653:, which was to pass to Denmark according to article VII, and confirmed donations made before the exchange. Also, it was agreed in article XX that subjects of the Danish king could choose within the next six years whether they would finally settle in Norway or Denmark, whereby property in the realm which would not become the permanent residence was to be sold only to inhabitants of this realm. This provision was also enacted with respect to Swedish Pomerania. In article XVI, it was agreed that the governors general and all foreign-born officials of the exchanged territories, as long as they did not decide to remain, were removed from their offices. Article XXI obliged the Danish administration to hand over all civilian and military administrative documents and archives concerning Norway.
535:
135:
483:
123:
706:
834:. Prussia also took over a Danish debt to Sweden of 600,000 talers, and agreed on an additional payment of 2 million talers to Sweden. Denmark and Sweden in turn relinquished their claims to Swedish Pomerania in favour of Prussia. Charles XIII of Sweden then released his Pomeranian subjects from their obligations towards Sweden on 1 October 1815, and on 23 October the province was handed over to von Ingersleben, president of
636:
474:
847:
375:
58:
147:
420:
Napoleon. Bernadotte's condition for entering the anti-Napoleonic alliance was the gain of Norway, which the United
Kingdom and Russia accepted in May 1813. Prussia however did not acknowledge this claim at first. Thus, Bernadotte hesitated to enter the war with full force, and only engaged in a campaign against
525:
The articles added in
Brussels were concerned with the property of Danish subjects in the colonies or in ceded territories, which was to remain untouched by the British for the next three years, and equal treatment of Danish, British and Hanoveranian subjects, who were not to be prosecuted because of
736:
allowed for the union between Norway and Sweden to be established. The
Norwegian Parliament voted for a constitution and elected the Swedish king to the Norwegian throne. So Danish sovereignty over Norway was superseded with Swedish sovereignty over Norway. As of 1814 a distinction was made between
514:
alliance, and obliged himself to maintain an army of 10,000 men that was to be joined to the Allied forces in
Northern Germany and likewise be commanded by the Swedish crown prince. This Danish contingent was to be treated the same way the Swedish contingent was treated, and the Danish king was to
436:
of French forces. Denmark, who had maintained the alliance with
Napoleon because of the Swedish claim to Norway, was isolated and, as a consequence of the war, bankrupt. Bernadotte, now free to attack Denmark after Napoleon's defeat at Leipzig in Mid-October, took his combined Swedish/Russian Army
419:
In 1812, Napoleon's forces were decimated in their failed attempt to subdue Russia, and started their westward retreat. Sweden allied with Russia on 30 August 1812, with the United
Kingdom on 3 March 1813, and with Prussia on 22 April 1813. Previously, on 23 March 1813, she had declared war on
437:
and quickly defeated the outnumbered Danish Army and occupied
Holstein and Schleswig during late December 1813. Frederick VI agreed to make peace once it was clear that Bernadotte would occupy Jutland and Zealand (with British naval assistance), if necessary to force the Norwegian cession.
614:
was to be handed over to
Denmark. In article XV, it was ruled that the Swedish forces were to take over the Norwegian fortresses as soon as the treaty was ratified, and that they were to abandon Swedish Pomerania as soon as the Norwegian fortresses
872:
in eastern
Greenland on 10 July 1931, which had been occupied in the previous month. On 5 April 1933 however, the court ruled that on the basis of the Treaty of Kiel and subsequent treaties, Denmark was the sovereign over the whole of Greenland.
631:
were handed over. In article XIII, the
Swedish king promised the Danish king to negotiate full compensation for the cession of Norway in a pending final peace, and the cession of Swedish Pomerania is described as a "proof" of this intention.
758:
607:. The Norwegian subjects were freed of their obligations to the Danish king. In article VI, the Swedish crown took over the debts and financial obligations of Norway, which was to be determined by a joint Dano-Swedish commission.
2276:
2678:
522:. In article X, the British king promised the Danish king to negotiate further compensation for Denmark's territorial cessions to Sweden in a pending final peace. In article XIII, older Dano-British treaties were confirmed.
3286:
2413:
2271:
3166:
1005:
Diplomatisches Handbuch: Sammlung der wichtigsten europaeischen Friedensschluesse, Congressacten und sonstigen Staatsurkunden, vom westphaelischen Frieden bis auf die neueste Zeit
720:
The Swedish crown prince intended to invade Norway to enforce the Treaty of Kiel. This was supported by the majority of people living in Sweden. However, the Swedish elite in
2261:
1009:
Diplomatic Handbook: Collection of the Most Important European Peace Conventions, Congress Acts and Other State Certificates, from the Westphalia Peace to the Modern Period
515:
receive an annual 400,000 pounds of British subsidies for maintenance and pay of the army, to be paid in monthly installments as soon as the army entered Allied service.
868:
The Norwegian side argued that Denmark did not hold rights to any part of the island where she did not exact actual sovereignty, and accordingly proclaimed a Norwegian
2322:
3261:
2396:
2312:
1803:
1661:
317:, which revised the Constitution to allow for the Union. It was formally established when the Storting elected Charles XIII as king of Norway on 4 November 1814.
3246:
424:
which on 30 June was re-conquered by allied French and Danish forces. When Prussia finally accepted the Swedish claim to Norway on 22 July, Sweden joined the
2418:
1459:
392:. Russia was therein obliged to attack Napoleon's enemies, and since Gustav IV Adolf refused to break his alliance with the United Kingdom, the tsar invaded
804:
450:
348:
209:
127:
122:
3055:
2332:
858:
680:
560:
with British mediation. It consisted of 28 articles and one separate article. In article III, the Danish king promised to join the alliance against
3236:
1514:
675:. In article XXVII, former Dano-Swedish peaces were confirmed as long as their provisions were not in conflict with the treaty of Kiel, namely the
2251:
2307:
2087:
2060:
1904:
3034:
2406:
1484:
2127:
2107:
1928:
1916:
1788:
1776:
1646:
835:
1499:
1494:
1489:
1383:
1345:
2132:
2122:
2117:
1945:
1940:
1825:
1820:
1815:
1810:
1698:
1673:
1509:
1504:
2723:
2297:
2256:
1892:
1887:
1764:
1749:
1584:
1574:
363:. The United Kingdom, which had declared war on France in 1803, paid subsidies to Sweden. Before Gustav IV Adolf marched his forces out of
2241:
3301:
2370:
2302:
2266:
503:
In article III, the United Kingdom was obliged to return all occupied Danish possessions to the Danish king. Excepted was the island of
534:
3241:
2327:
3126:
865:. As of December 2008, this was the only case where possession of a polar territory was ever decided by an international court.
