1735:
43:
1719:
1627:
464:
2028:
1704:
1688:
31:
1666:
2040:
68:
6034:
6046:
411:
6097:
6073:
6109:
6085:
476:
November 15, 1999 was such a transit, with the transit being a full transit for most of the world, but only a partial transit for
Australia, New Zealand, and Antarctica. The previous such transit was on October 28, 743 and the next will be on May 11, 2391. While these events are very rare, two such transits will occur within
362:
Similarly transits that occur 217 years apart can be grouped into a series. For
November transits each series would include about 135 transits over 30,000 years. For May transits each series would include about 110 transits over 24,000 years. For both the May and November series, the path of Mercury
358:
Transits that occur 46 years apart can be grouped into a series. For
November transits each series includes about 20 transits over 874 years, with the path of Mercury across the Sun passing further north than for the previous transit. For May transits each series includes about 10 transits over 414
493:
Secondly, it is possible for a transit to occur in which, at mid-transit, the disk of
Mercury has partially entered the disk of the Sun as seen from some parts of the world, while as seen from other parts of the world Mercury completely misses the Sun. Such a transit last occurred on May 11, 1937,
475:
Firstly, it is possible for a transit to occur such that, at mid-transit, the disk of
Mercury has fully entered the disk of the Sun as seen from some parts of the world, while as seen from other parts of the world the disk of Mercury has only partially entered the disk of the Sun. The transit of
534:
in London was used for the 1832 Mercury transit. It was equipped with a micrometer by
Dollond and was used for a report of the events as seen through the small refractor. By observing the transit in combination with timing it and taking measures, a diameter for the planet was taken. They also
385:, which, during a transit, is too small to be seen without a telescope. A common observation made at a transit is recording the times when the disk of Mercury appears to be in contact with the limb of the Sun. Those contacts are traditionally referred to as the 1st, 2nd, 3rd and 4th
205:
Transits of
Mercury occur on a regular basis. As explained in 1882 by Newcomb, the interval between passages of Mercury through the ascending node of its orbit is 87.969 days, and the interval between the Earth's passage through that same longitude is 365.254 days. Using
389:– with the 2nd and 3rd contacts occurring when the disk of Mercury is fully on the disk of the sun. As a general rule, 1st and 4th contacts cannot be accurately detected, while 2nd and 3rd contacts are readily visible within the constraints of the Black Drop effect,
338:
For May transits, intervals of 6 and 7 years are not possible. For
November transits, an interval of 6 years is possible but rare (the last such pair was 1993 and 1999, with both transits being very close to the solar limb), while an interval of 7 years is to be
396:
Observed contact times for transits between 1677 and 1881 are given in S Newcomb's analysis of transits of
Mercury. Observed 2nd and 3rd contacts times for transits between 1677 and 1973 are given in Royal Greenwich Observatory Bulletin No.181, 359-420 (1975).
101:
occur in May or
November. The last four such transits occurred on May 7, 2003; November 8, 2006; May 9, 2016; and November 11, 2019. The next will occur on November 13, 2032. A typical transit lasts several hours. Mercury transits are much more frequent than
142:
of its orbit, it passes through the orbital plane of the Earth. If an inferior conjunction occurs as Mercury is passing through its orbital node, the planet can be seen to pass across the disk of the Sun in an event called a transit. Depending on the
494:
when a partial transit occurred in southern Africa and southern Asia and no transit was visible from Europe and northern Asia. The previous such transit was on October 21, 1342 and the next will be on May 13, 2608.
517:
Images of the November 15, 1999 transit from the Transition Region and Coronal explorer (TRACE) satellite were on Astronomy Picture of the Day (APOD) on November 19. Three APODs featured the May 9, 2016 transit.
359:
years, with the path of Mercury across the Sun passing further south than for the previous transit. Some authors have allocated a series number to transits on the basis of this 46-year grouping.
498:
The possibility that, at mid-transit, Mercury is seen to be fully on the solar disk from some parts of the world, and completely miss the Sun as seen from other parts of the world cannot occur.
210:
approximations of the ratio of these values, it can be shown that Mercury will make an almost integral number of revolutions about the Sun over intervals of 6, 7, 13, 33, 46, and 217 years.
194:), with the angular diameter of Mercury being about 12″ for May transits, and 10″ for November transits. The average date for a transit increases over centuries as a result of Mercury's
213:
In 1894 Crommelin noted that at these intervals, the successive paths of Mercury relative to the Sun are consistently displaced northwards or southwards. He noted the displacements as:
97:, Mercury appears as a tiny black dot moving across the Sun as the planet obscures a small portion of the solar disk. Because of orbital alignments, transits viewed from
845:
in Lancashire to determine solar parallax, also noted by Jean Charles Gallet in Avignon; as reported in a letter from John Flamsteed to Johannes Hevelius May 23, 1678.
2780:. Highlights of Astronomy, Vol. 13, as presented at the XXVth General Assembly of the IAU - 2003 . San Francisco, CA: Astronomical Society of the Pacific. p. 70.
334:
Comparing these displacements with the solar diameter (about 31.7′ in May, and 32.4′ in November) the following may be deduced about the interval between transits:
2909:
Cudnik, Brian M. (March 2004). "Black drops and gray drops - multi-color CCD observations of the 1999 Mercury transit and application to the 2004 Venus event".
2039:
363:
across the Sun passes further north than for the previous transit. Series numbers have not been traditionally allocated on the basis of the 217 year grouping.
2027:
539:
I afterwards observed, that immediately around the planet there was a dusky tinge, making it appear as if, in a small degree sunk below the sun's surface.
4183:
186:
Transits of Mercury can only occur when the Earth is aligned with a node of Mercury's orbit. Currently that alignment occurs within a few days of May 8 (
2476:
Pasachoff, Jay M.; Sheehan, William (March 2012). "Lomonosov, the discovery of Venus's atmosphere, and the eighteenth-century transits of Venus".
2117:
5912:
4236:
4121:
3145:
150:
Transit events are useful for studying the planet and its orbit. Examples of the scientific investigations based on transits of Mercury are:
1514:
2519:
Pasachoff, Jay M.; et al. (September 2008). "Total Solar Irradiance at the 2006 Transit of Mercury and Application to Transiting".
1709:
Entire transit in S. America, eastern N. America, western Europe; part of transit everywhere else except Australia and far eastern Asia.
428:
2403:"TRACE Observations of the 15 November 1999 Transit of Mercury and the Black Drop Effect: Considerations for the 2004 Transit of Venus"
4226:
3300:
3232:
2793:
2760:
2264:
1734:
450:
42:
4136:
3135:
1718:
1626:
463:
6134:
5844:
5738:
4267:
4257:
4176:
3250:"Account of Mr. Abraham Sharp's observations of the transit of Mercury in April 1707, and Flamsteed's correspondence thereon"
2141:
Innes, R. T. A. (November 1925). "Transits of Mercury, 1677-1924. 5. Differential Corrections to the Tabular Elements, Etc".
1991:
432:
1703:
4575:
6063:
4898:
3429:
3388:
2357:"The opportunity of the 2016 transit of Mercury for measuring the solar diameter and recommendations for the observation"
354:
A transit having an almost identical path across the Sun will occur 217 years later – for both November and May transits.
6139:
5894:
5864:
5758:
5733:
4818:
4141:
3087:
3062:
3037:
3012:
2013:
1998:
1315:
531:
351:
A transit having a similar path across the sun will occur 46 (and 171) years later – for both November and May transits.
6129:
4798:
4203:
1687:
5338:
4241:
5388:
5343:
5138:
4585:
1377:
1033:
777:
765:
147:
of the transit and the position of the planet Mercury in its orbit, the maximum length of this event is 7 50.
4698:
421:
6037:
4603:
4169:
2447:. Mercury, 25th meeting of the IAU, Joint Discussion 2, 16 July 2003, Sydney, Australia, meeting abstract id.5.
5839:
5743:
2003:
5763:
2356:
2312:
Parkinson, J. H.; et al. (December 1980). "The constancy of the solar diameter over the past 250 years".
106:, with about 13 or 14 per century, primarily because Mercury is closer to the Sun and orbits it more rapidly.
747:, reported in letter to Henry Osbourne, January 1652. Shakerly is thought to have died in India around 1655.
174:, including calling into question the purported discovery of the atmosphere of Venus during the 1761 transit.
5993:
5483:
4893:
4320:
345:
An interval of 20 years is possible but rare for a May transit, but is to be expected for November transits.
5926:
5398:
5293:
4330:
3793:
2285:
Newcomb, Simon (1882). "Discussion and results of observations on transits of Mercury from 1677 to 1881".
2102:
Stars and Telescopes: A Hand-book of Popular Astronomy, Founded on the 9th Ed. of Lynn's Celestial Motions
996:
5283:
5668:
5493:
5488:
5423:
5078:
4883:
4828:
4658:
4638:
4231:
4147:
Scroll a little bit down and then click on 40540. You will get then a table from −125,000 till +125,000.
