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1538:, Notholt, J., Sussmann, R., Warneke, T., Griffith, D., Sherlock, V., and Wunch, D.: The Greenhouse Gas Climate Change Initiative (GHG-CCI): comparative validation of GHG-CCI SCIAMACHY/ENVISAT and TANSO-FTS/GOSAT CO2 and CH4 retrieval algorithm products with measurements from the TCCON, Atmos. Meas. Tech., 7, 1723-1744, doi:10.5194/amt-7-1723-2014, 2014.
1504:
Deutscher, N. M., Sherlock, V., Mikaloff
Fletcher, S. E., Griffith, D. W. T., Notholt, J., Macatangay, R., Connor, B. J., Robinson, J., Shiona, H., Velazco, V. A., Wang, Y., Wennberg, P. O., and Wunch, D.: Drivers of column-average CO2 variability at Southern Hemispheric Total Carbon Column Observing
569:
New sites are admitted into the network when site investigators demonstrate required hardware, and data processing ability. Uniformity is maintained across the network by using the same FTS model and the same retrieval software. GGG is the software of the TCCON. It includes the I2S (interferogram to
1587:
Rodica
Lindenmaier, Manvendra K. Dubey, Bradley G. Henderson, Zachary T. Butterfield, Jay R. Herman, Thom Rahn, and Sang-Hyun Lee. Multiscale observations of CO2, 13CO2, and pollutants at Four Corners for emission verification and attribution. PNAS 2014 111 (23) 8386-8391; published ahead of print
1435:
Wunch, D., G. C. Toon, J.-F. L. Blavier, R. A. Washenfelder, J. Notholt, B. J. Connor, D. W. T. Griffith, V. Sherlock, and P. O. Wennberg (2011), The total carbon column observing network, Philosophical
Transactions of the Royal Society - Series A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences,
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Wunch, D., Wennberg, P. O., Messerschmidt, J., Parazoo, N. C., Toon, G. C., Deutscher, N. M., Keppel-Aleks, G., Roehl, C. M., Randerson, J. T., Warneke, T., and
Notholt, J.: The covariation of Northern Hemisphere summertime CO2 with surface temperature in boreal regions, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 13,
1567:
Petri, C., Warneke, T., Jones, N., Ridder, T., Messerschmidt, J., Weinzierl, T., Geibel, M., and
Notholt, J.: Remote sensing of CO2 and CH4 using solar absorption spectrometry with a low resolution spectrometer, Atmos. Meas. Tech., 5, 1627-1635, doi:10.5194/amt-5-1627-2012,
1514:
Messerschmidt, J., Parazoo, N., Wunch, D., Deutscher, N. M., Roehl, C., Warneke, T., and
Wennberg, P. O.: Evaluation of seasonal atmosphere–biosphere exchange estimations with TCCON measurements, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 13, 5103-5115, doi:10.5194/acp-13-5103-2013,
333:
The TCCON supports several satellite instruments by providing an independent measurement to compare (or validate) the satellite measurements of the atmosphere over the TCCON site locations. The TCCON provides the primary measurement validation dataset for the
1547:
M. Buchwitz et al.: The
Greenhouse Gas Climate Change Initiative (GHG-CCI): Comparison and quality assessment of near-surface-sensitive satellite-derived CO2 and CH4 global data sets., Remote Sens. Environ., 162, 344-362, doi:10.1016/j.rse.2013.04.024,
1318:
Yang, Z., R. A. Washenfelder, G. Keppel-Aleks, N. Y. Krakauer, J. T. Randerson, P. P. Tans, C. Sweeney, and P. O. Wennberg (2007), New constraints on
Northern Hemisphere growing season net flux, Geophysical Research Letters, 34(12), 1-6,
1637:
Morino, I. et al. (2011), Preliminary validation of column-averaged volume mixing ratios of carbon dioxide and methane retrieved from GOSAT short-wavelength infrared spectra, Atmospheric
Measurement Techniques, 4(6), 1061-1076,
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Buchwitz, M. et al. (2006), Atmospheric carbon gases retrieved from SCIAMACHY by WFM-DOAS: version 0.5 CO and CH4 and impact of calibration improvements on CO2 retrieval, Atmospheric
Chemistry and Physics, 6(9), 2727-2751,
1533:
Dils, B., Buchwitz, M., Reuter, M., Schneising, O., Boesch, H., Parker, R., Guerlet, S., Aben, I., Blumenstock, T., Burrows, J. P., Butz, A., Deutscher, N. M., Frankenberg, C., Hase, F., Hasekamp, O. P., Heymann, J.,
1557:
Gisi, M., Hase, F., Dohe, S., Blumenstock, T., Simon, A., and Keens, A.: XCO2-measurements with a tabletop FTS using solar absorption spectroscopy, Atmos. Meas. Tech., 5, 2969-2980, doi:10.5194/amt-5-2969-2012,
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Wunch, D., P. O. Wennberg, G. C. Toon, G. Keppel-Aleks, and Y. G. Yavin (2009), Emissions of greenhouse gases from a North American megacity, Geophys. Res. Lett., 36, L15810, doi:10.1029/2009GL039825.
