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which enabled him to break the oath he had made at Troyes, and reconciled with and recognised
Charles as King of France. Brittany had always stuck to its tradition of joining the strongest side. When it declared war on England in 1426, Brittany's eastern frontier remained unprotected, besides sending
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held a secret meeting in which the two agreed to remain friends if either duke would reconcile himself with
Charles. Although for the time being both recognised Henry VI as their sovereign, adherence to the Treaty of Amiens wavered for their own personal interests.
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in time of need. The main part of the agreement was the signatories commitment to work for "the good of our lord the king and his kingdom of France and
England", a clause that recognised Henry VI's title to the French throne, and rejected the authority of Charles.
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more to his young nephew's interest. Bedford had concluded with a marriage contract in which he would marry Anne of
Burgundy, younger sister of Philip, while Arthur, Earl of Richmond, would marry Margaret of Burgundy, older sister of Philip.
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The treaty also gave an unusual clause in which the three dukes would give relief to the poor and those suffering. Despite being fifteen years her senior, Bedford's marriage to Anne of
Burgundy turned out to be a love match.
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in Paris could do nothing to stop the French from pushing further into
English territories. By 1433, the Duke of Burgundy opened negotiations with Charles, and, having only agreed with a small peace settlement near
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Anglo-Burgundian relations now centred on the two personal figures of the Duke of
Bedford and the Duke of Burgundy, who was as strong as any other monarch. In 1422, Bedford had sought to bind
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Anne of
Burgundy, the Duchess of Bedford, was the primary mediator between her brother and her husband. Her death in 1432 deeply shook the relations between the two. Henry VI's French
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The Treaty of Amiens was a tripartite alliance between
England, Burgundy and Brittany. It arranged the marriage of the John, Duke of Bedford to the Duke of Burgundy's younger sister,
296:. Furthermore, the treaty stated that all three of the parties would willingly acknowledge Henry VI of England as King of France, as had been promised by their oaths taken at the
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and younger brother of Henry V, was made regent of France, and ruled with a joint French administration in Paris until the king came of age to rule his two kingdoms.
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431:(supporters of Charles) who were fighting against the English. This important victory meant there was a smaller need for important administration in Paris.
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However, a quarrel between
Bedford and Richmond caused the latter to offer his services to the Dauphin in 1424 despite having been created
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The comprehensive history of England: civil and military, religious, intellectual, and social ... to the suppression of the Sepoy revolt
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264:. It helped maintain the Anglo-Burgundian alliance until 1435, and the basis of the dual-monarchy of the two kingdoms of England and
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in 1435, the Duke of Burgundy withdrew from the alliance and withdrew his recognition of Henry VI as King of France. Burgundy had a
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486:. Even after the expulsion of Henry VI from France in 1453, the English kings continued to style themselves as Kings of France.
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for negotiation. The talks ended in April when they signed a personal alliance that would lapse on the signatories' death. The
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death. However Henry V died four weeks before the death of Charles VI, and so never inherited the French throne.
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territory, he now started reflecting on a possibility of a Franco-Burgundian reconciliation.
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in favour of his wife's right there, thus bringing Anglo-Burgundian confrontation.
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raids into English held territory. In 1427, Brittany was forced to a previous
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The Treaty of Amiens was almost immediately undermined. On 18 April 1423, the
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to refuse him and support the Valois heir, Charles. The infant king of the
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by Bedford. The same year, Anglo-Burgundian strain had been shown when
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commitment was that each individual would aid with five-hundred
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209:, signed on 13 April 1423, was a defensive agreement between
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Historical dictionary of late medieval England, 1272-1485
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Henry V's son, though still an infant, became Henry VI,
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The Treaty of Amiens was formed in the aftermath of the
229:, the English regent of France, the Burgundians by Duke
581:, Editor George Holmes, Oxford University Press, 2001,
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1423 alliance between Burgundy, Brittany, and England
241:. By the agreement, all three parties acknowledged
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579:The Oxford illustrated history of medieval Europe
621:Lancaster and York; a Century of English History
407:The English and Burgundians were masters on the
362:In February 1423, Bedford appealed for a formal
415:in 1423, a victory celebrated by the people of
440:Humphrey of Lancaster, 1st Duke of Gloucester
343:. John, Duke of Bedford, who was governor of
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593:The Close of the Middle Ages 1273 to 1494 V3
366:, suggesting that both dukes would come to
249:, and agreed to aid each other against the
312:, Henry V and his heirs would inherit the
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331:of an infant king made it easier for the
69:Learn how and when to remove this message
520:vol.2, (London, 1955; reprint 2005), 349
32:This article includes a list of general
693:15th-century military history of France
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442:(the brother of Bedford), attacked the
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636:Encyclopedia of the Hundred Years War
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616:, Publisher Blackie and son, 1861.
225:. The English were represented by
38:it lacks sufficient corresponding
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688:Treaties of the Kingdom of France
423:in 1424 was known as the second
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683:Treaties of medieval England
233:himself, and the Bretons by
144:Philip III, Duke of Burgundy
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634:Wagner, John A. (2006).
294:Louis, Dauphin of France
419:, and their victory at
53:more precise citations.
518:The Hundred Years War,
308:As formalised by the
268:first formed by King
227:John, Duke of Bedford
134:John, Duke of Bedford
290:Margaret of Burgundy
606:MacFarlane, Charles
563:Fritze, Ronald H.,
243:Henry VI of England
235:Arthur de Richemont
154:Arthur de Richemont
619:Ramsay, James H.,
444:County of Hainault
300:two years before.
270:Henry V of England
223:Hundred Years' War
175:Kingdom of England
93:Hundred Years' War
601:978-1-4179-0124-1
464:Burgundian-Valois
436:Count of Touraine
413:Battle of Cravant
314:Kingdom of France
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505:Wagner 2006
409:battlefield
401:Burgundians
376:men-at-arms
292:, widow of
255:Charles VII
221:during the
122:Signatories
51:introducing
657:Categories
558:References
480:status quo
459:Notre Dame
451:coronation
304:Background
253:claimant,
34:references
490:Footnotes
429:Armagnacs
425:Agincourt
391:Aftermath
329:accession
421:Verneuil
399:and the
372:military
364:alliance
356:Burgundy
352:Brittany
345:Normandy
215:Brittany
211:Burgundy
117:, France
107:Location
469:At the
397:Bretons
380:archers
219:England
163:Parties
115:Picardy
89:Context
47:improve
678:Amiens
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484:vassal
368:Amiens
341:regent
316:after
274:Troyes
266:France
251:Valois
217:, and
111:Amiens
99:Signed
36:, but
417:Paris
280:Terms
640:ISBN
625:ISBN
597:ISBN
583:ISBN
569:ISBN
453:and
378:and
354:and
205:The
482:as
457:at
272:at
245:as
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537:^
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