1479:
Only visible as partial transit in Southern Africa, Southern Arabia, South Asia, and Western Australia.
535:
reported the peculiar effects that they compared to pressing a coin into the Sun. The observer remarked:
5783:
3162:
2832:
Morrison, L. V.; Ward, C. G. (1975). "Collected observations of the transits of Mercury 1677 - 1973".
2402:
30:
5793:
5773:
5673:
5558:
5548:
5333:
5238:
4998:
4878:
4843:
4723:
4693:
4688:
4643:
4532:
4381:
4335:
4300:
4280:
4001:
3844:
3818:
3764:
3734:
3708:
3671:
3630:
3589:
3548:
3508:
3467:
3360:
3261:
3203:
2972:
2945:
2918:
2841:
2781:
2721:
2669:
2555:
2528:
2485:
2458:
2417:
2377:
2321:
2294:
2222:
2181:
2150:
740:
527:
390:
135:
94:
1665:
514:
had predicted the occurrence of transits of Mercury and Venus in his ephemerides published in 1630.
471:
Sometimes Mercury appears to only graze the Sun during a transit. There are two possible scenarios:
161:
Investigations of the variability of the Earth's rotation and of the tidal acceleration of the Moon.
6049:
5881:
5753:
5653:
5648:
5528:
5518:
5498:
5453:
5318:
5033:
4933:
4873:
4803:
4718:
4678:
4608:
4345:
4305:
4285:
2587:
1373:
386:
6045:
3115:
6113:
6101:
6013:
5834:
5808:
5728:
5693:
5663:
5658:
5408:
5378:
5278:
5193:
5183:
5168:
5163:
5073:
4973:
4963:
4913:
4868:
4793:
4763:
4753:
4628:
4623:
4598:
4570:
4340:
4310:
4290:
3325:
2988:
2501:
2448:
2367:
2337:
1397:
769:
207:
134:
The orbit of the planet Mercury lies interior to that of the Earth, and thus it can come into an
4848:
4733:
4151:
4127:
NASA Astronomy Picture of the Day: NASA: Image from the transit of Mercury in 2003 (27 May 2003)
3725:
McEwen, H. (January 1926). "Reports of the Observing Sections: Transit of Mercury, 1924 May 7".
3537:"Observations of the Transit of Mercury, 1878, May 6, made at the Royal Observatory, Greenwich"
5628:
5553:
5478:
5458:
5418:
5373:
5368:
5358:
5353:
5298:
5203:
5198:
5158:
5093:
5063:
5058:
5048:
5028:
4988:
4948:
4928:
4853:
4813:
4788:
4743:
4713:
4401:
4386:
4325:
4315:
4295:
3413:
3329:
3296:
3290:
3228:
3141:
2789:
2756:
2260:
2100:
1518:
1421:
773:
557:
171:
144:
119:
114:
54:
2750:
2254:
6077:
5798:
5778:
5688:
5638:
5633:
5618:
5603:
5593:
5573:
5568:
5508:
5473:
5468:
5463:
5438:
5428:
5413:
5383:
5348:
5328:
5268:
5263:
5248:
5218:
5213:
5208:
5148:
5083:
5068:
5043:
5038:
5018:
5003:
4983:
4978:
4953:
4918:
4863:
4858:
4823:
4783:
4748:
4673:
4668:
4633:
4618:
4527:
4517:
4497:
4464:
4459:
4431:
4416:
4396:
4192:
3772:
3679:
3638:
3597:
3556:
3516:
3475:
3456:"Observations of the solar eclipse, May 5, 1845, and of the transit of Mercury, May 8, 1845"
3368:
3269:
3222:
2980:
2884:
2810:
2729:
2493:
2425:
2329:
2230:
2189:
2008:
1148:
842:
367:
199:
195:
103:
86:
46:
4157:
Links to high-resolution video from a major solar telescope and more about several transits
5768:
5723:
5718:
5703:
5698:
5683:
5678:
5608:
5588:
5583:
5538:
5513:
5503:
5443:
5433:
5323:
5253:
5233:
5188:
5153:
5108:
5103:
5098:
5088:
5023:
5013:
4968:
4923:
4908:
4903:
4888:
4808:
4778:
4773:
4728:
4653:
4593:
4565:
4560:
4512:
4502:
4474:
4469:
4421:
4411:
4275:
1278:
1237:
703:
511:
507:
187:
90:
3163:"Jeremy Shakerly (1626-1655?) Astronomy, astrology and patronage in Civil War Lancashire"
2072:
34:
The transit of Mercury on May 9, 2016. Mercury is visible to the lower left of center. A
4005:
3848:
3822:
3768:
3738:
3712:
3675:
3634:
3593:
3552:
3512:
3471:
3364:
3265:
3207:
2976:
2949:
2922:
2845:
2785:
2725:
2687:
2673:
2559:
2532:
2489:
2462:
2421:
2381:
2325:
2298:
2226:
2185:
2154:
577:
The telescopes were mobile and were placed on the terrace for the several observations.
5813:
5803:
5788:
5748:
5713:
5708:
5598:
5578:
5563:
5543:
5533:
5523:
5448:
5403:
5393:
5363:
5313:
5308:
5303:
5288:
5258:
5228:
5223:
5178:
5173:
5133:
5123:
5113:
5008:
4993:
4958:
4943:
4838:
4833:
4768:
4738:
4703:
4683:
4663:
4648:
4613:
4537:
4454:
4449:
4363:
2911:
Journal of the Association of Lunar & Planetary Observers, the Strolling Astronomer
2170:"The rotation of the earth, and the secular accelerations of the sun, moon and planets"
1274:
191:
67:
2497:
6123:
5818:
5623:
5613:
5273:
5243:
5143:
5128:
4938:
4708:
4555:
4479:
4406:
4391:
4146:
4097:
3699:
Slater, R. C.; Slater, S. (November 1914). "Papers Communicated to the Association".
2992:
1417:
895:
838:
381:
2505:
6089:
5643:
5118:
5053:
4758:
4507:
4426:
2341:
1336:
155:
139:
17:
3835:
Archer, S. (1953). "Observations of the Transit of Mercury: 1953 November 14th".
3317:
2859:
2688:"How to See Mercury Through a Telescope: A Comprehensive Guide – Telescopes Geek"
2546:
Crommelin, A. C. D. (December 1894). "On the recurrence of transits of Mercury".
2429:
5959:
2636:
1442:
1152:
1127:
1041:
410:
4142:
Transits of Mercury on Earth – Fifteen millennium catalog: 5 000 BC – 10 000 AD
4071:
4045:
4019:
3966:
3940:
3914:
3888:
3862:
2984:
2963:
van Helden, Albert (1976). "The Importance of the Transit of Mercury of 1631".
506:
The first observation of a Mercury transit was observed on November 7, 1631 by
5944:
4522:
3753:"Observation of the transit of Mercury, 1927 November 10, at Leiston, Suffolk"
2734:
2709:
2235:
2210:
1037:
366:
Predictions of transits of Mercury covering many years are available at NASA,
110:
3777:
3752:
3684:
3659:
3602:
3577:
3561:
3536:
3521:
3496:
3480:
3455:
3333:
3274:
3249:
2194:
2169:
348:
An interval of 33 years is to be expected for both May and November transits.
342:
An interval of 13 years is to be expected for both May and November transits.
6018:
5976:
5952:
4132:
Shadow & Substance.com: Transit of Mercury Animated for November 8, 2006
3643:
3618:
3578:"Transit of Mercury 1881, November 7-8, observed at Windsor New South Wales"
3373:
3348:
781:
4126:
3082:
3057:
3032:
3007:
3221:
Flamsteed, John; et al. (1995). Forbes, Eric G.; et al. (eds.).
1641:
Partial transit in Australia, Antarctica, and New Zealand's South Island.
585:
The table below includes all historical transits of Mercury from 1605 on:
5904:
2453:
118:
observed the planet Mercury transiting the Sun, marking the first time a
35:
510:. He was surprised by the small size of the planet compared to the Sun.
2046:
435: in this section. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
164:
Measuring the mass of Venus from secular variations in Mercury's orbit.
66:
4131:
2333:
785:
83:
4122:
NASA: Transits of Mercury, Seven Century Catalog: 1601 CE to 2300 CE
3619:"Mercury, transit of, 1894 November 10, observed at Sidmouth, Devon"
393:, atmospheric conditions, and the quality of the optics being used.
6084:
4137:
Transits of Mercury – Fourteen century catalog: 1 601 AD – 3 000 AD
2612:
2372:
4156:
3227:. Vol. 1. Institute of Physics Publishing. pp. 624–627.
