235:
30:
219:
22:
517:
916:
1030:
492:(JICA), a survey made in 2007 came out with 48,366 public utility jeepneys plying some 600 routes nationwide, with 61% serving the Greater Capital Region, which includes Metro Manila. In 2000, jeepneys and tricycles topped all modes of travel in Metro Manila at 46%, before light rail became popular, followed by buses at 24% and private vehicles at 21%. At present, there are around 270,000 franchised jeepney units on the road across the country, with some 75,000 units in Metro Manila alone.
1117:
538:
1131:
351:
161:
702:
783:
681:
462:
374:
for the government for many years. The oversupply of public utility vehicles as well as redundant and overlapping transport routes have also led to severe road congestions. This meant that buses were the bane of Metro Manila's congested roads due to their numbers, their sheer physical size, and the methods of bus drivers and conductors of loading and unloading passengers.
1016:
given the Notice to
Proceed from the Department of Transportation to build, operate and maintain New Manila International Airport. Pre-construction activities, including dredging of the rivers and canals leading to the site, began in October 2020. The first phase, consisting of two runways and the terminal buildings, is scheduled for completion by 2026.
627:
989:, serve the Manila area, with Clark catering mostly to low-cost carriers because of its lower landing fees compared to those charged at NAIA. In 2018, Clark handled 2.6 million passengers, all the while undergoing expansion to bring capacity to 12 million with the addition of a second terminal to be finished by 2021.
508:. Some politicians have urged the government to drop the jeepney modernization program. A 2019 study also showed that a majority of commuters prefer to ride an e-jeepney than a conventional jeepney in areas where it is available, as it provides a safer, environment-friendly, and more comfortable ride.
1015:
San Miguel
Corporation, builders and concessionaires of the Manila Skyway and other infrastructure projects, submitted another unsolicited proposal in April 2018 to build an airport in northeast Manila Bay. In July 2019, the Swiss challenge period ended with no rival bids, and in September 2019 was
973:
With a record-breaking 47-million people using the airport in 2019, NAIA has long breached the 30-million combined passenger capacity of its four terminals. While numerous proposals from the private sector to expand NAIA have been put forward, none have been implemented. There are also exploratory
373:
Before the rationalization program, the region had more than 900 public transport routes operated by 830 bus franchises and more than 43,000 jeepney franchises competing with each other. This extremely deregulated public transport environment has made managing public transport services a challenge
499:
was formally launched in 2017, beginning the gradual phaseout of old jeepneys. As part of the PUV modernization program, all new and existing vehicles must be fitted with a tap card system which allows commuters to pay for their trip. The system would enable journey details to be recorded and the
377:
In response, the national government instituted various reforms. By 2019, the MMDA ordered the removal of all provincial bus terminals along EDSA. In June 2020, the DOTr launched the Metro Manila Bus
Rationalization Program, completely overhauling Manila's bus transport network. The program was a
572:
While early rail systems have been operating in the region since 1883, the development of mass transit had its inception in the 1970 when the
Philippine National Railways offered among its services the first Metro Commuter line. LRT Line 1, which is the first rail line operated by the
452:
Express point-to-point buses provide non-stop or limited stop travel along Metro Manila. As of 2023, there are 44 points in the
Greater Manila Area served by P2P buses. Majority of the routes are served by single decker buses with just two served by double deckers.
1007:
formally recommended the construction of a new airport in the vicinity of
Sangley Point, Cavite City to replace the space-constricted NAIA. The recommendation involved the reclamation of Manila Bay to locate the new airport. This is contained in JICA's
382:
and coincided with the government's gradual and calibrated resumption of Manila's public transport following more than two months under coronavirus restrictions. There are 35 rationalized bus routes currently operating in the
Greater Manila Area.
1996:"Creating the Manila International Airport Authority, Transferring Existing Assets of the Manila International Airport to the Authority, and Vesting the Authority with Power to Administer and Operate the Manila International Airport"
182:
The existing main roads of Metro Manila are organized around a set of Radial and
Circumferential roads established during the American period in the country's history. All radial roads originate from various points in the city of
569:. However, these systems are currently insufficient for the rapidly expanding metropolis; to address this, new lines and line extensions are under construction, which will extend the system far out into neighboring regions.
1289:
1390:
234:
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95:
systems serving numerous parts capital and the region. However, these systems declined post-World War 2 due to various factors and were replaced by road-based modes of transportation. The PNR
2974:
2373:
2260:
1145:
406:
A planned introduction to the metropolis is the bus rapid transit system (BRT), which makes use of a dedicated lane, buses with large traffic volume, suitable stations and employs an
561:. The network makes up the majority of active railways in the country and bear the brunt of providing the metropolis with rail as a faster alternative mode of transport other than
134:
has been pushing to improve the mass transit system through various infrastructure projects, hoping to solve the interlinked problems of transportation, land use and environment.
1596:
1426:
1055:, is the chief seaport of the Philippines. It primarily serves the city's commercial needs. North Harbor and South Harbor experience busy periods during long holidays such as
1297:
501:
2055:
500:
appropriate fare deducted from the stored value on the card. The majority of jeepney operators have voiced support, with a few groups voicing their opposition, leading to
2184:
1344:
2618:
271:, an elevated expressway that runs through the metropolis by going above the existing alignment of major thoroughfares in the region. Other expressways include the
2969:
2891:
2365:
532:
3037:
2925:
2876:
2769:
2577:
2253:
1155:
581:. It was followed in 1999 by MRT Line 3 along EDSA operated by the private company, Metro Rail Transit Corporation, before LRT Line 2 was completed in 2003.
