247:, giving 5 axles and 12 wheels in total. This format is now common across Europe as it is able to meet the EU maximum weight limit of 40,000 kg (88,000 pounds) without overloading any axle. Individual countries have raised their own weight limit. The U.K., for example, has a 44,000 kg (97,000 pounds) limit, an increase achieved by adding an extra axle to the tractor, usually in the form of a middle unpowered lifting axle (midlift) with a total of 14 wheels. The lift axles used on both tractors and trailers allow the trucks to remain legal when fully loaded (as weight per axle remains within the legal limits); on the other hand, these axle set(s) can be raised off the roadway for increased maneuverability or for reduced fuel consumption and tire wear when carrying lighter loads. Although lift axles usually operate automatically, they can be lowered manually even while carrying light loads, in order to remain within legal (safe) limits when, for example, navigating back-road bridges with severely restricted axle loads.
328:
the added benefit of one third fewer trucks on the road. The 1996 EU regulation defines a Europe Module System (EMS) as it was implemented in Sweden. The wording of EMS combinations and EuroCombi are now used interchangeably to point to truck combinations as specified in the EU document; however, apart from Sweden and
Finland, the EuroCombi is only allowed to operate on specific roads in other EU member states. Since 1996 Sweden and Finland formally won a final exemption from the European Economic Area rules with 60 tonne and 25.25-metre (83 ft) combinations. From 2006, 25.25 m truck trailer combinations are to be allowed on restricted routes within Germany, following a similar (on-going) trial in The Netherlands. Similarly, Denmark has allowed 25.25 m combinations on select routes. These vehicles will run a 60-tonne (59.1-long-ton; 66.1-short-ton) weight limit. Two types are to be used: 1) a 26-tonne truck pulling a dolly and semi-trailer, or 2) an articulated tractor unit pulling a
530:
in the total maximum length of the semi-trailer truck being 57 ft (17.5 m) for trailers 48 ft in length, and 61 ft (18.55 m) for trailers 51 ft long. The increase in length will not result in the 97,000 lb weight limit being exceeded and will allow some operators to approach the weight limit which may not have been previously possible due to the previous length of trailers. The trial will run for a maximum of 10 years. Providing certain requirements are fulfilled, a
Special Types General Order (STGO) allows for vehicles of any size or weight to travel on UK roads. However, in practice, any such vehicle has to travel by a route authorized by the Department of Transport and move under escort. The escort of abnormal loads in the UK is now predominantly carried out by private companies, but extremely large or heavy loads that require road closures must still be escorted by the police.
488:
1971:, a "Z" endorsement is required to drive any vehicle using air brakes; in provinces other than Ontario, the "A" endorsement is for air brake operation only, and an "S" endorsement is for both operation and adjustment of air brakes. Anyone holding a valid Ontario driver's license (i.e., excluding a motorcycle license) with a "Z" endorsement can legally drive any air-brake-equipped truck-trailer combination with a registered- or actual-gross-vehicle-weight (i.e., including towing- and towed-vehicle) up to 11 tonnes, that includes one trailer weighing no more than 4.6 tonnes if the license falls under the following three classes: Class E (school bus—maximum 24-passenger capacity or ambulance), F (regular bus—maximum 24-passenger capacity or ambulance) or G (car, van, or small-truck).
793:. This is reflected in the most popular configurations of trucks generally having dual drive axles and three axles on the trailers, with four tyres on each axle. This means that Australian single semi-trailer trucks will usually have 22 tyres, which is generally more than their counterparts in other countries. Super single tyres are sometimes used on tri-axle trailers. The suspension is designed with travel limiting, which will hold the rim off the road for one blown or deflated tyre for each side of the trailer, so a trailer can be driven at reduced speed to a safe place for repair. Super singles are also often used on the steer axle in Australia to allow greater loading over the steer axle. The increase in loading of steer tyres requires a permit.
546:
replace three standard semi-trailer trucks while, if limited to the current UK weight limit of 97,000 lb (44 t), it was claimed the Eco-Link would reduce carbon emissions by 16% and could still halve the number of trips needed for the same amount of cargo carried in conventional semi-trailer trucks. This is based on the fact that for light but bulky goods such as toilet paper, plastic bottles, cereals and aluminum cans, conventional semi-trailer trucks run out of cargo space before they reach the weight limit. At 97,000 lb (44 t), as opposed to 132,000 lb usually associated with B-Trains, the Eco-Link also exerts less weight per axle on the road compared to the standard six-axle 97,000 lb (44 t) semi-trailer truck.
575:
515:
some tractors and trailer having fewer axles. In practice, as with double decker buses and coaches in the UK, there is no legal height limit for semi-trailer trucks; however, bridges over 16.5 ft (5.03 m) do not have the height marked on them. Semi-trailer trucks in continental Europe have a height limit of 13.1 ft (4.0 m). Vehicles heavier than 44,000 kg are permitted on UK roads but are indivisible loads, which would be classed as abnormal (or oversize). Such vehicles are required to display an STGO (Special Types
General Order) plate on the front of the tractor unit and, under certain circumstances, are required to travel by an authorized route and have an escort.
378:
18.75 m (62 ft) truck and trailer to haul on the continent now could be handled by just two 25.25 m trucks – greatly reducing overall costs and emissions. Prepared since late 2012 and effective in
January 2013, Finland has changed its regulations to allow total maximum legal weight of a combination to be 76 t (75 long tons; 84 short tons). At the same time the maximum allowed height would be increased by 20 cm (8 in); from current maximum of 4.2 m (13.8 ft) to 4.4 m (14.4 ft). The effect this major maximum weight increase would cause to the roads and bridges in Finland over time is strongly debated.
690:
2095:) provide exemptions for farmers, allowing non-commercial license holders to operate semis within a certain air-mile radius of their reporting location. State exemptions, however, are only applicable in intrastate commerce; stipulations of the Code of Federal Regulations (CFR) may be applied in interstate commerce. Also a person under the age of 21 cannot operate a commercial vehicle outside the state where the commercial license was issued. This restriction may also be mirrored by certain states in their intrastate regulations. A person must be at least 18 in order to be issued a commercial license.
534:
light load is being carried; an arrangement known as a TAG axle when it is the rear axle, or mid-lift when it is the center axle). Some trailers have two axles which have twin tyres on each axle; other trailers have three axles, of which one axle can be a lift axle which has super-single wheels. In the UK, two wheels bolted to the same hub are classed as a single wheel, therefore a standard six-axle articulated truck is considered to have twelve wheels, even though it has twenty tyres. The UK also allows semi-trailer truck which have six tyres on two axles; these are known as four-wheelers.
341:
856:
837:
1515:
extend the requirement for underride protection to the sides of large vehicles". However, to date, a side underride guard mandate has yet to ever be proposed by the USDOT or NHTSA. In fact, for side underride guards, NHTSA has disregarded successful crash tests that stop a passenger vehicle from underriding a semitrailer, ignored recommendations, disregarded administrative petitions, and denied petitions. In fact, for decades NHTSA has ignored credible scientific research on side underride guards and failed to take simple steps to stop these crashes.
1384:, the use of the super-single tire is gaining popularity. There are several advantages to this configuration. The first of these is that super singles reduce fuel consumption. In 1999, tests on an oval track showed a 10% fuel savings when super singles were used. These savings are realized because less energy is wasted flexing fewer tire sidewalls. Second, the lighter overall tire weight allows a truck to be loaded with more freight. The third advantage is that the single wheel encloses less of the brake unit, which allows faster cooling and reduces
713:
1175:) are air hose connectors, each of which has a flat engaging face and retaining tabs. The faces are placed together, and the units are rotated so that the tabs engage each other to hold the connectors together. This arrangement provides a secure connection but allows the couplers to break away without damaging the equipment if they are pulled, as may happen when the tractor and trailer are separated without first uncoupling the air lines. These connectors are similar in design to the ones used for a similar purpose between
931:
1440:
50:
382:
1396:
significantly lower axle weight on super singles must be considered when comparing road wear from single versus dual wheels. The majority of super singles sold in Europe have a width of 385 mm (15.2 in). The standard 385 tires have a legal load limit of 4,500 kg (9,900 lb). (Note that expensive, specially reinforced 385 tires approved for 5,000 kg (11,000 lb) do exist. Their market share is tiny, except for mounting on the steer axle.)
634:, while the diesel fuel cost could be $ 70,000 per year. Trucks average from 4 to 8 miles per US gallon (59 to 29 L/100 km), with fuel economy standards requiring better than 7 miles per US gallon (34 L/100 km) efficiency by 2014. Power requirements in standard conditions are 170 hp (130 kW) at 55 mph (89 km/h) or 280 hp (210 kW) at 70 mph (113 km/h), and somewhat different power usage in other conditions.
360:, the allowed length has been 24 m (79 ft) since 1967. Before that, the maximum length was unlimited; the only limitations were on axle load. What stopped Sweden from adopting the same rules as the rest of Europe, when securing road safety, was the national importance of a competitive forestry industry. Finland, with the same road safety issues and equally important forestry industry, followed suit. The change made trucks able to carry three stacks of
2742:
2044:
61:
758:, does not set maximum length requirements (except on auto and boat transporters), only minimums. Tractors can pull two or three trailers if the combination is legal in that state. Weight maximums are 20,000 lb (9,100 kg) on a single axle, 34,000 lb (15,000 kg) on a tandem, and 80,000 lb (36,000 kg) total for any vehicle or combination. There is a maximum width of 8.5 ft (2.6 m) and no maximum height.
872:
814:
weight of 62.5 tonnes and overall length of 25 m (82 ft), or 26 m (85 ft) if they are fitted with approved FUPS (Front
Underrun Protection System) devices. B-doubles may only operate on designated roads, which includes most highways and some major metropolitan roads. B-doubles are very common in all parts of Australia including state capitals and on major routes they outnumber single trailer configurations.
550:
vehicles" may be permitted to draw more than one trailer and can be up to 85 ft (25.9 m). The point of law reportedly hinged on the definition of a "towing implement", with Denby prepared to argue that the second trailer on the Eco-Link was one. The
Department for Transport were of the opinion that this refers to recovering a vehicle after an accident or breakdown, but the regulation does not explicitly state this.
200:
73:
1129:
239:, have a sheer face on the front. This allows shorter trucks with longer trailers (with larger freight capacity) within the legal maximum total length. Furthermore, it offers greater maneuverability in confined areas, a more balanced weight-distribution, and better overall view for the driver. The major disadvantage is that for repairs on COE trucks, the entire cab has to hinge forward to allow maintenance access.
5345:
729:
5375:
300:
1299:
High range using the same shift pattern. A Super-10 transmission, by contrast, has no range splitter; it uses alternating "stick and button" shifting (stick shifts 1-3-5-7-9, button shifts 2-4-6-8-10). The 13-, 15-, and 18-speed transmissions have the same basic shift pattern but include a splitter button to enable additional ratios found in each range. Some transmissions may have 12 speeds.
5365:
522:, a coupled tractor unit and trailer will have a combined length of between 50 and 55 ft (15.25 and 16.75 m). Although the Construction and Use Regulations allow a maximum rigid length of 60 ft (18.2 m), this, combined with a shallow kingpin and fifth wheel set close to the rear of the tractor unit, can give an overall length of around 75 ft (22.75 m).
558:
December 2009 Denby
Transport were preparing to drive the Eco-Link on public roads, but this was cut short because the Police pulled the semi-trailer truck over as it left the gates in order to test it for its legality "to investigate any... offenses which may be found". The Police said the vehicle was unlawful due to its length and Denby Transport was served with a notice by the
1249:
638:
583:
1975:
11 tonnes, that includes one trailer weighing no more than 4.6 tonnes. Anyone holding an
Ontario Class A license (or its equivalent) can drive any truck-trailer combination with a registered- or actual-gross-vehicle-weight (i.e., including towing- and towed-vehicles) greater than 11 tonnes, that includes one or more trailers weighing more than 4.6 tonnes.
5355:
1236:, some local municipalities have prohibited or restricted the use of engine brake systems inside their jurisdictions, particularly in residential areas. The advantage to using engine braking instead of conventional brakes is that a truck can descend a long grade without overheating its wheel brakes. Some vehicles can also be equipped with hydraulic or electric
1900:
81:
1338:. This cable is a bundle of wires in a single casing. Each wire controls one of the electrical circuits on the trailer, such as running lights, brake lights, turn signals, etc. A coiled cable is used which retracts these coils when not under tension, such as when not cornering. It is these coils that cause the cable to look like a pigtail.
562:(VOSA) inspector to remove the vehicle from the road for inspection. Having returned to the yard, Denby Transport was formally notified by Police and VOSA that the semi-trailer truck could not be used. Neither the Eco-Link, nor any other B-Train, have since been permitted on UK roads. However, this prompted the
657:, or eight tires on the trailer, four per axle. In the US it is common to refer to the number of wheel hubs, rather than the number of tires; an axle can have either single or dual tires with no legal difference. The combination of eight tires on the trailer and ten tires on the tractor is what led to the
1116:, provided by the towing engine, to carry half the load weight. When braking hard at high speeds, the vehicle has a tendency to fold at the pivot point between the towing vehicle and the trailer. Such a truck accident is called a "trailer swing", although it is also commonly described as a "jackknife."