2936:
Wilson, Herbert C. (January 1937). "Planetary Phenomena in 1937".
2256:
The Earth's Variable Rotation: Geophysical Causes and Consequences
744:
567:
Foucault-Eichens reflector (20 centimetres (7.9 in) aperture)
462:
123:
98:
41:
3792:
Office, United States Naval Observatory Nautical Almanac (1936).
3660:"Mercury, transit of, 1907 November 14, observed at Johannesburg"
564:
Foucault-Eichens reflector (40 centimetres (16 in) aperture)
378:
At inferior conjunction, the planet Mercury subtends an angle of
177:
Assessing the likely drop in light level in an exoplanet transit.
3092:
3067:
3042:
3017:
2077:
1044:
in New Zealand. Noted that Mercury had little or no atmosphere.
60:
4165:
3292:
Babylon to Voyager and Beyond: A History of Planetary Astronomy
3170:
Transactions of the Historic Society of Lancashire and Cheshire
2588:"Seven century catalog of Mercury transits: 1601 CE to 2300 CE"
2287:
United States. Nautical Almanac Office. Astronomical Paper; V.1
570:
Martin-Eichens reflector (40 centimetres (16 in) aperture)
3497:"The Transit of Mercury, November 11, 1861, observed at Malta"
3120:. Vol. 2. Priestley and Weale. May 11, 1832. p. 103.
2776:
Schneider, G.; et al. (January 2005). Engvold, O. (ed.).
1753:
604:
467:
November 15, 1999 simulated transit of Mercury across the Sun.
404:
79:
50:
3992:
Porter, J. G. (March 1970). "Transits of Mercury and Venus".
1702:
3415:
Magazine of Popular Science, and Journal of the Useful Arts
2778:
Space Studies of the Black-Drop Effect at a Mercury Transit
2660:
Fitzgerald, A. P. (September 1953). "Transits of Mercury".
2445:
Space Studies of the Black Drop Effect at a Mercury Transit
27:
Movement of Mercury across the Sun viewed from further away
4161:
3837:
Monthly Notes of the Astronomical Society of South Africa
1618:
This brief transit was only visible from the south pole.
2118:"A Transit Of Mercury Told Us The Scale Of The Universe"
2073:"Mercury Passes in Front of the Sun, as Seen From Mars"
995:
Coordinated scientific observations were organized by
6061:
2710:"An analysis of the transits of Mercury: 1677 - 1973"
2637:"Quarter Million Year Canon of Solar System Transits"
2211:"An analysis of the transits of Mercury: 1677 - 1973"
556:
For the 1907 Mercury transit, telescopes used at the
167:
Looking for long term variations in the solar radius.
3006:
Nemiroff, R.; Bonnell, J., eds. (19 November 1999).
1416:
Seen by several observers across the U.K. including
6006:
5986:
5969:
5934:
5925:
5903:
5880:
5873:
5857:
5827:
4584:
4546:
4488:
4440:
4372:
4354:
4266:
4250:
4219:
4212:
587:
4152:Time Lapse of the 9th May 2016 Transit of Mercury
3757:Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society
3664:Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society
3623:Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society
3582:Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society
3541:Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society
3501:Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society
3460:Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society
3353:Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society
3254:Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society
3117:Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society
2714:Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society
2215:Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society
2174:Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society
3137:Le Verrier—Magnificent and Detestable Astronomer
122:has been observed from a celestial body besides
3994:Journal of the British Astronomical Association
3811:Journal of the British Astronomical Association
3727:Journal of the British Astronomical Association
3701:Journal of the British Astronomical Association
3081:Nemiroff, R.; Bonnell, J., eds. (13 May 2016).
3056:Nemiroff, R.; Bonnell, J., eds. (12 May 2016).
3031:Nemiroff, R.; Bonnell, J., eds. (11 May 2016).
2630:
2628:
2066:
2064:
537:
3194:Lynn, W. T. (October 1904). "Thomas Streete".
2143:Circular of the Union Observatory Johannesburg
4177:
2708:Morrison, L. V.; Ward, C. G. (October 1975).
2521:Bulletin of the American Astronomical Society
2280:
2278:
2276:
2248:
2246:
2209:Morrison, L. V.; Ward, C. G. (October 1975).
8:
3318:"James Cook and the 1769 Transit of Mercury"
2478:Journal of Astronomical History and Heritage
2045:Transit of Mercury on November 8, 2006 with
3795:The American Ephemeris and Nautical Almanac
2443:Schneider, G.; et al. (October 2003).
5931:
5877:
4216:
4184:
4170:
4162:
4078:. UK Hydrographic Office. November 5, 2007
4052:. UK Hydrographic Office. November 5, 2007
4026:. UK Hydrographic Office. November 5, 2007
3973:. UK Hydrographic Office. November 5, 2007
3947:. UK Hydrographic Office. November 5, 2007
3921:. UK Hydrographic Office. November 5, 2007
3895:. UK Hydrographic Office. November 5, 2007
3869:. UK Hydrographic Office. November 5, 2007
2885:"The November 15, 1999 Transit of Mercury"
2755:. Cambridge University Press. p. 98.
2259:. Cambridge University Press. p. 73.
545:Royal Astronomical Society, Vol II, No. 13
3776:
3683:
3642:
3601:
3560:
3520:
3479:
3372:
3273:
3140:. Springer Science & Business Media.
2733:
2452:
2401:Schneider, G.; et al. (April 2004).
2371:
2234:
2193:
764:Occurred on the day of the coronation of
451:Learn how and when to remove this message
3033:"A Mercury Transit Music Video from SDO"
217:
29:
6068:
2581:
2579:
2577:
2575:
2573:
2571:
2569:
2060:
2033:Transit of Mercury on November 11, 2019
2023:
138:with the Sun. When Mercury is near the
4098:"The Transit of Mercury on 2016 May 9"
89:passes directly between the Sun and a
3129:
3127:
3110:
3108:
3106:
3104:
3102:
2690:. Telescopesgeek.com. 1 February 2023
2611:Vitagliano, Aldo (December 9, 2011).
490:years in December 6149 and June 6152.
219:Displacements at subsequent transits
7:
3809:"Communication to the Association".
2965:Journal for the History of Astronomy
1462:Final stages observed from the U.K.
433:adding citations to reliable sources
2355:Sigismondi, Costantino (May 2016).
3798:. U.S. Government Printing Office.
3617:Lindemann, A. F. (December 1894).
3436:. HathiTrust Digital Library. 1802
3395:. HathiTrust Digital Library. 1799
2586:Espenak, Fred (December 6, 2011).
2105:. Little, Brown. pp. 104–106.
25:
3658:Innes, R. T. A. (December 1907).
3418:. Vol. 3. 1837. p. 154.
2498:10.3724/SP.J.1440-2807.2012.01.01
1372:Observed from Sidmouth, Devon by
6107:
6095:
6083:
6071:
6044:
6033:
6032:
3224:Correspondence of John Flamsteed
2293:. Nautical Almanac Office: 363.
2038:
2026:
1733:
1717:
1686:
1664:
1625:
409:
3576:Tebbutt, John (December 1881).
1496:Observed from New South Wales.
420:needs additional citations for
314:... 217 years (14 × 13 + 5 × 7)
3295:. Cambridge University Press.
2752:The Planet Observer's Handbook
2168:Spencer Jones, H. (May 1939).
2071:Webster, Guy (June 10, 2014).
1992:Mercury Passing Before the Sun
1396:Observed from Johannesburg by
1:
4576:Skinakas (hypothetical basin)
3349:"An early transit of Mercury"
3347:Freeman, A. (December 1871).
3134:Lequeux, James (2013-03-15).
1077:Observed from Cambridge U.K.
5865:Hypothetical moon of Mercury
3088:Astronomy Picture of the Day
3063:Astronomy Picture of the Day
3038:Astronomy Picture of the Day
3013:Astronomy Picture of the Day
2430:10.1016/j.icarus.2003.11.020
2014:Vulcan (hypothetical planet)
1999:Transit of Mercury from Mars
532:Royal Observatory, Greenwich
286:... 33 years (2 × 6 + 3 × 7)
261:Hence after 13 years (6 + 7)
3289:Leverington, David (2003).
1742:Future transits of Mercury
154:Measuring the scale of the
6156:
5913:Mercury-crossing asteroids
4076:HM Nautical Almanac Office
4050:HM Nautical Almanac Office
4024:HM Nautical Almanac Office
3971:HM Nautical Almanac Office
3945:HM Nautical Almanac Office
3919:HM Nautical Almanac Office
3893:HM Nautical Almanac Office
3867:HM Nautical Almanac Office
2985:10.1177/002182867600700101
2834:Royal Observatory Bulletin
2821:(1). The Foundation: 7–12.
