338:
card from the deck, the one with the highest card becomes the dealer and passes five cards face down to everyone. The remaining 32 cards form the stock. The dealer then turns up a card from the stock, the suit of that card will be the trump suit. An optional rule is that the player with the Ace of trumps gets to exchange the exposed card with one from his hand. He can do the same with the remainder of the stock taking any trumps until he exposes a non-trump. This is called robbing the stock. If the dealer exposes an ace as the trump, then he gets the right to rob the stock. The current dealer picks the next dealer out of the opposing team.
201:, if devoid of that suit then they can play trumps or a card from another suit. Players with a weak hand can concede at any time and force a redeal but this is considered losing that particular hand. This game was used for gambling with players raising stakes before each trick. Each card is worth 1 point and points are counted after each trick, if a side neglects to add points then they are not counted. The side that wins a hand gets their points for that particular hand doubled. The first side to obtain 32 points wins.
247:(1586). Like Vives and Maldonado, the game is described in a dialogue. He describes a four-player partnership game where the one who cuts the highest card becomes the dealer. Twelve cards are commonly dealt counterclockwise to each player but his characters opt for a shorter game of nine cards. The dealer cuts the stock to reveal the trump suit. The player who holds the ace of trumps gets to rob the stock. Only trumps have value. Kings are high and worth 6, queens 4, jacks 2, and all other trumps 1. Players
29:
1685:
1159:
133:, triomphe randomly selects one of the existing four suits as trumps. Another common feature of this game is the robbing of the stock. Triomphe became so popular that during the 16th century the earlier game of trionfi was gradually renamed tarocchi, tarot, or tarock. This game is the origin of the English word "trump" and is the ancestor of many
181:. As he left Spain in 1509 never to return, the rules may date to his youth. However the game was already widespread by then. In 1541, Juan Maldonado (d. 1554) expanded on Vives's rules and later revised them in 1549. Both Vives and Maldonado described the rules in the form of dialogues between the players. It is an ancestor of
342:
leading to the next one. All players must follow suit if possible. Trumps must be used if void of the trick's suit. If the next player is also void, then she must over-trump if possible. If void in suit and trumps, then any card can be played but won't win. Since there are only 20 cards in play, any attempt to cheat by
337:
Though
Triomphe can be traced back to the 1480s in France, the earliest surviving rules date to 1659. French Triomphe was played by four players divided into two partnerships with a 52-card deck. The order of the cards from highest to lowest is King, Queen, Jack, Ace, 10, 9 ... 2. Each player takes a
192:
but Vives uses a French deck by discarding the 10s. In the suit of clubs and swords, the ranking from highest to lowest is King, Knight, Jack, 9 ... Ace while in the suit of cups and coins it is King, Knight, Jack, Ace ... 9. In the trump suit, the Ace is promoted above the King. Partners are chosen
320:
Aces are high and deuces are low. Each player takes a card from the deck; the lowest becomes the dealer. The dealer passes out nine cards to each player with the remaining cards forming the stock. The dealer exposes one card from the stock which will be the trump suit. If the dealer exposes an ace,
341:
The object of each hand is to win at least three tricks. Winning three or four tricks awards one point while winning all five tricks is worth two points. The first team to get five points wins the game. The eldest to the right of the dealer sets the first trick's suit with the winner of each trick
289:
order: K Q Kn A 10 9 7 6 5 4 3 2. If the dealer turns up the Ace as trumps, the dealer may 'ruff' (exchange) it with another card and, if agreed, may also exchange with the next card of the stock if it is a trump, continuing to exchange as long as trumps appear and laying out the cards discarded.
293:
Players must follow suit or trump and overtrump if unable to follow; only discarding if unable to follow suit or trump. Winning three or four tricks scores 1 point, winning five tricks scores 5. If players agree, there are penalty points for incorrect dealing (1) or revoking (1 or 2). A player
284:
is used. They describe a game for two players or two teams of two or three players-a-side. Players cut for the deal and the player cutting the highest or lowest card, as pre-agreed, deals 5 cards each in packets of 2 and 3, before turning the next as trumps. Cards rank in
193:
by drawing cards from the deck with the two highest and the two lowest going together. They sit opposite of one another. Each player is dealt nine cards with the top card of the remaining stock of 12 flipped to reveal the trump suit. If the exposed card is an Ace or a
321:
he can exchange a worthless card for it. He can do the same with the remainder of the stock taking any trumps until he exposes a non-trump. The highest trump cards are fixed: the Ace of Hearts, the King of
Diamonds, the Queen of Spades, and the Jack of Clubs.