2014:
Class 2 – Medium Rigid
Vehicle: Any rigid vehicle with GLW 18,001 kg (39,685 lb) or less with light trailer of 3,500 kg (7,700 lb) or less, any combination vehicle with GCW 12,001 kg (26,458 lb) or less, any rigid vehicle of any weight with no more than two axles, or any
1514:
across the road, and helps protect cyclists, pedestrians and other vulnerable road users. In the 1969 proposal for rear underrride guards, the
Federal Highway Administration indicated that, "It is anticipated that the proposed standard will be amended, after technical studies have been completed, to
1501:
are ineffective in protecting the passengers. The underride guard provides a rigid area for the car to contact that is lower than the lip of the bonnet/hood, preventing the vehicle from squatting and running under the truck and ensuring that the vehicle's crush zones and engine block absorb the force
805:
In total, the maximum length that any articulated vehicle may be (without a special permit and escort) is 53.5 m (176 ft), its maximum load may be up to 164 tonnes gross, and may have up to four trailers. However, heavy restrictions apply to the areas where such a vehicle may travel in
626:
configuration, where the driver sits next to or over the engine. With changes in the US to the maximum length of the combined vehicle, the cabover was largely phased out of North American over-the-road (long-haul) service by 2007. Cabovers were difficult to service; for a long time, the cab could not
533:
In the UK, some semi-trailer trucks have eight tyres on three axles on the tractor; these are known as six-wheelers or "six leggers," with either the centre or rear axle having single wheels which normally steer as well as the front axle and can be raised when not needed (i.e. when unloaded or only a
472:
Starting from 21 January 2019 the Government of Finland changed the maximum allowed length of truck from 25.25 to 34.50 meters (82.8 to 113.2 ft). New types of vehicle combinations that differ from the current standards may also be used on the road. The requirements for combinations also include
332:, member states gained the ability to adopt the same rules. In Italy the maximum permitted weight (unless exceptional transport is authorized) is 44 tonnes for any kind of combination with five axles or more. Czech Republic has allowed 25.25 m combinations with a permission for a selected route.
319:. However, rules limiting the semi-trailers to 16.5 m (54 ft) and 18.75 m are met with trucks carrying a standardized 7.82 m (26 ft) body with one additional 7.82 m body on tow as a trailer. 25.25-metre (83 ft) truck combinations were developed under the branding of
1950:
In order to obtain an HC License the driver must have held an MR or HR license for at least 12 months. To upgrade to an MC License the driver must have held a HR or HC license for at least 12 months. From licenses MR and upward there is also a B Condition which may apply to the license if testing in
761:
Roads other than Interstates are regulated by individual states, and laws vary widely. Maximum weight varies between 80,000 lb (36,000 kg) to 171,000 lb (78,000 kg), depending on the combination. Most states restrict operation of larger tandem trailer setups such as triple units,
327:
for an ongoing standardization effort where such truck combinations shall be legal to operate in all jurisdictions of the European Economic Area. With the 50% increase in cargo weight, the fuel efficiency increases an average of 20% with a corresponding relative decrease in carbon emissions and with
801:
on the prime mover. The second and third trailers are supported by turntables on the trailers in front of them. As a result, B-Triples are much more stable than road trains and handle exceptionally well. True road trains only operate in remote areas, regulated by each state or territory government.
766:
of these vehicles and the larger minimum turning radii associated with them. In general, these configurations are restricted to the Interstates. Except for these units, double setups are not restricted to certain roads any more than a single setup. They are also not restricted by weather conditions
557:
Although the Department for Transport advised that the Eco-Link was not permissible on public roads, Denby Transport gave the Police prior warning of the timing and route of the test drive on the public highway, as well as outlining their position in writing to the Eastern Traffic Area Office. On 1
529:
began conducting a trial of longer semi-trailers. The trial involves 900 semi-trailers of 48 ft (14.6 m) in length (i.e. 3 ft longer than the current maximum), and a further 900 semi-trailers of 51 ft (15.65 m) in length (i.e. 7 ft longer). This will result
364:
logs instead of two, as it would be in a short combination. They have one stack together with a crane on the 6×4 truck, and two additional stacks on a four axle trailer. The allowed gross weight in both countries is up to 60 t (59 long tons; 66 short tons) depending on the distance between the
1518:
In Europe, side and rear underrun protection are mandated on all lorries and trailers with a gross weight of 3,500 kilograms (7,700 lb) or more. Several US states and cities have adopted or are in the process of adopting truck side guards, including New York City, Philadelphia, and Washington
1447:
Underride protection systems can be installed at the rear, front and sides of a truck and the rear and sides of a trailer. A Rear Underrun Protection System (RUPS) is a rigid assembly hanging down from trailer's chassis, which is intended to provide some protection for passenger cars which collide
1391:
One of the major disadvantages of the super singles is that they are currently not as widely available as a standard tire. In addition, if a tire should become deflated or be destroyed, there is not another tire attached to the same hub to maintain the dynamic stability of the vehicle, as would be
1298:
A ten-speed manual transmission, for example, is controlled via a six-slot H-box pattern, similar to that in five-speed cars — five forward and one reverse gear. Gears six to ten (and high-speed reverse) are accessed by a Lo/High range splitter; gears one to five are Lo range; gears six to ten are
813:
Articulated trucks towing a single trailer or two trailers (commonly known as "short doubles") with a maximum overall length of 19 m (62 ft) are referred to as "General access heavy vehicles" and are permitted in all areas, including metropolitan. B-doubles are limited to a maximum total
796:
Long haul transport usually operates as B-doubles with two trailers (each with three axles), for a total of nine axles (including steering). In some lighter duty applications, only one of the rear axles of the truck is driven, and the trailer may have only two axles. From July 2007, the Australian
675:
To connect the second of a set of doubles to the first trailer, and to support the front half of the second trailer, a converter gear known as a "dolly" is used. This has one or two axles, a fifth-wheel coupling for the rear trailer, and a tongue with a ring-hitch coupling for the forward trailer.
514:
of a semi-trailer truck without the use of a Special Type General Order (STGO) is 44,000 kg (97,000 lb). In order for a 44,000 kg semi-trailer truck to be permitted on UK roads the tractor and semi-trailer must have three or more axles each. Lower weight semi-trailer trucks can mean
1505:
In addition to rear underride guards, truck tractor cabs may be equipped with a Front Underrun Protection System (FUPS) at the front bumper of the truck, if the front end is not low enough for the bumper to provide the adequate protection on its own. The safest tractor-trailers are also equipped
1987:
driving licence is required to drive a tractor-trailer in Europe. Category C (Γ in Greece) is required for vehicles over 7,500 kg (16,500 lb), while category E is for heavy trailers, which in the case of trucks and buses means any trailer over 750 kg (1,650 lb). Vehicles over
1974:
A Class B (any school bus), C (any urban-transit-vehicle or highway-coach), or D (heavy trucks other than tractor-trailers) license enables its holder to drive any truck-trailer combination with a registered- or actual-gross-vehicle-weight (i.e., including towing- and towed-vehicle) greater than
1318:
required, but a clutch brake is required as well. The clutch brake stops the rotation of the gears and allows the truck to be put into gear without grinding when stationary. The clutch is pressed to the floor only to allow a smooth engagement of low gears when starting from a full stop; when the
545:
to show the benefits of such a vehicle, which were a reduction in road accidents and result in fewer road deaths, a reduction in emissions due to the one tractor unit still being used and no further highway investment being required. Furthermore, Denby Transport asserted that two Eco-Links would
441:
emissions reduction compared to the regular 60-tonne (59-long-ton; 66-short-ton) truck combinations. As the combination spreads its weight over more axles, braking distance, road wear and traffic safety is believed to be either the same or improved with the 90-tonne (89-long-ton; 99-short-ton)
368:
In the negotiations starting in the late 1980s preceding Sweden and Finland's entries to the European Economic Area and later the European Union, they insisted on exemptions from the EU rules citing environmental concerns and the transportation needs of the logging industry. In 1995, after their
377:
combinations came into use, often with one 6 m (20 ft) container on the B-link and a 12 m (40 ft) container (or two 6 m containers) on a semi-trailer bed. In allowing the longer truck combinations, what would take two 16.5 m (54 ft) semi-trailer trucks and one
817:
Maximum width of any vehicle is 2.5 m (8.2 ft) and a height of 4.3 m (14 ft). In the past few years, allowance has been made by several states to allow certain designs of heavy vehicles up to 4.6 m (15 ft) high but they are also restricted to designated routes. In
553:
During BTAC performance testing the Eco-Link was given an "excellent" rating for its performance in maneuverability, productivity, safety and emissions tests, exceeding ordinary semi-trailer trucks in many respects. Reportedly, private trials had also shown the Denby vehicle had a 20% shorter
549:
The vehicle was built after Denby Transport believed they had found a legal-loophole in the present UK law to allow the Eco-Link to be used on the public roads. The relevant legislation concerned the 1986 Road Vehicles Construction and Use Regulations. The 1986 regulations state that "certain
1395:
In Europe, super singles became popular when the allowed weight of semitrailer rigs was increased from 38 to 40 tonnes. In this reform the trailer industry replaced two 10-tonne (22,000 lb) axles with dual wheels, with three 8-tonne (18,000 lb) axles on wide-base single wheels. The
290:
used to lift the logs from the ground can be mounted on the rear of the truck behind the load, allowing a short (lightweight) crane to reach both ends of the vehicle without uncoupling. Also, construction trucks are more often seen in a rigid + midaxle trailer configuration instead of the
242:
In Europe, usually only the driven tractor axle has dual wheels, while single wheels are used for every other axle on the tractor and the trailer. The most common combination used in Europe is a semi tractor with two axles and a cargo trailer with three axles, one of which is sometimes a
894:. New rules were introduced effective 1 February 2017, which increased the maximum height, width and weight of loads and vehicles, to simplify regulations, increase the amount of freight carried by road, and to improve the range of vehicles and trailers available to transport operators.
1286:
can have as few as three forward speeds or as many as 18 forward speeds (plus 2 reverse speeds). A large number of transmission ratios means the driver can operate the engine more efficiently. Modern on-highway diesel engines are designed to provide maximum torque in a narrow
2185:
and tankers. These trailers may be refrigerated, heated, ventilated, or pressurized, depending on climate and cargo. Some trailers have movable wheel axles that can be adjusted by moving them on a track underneath the trailer body and securing them in place with large
1202:
or service has a male on the truck and female on the trailer. This avoids coupling errors (causing no brakes) plus the connections will not come apart if pulled by accident. The three electrical lines will fit one way around a primary black, a secondary green, and an
1153:
The parking brake of the tractor unit and the emergency brake of the trailer are spring brakes that require air pressure in order to be released. They are applied when air pressure is released from the system, and disengaged when air pressure is supplied. This is a
1919:
Truck drivers in Australia require an endorsed license. These endorsements are gained through training and experience. The minimum age to hold an endorsed license is 18 years, and/or must have held open (full) driver's license for minimum 12 months.
1931:
vehicle mass) of more than 4.5 tonnes but not more than 8 tonnes. Any towed trailer must not weigh more than 9 tonnes GVM. Also includes vehicles with a GVM up to 8 tonnes which carry more than 12 adults including the driver and vehicles in Class
1519:
DC. The NTSB has recommended that the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA) develop standards for side underride protection systems for trucks, and for newly manufactured trucks to be equipped with technology meeting the standards.
554:
stopping distance than conventional semi-trailer trucks of the same weight, due to having extra axles. The active steer system meant that the Eco-Link had a turning circle of 41 ft (12.5 m), the same as a conventional semi-trailer truck.
421:) started in December 2008. It will allow even longer vehicles to further rationalize the logging transports. As the name of the project points out, it will be able to carry four stacks of timber, instead of the usual three. The test is limited to
2266:, an American television show featured a semi-trailer truck called The Semi, operated by the Foundation for Law & Government (F.L.A.G.) as a mobile support facility for KITT. Also, in two episodes KITT faced off against an armored semi called
281:
the vehicle requires the same technique as backing an ordinary truck/full trailer combination, though the dolly/semi setup is probably longer, thus requiring more space for maneuvering. The tractor/semi-trailer configuration is rarely used on
1158:
design feature which ensures that if air pressure to either unit is lost, the vehicle will stop to a grinding halt, instead of continuing without brakes and becoming uncontrollable. The trailer controls are coupled to the tractor through two
1478:. The proposal to mandate rear underride guards was withdrawn in 1971 after strong lobbying and opposition by the trucking industry, and so they were not federally-mandated until 1996; that mandate did not go into effect until 1998.
1938:
HR (Heavy Rigid) – Class HR covers a rigid vehicle with three or more axles and a GVM of more than 15 tonnes. Any towed trailer must not weigh more than 9 tonnes GVM. Also includes articulated buses and vehicles in Class
797:
Federal and State Governments allowed the introduction of B-triple trucks on a specified network of roads. B-Triples are set up differently from conventional road trains. The front of their first trailer is supported by the
597:, the combination vehicles made up of a powered semi-tractor and one or more semitrailers are known as "semis", "semitrailers", "tractor-trailers", "big rigs", "semi-trucks", "eighteen-wheelers", or "semi-tractor-trailers".