2662:Irish Astronomical Journal
766:King Charles II of England
6027:
4199:
4072:"2006 Transit of Mercury"
4046:"2003 Transit of Mercury"
4020:"1999 Transit of Mercury"
3967:"1993 Transit of Mercury"
3941:"1986 Transit of Mercury"
3915:"1973 Transit of Mercury"
3889:"1970 Transit of Mercury"
3863:"1960 Transit of Mercury"
3316:Orchiston, Wayne (1994).
2860:"1999 Transit of Mercury"
2099:Todd, David Peck (1899).
1758:
1751:
1746:
1741:
1441:Final stages observed by
609:
602:
597:
593:Past transits of Mercury
592:
300:... 46 years (3 × 13 + 7)
3454:Lassell, W. (May 1845).
2004:Transit of minor planets
1273:Partially observed from
573:Several small refractors
275:... 20 years (6 + 2 × 7)
130:Scientific investigation
38:is visible above center.
5994:Colonization of Mercury
3751:Bennett, A. F. (1928).
2809:Johnson, Diane (1982).
2749:Price, Fred W. (2000).
2735:10.1093/mnras/173.1.183
2236:10.1093/mnras/173.1.183
53:as viewed by the rover
3817:: 178–179. June 1941.
3778:10.1093/mnras/88.5.486
3685:10.1093/mnras/68.2.128
3603:10.1093/mnras/42.3.103
3562:10.1093/mnras/38.7.397
3522:10.1093/mnras/22.2.38a
3481:10.1093/mnras/6.17.255
3430:"The Monthly magazine"
3389:"The Monthly magazine"
3275:10.1093/mnras/3.14.105
3058:"A Transit of Mercury"
2253:Lambeck, Kurt (2005).
2195:10.1093/mnras/99.7.541
1707:
997:Joseph-Nicolas Delisle
549:
468:
71:
64:
39:
6135:Astronomical transits
5339:Kuan Han-Chʻing
3644:10.1093/mnras/55.2.78
3374:10.1093/mnras/32.3.79
3083:"ISS and Mercury Too"
3008:"Mercury And The Sun"
2592:NASA Eclipse Web Site
1706:
1316:Greenwich Observatory
466:
109:On June 3, 2014, the
82:takes place when the
70:
45:
33:
5389:Li Chʻing-Chao
3495:Lassell, W. (1861).
3434:babel.hathitrust.org
3393:babel.hathitrust.org
3161:Chapman, A. (1985).
528:Shuckburgh telescope
429:improve this article
136:inferior conjunction
6140:Stellar occultation
5845:Inter-crater plains
4006:1970JBAA...80..182P
3849:1953MNSSA..12...98A
3823:1941JBAA...51..178.
3769:1928MNRAS..88..486B
3739:1926JBAA...36...77.
3713:1914JBAA...25...76.
3676:1907MNRAS..68..128I
3635:1894MNRAS..55...78L
3594:1882MNRAS..42..103T
3553:1878MNRAS..38..397.
3513:1861MNRAS..22...38L
3472:1845MNRAS...6..255L
3365:1872MNRAS..32...79.
3266:1835MNRAS...3..105B
3208:1904Obs....27..369L
2977:1976JHA.....7....1V
2950:1937PA.....45...27W
2923:2004JALPO..46a...9C
2846:1882USNAO...1..363N
2811:"The Shrinking Sun"
2786:2005HiA....13...70S
2726:1975MNRAS.173..183M
2674:1953IrAJ....2..203F
2560:1975RGOB..181..359M
2533:2008DPS....40.1119P
2490:2012JAHH...15....3P
2463:2003IAUJD...2E...5P
2422:2004Icar..168..249S
2382:2016arXiv160502084S
2326:1980Natur.288..548P
2299:1882USNAO...1..363N
2227:1975MNRAS.173..183M
2186:1939MNRAS..99..541S
2155:1925CiUO...65..309I
589:
220:
190:) and November 10 (
18:Transits of Mercury
6130:Transit of Mercury
3326:Carter Observatory
3248:Baily, F. (1835).
2116:Koberlein, Brian.
2049:#921, 922, and 923
1708:
1513:Observed from the
770:Christiaan Huygens
588:
469:
218:
208:continued fraction
170:Investigating the
76:transit of Mercury
72:
65:
40:
6059:
6058:
6002:
6001:
5921:
5920:
5853:
5852:
4899:Chŏng Chʼŏl
4894:Chiang Kʻui
4533:Santa María Rupes
4402:Mearcair Planitia
4387:Borealis Planitia
4382:Apārangi Planitia
3322:Information Sheet
3147:978-1-4614-5565-3
2938:Popular Astronomy
2320:(5791): 548–551.
1982:
1981:
1519:Cape of Good Hope
1515:Royal Observatory
1422:T. E. R. Phillips
841:in St Helena and
774:Nicholas Mercator
558:Paris Observatory
461:
460:
453:
370:, and Fourmilab.
330:
329:
172:black drop effect
120:planetary transit
104:transits of Venus
16:(Redirected from
6147:
6112:
6111:
6110:
6100:
6099:
6098:
6088:
6087:
6076:
6075:
6074:
6067:
6048:
6036:
6035:
5932:
5878:
5399:Liang Kʻai
4604:Africanus Horton
4528:Resolution Rupes
4518:Enterprise Rupes
4498:Antoniadi Dorsum
4465:Goldstone Vallis
4460:Goldstone Catena
4432:Utaridi Planitia
4417:Stilbon Planitia
4397:Caloris Planitia
4217:
4186:
4179:
4172:
4163:
4109:
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3547:(7): 397. 1878.
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2620:
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2613:"The SOLEX page"
2608:
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2454:astro-ph/0310379
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2334:10.1038/288548a0
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2113:
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2090:
2089:
2087:
2085:
2068:
2042:
2030:
2009:Transit of Venus
1737:
1721:
1690:
1668:
1629:
1149:William Herschel
843:Richard Towneley
590:
547:
489:
488:
484:
481:
456:
449:
445:
442:
436:
413:
405:
384:
325:
319:
309: 1′ 41″ N
305:
294:
269:
221:
200:axial precession
196:nodal precession
21:
6155:
6154:
6150:
6149:
6148:
6146:
6145:
6144:
6120:
6119:
6118:
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6096:
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6055:
6023:
5998:
5982:
5965:
5936:
5917:
5899:
5869:
5849:
5823:
5744:Sholem Aleichem
4580:
4571:Rembrandt Basin
4566:Raditladi Basin
4561:Pantheon Fossae
4548:
4542:
4513:Discovery Rupes
4503:Adventure Rupes
4490:
4484:
4475:Haystack Vallis
4470:Haystack Catena
4442:
4436:
4422:Suisei Planitia
4412:Sobkou Planitia
4374:
4368:
4356:
4350:
4262:
4246:
4227:Albedo features
4208:
4195:
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4118:
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3196:The Observatory
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2889:astroleague.org
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1995:, 1914 painting
1987:
1748:
1716:
1710:
1685:
1663:
1624:
1378:A. F. Lindemann
1279:William Lassell
1238:William Lassell
741:Jeremy Shakerly
704:Pierre Gassendi
599:
583:
554:
548:
543:
524:
512:Johannes Kepler
508:Pierre Gassendi
504:
486:
482:
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477:
457:
446:
440:
437:
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403:
379:
376:
323:
317:
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267:
233:
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188:descending node
184:
132:
91:superior planet
63:(June 3, 2014).
49:transiting the
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
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5962:(2018–present)
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5139:Guido d'Arezzo
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4686:
4681:
4676:
4671:
4666:
4661:
4656:
4651:
4646:
4641:
4636:
4631:
4626:
4621:
4616:
4611:
4606:
4601:
4596:
4590:
4588:
4582:
4581:
4579:
4578:
4573:
4568:
4563:
4558:
4552:
4550:
4544:
4543:
4541:
4540:
4538:Victoria Rupes
4535:
4530:
4525:
4520:
4515:
4510:
4505:
4500:
4494:
4492:
4486:
4485:
4483:
4482:
4477:
4472:
4467:
4462:
4457:
4455:Arecibo Vallis
4452:
4450:Arecibo Catena
4446:
4444:
4438:
4437:
4435:
4434:
4429:
4424:
4419:
4414:
4409:
4404:
4399:
4394:
4389:
4384:
4378:
4376:
4370:
4369:
4367:
4366:
4364:Caloris Montes
4360:
4358:
4352:
4351:
4349:
4348:
4343:
4338:
4333:
4328:
4323:
4318:
4313:
4308:
4303:
4298:
4293:
4288:
4283:
4278:
4272:
4270:
4264:
4263:
4261:
4260:
4254:
4252:
4248:
4247:
4245:
4244:
4242:Magnetic field
4239:
4234:
4229:
4223:
4221:
4214:
4210:
4209:
4207:
4206:
4200:
4197:
4196:
4191:
4189:
4188:
4181:
4174:
4166:
4160:
4159:
4154:
4149:
4144:
4139:
4134:
4129:
4124:
4117:
4116:External links
4114:
4111:
4110:
4089:
4063:
4037:
4011:
3984:
3958:
3932:
3906:
3880:
3854:
3827:
3801:
3784:
3743:
3717:
3691:
3650:
3609:
3568:
3528:
3487:
3446:
3421:
3405:
3380:
3339:
3308:
3301:
3281:
3240:
3233:
3213:
3186:
3153:
3146:
3123:
3098:
3073:
3048:
3023:
2998:
2955:
2928:
2901:
2876:
2851:
2824:
2801:
2794:
2768:
2761:
2741:
2700:
2679:
2652:
2635:Walker, John.