496:
379:
1400:
3088:
1995:
2648:
2611:
2283:
1467:
1376:
1170:
967:
359:
138:
1263:
2158:
2310:
1827:
770:
435:
363:
146:
1488:
2744:
505:
367:
48:
area. Road transportation in Metro Manila is diverse, composed of many types of private and public transport vehicles. These include taxis, buses,
3248:
2653:
2305:
2246:
1165:
312:
142:
652:
635:
2029:
29:
3134:
3098:
2905:
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2686:
2293:
963:
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3103:
68:
and large public markets, two-stroke motors are fitted in the pedicabs and are used for goods transport. Regardless of modernity, horse-drawn
3093:
901:
308:
2086:
438:(PITX), contains elements of a BRT system. However, the DOTr has stated that the busway is distinct from the World Bank-funded EDSA BRT.
3083:
3078:
1619:
905:
806:
218:
3032:
2861:
2793:
2776:
2725:
2658:
2521:
2355:
2338:
1180:
923:
447:
345:
2634:
2132:
1160:
407:
334:
280:
21:
2480:
841:
272:
1422:
3253:
3027:
2984:
2979:
2815:
2531:
2416:
2388:
998:
554:
550:
53:
2063:
1942:
1783:
1456:
2886:
2111:
2215:
1563:
3202:
3167:
3162:
3144:
2866:
2582:
1351:
2192:
1322:
516:
2881:
2871:
2753:
2713:
2703:
2681:
2572:
2328:
2320:
1220:
668:
250:
177:
131:
3212:
2920:
2298:
2288:
834:
574:
296:
88:
1881:
3108:
3057:
2851:
2536:
978:
1756:
1724:"Diesel or Electric Jeepney? A Case Study of Transport Investment in the Philippines Using the Real Options Approach"
1029:
3047:
2800:
2718:
2693:
2557:
2333:
1175:
859:
828:
495:
In 2016, the DOTr imposed an age limit on jeepneys of 15 years, with older jeepneys starting to be phased out. The
1310:
3042:
2505:
2444:
2439:
2429:
2424:
2396:
1946:
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1082:
786:
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203:
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112:
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104:
87:
Rail transport was a historically important mode of transport in Manila and its surrounding areas, with both the
1809:
915:
545:
Rail transportation in the
Greater Manila Area is a major part of the transportation system in Metro Manila and
2825:
2434:
2003:
1650:
1537:
865:
284:
124:
3217:
3184:
3179:
2990:
2759:
2708:
2587:
2562:
2470:
2378:
1722:
Agaton, Casper
Boongaling; Guno, Charmaine Samala; Villanueva, Resy Ordona; Villanueva, Riza Ordona (2019).
1150:
1009:
558:
485:
391:
259:, with crossing traffic limited to overpasses, underpasses, and interchanges. Metro Manila is served by the
96:
2698:
1973:
1514:
292:
288:
264:
260:
240:
224:
2526:
1853:
1588:
1122:
614:
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1677:
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and beyond. In a similar way, all circumferential roads run in a half circle that begins and ends at
2937:
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2475:
2449:
2220:
1493:
982:
821:
720:
713:
546:
188:
120:
1703:
977:
Officially, NAIA is the only airport serving the Manila area. However, in practice, both NAIA and
187:
and radiate south, east or north to the other cities in Metro Manila and end farther out into the
3006:
1136:
791:
481:
103:
has been in service since 1970. A modern rapid transit system was established in 1984 with the
3124:
2830:
2552:
1910:"Socio-Economic and Environmental Analyses of Sustainable Public Transport in the Philippines"
1370:
1076:
935:
927:
525:
100:
1623:
2943:
1921:
1858:
1761:
1735:
130:
Private car ownership is significant and has grown over time. In recent years, however, the
537:
3062:
2567:
1886:
1541:
1395:
1116:
1097:. The ferry service is the only water-based transportation that cruises the length of the
521:
276:
577:, a government corporation, opened in 1984, making it the first rapid rail transport in
386:
In addition to the regular bus routes, there are three franchised city buses. These are
198:
The only major thoroughfare in Metro Manila not included in the arterial road system is
2952:
2820:
2500:
1430:
1205:
1090:
1060:
1048:
1042:
1034:
578:
322:
81:
44:
covers the road network, rail network, ferries, ports and airports located within the
3242:
2999:
2786:
2343:
2116:
756:
431:
57:
2603:
3052:
1908:
Agaton, Casper Boongaling; Collera, Angelie Azcuna; Guno, Charmaine Samala (2020).
395:
350:
45:
40:
951:
776:
160:
2238:
3129:
2454:
1098:
1086:
943:
845:
674:
620:
477:
410:. Several BRT lines have been discussed and proposed, all are pending approval.
318:
1235:
3174:
2835:
2592:
2406:
2401:
1828:"24 AGENCIES, 20 TRANSPORT GROUPS AND COOPERATIVES PUSH FOR PUV MODERNIZATION"
1112:
1052:
919:
Ninoy Aquino International Airport serves as the main airport of Metro Manila.
192:
116:
99:, a commuter rail service connecting Metro Manila to the adjacent province of
92:
77:
1705:
An economic approach to urban development and transportation in Metro Manila
1064:
1056:
734:
461:
65:
1509:
1201:
1968:
1740:
1723:
986:
1105:(boat) services that allow people to cross the river in specific areas.
541:
System map of the Metro Manila railway network (current as of July 2021)
2805:
2781:
2348:
1926:
1909:
1681:
1489:"MMDA eyes total ban on provincial bus terminals along EDSA by January"
566:
473:
387:
73:
61:
49:
1784:"Can a 'tap card' payment system convince you to take jeepneys again?"