2010:) will allow the driving of any vehicle with Gross Laden Weight (GLW) or Gross Combination Weight (GCW) of 6,000 kg (13,000 lb) or less. For other types of vehicles the classes are separately licensed as follows:
762:
turnpike doubles, and Rocky Mountain doubles. Reasons for limiting the legal trailer configurations include safety concerns and the impracticality of designing and constructing roads that can accommodate the larger
1966:
Regulations vary by province. A license to operate a vehicle with air brakes is required (i.e., normally a Class I, II, or III commercial license with an "A" or "S" endorsement in provinces other than Ontario). In
437:). The vehicle is a 30 m (98 ft) long truck trailer combination with a gross weight exceeding 90 tonnes (89 long tons; 99 short tons). It is estimated that this will give a 20% lower cost and 20–25% CO
5262:
1942:
HC (Heavy Combination) – Class HC covers heavy combination vehicles like a prime mover towing a semi-trailer, or rigid vehicles towing a trailer with a GVM of more than 9 tonnes. Also includes vehicles in Class
829:
are common, however, cabovers are most often seen on B-doubles on the eastern seaboard where the reduction in total length allows the vehicle to pull longer trailers and thus more cargo than it would otherwise.
3390:
4013:
915:
Trailers with two axle sets can be 20 m (66 ft) long, including heavy rigid vehicles towing two trailers. Oversized loads require, at minimum, a permit, and may require one or more pilot vehicles.
1506:
with side underride guards, also called Side Underrun Protection System (SUPS). These additional barriers prevent passenger cars from skidding underneath the trailer from the side, such as in an oblique or
5272:
1935:
MR (Medium Rigid) – Class MR covers a rigid vehicle with two axles and a GVM of more than 8 tonnes. Any towed trailer must not weigh more than 9 tonnes GVM. Also includes vehicles in Class LR.
454:. In 2012, the Northland Mining company received permission for 90-tonne (89-long-ton; 99-short-ton) combinations with normal axle load (an extra dolly) for use on the 150 km (93 mi)
1410:
An innovation rapidly growing in popularity is the skirted trailer. The space between the road and the bottom of the trailer frame was traditionally left open until it was realized that the
1326:, as electric motors have better torque at 0 RPM than diesel engines, but this would significantly increase the weight of the truck itself, above the maximum legal weight for road vehicles.
469:
studying transport efficiency in the timber industry. The combined vehicle is 33 metres (108 ft) long, has 13 axles, and weighs a total of 104 tonnes (102 long tons; 115 short tons).
4188:
3232:
2021:
Class 4 – Heavy Rigid Vehicle: Any rigid vehicle of any weight, any combination vehicle which consists of a heavy vehicle and a light trailer, or any vehicle of Class 1 or 2 (but not 3).
1992:
can be driven with a C1 license. Buses require a D (Δ in Greece) license. A bus that is registered for no more than 16 passengers, excluding the driver, can be driven with a D1 license.
743:
Rocky Mountain Doubles: One 40 to 53 ft (12.2 to 16.2 m) trailer (though usually no more than 48 ft (14.6 m)) and one 28.5 ft (8.7 m) trailer (known as a "
654:
922:(HPMV) permits are issued for vehicles exceeding 44 tonnes, or the above dimensions. Trucks up to 62 tonnes were allowed, with an initial bridge strengthening program costing $ 12.5m.
4881:
3193:
Hjelm, Linus; Bergqvist, Björn (2009). "European Truck Aerodynamics – A Comparison Between Conventional and CoE Truck Aerodynamics and a Look into Future Trends and Possibilities".
836:
4313:
3290:
487:
5057:
2199:
1392:
the case with dual wheels. With dual wheels, the remaining tire may be overloaded, but it will typically allow the vehicle to be safely stopped or driven to a repair facility.
750:
In Canada, a Turnpike Double is two 53 ft (16.2 m) trailers, and a Rocky Mountain Double is a 50 ft (15.2 m) trailer with a 24 ft (7.3 m) "pup".
1951:
a synchromesh or automatic transmission vehicle. The B Condition may be removed upon the driver proving the ability to drive a constant mesh transmission using the clutch.
5224:
2346:, a Canadian reality TV show that follows the operations of Jamie Davis Motor Trucking, a heavy vehicle rescue and recovery towing company based in Hope, British Columbia.
5162:
3427:
4410:
2071:). These rules define a combination vehicle as a motor vehicle towing a heavy trailer, i.e., a trailer with a gross weight of more than 750 kilograms (1,653 lb).
473:
camera systems for side visibility, an advanced emergency braking and lane detector system, electronic driving stability system and electronically controlled brakes.
5288:
5012:
4806:
1481:
The bottom rear of the trailer is near head level for an adult seated in a car, and without the underride guard, the only protection for such an adult's head in a
1457:
901:, or a rigid towing vehicle pulling a trailer with a drawbar, with a maximum of nine axles. Standard maximum vehicle lengths for trailers with one axle set are:
5267:
5152:
5115:
5080:
4623:
1419:
1443:
Crash test of an underride guard at 30–40 km/h (19–25 mph); the truck platform at head height has been prevented from slicing through the windshield
393:
have a standing special permit for 76-tonne (75-long-ton; 84-short-ton) combinations on select routes between mines in the inland and the processing plant in
4774:
4728:
5178:
3839:
767:
or "difficulty of operation". The Canadian province of Ontario, however, does have weather-related operating restrictions for larger tandem trailer setups.
4905:
810:
great care must be taken when sharing the road with longer articulated vehicles that often travel during the daytime, especially four-trailer road trains.
450:
counties in western Sweden: an enhanced truck and trailer combination for use in the forest and a b-double for plain highway transportation to the mill in
5092:
5040:
5019:
4995:
4961:
4944:
4893:
4698:
1473:
1376:
1367:
1306:, the clutch pedal is depressed full stroke to the floor for every gear shift, to ensure the gearbox is disengaged from the engine. On a semi-truck with
619:. The fifth-wheel trailer coupling on most tractor trucks is movable fore and aft, to allow adjustment in the weight distribution over its rear axle(s).
3813:
315:
member states was 18.75 m (61.5 ft) with a maximum weight of 40 or 44 tonnes (39.4 or 43.3 long tons; 44.1 or 48.5 short tons) if carrying an
4262:
574:
5188:
5007:
4927:
4876:
4762:
4740:
4724:
4424:
1351:
2 turning lights; one for right and one for left, flashing (amber; red optional in North America. May be combined with a brake light in North America)
401:
has a special permit for a 32 m (105 ft), steering B-trailer-trailer combination carrying two 12 m (40 ft) containers to and from
4218:
5157:
5052:
4845:
855:
4362:
4162:
755:
818:
effect, a 4.6 meter high B-double will have to follow two sets of rules: they may access only those roads that are permitted for B-doubles
373:
of 7.82 m (26 ft) to draw a 13.6 m (45 ft) standard semi-trailer on a dolly, a total overall length of 25.25 m. Later,
4934:
4791:
4180:
3243:
1946:
MC (Multi Combination) – Class MC covers multi-combination vehicles like road trains and B-double vehicles. Also includes vehicles in Class HC.
231:), while the majority of North American trucks are "conventional" (called "normal control" or "bonneted" in the UK). European trucks, whether
3452:
389:
However, longer and heavier combinations are regularly seen on public roads; special permits are issued for special cargo. The mining company
5246:
3913:
3210:
2318:, a History Channel show charts the lives of drivers who haul supplies to remote towns and work sites over frozen lakes that double as roads.
1580:
1568:
474:
5368:
1291:
range (usually 1200–1500 RPM); having more gear ratios means the driver can hold the engine in its optimum range regardless of road speed (
559:
3602:
2032:
4510:
2052:
708:
B-Doubles: Twin 33 ft (10.1 m) trailers in B-double configuration (very common in Canada but rarely used in the United States).
4693:
2334:
3309:
1165:, which provide air pressure, and an electrical cable, which provides power to the lights and any specialized features of the trailer.
5122:
4801:
4781:
3377:
3355:
2506:
3495:
2018:
Class 3 – Medium Combination Vehicle: Any combination vehicle of GCW 25,001 kg (55,118 lb) or less, or any Class 2 vehicle.
465:
As of 2015, the longest and heaviest truck in everyday use in Finland is operated by transport company Ketosen Kuljetus as part of a
5318:
5142:
4835:
4714:
4616:
4204:"Motor Vehicle Safety Standards; Rear Underride Protection; Trailers and Trucks with Gross Vehicle Weight Rating Over 10,000 Pounds"
4113:
3987:
3934:
3679:
3301:
2630:
1448:
with the rear of the trailer. Public awareness of this safeguard was increased in the aftermath of the accident that killed actress
1380:, on each axle is becoming popular among bulk cargo carriers and other weight-sensitive operators. With increased efforts to reduce
1237:
1323:
3857:
5236:
5214:
5198:
5147:
5110:
5075:
4747:
951:
566:
to undertake a desk study into semi-trailer trucks, which has resulted in the longer semi-trailer trial which commenced in 2012.
3645:
1144:. The use of air hoses allows for ease of coupling and uncoupling of trailers from the tractor unit. The most common failure is
4973:
4866:
4825:
4786:
4769:
4235:
1640:
1354:
2 marking lights behind if wider than certain specifications (red; plus a group of 3 red lights in the middle in North America)
689:
668:(the term "eighteen-wheeler" is a nickname for a five-axle over-the-road combination). Many trailers are equipped with movable
3961:
3726:
3435:
1422:(EPA) to provide fuel savings greater than 5%, and four split skirt concepts had EPA-verified fuel savings between 4% and 5%.
871:
5002:
4951:
4917:
4912:
4900:
4871:
4861:
4840:
4688:
4683:
4658:
2653:
1466:
2080:
1530:
under the trailer at highway speeds. Another benefit of having a sturdy rear underride guard is that it may be secured to a
1132:
A pair of semi-trailer "Suzies" at the back of an Australian prime mover, red line for emergency/supply and blue for control
5358:
3709:
356:
Denmark and Norway allow 25.25 m (83 ft) trucks (Denmark from 2008, and Norway from 2008 on selected routes). In
5409:
5087:
5047:
5035:
4990:
4968:
4956:
4939:
4888:
4830:
4813:
4796:
2544:
2262:
2001:
1269:
1232:
or combination of both. However, the use of compression brake alone produces a loud and distinctive noise, and to control
31:
4385:
5399:
5348:
5330:
4978:
4922:
4818:
4757:
4735:
4719:
4678:
4673:
4609:
2540:
2274:
2160:
2084:
2024:
Class 5 – Heavy Combination Vehicle: Any combination vehicle of any weight, and any vehicle covered by previous classes.
1877:
1538:", a movement of the trailer away from the dock, which opens up a dangerous gap during loading or unloading operations.
1489:
and A pillars. The front of the car goes under the platform of the trailer rather than making contact via the passenger
1307:
340:
4451:
5241:
4983:
4752:
2356:
2205:
2166:
2088:
781:
35:
3878:
3788:
442:
truck-trailer. In the same program two types of 76-tonne (75-long-ton; 84-short-ton) combinations will be tested in
3892:
30:"Big rig", "Eighteen wheeler", and "Truck and trailer" redirect here. For use of the expression in rugby union, see
5414:
5231:
4485:
2573:
2250:
1586:
1357:
2 marking lights front if wider than the truck or wider than certain specifications (white; amber in North America)
890:
New Zealand legislation governing truck dimensions falls under the Vehicle Dimensions and Mass Rules, published by
262:
3765:
2605:
is about a trucker stuck on the side of the highway during a blizzard, fantasizing about being home with his wife.
2595:
608:; those built for hauling heavy-duty commercial-construction machinery may have as many as five, some often being
477:
5193:
5183:
3843:
1839:
1315:
1097:
519:
510:, a semi-trailer truck is known as an 'articulated lorry' (or colloquially as an 'artic'). The maximum permitted
2852:
2756:
2689:
2646:
2429:
2190:. The purpose of this is to help adjust weight distribution over the various axles, to comply with local laws.
1984:
1652:
1381:
1283:
1204:
683:
627:
be lifted on its hinges to a full 90-degree forward tilt, severely limiting access to the front of the engine.
563:
526:
39:
3517:
2232:
712:
3817:
3589:
pay over $ 100,000 for your first commercial vehicle. 18-wheeler drinks .. easily more than $ 70,000 annually
4598:
Promote trailer safety and the success of the trailer manufacturing industry through education and advocacy.
3695:
2683:
2609:
2577:
2375:
1439:
1334:
An electrical connection is made between the tractor and the trailer through a cable often referred to as a
1276:
3576:
2006:
In New Zealand, drivers of heavy vehicles require specific licenses, termed as classes. A Class 1 license (
930:
277:
on the truck, maneuvering a trailer hooked to a dolly is different from maneuvering a fifth wheel trailer.
5298:
4336:
4203:
2668:
2218:
2170:. The system allows the cargo to switch from highway to railway or vice versa with relative ease by using
1833:
1288:
1077:
312:
3380:
HCT as an enabler for Combined Transports – A Study on potentials of implementing HCT-vehicles in Sweden]
518:
Most UK trailers are 45 ft (13.7 m) long and, dependent on the position of the fifth wheel and
5308:
3328:
3297:
3262:
3172:
2444:
2386:
1862:
1622:
381:
361:
4147:
3291:"Study Of Stability Measures And Legislation Of Heavy Articulated Vehicles In Different OECD Countries"
3239:
3048:
4288:
286:
since they use the two major advantages of having the weight of the load on the drive wheels, and the
49:
2862:
2661:
2470:
2322:
2125:
S – School Buses – Any school bus designed to transport 11 or more passengers (including the driver).
1101:
1062:
988:
798:
270:
118:
2091:(GVWR) of the towed vehicle(s) is in excess of 10,000 lb (4,500 kg). Some states (such as
1268:
to allow the driver to have as much control as possible. However, all truck manufacturers now offer
1187:
air supply line pressurizes the trailer's air tank and disengages the emergency brake, and a second
1150:, usually caused when the drums or discs and the linings of the brakes overheat from excessive use.