656:
Article XVII provided for a mutual exchange of all prisoners of war. According to article XV, allied troops were to leave the Danish
571:, which would enter a union with Sweden under the Swedish king. The Norwegian kingdom was defined as consisting of the bishoprics of
405:
3256:
3231:
3091:
2317:
1404:
1364:
1298:
1226:
1201:
2029:
1338:
Insolvenz- und finanzrechtliche Perspektiven der Insolvenz von juristischen Personen des öffentlichen Rechts, insbesondere Kommunen
3306:
2457:
2072:
1452:
495:
247:
3178:
458:
2174:
700:
368:
306:
1374:
Olesen, Jens E. (2008). "Schwedisch-Pommern in der schwedischen Politik nach 1806". In North, Michael; Riemer, Robert (eds.).
732:
and urged his religious colleagues in Christiania to grab their rifles so as to never surrender. There was a brief war but a
425:
274:, which remained in the union with Denmark. (Norway would unsuccessfully contest the Danish claim to all of Greenland in the
2920:
2423:
1396:
Zeittafel der Rechtsgeschichte. Von den AnfĂ€ngen ĂŒber Rom bis 1919. Mit Schwerpunkt Ăsterreich und zeitgenössischen BezĂŒgen
2375:
2225:
2102:
788:
3184:
2931:
2430:
2391:
1340:. Schriften zum deutschen, europÀischen und internationalen Insolvenzrecht (in German). Vol. 7. Walter de Gruyter.
302:
564:, and with reference to the Dano-British treaty confirms his obligation to put part of his army under Swedish command.
3296:
3251:
2635:
2162:
2049:
1839:
1716:
1445:
676:
413:
1921:
1911:
1856:
2869:
2864:
2718:
1759:
1479:
784:
761:
326:
229:
81:
2994:
2909:
2891:
567:
In article IV, the Danish king in his and his successors' name "irrevocably and forever" renounced claims to the
553:
454:
385:
344:
286:
688:
3271:
3202:
3011:
3000:
2989:
650:
409:
378:
1559:
281:
However, not all provisions of the treaty would come into force. Norway declared its independence, adopted a
3291:
3281:
3149:
3144:
3061:
2926:
2880:
2858:
2841:
2733:
2728:
2700:
2246:
1631:
1626:
776:
684:
491:
343:
tried to maintain neutrality but soon became involved in the fighting, joining opposite camps. Swedish king
239:
2852:
830:. This duchy was then handed over from Prussia to Denmark, along with an additional payment of 3.5 million
428:
concluded between Russia, the United Kingdom and Prussia on 14/15 June. With three armies (North, Main and
3266:
3097:
2494:
2362:
2280:
2157:
2065:
2034:
1959:
1844:
1706:
1678:
768:
709:
657:
639:
397:
282:
275:
255:
2915:
2903:
1416:
Zur Regierungsgeschichte Friedrich VI. Königs von DÀnemark, Herzogs von Schleswig, Holstein und Lauenburg
412:
was elected heir to the Swedish throne in 1810. DenmarkâNorway entered an alliance with France after the
2885:
2750:
2683:
2143:
2112:
1688:
557:
538:
526:
their participation in the war on different sides, nor because of their political or religious beliefs.
2167:
2137:
1950:
1830:
3172:
3102:
3067:
2713:
2514:
2499:
2489:
2148:
1781:
1616:
1579:
1468:
661:
624:
620:
2277:
Apostolic Administration of KamieĆ (Cammin), Lubusz (Lebus) and the Prelature of PiĆa (SchneidemĂŒhl)
482:
3311:
3138:
3005:
2965:
2959:
2778:
2768:
2600:
2509:
2484:
2231:
2097:
2044:
1754:
336:
217:
139:
134:
3114:
3085:
3073:
3022:
2971:
2936:
2773:
2534:
2236:
2082:
2039:
2012:
1882:
1877:
1744:
1739:
1656:
1621:
1569:
1564:
882:
827:
808:
800:
796:
792:
780:
725:
646:
545:
519:
446:
356:
310:
298:
193:
2835:
2554:
2024:
1933:
1798:
1062:
Barton, Sir D. Plunket (1925). Bernadotte: Prince and King 1810â1844. Pp. 113-116. John Murray.
3190:
3132:
3108:
2977:
2846:
2823:
2758:
2519:
2504:
1863:
1729:
1668:
1641:
1606:
1601:
1596:
1540:
1400:
1379:
1360:
1341:
1294:
1222:
1197:
887:
869:
850:
812:
772:
664:
628:
611:
568:
561:
549:
511:
364:
360:
340:
290:
259:
251:
213:
151:
107:
3160:
3154:
3016:
2942:
2874:
2829:
2666:
2544:
2524:
1793:
1683:
1651:
1591:
433:
389:
189:
47:
3197:
Convention on the International Commission on the Protection of the Oder against Pollution
3120:
3028:
2983:
2897:
2763:
2740:
2539:
2529:
2479:
2209:
2091:
1769:
1636:
1611:
332:
225:
177:
164:
85:
33:
1992:
1309:
857:
Between 1931 and 1933, Norway contested the Danish possession of all of Greenland at the
371:, he negotiated an agreement that Prussia would not attack it. Denmark remained neutral.