373:
in 2005. Every year a meeting is held in a location that rotates between North America, the Western Pacific, and Europe hosted by a participating institution. In 2015 the meeting was held at the
439:. The main limitation to this technique is that measurements can not be recorded when it is not sunny (i.e. there are no measurements available at nighttime or when there is heavy cloud cover).
358:. Because TCCON measurements are of the entire column of atmosphere above a site (PBL and free troposphere are simultaneously measured) the measurements are an improvement over the traditional
1339:
Chevallier, F. et al. (2011), Global CO 2 fluxes inferred from surface air-sample measurements and from TCCON retrievals of the CO2 total column, Geophysical Research Letters, 38(24), 1-5,
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Data from each site is processed by the investigators that head that particular site. Atmospheric abundances of gases are uploaded and saved in uniform formats and data are hosted at
1524:
Wunch, D., et al.: A method for evaluating bias in global measurements of CO2 total columns from space, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 11, 12317-12337, doi:10.5194/acp-11-12317-2011, 2011.
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Boland, S. et al. (2009), The Need for Atmospheric Carbon Dioxide Measurements from Space : Contributions from a Rapid Reflight of the Orbiting Carbon Observatory,
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Crisp, D. et al.: The ACOS XCO2 retrieval algorithm, Part 2: Global XCO2 data characterization, Atmos. Meas. Tech. Discuss., 5, 1-60,
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Distinguishing between which of two power plants (~2000 MW each) plumes of polluted air came from in conjunction with a Pandora NO
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Butz, A. et al. (2011), Toward accurate CO2 and CH4 observations from GOSAT, Geophysical Research Letters, 38(14), 2-7,
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574:, and GFIT spectral fitting subroutines. GFIT is also the fitting algorithm that was used for ATMOS which flew on the
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1290:. Oak Ridge, Tennessee, U.S.A.: Carbon Dioxide Information Analysis Center, Oak Ridge National Laboratory.
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TCCON members collaborate from a variety of different institutions. In North America some of these include
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Wunch, D.; Toon, G. C.; Sherlock, V.; Deutscher, N. M.; Liu, X.; Feist, D. G.; Wennberg, P. O. (2015).
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The TCCON was established partly because of modeling errors between mixing efficiency between the
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Verifying Greenhouse Gas Emissions: Methods to Support International Climate Agreements,
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322:). The TCCON measurements have improved the scientific community's understanding of the
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Network sites, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 14, 9883-9901, doi:10.5194/acp-14-9883-2014, 2014.
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Cartoon oversimplification of column gas measurements by TCCON & satellite. O
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The TCCON is designed to investigate several things, including the flow (or
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mass gradient measurements between the northern and southern hemispheres.
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Data have been used for a variety of analyses. Some of these include
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Emission estimates of methane and carbon monoxide were made for the
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near surface measurements in this regard. TCCON has improved the CO
310:) of carbon between the atmosphere, land, and ocean (the so-called
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http://www.atmos-meas-tech-discuss.net/5/1/2012/amtd-5-1-2012.html
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Characterization of biosphere fluxes in the Southern Hemisphere
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https://tccon-wiki.caltech.edu/Network_Policy/Data_Use_Policy
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technique produces a precise and accurate measurement of the
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The satellite missions supported by the TCCON include the
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http://www.agu.org/pubs/crossref/2011/2011GL047888.shtml
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http://www.agu.org/pubs/crossref/2007/2007GL029742.shtml
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http://rsta.royalsocietypublishing.o.../2087.full.pdf
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National Institute of Water and Atmospheric Research
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1117:TCCON sites around the globe, as of January 2020.
1471:https://airbornescience.nasa.gov/instrument/MkIV
1148:with the Caltech Library and are available from
1296:10.14291/tccon.ggg2014.documentation.R0/1221662
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550:. In the western Pacific some of these include
1578:9447-9459, doi:10.5194/acp-13-9447-2013, 2013.