4632:
4036:"EPA Smartway Verification of Trailer Undercarriage Advanced Aerodynamic Drag Reduction Technology"
3899:
3864:
3409:
3378:
https://www.combine-project.com/sites/default/files/content/resource/files/combine_output_wp3.4.pdf
2766:
2380:
2299:
2113:
N – Tankers – the driver is acquainted with the unique handling characteristics of liquids tankers.
2107:
1908:
1747:
1727:
1691:
1265:
1253:
1037:
891:
500:
5374:
3197:. Lecture Notes in Applied and Computational Mechanics. Vol. 41. Springer. pp. 469–477.
5219:
4386:"Trapped Under Trucks: The Inside Story of the Government's Failure to Prevent Underride Crashes"
2867:
2812:
2638:
2459:
2438:
2403:
2394:
2240:
1722:
1482:
1161:
1072:
807:
2696:
1776:
676:
Individual states may further allow longer vehicles, known as "longer combination vehicles" (or
2031:
Further information on the New Zealand licensing system for heavy vehicles can be found at the
1319:
truck is moving, the clutch pedal is pressed only far enough to break torque for gear changes.
208:
5293:
4404:
4121:
3746:. Freight Management and Operations. US Department of Transportation. May 2003. FHWA-OP-03-099
3675:
3206:
3070:
2903:
2421:
2342:
2314:
1702:
1311:
1042:
426:
1120:
is a condition where the tractive unit swings round against the trailer, and not vice versa.
4540:
4047:
3988:"r/Trucks – Why aren't semi trucks diesel-electric like trains and busses? Genuine question"
3631:
3198:
2888:
2786:
2747:
2580:
tells the story of a trucker who calls home to his family every night while out on the road.
2565:
Country song "Eighteen Wheels and a Dozen Roses", made popular in 1987 by singer-songwriter
2363:
2330:) as a crown witness for the mafia who goes undercover, when forced into it, to fight crime.
2142:
2064:
2056:
2043:
1574:
1415:
1273:
1067:
60:
3842:(Press release). Ministry for the Department of Infrastructure. 9 July 2007. Archived from
2158:
are modified to hold the cargo trailer or container with wheels or without. This is called
2122:
P – Buses – Any Vehicle designed to transport 16 or more passengers (including the driver).
537:
In 2009, the operator Denby Transport designed and built a 83 ft long (25.25 m)
369:
entry to the union, the rules changed again, this time to allow trucks carrying a standard
5404:
3341:
3275:
2832:
2797:
2741:
2584:
2181:
come in many styles, lengths, and shapes. Some common types are: vans, reefers, flatbeds,
2171:
1882:
1857:
1852:
1452:
on 29 June 1967, when the car she was in hit the rear of a tractor-trailer, causing fatal
1449:
1233:
349:
258:
224:
162:
3743:
3469:
3146:
2948:
1018:
There are many types of semi-trailers in use, designed to haul a wide range of products.
3561:
3120:
1112:
cannot move by itself because it only has wheels at the rear end: it requires a forward
130:
There are a wide variety of English-language terms for a semi-trailer truck, including:
2973:
2827:
2817:
2559:
2489:
2453:
2306:
1786:
1610:
1507:
1302:
Another difference between semi-trucks and cars is the way the clutch is set up. On an
1219:
542:
507:
308:
228:
204:
199:
72:
4471:
4072:
2137:
Modern day semi-trailer trucks often operate as a part of a domestic or international
1128:
5393:
4648:
4518:
3023:
2928:
2857:
2847:
2791:
2727:
2723:
2613:
2528:
2513:
2434:
2414:
2399:
2283:
2267:
1781:
1592:
1556:
1405:
1229:
1109:
1057:
974:
878:
594:
466:
316:
220:
4148:"Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standards; Rear Impact Guards, Rear Impact Protection"
705:", known colloquially as "a set of joints"): Two 28.5 ft (8.7 m) trailers.
615:
The most common tractor-cab layout has a forward engine, one steering axle, and two
3539:
3448:
3095:
2923:
2898:
2883:
2878:
2837:
2704:
2617:
2602:
2588:
2566:
2555:
2517:
2464:
2327:
2291:
2255:
2225:
2187:
2178:
2092:
1957:
transmissions, predominantly Road Ranger eighteen-speed transmissions in Australia.
1928:
1815:
1801:
1766:
1742:
1646:
1535:
1531:
1523:
1176:
1105:
1013:
962:
957:
843:
740:
Turnpike Doubles: Two 40 ft (12.2 m) – 53 ft (16.2 m) trailers.
702:
693:
646:
601:
511:
406:
287:
283:
105:
101:
54:
2998:
2338:, a UK television show showing the trucking company Eddie Stobart and its drivers.
430:
299:
3202:
938:
with an enclosed cargo space. The underside view shows the arrangement of the 18
5378:
2908:
2822:
2548:
2479:
2449:
1988:
3,500 kg (7,700 lb)—which is the maximum limit of B license—but under
1821:
1712:
1696:
1664:
1658:
1616:
1604:
1511:
1453:
1117:
1032:
947:
459:
455:
447:
398:
266:
236:
232:
2425:, Stephen King's 1986 film, featured big rigs as its primary homicidal villains
2224:
NBC ran two popular TV series about truck drivers in the 1970s featuring actor
17:
5303:
2893:
2873:
2807:
2737:
2719:
2675:
2536:
2532:
2483:
2295:
1761:
1634:
1562:
1527:
1494:
1490:
1486:
1411:
1385:
1303:
1292:
1224:
1146:
1137:
1084:
1052:
1047:
898:
862:
790:
744:
728:
677:
622:
Ubiquitous in Europe but less common in North America since the 1990s, is the
616:
422:
402:
390:
278:
133:
4125:
1264:
Because of the wide variety of loads the semi may carry, they usually have a
5325:
5313:
3305:
2494:
2475:
2409:
2368:
2138:
1796:
1791:
1737:
1732:
1670:
1598:
1248:
1155:
1023:
983:
786:
763:
385:
12 m (40 ft) container turnpike doubles have been tested in Sweden
370:
345:
113:
85:
27:
Combination of a tractor unit and one or more semi-trailers to carry freight
637:
582:
3914:"Land Transport Rule – Vehicle Dimensions and Mass 2016 – Rule 41001/2016"
1198:
or emergency), have a female on the truck and male on the trailer, but a
4051:
3456:
2781:
2521:
2182:
2148:
1717:
1707:
846:
665:
623:
451:
443:
434:
410:
374:
329:
65:
2310:, a CMT show features trucks getting 'tricked out' (heavily customized).
2119:
T – Doubles & Triples – the licensee may pull more than one trailer.
3496:"Largest lorry in western Europe to start operating in Finnish Lapland"
2842:
2802:
2279:
2155:
1968:
1498:
1272:(manual gearboxes with automated gear change), as well as conventional
1027:
826:
658:
538:
496:
394:
109:
4601:
2598:
tells the story of a female trucker, sung by a male with a deep voice.
2413:, George Miller's 1981 film, features the titular character driving a
1899:
1425:
Skirted trailers are often combined with Underrun Protection Systems (
1256:
have 4–5 ratios on main shift and 3–4 on the auxiliary: pictured is a
1100:, hooked to a horseshoe-shaped quick-release coupling device called a
80:
4099:
Reauthorization of the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration
4035:
1429:), greatly improving safety for passenger vehicles sharing the road.
1001:
968:
733:
717:
669:
650:
357:
274:
216:
4168:
from the original on 15 December 2023 – via National Archives.
2390:, a 1977 film featuring a number of trucks on the side of the bandit
2116:
X – Signifies Hazardous Materials and Tanker endorsements, combined.
2102:
are necessary for certain cargo and vehicle arrangements and types;
5263:
Association for Standardisation of Automation and Measuring Systems
3428:"Dispensation for 90 Tonnes Truckes is Favorable for All Concerned"
1522:
In addition to safety benefits, these underride guards may improve
2918:
2913:
2771:
2761:
2145:
1923:
The following are the heavy vehicle license classes in Australia:
1898:
1867:
1827:
1771:
1628:
1438:
1247:
1222:, which could be either a compression brake (usually shortened to
1141:
1127:
993:
929:
897:
Common combinations in New Zealand are a standard semi-trailer, a
727:
711:
688:
680:), and may allow them to operate on roads other than Interstates.
636:
587:
581:
573:
492:
486:
380:
339:
298:
198:
79:
71:
59:
48:
4384:
Ingram, A. C. Thompson, Kartikay Mehrotra, Julia (13 June 2023).
4224:
from the original on 6 August 2023 – via National Archives.
3624:
273:
to which the trailer is coupled. Because the dolly attaches to a
3195:
The Aerodynamics of Heavy Vehicles II: Trucks, Buses, and Trains
2254:(1987–1988), a semi-futuristic action-adventure series starring
1872:
1676:
1371:
1113:
943:
939:
789:
road transport has a reputation for using very large trucks and
609:
605:
303:
All EuroCombi variants being considered for Europe-wide adoption
269:
can be used to pull semi-trailers. The dolly is equipped with a
244:
4605:
4181:"What does side underrun protection do on trucks and trailers?"
1927:
LR (Light Rigid) – Class LR covers a rigid vehicle with a GVM (
1341:
In most countries, a trailer or semi-trailer must have minimum
4643:
3518:"A Guide to Haulage & Courier Vehicle Types & Weights"
2776:
2087:(or GCWR) in excess of 26,000 lb (11,800 kg) if the
1887:
397:, taking a 50-tonne (49-long-ton; 55-short-ton) load of ore.
4236:"Side guard on semitrailer prevents underride in 40 mph test"
3789:"Top 10 Heaviest Semi Trucks in the United States and Canada"
1191:
line controls the brake application during normal operation.
4583:
4554:
2110:(HazMat or HM) – necessary if materials require HM placards.
664:, although this term is considered by some truckers to be a
5273:
Organisation Internationale des Constructeurs d'Automobiles
4589:
2079:
Drivers of semi-trailer trucks generally require a Class A
1460:
proposed requiring a rear underride guard, also known as a
4097:
United States Congressional Committee on Commerce (1997).
3173:"The Sales & Service Literature of Leyland Motors Ltd"
1179:. Two air lines typically connect to the trailer unit. An
954:. The legend for labeled parts of the truck is as follows:
998:
10. landing gear – legs for when semi-trailer is detached
4595:
4263:"Wabash prototype: Side underride guard with aero skirt"
3766:"Federal Size Regulations for Commercial Motor Vehicles"
3696:"British Columbia, max. dimension of semi-trailer truck"
2527:
The eighteen-wheeled truck was immortalized in numerous
112:. A semi-trailer attaches to the tractor with a type of
4592:, safety and education in and around trucking in the US
4014:"COST 334: Effects of Wide Single Tyres and Dual Tyres"
261:, which generally has to be equipped with lights and a
4452:"U.S. Slow to Require Side Underride Guards on Trucks"
942:(wheels). Shown in blue in the underside view are the
4287:
National Transportation Safety Board (3 April 2014).
3391:"The next environmental improvement: Long truck rigs"
2616:, a former trucker, co-written with Even Stevens and
4586:, dedicated to trucking information in UK and Europe
3453:
explanation by Finnish Forest Association in English
2278:, a 1980s cartoon featuring tractor-trailers as the
2200:
Trucking industry in popular culture (United States)
1911:
is required to operate various commercial vehicles.
1414:
air swirling under the trailer is a major source of
754:
The US federal government, which only regulates the
732:
53 ft (16 m) container turnpike double in
5281:
5255:
5207:
5171:
5135:
5103:
5068:
5028:
4854:
4707:
4666:
4657:
478:
Maximum length of a vehicle combination 34.5 metres
475:
Maximum length of a vehicle combination 34.5 metres
96:(also known by a wide variety of other terms - see
4114:"Agency Drops Safety Plan Opposed by Trucking Men"
4021:European Commission, Directorate General Transport
3356:"Två regeringsbeslut för längre och tyngre fordon"
1418:. Three split skirt concepts were verified by the
1240:which have an advantage of near silent operation.
724:Triples: Three 28.5 ft (8.7 m) trailers.
4324:(132): 39362–39363 – via National Archives.
2083:(CDL) to operate any combination vehicles with a
1194:In the UK, male/female quick release connectors (
825:In Australia, both conventional prime movers and
352:; the overall length is 25.25 m (83 ft)
4486:"Here's Everything We Know About the Tesla Semi"
4040:SAE International Journal of Commercial Vehicles
3935:"More monster trucks to thunder along our roads"
3710:"Manitoba, max. dimension of semi-trailer truck"
3577:"What It Really Costs to Own a Commercial Truck"
2298:' leader Motormaster. Optimus Prime returned in
2055:) require a combination vehicle driver license (
630:As of 25 May 2016, a truck could cost
4373:(1): 39899–39901 – via National Archives.
4363:"Denial of petition for a defect investigation"
4350:(1): 55077–55078 – via National Archives.
3727:"Ontario, max. dimension of semi-trailer truck"
4511:"Ministry of Transportation | ontario.ca"
3651:. Ireland Road Safety Authority. February 2013
3646:"Guidelines on Maximum Weights and Dimensions"
2290:in Japanese version), their second-in-command
1370:are the most common, use of two single, wider
5268:European Automobile Manufacturers Association
4617:
3603:"10 Things You Didn't Know About Semi Trucks"
3542:. HM (UK) Revenue & Customs. 5 April 2016
1420:United States Environmental Protection Agency
1207:lead, all of which are collectively known as
215:The main difference between tractor units in
8:
4409:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (
3879:"Vehicle dimensions and mass (VDAM) changes"
3744:"Commercial Vehicle Size and Weight Program"
3674:(3 ed.). Victory WWII Pub. p. 10.