705:
2595:
1987:
1693:
1554:
1427:(in Swedish). Vol. 3. Svenskt MilitÀrhistoriskt Biblioteks Förlag och författaren.
897:
668:
635:
352:
3276:
3225:
3039:
2645:
2346:
2054:
1899:
1549:
604:
572:
271:
2610:
2549:
2461:
2077:
729:
71:
1394:
432:, the Northern army under Bernadotte's command), the allies subsequently cleared
2672:
2650:
1711:
892:
819:
616:
473:
401:
374:
2708:
2640:
2017:
846:
504:
314:
243:
57:
262:. Specifically excluded from the exchange were the Norwegian dependencies of
228:, where the United Kingdom and Sweden were part of the anti-French camp (the
2630:
2590:
2007:
2002:
1971:
1868:
1376:
Das Ende des Alten Reiches im Ostseeraum. Wahrnehmungen und Transformationen
862:
733:
596:
584:
263:
691:(1809). A separate article was concerned with the cession of hostilities.
2605:
1982:
1977:
713:
592:
588:
580:
462:
1219:
A History of the European Restorations: Governments, States and Monarchy
1194:
A History of the European Restorations: Governments, States and Monarchy
767:
Due to the refusal of Norway to subordinate itself to the Swedish king,
2580:
1437:
795:, who proposed a ring exchange of territories and payments between the
757:
672:
600:
507:, where the British king was granted "full and unlimited sovereignty".
429:
421:
393:
294:
267:
645:
In article XII, the king of Sweden promised to maintain the Norwegian
2625:
2620:
2615:
2570:
831:
576:
313:. King Christian Frederik abdicated after convening an extraordinary
233:
146:
461:. It consisted of 14 articles, to which two articles were added in
2585:
2575:
845:
823:
756:
671:
with Denmark and Schleswig, to participate in the encirclement of
634:
3196:
721:
221:
103:
2805:
2455:
2197:
1527:
1441:
224:. It ended the hostilities between the parties in the ongoing
587:, as well as the coastal islands and the northern regions of
745:. The Norwegian elite used this identity labeling to resist
406:
Sweden could no longer uphold her anti-French foreign policy
2257:
Prince-Episcopal Delegation for Brandenburg and Pomerania
2414:
Evangelical Church of the Augsburg Confession in Poland
289:
as its own king. Sweden therefore refused to hand over
826:
to Hanover, and in exchange received from Hanover the
783:, when the Great Powers followed a plan worked out by
16:
1814 treaty between the UK, Sweden, and DenmarkâNorway
1310:"Historical Evidence and the Eastern Greenland Case"
62:
Translated reprint of the part concerned with Norway
3048:
2952:
2816:
2749:
2699:
2692:
2659:
2563:
2472:
2384:
2354:
2345:
2290:
2262:
Apostolic Administration of the Free City of Danzig
2217:
2208:
1970:
1855:
1727:
1538:
518:Article VIII was concerned with the abolishment of
160:
113:
99:
91:
77:
67:
24:
1399:(in German) (3 ed.). Edition Europa Verlag.
1003:Ghillany, Friedrich Wilhelm; Beck, C. H. (1855).
2397:Evangelical Lutheran Church in Northern Germany
510:In article VI, the Danish king joined the anti-
818:According to Hardenberg's plan, Prussia ceded
258:, to enter a union with Sweden, in return for
2401:Lutheran Diocese of Mecklenburg and Pomerania
1453:
1293:(in German). Vol. 3. Walter de Gruyter.
1178:
1176:
1174:
1172:
1170:
1168:
1166:
1147:
1145:
1143:
1141:
1139:
1137:
1135:
1133:
1131:
1112:
1110:
1100:
1098:
1096:
1094:
1092:
1090:
1080:
1078:
1076:
1074:
1072:
1070:
1068:
916:
914:
912:
660:(Slesvig), but were allowed to remain in the
202:
39:
8:
3161:Polish-East German Maritime Border Agreement
2684:Post-WWII settlement of Poles and Ukrainians
2419:Lutheran Diocese of Pomerania-Greater Poland
1262:
1260:
1250:
1248:
1246:
1244:
1242:
1240:
1238:
457:and the British envoy at the Swedish court,
25:
19:
1357:Kompendium völkerrechtlicher Rechtsprechung
1217:Ambrogio A. Caiani; Michael Broers (2019).
1192:Ambrogio A. Caiani; Michael Broers (2019).
1040:
1038:
971:
969:
967:
957:
955:
953:
951:
949:
939:
937:
935:
451:United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland
349:United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland
210:United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland
128:United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland
3287:Treaties of the United Kingdom (1801â1922)
2813:
2802:
2696:
2469:
2452:
2351:
2214:
2205:
2194:
1535:
1524:
1460:
1446:
1438:
1418:(in German). Vol. 2. Verlag Schröder.
1028:
1026:
1024:
1022:
1020:
1018:
388:and forced Prussia and Russia to sign the
18:
859:Permanent Court of International Justice
704:
533:
414:second British bombardment of Copenhagen
373:
220:on the other side on 14 January 1814 in
2252:Apostolic Vicariate of Northern Germany
1414:Jenssen-Tusch, Georg Friedrich (1852).
1378:(in German). Böhlau. pp. 274â292.
908:
242:joined the anti-French alliance, ceded
3262:Treaties involving territorial changes
2407:Evangelical Reformed Church in Germany
2088:Pomeranian Voivodeship 1919–1939
1221:. Bloomsbury Publishing. p. 256.
1196:. Bloomsbury Publishing. p. 255.
