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72:, one of Tao's most frequently used metaphors is that of the pine tree: symbol of ability to withstand the adversity of cold winds, to withstand the adversity of frosts, nevertheless retaining its own essential character: a situation which can be compared with that of certain persons of metaphorically similar character.
116:
The 'three friends in winter' is a motif frequently seen in
Chinese art. The motif consists of pines, bamboos, and plum trees or else plum trees and a stone. The symbolism is that of longevity, constancy, and flowering during winter, before it is yet spring. In Chinese cultural symbology, this motif
46:, the cassia, and certain as yet unidentified trees. Mythological ideas about trees also extends to various types of fungi which lived or were thought to live underneath certain of these trees, collecting their mysterious essences.
320:
458:, translation Josey Shun and Bhikshuni Heng Yin, "Lectures on Tao Yuanming's Poems", a series of lectures at Gold Buddha Monastery, Canada (lecture tapes were transcribed by Tu Xiaoli, An Yi, and Yang Aidi)
60:
The pine, cypress, and fir are linked by being similar evergreens. Old pine trees are much admired and venerated. Some examples of
Chinese cultural symbology can be found in the poetry of
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84:. All three of these plants are important in Chinese symbolism. Their symbolism and importance is unknown and therefore unable to be put on this page.
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is considered suitable to send to those who are poor or lonely. The three friends of winter motif is known as early as the Song dynasty work the
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to mythological attributions to such well-known trees, such as the pine, the cypress, the plum and other types of prunus, the
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Porcelain bowl: the peaches symbolize longevity and health, the bats add the idea of good luck and happiness.
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The Fusang tree appears as a more mythological tree, although sometimes claimed to be just like some kind of
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460:"Vajra Bhodi Sea: A Monthly Journal of Orthodox Buddhism" No.376, September 2001
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Chinese terms related to trees in
Chinese mythology and cultural symbology:
39:
535:
A Dictionary of
Chinese Symbols: Hidden Symbols in Chinese Life and Thought
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Pine (sometimes also used for similar evergreen conifers, such as fir): (
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and culture tend to range from more-or-less mythological such as the
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Xi Wangmu on a Qing dynasty porcelain plate, beneath a flowering
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The peach, pear, and plum are linked by being in the genus
121:(霽山集), or, in English, the "Clear Mountain Collection" by
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http://www.npm.gov.tw/exh91/3friends/english/infor.htm
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1146:Notes of the Thatched Abode of Close Observations
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561:. Vol. IV. Kessinger Publishing.
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1092:Strange Tales from a Chinese Studio
694:Three Sovereigns and Five Emperors
25:
1113:What the Master Would Not Discuss
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1178:The Cowherd and the Weaver Girl
1171:Dong Yong and the Seventh Fairy
537:. London, New York: Routledge.
1139:Records of the Grand Historian
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1106:In Search of the Supernatural
1022:Classic of Mountains and Seas
558:The Religious System of China
477:"Peach", "Plum", and "Pear".
125:(林景熙), who lived 1242–1310.
56:Pine § Chinese culture
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260:Three Friends in Winter: (
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28:Trees in Chinese mythology
18:Trees in Chinese mythology
1192:Mulian Rescues His Mother
1164:Legend of the White Snake
361:, for general information
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68:(365?–427). According to
1064:The Peach Blossom Spring
1185:The Magic Lotus Lantern
1078:Investiture of the Gods
392:Three Friends of Winter
112:Three Friends of Winter
106:Three Friends in Winter
1000:Peaches of Immortality
825:Chinese guardian lions
748:Mythological creatures
375:Peaches of Immortality
50:Pine, cypress, and fir
36:Peaches of Immortality
1085:The Sorcerer's Revolt
673:Chinese folk religion
505:"Friends, the Three".
76:Peach, pear, and plum
54:Further information:
633:Godly world concepts
1099:Journey to the West
442:, p. 237–238,
272:traditional Chinese
1219:Trees in mythology
1120:Heavenly Questions
934:Gate of the Ghosts
689:Gods and immortals
653:Gods and immortals
553:de Groot, J. J. M.
430:, p. 296–306.
398:Wolfiporia extensa
262:simplified Chinese
1201:
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1071:The Four Journeys
614:Chinese mythology
568:978-0-7661-3354-9
531:Eberhard, Wolfram
359:Chinese mythology
16:(Redirected from
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1156:Other folk tales
886:Nine-headed Bird
881:Peng (mythology)
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755:Four Symbols
572:. Retrieved
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1057:Shenyi Jing
871:Four Perils
770:White Tiger
719:Yan Emperor
290:) or just (
1208:Categories
974:Weak River
866:Fox spirit
524:References
137:Cypress: (
123:Lin Jingxi
1132:Huainanzi
1029:Shi Yi Ji
969:Red River
819:Huli jing
797:Fenghuang
638:Astrology
555:(2003) .
533:(2003) .
404:Xi Wangmu
370:Ink stick
158:Fusang: (
40:Xi Wangmu
802:Yinglong
709:Shennong
348:See also
179:Peach: (
129:Glossary
119:Jishanji
100:mulberry
1036:Bowuzhi
964:Penglai
954:Longmen
902:more...
856:Wuzhiqi
832:(Bixie)
729:Chang'e
704:Youchao
643:Dragons
574:7 April
446:"Pine".
380:Penghou
313:Gallery
292:Chinese
241:Chinese
223:Chinese
221:Plum: (
202:Chinese
181:Chinese
173:Fú Sāng
160:Chinese
139:Chinese
1124:Chu Ci
1005:Xirang
939:Fusang
919:Buzhou
912:Places
891:Tianma
851:Xiezhi
846:Hundun
841:Horses
734:Hou Yi
724:Chiyou
668:Ghosts
565:
541:
409:Yu Shi
354:Bamboo
340:prunus
305:sānyǒu
302::
300:pinyin
294::
284::
282:pinyin
274::
264::
251::
249:pinyin
243::
239:) or (
233::
231:pinyin
225::
212::
210:pinyin
204::
191::
189:pinyin
183::
170::
168:pinyin
162::
149::
147:pinyin
141::
94:Fusang
88:Fusang
82:Prunus
44:jujube
32:Fusang
988:Items
979:Youdu
861:Yeren
830:Pixiu
792:Qilin
739:Kuafu
663:Pangu
415:Notes
64:poet
924:Diyu
836:Nian
814:Bixi
658:Tian
576:2020
563:ISBN
539:ISBN
342:tree
277:歲寒三友
267:岁寒三友
215:sōng
503:sub
475:sub
444:sub
254:méi
194:táo
152:bǎi
1210::
995:Gu
473:,
298:;
296:三友
280:;
270:;
247:;
236:lǐ
229:;
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187:;
166:;
164:扶桑
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245:梅
227:李
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206:松
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185:桃
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143:柏
20:)
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