105:
117:
682:. The text of the document signed by Russian Deputy Prosecutor General Sabir Kekhlerov stated: "Neither the Constitution of the RSFSR nor the Constitution of the USSR empowers the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR to consider changes in the constitutional legal status of Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republics, which are members of the union republics. In view of the above, the decision adopted in 1954 by the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the RSFSR and the Soviet on the transfer of the Crimean region of the RSFSR to the UkSSR did not correspond to the Constitution (Fundamental Law) of the RSFSR or the Constitution (Fundamental Law) of the USSR."
87:
569:(CPSU) on 25 January 1954, paving the way for the authorizing resolution of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the Soviet Union three weeks later. According to the Soviet Constitution (article 18), the borders of a republic within the Soviet Union could not be re-drawn without the agreement of the republic in question. The transfer was approved by the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the Soviet Union. The constitutional change (articles 22 and 23) to accommodate the transfer was made several days after the decree issued by the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet.
53:
945:
293:
165:
286:
931:
691:
300:
917:
780:, a quintessential element of Soviet and then of Russian foreign policy, the transfer had the intended effect of binding Ukraine inexorably to Russia, "Eternally Together", as a poster commemorating the event proclaimed. Other reasons given were the integration of the economies of Ukraine and Crimea and the idea that Crimea was a natural extension of the
482:, where the Tatars had Turkic ethnic kin, or to remove minorities from the Soviet Union's border regions. Nearly 8,000 Crimean Tatars died during the deportation, and tens of thousands perished subsequently due to the harsh exile conditions. The deportation resulted in the abandonment of 80,000 households and 150,000 hectares (360,000 acres) of land.
499:
764:, said of his motivation, "it was somewhat symbolic, somewhat trying to reshuffle the centralized system and also, full disclosure, Nikita Khrushchev was very fond of Ukraine, so I think to some degree it was also a personal gesture toward his favorite republic. He was ethnically Russian, but he really felt great affinity with Ukraine."
1271:
However, at that time, Ukraine could not fully claim jurisdiction over Crimea. Indeed, further legislative acts and constitutional amendments were needed to legitimise the territorial changes in that region. On 2 June 1954, the
Supreme Council of the Russian SFSR adopted the Law on the introduction
645:
had given their consent to the transfer of Crimea and so had complied with
Article 18 of the Soviet Constitution which stated that "the territory of a Union Republic may not be altered without its consent.", with the proceedings of the USSR Supreme Soviet Presidium meeting indicate that both the
1405:"Meeting of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics," 19 February 1954, History and Public Policy Program Digital Archive, GARF, f.7523 op.57, d.963, ll. 1-10. Published in "Istoricheskii arkhiv," issue 1, vol. 1 (1992). Translated by Gary Goldberg.
1272:
of changes and amendments to
Article 14 of the Constitution (Fundamental Law) of the SFSR, according to which the Crimean Region was excluded from Soviet Russia at the same time that the Supreme Council of the Ukrainian SFSR introduced changes to the Ukrainian Constitution.
724:. The transfer had taken place on the basis of "the integral character of the economy, the territorial proximity and the close economic and cultural ties between the Crimea Province and the Ukrainian SSR" and to commemorate the 300th anniversary of
560:
from the
Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic to the Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic. The documents which are now housed at the State Archive of the Russian Federation (GARF) do confirm that the move was originally approved by the
1809:
867:
184:
838:
and whether it was a part of the transfer as it had a degree of independence from the
Crimean Oblast and never formally ratified the transfer, although it was later mentioned as Ukrainian territory in the Soviet Constitution and the
905:) issued an opinion in 2014, concluding that the referendum was illegal under the Ukrainian constitution and that "circumstances in Crimea did not allow the holding of a referendum in line with European democratic standards."
453:
Crimea was transferred between various internal administrations within Russia. It was governed by 14 administrations during its time in the
Russian Empire and the Russian SFSR, up to its transfer to the Ukrainian SSR in 1954.
1771:
590:
To approve the joint presentation of the
Presidium of the Russian SFSR Supreme Soviet and the Presidium of the Ukrainian SSR Supreme Soviet on the transfer of the Crimea Province from the Russian SFSR to the Ukrainian SSR.
892:
in which 96% of the
Crimean population is reported to have voted "Yes." This move was denounced by the Ukrainian government and disregarded by most UN states, which continue to recognize Crimea as part of Ukraine. The
586:
Taking into account the integral character of the economy, the territorial proximity and the close economic and cultural ties between the Crimea
Province and the Ukrainian SSR, the Presidium of the USSR Supreme Soviet
2571:
1994:
252:
987:
Bezverkha, Anastasia (4 August 2015). "Reinstating Social
Borders between the Slavic Majority and the Tatar Population of Crimea: Media Representation of the Contested Memory of the Crimean Tatars' Deportation".
1841:
1245:
Yarmysh, Oleksandr; Cherviatsova, Alina (2016). "Transferring Crimea from Russia to Ukraine: Historical and Legal Analysis of Soviet Legislation". In Nicolini, Matteo; Palermo, Francesco; Milano, Enrico (eds.).
1829:
1804:
325:
179:
804:
considered the transfer to be controversial. Controversies surrounding the legality of the transfer remained a sore point in relations between Ukraine and Russia for the first few years after the
1764:
707:
654:
605:
634:, the Presidium of the Supreme Council gathered for a session on 19 February 1954 when only 13 of 27 members were present. There was no quorum, but the decision was adopted unanimously.