1458:http://remus.jpl.nasa.gov/atmos/onshuttle.html
1198:Covariation between surface temperature and CO
1187:Validation projects involving comparison of CO
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1404:
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338:mission, and has been used to validate other
8:
1220:Greenhouse Gases Observing Satellite (GOSAT)
560:National Institute for Environmental Studies
411:The main instrument at each TCCON site is a
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1669:http://www.atmos-chem-phys.net/6/2727/2006/
1648:http://www.atmos-meas-tech.net/4/1061/2011/
1121:green = active and public data available,
540:Royal Belgian Institute for Space Aeronomy
340:space-based measurements of carbon dioxide
18:
16:Global network monitoring greenhouse gases
1588:May 19, 2014, doi:10.1073/pnas.1321883111
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1181:between the biosphere and the atmosphere
1177:Evaluation of the seasonal exchange of CO
528:Max Planck Institute for Biogeochemistry
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1184:Numerous satellite validation projects
447:Current TCCON sites are located in the
1125:cyan = active and no public data yet,
369:The first annual TCCON meeting was in
1469:NASA JPL MkIV interferometer webpage
1361:http://www.nap.edu/catalog/12883.html
1228:Orbiting Carbon Observatory-2 (OCO-2)
232:Total Carbon Column Observing Network
20:Total Carbon Column Observing Network
7:
1424:https://tccon-wiki.caltech.edu/Sites
1251:Greenhouse Gases Observing Satellite
443:Participating sites and Institutions
522:. In Europe some of these include
336:Orbiting Carbon Observatory (OCO-2)
110:International collaborative network
14:
1167:using TCCON measurements and the
548:Pierre and Marie Curie University
524:Karlsruhe Institute of Technology
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536:Agencia Estatal de Meteorología
1482:TCCON data use policy webpage
1241:https://tccon-wiki.caltech.edu
1133:yellow = potential future site
512:Los Alamos National Laboratory
417:Fourier transform spectrometer
1:
1373:"About GOSAT - GOSAT Project"
1246:Orbiting Carbon Observatory 2
156:Nicholas Deutscher (2020-23)
152:Co-chair (W. Pacific / Asia)
1486:, accessed February 6, 2016
1473:, accessed February 6, 2016
1460:, accessed February 6, 2016
1426:, accessed February 6, 2016
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178:Bruker 125HR spectrometer
146:Thorsten Warneke (2020-23)
142:Co-chair (Europe / Africa)
126:near-IR solar spectroscopy
371:San Francisco, California
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552:University of Wollongong
328:greenhouse gas emissions
1665:10.5194/acp-6-2727-2006
1644:10.5194/amt-4-1061-2011
495:. A former site was in
204:Primary Gases (columns)
118:column GHG measurements
1442:10.1098/rsta.2010.0240
1436:369(1943), 2087-2112,
1140:Highlights of Data Use
423:primarily in the near
94:; 20 years ago
1706:Atmospheric chemistry
1603:10.5194/amtd-5-1-2012
1239:The TCCON home page:
1161:South Coast Air Basin
520:University of Toronto
407:Measurement technique
375:University of Toronto
301:Park Falls, Wisconsin
136:Debra Wunch (2020-23)
1692:at Wikimedia Commons
1623:10.1029/2011GL047888
1377:www.gosat.nies.go.jp
1345:10.1029/2011GL049899
1325:10.1029/2007GL029742
1150:http://tccondata.org
1114:class=notpageimage|
532:University of Bremen
21:
1444:. Available from:
1347:. Available from:
1327:. Available from:
260:Earth's atmosphere
188:GGG2014 / GGG2020
1688:Media related to
1214:Satellite support
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435:abundance of the
320:airborne fraction
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261:
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252:nitrous oxide
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324:carbon cycle
316:carbon cycle
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81:Abbreviation
1165:Los Angeles
1163:containing
485:South Korea
481:New Zealand
421:trace gases
356:troposphere
256:trace gases
1700:Categories
1263:References
1226:, and the
1171:inventory.
1041:Poker Flat
993:Wollongong
897:Park Falls
849:Ny-Ålesund
570:spectrum)
518:, and the
254:and other
198:23 (2015)
99:2004-05-26
68:Park Falls
1224:SCIAMACHY
961:Sodankylä
929:Rikubetsu
641:Białystok
625:Ascension
609:Anmyeondo
516:NASA Ames
477:Australia
437:trace gas
89:Formation
1605:, 2012,
1409:NASA.gov
1234:See also
425:infrared
220:O, HF, H
184:Software
115:Products
1146:Caltech
913:Réunion
504:Caltech
489:Réunion
461:Germany
360:in situ
346:History
258:in the
244:methane
216:, CO, N
166:Regions
123:Methods
97: (
38:Caltech
1301:12 May
1191:and CH
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1089:Burgos
1025:Manaus
833:Lauder
737:Eureka
705:Darwin
657:Cyprus
546:, and
497:Brazil
491:, and
469:France
465:Poland
457:Canada
413:Bruker
52:Lamont
1690:TCCON
1568:2012.
1558:2012.
1548:2015.
1515:2013.
1288:(PDF)
1105:Hefei
785:Izana
473:Japan
453:China
236:TCCON
194:Sites
132:Chair
84:TCCON
1303:2016
1169:CARB
945:Saga
564:JAXA
308:flux
296:-kon
230:The
212:, CH
107:Type
1661:doi
1640:doi
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1438:doi
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1321:doi
1292:doi
586:Map
572:FFT
508:JPL
352:PBL
314:or
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