2810:
1969:"Provincial buses may use Valenzuela terminal starting Aug. 15: MMDA"
959:
955:
813:
739:
466:
184:
69:
317:
There are a total of 33 bridge spans in Metro Manila that cross the
3152:
1094:
1028:
947:
914:
536:
515:
349:
159:
28:
20:
2112:"No changes in NAIA terminal assignments for airlines by Aug. 31"
1391:"DOTr break ground on South East Metro Manila Expressway project"
2056:"Megawide GMR replaces NAIA Consortium in airport rehab project"
1882:"LTFRB urged to shelve planned phaseout of traditional jeepneys"
1004:
164:
2607:
2242:
325:
rivers, including one tollway bridge and four railway bridges.
562:
149:(MMDA) all responsible for managing the system in the region.
137:
Transport management in the region is decentralized, with the
2185:"Bulacan airport deal signed, construction to start December"
2002:. Republic of the Philippines. March 4, 1982. Archived from
1620:"BGC Bus Rapid Transit Project | PPP CenterPPP Center"
1510:"DOTr announces launch of 6 new bus routes in Metro Manila"
1943:"Bus rider Robredo graces launch of modern Cubao terminal"
476:
are the most popular mode of public transportation in the
434:
line, which starts from Monumento in Caloocan and ends at
202:(formerly Sucat Road) in Parañaque, designated as Highway
167:, the longest and most congested highway in the metropolis
1564:"All 31 city bus routes in Metro Manila now open — LTFRB"
2159:"New Clark airport terminal inauguration set on June 11"
1146:
List of rail transit stations in the Greater Manila Area
1264:"Praiseworthy progress in commuter rail infrastructure"
974:
talks to transfer terminal assignments among airlines.
299:
all in various stages of development and construction.
2133:"Construction of new Clark airport terminal completed"
1323:"Government keen on improving public transport system"
1221:"The Metro Manila LRT System—A Historical Perspective"
1678:"Manila's jeepney pioneer fears the end of the road"
1597:
Land Transportation Franchising and Regulatory Board
1427:
Land Transportation Franchising and Regulatory Board
729:
Area B completed, Areas A and C under construction.
3195:
3143:
3117:
3071:
3020:
2962:
2913:
2904:
2844:
2734:
2674:
2667:
2641:
2545:
2514:
2493:
2463:
2415:
2387:
2364:
2319:
2276:
2000:
Official Gazette of the Republic of the Philippines
3231:indicate defunct, proposed, or under construction.
1757:"DOTC, PUJ operators tackle jeepney modernization"
1538:"31 rationalized city bus routes now open — LTFRB"
1457:"Transforming Public Transport in the Philippines"
358:Bus services in Metro Manila are regulated by the
946:and Metro Manila. The airport is located between
1651:"San Miguel plans bus rapid transit on Skyway 3"
480:and have also become a ubiquitous symbol of the
16:Overview of Metro Manila's transportation system
2023:
2021:
1455:Mettke, C.; Guillen, D.; Villaraza, C. (2016).
2216:"SMC to start construction of Bulacan airport"
533:Rail transportation in the Greater Manila Area
2619:
2254:
8:
2877:Public Utility Vehicle Modernization Program
2578:Public Utility Vehicle Modernization Program
2085:Cabuenas, Jon Viktor D. (January 26, 2021).
1156:Public Utility Vehicle Modernization Program
873:Bus, jeepney, taxi, sidecar, and UV Express
851:Bus, jeepney, taxi, sidecar, and UV Express
497:Public Utility Vehicle Modernization Program
380:Public Utility Vehicle Modernization Program
25:An American trolley in a Manila street, 1905
3104:Mactan–Cebu International Airport Authority
1450:
1448:
942:) is the main international gateway to the
33:Canoes in a river in Manila, circa pre-1935
2910:
2671:
2626:
2612:
2604:
2384:
2261:
2247:
2239:
2087:"Megawide officially loses NAIA rehab bid"
1468:Department of Transportation (Philippines)
3157:
2311:Metropolitan Manila Development Authority
2183:Lopez, Melissa Luz (September 18, 2019).
2030:"Uncertain future: What's next for NAIA?"
1925:
1739:
364:Metropolitan Manila Development Authority
147:Metropolitan Manila Development Authority
1852:Badilla, Nielson S. (January 31, 2016).
1755:Periabras, Rosalie C. (August 5, 2015).
588:
460:
354:Buses and jeepneys share Manila's roads.
267:to the south. Connecting the two is the
3109:Clark International Airport Corporation
2654:Department of Public Works and Highways
2306:Department of Public Works and Highways
2157:Navales, Reynaldo G. (March 19, 2021).
1711:(Masters thesis). Linkoping University.
1193:
1166:Department of Public Works and Highways
313:List of crossings of the Marikina River
195:, with Manila at the innermost circle.
143:Department of Public Works and Highways
3099:Manila International Airport Authority
2294:Manila International Airport Authority
1810:"DOTr launches PUV Modernization Expo"
1375:: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (
1368:
964:Manila International Airport Authority
771:Parañaque Integrated Terminal Exchange
490:Japan International Cooperation Agency
436:Parañaque Integrated Terminal Exchange
1967:Pateña, Aerol John (August 6, 2018).
1645:
1643:
1641:
902:Air transportation in the Philippines
279:, with other expressways such as the
7:
1854:"Groups to protest jeepney phaseout"
1290:"Love of cars and hatred of traffic"
1258:
1256:
442:Point-to-point buses (express buses)
420:Quezon City Hall to Manila City Hall
309:List of crossings of the Pasig River
1880:De Vera, Ellalyn (April 17, 2016).
906:Airports in the Greater Manila Area
807:Taguig Integrated Terminal Exchange
762:Bus, jeepney, taxi, and UV Express
726:Bus, jeepney, taxi, and UV Express
127:are planned or under construction.