1881:
39:
646:
Russian SFSR and the Ukrainian SSR had given their consent via their republic parliaments, although Kramer also said that the "legal system in the Soviet Union was mostly a fiction".
1757:
146:
1819:
750:. Kramer believed that the transfer also aimed to greatly increase the number of ethnic Russians in the Ukrainian SSR which itself was going through problems integrating previous
1856:
1824:
562:
831:, the former Vice President of Russia, said that this was a “harebrained scheme”, and that those who signed the document must have been suffering from sunstroke or hangovers.
318:
1851:
1814:
1155:
1100:
470:
by the Soviet regime and the peninsula was resettled with other peoples, mainly Russians and Ukrainians. Modern experts say that the deportation was part of the Soviet
744:
1780:
1538:
1381:
885:
863:
650:
396:, as the Russian government has stated that the Ukrainians must recognize Russia's sovereignty over the territory as part of any negotiated settlement to end the
382:
155:
311:
1127:
2566:
1937:
351:
110:
637:
Mark Kramer professor of Cold War Studies at Harvard University countered that new sources have emerged showing that the republic parliaments of both the
1927:
1211:
721:
447:
242:
1692:
1419:
2060:
1445:
2561:
2375:
1188:
725:
699:
359:
851:
583:
On April 26, 1954 The decree of the Presidium of the USSR Supreme Soviet transferring the Crimea Oblast from the Russian SFSR to the Ukrainian SSR.
2365:
1891:
784:. There was also a desire to repopulate parts of Crimea with Slavic peoples, mainly Russians and Ukrainians, after the peninsula was subject to
2187:
1866:
247:
358:. The territory had been recognized within the Soviet Union as having "close ties" to the Ukrainian SSR, and the transfer commemorated the
257:
1598:
1496:
2541:
2009:
566:
355:
122:
2404:
2297:
439:
2551:
2536:
1962:
1942:
1896:
1653:
1257:
1040:
785:
535:
517:
467:
462:
Throughout its time in the Soviet Union, Crimea underwent a population change. Because of alleged collaboration with the Germans by
222:
62:
443:
381:
did not dispute the Ukrainian administration of Crimea for just over two decades, but retracted this stance on 18 March 2014, when
800:
The transfer increased the ethnic Russian population of Ukraine by almost a million people. Prominent Russian politicians such as
671:
2072:
2055:
1886:
1836:
1619:
549:
366:
339:
58:
1666:
739:, also claimed that the transfer was partly to help Khruschev's then-precarious political position against the Prime Minister
2556:
2162:
1901:
1846:
1161:
1104:
889:
1355:
854:, Russia recognized Ukraine's borders, and accepted Ukraine's sovereignty over Crimea. The treaty expired on 31 March 2019.
485:
The autonomous republic without its titled nationality was downgraded to an oblast within the Russian SFSR on 30 June 1945.
1086:
2195:
1972:
1734:
1471:
1310:
604:, which, among other things, excluded Crimea from list of subdivisions enumerated in article 14, and on 17 June 1954, the
374:
292:
1932:
386:
1717:
1999:
1967:
1861:
1645:
805:
703:
397:
199:
1957:
666:
1223:
2546:
2354:
2317:
2019:
2004:
1871:
1696:
968:
413:
347:
133:
601:
2397:
2370:
1602:
438:
were under the influence of the Ottoman Empire, while also bordering the Russian Empire. In 1774, following the
2526:
2157:
1906:
1876:
850:
took over in Crimea with the promise to return Crimea to Russia, although these plans were later shelved. In a
816:
679:
597:
392:
The Soviet-era transfer of Crimea has remained a topic of contention between the two countries in light of the
189:
596:
Consequently, amendments were made to the republican constitutions of Russia and Ukraine. On 2 June 1954 the
2531:
2387:
2382:
2182:
2167:
2090:
1952:
1567:
1284:
1247:
2445:
1336:
751:
471:
442:, the Russian and Ottoman empires agreed to refrain from interfering with the Crimean Khanate through the
34:
1583:
2029:
873:
272:
665:, to evaluate the legitimacy of 1954 transfer of Crimea and stated that the transfer violated both the
698:
The transfer of the Crimean oblast to Ukraine has been described as a "symbolic gesture", marking the
164:
2172:
768:, Khrushchev's son, claimed that the decision was due to the building of a hydro-electric dam on the
729:
2425:
2302:
1989:
1977:
1790:
1542:
958:
757:
706:, called the "Reunification of Ukraine with Russia" in the Soviet Union. It was also attributed to
393:
237:
694:
1954 Soviet propaganda stamp marking the 300th anniversary of Ukraine's reunification with Russia.
2307:
2276:
1749:
1624:
1013:
902:
809:
747:
736:
714:
2486:
2476:
2430:
1922:
1649:
1253:
1046:
1036:
1005:
963:
898:
894:
840:
828:
820:
801:
781:
765:
761:
710:
409:
232:
217:
17:
2312:
2271:
2256:
2246:
2215:
1500:
1218:
1151:
997:
740:
2496:
2455:
2292:
2266:
2236:
2177:
1406:
1136:
950:
777:
619:
428:
194:
1513:
2481:
2435:
2392:
2359:
2231:
2210:
2079:
2034:
1947:
1637:
1131:
936:
824:
789:
662:
557:
463:
435:
432:
424:
52:
944:
672:
446:. In 1783, following the increasing decline of the Ottoman Empire, the Russian Empire
2520:
2501:
2491:
2460:
2322:
2251:
2241:
2200:
2134:
1982:
1017:
922:
847:
769:
658:
642:
30:
2450:
2440:
2409:
2205:
2014:
1606:
638:
553:
343:
262:
92:
1285:"USSR's Nikita Khrushchev gave Russia's Crimea away to Ukraine in only 15 minutes"
1001:
690:
1458:
772:
and the consequent desire for all the administration to be under one body. Since
2327:
2261:
2129:
1568:
USSR's Nikita Khrushchev gave Russia's Crimea away to Ukraine in only 15 minutes
1064:
615:
475:
2067:
2050:
2024:
912:
877:
835:
773:
611:
267:
1249:
Law, Territory and Conflict Resolution Law as a Problem and Law as a Solution
1009:
868:
International reactions to the annexation of Crimea by the Russian Federation
2124:
2119:
2099:
1050:
631:
608:
added Crimea to article 18 of the 1937 Constitution of the Ukrainian SSR.