3498:. Finnish Forest Association. 26 August 2015
672:to allow adjusting the weight distribution.
541:(or B-Double) semi-trailer truck called the
3840:"Vaile Announces the B-Triple Road Network"
3625:"Understanding Tractor-trailer Performance"
2367:, Steven Spielberg's 1971 film, features a
2258:, featuring hi-tech, multi-function trucks.
1260:with five main ratios and three auxiliaries
5364:
4663:
4624:
4610:
4602:
4450:The National Law Review (17 August 2019).
2379:, a 1975 Columbia Pictures film, starring
1546:Current semi-truck manufacturers include:
1218:Another braking feature of semi-trucks is
1136:Semi trucks use air pressure, rather than
1108:that allows easy hook up and release. The
936:conventional 18-wheeler semi-trailer truck
5189:History of the internal combustion engine
2326:, featuring Federal Agent Michael Cates (
2047:Taiwanese sign prohibiting heavy trailers
1847:Former semi-truck manufacturers include:
806:most states. In remote areas such as the
413:. Another example is the ongoing project
2042:
1104:or a turntable hitch at the rear of the
5179:Automotive industry crisis of 2008–2010
2940:
832:
696:pup 28.5 ft (8.7 m) trailers
4402:
4191:from the original on 15 December 2023.
4179:Cottingham, Darren (2 December 2019).
3337:
3326:
3289:Wideberg, J.; et al. (May 2006).
3271:
3260:
3233:"Fewer Trucks Improve the Environment"
2493:, a 2008 documentary film directed by
1322:Theoretically, semi-trucks could have
980:6. air dam (not present in all trucks)
978:5. sleeper (not present in all trucks)
586:Tractor unit hauling tractor units in
227:(COE, called "forward control" in the
32:Glossary of rugby union terms § T
5247:Minor automotive manufacturing groups
5153:Countries by motor vehicle production
4337:"Denial of a petition for rulemaking"
4261:Wilson, Charles (29 September 2017).
3226:
3224:
3222:
1953:Constant mesh transmission refers to
1581:China National Heavy Duty Truck Group
653:axles at the rear, each of which has
433:and the sawmill in Munksund (outside
7:
5354:
2335:Eddie Stobart: Trucks & Trailers
1903:View of a truck's interior dashboard
1096:The cargo trailer is, by means of a
905:Semi-trailer: 19 m (62 ft)
560:Vehicle and Operator Services Agency
4429:MOBILITY AND TRANSPORT, Road Safety
4023:. European Union. 29 November 2001.
3858:"Vehicle Dimensions and Mass Guide"
3787:Jakubicek, Paul (16 January 2015).
3468:Nilsson, Stefan (28 October 2015).
2718:Over the Road, a podcast series by
1310:(non-synchronized), such as by the
250:
4335:NHTSA, USDOT (24 September 1979).
4314:"Grant of petition for rulemaking"
3893:"Overdimension vehicles and loads"
3358:. Regeringskansliet. 16 April 2015
3171:Sutcliffe, Mike A. (Summer 2013).
3024:"Big rig Definition & Meaning"
2507:Category:Songs about truck driving
2063:) to drive a combination vehicle (
934:Side view and underside view of a
822:for 4.6 meter high vehicles.
491:Semi-trailer trucks with extended
307:The maximum overall length in the
25:
4484:O'Dell, John (5 September 2019).
3768:. US Department of Transportation
3470:"104-tons Scania i finskt försök"
3449:full law text in Finnish language
3434:. 30 October 2012. Archived from
2631:Category:Truck racing video games
2524:with an imaginary trucking story.
2051:The Road Traffic Security Rules (
5373:
5363:
5353:
5344:
5343:
5199:Timeline of motor vehicle brands
5158:Countries by vehicles per capita
4112:Morris, John D. (19 July 1971).
3145:Kilcarr, Sean (10 August 2017).
2740:
2625:Video games and truck simulators
2620:, sings of the life on the road.
2591:is about a trucker and his wife.
1295:ratio must also be considered).
870:
854:
849:and B double trailer combination
835:
578:Various american trucks lines up
97:
76:Tractor with an end-dump trailer
2562:, was named after these trucks.
2371:281 tanker truck as the villain
2177:The large trailers pulled by a
2085:gross combination weight rating
1641:Mahindra Truck and Bus Division
1314:Roadranger series, not only is
920:High-productivity motor vehicle
429:between the timber terminal in
4474:; Retrieved: 29 November 2007.
4472:Underride Guard on Everything2
4202:NHTSA, USDOT (19 March 1969).
2654:Big Rigs: Over the Road Racing
1270:automated manual transmissions
908:Simple: 22 m (72 ft)
409:factory, all on the island of
1:
4555:"Official Rigs of Rods Forum"
4312:NHTSA, USDOT (10 July 2014).
4146:NHTSA, USDOT (10 July 2014).
2002:Driver licence in New Zealand
1842:(Latin America, South Africa)
323:which influenced the name of
171:Artic (short for articulated)
4361:NHTSA, USDOT (5 July 2022).
4046:(2). EPA Smartway: 607–615.
3672:US Military Wheeled Vehicles
3634:. 2006. p. 5. LEGT6380.
3575:Smith, Allen (25 May 2016).
3231:Ramberg, K. (October 2004).
3203:10.1007/978-3-540-85070-0_45
2033:New Zealand Transport Agency
1324:diesel-electric transmission
911:Pole: 20 m (66 ft)
291:tractor/semi-trailer setup.
249:For greater detail, see the
223:is that European models are
3968:. Fried Rogers Goldberg LLC
3962:"Truck Jackknife Accidents"
3814:"Long Combination Vehicles"
2357:Category:Films about trucks
2206:Category:Works about trucks
2089:gross vehicle weight rating
2081:commercial driver's license
782:Road transport in Australia
604:typically has two or three
88:semi-trailer truck in China
36:18 wheeler (disambiguation)
5431:
3182:(60). The Leyland Society.
2628:
2574:Roll On (Eighteen Wheeler)
2551:'s "Six Days on the Road".
2504:
2474:, a 2001 film directed by
2463:, a 2008 film directed by
2448:, a 1998 film directed by
2433:, a 1987 film directed by
2398:, a 1978 film directed by
2354:
2203:
2197:
2141:infrastructure to support
1999:
1493:, so the car's protective
1403:
1308:constant-mesh transmission
1011:
779:
716:UPS truck with triples in
462:route, carrying iron ore.
348:pulling a trailer using a
100:) is the combination of a
29:
5339:
5194:History of the motorcycle
5184:History of the automobile
5143:Automobile sales by model
4639:
4541:"Ontario drivers classes"
2068:
2060:
756:Interstate Highway System
5237:Motorcycle manufacturers
5215:Automobile manufacturers
5148:Best-selling automobiles
4289:"Safety Recommendations"
3670:Crismon, Fred W (2001).
3457:76 tons in the newspaper
2853:Long combination vehicle
2757:Air brake (road vehicle)
2690:MotorStorm: Pacific Rift
2647:American Truck Simulator
2594:"Truck Drivin' Song" by
2430:Over the Top (1987 film)
1685:Canada and United States
1542:Semi-truck manufacturers
1534:with a hook to prevent "
1382:greenhouse gas emissions
684:Long combination vehicle
564:Department for Transport
527:Department for Transport
40:Big Rig (disambiguation)
3408:Krantz, Olivia (2014).
3147:"Getting cabover crazy"
1894:
1497:becomes irrelevant and
1456:. After her death, the
1277:automatic transmissions
1092:Coupling and uncoupling
190:Regional configurations
53:Conventional style cab
5299:Automotive engineering
4729:manufacturers detailed
4425:"Heavy goods vehicles"
4185:Driver Knowledge Tests
4034:Wood, Richard (2012).
3605:. Popularmechanics.com
3540:"Moving goods by road"
3336:Cite journal requires
3270:Cite journal requires
2669:Euro Truck Simulator 2
2154:Various types of rail
2048:
1904:
1444:
1261:
1140:fluid, to actuate the
1133:
1004:
877:B-double truck on the
736:
720:
697:
642:
590:
579:
503:
386:
353:
304:
251:United Kingdom section
212:
203:A semi-trailer truck (
89:
77:
69:
57:
34:. For other uses, see
5020:List of manufacturers
4846:List of manufacturers
4699:List of manufacturers
4431:. European Commission
4267:Trailer Body Builders
3966:Fried Rogers Goldberg
3298:University of Seville
2794:(a.k.a. Dial-a-truck)
2722:on truck driving the
2387:Smokey and the Bandit
2046:
2027:Class 6 – Motorcycle.
1902:
1863:Crane Carrier Company
1442:
1251:
1131:
933:
731:
715:
701:Doubles (officially "
692:
641:Rocky Mountain Double
640:
585:
577:
525:In January 2012, the
490:
384:
365:first and last axle.
343:
302:
202:
83:
75:
63:
52:
5410:Articulated vehicles
5289:Auto and motor shows
4161:(132): 39362–39363.
4052:10.4271/2012-01-2043
3410:"Where Size Matters"
3051:. Collins Dictionary
2863:Progressive shifting
2662:Euro Truck Simulator
2610:Drivin' My Life Away
2323:18 Wheels of Justice
1510:, or if the trailer
1254:manual transmissions
1169:Glad-hand connectors
989:fifth wheel coupling
5400:American inventions
5242:Truck manufacturers
4633:Automotive industry
3900:NZ Transport Agency
3881:. 13 February 2017.
3865:NZ Transport Agency
3438:on 28 January 2013.
3315:on 24 November 2020
2767:Articulated vehicle
2762:Articulated lorries
2601:"Cold Shoulder" by
2596:"Weird Al" Yankovic
2531:songs, such as the
2520:, spurred sales of
2381:Jan-Michael Vincent
2156:flat bed train cars
2108:Hazardous Materials
1661:(South Korea-India)
1485:would be the car's
1348:2 stop lights (red)
1345:2 rear lights (red)
1266:manual transmission
1162:gladhand connectors
892:NZ Transport Agency
419:One more pile/stack
146:Truck & trailer
4725:manufacturers list
4118:The New York Times
3240:Svenskt Näringsliv
3071:"eighteen-wheeler"
2868:Refrigerator truck
2813:Gladhand connector
2639:18 Wheels of Steel
2439:Sylvester Stallone
2404:Kris Kristofferson
2241:B. J. and the Bear
2049:
1905:
1723:Nikola Corporation
1502:of the collision.
1483:rear-end collision
1445:
1262:
1134:
1043:Intermodal chassis
1005:
808:Northern Territory
737:
721:
698:
643:
591:
580:
504:
403:Gothenburg harbour
387:
354:
305:
295:Continental Europe
213:
211:in London, England
94:semi-trailer truck
90:
78:
70:
58:
5415:Freight transport
5387:
5386:
5294:Automotive design
5232:Bus manufacturers
5225:by parent company
5163:Top manufacturers
5131:
5130:
4521:on 21 August 2007
4217:(34): 5383–5384.
4073:"Underride Guard"
3793:BigTruckGuide.com
3579:. Ask The Trucker
3562:"Merriam-Webster"
3520:. Returnloads.net
3397:. 3 October 2008.
3212:978-3-540-85069-4
3049:"tractor-trailer"
2904:Trailer (vehicle)
2516:", a pop song by
2422:Maximum Overdrive
2343:Highway Thru Hell
2315:Ice Road Truckers
1703:Hyundai Translead
1008:Types of trailers
427:European route E4
178:Canadian English
168:Articulated lorry
16:(Redirected from
5422:
5377:
5367:
5366:
5357:
5356:
5347:
5346:
5319:list of vehicles
4664:
4626:
4619:
4612:
4603:
4567:
4566:
4564:
4562:
4551:
4545:
4544:
4537:
4531:
4530:
4528:
4526:
4517:. Archived from
4507:
4501:
4500:
4498:
4496:
4481:
4475:
4469:
4463:
4462:
4460:
4458:
4447:
4441:
4440:
4438:
4436:
4421:
4415:
4414:
4408:
4400:
4398:
4396:
4381:
4375:
4374:
4367:Federal Register
4358:
4352:
4351:
4344:Federal Register
4341:
4332:
4326:
4325:
4318:Federal Register
4309:
4303:
4302:
4300:
4298:
4293:
4284:
4278:
4277:
4275:
4273:
4258:
4252:
4251:
4249:
4247:
4242:. 29 August 2017
4232:
4226:
4225:
4223:
4211:Federal Register
4208:
4199:
4193:
4192:
4176:
4170:
4169:
4167:
4155:Federal Register
4152:
4143:
4137:
4136:
4134:
4132:
4109:
4103:
4102:
4094:
4088:
4087:
4085:
4083:
4069:
4063:
4062:
4060:
4058:
4031:
4025:
4024:
4018:
4010:
4004:
4003:
4001:
3999:
3984:
3978:
3977:
3975:
3973:
3957:
3951:
3950:
3948:
3946:
3931:
3925:
3924:
3918:
3910:
3904:
3903:
3897:
3889:
3883:
3882:
3875:
3869:
3868:
3862:
3854:
3848:
3847:
3836:
3830:
3829:
3827:
3825:
3816:. Archived from
3810:
3804:
3803:
3801:
3799:
3784:
3778:
3777:
3775:
3773:
3762:
3756:
3755:
3753:
3751:
3740:
3734:
3733:
3731:
3723:
3717:
3716:
3714:
3706:
3700:
3699:
3692:
3686:
3685:
3667:
3661:
3660:
3658:
3656:
3650:
3642:
3636:
3635:
3629:
3621:
3615:
3614:
3612:
3610:
3598:
3592:
3591:
3586:
3584:
3572:
3566:
3565:
3558:
3552:
3551:
3549:
3547:
3536:
3530:
3529:
3527:
3525:
3514:
3508:
3507:
3505:
3503:
3492:
3486:
3485:
3483:
3481:
3465:
3459:
3446:
3440:
3439:
3424:
3418:
3417:
3405:
3399:
3398:
3387:
3381:
3374:
3368:
3367:
3365:
3363:
3352:
3346:
3345:
3339:
3334:
3332:
3324:
3322:
3320:
3314:
3308:. Archived from
3295:
3286:
3280:
3279:
3273:
3268:
3266:
3258:
3256:
3254:
3248:
3242:. Archived from
3237:
3228:
3217:
3216:
3190:
3184:
3183:
3177:
3168:
3162:
3161:
3159:
3157:
3151:American Trucker
3142:
3136:
3135:
3133:
3131:
3117:
3111:
3110:
3108:
3106:
3092:
3086:
3085:
3083:
3081:
3067:
3061:
3060:
3058:
3056:
3045:
3039:
3038:
3036:
3034:
3020:
3014:
3013:
3011:
3009:
2995:
2989:
2988:
2986:
2984:
2970:
2964:
2963:
2961:
2959:
2945:
2889:Terminal tractor
2787:Containerization
2750:
2748:Transport portal
2745:
2744:
2376:White Line Fever
2275:The Transformers
2228:in major roles:
2216:1960s TV series
2070:
2062:
2015:Class 1 vehicle.