3033:Philippine Nautical Highway System
2794:Premium Point-to-Point Bus Service
2659:Office for Transportation Security
2522:Ninoy Aquino International Airport
2356:Premium Point-to-Point Bus Service
2214:Gonzales, Iris (October 7, 2020).
1589:"Memorandum Circular No. 2020-038"
1423:"Memorandum Circular No. 2020-019"
1228:Japan Railway and Transport Review
1181:Philippine Nautical Highway System
966:(MIAA), an attached agency of the
954:, about seven kilometers south of
924:Ninoy Aquino International Airport
797:Bus, jeepney, taxi and UV Express
659:Bus, jeepney, taxi and UV Express
448:Premium Point-to-Point Bus Service
346:List of bus routes in Metro Manila
84:also operate within Metro Manila.
14:
2635:Transportation in the Philippines
1941:de Jesus, J.L. (March 14, 2017).
1676:Lema, Karen (November 20, 2007).
1399:. January 8, 2018. Archived from
1161:Transportation in the Philippines
408:intelligent transportation system
335:Transportation in the Philippines
281:Southeast Metro Manila Expressway
72:are still used in the streets of
2532:New Manila International Airport
1508:dela Cruz, R.C. (June 4, 2020).
1129:
1115:
999:New Manila International Airport
781:
700:
679:
625:
555:Manila Metro Rail Transit System
551:Manila Light Rail Transit System
233:
217:
115:. Additional rail lines such as
1085:operates 17 stations along the
80:. Ridesharing services such as
64:. In some areas, especially in
3249:Transportation in Metro Manila
3208:Transportation in Metro Manila
3203:Traffic law in the Philippines
3168:Legazpi Grand Central Terminal
3163:Santa Rosa Integrated Terminal
2867:No Contact Apprehension Policy
2583:Strong Republic Transit System
2270:Transportation in Metro Manila
2131:Rey, Aika (October 13, 2020).
1728:World Electric Vehicle Journal
1536:San Juan, A. (June 24, 2020).
1429:. May 24, 2020. Archived from
502:transport strikes in 2017–2019
1:
2872:Number coding in Metro Manila
2754:Cebu Bus Rapid Transit System
2573:Number coding in Metro Manila
1702:Roth, Lars Christian (2000).
1562:Marquez, C. (June 24, 2020).
1093:in Manila to Pinagbuhatan in
1051:, located in the vicinity of
958:city proper and southwest of
883:Note: Terminals and lines in
669:North Triangle Common Station
251:Philippine expressway network
178:List of roads in Metro Manila
3213:Transportation in Metro Cebu
2921:Philippine National Railways
2649:Department of Transportation
2481:North–South Commuter Railway
2464:Philippine National Railways
2299:Philippine National Railways
2289:Light Rail Transit Authority
2284:Department of Transportation
1832:Department of Transportation
1219:Satre, Gary L. (June 1998).
1171:Department of Transportation
968:Department of Transportation
842:North–South Commuter Railway
575:Light Rail Transit Authority
360:Department of Transportation
273:Muntinlupa–Cavite Expressway
139:Department of Transportation
89:Philippine National Railways
3058:Maritime Industry Authority
2892:Vehicle registration plates
2852:Anti-Distracted Driving Act
2537:Clark International Airport
979:Clark International Airport
800:Opened on November 5, 2018
378:follow through of the 2017
3270:
3048:Philippine Ports Authority
2558:Cycling in the Philippines
1176:Philippine highway network
1074:
1040:
996:
899:
876:Opened on August 15, 2018
860:Valenzuela Gateway Complex
662:Opened on March 14, 2017.
530:
445:
343:
332:
306:
257:controlled-access highways
248:
175:
3226:
2970:Metro Manila Rail Network
2506:Pasig River Ferry Service
1947:Philippine Daily Inquirer
1568:Philippine Daily Inquirer
1294:archives.bworldonline.com
1083:Pasig River Ferry Service
880:
600:
597:
594:
591:
200:Dr. Arcadio Santos Avenue
39:transportation system in
3089:Civil Aviation Authority
2435:Makati Intra-city Subway
765:Opened on July 18, 2022
285:C-5 Southlink Expressway
125:Makati Intra-city Subway
3254:Transportation in Luzon
3218:Metro Manila Dream Plan
3185:Cebu South Bus Terminal
3180:Cebu North Bus Terminal
3094:Civil Aeronautics Board
2588:Traffic in Metro Manila
2563:Metro Manila Dream Plan
2471:PNR Metro Commuter Line
1234:: 33–37. Archived from
1151:Traffic in Metro Manila
1010:Metro Manila Dream Plan
962:. It is managed by the
559:PNR Metro Commuter Line
486:Metro Manila Dream Plan
392:Citylink Coach Services
366:(MMDA) and operated by
3158:Metro Manila terminals
2699:Pan-Philippine Highway
1974:Philippine News Agency
1515:Philippine News Agency
1038:
920:
887:are under construction
542:
528:
470:
355:
293:Pasig River Expressway
265:South Luzon Expressway
261:North Luzon Expressway
241:South Luzon Expressway
225:North Luzon Expressway
168:
107:which was followed by
34:
26:
2527:Sangley Point Airport
2028:Mateo, Jan Victor R.
1433:on September 20, 2021
1123:Transportation portal
1032:
918:
615:Araneta City Bus Port
549:. It consists of the
547:its surrounding areas
540:
519:
464:
368:private bus operators
353:
329:Public transportation
249:Further information:
163:
132:Philippine government
32:
24:
3145:Intermodal terminals
2054:Lopez, Melissa Luz.