2624:
2603:
2565:
2538:
2511:
2468:
2435:
2416:(2): 249–256.
2393:
2347:
2304:
2272:
2265:
2242:
2201:
2160:
2133:
2108:
2091:
2059:
2058:
2056:
2053:
2052:
2051:
2044:
2037:
2035:
2032:
2025:
2021:
2018:
2017:
2016:
2011:
2006:
2001:
1996:
1986:
1983:
1980:
1979:
1977:
1974:
1971:
1968:
1964:
1963:
1961:
1958:
1955:
1952:
1951:2111 Nov 14–15
1948:
1947:
1945:
1942:
1939:
1936:
1932:
1931:
1929:
1926:
1923:
1920:
1916:
1915:
1913:
1910:
1907:
1904:
1900:
1899:
1897:
1894:
1891:
1888:
1884:
1883:
1881:
1878:
1875:
1872:
1868:
1867:
1865:
1862:
1859:
1856:
1855:2065 Nov 11–12
1852:
1851:
1849:
1846:
1843:
1840:
1839:2062 May 10–11
1836:
1835:
1833:
1830:
1827:
1824:
1820:
1819:
1817:
1814:
1811:
1808:
1804:
1803:
1801:
1798:
1795:
1792:
1788:
1787:
1785:
1782:
1779:
1776:
1772:
1771:
1768:
1765:
1761:
1760:
1757:
1750:
1744:
1743:
1739:
1738:
1731:
1728:
1725:
1722:
1712:
1711:
1700:
1697:
1694:
1691:
1681:
1680:
1678:
1675:
1672:
1669:
1659:
1658:
1656:
1653:
1650:
1647:
1643:
1642:
1639:
1636:
1633:
1630:
1620:
1619:
1616:
1613:
1610:
1607:
1603:
1602:
1600:
1597:
1594:
1591:
1587:
1586:
1584:
1581:
1578:
1575:
1571:
1570:
1568:
1565:
1562:
1559:
1555:
1554:
1552:
1549:
1546:
1543:
1539:
1538:
1536:
1533:
1530:
1527:
1523:
1522:
1511:
1508:
1505:
1502:
1498:
1497:
1494:
1491:
1488:
1485:
1484:1940 Nov 11–12
1481:
1480:
1477:
1474:
1471:
1468:
1464:
1463:
1460:
1457:
1454:
1451:
1447:
1446:
1439:
1436:
1433:
1430:
1426:
1425:
1414:
1411:
1408:
1405:
1401:
1400:
1398:R. T. A. Innes
1394:
1391:
1388:
1385:
1381:
1380:
1370:
1367:
1364:
1361:
1357:
1356:
1354:
1351:
1348:
1345:
1341:
1340:
1333:
1330:
1327:
1324:
1320:
1319:
1314:Observed from
1312:
1309:
1306:
1303:
1299:
1298:
1296:
1293:
1290:
1287:
1283:
1282:
1271:
1268:
1265:
1262:
1258:
1257:
1255:
1252:
1249:
1246:
1242:
1241:
1234:
1231:
1228:
1225:
1221:
1220:
1218:
1215:
1212:
1209:
1205:
1204:
1202:
1199:
1196:
1193:
1189:
1188:
1186:
1183:
1180:
1177:
1173:
1172:
1170:
1167:
1164:
1161:
1157:
1156:
1145:
1142:
1139:
1136:
1132:
1131:
1124:
1121:
1118:
1115:
1111:
1110:
1108:
1105:
1102:
1099:
1095:
1094:
1092:
1089:
1086:
1083:
1079:
1078:
1075:
1072:
1069:
1066:
1062:
1061:
1059:
1056:
1053:
1050:
1046:
1045:
1030:
1027:
1024:
1021:
1017:
1016:
1014:
1011:
1008:
1005:
1001:
1000:
993:
990:
987:
984:
980:
979:
977:
974:
971:
968:
964:
963:
961:
958:
955:
952:
948:
947:
945:
942:
939:
936:
932:
931:
929:
926:
923:
920:
916:
915:
913:
910:
907:
904:
900:
899:
892:
889:
886:
883:
879:
878:
876:
873:
870:
867:
863:
862:
860:
857:
854:
851:
847:
846:
835:
832:
829:
826:
822:
821:
819:
816:
813:
810:
806:
805:
803:
800:
797:
794:
790:
789:
778:Thomas Streete
768:. Observed by
762:
759:
756:
753:
749:
748:
737:
734:
731:
728:
724:
723:
721:
718:
715:
712:
708:
707:
700:
697:
694:
691:
687:
686:
684:
681:
678:
675:
671:
670:
668:
665:
662:
659:
655:
654:
652:
649:
646:
643:
639:
638:
636:
633:
630:
627:
623:
622:
619:
616:
612:
611:
608:
601:
595:
594:
582:
579:
575:
574:
571:
568:
565:
553:
550:
541:
523:
520:
503:
500:
496:
495:
491:
459:
458:
417:
415:
408:
402:
399:
375:
372:
356:
355:
352:
349:
346:
343:
340:
332:
331:
328:
327:
321:
315:
311:
310:
307:
301:
297:
296:
290:
287:
283:
282:
279:
276:
272:
271:
265:
262:
258:
257:
254:
251:
247:
246:
243:
240:
236:
235:
230:
225:
192:ascending node
183:
180:
179:
178:
175:
168:
165:
162:
159:
131:
128:
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
6152:
6141:
6138:
6136:
6133:
6131:
6128:
6127:
6125:
6115:
6105:
6103:
6093:
6091:
6086:
6081:
6079:
6069:
6065:
6052:
6051:
6047:
6042:
6040:
6039:
6030:
6029:
6026:
6020:
6017:
6015:
6012:
6011:
6009:
6005:
5995:
5992:
5991:
5989:
5985:
5978:
5975:
5974:
5972:
5968:
5961:
5958:
5955:
5954:
5950:
5947:
5946:
5942:
5941:
5939:
5933:
5930:
5928:
5924:
5914:
5911:
5910:
5908:
5906:
5902:
5896:
5893:
5891:
5888:
5887:
5885:
5883:
5879:
5876:
5872:
5866:
5863:
5862:
5860:
5856:
5846:
5843:
5841:
5840:Ghost craters
5838:
5836:
5833:
5832:
5830:
5826:
5820:
5817:
5815:
5812:
5810:
5807:
5805:
5802:
5800:
5797:
5795:
5792:
5790:
5787:
5785:
5782:
5780:
5777:
5775:
5772:
5770:
5767:
5765:
5762:
5760:
5757:
5755:
5752:
5750:
5747:
5745:
5742:
5740:
5737:
5735:
5732:
5730:
5727:
5725:
5722:
5720:
5717:
5715:
5712:
5710:
5707:
5705:
5702:
5700:
5697:
5695:
5692:
5690:
5687:
5685:
5682:
5680:
5677:
5675:
5672:
5670:
5667:
5665:
5662:
5660:
5657:
5655:
5652:
5650:
5647:
5645:
5642:
5640:
5637:
5635:
5632:
5630:
5627:
5625:
5622:
5620:
5617:
5615:
5612:
5610:
5607:
5605:
5602:
5600:
5597:
5595:
5592:
5590:
5587:
5585:
5582:
5580:
5577:
5575:
5572:
5570:
5567:
5565:
5562:
5560:
5557:
5555:
5552:
5550:
5547:
5545:
5542:
5540:
5537:
5535:
5532:
5530:
5527:
5525:
5522:
5520:
5517:
5515:
5512:
5510:
5507:
5505:
5502:
5500:
5497:
5495:
5492:
5490:
5487:
5485:
5482:
5480:
5477:
5475:
5472:
5470:
5467:
5465:
5462:
5460:
5457:
5455:
5452:
5450:
5447:
5445:
5442:
5440:
5437:
5435:
5432:
5430:
5427:
5425:
5422:
5420:
5417:
5415:
5412:
5410:
5407:
5405:
5402:
5400:
5397:
5395:
5392:
5390:
5387:
5385:
5382:
5380:
5377:
5375:
5372:
5370:
5367:
5365:
5362:
5360:
5357:
5355:
5352:
5350:
5347:
5345:
5342:
5340:
5337:
5335:
5332:
5330:
5327:
5325:
5322:
5320:
5317:
5315:
5312:
5310:
5307:
5305:
5302:
5300:
5297:
5295:
5294:Judah Ha-Levi
5292:
5290:
5287:
5285:
5282:
5280:
5277:
5275:
5272:
5270:
5267:
5265:
5262:
5260:
5257:
5255:
5252:
5250:
5247:
5245:
5242:
5240:
5237:
5235:
5232:
5230:
5227:
5225:
5222:
5220:
5217:
5215:
5212:
5210:
5207:
5205:
5202:
5200:
5197:
5195:
5192:
5190:
5187:
5185:
5182:
5180:
5177:
5175:
5172:
5170:
5167:
5165:
5162:
5160:
5157:
5155:
5152:
5150:
5147:
5145:
5142:
5140:
5137:
5135:
5132:
5130:
5127:
5125:
5122:
5120:
5117:
5115:
5112:
5110:
5107:
5105:
5102:
5100:
5097:
5095:
5092:
5090:
5087:
5085:
5082:
5080:
5077:
5075:
5072:
5070:
5067:
5065:
5062:
5060:
5057:
5055:
5052:
5050:
5047:
5045:
5042:
5040:
5037:
5035:
5032:
5030:
5027:
5025:
5022:
5020:
5017:
5015:
5012:
5010:
5007:
5005:
5002:
5000:
4997:
4995:
4992:
4990:
4987:
4985:
4982:
4980:
4977:
4975:
4972:
4970:
4967:
4965:
4962:
4960:
4957:
4955:
4952:
4950:
4947:
4945:
4942:
4940:
4937:
4935:
4932:
4930:
4927:
4925:
4922:
4920:
4917:
4915:
4912:
4910:
4907:
4905:
4902:
4900:
4897:
4895:
4892:
4890:
4887:
4885:
4882:
4880:
4877:
4875:
4872:
4870:
4867:
4865:
4862:
4860:
4857:
4855:
4852:
4850:
4847:
4845:
4842:
4840:
4837:
4835:
4832:
4830:
4827:
4825:
4822:
4820:
4817:
4815:
4812:
4810:
4807:
4805:
4802:
4800:
4797:
4795:
4792:
4790:
4787:
4785:
4782:
4780:
4777:
4775:
4772:
4770:
4767:
4765:
4762:
4760:
4757:
4755:
4752:
4750:
4747:
4745:
4742:
4740:
4737:
4735:
4732:
4730:
4727:
4725:
4722:
4720:
4717:
4715:
4712:
4710:
4707:
4705:
4702:
4700:
4697:
4695:
4692:
4690:
4687:
4685:
4682:
4680:
4677:
4675:
4672:
4670:
4667:
4665:
4662:
4660:
4657:
4655:
4652:
4650:
4647:
4645:
4642:
4640:
4637:
4635:
4632:
4630:
4627:
4625:
4622:
4620:
4617:
4615:
4612:
4610:
4607:
4605:
4602:
4600:
4597:
4595:
4592:
4591:
4589:
4587:
4583:
4577:
4574:
4572:
4569:
4567:
4564:
4562:
4559:
4557:
4556:Caloris Basin
4554:
4553:
4551:
4545:
4539:
4536:
4534:
4531:
4529:
4526:
4524:
4521:
4519:
4516:
4514:
4511:
4509:
4506:
4504:
4501:
4499:
4496:
4495:
4493:
4487:
4481:
4480:Simeiz Vallis
4478:
4476:
4473:
4471:
4468:
4466:
4463:
4461:
4458:
4456:
4453:
4451:
4448:
4447:
4445:
4439:
4433:
4430:
4428:
4425:
4423:
4420:
4418:
4415:
4413:
4410:
4408:
4407:Odin Planitia
4405:
4403:
4400:
4398:
4395:
4393:
4392:Budh Planitia
4390:
4388:
4385:
4383:
4380:
4379:
4377:
4371:
4365:
4362:
4361:
4359:
4355:Mountains and
4353:
4347:
4344:
4342:
4339:
4337:
4334:
4332:
4329:
4327:
4324:
4322:
4319:
4317:
4314:
4312:
4309:
4307:
4304:
4302:
4299:
4297:
4294:
4292:
4289:
4287:
4284:
4282:
4279:
4277:
4274:
4273:
4271:
4269:
4265:
4259:
4256:
4255:
4253:
4249:
4243:
4240:
4238:
4235:
4233:
4230:
4228:
4225:
4224:
4222:
4218:
4215:
4211:
4205:
4202:
4201:
4198:
4194:
4187:
4182:
4180:
4175:
4173:
4168:
4167:
4164:
4158:
4155:
4153:
4150:
4148:
4145:
4143:
4140:
4138:
4135:
4133:
4130:
4128:
4125:
4123:
4120:
4119:
4115:
4099:
4093:
4090:
4077:
4073:
4067:
4064:
4051:
4047:
4041:
4038:
4025:
4021:
4015:
4012:
4007:
4003:
3999:
3995:
3988:
3985:
3972:
3968:
3962:
3959:
3946:
3942:
3936:
3933:
3920:
3916:
3910:
3907:
3894:
3890:
3884:
3881:
3868:
3864:
3858:
3855:
3850:
3846:
3842:
3838:
3831:
3828:
3824:
3820:
3816:
3812:
3805:
3802:
3797:
3796:
3788:
3785:
3779:
3774:
3770:
3766:
3762:
3758:
3754:
3747:
3744:
3740:
3736:
3732:
3728:
3721:
3718:
3714:
3710:
3706:
3702:
3695:
3692:
3686:
3681:
3677:
3673:
3669:
3665:
3661:
3654:
3651:
3645:
3640:
3636:
3632:
3628:
3624:
3620:
3613:
3610:
3604:
3599:
3595:
3591:
3587:
3583:
3579:
3572:
3569:
3563:
3558:
3554:
3550:
3546:
3542:
3538:
3532:
3529:
3523:
3518:
3514:
3510:
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2019:
2015:
2012:
2010:
2007:
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1418:A. Grace Cook
1415:
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1039:
1035:
1034:Charles Green
1031:
1028:
1025:
1022:
1020:1769 Nov 9–10
1019:
1018:
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1003:
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927:
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921:
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905:
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901:
897:
896:Abraham Sharp
893:
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877:
874:
871:
868:
865:
864:
861:
858:
855:
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849:
848:
844:
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839:Edmund Halley
836:
833:
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827:
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434:
430:
424:
423:
418:This section
416:
412:
407:
406:
400:
398:
394:
392:
388:
383:
373:
371:
369:
364:
360:
353:
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313:
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308:
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298:
291:
288:
285:
284:
280:
277:
274:
273:
266:
263:
260:
259:
255:
252:
250:After 7 years
249:
248:
244:
241:
239:After 6 years
238:
237:
231:
226:
223:
222:
216:
215:
214:
211:
209:
203:
201:
197:
193:
189:
181:
176:
173:
169:
166:
163:
160:
157:
153:
152:
151:
148:
146:
141:
137:
129:
127:
125:
121:
117:
116:
112:
107:
105:
100:
96:
92:
88:
85:
81:
77:
69:
62:
58:
57:
52:
48:
44:
37:
32:
19:
6043:
6031:
5951:
5943:
5889:
5764:Sveinsdóttir
5669:Rachmaninoff
5494:Michelangelo
5489:Mendes Pinto
5424:Ma Chih-Yuan
5079:Gainsborough
4884:Chao Meng-Fu
4829:Brunelleschi
4659:Amru Al-Qays
4639:Al-Hamadhani
4508:Beagle Rupes
4427:Tir Planitia
4321:Michelangelo
4101:. Retrieved
4092:
4080:. Retrieved
4075:
4066:
4054:. Retrieved
4049:
4040:
4028:. Retrieved
4023:
4014:
3997:
3993:
3987:
3975:. Retrieved
3970:
3961:
3949:. Retrieved
3944:
3935:
3923:. Retrieved
3918:
3909:
3897:. Retrieved
3892:
3883:
3871:. Retrieved
3866:
3857:
3840:
3836:
3830:
3814:
3810:
3804:
3794:
3787:
3760:
3756:
3746:
3730:
3726:
3720:
3704:
3700:
3694:
3667:
3663:
3653:
3626:
3622:
3612:
3585:
3581:
3571:
3544:
3540:
3531:
3504:
3500:
3490:
3463:
3459:
3449:
3438:. Retrieved
3433:
3424:
3414:
3408:
3397:. Retrieved
3392:
3383:
3356:
3352:
3342:
3321:
3311:
3291:
3284:
3257:
3253:
3243:
3223:
3216:
3199:
3195:
3189:
3178:. Retrieved
3173:
3169:
3156:
3136:
3116:
3086:
3076:
3061:
3051:
3036:
3026:
3011:
3001:
2968:
2964:
2958:
2941:
2937:
2931:
2914:
2910:
2904:
2892:. Retrieved
2888:
2879:
2867:. Retrieved
2863:
2854:
2837:
2833:
2827:
2818:
2814:
2804:
2777:
2771:
2751:
2744:
2717:
2713:
2703:
2692:. Retrieved
2682:
2665:
2661:
2655:
2644:. Retrieved
2641:fourmilab.ch
2640:
2616:. Retrieved
2606:
2595:. Retrieved
2591:
2551:
2547:
2541:
2524:
2520:
2514:
2481:
2477:
2471:
2444:
2438:
2413:
2409:
2396:
2385:. Retrieved
2363:
2350:
2317:
2313:
2307:
2290:
2286:
2255:
2218:
2214:
2204:
2177:
2173:
2163:
2146:
2142:
2136:
2125:. Retrieved
2121:
2111:
2101:
2094:
2082:. Retrieved
2076:
1990:
1903:2095 May 8–9
1823:2052 Nov 8–9
1526:1957 May 5–6
1429:1924 May 8–9
1344:1891 May 8–9
1337:John Tebbutt
1335:Observed by
1323:1881 Nov 6–7
1236:Observed by
1155:in England.
