2696:
2690:
2687:
2684:
2678:
2675:
2665:
2662:
2658:
2646:
2643:
2639:
2627:
2624:
2620:
2607:
2593:
2590:
2586:
2582:
2577:
2571:
2562:
2561:Ancient Greek
2557:
2551:
2542:
2538:
2537:
2528:
2503:
2500:
2493:
2488:
2485:
2483:
2480:
2478:
2475:
2473:
2470:
2468:
2465:
2463:
2460:
2458:
2455:
2453:
2450:
2448:
2445:
2444:
2439:
2428:
2425:
2414:
2411:
2400:
2395:
2390:
2386:
2383:
2382:
2377:
2374:
2370:
2367:
2366:
2361:
2357:
2353:
2349:
2346:
2345:
2341:
2338:
2334:
2333:
2327:
2326:
2321:
2320:
2315:
2314:
2309:
2306:
2305:
2301:
2298:
2294:
2291:
2287:
2283:
2280:
2279:
2274:
2271:
2270:
2265:
2262:
2258:
2254:
2253:
2248:
2245:
2244:
2239:
2237:
2232:
2229:
2226:
2222:
2221:
2216:
2213:
2212:
2207:
2204:
2201:has a series
2200:
2196:
2193:
2189:
2185:
2182:
2178:
2174:
2171:
2167:
2164:
2161:
2157:
2153:
2150:
2146:
2145:
2141:'s 1927 film
2140:
2137:
2134:
2130:
2126:
2122:
2119:
2118:
2113:
2110:The composer
2109:
2106:
2102:
2098:
2094:
2090:
2087:
2084:
2080:
2076:
2072:
2071:Douglas Adams
2068:
2067:
2063:
2061:
2059:
2055:
2051:
2047:
2043:
2039:
2035:
2031:
2027:
2023:
2019:
2015:
2011:
2007:
2006:
1997:
1995:
1993:
1989:
1986:According to
1981:
1979:
1977:
1974:and northern
1973:
1969:
1961:
1959:
1957:
1954:, holds that
1953:
1945:
1943:
1941:
1937:
1933:
1928:
1926:
1922:
1919:
1915:
1907:
1904:
1899:
1897:
1896:
1895:Metamorphoses
1891:
1887:
1883:
1879:
1875:
1866:
1859:
1856:
1852:
1844:
1842:
1840:
1836:
1832:
1828:
1823:
1821:
1817:
1816:
1811:
1800:
1799:
1787:
1786:
1782:
1771:
1767:
1766:
1761:
1760:
1755:
1744:
1743:
1738:
1737:
1725:
1721:
1720:
1715:
1714:
1702:
1698:
1694:
1689:
1687:
1686:
1681:
1680:
1668:
1667:
1662:
1661:
1656:
1652:
1651:
1639:
1635:
1634:
1622:
1621:
1616:
1612:
1601:
1600:
1595:
1591:
1575:
1574:
1569:
1568:St. Augustine
1558:
1557:
1552:
1541:
1540:
1535:
1531:
1530:On the Psalms
1527:
1523:
1522:
1517:
1513:
1509:
1505:
1497:
1495:
1493:
1492:
1487:
1481:
1476:
1471:
1469:
1465:
1461:
1456:
1455:Andreas Kempe
1452:
1448:
1444:
1440:
1439:Olaus Rudbeck
1436:
1432:
1428:
1424:
1420:
1416:
1412:
1408:
1407:
1402:
1398:
1395:in 1815; see
1394:
1390:
1386:
1383:
1382:Indo-European
1378:
1376:
1375:
1370:
1369:
1364:
1360:
1359:
1358:Divine Comedy
1353:
1351:
1350:
1345:
1341:
1339:
1335:
1331:
1327:
1322:
1320:
1315:
1313:
1309:
1305:
1301:
1300:Encounter Bay
1297:
1293:
1289:
1285:
1281:
1275:
1271:
1269:
1265:
1261:
1253:
1248:
1241:
1239:
1237:
1233:
1227:
1223:
1215:
1210:
1206:
1202:
1198:
1193:
1188:
1186:
1182:
1178:
1170:
1168:
1166:
1162:
1158:
1157:Book of Ether
1154:
1149:
1147:
1143:
1139:
1131:
1129:
1127:
1121:
1119:
1115:
1111:
1107:
1103:
1099:
1098:
1093:
1090:
1085:
1080:
1076:
1072:
1068:
1063:
1061:
1057:
1053:
1049:
1042:
1038:
1037:
1032:
1025:
1023:
1019:
1017:
1011:
1007:
1005:
1002:
997:
990:
981:
979:
972:
970:
966:
959:
956:
953:
949:
945:
938:
935:
924:
923:
915:
914:Louvre Museum
911:
907:
903:
897:
891:
889:
885:
881:
877:
873:
869:
865:
861:
857:
849:
840:
838:
834:
827:
825:
817:
812:
810:
808:
804:
799:
797:
793:
789:
785:
781:
777:
773:
769:
765:
761:
757:
756:
751:
750:Sumerian myth
747:
741:
739:
737:
733:
729:
725:
721:
716:
714:
710:
709:
697:
693:
689:
685:
681:
677:
670:
665:
658:
655:
647:
645:
643:
639:
635:
631:
627:
623:
619:
614:
606:
604:
602:
598:
594:
589:
585:
583:
579:
575:
571:
567:
559:
554:
553:
548:
541:
539:
537:
533:
529:
526:In his book,
524:
522:
517:
512:
510:
506:
502:
498:
493:
490:
486:
482:
481:circumference
478:
474:
463:
452:
448:
446:
442:
438:
435:
430:
428:
424:
416:
414:
412:
408:
402:
400:
396:
392:
388:
384:
376:
374:
372:
368:
363:
359:
355:
351:
346:
344:
340:
332:
320:
316:
311:
304:
299:
292:
286:
259:
257:
255:
251:
249:
243:
237:
235:
231:
227:
223:
219:
215:
211:
207:
199:
197:
195:
193:
188:
184:
180:
176:
172:
168:
164:
162:
156:
154:
150:
146:
142:
137:
135:
131:
127:
123:
119:
110:
109:§ Height
106:
102:
99:
95:
92:
88:
85:
82:
78:
73:
68:
64:
63:
57:
52:
45:
40:
37:
33:
19:
5462:Torah places
5442:Origin myths
5346:
5279:(41:1–44:17)
5273:(37:1–40:23)
5267:(32:4–36:43)
5261:(28:10–32:3)
5255:(25:19–28:9)
5249:(23:1–25:18)
5247:Chayei Sarah
5243:(18:1–22:24)
5237:(12:1–17:27)
5067:
5056:Curse of Ham
5006:Adam and Eve
4977:
4905:Created kind
4866:
4854:
4757:
4728:Adam and Eve
4588:
4560:
4548:
4541:
4532:
4525:
4519:
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4504:
4498:. B. Herder.
4495:
4478:
4461:
4441:
4413:13 September
4411:. Retrieved
4405:
4399:
4391:
4372:
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4359:The Atlantic
4358:
4348:
4342:(in French).
4339:
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4312:
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4279:
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4262:
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4183:
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4119:Blade Runner
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4110:
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4089:
4079:
4072:
4046:. Retrieved
4040:
4033:
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4009:. Retrieved
4005:
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3986:
3959:
3939:
3931:
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3888:
3878:
3868:
3862:Genesis 10:5
3857:
3851:Genesis 11:1
3846:
3826:
3819:
3807:. Retrieved
3788:
3780:Marvin Meyer
3774:
3764:
3751:
3742:
3733:
3725:
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3691:
3684:
3672:. Retrieved
3662:
3653:
3631:the original
3625:
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3607:James, M. R.
3601:
3595:
3578:-ra eme 1-am
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3541:
3535:
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3503:
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3427:Genesis 11:9
3422:
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3187:(1): 29–58.
3184:
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3152:
3118:(1): 31–32.