1991:
1909:driver's license
1895:Driver's license
1699:(Canadian plant)
1526:by reducing air
1427:underride guards
1416:aerodynamic drag
1400:Skirted trailers
1362:Wheels and tires
1316:double-clutching
874:
858:
839:
662:eighteen wheeler
633:
336:Nordic countries
158:Eighteen-wheeler
104:and one or more
21:
5430:
5429:
5425:
5424:
5423:
5421:
5420:
5419:
5390:
5389:
5388:
5383:
5335:
5277:
5251:
5203:
5167:
5127:
5099:
5064:
5024:
4850:
4703:
4653:
4635:
4630:
4580:
4575:
4570:
4560:
4558:
4553:
4552:
4548:
4539:
4538:
4534:
4524:
4522:
4509:
4508:
4504:
4494:
4492:
4483:
4482:
4478:
4470:
4466:
4456:
4454:
4449:
4448:
4444:
4434:
4432:
4423:
4422:
4418:
4401:
4394:
4392:
4383:
4382:
4378:
4360:
4359:
4355:
4339:
4334:
4333:
4329:
4311:
4310:
4306:
4296:
4294:
4291:
4286:
4285:
4281:
4271:
4269:
4260:
4259:
4255:
4245:
4243:
4234:
4233:
4229:
4221:
4206:
4201:
4200:
4196:
4178:
4177:
4173:
4165:
4150:
4145:
4144:
4140:
4130:
4128:
4111:
4110:
4106:
4096:
4095:
4091:
4081:
4079:
4071:
4070:
4066:
4056:
4054:
4033:
4032:
4028:
4016:
4012:
4011:
4007:
3997:
3995:
3986:
3985:
3981:
3971:
3969:
3960:Rogers, Brian.
3959:
3958:
3954:
3944:
3942:
3933:
3932:
3928:
3916:
3912:
3911:
3907:
3895:
3891:
3890:
3886:
3877:
3876:
3872:
3860:
3856:
3855:
3851:
3846:on 2 June 2008.
3838:
3837:
3833:
3823:
3821:
3812:
3811:
3807:
3797:
3795:
3786:
3785:
3781:
3771:
3769:
3764:
3763:
3759:
3749:
3747:
3742:
3741:
3737:
3729:
3725:
3724:
3720:
3712:
3708:
3707:
3703:
3694:
3693:
3689:
3682:
3669:
3668:
3664:
3654:
3652:
3648:
3644:
3643:
3639:
3627:
3623:
3622:
3618:
3608:
3606:
3600:
3599:
3595:
3582:
3580:
3574:
3573:
3569:
3560:
3559:
3555:
3545:
3543:
3538:
3537:
3533:
3523:
3521:
3516:
3515:
3511:
3501:
3499:
3494:
3493:
3489:
3479:
3477:
3467:
3466:
3462:
3447:
3443:
3426:
3425:
3421:
3407:
3406:
3402:
3389:
3388:
3384:
3375:
3371:
3361:
3359:
3354:
3353:
3349:
3335:
3325:
3318:
3316:
3312:
3293:
3288:
3287:
3283:
3269:
3259:
3252:
3250:
3249:on 20 July 2011
3246:
3235:
3230:
3229:
3220:
3213:
3192:
3191:
3187:
3175:
3170:
3169:
3165:
3155:
3153:
3144:
3143:
3139:
3129:
3127:
3125:Merriam-Webster
3119:
3118:
3114:
3104:
3102:
3100:Merriam-Webster
3094:
3093:
3089:
3079:
3077:
3075:Merriam-Webster
3069:
3068:
3064:
3054:
3052:
3047:
3046:
3042:
3032:
3030:
3028:Merriam-Webster
3022:
3021:
3017:
3007:
3005:
3003:Merriam-Webster
2997:
2996:
2992:
2982:
2980:
2978:Merriam-Webster
2972:
2971:
2967:
2957:
2955:
2953:Merriam-Webster
2947:
2946:
2942:
2938:
2933:
2798:Dolly (trailer)
2746:
2739:
2736:
2715:
2710:
2633:
2627:
2585:Papa Loved Mama
2509:
2503:
2359:
2353:
2213:
2208:
2202:
2196:
2135:
2077:
2041:
2004:
1998:
1989:
1981:
1964:
1917:
1897:
1892:
1853:Asia MotorWorks
1845:
1811:
1809:Other locations
1806:
1757:
1752:
1687:
1682:
1587:Dongfeng Trucks
1552:
1544:
1450:Jayne Mansfield
1435:
1433:Underride guard
1408:
1402:
1364:
1332:
1246:
1234:noise pollution
1171:(also known as
1126:
1094:
1089:
1016:
1010:
999:
997:
991:
986:
981:
979:
977:
972:
966:
960:
955:
928:
888:
881:
875:
866:
859:
850:
840:
784:
778:
773:
686:types include:
631:
572:
495:, representing
485:
440:
425:county and the
344:A truck with a
338:
297:
233:straight trucks
225:cab over engine
197:
192:
182:Transport truck
163:British English
155:Tractor-trailer
128:
43:
28:
23:
22:
18:Tractor trailer
15:
12:
11:
5:
5428:
5426:
5418:
5417:
5412:
5407:
5402:
5392:
5391:
5385:
5384:
5382:
5381:
5371:
5361:
5351:
5340:
5337:
5336:
5334:
5333:
5328:
5323:
5322:
5321:
5311:
5306:
5301:
5296:
5291:
5285:
5283:
5282:Related topics
5279:
5278:
5276:
5275:
5270:
5265:
5259:
5257:
5253:
5252:
5250:
5249:
5244:
5239:
5234:
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5228:
5227:
5222:
5211:
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5202:
5201:
5196:
5191:
5186:
5181:
5175:
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5169:
5168:
5166:
5165:
5160:
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5145:
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5119:
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5107:
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5017:
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5008:United Kingdom
5005:
5000:
4999:
4998:
4988:
4987:
4986:
4976:
4971:
4966:
4965:
4964:
4954:
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4930:
4920:
4915:
4910:
4909:
4908:
4898:
4897:
4896:
4886:
4885:
4884:
4877:Czech Republic
4874:
4869:
4864:
4858:
4856:
4852:
4851:
4849:
4848:
4843:
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4833:
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4779:
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4755:
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4709:
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4704:
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4670:
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4640:
4637:
4636:
4631:
4629:
4628:
4621:
4614:
4606:
4600:
4599:
4593:
4587:
4584:TruckNetUK.com
4579:
4578:External links
4576:
4574:
4571:
4569:
4568:
4557:. Rigs of Rods
4546:
4532:
4515:www.ontario.ca
4502:
4476:
4464:
4442:
4416:
4376:
4353:
4327:
4304:
4279:
4253:
4227:
4194:
4171:
4138:
4104:
4089:
4064:
4026:
4005:
3979:
3952:
3941:. 27 July 2013
3926:
3905:
3884:
3870:
3849:
3831:
3820:on 17 May 2013
3805:
3779:
3757:
3735:
3718:
3701:
3687:
3680:
3662:
3637:
3616:
3593:
3567:
3564:. 28 May 2023.
3553:
3531:
3509:
3487:
3460:
3441:
3419:
3400:
3382:
3369:
3347:
3338:|journal=
3281:
3272:|journal=
3218:
3211:
3185:
3180:Leyland Torque
3163:
3137:
3112:
3087:
3062:
3040:
3015:
2990:
2965:
2939:
2937:
2934:
2932:
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2926:
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2911:
2906:
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2896:
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2886:
2881:
2876:
2871:
2865:
2860:
2855:
2850:
2845:
2840:
2835:
2830:
2828:List of trucks
2825:
2820:
2818:Hybrid vehicle
2815:
2810:
2805:
2800:
2795:
2789:
2784:
2779:
2774:
2769:
2764:
2759:
2753:
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2735:
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2714:
2711:
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2693:
2680:
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2643:
2634:
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2621:
2606:
2599:
2592:
2581:
2570:
2563:
2552:
2525:
2502:
2499:
2498:
2497:
2486:
2467:
2456:
2454:Patrick Swayze
2441:
2426:
2418:
2406:
2391:
2383:
2372:
2352:
2349:
2348:
2347:
2339:
2331:
2319:
2311:
2307:Trick My Truck
2303:
2271:
2259:
2251:The Highwayman
2247:
2246:
2245:
2237:
2222:
2212:
2209:
2195:
2192:
2134:
2131:
2130:
2129:
2126:
2123:
2120:
2117:
2114:
2111:
2076:
2073:
2040:
2037:
2029:
2028:
2025:
2022:
2019:
2016:
1997:
1994:
1980:
1977:
1963:
1960:
1948:
1947:
1944:
1940:
1936:
1933:
1916:
1913:
1896:
1893:
1891:
1890:
1885:
1880:
1875:
1870:
1865:
1860:
1855:
1849:
1844:
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1837:
1831:
1825:
1819:
1812:
1810:
1807:
1805:
1804:
1799:
1794:
1789:
1787:Renault Trucks
1784:
1779:
1774:
1769:
1764:
1758:
1756:
1753:
1751:
1750:
1745:
1740:
1735:
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1668:
1662:
1656:
1650:
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1638:
1632:
1626:
1620:
1614:
1608:
1602:
1596:
1590:
1584:
1578:
1572:
1569:C&C Trucks
1566:
1560:
1553:
1551:
1548:
1543:
1540:
1508:side collision
1434:
1431:
1404:Main article:
1401:
1398:
1363:
1360:
1359:
1358:
1355:
1352:
1349:
1346:
1331:
1328:
1245:
1242:
1220:engine braking
1173:palm couplings
1125:
1122:
1093:
1090:
1088:
1087:
1082:
1081:
1080:
1070:
1065:
1060:
1055:
1050:
1045:
1040:
1035:
1030:
1020:
1012:Main article:
1009:
1006:
927:
924:
913:
912:
909:
906:
887:
884:
883:
882:
876:
869:
867:
860:
853:
851:
842:An Australian
841:
834:
780:Main article:
777:
774:
772:
769:
752:
751:
748:
741:
726:
725:
710:
709:
706:
624:cabover engine
571:
568:
543:Denby Eco-Link
508:United Kingdom
484:
483:United Kingdom
481:
438:
337:
334:
296:
293:
229:United Kingdom
205:Renault Magnum
196:
193:
191:
188:
187:
186:
185:Transfer truck
183:
176:
175:
172:
169:
160:
159:
156:
153:
150:
147:
144:
141:
127:
124:
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
5427:
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5413:
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5408:
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5380:
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5362:
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5307:
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5302:
5300:
5297:
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5292:
5290:
5287:
5286:
5284:
5280:
5274:
5271:
5269:
5266:
5264:
5261:
5260:
5258:
5256:Organisations
5254:
5248:
5245:
5243:
5240:
5238:
5235:
5233:
5230:
5226:
5223:
5221:
5218:
5217:
5216:
5213:
5212:
5210:
5208:Manufacturers
5206:
5200:
5197:
5195:
5192:
5190:
5187:
5185:
5182:
5180:
5177:
5176:
5174:
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5154:
5151:
5149:
5146:
5144:
5141:
5140:
5138:
5134:
5124:
5121:
5117:
5116:manufacturers
5114:
5113:
5112:
5109:
5108:
5106:
5102:
5094:
5093:manufacturers
5091:
5090:
5089:
5086:
5082:
5081:manufacturers
5079:
5078:
5077:
5074:
5073:
5071:
5069:South America
5067:
5059:
5058:manufacturers
5056:
5055:
5054:
5053:United States
5051:
5049:
5046:
5042:
5041:manufacturers
5039:
5038:
5037:
5034:
5033:
5031:
5029:North America
5027:
5021:
5018:
5014:
5013:manufacturers
5011:
5010:
5009:
5006:
5004:
5001:
4997:
4996:manufacturers
4994:
4993:
4992:
4989:
4985:
4984:manufacturers
4982:
4981:
4980:
4977:
4975:
4972:
4970:
4967:
4963:
4962:manufacturers
4960:
4959:
4958:
4955:
4953:
4950:
4946:
4945:manufacturers
4943:
4942:
4941:
4938:
4936:
4933:
4929:
4928:manufacturers
4926:
4925:
4924:
4921:
4919:
4916:
4914:
4911:
4907:
4906:manufacturers
4904:
4903:
4902:
4899:
4895:
4894:manufacturers
4892:
4891:
4890:
4887:
4883:
4882:manufacturers
4880:
4879:
4878:
4875:
4873:
4870:
4868:
4865:
4863:
4860:
4859:
4857:
4853:
4847:
4844:
4842:
4839:
4837:
4834:
4832:
4829:
4827:
4824:
4820:
4819:manufacturers
4817:
4816:
4815:
4812:
4808:
4807:manufacturers
4805:
4804:
4803:
4800:
4798:
4795:
4793:
4790:
4788:
4785:
4783:
4780:
4776:
4775:manufacturers
4773:
4772:
4771:
4768:
4764:
4763:manufacturers
4761:
4760:
4759:
4756:
4754:
4751:
4749:
4746:
4742:
4741:manufacturers
4739:
4738:
4737:
4734:
4730:
4726:
4723:
4722:
4721:
4718:
4716:
4713:
4712:
4710:
4706:
4700:
4697:
4695:
4692:
4690:
4687:
4685:
4682:
4680:
4677:
4675:
4672:
4671:
4669:
4665:
4662:
4660:
4656:
4650:
4649:Motor vehicle
4647:
4645:
4642:
4641:
4638:
4634:
4627:
4622:
4620:
4615:
4613:
4608:
4607:
4604:
4597:
4594:
4591:
4590:Ol' Blue, USA
4588:
4585:
4582:
4581:
4577:
4572:
4556:
4550:
4547:
4542:
4536:
4533:
4520:
4516:
4512:
4506:
4503:
4491:
4487:
4480:
4477:
4473:
4468:
4465:
4453:
4446:
4443:
4430:
4426:
4420:
4417:
4412:
4406:
4391:
4387:
4380:
4377:
4372:
4368:
4364:
4357:
4354:
4349:
4345:
4338:
4331:
4328:
4323:
4319:
4315:
4308:
4305:
4290:
4283:
4280:
4268:
4264:
4257:
4254:
4241:
4237:
4231:
4228:
4220:
4216:
4212:
4205:
4198:
4195:
4190:
4186:
4182:
4175:
4172:
4164:
4160:
4156:
4149:
4142:
4139:
4127:
4123:
4119:
4115:
4108:
4105:
4101:. p. 39.