1147:Observed by
1130:in England.
1126:Observed by
1032:Observed by
894:Observed by
837:Observed by
739:Observed by
727:1651 Nov 3–4
702:Observed by
584:
576:
555:
544:
538:
525:
516:
505:
497:
470:
447:
438:
427:Please help
422:verification
419:
395:
377:
365:
361:
357:
333:
212:
204:
198:and Earth's
185:
156:Solar System
149:
133:
113:
108:
75:
73:
55:
6114:Outer space
6102:Spaceflight
5960:BepiColombo
5956:(2004–2015)
5948:(1973–1975)
5927:Exploration
5794:Villa-Lobos
5774:To Ngoc Van
5739:Shakespeare
5674:Raden Saleh
5559:Mussorgskij
5239:Hovnatanian
4999:Dostoevskij
4879:Chaikovskij
4844:Callicrates
4724:Baranauskas
4694:Aristoxenes
4689:Apollodorus
4441:Canyons and
4331:Shakespeare
4268:Quadrangles
4258:Quadrangles
4000:: 182–189.
3202:: 369–370.
2917:(1): 9–12.
2840:: 359–420.
2720:: 183–206.
2554:: 394–397.
2484:(1): 3–14.
2221:: 183–206.
2149:: 309–315.
1967:2124 Nov 15
1935:2108 May 12
1919:2098 Nov 10
1871:2078 Nov 14
1775:2032 Nov 13
1749:mid-transit
1715:2019 Nov 11
1623:1999 Nov 15
1590:1986 Nov 13
1574:1973 Nov 10
1501:1953 Nov 14
1467:1937 May 11
1450:1927 Nov 10
1443:Basil Brown
1384:1907 Nov 14
1374:H.H. Turner
1360:1894 Nov 10
1261:1861 Nov 12
1160:1815 Nov 12
1153:Capel Lofft
1128:Capel Lofft
1065:1782 Nov 12
1042:Mercury Bay
999:worldwide.
935:1736 Nov 11
850:1690 Nov 10
600:mid-transit
391:irradiation
374:Observation
93:. During a
78:across the
6124:Categories
5945:Mariner 10
5754:Stravinsky
5654:Praxiteles
5649:Polygnotus
5529:Monteverdi
5499:Mickiewicz
5454:Mark Twain
5034:Enheduanna
4934:Cunningham
4804:Botticelli
4719:Balanchine
4679:Anguissola
4609:Ahmad Baba
4547:Basins and
4523:Hero Rupes
4489:Ridges and
4373:Plains and
4232:Atmosphere
3763:(5): 486.
3440:2017-07-04
3399:2017-07-04
3180:2022-05-16
2694:2023-07-20
2668:(7): 203.
2646:2022-05-15
2618:2022-05-15
2597:2022-05-15
2387:2022-05-15
2373:1605.02084
2180:(7): 541.
2127:2019-11-07
2055:References
1887:2085 Nov 7
1807:2049 May 7
1791:2039 Nov 7
1684:2016 May 9
1662:2006 Nov 8
1646:2003 May 7
1606:1993 Nov 6
1558:1970 May 9
1542:1960 Nov 7
1404:1914 Nov 7
1302:1878 May 6
1286:1868 Nov 5
1245:1848 Nov 9
1224:1845 May 8
1208:1835 Nov 7
1192:1832 May 5
1176:1822 Nov 5
1135:1802 Nov 9
1114:1799 May 7
1098:1789 Nov 5
1082:1786 May 4
1049:1776 Nov 2
1038:James Cook
1004:1756 Nov 7
983:1753 May 6
967:1743 Nov 5
951:1740 May 2
919:1723 Nov 9
903:1710 Nov 6
882:1707 May 5
866:1697 Nov 3
825:1677 Nov 7
809:1674 May 7
793:1664 Nov 4
752:1661 May 3
711:1644 Nov 9
690:1631 Nov 7
674:1628 May 5
658:1618 Nov 4
642:1615 May 3
626:1605 Nov 1
581:Chronology
560:included:
552:1907 event
522:1832 event
281:14′ 57″ S
256:23′ 16″ S
245:31′ 35″ N
182:Occurrence
111:Mars rover
6078:Astronomy
6019:Sub-Earth
5977:Mercury-P
5953:MESSENGER
5905:Asteroids
5874:Astronomy
5809:Xiao Zhao
5784:Velázquez
5729:Scarlatti
5694:Rembrandt
5679:Raditladi
5664:Qi Baishi
5659:Prokofiev
5409:Lovecraft
5379:Lermontov
5279:Izquierdo
5194:Hiroshige
5184:Hemingway
5169:Hawthorne
5164:Hauptmann
5074:Futabatei
4974:Derzhavin
4964:Delacroix
4914:Coleridge
4869:Cervantes
4794:Boccaccio
4764:Belinskij
4754:Beethoven
4699:Aśvaghoṣa
4629:Al-Akhtal
4624:Akutagawa
4599:Abu Nuwas
4357:volcanoes
4336:Raditladi
4301:Discovery
4281:Beethoven
4213:Geography
3707:: 76–99.
3507:(2): 38.
3359:(3): 79.
3334:1173-7263
2993:220916972
2894:25 August
2869:25 August
782:Long Acre
339:expected.
326:0′ 14″ N
295:6′ 38″ S
289:13′ 49″ N
278:31′ 05″ N
270:8′ 19″ N
264:17′ 16″ S
253:48′ 21″ N
242:65′ 37″ S
234:transits
232:November
115:Curiosity
56:Curiosity
6038:Category
5987:See also
5970:Proposed
5937:and past
5882:Transits
5759:Sullivan
5734:Schubert
5629:Petrarch
5554:Murasaki
5549:Munkácsy
5479:Melville
5419:Lysippus
5374:Leopardi
5369:Larrocha
5359:Kurosawa
5354:Kunisada
5299:Kalidasa
5204:Hodgkins
5199:Hitomaro
5159:Harunobu
5094:Ghiberti
5064:Flaubert
5059:Firdousi
5049:Faulkner
5029:Eminescu
4989:Dominici
4949:De Graft
4929:Couperin
4854:Carducci
4814:Bramante
4799:Boethius
4789:Bjornson
4714:Balagtas
4644:Al-Jāhiz
4375:plateaus
4346:Victoria
4306:Eminescu
4286:Borealis
4237:Features
2864:nasa.gov
2506:55848433
2084:June 10,
2047:sunspots
1985:See also
542:—
441:May 2024
387:contacts
320:0′ 17″ N
306:3′ 27″ S
229:transits
224:Interval
36:sun spot
6064:Portals
6014:Fiction
6007:Related
5979:(~2031)
5935:Current
5835:Geology
5799:Vivaldi
5779:Tolstoj
5689:Raphael
5639:Picasso
5634:Phidias
5619:Oskison
5604:Neumann
5594:Nureyev
5574:Nampeyo
5569:Nabokov
5519:Molière
5509:Mistral
5474:Matisse
5469:Matabei
5464:Martial
5439:Mansart
5429:Machaut
5414:Lu Hsun
5384:Lessing
5349:Kulthum
5329:Kipling
5319:Kertész
5284:Janáček
5269:Imhotep
5264:Ictinus
5249:Hun Kal
5219:Holberg
5214:Holbein
5209:Hokusai
5149:Han Kan
5084:Gauguin
5069:Flaiano
5044:Equiano
5039:Enwonwu
5019:Eastman
5004:Dowland
4984:Dickens
4979:Desprez
4954:Debussy
4919:Copland
4874:Cézanne
4864:Calvino
4859:Carolan
4824:Bruegel
4784:Bernini
4749:Beckett
4674:Angelou
4669:Aneirin
4634:Alencar
4619:Aksakov
4586:Craters
4443:valleys
4341:Tolstoj
4311:Hokusai
4291:Debussy
4251:Regions
4220:General
4204:Outline
4193:Mercury
4103:June 7,
4082:May 30,
4056:May 30,
4030:May 30,
4002:Bibcode
3977:May 30,
3951:May 30,
3925:May 30,
3899:May 30,
3873:May 30,
3845:Bibcode
3819:Bibcode
3765:Bibcode
3735:Bibcode
3709:Bibcode
3672:Bibcode
3670:: 128.