3115:
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3096:
3077:
3071:
3065:Genesis 10:5
3060:
3041:
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3015:NRSVUE Bible
3014:
3011:"Genesis 11"
3005:
2993:. Retrieved
2990:NRSVUE Bible
2989:
2980:
2960:
2953:
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2743:. Retrieved
2728:
2721:
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2682:
2677:
2664:
2645:
2626:
2592:
2585:Turris Babel
2556:Miḡdal Bāḇel
2502:
2438:Islam portal
2410:Bible portal
2379:
2373:social media
2363:
2355:
2351:
2342:
2336:
2332:Doom Eternal
2330:
2325:Doom Eternal
2323:
2317:
2311:
2302:
2276:
2267:
2256:
2250:
2241:
2235:
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2202:
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2042:Karen people
2022:Kongo people
2003:
2001:
1985:
1965:
1949:
1939:
1929:
1911:
1901:
1893:
1882:Gigantomachy
1871:
1838:
1830:
1824:
1819:
1813:
1796:
1783:
1763:
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1757:
1740:
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1717:
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1316:
1312:K'iche' Maya
1294:, the Kacha
1276:
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1252:Endre Rozsda
1229:
1205:Gustave Doré
1200:
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1150:
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1036:Turris Babel
1034:
1020:
1012:
1008:
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940:
934:Hebrew Bible
920:
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853:
850:Pseudo-Philo
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800:
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728:Isaac Asimov
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613:mythological
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5044:Sons of God
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4695:Creationism
4671:Creationism
4294:India Today
3809:14 February
3670:. Quran.com
3574:-ga den-lil
3474:McGraw-Hill
3439:Antiquities
2888:5 September
2860:4 September
2745:22 December
2238:game series
2225:DD National
2177:Soul Secret
2170:Babel Tower
2166:A. S. Byatt
2125:Adam Darius
2105:his woodcut
2101:M.C. Escher
2034:Kuki people
1921:Diego Durán
1806: 1284
1793: 1221
1777: 1200
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1750: 1113
1599:Etymologiae
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1478: [
1393:Rasmus Rask
1296:Naga people
1216:Linguistics
1185:great flood
1110:Abu al-Fida
1087: [
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607:Historicity
542:Composition
532:J.E. Gordon
319:Weltchronik
181:was called
177:, which in
122:origin myth
5411:Categories
5265:Vayishlach
5235:Lech-Lecha
5147:(32:22–32)
5049:Noah's Ark
4753:Noah's Ark
4011:24 October
3674:7 November
3517:Avon Books
3437:Josephus,
3348:(4): 580.
3266:in English
3087:1579582206
2705:References
2259:by artist
2227:from 1992.
2188:Ted Chiang
2160:On History
2144:Metropolis
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1992:Lake Ngami
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1765:Prose Edda
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1628: 833
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1564: 375
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1062:of Moses.
1004:xxxviii. 7
894:Josephus'
876:Japhetites
713:Zeus Belus
698:(c. 484 –
669:Etemenanki
659:Etemenanki
654:Etemenanki
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560:Authorship
536:cubic foot
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283:confused (
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5225:(1:1–6:8)
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5101:(14:1–17)
5058:(9:20–27)
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4058:cite book
3942:. Trans.
3794:Shambhala
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3264:Chronicle
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688:Alexander
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362:Augustine
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254:word play
236:origin.
200:Etymology
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5325:Analysis
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5283:Vayigash
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760:Enmerkar
758:, where
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509:furlongs
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294:—
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218:Akkadian
189:legend,
187:Sumerian
167:ziggurat
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4563:No. 5).
4537:(1976).
4340:Benzine
4319:13 June
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860:Hamites
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462:Orosius
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234:Semitic
230:Babilla
214:Babylon
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1411:Tuscan
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1280:Hermes
1254:(1958)
1165:Innana
1118:Hebrew
1106:Syriac
1067:Sura 2
978:gimlet
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864:Joktan
837:stades
833:cubits
792:Uri-ki
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784:Shubur
776:Aratta
626:Hebrew
622:Nimrod
477:stades
473:cubits
417:Height
399:Nimrod
377:Themes
356:, and
298:NRSVUE
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171:Marduk
153:Yahweh
145:Shinar
120:is an
104:Height
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5457:Sumer
5229:Noach
5129:Jacob
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4772:Types
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3716:Ether
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3558:Line
3358:JSTOR
3197:JSTOR
3128:JSTOR
3106:(PDF)
2657:hāʿîr
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2494:Notes
2462:Eridu
2300:manga
2297:shōjo
2181:BABEL
2079:Yahoo
2038:Assam
2030:Karbi
1976:India
1972:Nepal
1968:Tharu
1962:Nepal
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1756:work
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275:the L
242:bālal
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4748:Noah
4553:ISBN
4415:2023
4377:ISBN
4321:2019
4230:ISBN
4203:2018
4190:ISBN
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4129:ISBN
4064:link
4050:2014
4013:2018
3948:ISBN
3917:ISBN
3832:ISBN
3811:2022
3798:ISBN
3697:ISBN
3676:2013
3645:link
3521:ISBN
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2997:2022
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2862:2024
2831:ISBN
2804:ISBN
2777:ISBN
2747:2012
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