4100:
4093:
4090:
4078:
4074:
4068:
4065:
4053:
4049:
4045:
4041:
4037:
4030:
4027:
4022:
4015:
4009:
4006:
3994:. 21 May 2022
3993:
3989:
3983:
3980:
3967:
3963:
3956:
3953:
3940:
3936:
3930:
3927:
3923:. 1 May 2021.
3922:
3915:
3909:
3906:
3901:
3894:
3888:
3885:
3880:
3874:
3871:
3866:
3859:
3853:
3850:
3845:
3841:
3835:
3832:
3819:
3815:
3809:
3806:
3794:
3790:
3783:
3780:
3767:
3761:
3758:
3745:
3739:
3736:
3728:
3722:
3719:
3711:
3705:
3702:
3697:
3691:
3688:
3683:
3681:0-970056-71-0
3677:
3673:
3666:
3663:
3647:
3641:
3638:
3633:
3626:
3620:
3617:
3604:
3597:
3594:
3590:
3578:
3571:
3568:
3563:
3557:
3554:
3541:
3535:
3532:
3519:
3513:
3510:
3497:
3491:
3488:
3475:
3471:
3464:
3461:
3458:
3454:
3450:
3445:
3442:
3437:
3433:
3429:
3423:
3420:
3415:
3411:
3404:
3401:
3396:
3392:
3386:
3383:
3379:
3373:
3370:
3357:
3351:
3348:
3343:
3330:
3311:
3307:
3303:
3299:
3292:
3285:
3282:
3277:
3264:
3245:
3241:
3234:
3227:
3225:
3223:
3219:
3214:
3208:
3204:
3200:
3196:
3189:
3186:
3181:
3174:
3167:
3164:
3152:
3148:
3141:
3138:
3126:
3122:
3116:
3113:
3101:
3097:
3091:
3088:
3076:
3072:
3066:
3063:
3050:
3044:
3041:
3029:
3025:
3019:
3016:
3004:
3000:
2994:
2991:
2979:
2975:
2969:
2966:
2954:
2950:
2949:"semitrailer"
2944:
2941:
2935:
2930:
2929:Truck sleeper
2927:
2925:
2922:
2920:
2917:
2915:
2912:
2910:
2907:
2905:
2902:
2900:
2897:
2895:
2892:
2890:
2887:
2885:
2882:
2880:
2877:
2875:
2872:
2869:
2866:
2864:
2861:
2859:
2858:Oversize load
2856:
2854:
2851:
2849:
2848:Logging truck
2846:
2844:
2841:
2839:
2836:
2834:
2831:
2829:
2826:
2824:
2821:
2819:
2816:
2814:
2811:
2809:
2806:
2804:
2801:
2799:
2796:
2793:
2792:DAT Solutions
2790:
2788:
2785:
2783:
2780:
2778:
2775:
2773:
2770:
2768:
2765:
2763:
2760:
2758:
2755:
2754:
2749:
2743:
2738:
2733:
2729:
2725:
2724:North America
2721:
2717:
2716:
2712:
2707:
2706:
2702:
2699:
2698:
2694:
2692:
2691:
2686:
2685:
2681:
2678:
2677:
2673:
2671:
2670:
2666:
2664:
2663:
2659:
2656:
2655:
2651:
2649:
2648:
2644:
2641:
2640:
2636:
2635:
2632:
2624:
2619:
2615:
2614:Eddie Rabbitt
2611:
2607:
2604:
2600:
2597:
2593:
2590:
2586:
2582:
2579:
2575:
2571:
2568:
2564:
2561:
2557:
2553:
2550:
2546:
2542:
2538:
2534:
2530:
2529:country music
2526:
2523:
2519:
2515:
2511:
2510:
2508:
2500:
2496:
2492:
2491:
2487:
2485:
2481:
2477:
2473:
2472:
2468:
2466:
2462:
2461:
2457:
2455:
2451:
2447:
2446:
2442:
2440:
2436:
2435:Menahem Golan
2432:
2431:
2427:
2424:
2423:
2419:
2416:
2415:Mack R series
2412:
2411:
2407:
2405:
2401:
2400:Sam Peckinpah
2397:
2396:
2392:
2389:
2388:
2384:
2382:
2378:
2377:
2373:
2370:
2366:
2365:
2361:
2360:
2358:
2350:
2345:
2344:
2340:
2337:
2336:
2332:
2329:
2325:
2324:
2320:
2317:
2316:
2312:
2309:
2308:
2304:
2301:
2300:the 2007 film
2297:
2294:, and as the
2293:
2289:
2285:
2284:Optimus Prime
2281:
2277:
2276:
2272:
2269:
2265:
2264:
2260:
2257:
2253:
2252:
2248:
2243:
2242:
2238:
2235:
2234:
2230:
2229:
2227:
2223:
2221:
2220:
2215:
2214:
2210:
2207:
2201:
2193:
2191:
2189:
2184:
2180:
2175:
2173:
2172:gantry cranes
2169:
2168:
2163:
2162:
2157:
2152:
2150:
2147:
2144:
2143:containerized
2140:
2133:Role in trade
2132:
2128:W – Tow Truck
2127:
2124:
2121:
2118:
2115:
2112:
2109:
2105:
2104:
2103:
2101:
2098:In addition,
2096:
2094:
2090:
2086:
2082:
2075:United States
2074:
2072:
2066:
2058:
2054:
2045:
2038:
2036:
2034:
2026:
2023:
2020:
2017:
2013:
2012:
2011:
2009:
2003:
1995:
1993:
1986:
1978:
1976:
1972:
1970:
1961:
1959:
1958:
1954:
1945:
1941:
1937:
1934:
1930:
1926:
1925:
1924:
1921:
1914:
1912:
1910:
1901:
1889:
1886:
1884:
1881:
1879:
1876:
1874:
1871:
1869:
1866:
1864:
1861:
1859:
1856:
1854:
1851:
1850:
1848:
1841:
1838:
1835:
1832:
1829:
1826:
1823:
1820:
1817:
1814:
1813:
1808:
1803:
1800:
1798:
1795:
1793:
1790:
1788:
1785:
1783:
1782:Mercedes-Benz
1780:
1778:
1775:
1773:
1770:
1768:
1765:
1763:
1760:
1759:
1754:
1749:
1746:
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1736:
1734:
1731:
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1726:
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1716:
1714:
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1706:
1704:
1701:
1698:
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1690:
1689:
1684:
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1672:
1669:
1666:
1663:
1660:
1657:
1654:
1651:
1648:
1645:
1642:
1639:
1636:
1633:
1630:
1627:
1625:(South Korea)
1624:
1621:
1618:
1615:
1612:
1609:
1606:
1603:
1600:
1597:
1594:
1593:Eicher Motors
1591:
1588:
1585:
1582:
1579:
1576:
1573:
1570:
1567:
1564:
1561:
1558:
1557:Ashok Leyland
1555:
1554:
1549:
1547:
1541:
1539:
1537:
1536:trailer creep
1533:
1529:
1525:
1520:
1516:
1513:
1509:
1503:
1500:
1496:
1492:
1488:
1484:
1479:
1477:
1475:
1470:
1468:
1463:
1462:Mansfield bar
1459:
1455:
1451:
1441:
1437:
1432:
1430:
1428:
1423:
1421:
1417:
1413:
1407:
1406:Trailer skirt
1399:
1397:
1393:
1389:
1387:
1383:
1379:
1378:
1377:super singles
1373:
1369:
1361:
1356:
1353:
1350:
1347:
1344:
1343:
1342:
1339:
1337:
1329:
1327:
1325:
1320:
1317:
1313:
1309:
1305:
1300:
1296:
1294:
1290:
1285:
1284:transmissions
1280:
1278:
1275:
1271:
1267:
1259:
1255:
1250:
1243:
1241:
1239:
1235:
1231:
1230:exhaust brake
1227:
1226:
1221:
1216:
1214:
1210:
1206:
1201:
1197:
1192:
1190:
1186:
1182:
1178:
1177:railroad cars
1174:
1170:
1166:
1164:
1163:
1157:
1151:
1149:
1148:
1143:
1139:
1130:
1123:
1121:
1119:
1115:
1111:
1110:truck trailer
1107:
1106:towing engine
1103:
1099:
1091:
1086:
1083:
1079:
1076:
1075:
1074:
1071:
1069:
1066:
1064:
1063:Hopper-Bottom
1061:
1059:
1056:
1054:
1051:
1049:
1046:
1044:
1041:
1039:
1036:
1034:
1031:
1029:
1025:
1022:
1021:
1019:
1015:
1007:
1003:
995:
990:
985:
976:
970:
964:
959:
953:
952:differentials
949:
945:
941:
937:
932:
925:
923:
921:
917:
910:
907:
904:
903:
902:
900:
895:
893:
885:
880:
879:Sturt Highway
873:
868:
864:
857:
852:
848:
845:
838:
833:
831:
828:
823:
821:
815:
811:
809:
803:
800:
794:
792:
788:
783:
775:
770:
768:
765:
759:
757:
749:
746:
742:
739:
738:
735:
730:
723:
722:
719:
714:
707:
704:
700:
699:
695:
691:
687:
685:
681:
679:
673:
671:
667:
663:
660:
656:
652:
648:
647:cargo trailer
639:
635:
628:
625:
620:
618:
613:
611:
607:
603:
598:
596:
595:North America
589:
584:
576:
570:North America
569:
567:
565:
561:
555:
551:
547:
544:
540:
535:
531:
528:
523:
521:
516:
513:
509:
502:
498:
494:
489:
482:
480:
479:
476:
470:
468:
467:pilot project
463:
461:
457:
453:
449:
445:
436:
432:
428:
424:
420:
416:
415:En Trave Till
412:
408:
404:
400:
396:
392:
383:
379:
376:
372:
366:
363:
362:cut-to-length
359:
351:
347:
342:
335:
333:
331:
326:
322:
318:
317:ISO container
314:
310:
301:
294:
292:
289:
285:
284:timber trucks
280:
276:
272:
268:
264:
263:license plate
260:
257:When using a
255:
254:
252:
246:
240:
238:
234:
230:
226:
222:
221:North America
218:
210:
206:
201:
194:
189:
184:
181:
180:
179:
173:
170:
167:
166:
165:
164:
157:
154:
151:
148:
145:
142:
139:
138:
137:
135:
131:
125:
123:
121:
120:
115:
111:
107:
106:semi-trailers
103:
99:
95:
87:
82:
74:
67:
62:
56:
51:
47:
45:
41:
37:
33:
19:
4694:South Africa
4559:. Retrieved
4549:
4535:
4523:. Retrieved
4519:the original
4514:
4505:
4493:. Retrieved
4489:
4479:
4467:
4457:20 September
4455:. Retrieved
4445:
4433:. Retrieved
4428:
4419:
4393:. Retrieved
4389:
4379:
4370:
4366:
4356:
4347:
4343:
4330:
4321:
4317:
4307:
4295:. Retrieved
4282:
4270:. Retrieved
4266:
4256:
4244:. Retrieved
4239:
4230:
4214:
4210:
4197:
4184:
4174:
4158:
4154:
4141:
4129:. Retrieved
4117:
4107:
4098:
4092:
4080:. Retrieved
4076:
4067:
4055:. Retrieved
4043:
4039:
4029:
4020:
4008:
3996:. Retrieved
3991:
3982:
3970:. Retrieved
3965:
3955:
3943:. Retrieved
3938:
3929:
3920:
3908:
3887:
3873:
3852:
3844:the original
3834:
3822:. Retrieved
3818:the original
3808:
3796:. Retrieved
3792:
3782:
3770:. Retrieved
3760:
3748:. Retrieved
3738:
3721:
3704:
3690:
3671:
3665:
3653:. Retrieved
3640:
3619:
3607:. Retrieved
3601:Dyer, Ezra.