1789:Province of Pomerania 1815–1945
1647:Province of Pomerania 1815–1945
595:to the Russian border. Excepted were
232:) while DenmarkâNorway was allied to
7:
3247:Peace treaties of the United Kingdom
2679:WWII flight and expulsion of Germans
2371:Evangelical State Church in Prussia
2098:Free City of Danzig 1920–1939
1291:Handbuch der preuĂischen Geschichte
649:of Christiania, and the Pomeranian
851:Eirik Raudes (Erik the Red's) Land
552:was negotiated by Danish diplomat
453:was negotiated by Danish diplomat
369:a province long coveted by Prussia
305:, Norway accepted entering into a
14:
3092:North German Confederation Treaty
1125:Jenssen-Tusch (1852), pp. 165â166
724:supported resistance. The bishop
2267:Apostolic Administration of TĂŒtz
1679:Mecklenburg-Vorpommern 1946â1952
1308:Cavell, Janice (December 2008).
779:. The problem was solved at the
556:(Burke) and Swedish envoy Baron
496:George III of the United Kingdom
481:
472:
248:George III of the United Kingdom
145:
133:
121:
56:
2175:Kuyavian-Pomeranian Voivodeship
2144:Bydgoszcz Voivodeship 1975â1998
2113:Bydgoszcz Voivodeship 1946â1975
1929:Province of Pomerania 1815â1945
1336:Cranshaw, Friedrich L. (2007).
1011:] (in German). Vol. 2.
701:Union between Sweden and Norway
695:Union between Sweden and Norway
681:Treaty of Stockholm (June 1720)
2323:Archdiocese of Szczecin-KamieĆ
2133:Koszalin Voivodeship 1975â1998
2123:Koszalin Voivodeship 1950â1975
2118:Szczecin Voivodeship 1946â1975
2030:Duchy of Ćwiecie and Lubiszewo
1946:Koszalin Voivodeship 1950â1975
1941:Szczecin Voivodeship 1946â1975
1826:Koszalin Voivodeship 1975â1998
1821:Szczecin Voivodeship 1975â1998
1816:Koszalin Voivodeship 1950â1975
1811:Szczecin Voivodeship 1946â1975
1699:Szczecin Voivodeship 1975â1998
1674:Szczecin Voivodeship 1946â1975
803:(ruled in personal union with
710:Norwegian Constituent Assembly
218:Kingdoms of Denmark and Norway
1:
2376:Pomeranian Evangelical Church
2313:Diocese of Koszalin-KoĆobrzeg
2226:Christianization of Pomerania
2103:Reichsgau Danzig-West Prussia
2073:Free City of Danzig 1807â1814
359:in 1805, and declared war on
347:entered an alliance with the
3185:Treaty of Good Neighbourship
3035:Saint-Germain-en-Laye (1679)
2724:Mecklenburgisch-Vorpommersch
2431:Pentecostal Church in Poland
2392:Protestant Church in Germany
2128:GdaĆsk Voivodeship 1975â1998
2108:GdaĆsk Voivodeship 1946â1975
1182:Jenssen-Tusch (1852), p. 167
1151:Jenssen-Tusch (1852), p. 166
1116:Jenssen-Tusch (1852), p. 165
1104:Jenssen-Tusch (1852), p. 169
1084:Jenssen-Tusch (1852), p. 168
208:) was concluded between the
3179:GermanâPolish Border Treaty
3173:German Reunification Treaty
2424:Lutheran Diocese of WrocĆaw
2163:West Pomeranian Voivodeship
2050:State of the Teutonic Order
1840:West Pomeranian Voivodeship
1717:West Pomeranian Voivodeship
1359:(in German). Mohr Siebeck.
677:Treaty of Copenhagen (1660)
384:In 1807, Napoleonic forces
3328:
3302:War of the Sixth Coalition
3237:Treaties of DenmarkâNorway
3068:Polish Partitions Treaties
785:Karl August von Hardenberg
698:
327:War of the Sixth Coalition
324:
307:personal union with Sweden
293:, which instead passed to
82:War of the Sixth Coalition
3242:Peace treaties of Denmark
2812:
2801:
2468:
2451:
2272:Prelature of SchneidemĂŒhl
2204:
2193:
2083:Posen-West Prussia Region
1534:
1523:
1475:
805:Great Britain and Ireland
287:Prince Christian Frederik
55:
3257:Peace treaties of Sweden
3232:Napoleonic Wars treaties
3203:Treaty of Accession 2003
2660:Major demographic events
2232:Diocese of Wollin/Cammin
1922:Lauenburg and BĂŒtow Land
1917:Brandenburgian Pomerania
1777:Brandenburgian Pomerania
1480:10,000 BC – 600 AD
1425:Sveriges krig: 1630â1814
943:Cavell (2008), pp. 433ff
651:University of Greifswald
410:Jean Baptiste Bernadotte
386:seized Swedish Pomerania
379:Jean Baptiste Bernadotte
331:In the beginning of the
250:, and further ceded the
3307:Frederick VI of Denmark
3070:(1772/1773, 1793, 1795)
2473:Archaeological cultures
1632:Pomerania-Wolgast-Stolp
1393:SchÀfer, Anton (2002).
1160:Sundberg (2010), p. 358
777:Frederick VI of Denmark
685:Treaty of Frederiksborg
610:Article VII ruled that
544:The treaty between the
492:Frederick VI of Denmark
445:The treaty between the
426:alliance of Reichenbach
301:in 1815. After a short
240:Frederick VI of Denmark
3098:Peace of Prague (1866)
2693:Languages and dialects
2363:Protestant Reformation
2158:Pomeranian Voivodeship
2061:Pomeranian Voivodeship
1960:Pomeranian Voivodeship
1905:Pomeranian Voivodeship
1845:Pomeranian Voivodeship
1707:Mecklenburg-Vorpommern
1423:Sundberg, Ulf (2010).
1275:Dörr (2004), pp. 103ff
1053:Cranshaw (2007), p. 22
920:SchÀfer (2002), p. 137
854:
769:Charles XIII of Sweden
764:
717:
642:
640:Charles XIII of Sweden
541:
398:severed it from Sweden
381:
276:Eastern Greenland Case
203:
197:
181:
40:
26:
2939:(1448/1468/1472/1479)
2308:Archdiocese of GdaĆsk
2298:Archdiocese of Berlin
1689:Bezirk Neubrandenburg
1560:Principality of RĂŒgen
1355:Dörr, Oliver (2004).