2109:
2104:
2084:
1586:, Crimea: Dynamics, Challenges and Prospects, edited by Maria Drohobycky
2114:
370:
285:
1667:"Ukraine Crisis: World Leaders React to Unfolding Disaster in Crimea"
881:
574:
479:
378:
299:
1337:"Генпрокуратура РФ: передача Крыма Украине в 1954–м была незаконной"
508:
provides insufficient context for those unfamiliar with the subject
689:
1539:
To understand Crimea, take a look back at its complicated history
1753:
1446:"Annexation of Crimea: A masterclass in political manipulation"
1340:
492:
1216:[Myth of illegality of the 1954 transfer of Crimea].
754:
territory due to organized Ukrainian nationalist resistance.
369:
in 1991, the Ukrainian SSR seceded from the Soviet Union and
2572:
Politics of the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic
1497:
Khrushchev's Son: Giving Crimea Back to Russia Not an Option
373:
continued to exercise sovereignty over the territory as the
1571:
1420:"Crimea: A Gift To Ukraine Becomes A Political Flash Point"
1189:"Crimea: A Gift To Ukraine Becomes A Political Flash Point"
819:
questioned the constitutionality of the transfer, accusing
713:, although the person who signed the document was Chairman
655:
Office of the Prosecutor General of the Russian Federation
578:, on 27 February 1954. The full text of the decree was:
1407:
https://digitalarchive.wilsoncenter.org/document/119638
760:, a political scientist and the great-granddaughter of
513:
852:
1997 treaty between the Russian Federation and Ukraine
136:
transferred to the Ukrainian SSR from the Russian SFSR
1594:
1592:
1128:"Historical claim shows why Crimea matters to Russia"
858:
Annexation of Crimea by the Russian Federation (2014)
622:
and was attached to the Crimean Oblast only in 1978.
572:
The decree was first announced, on the front page of
846:
In 1994, a Russian nationalist administration under
61:("About the Transfer of the Crimean Oblast") on the
2469:
2418:
2347:
2340:
2285:
2224:
2150:
2143:
2043:
1915:
1797:
128:
98:
80:
70:
1735:"Why Did Russia Give Away Crimea Sixty Years Ago?"
1472:"Why Did Russia Give Away Crimea Sixty Years Ago?"
1311:"Why Did Russia Give Away Crimea Sixty Years Ago?"
1087:"Why Did Russia Give Away Crimea Sixty Years Ago?"
427:, the Crimean Peninsula was independent under the
1693:"Sanctions threat grows as Ukraine tensions rise"
1620:Russia vs. Ukraine: A Case of the Crimean Jitters
458:Deportation of Crimean Tatars by the Soviet Union
419:Annexation of Crimea by the Russian Empire (1783)
1695:. Mainichi Shimbun. 4 March 2014. Archived from
745:First Secretary of the Ukrainian Communist Party
618:due to its importance as the port of the Soviet
1554:Vladimir P. Lukin, “Our Security Predicament”,
1356:"Russia testing the waters on Ukraine invasion"
630:According to a 2009 article on Russian website
1781:Annexation of Crimea by the Russian Federation
1599:Forget Kiev. The Real Fight Will Be for Crimea
1213:Мифы о незаконности передачи Крыма в 1954 году
864:Annexation of Crimea by the Russian Federation
792:to Central Asia by the Soviet regime in 1944.
735:Mark Kramer, professor of Cold War Studies at
1765:
827:and said that the transfer was illegitimate.
319:
8:
1065:"Chronology for Crimean Russians in Ukraine"
888:; the annexation was formalized following a
45:
2344:
2147:
1973:Autonomous Republic of Crimea (since 1995)
1772:
1758:
1750:
326:
312:
248:1997 Russian - Ukrainian Friendship Treaty
141:
51:
44:
2061:Building of the Supreme Council of Crimea
1182:
1180:
1178:
1035:. Armonk, N.Y.: M.E. Sharpe. p. 67.
536:Learn how and when to remove this message
185:International reactions to the annexation
1830:List of companies that applied sanctions
1418:Calamur, Krishnadev (27 February 2014).
1187:Calamur, Krishnadev (27 February 2014).
834:There was confusion about the status of
360:Union of Russia and Ukraine Tercentenary
979:
728:(also known in the Soviet Union as the
153:
1943:1944 deportation of the Crimean Tatars
657:accepted the request of the leader of
223:1944 deportation of the Crimean Tatars
46:Transfer of Crimea in the Soviet Union
1852:UN General Assembly Resolution 68/262
518:providing more context for the reader
423:Prior to being incorporated into the
7:
1720:, Venice Commission (21 March 2014).