3596:
3588:
3581:. Retrieved
3570:
3556:
3544:. Retrieved
3534:
3522:. Retrieved
3512:
3502:10 September
3500:. Retrieved
3490:
3480:10 September
3478:. Retrieved
3476:(in Swedish)
3473:
3463:
3444:
3436:the original
3432:Northland.eu
3431:
3422:
3413:
3403:
3395:Volvo Trucks
3394:
3385:
3372:
3362:27 September
3360:. Retrieved
3350:
3329:cite journal
3317:. Retrieved
3310:the original
3284:
3263:cite journal
3251:. Retrieved
3244:the original
3194:
3188:
3179:
3166:
3154:. Retrieved
3150:
3140:
3128:. Retrieved
3124:
3121:"juggernaut"
3115:
3103:. Retrieved
3099:
3090:
3078:. Retrieved
3074:
3065:
3053:. Retrieved
3043:
3031:. Retrieved
3027:
3018:
3006:. Retrieved
3002:
2993:
2981:. Retrieved
2977:
2968:
2956:. Retrieved
2952:
2943:
2924:Truck driver
2899:Tractor unit
2884:Semi-trailer
2879:Roll trailer
2838:Loading dock
2833:Loader crane
2705:Rigs of Rods
2703:
2697:Rig 'n' Roll
2695:
2688:
2682:
2674:
2667:
2660:
2652:
2645:
2637:
2618:David Malloy
2603:Garth Brooks
2589:Garth Brooks
2567:Kathy Mattea
2556:thrash metal
2518:C. W. McCall
2488:
2469:
2465:David Caesar
2458:
2443:
2428:
2420:
2408:
2393:
2385:
2374:
2362:
2341:
2333:
2328:Lucky Vanous
2321:
2313:
2305:
2292:Ultra Magnus
2287:
2273:
2263:Knight Rider
2261:
2249:
2239:
2231:
2226:Claude Akins
2217:
2179:tractor unit
2176:
2165:
2159:
2153:
2136:
2100:endorsements
2099:
2097:
2093:North Dakota
2078:
2050:
2030:
2007:
2005:
1982:
1973:
1965:
1956:
1952:
1949:
1922:
1918:
1906:
1846:
1748:Western Star
1692:Freightliner
1647:SAIC Hongyan
1550:Asia-Pacific
1545:
1532:loading dock
1524:fuel mileage
1521:
1517:
1504:
1480:
1472:
1465:
1461:
1446:
1436:
1426:
1424:
1409:
1394:
1390:
1375:
1365:
1340:
1335:
1333:
1321:
1301:
1297:
1281:
1263:
1257:
1252:Traditional
1244:Transmission
1223:
1217:
1212:
1208:
1199:
1195:
1193:
1188:
1184:
1180:
1172:
1168:
1167:
1160:
1152:
1145:
1135:
1095:
1073:Refrigerator
1017:
1014:Semi-trailer
1002:tandem axles
992:9. enclosed
965:(detachable)
963:semi-trailer
958:tractor unit
935:
926:Construction
919:
918:
914:
896:
889:
865:in Australia
824:
819:
816:
812:
804:
795:
785:
760:
753:
703:STAA doubles
682:
674:
670:tandem axles
661:
649:usually has
644:
629:
621:
614:
602:tractor unit
599:
592:
556:
552:
548:
536:
532:
524:
517:
512:gross weight
505:
471:
464:
418:
414:
407:Volvo Trucks
388:
367:
355:
324:
320:
306:
288:loader crane
275:pintle hitch
267:rigid trucks
256:
248:
241:
214:
177:
161:
140:Semi-trailer
132:
129:
117:
102:tractor unit
93:
91:
68:semi-tractor
46:
44:
5123:New Zealand
4935:Netherlands
4802:South Korea
4792:Philippines
4782:North Korea
4082:29 November
4077:Everything2
3632:Caterpillar
2974:"semitruck"
2909:Trailer bus
2823:Jackknifing
2549:Dave Dudley
2545:Phantom 309
2480:Paul Walker
2478:, starring
2460:Prime Mover
2452:, starring
2450:Kevin Hooks
2437:, starring
2402:, starring
2244:(1978–1981)
2236:(1974–1976)
2008:car license
1996:New Zealand
1985:category CE
1858:Caterpillar
1822:Ford Otosan
1677:XCMG Hanvan
1665:Tata Motors
1659:Tata Daewoo
1605:Foton Motor
1454:head trauma
1374:, known as
1368:dual wheels
1282:Semi-truck
1213:suzie coils
1200:yellow line
1118:Jackknifing
1102:fifth wheel
971:compartment
948:drive shaft
886:New Zealand
844:prime mover
791:road trains
694:STAA double
655:dual wheels
632:US$ 100,000
617:drive axles
501:Silverstone
460:Svappavaara
456:Kaunisvaara
271:fifth wheel
237:articulated
126:Other terms
119:fifth wheel
5394:Categories
5304:Drive time
4836:Uzbekistan
4715:Bangladesh
4659:By country
4490:Trucks.com
4435:2 November
4390:ProPublica
3972:12 January
3416:(2): 8–15.
3319:30 October
3130:7 February
3105:7 February
3080:7 February
3008:7 February
2983:7 February
2958:7 February
2936:References
2894:Tank truck
2874:Road train
2870:("reefer")
2808:Dump truck
2720:Radiotopia
2684:MotorStorm
2676:Hard Truck
2629:See also:
2541:Teddy Bear
2537:Giddyup Go
2533:Red Sovine
2505:See also:
2484:Steve Zahn
2355:See also:
2296:Stunticons
2219:Cannonball
2211:Television
2204:See also:
2198:See also:
2161:Intermodal
2000:See also:
1907:A special
1840:Volkswagen
1762:DAF Trucks
1635:JAC Motors
1575:CAMC Hanma
1563:BharatBenz
1528:turbulence
1512:jackknifes
1495:crush zone
1491:car bumper
1487:windshield
1386:brake fade
1304:automobile
1293:drive axle
1225:Jake brake
1147:brake fade
1038:Car hauler
984:fuel tanks
863:road train
787:Australian
610:lift axles
423:Norrbotten
391:Boliden AB
174:Juggernaut
143:Semi-truck
134:US English
5326:Debadging
5314:Rebadging
5111:Australia
5076:Argentina
4748:Indonesia
4596:natm.com/
4561:18 August
4240:IIHS-HLDI
4126:0362-4331
4057:2 October
3772:2 October
3306:Scania AB
3055:21 August
2522:CB radios
2495:Doug Pray
2476:John Dahl
2445:Black Dog
2410:Mad Max 2
2369:Peterbilt
2282:' leader
2256:Sam Jones
2233:Movin' On
2183:sidelifts
2167:piggyback
2139:transport
1955:crash box
1915:Australia
1836:(Belarus)
1733:Peterbilt
1671:UD Trucks
1599:FAW Group
1412:turbulent
1366:Although
1274:hydraulic
1238:retarders
1181:emergency
1156:fail-safe
1138:hydraulic
799:turntable
776:Australia
764:wheelbase
431:Överkalix
346:swap body
325:EuroCombi
245:lift axle
235:or fully
209:Ninatrans
116:called a
108:to carry
5349:Category
5331:Glossary
5309:Facelift
4974:Slovakia
4867:Bulgaria
4826:Thailand
4787:Pakistan
4770:Malaysia
4525:11 March
4495:10 April
4405:cite web
4219:Archived
4189:Archived
4163:Archived
3750:7 August
3609:25 March
3253:30 March
3033:9 August
2782:Cab over
2734:See also
2713:Podcasts
2535:titles "
2471:Joy Ride
2280:Autobots
2149:shipment
2053:道路交通安全規則
1990:7,500 kg
1830:(Russia)
1824:(Turkey)
1818:(Turkey)
1718:Navistar
1708:Kenworth
1499:air bags
1196:red line
1098:king pin
1048:Dry bulk
899:B-double
847:Kenworth
827:cabovers
666:misnomer
452:Skoghall
448:Bohuslän
444:Dalsland
411:Hisingen
405:and the
375:B-double
371:CEN unit
330:B-double
321:EcoCombi
253:, below.
66:cab over
5359:Commons
5220:marques
5172:History
5104:Oceania
5003:Ukraine
4952:Romania
4918:Ireland
4913:Hungary
4901:Germany
4872:Croatia
4862:Belarus
4841:Vietnam
4689:Nigeria
4684:Morocco
4395:21 June
4297:21 June
4272:21 June
4246:21 June
4131:21 June
3998:20 July
3798:12 July
3655:26 June
3546:28 July
3524:28 July
3474:Trailer
3096:"artic"
2843:Lockrod
2803:Drayage
2578:Alabama
2547:", and
2543:" and "
2490:Big Rig
2268:Goliath
2065:Chinese
2061:聯結車駕駛執照
2057:Chinese
1969:Ontario
1728:Oshkosh
1679:(China)
1673:(Japan)
1667:(India)
1655:(China)
1653:Shacman
1649:(China)
1643:(India)
1637:(China)
1631:(Japan)
1623:Hyundai
1619:(Japan)
1613:(Japan)
1607:(China)
1601:(China)
1595:(India)
1589:(China)
1583:(China)
1577:(China)
1571:(China)
1565:(India)
1559:(India)
1471:, or a
1336:pigtail
1189:service
1124:Braking
1058:Flatbed
1028:dry van
771:Oceania
659:moniker
539:B-Train
520:kingpin
506:In the
497:Renault
395:Boliden
279:Backing
152:Big rig
110:freight
55:tractor
5405:Trucks
5379:Portal
5088:Brazil
5048:Mexico
5036:Canada
4991:Sweden
4969:Serbia
4957:Russia
4940:Poland
4889:France
4855:Europe
4831:Turkey
4814:Taiwan
4797:Russia
4667:Africa
4124:
3992:reddit
3824:1 June
3678:
3583:18 May
3414:Uptime
3209:
3156:20 May
2999:"semi"
2700:(2009)
2679:(1998)
2657:(2003)
2642:series
2560:BigRig
2558:band,
2514:Convoy
2395:Convoy
2288:Convoy
2067::
2059::
2039:Taiwan
1979:Europe
1962:Canada
1792:Scania
1755:Europe
1476:bumper
1330:Lights
1209:suzies
1085:Tanker
1078:Reefer
1068:Lowboy
969:engine
950:, and
734:Canada
718:Nevada
651:tandem
417:(lit.
358:Sweden
217:Europe
195:Europe
4979:Spain
4923:Italy
4758:Japan
4736:India
4720:China
4679:Kenya
4674:Egypt
4573:Notes
4340:(PDF)
4292:(PDF)
4222:(PDF)
4207:(PDF)
4166:(PDF)
4151:(PDF)
4017:(PDF)
3945:4 May
3939:Stuff
3917:(PDF)
3896:(PDF)
3861:(PDF)
3730:(PDF)
3713:(PDF)
3649:(PDF)
3628:(PDF)
3313:(PDF)
3294:(PDF)
3247:(PDF)
3236:(PDF)
3176:(PDF)
2919:Truck
2914:Train
2772:Brake
2612:" by
2587:" by
2576:" by
2501:Music
2417:truck
2351:Films
2194:Media
2146:cargo
1929:gross
1883:Tatra
1878:Roman
1868:Jelcz
1828:Kamaz
1802:Volvo
1772:Iveco
1767:Foden
1743:Volvo
1738:Tesla
1629:Isuzu
1464:, an
1458:NHTSA
1372:tires
1312:Eaton
1228:) or
1142:brake
1026:, or
996:space
994:cargo
975:cabin
944:axles
940:tires
606:axles
588:Idaho
493:tents
435:Piteå
399:Volvo
350:dolly
259:dolly
207:) of
114:hitch
98:below
5369:List
5136:Data
4753:Iran
4708:Asia
4563:2012
4527:2023
4497:2020
4459:2019
4437:2017
4411:link
4397:2023
4299:2023
4274:2023
4248:2023
4133:2023
4122:ISSN
4084:2007
4059:2012
4000:2022
3974:2017
3947:2021
3921:NZTA
3826:2013
3800:2016
3774:2012
3752:2016
3676:ISBN
3657:2014
3611:2016
3585:2017
3548:2016
3526:2016
3504:2018
3482:2018
3364:2015
3342:help
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