1266:Cavell (2008), p. 434
984:Olesen (2008), p. 289
975:Olesen (2008), p. 287
961:Olesen (2008), p. 285
849:
760:
708:
638:
558:Gustaf af Wetterstedt
537:
408:, and French Marshal
377:
2932:Thorn, Second (1466)
2333:Diocese of WĆocĆawek
2303:Diocese of Bydgoszcz
1912:Lauenburg-BĂŒtow Pawn
1782:Starostwo of Draheim
1627:Pomerania-RĂŒgenwalde
1617:Pomerania-Neustettin
1469:History of Pomerania
1289:BĂŒsch, Otto (1992).
1254:BĂŒsch (1992), p. 104
741:and those allegedly
687:(July 1720) and the
667:(Holsten), ruled in
216:on one side and the
3023:Wehlau and Bromberg
2281:GorzĂłw Wielkopolski
2247:Diocese of Roskilde
2066:CheĆmno Voivodeship
2035:Duchy of BiaĆogarda
1044:BĂŒsch (1992), p. 61
1032:BĂŒsch (1992), p. 60
993:BĂŒsch (1992), p. 39
929:Dörr (2004), p. 103
842:East Greenland case
689:Treaty of Jönköping
530:Dano-Swedish treaty
441:Dano-British treaty
21:
3297:British Heligoland
3252:Treaties of Sweden
3127:MolotovâRibbentrop
3115:Prussian Concordat
3049:1700–present
2910:Eberswalde, Second
2719:Central Pomeranian
2636:German Pomeranians
2601:Slavic Pomeranians
2490:ErtebĂžlle-Ellerbek
2318:Diocese of Pelplin
2242:Diocese of CheĆmno
2237:Diocese of Kolberg
2138:SĆupsk Voivodeship
2040:Duchy of Lubiszewo
2013:Duchy of Pomerelia
1951:SĆupsk Voivodeship
1883:House of Pomerania
1878:Duchy of Pomerania
1831:SĆupsk Voivodeship
1804:List of placenames
1745:House of Pomerania
1740:Duchy of Pomerania
1662:List of placenames
1622:Pomerania-Stargard
1570:House of Pomerania
1565:Duchy of Pomerania
1515:1945–present
883:History of Denmark
855:
836:Prussian Pomerania
828:Duchy of Lauenburg
809:Kingdom of Prussia
801:Kingdom of Hanover
797:Kingdom of Denmark
793:Kingdom of Prussia
781:Congress of Vienna
771:did not hand over
765:
739:genuine Norwegians
726:Johan Nordahl Brun
718:
658:Duchy of Schleswig
643:
546:Kingdom of Denmark
542:
447:Kingdom of Denmark
382:
357:Napoleon Bonaparte
311:Convention of Moss
299:Congress of Vienna
285:and elected Crown
3219:
3218:
3215:
3214:
3211:
3210:
2892:Eberswalde, First
2797:
2796:
2793:
2792:
2789:
2788:
2520:Nordic Bronze Age
2447:
2446:
2443:
2442:
2439:
2438:
2341:
2340:
2189:
2188:
2185:
2184:
2149:ToruĆ Voivodeship
1864:Farther Pomerania
1730:Farther Pomerania
1669:Enclave of Police
1642:Swedish Pomerania
1607:Pomerania-Wolgast
1602:Pomerania-Schlawe
1597:Pomerania-Stettin
1541:Western Pomerania
1385:978-3-412-20108-1
1347:978-3-89949-389-4
888:History of Norway
870:Eirik Raudes Land
813:Kingdom of Sweden
789:prime minister of
773:Swedish Pomerania
753:Swedish Pomerania
665:Duchy of Holstein
662:German confederal
612:Swedish Pomerania
569:Kingdom of Norway
562:Napoleonic France
550:Kingdom of Sweden
365:Swedish Pomerania
361:Napoleonic France
341:Kingdom of Sweden
291:Swedish Pomerania
260:Swedish Pomerania
252:Kingdom of Norway
214:Kingdom of Sweden
170:
169:
108:Duchy of Holstein
3319:
3191:Polish Concordat
3155:Helsinki Accords
3109:Polish Concordat
2870:Stralsund (1370)
2865:Stralsund (1354)
2814:
2803:
2697:
2667:Migration Period
2555:DÄbczyn (Denzin)
2470:
2453:
2352:
2328:Diocese of ToruĆ
2215:
2206:
2195:
2045:Duchy of Ćwiecie
2008:Danish Pomerelia
2003:Polish Pomerelia
1996:
1871:
1684:Bezirk Frankfurt
1657:Stralsund Region
1592:Pomerania-Demmin
1536:
1525:
1462:
1455:
1448:
1439:
1428:
1419:
1410:
1389:
1370:
1351:
1332:
1330:
1328:
1314:
1304:
1276:
1273:
1267:
1264:
1255:
1252:
1233:
1232:
1214:
1208:
1207:
1189:
1183:
1180:
1161:
1158:
1152:
1149:
1126:
1123:
1117:
1114:
1105:
1102:
1085:
1082:
1063:
1060:
1054:
1051:
1045:
1042:
1033:
1030:
1013:
1012:
1000:
994:
991:
985:
982:
976:
973:
962:
959:
944:
941:
930:
927:
921:
918:
485:
476:
434:Northern Germany
390:Treaty of Tilsit
206:
150:
149:
138:
137:
126:
125:
60:
51:
43:
37:
29:
22:
3327:
3326:
3322:
3321:
3320:
3318:
3317:
3316:
3272:1814 in Denmark
3222:
3221:
3220:
3207:
3121:Reichskonkordat
3044:
2953:1500–1700
2948:
2921:BrzeĆÄ Kujawski
2881:RaciÄ
ĆŒek (1404)
2817:1200–1500
2808:
2785:
2745:
2741:Standard German
2734:West Pomeranian
2729:East Pomeranian
2688:
2655:
2559:
2464:
2435:
2380:
2337:
2286:
2200:
2181:
2168:Gmina BiaĆy BĂłr
2092:Polish Corridor
2025:Duchy of GdaĆsk
1991:
1986:
1981:
1975:
1974:
1966:
1866:
1862:
1860:
1859:
1857:Lauenburg-BĂŒtow
1851:
1770:Pomerania-Stolp