1461:BBC News. Retrieved 30 December 2015
1380:Keating, Joshua (25 February 2014).
1210:Dmitry Karaichev (11 January 2013).
1103:. www.macalester.edu. Archived from
808:, and in particular in the internal
258:2006 anti-NATO protests in Feodosiya
2567:Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic
2010:2006 anti-NATO protests in Feodosia
1514:"The Transfer of Crimea to Ukraine"
1160:, SovietHistory.org, archived from
567:Communist Party of the Soviet Union
2405:Mejlis of the Crimean Tatar People
1842:Reaction of Russian intelligentsia
1558:, No. 88 (Autumn, 1992), pp. 57–75
1518:International Committee for Crimea
996:(2). Informa UK Limited: 127–139.
25:
1963:Republic of Crimea (1992 to 1995)
1928:1783 annexation by Russian Empire
1897:Capture of the Crimean Parliament
1444:Ragozin, Leonid (16 March 2019).
556:issued a decree transferring the
1892:Medal "For the Return of Crimea"
1887:Crimean speech of Vladimir Putin
1837:2014 anti-war protests in Russia
1354:Arutunyan, Anna (2 March 2014).
1126:Ignatius, David (2 March 2014).
943:
929:
915:
886:seized by the Russian Federation
680:Constitution of the Soviet Union
667:Constitution of the Russian SFSR
497:
468:all Crimean Tatars were deported
298:
291:
284:
163:
132:Administrative authority of the
115:
103:
85:
2562:Territorial evolution of Russia
743:through winning support of the
708:Communist Party first secretary
653:by the Russian Federation, the
550:Presidium of the Supreme Soviet
367:dissolution of the Soviet Union
340:Presidium of the Supreme Soviet
75:19 February 1954 – 17 June 1954
59:Presidium of the Supreme Soviet
2163:Council of Ministers of Crimea
1902:Capture of Southern Naval Base
1847:2014 Crimean status referendum
1825:List of sanctioned individuals
990:Journal of Borderlands Studies
776:in Crimea was the site of the
18:Transfer of the Crimean Oblast
1:
1978:1994–1995 President of Crimea
1085:Mark Kramer (19 March 2014).
1002:10.1080/08865655.2015.1066699
626:Question of constitutionality
375:Autonomous Republic of Crimea
1671:International Business Times
1222:(in Russian). Archived from
843:between Ukraine and Russia.
602:Russian Constitution of 1937
440:Russo-Turkish War of 1768–74
383:Crimea was annexed by Russia
2000:1998 Constitution of Crimea
1968:1992 constitution of Crimea
1867:2014 Constitution of Crimea
1857:Declaration of Independence
1646:University of Toronto Press
1252:. BRILL. pp. 151–152.
806:breakup of the Soviet Union
726:Ukraine's union with Russia
649:On 27 June 2015, after the
448:annexed the Crimean Khanate
398:Russian invasion of Ukraine
387:Russian military occupation
238:1994–95 President of Crimea
2588:
2542:Crimea in the Soviet Union
2005:2003 Tuzla Island conflict
969:Crimea in the Soviet Union
861:
600:adopted amendments to the
414:Crimea in the Soviet Union
407:
180:Timeline of the annexation
2398:National Guard of Ukraine
2158:Supreme Council of Crimea
1933:Crimean People's Republic
1787:
1459:Crimea profile – Overview
897:(an advisory body of the
606:Supreme Soviet of Ukraine
548:On 19 February 1954, the
478:and acquire territory in
156:2014 annexation of Crimea
50:
2552:Soviet internal politics
2537:1954 in the Soviet Union
1990:1994 Budapest Memorandum
1948:1945–1991 Crimean Oblast
1907:2014 Simferopol incident
1877:Crimean Federal District
1212:
1157:1954: The Gift of Crimea
1031:Rywkin, Michael (1994).
817:Supreme Soviet of Russia
786:large-scale deportations
700:300th anniversary of the
598:Supreme Soviet of Russia
444:Treaty of Küçük Kaynarca
243:1994 Budapest Memorandum
2388:Ukrainian Ground Forces
2383:Armed Forces of Ukraine
2183:Russian Airborne Troops
2168:Sevastopol City Council
1953:1954 transfer of Crimea
1820:International sanctions
823:of treason against the
400:, which began in 2022.