1788:Top Gear Philippines
1741:10.3390/wevj10030051
1626:on February 17, 2019
1403:on February 14, 2019
1020:Water transportation
653:Araneta Center–Cubao
636:Araneta Center–Cubao
585:Intermodal terminals
3053:Cebu Port Authority
2857:Automotive industry
2476:PNR South Main Line
2450:Metro Manila Subway
2221:The Philippine Star
2006:on October 16, 2021
1494:The Philippine STAR
1101:, apart from local
1035:Manila North Harbor
983:Clark Freeport Zone
854:Under construction
829:Metro Manila Subway
721:Metro Manila Subway
512:Rail transportation
484:. According to the
189:Greater Manila Area
121:Metro Manila Subway
97:Metro Commuter Line
46:metropolitan Manila
3007:Davao People Mover
2704:Metro Manila roads
2329:Expressway network
1927:10.3390/su12114720
1464:Changing Transport
1137:Philippines portal
1039:
1025:Seaports and piers
921:
896:Air transportation
543:
529:
524:train approaching
482:Philippine culture
471:
356:
169:
35:
27:
3236:
3235:
3043:Pasig River Ferry
3016:
3015:
2900:
2899:
2770:Davao Bus Project
2601:
2600:
2489:
2488:
2417:Manila MRT System
2389:Manila LRT System
1600:. August 17, 2020
1077:Pasig River Ferry
1071:Pasig River Ferry
993:Proposed airports
981:, located in the
893:
892:
888:
526:Katipunan station
402:Bus rapid transit
263:to the north and
3261:
3196:Related articles
3135:Expressway tolls
2944:Mindanao Railway
2911:
2672:
2628:
2621:
2614:
2605:
2385:
2263:
2256:
2249:
2240:
2233:
2232:
2230:
2228:
2211:
2205:
2204:
2202:
2200:
2195:on June 13, 2022
2191:. Archived from
2180:
2174:
2173:
2171:
2169:
2154:
2148:
2147:
2145:
2143:
2128:
2122:
2121:
2120:. July 30, 2018.
2108:
2102:
2101:
2099:
2097:
2082:
2076:
2075:
2073:
2071:
2066:on July 17, 2020
2062:. Archived from
2051:
2045:
2044:
2042:
2040:
2025:
2016:
2015:
2013:
2011:
1992:
1986:
1985:
1983:
1981:
1964:
1958:
1957:
1955:
1953:
1938:
1932:
1931:
1929:
1905:
1899:
1898:
1896:
1894:
1877:
1871:
1870:
1868:
1866:
1859:The Manila Times
1849:
1843:
1842:
1840:
1838:
1824:
1818:
1817:
1805:
1799:
1798:
1796:
1794:
1780:
1774:
1773:
1771:
1769:
1762:The Manila Times
1752:
1746:
1745:
1743:
1719:
1713:
1712:
1710:
1699:
1693:
1692:
1690:
1688:
1673:
1667:
1666:
1664:
1662:
1657:. April 26, 2021
1647:
1636:
1635:
1633:
1631:
1622:. Archived from
1616:
1610:
1609:
1607:
1605:
1593:
1585:
1579:
1578:
1576:
1574:
1559:
1553:
1552:
1550:
1548:
1533:
1527:
1526:
1524:
1522:
1505:
1499:
1498:
1485:
1479:
1478:
1476:
1474:
1461:
1452:
1443:
1442:
1440:
1438:
1419:
1413:
1412:
1410:
1408:
1387:
1381:
1380:
1374:
1366:
1364:
1362:
1357:on June 15, 2016
1356:
1350:. Archived from
1349:
1341:
1335:
1334:
1332:
1330:
1319:
1313:
1309:
1307:
1305:
1300:on July 18, 2016
1296:. Archived from
1286:
1280:
1279:
1277:
1275:
1268:The Manila Times
1260:
1251:
1250:
1248:
1246:
1240:
1225:
1216:
1210:
1209:
1198:
1139:
1134:
1133:
1132:
1125:
1120:
1119:
889:
882:
840:
837:
827:
824:
785:
750:
748:
719:
716:
704:
694:
692:
683:
646:
644:
629:
589:
255:Expressways are
237:
221:
145:(DPWH), and the
3269:
3268:
3264:
3263:
3262:
3260:
3259:
3258:
3239:
3238:
3237:
3232:
3222:
3191:
3139:
3113:
3067:
3063:Josefa Slipways
3012:
2958:
2938:South Main Line
2932:North Main Line
2896:
2862:Driving license
2840:
2730:
2663:
2637:
2632:
2602:
2597:
2568:Metrostar Ferry
2541:
2510:
2485:
2459:
2411:
2383:
2360:
2334:Highway network
2315:
2272:
2267:
2237:
2236:
2226:
2224:
2213:
2212:
2208:
2198:
2196:
2189:CNN Philippines
2182:
2181:
2177:
2167:
2165:
2156:
2155:
2151:
2141:
2139:
2130:
2129:
2125:
2110:
2109:
2105:
2095:
2093:
2091:GMA News Online
2084:
2083:
2079:
2069:
2067:
2060:CNN Philippines
2053:
2052:
2048:
2038:
2036:
2027:
2026:
2019:
2009:
2007:
1994:
1993:
1989:
1979:
1977:
1966:
1965:
1961:
1951:
1949:
1940:
1939:
1935:
1907:
1906:
1902:
1892:
1890:
1887:Manila Bulletin
1879:
1878:
1874:
1864:
1862:
1851:
1850:
1846:
1836:
1834:
1826:
1825:
1821:
1807:
1806:
1802:
1792:
1790:
1782:
1781:
1777:
1767:
1765:
1754:
1753:
1749:
1721:
1720:
1716:
1708:
1701:
1700:
1696:
1686:
1684:
1675:
1674:
1670:
1660:
1658:
1649:
1648:
1639:
1629:
1627:
1618:
1617:
1613:
1603:
1601:
1591:
1587:
1586:
1582:
1572:
1570:
1561:
1560:
1556:
1546:
1544:
1542:Manila Bulletin
1535:
1534:
1530:
1520:
1518:
1507:
1506:
1502:
1487:
1486:
1482:
1472:
1470:
1459:
1454:
1453:
1446:
1436:
1434:
1421:
1420:
1416:
1406:
1404:
1396:CNN Philippines
1389:
1388:
1384:
1367:
1360:
1358:
1354:
1347:
1345:"Archived copy"
1343:
1342:
1338:
1328:
1326:
1321:
1320:
1316:
1303:
1301:
1288:
1287:
1283:
1273:
1271:
1270:. March 9, 2021
1262:
1261:
1254:
1244:
1242:
1238:
1223:
1218:
1217:
1213:
1202:"Why GrabTaxi?"