3631:Bibcode
3590:Bibcode
3588:: 103.
3549:Bibcode
3509:Bibcode
3468:Bibcode
3466:: 255.
3361:Bibcode
3262:Bibcode
3260:: 105.
3204:Bibcode
2973:Bibcode
2946:Bibcode
2919:Bibcode
2842:Bibcode
2782:Bibcode
2722:Bibcode
2670:Bibcode
2556:Bibcode
2529:Bibcode
2527:: 404.
2486:Bibcode
2459:Bibcode
2418:Bibcode
2378:Bibcode
2342:4321581
2322:Bibcode
2295:Bibcode
2223:Bibcode
2182:Bibcode
2151:Bibcode
2020:Gallery
1747:Date of
1517:at the
598:Date of
530:of the
502:History
485:⁄
401:Partial
95:transit
87:Mercury
47:Mercury
6050:Portal
5769:Titian
5724:Sander
5719:Rudaki
5704:Rivera
5699:Renoir
5684:Rameau
5609:Nizami
5589:Neruda
5584:Nawahi
5539:Mozart
5514:Mofolo
5504:Milton
5444:Mansur
5434:Mahler
5344:Kuiper
5324:Khansa
5254:Hurley
5234:Horace
5189:Hesiod
5154:Handel
5119:Goethe
5109:Glinka
5104:Giotto
5099:Gibran
5089:Geddes
5024:Eitoku
5014:Dvorak
4969:Derain
4924:Copley
4909:Chu Ta
4904:Chopin
4889:Chekov
4849:Camões
4819:Brontë
4809:Brahms
4779:Berkel
4774:Benoit
4734:Bartók
4729:Balzac
4654:Amaral
4594:Abedin
4549:fossae
4326:Neruda
4316:Kuiper
4296:Derain
3843:: 98.
3733:: 77.
3629:: 78.
3332:
3299:
3231:
3176:: 1–14
3144:
2991:
2944:: 27.
2815:Mosaic
2792:
2759:
2504:
2410:Icarus
2364:ePrint
2340:
2314:Nature
2263:
2122:Forbes
1759:Notes
1752:Time (
786:London
776:, and
610:Notes
603:Time (
84:planet
6090:Stars
5890:Earth
5858:Moons
5828:Other
5814:Yeats
5804:Vyasa
5789:Verdi
5749:Sinan
5714:Rodin
5709:Rizal
5599:Nervo
5579:Navoi
5564:Myron
5544:Munch
5534:Moody
5524:Monet
5459:Martí
5449:March
5404:Liszt
5394:Li Po
5364:Lange
5334:Kōshō
5314:Kenko
5309:Keats
5304:Karsh
5289:Jokai
5259:Ibsen
5229:Homer
5224:Holst
5179:Heine
5174:Haydn
5134:Grieg
5124:Gogol
5114:Gluck
5009:Durer
4994:Donne
4959:Degas
4944:Dario
4839:Byron
4834:Burns
4769:Bello
4744:Bashō
4739:Barma
4704:Atget
4684:Anyte
4664:Andal
4649:Alver
4614:Ailey
4491:rupes
3166:(PDF)
2989:S2CID
2971:: 1.
2502:S2CID
2449:arXiv
2406:(PDF)
2368:arXiv
2360:(PDF)
2338:S2CID
1976:20:07
1973:18:28
1970:16:49
1960:03:30
1957:00:53
1954:22:15
1944:06:52
1941:04:16
1938:01:40
1928:09:57
1925:07:16
1922:04:35
1912:00:50
1909:21:05
1906:17:20
1896:15:26
1893:13:34
1890:11:42
1880:15:39
1877:13:41
1874:11:42
1864:22:48
1861:20:06
1858:17:24
1848:01:00
1845:21:36
1842:18:16
1832:04:06
1829:01:29
1826:22:53
1816:17:44
1813:14:24
1810:11:03
1800:10:15
1797:08:46
1794:07:17
1784:11:07
1781:08:54
1778:06:41
1764:Start
1730:18:04
1727:15:20
1724:12:35
1699:18:42
1696:14:57
1693:11:12
1677:23:10
1674:20:41
1671:18:12
1655:10:32
1652:07:52
1649:05:13
1638:22:07
1635:21:41
1632:21:15
1615:04:47
1612:03:57
1609:03:06
1599:06:31
1596:04:07
1593:01:43
1583:13:17
1580:10:32
1577:07:47
1567:12:13
1564:08:16
1561:04:19
1551:19:12
1548:16:53
1545:14:34
1535:02:30
1532:01:14
1529:23:59
1510:18:11
1507:16:54
1504:15:37
1493:01:53
1490:23:21
1487:20:49
1476:09:06
1473:08:59
1470:08:53
1459:08:29
1456:05:46
1453:03:02
1438:05:38
1435:01:41
1432:21:44
1413:14:09
1410:12:03
1407:09:57
1393:13:50
1390:12:07
1387:10:24
1369:21:11
1366:18:35
1363:15:58
1353:04:47
1350:02:22
1347:23:57
1332:03:36
1329:00:57
1326:22:19
1311:22:44
1308:19:00
1305:15:16
1295:09:00
1292:07:14
1289:05:28
1275:Malta
1270:09:18
1267:07:19
1264:05:21
1254:16:28
1251:13:48
1248:11:07
1233:22:49
1230:19:37
1227:16:24
1217:22:41
1214:20:08
1211:17:35
1201:15:47
1198:12:25
1195:09:04
1185:03:45
1182:02:25
1179:01:04
1169:04:46
1166:02:33
1163:00:20
1144:11:41
1141:08:58
1138:06:16
1123:16:31
1120:12:50
1117:09:10
1107:17:44
1104:15:19
1101:12:53
1091:08:21
1088:05:41
1085:03:01
1074:15:50
1071:15:16
1068:14:42
1058:22:09
1055:21:36
1052:21:03
1040:from
1029:00:10
1026:21:46
1023:19:23
1013:06:54
1010:04:10
1007:01:28
992:10:06
989:06:13
986:02:19
976:12:45
973:10:30
970:08:15
960:00:21
957:23:02
954:21:42
944:11:49
941:10:30
938:09:11
928:19:30
925:16:59
922:14:27
912:02:03
909:23:22
906:20:40
891:03:27
888:23:32
885:19:37
875:07:43
872:05:42
869:03:40
859:07:27
856:05:43
853:03:59
834:14:48
831:12:11
828:09:33
818:02:31
815:00:16
812:22:01
802:21:10
799:18:32
796:15:54
761:20:40
758:16:54
755:13:08
745:Surat
736:02:35
733:00:52
730:23:09
720:02:58
717:00:57
714:22:55
699:10:01
696:07:20
693:04:39
683:20:40
680:17:32
677:14:23
667:16:14
664:13:42
661:11:10
651:13:33
648:10:09
645:06:44
635:21:18
632:20:02
629:18:47
615:Start
368:SOLEX
145:chord
124:Earth
99:Earth
5895:Mars
5819:Zola
5624:Ovid
5614:Okyo
5484:Mena
5274:Ives
5244:Hugo
5144:Hals
5129:Goya
4939:Dali
4709:Bach
4276:Bach
4105:2012
4084:2012
4058:2012
4032:2012
3979:2012
3953:2012
3927:2012
3901:2012
3875:2012
3330:ISSN
3297:ISBN
3229:ISBN
3142:ISBN
3093:NASA
3068:NASA
3043:NASA
3018:NASA
2896:2015
2871:2015
2790:ISBN
2757:ISBN
2261:ISBN
2086:2014
2078:NASA
1770:End
1420:and
1376:and
1151:and
1036:and
621:End
526:The
227:May
140:node
61:Mars
5644:Poe
5054:Fet
4759:Bek
3773:doi
3680:doi
3639:doi
3598:doi
3557:doi
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3476:doi
3369:doi
3270:doi
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2981:doi
2838:181
2730:doi
2718:173
2494:doi
2426:doi
2414:168
2330:doi
2318:288
2231:doi
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2190:doi
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