324:
The object of each hand is to capture cards with the most points. Aces are worth four, kings three, queens two, and jacks one; in total there should be 40 points. If a player achieves a slam (winning all the tricks), he will get 80 points. It was thus a
115:, is a card game dating from the late 15th century. It most likely originated in France or Spain (as triunfo) and later spread to the rest of Europe. When the game arrived in Italy, it shared a similar name with the pre-existing game and deck known as
365:
Triomphe de
Toulouse: "one may not rob in this game"; the partners, sitting side by side may communicate with one another and choose, without speaking, which cards to play.
1014:
375:, and undertake to make 3 tricks. Any other player may "contre" this and double the game. The declarer, on winning, sweeps the pool; on losing, "makes the bĂȘte (
1709:
970:
1718:
1700:
986:
301:(right of the dealer) leads to the first trick. However, it is not clear from what source these clarifications or changes are drawn from.
940:
777:
1742:
1691:
317:
were recorded in both French and German (as TrĂŒmpfspiel) in 1637. Its rules are similar to the Dutch game of
Troeven ("Trumps").
925:
1000:
1243:
887:
D.L.M. (1654). La maison des jeux académique. 1st edn. Paris : Robert de Nain and Marin Leché. Picquet, Hoc, Guerre.
1007:
1359:
1183:
533:
According to
Parlett 'ruff' appears to have meant robbing the stock which makes sense in the games bearing this name.
586:
297:
Gambiter assumes that winning 5 tricks is only worth 2 points and that game is 5. Play is anti-clockwise and
1143:
1108:
391:
de 1659 ; la BĂȘte (under this name) was very successful in Europe, especially
Germany (where it became
251:
before trick-taking takes place. The game is abruptly interrupted, leaving the rest of the rules a mystery.
197:, the dealer has the right to exchange it for a card in his hand and get awarded three points. Players must
1283:
1253:
1529:
1484:
1313:
1128:
1103:
830:
276:
189:
1038:
470:
1747:
1509:
1369:
1303:
1298:
1223:
420:
227:
1479:
1459:
1379:
1338:
1278:
406:
222:
188:
The game is played by four players either individually or as partners. Maldonado uses a pack of 48
28:
1193:
423:, a variant that appeared in the mid-17th century; same rules as Triomphe (5 cards each), but the
1293:
1073:
458:
281:
130:
952:
1384:
1323:
982:
1669:
1550:
1489:
1248:
1093:
1058:
966:
948:
763:
670:
479:(Ă cinq): resembles Mouche closely, especially popular in the countryside in the 19th century.
314:
248:
134:
835:
653:
431:, which earns extra points; like basic Triomphe, the maker must take 3 tricks to win; in the
1138:
666:
622:
497:
326:
158:
154:
150:
1663:
1318:
1123:
1083:
921:
897:
808:
554:
170:
117:
875:
271:, the latter name to distinguish it from the ancestor of Whist and Bridge, English Ruff.
682:
1464:
1419:
1404:
1399:
1148:
1133:
1048:
958:
825:
617:
432:
851:
513:
1736:
1218:
1113:
1088:
847:
756:
751:
646:
641:
572:
440:
350:
260:
1494:
1414:
1268:
1158:
1078:
517:
214:
60:
1444:
286:
142:
1621:
1560:
1504:
1454:
1429:
1409:
1364:
1273:
452:
298:
198:
781:
235:
1607). An incomplete description of "Trumpe" was provided by
Jacques Bellot, a
1534:
1198:
501:
310:
280:, first published in 1674, and reprinted more or less verbatim until 1754. A
1657:
1639:
1627:
1555:
1474:
1449:
1439:
1389:
1308:
1024:
786:
371:: a classic French game, where players bid to be the declarer, the "Man" or
194:
157:, perhaps one of the earliest of its type; later, the name was applied to a
721:
379:), i.e. doubles the pool. The rules are first described by Daniel Martin,
1647:
1635:
1617:
1586:
1570:
1519:
1514:
1469:
1434:
1424:
1328:
1288:
1098:
1043:
416:
236:
992:
906:
also, at a card-play to hold, or vndertake, the game, as well as another
294:
playing out of turn incurs 1 penalty point unless it is the last trick.