228:1954 transfer of Crimea
190:2014 Crimean referendum
2446:Valentyn Nalyvaichenko
2419:Lead figures (Ukraine)
1958:1991–1992 Crimean ASSR
1938:1921–1945 Crimean ASSR
1815:List of military units
1810:International reaction
1718:Opinion no. 762 / 2014
695:
594:
233:1991 Belavezha Accords
63:Supreme Council Herald
40:considered for merging
2557:Territorial evolution
2470:Lead figures (Crimea)
2298:Vladimir Konstantinov
2286:Lead figures (Crimea)
2225:Lead figures (Russia)
2030:Revolution of Dignity
2020:2012 law on languages
1995:1997 Partition Treaty
876:, the territories of
874:Revolution of Dignity
815:In January 1992, the
717:, the Soviet Union's
693:
580:
563:Presidium (Politburo)
466:during World War II,
273:Revolution of Dignity
253:1997 Partition Treaty
2355:Yatsenyuk government
2173:Russian Armed Forces
2025:2013–2014 Euromaidan
1882:Environmental impact
1499:, Andre de Nesnera,
1101:"The Gift of Crimea"
1033:Moscow's lost empire
730:Pereiaslav Agreement
704:Treaty of Pereyaslav
651:annexation of Crimea
2426:Oleksandr Turchynov
2303:Natalia Poklonskaya
1791:Russo-Ukrainian War
1543:The Washington Post
1382:"Khrushchev's Gift"
959:North Crimean Canal
514:improve the article
472:plan to gain access
394:Russo-Ukrainian War
385:after coming under
47:
2308:Rustam Temirgaliev
2277:Rustam Minnikhanov
2056:Simferopol Airport
1862:Republic of Crimea
1642:Ukraine: A History
1625:The New York Times
1618:Celestine Bohlen,
1609:, 25 February 2014
1574:, 19 February 2009
1545:, 27 February 2014
1291:. 19 February 2009
903:constitutional law
810:politics of Crimea
748:Oleksiy Kyrychenko
737:Harvard University
715:Kliment Voroshilov
696:
268:2013–14 Euromaidan
200:Republic of Crimea
2547:Nikita Khrushchev
2514:
2513:
2510:
2509:
2477:Mustafa Dzhemilev
2431:Arseniy Yatsenyuk
2336:
2335:
2015:2010 Kharkiv Pact
1923:History of Crimea
1152:Siegelbaum, Lewis
964:History of Crimea
899:Council of Europe
895:Venice Commission
841:Belavezha Accords
829:Alexander Rutskoy
821:Nikita Khrushchev
802:Alexander Rutskoy
782:Ukrainian steppes
766:Sergei Khrushchev
762:Nikita Khrushchev
711:Nikita Khrushchev
546:
545:
538:
410:History of Crimea
336:
335:
263:2010 Kharkiv Pact
218:History of Crimea
140:
139:
16:(Redirected from
2579:
2345:
2318:Sergei Yeliseyev
2313:Denis Berezovsky
2272:Oleg Belaventsev
2257:Valery Gerasimov
2247:Vladislav Surkov
2216:Ukrainian Choice
2188:Little green men
2148:
1872:Political status
1774:
1767:
1760:
1751:
1746:
1744:
1742:
1721:
1715:
1709:
1708:
1706:
1704:
1689:
1683:
1682:
1680:
1678:
1663:
1657:
1635:
1629:
1628:(23 March 1994).
1616:
1610:
1596:
1587:
1581:
1575:
1565:
1559:
1552:
1546:
1536:
1530:
1529:
1527:
1525:
1510:
1504:
1501:Voice of America
1494:
1488:
1487:
1485:
1483:
1476:wilsoncenter.org
1468:
1462:
1456:
1450:
1449:
1441:
1435:
1434:
1432:
1430:
1415:
1409:
1403:
1397:
1396:
1394:
1392:
1377:
1371:
1370:
1368:
1366:
1351:
1345:
1344:
1333:
1327:
1326:
1324:
1322:
1315:wilsoncenter.org
1307:
1301:
1300:
1298:
1296:
1281:
1275:
1274:
1268:
1266:
1242:
1236:
1235:
1233:
1231:
1226:on 16 March 2014
1219:Dzerkalo Tyzhnia
1207:
1201:
1200:
1198:
1196:
1184:
1173:
1172:
1171:
1169:
1164:on 10 March 2014
1148:
1142:
1141:
1123:
1117:
1116:
1114:
1112:
1107:on 10 March 2014
1097:
1091:
1090:
1082:
1076:
1075:
1073:
1071:
1061:
1055:
1054:
1028:
1022:
1021:
984:
953:
948:
947:
939:
934:
933:
932:
925:
920:
919:
918:
901:in the field of
758:Nina Khrushcheva
741:Georgii Malenkov
677:
674:
541:
534:
530:
527:
521:
501:
500:
493:
346:transferred the
328:
321:
314:
303:
302:
296:
295:
289:
288:
167:
142:
120:
119:
118:
108:
107:
106:
90:
89:
88:
76:
55:
48:
21:
2587:
2586:
2582:
2581:
2580:
2578:
2577:
2576:
2527:1954 in Ukraine
2517:
2516:
2515:
2506:
2497:Serhiy Kunitsyn
2465:
2456:Mykhailo Kutsyn
2414:
2332:
2293:Sergey Aksyonov
2281:
2267:Aleksandr Vitko
2237:Dmitry Medvedev
2220:
2178:Black Sea Fleet
2139:
2039:
1911:
1793:
1783:
1778:
1740:
1738:
1737:. Wilson Center
1732:
1729:
1724:
1716:
1712:
1702:
1700:
1699:on 4 March 2014
1691:
1690:
1686:
1676:
1674:
1665:
1664:
1660:
1638:Subtelny, Orest
1636:
1632:
1617:
1613:
1597:
1590:
1582:
1578:
1566:
1562:
1553:
1549:
1541:, Adam Taylor,
1537:
1533:
1523:
1521:
1512:
1511:
1507:
1495:
1491:
1481:
1479:
1478:. 19 March 2014
1470:
1469:
1465:
1457:
1453:
1443:
1442:
1438:
1428:
1426:
1417:
1416:
1412:
1404:
1400:
1390:
1388:
1379:
1378:
1374:
1364:
1362:
1353:
1352:
1348:
1343:. 27 June 2015.