1200:
1199:
1195:
1190:
1185:
1135:
1130:
1128:
1121:
1114:
1111:
1079:
1073:
1045:
1027:
1022:
1001:
995:
913:
908:
900:Main articles:
898:
881:
835:
832:
822:
819:
746:
744:
714:
711:
709:
698:
690:
688:
687:
642:
640:
587:
535:
522:LRTA 2000 class
514:
459:
450:
444:
404:
362:(DOTr) and the
348:
342:
337:
331:
315:
305:
277:NAIA Expressway
253:
247:
246:
245:
244:
243:
238:
229:
228:
227:
222:
211:
180:
174:
158:
152:
17:
12:
11:
5:
3267:
3265:
3257:
3256:
3251:
3241:
3240:
3234:
3233:
3227:
3224:
3223:
3221:
3220:
3215:
3210:
3205:
3199:
3197:
3193:
3192:
3190:
3189:
3188:
3187:
3182:
3172:
3171:
3170:
3165:
3160:
3149:
3147:
3141:
3140:
3138:
3137:
3132:
3127:
3121:
3119:
3115:
3114:
3112:
3111:
3106:
3101:
3096:
3091:
3086:
3081:
3075:
3073:
3069:
3068:
3066:
3065:
3060:
3055:
3050:
3045:
3040:
3038:Shipping lines
3035:
3030:
3024:
3022:
3018:
3017:
3014:
3013:
3011:
3010:
3003:
2996:
2995:
2994:
2987:
2982:
2977:
2966:
2964:
2960:
2959:
2957:
2956:
2953:Panay Railways
2949:
2948:
2947:
2940:
2935:
2928:
2917:
2915:
2908:
2902:
2901:
2898:
2897:
2895:
2894:
2889:
2884:
2879:
2874:
2869:
2864:
2859:
2854:
2848:
2846:
2842:
2841:
2839:
2838:
2833:
2828:
2823:
2818:
2813:
2808:
2803:
2798:
2797:
2796:
2791:
2790:
2789:
2784:
2774:
2773:
2772:
2764:
2763:
2762:
2757:
2747:
2738:
2736:
2732:
2731:
2729:
2728:
2723:
2722:
2721:
2719:Mindanao roads
2716:
2711:
2706:
2701:
2691:
2690:
2689:
2678:
2676:
2669:
2665:
2664:
2662:
2661:
2656:
2651:
2645:
2643:
2639:
2638:
2633:
2631:
2630:
2623:
2616:
2608:
2599:
2598:
2596:
2595:
2590:
2585:
2580:
2575:
2570:
2565:
2560:
2555:
2549:
2547:
2543:
2542:
2540:
2539:
2534:
2529:
2524:
2518:
2516:
2512:
2511:
2509:
2508:
2503:
2501:Port of Manila
2497:
2495:
2491:
2490:
2487:
2486:
2484:
2483:
2478:
2473:
2467:
2465:
2461:
2460:
2458:
2457:
2452:
2447:
2442:
2437:
2432:
2427:
2421:
2419:
2413:
2412:
2410:
2409:
2404:
2399:
2393:
2391:
2382:
2381:
2376:
2370:
2368:
2362:
2361:
2359:
2358:
2353:
2352:
2351:
2346:
2336:
2331:
2325:
2323:
2317:
2316:
2314:
2313:
2308:
2303:
2302:
2301:
2296:
2291:
2280:
2278:
2274:
2273:
2268:
2266:
2265:
2258:
2251:
2243:
2235:
2234:
2206:
2175:
2149:
2123:
2103:
2077:
2046:
2017:
1987:
1959:
1933:
1914:Sustainability
1900:
1872:
1844:
1819:
1800:
1775:
1747:
1714:
1694:
1668:
1637:
1611:
1580:
1554:
1528:
1500:
1480:
1444:
1414:
1382:
1336:
1314:
1281:
1252:
1241:on May 5, 2006
1211:
1192:
1191:
1189:
1186:
1184:
1183:
1178:
1173:
1168:
1163:
1158:
1153:
1148:
1142:
1141:
1140:
1126:
1110:
1107:
1091:Escolta Street
1075:Main article:
1072:
1069:
1061:All Saints Day
1049:Port of Manila
1043:Port of Manila
1041:Main article:
1026:
1023:
1021:
1018:
1003:In June 2014,
994:
991:
912:
909:
897:
894:
891:
890:
878:
877:
874:
871:
868:
863:
856:
855:
852:
849:
816:
811:
802:
801:
798:
795:
779:
774:
767:
766:
763:
760:
742:
737:
731:
730:
727:
724:
677:
672:
664:
663:
660:
657:
623:
618:
611:
610:
607:
603:
602:
599:
596:
593:
586:
583:
579:Southeast Asia
531:Main article:
513:
510:
488:report by the
458:
455:
446:Main article:
443:
440:
428:
427:
424:
421:
418:
415:
403:
400:
341:
338:
330:
327:
304:
301:
297:R-7 Expressway
289:C-5 Expressway
239:
232:
231:
230:
223:
216:
215:
214:
213:
212:
210:
207:
176:Main article:
173:
170:
157:
156:Infrastructure
154:
58:auto rickshaws
15:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
3266:
3255:
3252:
3250:
3247:
3246:
3244:
3230:
3225:
3219:
3216:
3214:
3211:
3209:
3206:
3204:
3201:
3200:
3198:
3194:
3186:
3183:
3181:
3178:
3177:
3176:
3173:
3169:
3166:
3164:
3161:
3159:
3156:
3155:
3154:
3151:
3150:
3148:
3146:
3142:
3136:
3133:
3131:
3128:
3126:
3123:
3122:
3120:
3116:
3110:
3107:
3105:
3102:
3100:
3097:
3095:
3092:
3090:
3087:
3085:
3082:
3080:
3077:
3076:
3074:
3070:
3064:
3061:
3059:
3056:
3054:
3051:
3049:
3046:
3044:
3041:
3039:
3036:
3034:
3031:
3029:
3026:
3025:
3023:
3019:
3009:
3008:
3004:
3002:
3001:
3000:Cebu Monorail
2997:
2993:
2992:
2988:
2986:
2983:
2981:
2978:
2976:
2973:
2972:
2971:
2968:
2967:
2965:
2961:
2955:
2954:
2950:
2946:
2945:
2941:
2939:
2936:
2934:
2933:
2929:
2927:
2924:
2923:
2922:
2919:
2918:
2916:
2912:
2909:
2907:
2903:
2893:
2890:
2888:
2885:
2883:
2880:
2878:
2875:
2873:
2870:
2868:
2865:
2863:
2860:
2858:
2855:
2853:
2850:
2849:
2847:
2843:
2837:
2834:
2832:
2829:
2827:
2824:
2822:
2819:
2817:
2814:
2812:
2809:
2807:
2804:
2802:
2799:
2795:
2792:
2788:
2787:EDSA Carousel
2785:
2783:
2780:
2779:
2778:
2775:
2771:
2768:
2767:
2765:
2761:
2758:
2756:
2755:
2751:
2750:
2748:
2746:
2745:Bus companies
2743:
2742:
2740:
2739:
2737:
2733:
2727:
2724:
2720:
2717:
2715:
2714:Visayas roads
2712:
2710:
2707:
2705:
2702:
2700:
2697:
2696:
2695:
2692:
2688:
2685:
2684:
2683:
2680:
2679:
2677:
2673:
2670:
2666:
2660:
2657:
2655:
2652:
2650:
2647:
2646:
2644:
2640:
2636:
2629:
2624:
2622:
2617:
2615:
2610:
2609:
2606:
2594:
2591:
2589:
2586:
2584:
2581:
2579:
2576:
2574:
2571:
2569:
2566:
2564:
2561:
2559:
2556:
2554:
2551:
2550:
2548:
2544:
2538:
2535:
2533:
2530:
2528:
2525:
2523:
2520:
2519:
2517:
2513:
2507:
2504:
2502:
2499:
2498:
2496:
2492:
2482:
2479:
2477:
2474:
2472:
2469:
2468:
2466:
2462:
2456:
2453:
2451:
2448:
2446:
2443:
2441:
2438:
2436:
2433:
2431:
2428:
2426:
2423:
2422:
2420:
2418:
2414:
2408:
2405:
2403:
2400:
2398:
2395:
2394:
2392:
2390:
2386:
2380:
2377:
2375:
2372:
2371:
2369:
2367:
2363:
2357:
2354:
2350:
2347:
2345:
2344:EDSA Carousel
2342:
2341:
2340:
2337:
2335:
2332:
2330:
2327:
2326:
2324:
2322:
2318:
2312:
2309:
2307:
2304:
2300:
2297:
2295:
2292:
2290:
2287:
2286:
2285:
2282:
2281:
2279:
2275:
2271:
2264:
2259:
2257:
2252:
2250:
2245:
2244:
2241:
2223:
2222:
2217:
2210:
2207:
2199:September 18,
2194:
2190:
2186:
2179:
2176:
2164:
2160:
2153:
2150:
2138:
2134:
2127:
2124:
2119:
2118:
2117:BusinessWorld
2113:
2107:
2104:
2092:
2088:
2081:
2078:
2065:
2061:
2057:
2050:
2047:
2035:
2031:
2024:
2022:
2018:
2005:
2001:
1997:
1991:
1988:
1976:
1975:
1970:
1963:
1960:
1948:
1944:
1937:
1934:
1928:
1923:
1919:
1915:
1911:
1904:
1901:
1889:
1888:
1883:
1876:
1873:
1861:
1860:
1855:
1848:
1845:
1833:
1829:
1823:
1820:
1815:
1811:
1808:PH, Carmudi.