1733:
1732:
1723:
1637:Pomerania-Barth
1612:Pomerania-Stolp
1543:
1530:
1519:
1510:1933–1945
1505:1806–1933
1500:1500–1806
1495:1300–1500
1490:1100–1300
1471:
1466:
1436:
1431:
1422:
1413:
1407:
1392:
1386:
1373:
1367:
1354:
1348:
1335:
1326:
1324:
1312:
1307:
1301:
1288:
1279:
1274:
1270:
1265:
1258:
1253:
1236:
1229:
1216:
1215:
1211:
1204:
1191:
1190:
1186:
1181:
1164:
1159:
1155:
1150:
1129:
1124:
1120:
1115:
1108:
1103:
1088:
1083:
1066:
1061:
1057:
1052:
1048:
1043:
1036:
1031:
1016:
1002:
1001:
997:
992:
988:
983:
979:
974:
965:
960:
947:
942:
933:
928:
924:
919:
910:
906:
879:
844:
755:
703:
697:
532:
501:
500:
499:
498:
488:
487:
486:
478:
477:
459:Edward Thornton
443:
345:Gustav IV Adolf
333:Napoleonic Wars
329:
323:
303:war with Sweden
230:Sixth Coalition
226:Napoleonic Wars
156:
144:
132:
120:
95:14 January 1814
86:Napoleonic Wars
63:
45:
38:
31:
17:
12:
11:
5:
3325:
3323:
3315:
3314:
3309:
3304:
3299:
3294:
3292:1814 in Norway
3289:
3284:
3282:1814 in Sweden
3279:
3274:
3269:
3264:
3259:
3254:
3249:
3244:
3239:
3234:
3224:
3223:
3217:
3216:
3213:
3212:
3209:
3208:
3206:
3205:
3200:
3194:
3188:
3182:
3176:
3170:
3164:
3158:
3152:
3147:
3142:
3136:
3130:
3124:
3118:
3112:
3106:
3100:
3095:
3089:
3083:
3077:
3071:
3065:
3059:
3052:
3050:
3046:
3045:
3043:
3042:
3037:
3032:
3026:
3020:
3014:
3012:Stettin (1653)
3009:
3003:
3001:Stettin (1630)
2998:
2992:
2990:Stettin (1570)
2987:
2981:
2975:
2969:
2963:
2956:
2954:
2950:
2949:
2947:
2946:
2940:
2934:
2929:
2924:
2918:
2916:ĆÄczyca (1433)
2913:
2907:
2901:
2895:
2889:
2883:
2878:
2872:
2867:
2862:
2856:
2850:
2844:
2839:
2833:
2827:
2820:
2818:
2810:
2809:
2806:
2799:
2798:
2795:
2794:
2791:
2790:
2787:
2786:
2784:
2783:
2782:
2781:
2776:
2766:
2761:
2755:
2753:
2747:
2746:
2744:
2743:
2738:
2737:
2736:
2731:
2726:
2721:
2716:
2705:
2703:
2694:
2690:
2689:
2687:
2686:
2681:
2676:
2669:
2663:
2661:
2657:
2656:
2654:
2653:
2648:
2643:
2638:
2633:
2628:
2623:
2618:
2613:
2608:
2603:
2598:
2596:Vistula Veneti
2593:
2588:
2583:
2578:
2573:
2567:
2565:
2561:
2560:
2558:
2557:
2552:
2547:
2542:
2537:
2532:
2527:
2522:
2517:
2512:
2507:
2502:
2497:
2495:Linear Pottery
2492:
2487:
2482:
2476:
2474:
2466:
2465:
2456:
2449:
2448:
2445:
2444:
2441:
2440:
2437:
2436:
2434:
2433:
2428:
2427:
2426:
2421:
2411:
2410:
2409:
2404:
2403:
2402:
2388:
2386:
2382:
2381:
2379:
2378:
2373:
2367:
2366:
2358:
2356:
2349:
2343:
2342:
2339:
2338:
2336:
2335:
2330:
2325:
2320:
2315:
2310:
2305:
2300:
2294:
2292:
2288:
2287:
2285:
2284:
2274:
2269:
2264:
2259:
2254:
2249:
2244:
2239:
2234:
2229:
2221:
2219:
2212:
2210:Roman Catholic
2202:
2201:
2199:Ecclesiastical
2198:
2191:
2190:
2187:
2186:
2183:
2182:
2180:
2179:
2178:
2177:
2172:
2171:
2170:
2160:
2152:
2146:
2141:
2135:
2130:
2125:
2120:
2115:
2110:
2105:
2100:
2095:
2085:
2080:
2075:
2070:
2069:
2068:
2063:
2052:
2047:
2042:
2037:
2032:
2027:
2022:
2021:
2020:
2010:
2005:
1999:
1997:
1988:Tuchola Forest
1968:
1967:
1965:
1964:
1963:
1962:
1954:
1948:
1943:
1938:
1937:
1936:
1926:
1925:
1924:
1914:
1909:
1908:
1907:
1897:
1896:
1895:
1890:
1885:
1874:
1872:
1853:
1852:
1850:
1849:
1848:
1847:
1842:
1834:
1828:
1823:
1818:
1813:
1808:
1807:
1806:
1801:
1796:
1794:Stettin Region
1786:
1785:
1784:
1774:
1773:
1772:
1767:
1762:
1757:
1752:
1747:
1736:
1734:
1728:
1725:
1724:
1722:
1721:
1720:
1719:
1714:
1709:
1701:
1696:
1694:Bezirk Rostock
1691:
1686:
1681:
1676:
1671:
1666:
1665:
1664:
1659:
1654:
1652:Stettin Region
1644:
1639:
1634:
1629:
1624:
1619:
1614:
1609:
1604:
1599:
1594:
1589:
1588:
1587:
1582:
1577:
1572:
1562:
1557:
1555:Northern March
1552:
1546:
1544:
1539:
1532:
1531:
1529:Administrative
1528:
1521:
1520:
1518:
1517:
1512:
1507:
1502:
1497:
1492:
1487:
1485:600–1100
1482:
1476:
1473:
1472:
1467:
1465:
1464:
1457:
1450:
1442:
1435:
1434:External links
1432:
1430:
1429:
1420:
1411:
1405:
1390:
1384:
1371:
1365:
1352:
1346:
1333:
1305:
1299:
1285:
1278:
1277:
1268:
1256:
1234:
1227:
1209:
1202:
1184:
1162:
1153:
1127:
1118:
1106:
1086:
1064:
1055:
1046:
1034:
1014:
995:
986:
977:
963:
945:
931:
922:
907:
905:
902:
901:
900:
898:Norway in 1814
895:
890:
885:
878:
875:
843:
840:
754:
751:
699:Main article:
696:
693:
669:personal union
531:
528:
490:
489:
480:
479:
471:
470:
469:
468:
467:
442:
439:
353:Russian Empire
337:DenmarkâNorway
322:
319:
174:Treaty of Kiel
168:
167:
162:
158:
157:
155:
154:
142:
140:DenmarkâNorway
130:
117:
115:
111:
110:
101:
97:
96:
93:
89:
88:
79:
75:
74:
69:
65:
64:
61:
53:
52:
20:Treaty of Kiel
15:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
3324:
3313:
3310:
3308:
3305:
3303:
3300:
3298:
3295:
3293:
3290:
3288:
3285:
3283:
3280:
3278:
3275:
3273:
3270:
3268:
3267:1814 treaties
3265:
3263:
3260:
3258:
3255:
3253:
3250:
3248:
3245:
3243:
3240:
3238:
3235:
3233:
3230:
3229:
3227:
3204:
3201:
3198:
3195:
3192:
3189:
3186:
3183:
3180:
3177:
3174:
3171:
3168:
3167:Two Plus Four
3165:
3162:
3159:
3156:
3153:
3151:
3150:Warsaw (1970)
3148:
3146:
3145:Moscow (1970)
3143:
3140:
3137:
3134:
3131:
3128:
3125:
3122:
3119:
3116:
3113:
3110:
3107:
3104:
3101:
3099:
3096:
3093:
3090:
3087:
3084:
3081:
3078:
3075:
3072:
3069:
3066:
3063:
3062:Frederiksborg
3060:
3058:(1719 / 1720)
3057:
3054:
3053:
3051:
3047:
3041:
3038:
3036:
3033:
3030:
3027:
3024:
3021:
3018:
3015:
3013:
3010:
3007:
3004:
3002:
2999:
2996:
2993:
2991:
2988:
2985:
2982:
2979:
2976:
2973:
2970:
2967:
2964:
2961:
2958:
2957:
2955:
2951:
2944:
2941:
2938:
2935:
2933:
2930:
2928:
2927:Soldin (1466)
2925:
2922:
2919:
2917:
2914:
2911:
2908:
2905:
2902:
2899:
2896:
2893:
2890:
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2884:
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2879:
2876:
2873:
2871:
2868:
2866:
2863:
2860:
2857:
2854:
2851:
2848:
2845:
2843:
2842:Soldin (1309)
2840:
2837:
2834:
2831:
2828:
2825:
2822:
2821:
2819:
2815:
2811:
2804:
2800:
2780:
2777:
2775:
2772:
2771:
2770:
2767:
2765:
2762:
2760:
2757:
2756:
2754:
2752:
2748:
2742:
2739:
2735:
2732:
2730:
2727:
2725:
2722:
2720:
2717:
2715:
2712:
2711:
2710:
2707:
2706:
2704:
2702:
2701:West Germanic
2698:
2695:
2691:
2685:
2682:
2680:
2677:
2675:
2674:
2670:
2668:
2665:
2664:
2662:
2658:
2652:
2649:
2647:
2644:
2642:
2639:
2637:
2634:
2632:
2629:
2627:
2624:
2622:
2619:
2617:
2614:
2612:
2609:
2607:
2604:
2602:
2599:
2597:
2594:
2592:
2589:
2587:
2584:
2582:
2579:
2577:
2574:
2572:
2569:
2568:
2566:
2562:
2556:
2553:
2551:
2548:
2546:
2543:
2541:
2538:
2536:
2533:
2531:
2528:
2526:
2523:
2521:
2518:
2516:
2513:
2511:
2508:
2506:
2503:
2501:
2498:
2496:
2493:
2491:
2488:
2486:
2483:
2481:
2478:
2477:
2475:
2471:
2467:
2463:
2459:
2454:
2450:
2432:
2429:
2425:
2422:
2420:
2417:
2416:
2415:
2412:
2408:
2405:
2400:
2399:
2398:
2395:
2394:
2393:
2390:
2389:
2387:
2383:
2377:
2374:
2372:
2369:
2368:
2365:
2364:
2360:
2359:
2357:
2353:
2350:
2348:
2344:
2334:
2331:
2329:
2326:
2324:
2321:
2319:
2316:
2314:
2311:
2309:
2306:
2304:
2301:
2299:
2296:
2295:
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2275:
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2222:
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2216:
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2211:
2207:
2203:
2196:
2192:
2176:
2173:
2169:
2166:
2165:
2164:
2161:
2159:
2156:
2155:
2154:Contemporary
2153:
2150:
2147:
2145:
2142:
2139:
2136:
2134:
2131:
2129:
2126:
2124:
2121:
2119:
2116:
2114:
2111:
2109:
2106:
2104:
2101:
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2096:
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2089:
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2084:
2081:
2079:
2076:
2074:
2071:
2067:
2064:
2062:
2059:
2058:
2056:
2055:Royal Prussia
2053:
2051:
2048:
2046:
2043:
2041:
2038:
2036:
2033:
2031:
2028:
2026:
2023:
2019:
2016:
2015:
2014:
2011:
2009:
2006:
2004:
2001:
2000:
1998:
1994:
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182:Kieltraktaten
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41:Freden i Kiel
35:
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27:Kieltraktaten
23:
3079:
2886:Thorn, First
2714:Low Prussian
2671:
2515:Comb Ceramic
2500:Funnelbeaker
2462:anthropology
2361:
2279:with see in
2224:
2078:West Prussia
1993:CheĆmno Land
1424:
1415:
1395:
1375:
1356:
1337:
1325:. Retrieved
1323:(4): 433â441
1320:
1316:
1290:
1282:Bibliography
1281:
1280:
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746:
743:un-Norwegian
742:
738:
730:Claus Pavels
719:
655:
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609:
566:
543:
524:
517:
509:
502:
465:on 7 April.