1335:
1334:
1330:
1320:
1318:
1317:. 19 March 2014
1309:
1308:
1304:
1294:
1292:
1283:
1282:
1278:
1264:
1262:
1260:
1244:
1243:
1239:
1229:
1227:
1214:
1209:
1208:
1204:
1194:
1192:
1186:
1185:
1176:
1167:
1165:
1150:
1149:
1145:
1137:Tampa Bay Times
1125:
1124:
1120:
1110:
1108:
1099:
1098:
1094:
1084:
1083:
1079:
1069:
1067:
1063:
1062:
1058:
1043:
1030:
1029:
1025:
986:
985:
981:
977:
951:Politics portal
949:
942:
935:
930:
928:
921:
916:
914:
911:
872:After the 2014
870:
862:Main articles:
860:
798:
778:Black Sea Fleet
688:
669:
628:
620:Black Sea Fleet
593:
589:
588:
585:
584:
542:
531:
525:
522:
511:
502:
498:
491:
460:
429:Crimean Khanate
421:
416:
406:
332:
297:
290:
283:
278:
277:
213:
205:
204:
195:Crimean problem
175:
116:
114:
113:
104:
102:
86:
84:
74:
66:
43:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
2585:
2583:
2575:
2574:
2569:
2564:
2559:
2554:
2549:
2544:
2539:
2534:
2532:1954 in Russia
2529:
2519:
2518:
2512:
2511:
2508:
2507:
2505:
2504:
2499:
2494:
2489:
2484:
2482:Refat Chubarov
2479:
2473:
2471:
2467:
2466:
2464:
2463:
2458:
2453:
2448:
2443:
2438:
2436:Andriy Parubiy
2433:
2428:
2422:
2420:
2416:
2415:
2413:
2412:
2407:
2402:
2401:
2400:
2395:
2393:Ukrainian Navy
2390:
2380:
2379:
2378:
2373:
2368:
2357:
2351:
2349:
2342:
2338:
2337:
2334:
2333:
2331:
2330:
2325:
2320:
2315:
2310:
2305:
2300:
2295:
2289:
2287:
2283:
2282:
2280:
2279:
2274:
2269:
2264:
2259:
2254:
2249:
2244:
2239:
2234:
2232:Vladimir Putin
2228:
2226:
2222:
2221:
2219:
2218:
2213:
2211:Kuban Cossacks
2208:
2203:
2198:
2192:
2191:
2190:
2185:
2180:
2170:
2165:
2160:
2154:
2152:
2145:
2141:
2140:
2138:
2137:
2132:
2127:
2122:
2117:
2112:
2107:
2102:
2097:
2096:
2095:
2082:
2080:Crimean Bridge
2077:
2076:
2075:
2073:Belbek Airport
2065:
2064:
2063:
2058:
2047:
2045:
2041:
2040:
2038:
2037:
2035:40th G7 summit
2032:
2027:
2022:
2017:
2012:
2007:
2002:
1997:
1992:
1987:
1986:
1985:
1975:
1970:
1965:
1960:
1955:
1950:
1945:
1940:
1935:
1930:
1925:
1919:
1917:
1913:
1912:
1910:
1909:
1904:
1899:
1894:
1889:
1884:
1879:
1874:
1869:
1864:
1859:
1854:
1849:
1844:
1839:
1834:
1833:
1832:
1827:
1817:
1812:
1807:
1801:
1799:
1795:
1794:
1788:
1785:
1784:
1779:
1777:
1776:
1769:
1762:
1754:
1748:
1747:
1728:
1727:External links
1725:
1723:
1722:
1710:
1684:
1673:. 2 March 2014
1658:
1630:
1611:
1588:
1576:
1560:
1556:Foreign Policy
1547:
1531:
1505:
1503:, 6 March 2014
1489:
1463:
1451:
1436:
1410:
1398:
1372:
1346:
1328:
1302:
1276:
1258:
1237:
1202:
1174:
1143:
1132:PolitiFact.com
1130:. PunditFact,
1118:
1092:
1077:
1056:
1041:
1023:
978:
976:
973:
972:
971:
966:
961:
955:
954:
940:
937:Ukraine portal
926:
910:
907:
859:
856:
825:Russian people
797:
794:
790:Crimean Tatars
687:
684:
663:Sergey Mironov
627:
624:
581:
558:Crimean Oblast
544:
543:
505:
503:
496:
490:
487:
464:Crimean Tatars
459:
456:
436:Crimean Tatars
425:Russian Empire
420:
417:
405:
402:
348:Crimean Oblast
334:
333:
331:
330:
323:
316:
308:
305:
304:
280:
279:
276:
275:
270:
265:
260:
255:
250:
245:
240:
235:
230:
225:
220:
214:
211:
210:
207:
206:
203:
202:
197:
192:
187:
182:
176:
173:
172:
169:
168:
160:
159:
151:
150:
138:
137:
134:Crimean Oblast
130:
126:
125:
100:
96:
95:
82:
78:
77:
72:
68:
67:
65:, 9 March 1954
57:Decree of the
56:
28:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
2584:
2573:
2570:
2568:
2565:
2563:
2560:
2558:
2555:
2553:
2550:
2548:
2545:
2543:
2540:
2538:
2535:
2533:
2530:
2528:
2525:
2524:
2522:
2503:
2502:Yuliy Mamchur
2500:
2498:
2495:
2493:
2492:Ahtem Chiygoz
2490:
2488:
2485:
2483:
2480:
2478:
2475:
2474:
2472:
2468:
2462:
2461:Serhiy Hayduk
2459:
2457:
2454:
2452:
2449:
2447:
2444:
2442:
2439:
2437:
2434:
2432:
2429:
2427:
2424:
2423:
2421:
2417:
2411:
2408:
2406:
2403:
2399:
2396:
2394:
2391:
2389:
2386:
2385:
2384:
2381:
2377:
2374:
2372:
2369:
2367:
2366:Batkivshchyna
2364:
2363:
2361:
2360:Parliamentary
2358:
2356:
2353:
2352:
2350:
2348:Organizations
2346:
2343:
2341:Pro-Ukrainian
2339:
2329:
2326:
2324:
2323:Aleksei Chaly
2321:
2319:
2316:
2314:
2311:
2309:
2306:
2304:
2301:
2299:
2296:
2294:
2291:
2290:
2288:
2284:
2278:
2275:
2273:
2270:
2268:
2265:
2263:
2260:
2258:
2255:
2253:
2252:Sergey Lavrov
2250:
2248:
2245:
2243:
2242:Sergey Shoigu
2240:
2238:
2235:
2233:
2230:
2229:
2227:
2223:
2217:
2214:
2212:
2209:
2207:
2204:
2202:
2201:Russian Unity
2199:
2197:
2193:
2189:
2186:
2184:
2181:
2179:
2176:
2175:
2174:
2171:
2169:
2166:
2164:
2161:
2159:
2156:
2155:
2153:
2151:Organizations
2149:
2146:
2142:
2136:
2135:Novofedorivka
2133:
2131:
2128:
2126:
2123:
2121:
2118:
2116:
2113:
2111:
2108:
2106:
2103:
2101:
2098:
2093:
2092:
2088:
2087:
2086:
2083:
2081:
2078:
2074:
2071:
2070:
2069:
2066:
2062:
2059:
2057:
2054:
2053:
2052:
2049:
2048:
2046:
2042:
2036:
2033:
2031:
2028:
2026:
2023:
2021:
2018:
2016:
2013:
2011:
2008:
2006:
2003:
2001:
1998:
1996:
1993:
1991:
1988:
1984:
1983:Yuriy Meshkov
1981:
1980:
1979:
1976:
1974:
1971:
1969:
1966:
1964:
1961:
1959:
1956:
1954:
1951:
1949:
1946:
1944:
1941:
1939:
1936:
1934:
1931:
1929:
1926:
1924:
1921:
1920:
1918:
1914:
1908:
1905:
1903:
1900:
1898:
1895:
1893:
1890:
1888:
1885:
1883:
1880:
1878:
1875:
1873:
1870:
1868:
1865:
1863:
1860:
1858:
1855:
1853:
1850:
1848:
1845:
1843:
1840:
1838:
1835:
1831:
1828:
1826:
1823:
1822:
1821:
1818:
1816:
1813:
1811:
1808:
1806:
1803:
1802:
1800:
1796:
1792:
1786:
1782:
1775:
1770:
1768:
1763:
1761:
1756:
1755:
1752:
1736:
1733:Mark Kramer.
1731:
1730:
1726:
1719:
1714:
1711:
1698:
1694:
1688:
1685:
1672:
1668:
1662:
1659:
1655:
1654:0-8020-8390-0
1651:
1647:
1643:
1639:
1634:
1631:
1627:
1626:
1621:
1615:
1612:
1608:
1604:
1603:Andrei Malgin
1600:
1595:
1593:
1589:
1585:
1580:
1577:
1573:
1569:
1564:
1561:
1557:
1551:
1548:
1544:
1540:
1535:
1532:
1519:
1515:
1509:
1506:
1502:
1498:
1493:
1490:
1477:
1473:
1467:
1464:
1460:
1455:
1452:
1448:. Al Jazeera.
1447:
1440:
1437:
1425:
1421:
1414:
1411:
1408:
1402:
1399:
1387:
1383:
1376:
1373:
1361:
1357:
1350:
1347:
1342:
1338:
1332:
1329:
1316:
1312:
1306:
1303:
1290:
1286:
1280:
1277:
1273:
1261:
1259:9789004311299
1255:
1251:
1250:
1241:
1238:
1225:
1221:
1220:
1215:
1206:
1203:
1190:
1183:
1181:
1179:
1175:
1163:
1159:
1158:
1153:
1147:
1144:
1139:
1138:
1133:
1129:
1122:
1119:
1106:
1102:
1096:
1093:
1088:
1081:
1078:
1066:
1060:
1057:
1052:
1048:
1044:
1042:1-56324-236-2
1038:
1034:
1027:
1024:
1019:
1015:
1011:
1007:
1003:
999:
995:
991:
983:
980:
974:
970:
967:
965:
962:
960:
957:
956:
952:
946:
941:
938:
927:
924:
923:Russia portal
913:
908:
906:
904:
900:
896:
891:
887:
883:
879:
875:
869:
865:
857:
855:
853:
849:
848:Yuriy Meshkov
844:
842:
837:
832:
830:
826:
822:
818:
813:
811:
807:
803:
795:
793:
791:
787:
783:
779:
775:
771:
770:Dnieper River
767:
763:
759:
755:
753:
749:
746:
742:
738:
733:
731:
727:
723:
722:head of state
720:
716:
712:
709:
705:
701:
692:
685:
683:
681:
675:
668:
664:
660:
659:A Just Russia
656:
652:
647:
644:
643:Ukrainian SSR
640:
635:
633:
625:
623:
621:
617:
613:
609:
607:
603:
599:
592:
579:
577:
576:
570:
568:
564:
559:
555:
551:
540:
537:
529:
526:February 2021
519:
515:
509:
506:This article
504:
495:
494:
488:
486:
483:
481:
477:
473:
469:
465:
457:
455:
451:
449:
445:
441:
437:
434:
431:. The Muslim
430:
426:
418:
415:
411:
403:
401:
399:
395:
390:
388:
384:
380:
376:
372:
368:
363:
361:
357:
356:Ukrainian SSR
353:
349:
345:
341:
338:In 1954, the
329:
324:
322:
317:
315:
310:
309:
307:
306:
301:
294:
287:
282:
281:
274:
271:
269:
266:
264:
261:
259:
256:
254:
251:
249:
246:
244:
241:
239:
236:
234:
231:
229:
226:
224:
221:
219:
216:
215:
209:
208:
201:
198:
196:
193:
191:
188:
186:
183:
181:
178:
177:
171:
170:
166:
162:
161:
158:
157:
152:
148:
144:
143:
135:
131:
127:
124:
123:Ukrainian SSR
112:
101:
97:
94:
83:
79:
73:
69:
64:
60:
54:
49:
41:
37:
36:
35:Infobox event
32:
27:
19:
2451:Ihor Tenyukh
2441:Arsen Avakov
2410:Right Sector
2206:Night Wolves
2089:
1789:Part of the
1739:. Retrieved
1713:
1701:. Retrieved
1697:the original
1687:
1675:. Retrieved
1670:
1661:
1641:
1633:
1623:
1614:
1607:Moscow Times
1579:
1563:
1555:
1550:
1534:
1522:. Retrieved
1517:
1508:
1492:
1480:. Retrieved
1475:
1466:
1454:
1439:
1429:27 September
1427:. Retrieved
1423:
1413:
1401:
1389:. Retrieved
1385:
1375:
1363:. Retrieved
1359:
1349:
1331:
1319:. Retrieved
1314:
1305:
1293:. Retrieved
1288:
1279:
1270:
1263:. Retrieved
1248:
1240:
1228:. Retrieved
1224:the original
1217:
1205:
1193:. Retrieved
1166:, retrieved
1162:the original
1156:
1146:
1135:
1121:
1109:. Retrieved
1105:the original
1095:
1080:
1070:10 September
1068:. Retrieved
1059:
1032:
1026:
993:
989:
982:
871:
845:
833:
814:
799:
756:
734:
718:
697:
648:
639:Russian SFSR
636:
629:
610:
595:
582:
573:
571:
554:Soviet Union
547:
532:
523:
512:Please help
507:
484:
461:
452:
422:
391:
364:
352:Russian SFSR
344:Soviet Union
337:
227:
154:
111:Russian SFSR
99:Participants
93:Soviet Union
33:
26:
2487:İlmi Ümerov
2328:Igor Besler
2262:Igor Sergun
2144:Pro-Russian
2130:Arabat Spit
2044:Main places
1798:Main topics
1520:. July 2005
1482:12 February
1391:12 February
1321:12 February
1295:12 February
1265:28 February
670: [
616:closed city
476:Dardanelles
365:Amidst the
174:Main topics
29:‹ The
2521:Categories
2068:Sevastopol
2051:Simferopol
1916:Background
975:References
890:referendum
878:Sevastopol
836:Sevastopol
774:Sevastopol
686:Motivation
612:Sevastopol
408:See also:
404:Background
212:Background
2125:Strilkove
2120:Port Krym
2100:Perevalne
2094:scuttling
1572:Pravda.ru
1360:USA Today
1289:pravda.ru
1018:148535821
1010:0886-5655
796:Aftermath
632:Pravda.ru
614:became a
350:from the
38:is being
2362:parties
2194:Crimean
2110:Dzhankoi
2105:Armiansk
2085:Donuzlav
1805:Timeline
1741:28 March
1648:) 2000,
1051:28889426
909:See also
678:and the
673:Wikidata
641:and the
587:decrees:
147:a series
145:Part of
81:Location
42:. ›
31:template
2371:Svoboda
2115:Chonhar
2091:Ochakov
1703:4 March
1677:4 March
1524:9 March
1365:2 March
1195:2 March
1168:3 March
1111:6 March
719:de jure
661:party,
565:of the
552:of the
474:to the
371:Ukraine
354:to the
342:of the
129:Outcome
2196:Berkut
1652:
1584:Page 5
1256:
1230:31 May
1049:
1039:
1016:
1008:
882:Crimea
752:Polish
575:Pravda
489:Decree
480:Turkey
433:Turkic
379:Russia
149:on the
121:
109:
91:
1656:, 600
1386:Slate
1191:. NPR
1014:S2CID
884:were
702:1654
676:]
2376:UDAR
1743:2014
1705:2014
1679:2014
1650:ISBN
1526:2014
1484:2017
1431:2017
1393:2017
1367:2014
1323:2017
1297:2017
1267:2018
1254:ISBN
1232:2015
1197:2014
1170:2014
1113:2014
1072:2021
1047:OCLC
1037:ISBN
1006:ISSN
880:and
866:and
412:and
71:Date
1424:NPR
1341:BBC
998:doi
788:of
732:).
516:by
389:.
362:.
2523::
1669:.
1640:,
1622:,
1605:,
1601:,
1591:^
1570:,
1516:.
1474:.
1422:.
1384:.
1358:.
1339:.
1313:.
1287:.
1269:.
1177:^
1154:,
1134:.
1045:.
1012:.
1004:.
994:32
992:.
812:.
450:.
377:.
1773:e
1766:t
1759:v
1745:.
1707:.
1681:.
1644:(
1528:.
1486:.
1433:.
1395:.
1369:.
1325:.
1299:.
1234:.
1199:.
1140:.
1115:.
1089:.
1074:.
1053:.
1020:.
1000::
539:)
533:(
528:)
524:(
520:.
510:.
327:e
320:t
313:v
20:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