1804:
1801:
1789:
1785:
1779:
1776:
1764:
1763:
1758:
1751:
1748:
1742:
1737:
1733:
1729:
1725:
1718:
1715:
1707:
1706:
1698:
1695:
1683:
1679:
1672:
1669:
1656:
1652:
1646:
1644:
1642:
1638:
1625:
1621:
1615:
1612:
1599:
1598:
1590:
1584:
1581:
1573:September 10,
1569:
1565:
1558:
1555:
1547:September 10,
1543:
1539:
1532:
1529:
1521:September 10,
1517:
1516:
1511:
1504:
1501:
1496:
1495:
1490:
1484:
1481:
1473:September 13,
1469:
1465:
1458:
1451:
1449:
1445:
1437:September 10,
1432:
1428:
1424:
1418:
1415:
1402:
1398:
1397:
1392:
1386:
1383:
1378:
1372:
1353:
1346:
1340:
1337:
1324:
1318:
1315:
1312:
1299:
1295:
1291:
1285:
1282:
1269:
1265:
1259:
1257:
1253:
1237:
1233:
1229:
1222:
1215:
1212:
1207:
1203:
1197:
1194:
1187:
1182:
1179:
1177:
1174:
1172:
1169:
1167:
1164:
1162:
1159:
1157:
1154:
1152:
1149:
1147:
1144:
1143:
1138:
1127:
1124:
1118:
1113:
1108:
1106:
1104:
1100:
1096:
1092:
1088:
1084:
1078:
1070:
1068:
1066:
1062:
1058:
1054:
1050:
1044:
1036:
1031:
1024:
1019:
1017:
1013:
1011:
1006:
1000:
992:
990:
988:
984:
980:
975:
971:
969:
965:
961:
957:
953:
949:
945:
941:
937:
933:
929:
925:
917:
910:
907:
903:
895:
886:
879:
875:
872:
869:
867:
864:
861:
858:
857:
853:
850:
848:
847:
843:
838:
830:
825:
817:
815:
812:
810:
808:
804:
803:
799:
796:
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2777:Metro Manila
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141:(DOTr), the
136:
129:
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41:Metro Manila
38:
36:
18:
2709:Luzon roads
2682:Expressways
2455:MRT Line 10
2010:October 24,
1407:January 18,
1329:January 30,
1099:Pasig River
1087:Pasig River
944:Philippines
675:Quezon City
621:Quezon City
478:Philippines
209:Expressways
3243:Categories
3175:Metro Cebu
2985:Manila MRT
2980:Manila LRT
2882:Road signs
2836:UV Express
2642:Government
2445:MRT Line 8
2440:MRT Line 7
2430:MRT Line 4
2425:MRT Line 3
2407:LRT Line 6
2402:LRT Line 2
2397:LRT Line 1
2339:Bus routes
2277:Government
2227:October 8,
1814:Yahoo News
1325:. Philstar
1188:References
1067:holidays.
1053:Manila Bay
997:See also:
866:Valenzuela
792:Asia World
787:LRT Line 1
752:MRT Line 3
706:MRT Line 7
696:MRT Line 3
685:LRT Line 1
648:MRT Line 3
631:LRT Line 2
598:Transfers
557:, and the
426:Skyway BRT
344:See also:
333:See also:
307:See also:
295:, and the
193:Manila Bay
117:MRT Line 7
113:MRT Line 3
109:LRT Line 2
105:LRT Line 1
91:(PNR) and
78:Intramuros
3130:BeepRides
2168:March 31,
2142:March 31,
1980:March 28,
1893:April 26,
1865:April 26,
1837:April 14,
1793:April 17,
1768:April 26,
1734:(3): 51.
1065:Christmas
1057:Holy Week
1012:roadmap.
952:Parañaque
777:Parañaque
735:One Ayala
595:Location
66:Divisoria
54:tricycles
3084:Airlines
3079:Airports
3072:Aviation
2991:SkyTrain
2975:Stations
2926:Stations
2914:Railways
2831:Kuliglig
2821:Trisikad
2816:Tricycle
2801:Bicycles
2735:Vehicles
2694:Highways
2515:Aviation
2379:SkyTrain
2374:Stations
2070:July 17,
2039:July 13,
1952:July 14,
1371:cite web
1304:July 14,
1274:July 13,
1109:See also
1063:and the
987:Pampanga
970:(DOTr).
911:Airports
567:jeepneys
474:Jeepneys
457:Jeepneys
423:EDSA BRT
323:Marikina
275:and the
123:and the
62:pedicabs
50:jeepneys
3229:Italics
3118:Payment
2826:Taxicab
2806:Jeepney
2782:BGC Bus
2726:Bridges
2593:TranvĂa
2546:Related
2349:BGC Bus
2163:SunStar
2137:Rappler
2096:June 3,
1682:Reuters
1655:Rappler
1311:Alt URL
885:italics
773:(PITX)
617:(ACBP)
414:BGC Bus
388:BGC Bus
303:Bridges
93:TranvĂa
74:Binondo
70:kalesas
2811:Kalesa
2766:Davao
1661:May 3,
1245:May 8,
1103:bangka
960:Makati
956:Manila
862:(VGC)
839:
833:
826:
820:
814:Taguig
809:(TITX)
740:Makati
718:
712:
601:Notes
467:Manila
394:, and
269:Skyway
185:Manila
101:Laguna
60:) and
3153:Luzon
3028:Ports
3021:Water
2845:Other
2760:MyBus
2749:Cebu
2675:Roads
2494:Water
2321:Roads
1709:(PDF)
1592:(PDF)
1460:(PDF)
1355:(PDF)
1348:(PDF)
1239:(PDF)
1224:(PDF)
1095:Pasig
1089:from
948:Pasay
757:Ayala
592:Name
563:buses
340:Buses
319:Pasig
172:Roads
3125:Beep
2906:Rail
2741:Bus
2687:List
2668:Road
2553:Beep
2366:Rail
2229:2020
2201:2019
2170:2021
2144:2021
2098:2021
2072:2020
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2012:2013
1982:2018
1954:2020
1895:2016
1867:2016
1839:2018
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1770:2016
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1632:2019
1606:2020
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1409:2018
1377:link
1363:2019
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1306:2021
1276:2021
1247:2006
1206:Grab
1081:The
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1033:The
1005:JICA
950:and
940:RPLL
936:ICAO
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