444:
418:
383:
330:
283:constitution
280:
256:Charles XIII
238:
201:
185:
173:
171:
72:Peace treaty
3040:Lund (1679)
2853:UeckermĂŒnde
2751:West Slavic
2673:Ostsiedlung
2651:Slovincians
2510:Corded Ware
2485:Maglemosian
1712:Brandenburg
893:Scandinavia
820:East Frisia
722:Christiania
625:Kongsvinger
621:Fredrikstad
617:Fredriksten
539:Wetterstedt
520:slave trade
494:(left) and
402:Finnish War
84:during the
3312:George III
3226:Categories
3103:Versailles
3006:Westphalia
2779:Slovincian
2769:Pomeranian
2709:Low German
2641:Kashubians
2535:Pomeranian
2458:Demography
2355:Historical
2347:Protestant
2218:Historical
2057:1466â1793
2018:Samborides
1893:Partitions
1765:Partitions
1585:Partitions
904:References
762:Hardenberg
647:University
512:Napoleonic
505:Heligoland
325:See also:
321:Background
297:after the
244:Heligoland
198:Kielfreden
3139:Zgorzelec
3056:Stockholm
2995:Franzburg
2904:Perleberg
2774:Kashubian
2631:Velunzani
2591:Vidivarii
2505:Havelland
2283:1945â1972
2151:1975â1998
2140:1975â1998
1972:Pomerelia
1953:1975â1998
1869:Pomerelia
1833:1975â1998
863:The Hague
734:ceasefire
728:wrote to
597:Greenland
585:Trondheim
416:in 1807.
264:Greenland
194:Norwegian
2978:Augsburg
2972:Grimnitz
2937:Prenzlau
2807:Treaties
2759:Polabian
2606:Prissani
2545:Wielbark
2525:Lusatian
1983:Kociewie
1978:Kashubia
877:See also
811:and the
714:Eidsvoll
629:Akershus
603:and the
593:Finnmark
589:Nordland
581:Akershus
548:and the
463:Brussels
449:and the
430:Silesian
355:against
351:and the
339:and the
315:Storting
270:and the
212:and the
161:Language
100:Location
3133:Potsdam
2847:Templin
2824:Kremmen
2581:Lemovii
2564:Peoples
2540:Oksywie
2530:Jastorf
2480:Hamburg
1580:GĂŒtzkow
1327:19 June
807:), the
673:Hamburg
601:Iceland
422:Hamburg
400:in the
394:Finland
309:at the
295:Prussia
268:Iceland
190:Swedish
114:Parties
78:Context
48:Swedish
3199:(1996)
3193:(1993)
3187:(1991)
3181:(1991)
3175:(1990)
3169:(1990)
3163:(1989)
3157:(1975)
3141:(1951)
3135:(1945)
3129:(1939)
3123:(1933)
3117:(1929)
3111:(1925)
3105:(1919)
3094:(1866)
3088:(1815)
3086:Vienna
3082:(1814)
3076:(1807)
3074:Tilsit
3064:(1720)
3031:(1660)
3025:(1657)
3019:(1656)
3017:Labiau
3008:(1648)
2997:(1627)
2986:(1569)
2984:Lublin
2980:(1555)
2974:(1529)
2968:(1525)
2966:KrakĂłw
2962:(1521)
2945:(1493)
2943:Pyritz
2923:(1435)
2912:(1427)
2906:(1427)
2900:(1422)
2894:(1415)
2888:(1411)
2877:(1390)
2875:Pyzdry
2861:(1343)
2859:Kalisz
2855:(1327)
2849:(1317)
2838:(1282)
2832:(1250)
2830:Landin
2826:(1236)
2764:Polish
2626:Lutici
2621:Veleti
2616:Ukrani
2571:Gepids
2550:Gustow
2385:Extant
2291:Extant
1755:Cammin
1403:
1382:
1363:
1344:
1317:Arctic
1297:
1225:
1200:
832:talers
799:, the
683:, the
679:, the
577:Bergen
234:France
178:Danish
165:French
152:Sweden
92:Signed
44:
34:Danish
30:
3029:Oliva
2960:Thorn
2898:Melno
2836:KÄpno
2646:Poles
2586:Rugii
2576:Goths
1313:(PDF)
1007:[
853:(red)
824:Emden
822:with
184:) or
3277:Kiel
3080:Kiel
2611:Rani
2460:and
1401:ISBN
1380:ISBN
1361:ISBN
1342:ISBN
1329:2010
1295:ISBN
1223:ISBN
1198:ISBN
791:the
716:1814
627:and
591:and
583:and
396:and
222:Kiel
192:and
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104:Kiel
68:Type
1867:or
861:in
775:to
712:at
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246:to
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1985:,
1980:,
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