1651:
1596:
1524:
1499:
1333:
1238:
1213:
1208:
1188:
1118:
863:
521:
509:
368:
42:
1643:
1631:
1601:
1394:
1263:
1258:
1233:
1228:
1203:
1178:
1173:
1063:
505:
476:
343:
138:
1591:
1565:
1374:
1068:
290:
This 'robbery' was known as 'ruffing' hence the name of the game.
182:
178:
146:
126:
217:
referred to the game of "Triumph" in 1529. The game is played in
349:
Since the 18th century, the game has been played with a 32-card
240:
996:
575:
at Le Tarot
Cultural Association. Retrieved 17 February 2017.
33:
The suit of Spades from a French pack, ranking as in
Triomphe
461:, Triomphe with stakes anted by each player to the pot (the
943:(2005). "Playing the Game: The Benelux Games of Trumps" in
129:). While trionfi has a fifth suit that acts as permanent
878:(French) at jeux-de-cartes. Retrieved 17 February 2017.
602:
Maldonado, Juan; Smith, Warren; Colahan, Clark (2009).
153:). The earliest known description of Triomphe was of a
121:; probably resulting in the latter becoming renamed as
427:
J (Pamphile) is the highest card; a 5-card flush is a
263:, the French game of Triomphe was known in England as
620:(1988). "Juan Maldonado: A Writer to be Remembered".
591:. London: J.M. Dent & Company. pp. 185â197.
1610:
1579:
1543:
1352:
1166:
1031:
361:Triomphe generated a number of variants including:
98:
90:
82:
74:
66:
56:
48:
38:
904:(Londres, 1611) : "Faire. Faire le contre.
755:
645:
606:. Leuven: Leuven University Press. pp. 23â59.
169:The earliest surviving description was written by
346:is easily caught and the culprit loses the game.
896:The "contre" is mentioned for the first time by
451:; in northern Germany, Lenterlu, Lenterspiel or
902:A dictionarie of the French and English tongues
604:Spanish Humanism on the Verge of the Picaresque
1008:
8:
762:. Oxford: Oxford University Press. pp.
726:at gambiter.com. Retrieved 19 December 2020.
685:at jducoeur.org. Retrieved 17 February 2017.
652:. Oxford: Oxford University Press. pp.
16:
1015:
1001:
993:
27:
585:Vives, Juan Luis; Foster, Watson (1908).
815:. Naples: Bibliopolis. pp. 158â160.
546:
489:
411:La maison academique contenant les jeux
389:La maison academique contenant les jeux
866:(French) at Académie des jeux oubliés.
524:. It dates to the earliest card games.
385:Les Colloques françois & allemands
329:, probably one of the earliest known.
15:
7:
465:), which the winner claims; rules lâ
111:(French for triumph), once known as
221:, a comedy written around 1553 and
683:Familiar Dialogues (excerpt, 1586)
573:Triumphs, Trionfini and Trionfetti
496:This ranking can also be found in
14:
987:Francis Willughby's Book of Games
409:, similar to BĂȘte (rules also in
1684:
1683:
1157:
561:. London: Duckworth. p. 84.
403:, the game where one "contre'd".
387:, Strasbourg, 1627, but also in
947:33 (2). October/December 2004.
383:, Strasbourg, 1626 ; Id.,
963:The Penguin Book of Card Games
758:The Oxford Guide to Card Games
648:The Oxford Guide to Card Games
313:when it was still part of the
274:The rules are only known from
1:
937:. 8th edn. London: J. Hodges.
852:Euchre:Five-trick trump games
424:
1710:Patience and solitaire games
854:. Retrieved 9 December 2016.
673:. Retrieved 30 January 2018.
1719:Tarot and Tarock card games
1701:Non trick-taking card games
1360:Belle, Flux et Trente-et-Un
1244:GĂ©, Point, Flux et Sequence
1184:Belle, Flux et Trente-et-Un
712:Johnson (1754), pp. 214/215
381:Colloques ou devis françois
243:residing in London, in his
225:also mentioned the game in
175:Exercitatio linguae latinae
52:Trump, Triumph, French ruff
1764:
703:Cotton (1674), pp. 121/122
1679:
1155:
933:Johnson, Charles (1754).
26:
21:
876:RĂšgle du jeu de Triomphe
836:reprint of 1674 original
1743:15th-century card games
1692:Trick-taking card games
1064:Hannikin canst abide it
736:Martin, Daniel (1637).
22:A very early trump game
694:Parlett (2008), p. 106
667:Gammer Gurton's Needle
435:, the game was called
309:Incomplete rules from
219:Gammer Gurton's Needle
935:The Compleat Gamester
927:The Compleat Gamester
831:The Compleat Gamester
588:Tudor School-Boy Life
277:The Compleat Gamester
190:Spanish playing cards
983:Ruff and Trump rules
249:declare their trumps
228:Antony and Cleopatra
965:, Penguin, London.
813:Il Mondo e l'angelo
223:William Shakespeare
18:
1074:Laugh and lie down
282:French-suited pack
245:Familiar Dialogues
135:trick-taking games
94:K Q J A 10 9 8 7 6
1730:
1729:
971:978-0-141-03787-5
738:Parlement nouveau
671:Project Gutenberg
559:The Game of Tarot
315:Holy Roman Empire
106:
105:
49:Alternative names
1755:
1723:
1717:
1714:
1708:
1705:
1699:
1696:
1690:
1687:
1686:
1279:Homme d'Auvergne
1161:
1139:Ruff and honours
1017:
1010:
1003:
994:
945:The Playing-Card
909:
894:
888:
885:
879:
873:
867:
861:
855:
845:
839:
823:
817:
816:
809:Dummett, Michael
805:
799:
798:
796:
794:
774:
768:
767:
761:
748:
742:
741:
733:
727:
719:
713:
710:
704:
701:
695:
692:
686:
680:
674:
664:
658:
657:
651:
638:
632:
631:
623:The Playing-Card
614:
608:
607:
599:
593:
592:
582:
576:
571:Vitali, Andrea.
569:
563:
562:
555:Dummett, Michael
551:
534:
531:
525:
494:
426:
407:Homme d'Auvergne
327:point-trick game
159:plain-trick game
155:point-trick game
151:Ruff and Honours
31:
19:
1763:
1762:
1758:
1757:
1756:
1754:
1753:
1752:
1733:
1732:
1731:
1726:
1721:
1715:
1712:
1706:
1703:
1697:
1694:
1688:
1675:
1606:
1575:
1539:
1348:
1319:Quarante de Roi
1162:
1153:
1089:My sow's pigged
1027:
1021:
979:
922:Cotton, Charles
918:
913:
912:
898:Randle Cotgrave
895:
891:
886:
882:
874:
870:
862:
858:
846:
842:
826:Cotton, Charles
824:
820:
807:
806:
802:
792:
790:
776:
775:
771:
750:
749:
745:
735:
734:
730:
720:
716:
711:
707:
702:
698:
693:
689:
681:
677:
665:
661:
640:
639:
635:
618:Pratesi, Franco
616:
615:
611:
601:
600:
596:
584:
583:
579:
570:
566:
553:
552:
548:
543:
538:
537:
532:
528:
495:
491:
486:
359:
335:
307:
257:
212:
207:
177:around 1538 in
171:Juan Luis Vives
167:
91:Rank (highâlow)
86:English pattern
34:
12:
11:
5:
1761:
1759:
1751:
1750:
1745:
1735:
1734:
1728:
1727:
1725:
1724:
1680:
1677:
1676:
1674:
1673:
1667:
1661:
1655:
1625:
1614:
1612:
1608:
1607:
1605:
1604:
1599:
1594:
1589:
1583:
1581:
1577:
1576:
1574:
1573:
1568:
1563:
1558:
1553:
1547:
1545:
1541:
1540:
1538:
1537:
1532:
1527:
1522:
1517:
1512:
1507:
1502:
1497:
1492:
1487:
1482:
1477:
1472:
1470:Fett und Mager
1467:
1462:
1457:
1452:
1447:
1442:
1437:
1432:
1427:
1422:
1417:
1412:
1407:
1402:
1400:Fett und Mager
1397:
1392:
1387:
1382:
1377:
1372:
1367:
1362:
1356:
1354:
1350:
1349:
1347:
1346:
1341:
1336:
1331:
1326:
1321:
1316:
1311:
1306:
1301:
1296:
1291:
1286:
1281:
1276:
1271:
1266:
1261:
1256:
1251:
1246:
1241:
1236:
1231:
1226:
1221:
1216:
1211:
1206:
1201:
1196:
1191:
1186:
1181:
1176:
1170:
1168:
1164:
1163:
1156:
1154:
1152:
1151:
1149:Wit and reason
1146:
1141:
1136:
1134:Queen Nazarene
1131:
1126:
1121:
1116:
1111:
1106:
1101:
1096:
1091:
1086:
1081:
1076:
1071:
1066:
1061:
1056:
1051:
1049:Costly colours
1046:
1041:
1035:
1033:
1029:
1028:
1022:
1020:
1019:
1012:
1005:
997:
991:
990:
978:
977:External links
975:
974:
973:
959:Parlett, David
956:
938:
931:
930:. London: A.M.
917:
914:
911:
910:
889:
880:
868:
856:
848:Parlett, David
840:
818:
800:
769:
752:Parlett, David
743:
728:
714:
705:
696:
687:
675:
659:
642:Parlett, David
633:
609:
594:
577:
564:
545:
544:
542:
539:
536:
535:
526:
488:
487:
485:
482:
481:
480:
474:
456:
433:Dutch Republic
414:
404:
366:
358:
355:
334:
331:
306:
303:
256:
253:
211:
208:
206:
203:
166:
163:
104:
103:
100:
96:
95:
92:
88:
87:
84:
80:
79:
76:
72:
71:
68:
64:
63:
58:
54:
53:
50:
46:
45:
40:
36:
35:
32:
24:
23:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1760:
1749:
1746:
1744:
1741:
1740:
1738:
1720:
1711:
1702:
1693:
1682:
1681:
1678:
1671:
1668:
1665:
1662:
1659:
1656:
1653:
1649:
1645:
1641:
1637:
1633:
1629:
1626:
1623:
1619:
1616:
1615:
1613:
1609:
1603:
1600:
1598:
1595:
1593:
1590:
1588:
1585:
1584:
1582:
1578:
1572:
1569:
1567:
1564:
1562:
1559:
1557:
1554:
1552:
1549:
1548:
1546:
1542:
1536:
1533:
1531:
1528:
1526:
1523:
1521:
1518:
1516:
1513:
1511:
1508:
1506:
1503:
1501:
1498:
1496:
1493:
1491:
1488:
1486:
1483:
1481:
1478:
1476:
1473:
1471:
1468:
1466:
1463:
1461:
1458:
1456:
1453:
1451:
1448:
1446:
1443:
1441:
1438:
1436:
1433:
1431:
1428:
1426:
1423:
1421:
1418:
1416:
1413:
1411:
1408:
1406:
1403:
1401:
1398:
1396:
1393:
1391:
1388:
1386:
1383:
1381:
1378:
1376:
1373:
1371:
1368:
1366:
1363:
1361:
1358:
1357:
1355:
1351:
1345:
1342:
1340:
1337:
1335:
1332:
1330:
1327:
1325:
1322:
1320:
1317:
1315:
1312:
1310:
1307:
1305:
1302:
1300:
1297:
1295:
1292:
1290:
1287:
1285:
1282:
1280:
1277:
1275:
1272:
1270:
1267:
1265:
1262:
1260:
1257:
1255:
1252:
1250:
1247:
1245:
1242:
1240:
1237:
1235:
1232:
1230:
1227:
1225:
1222:
1220:
1219:Brusquembille
1217:
1215:
1212:
1210:
1207:
1205:
1202:
1200:
1197:
1195:
1192:
1190:
1187:
1185:
1182:
1180:
1177:
1175:
1172:
1171:
1169:
1165:
1160:
1150:
1147:
1145:
1142:
1140:
1137:
1135:
1132:
1130:
1127:
1125:
1122:
1120:
1117:
1115:
1114:Post and pair
1112:
1110:
1107:
1105:
1102:
1100:
1097:
1095:
1092:
1090:
1087:
1085:
1082:
1080:
1077:
1075:
1072:
1070:
1067:
1065:
1062:
1060:
1057:
1055:
1052:
1050:
1047:
1045:
1042:
1040:
1037:
1036:
1034:
1030:
1026:
1018:
1013:
1011:
1006:
1004:
999:
998:
995:
988:
984:
981:
980:
976:
972:
968:
964:
960:
957:
954:
950:
946:
942:
939:
936:
932:
929:
928:
923:
920:
919:
915:
907:
903:
899:
893:
890:
884:
881:
877:
872:
869:
865:
860:
857:
853:
849:
844:
841:
837:
833:
832:
827:
822:
819:
814:
810:
804:
801:
789:
788:
783:
779:
773:
770:
765:
760:
759:
753:
747:
744:
740:. Strasbourg.
739:
732:
729:
725:
724:
718:
715:
709:
706:
700:
697:
691:
688:
684:
679:
676:
672:
668:
663:
660:
655:
650:
649:
643:
637:
634:
630:(4): 117â121.
629:
625:
624:
619:
613:
610:
605:
598:
595:
590:
589:
581:
578:
574:
568:
565:
560:
556:
550:
547:
540:
530:
527:
523:
519:
515:
511:
507:
503:
499:
493:
490:
483:
478:
475:
472:
468:
464:
460:
457:
454:
450:
446:
442:
441:Great Britain
438:
434:
430:
422:
418:
415:
412:
408:
405:
402:
398:
394:
390:
386:
382:
378:
374:
370:
369:Homme or BĂȘte
367:
364:
363:
362:
356:
354:
352:
351:stripped deck
347:
345:
339:
332:
330:
328:
322:
318:
316:
312:
304:
302:
300:
295:
291:
288:
283:
279:
278:
272:
270:
266:
262:
261:David Parlett
259:According to
254:
252:
250:
246:
242:
238:
234:
230:
229:
224:
220:
216:
209:
205:English rules
204:
202:
200:
196:
191:
186:
184:
180:
176:
172:
165:Spanish rules
164:
162:
160:
156:
152:
148:
144:
140:
136:
132:
128:
124:
120:
119:
114:
110:
101:
97:
93:
89:
85:
81:
77:
73:
69:
65:
62:
59:
55:
51:
47:
44:
41:
37:
30:
25:
20:
1722:}}
1716:{{
1713:}}
1707:{{
1704:}}
1698:{{
1695:}}
1689:{{
1636:Hundertspiel
1425:Hundertspiel
1415:German Tarok
1370:Bierschlauch
1343:
1194:BĂȘte HombrĂ©e
1179:As Qui Court
1079:Losing lodam
1053:
989:(c. 1662-72)
962:
944:
941:McLeod, John
934:
926:
916:Bibliography
905:
901:
892:
883:
871:
859:
843:
829:
821:
812:
803:
791:. Retrieved
785:
778:McLeod, John
772:
757:
746:
737:
731:
722:
717:
708:
699:
690:
678:
662:
647:
636:
627:
621:
612:
603:
597:
587:
580:
567:
558:
549:
529:
518:Unsun Karuta
492:
467:Encyclopédie
466:
462:
448:
444:
436:
428:
410:
400:
396:
393:Labetenspiel
392:
388:
384:
380:
377:fait la bĂȘte
376:
372:
360:
348:
340:
336:
333:French rules
323:
319:
308:
305:German rules
296:
292:
275:
273:
268:
264:
258:
244:
232:
226:
218:
215:Hugh Latimer
213:
187:
174:
168:
122:
116:
112:
108:
107:
61:Trick-taking
1748:Trump group
1561:Primo visto
1505:Scherwenzel
1495:Sansprendre
1465:MĂŒller Matz
1455:Kontraspiel
1430:Juckerspiel
1420:GrobhÀusern
1410:German Solo
1405:FĂŒnfzehnern
1365:Bester Bube
1274:Hoc Mazarin
1144:Speculation
1109:Pope Julius
1054:French ruff
1023:Historical
864:La Triomphe
453:Bester Bube
401:Contraspiel
299:eldest hand
269:French Ruff
255:French Ruff
199:follow suit
113:French ruff
1737:Categories
1666:(Scottish)
1654:(Austrian)
1632:Elfmandeln
1535:Vogelspiel
1530:Trischaken
1199:Bouillotte
1025:card games
955:pp. 91 ff.
793:9 December
782:"Couillon"
766:â265, 337.
541:References
397:Kaufflabet
311:Strasbourg
1672:(Swedish)
1658:Romestecq
1640:Piquesept
1628:Einwerfen
1556:Minchiate
1475:Piquesept
1450:Kauflabet
1445:Karnöffel
1440:Karniffel
1390:Einwerfen
1385:Cinquille
1324:Quintille
1314:Quadrille
1309:Quadrette
1284:Impériale
1254:Guimbarde
1129:Quadrille
1104:Pope Joan
953:0305-2133
787:pagat.com
484:Footnotes
445:Lanterloo
437:Lanterluy
413:de 1659).
195:face card
102:Clockwise
1648:Sticheln
1624:(Polish)
1622:DruĆŒbart
1618:Chapanka
1587:Conquian
1571:Trappola
1520:Sticheln
1515:Spitzeln
1510:Schlauch
1490:RĂŒmpffen
1435:Kaschlan
1375:Brusbart
1344:Triomphe
1329:Reversis
1304:Pamphile
1299:Papillon
1289:Lenterlu
1224:Commerce
1099:Penneech
1044:Bone ace
961:(2008).
811:(1993).
754:(1990).
723:Triomphe
644:(1990).
557:(1980).
429:Lenturlu
421:Pamphile
417:Lenturlu
357:Variants
344:revoking
237:Huguenot
123:Tarocchi
109:Triomphe
78:36 or 52
17:Triomphe
1660:(Dutch)
1652:Tatteln
1597:Primero
1580:Spanish
1544:Italian
1525:Tatteln
1500:Saunigl
1485:RĂ©union
1480:Pollack
1460:Mariage
1380:Cassino
1339:Tontine
1334:Sizette
1239:Emprunt
1214:Brisque
1209:Briscan
1119:Primero
1032:English
924:(1674)
522:Ganjifa
510:Khanhoo
210:Triumph
173:in his
118:trionfi
67:Players
43:England
1644:Skwitz
1602:Rentoy
1395:Elfern
1353:German
1294:Mouche
1234:Culbas
1229:Coucou
1204:Brelan
1174:Ambigu
1167:French
969:
951:
656:, 216.
520:, and
514:Tá» tĂŽm
506:Madiao
477:Bourre
463:mouche
459:Mouche
287:ĂcartĂ©
145:) and
143:ĂcartĂ©
139:Euchre
131:trumps
70:2 or 4
57:Family
39:Origin
1670:Kille
1611:Other
1592:Ombre
1566:Ronfa
1551:Gilet
1249:Gilet
1094:Noddy
1069:Ombre
1059:Gleek
1039:Andro
985:from
498:Tarot
439:, in
373:Homme
265:Trump
239:from
183:Ombre
179:Basel
149:(via
147:Whist
141:(via
137:like
127:tarot
75:Cards
1264:HĂšre
1189:BĂȘte
967:ISBN
949:ISSN
908:. ".
795:2016
471:voir
241:Caen
99:Play
83:Deck
1664:Maw
1269:Hoc
1259:Her
1124:Put
1084:Maw
764:264
669:at
502:Maw
449:Loo
447:or
419:or
399:or
267:or
1739::
1650:,
1646:,
1642:,
1638:,
1634:,
1630:,
1620:,
900:,
850:,
828:,
784:.
780:.
654:54
628:16
626:.
516:,
512:,
508:,
504:,
500:,
443:,
395:,
353:.
233:c.
185:.
161:.
1016:e
1009:t
1002:v
838:)
834:(
797:.
473:)
469:(
455:.
425:âŁ
231:(
125:(
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
