25:
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1964:
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Three days after his inauguration, on 13 December 1983, President Alfonsín signed Decree No. 158, which mandated the initiation of legal proceedings against the nine military officers of the first three juntas, but not the fourth (ruled by
General
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against political dissidents. Opposition to the trial was largely limited to critical commentary by politicians, lawyers, and media figures sympathetic to the dictatorship. Some protest became violent: during the
821:
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This trial, which officially began on 22 April 1985, is so far the only example of such a large scale procedure by a democratic government against a former dictatorial government of the same country in
620:), which lasted from 1976 to 1983. It is so far the only example of such a large scale procedure by a democratic government against a former dictatorial government of the same country in Latin America.
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I wish to waive any claim to originality in closing this indictment. I wish to use a phrase that is not my own, because it already belongs to all the
Argentine people. Your Honors: Never again!
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in 2003, and that same year the
Congress repealed the Full Stop Law. In 2005 the Supreme Court ruled that the 1986 and 1987 laws shielding officers accused of crimes were unconstitutional.
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in
Germany following World War II, and the first to be conducted by a civilian court. It succeeded in prosecuting the crimes of the juntas, which included kidnapping,
969:
On 6 September 2006, Judge
Norberto Oyarbide ruled that the pardons granted by President Menem were unconstitutional. On 25 April 2007, a federal court struck down
781:
phase of the trial, 29 bomb threats were made to several Buenos Aires schools, and a number of bombs were detonated in key government installations, including the
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on April 18, 1983, as well as a secret decree that ordered the destruction of records and other evidence of their past crimes.
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disappeared. A victim of state violence and witness for the prosecution, he was feared dead and has never been found.
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to try former junta members, Alfonsín established a
National Criminal Court of Appeals for the purpose on 14 October.
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39:
33:
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1984:
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708:. The fourth junta, before calling for elections and relinquishing power to the democratic authorities, enacted a
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was established two days later to collect testimonies from thousands of witnesses, and presented 8,960 cases of
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in order to keep them safe and avoid any commercial use. They are kept next to the original text of the
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Prosecutors presented 709 cases, of which 280 were heard. A total of 833 witnesses testified during the
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2014:
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Closing arguments were heard on
September 18. Chief prosecutor Strassera concluded by declaring that:
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of 1982. Charges against 600 others were brought to court, but these lawsuits were hampered by the
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of 1986, which limited suits to those indicted within 60 days of the law's enactment, and the
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The Trial of the Juntas began on 22 April 1985, during the presidential administration of
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of 1987, which effectively halted most remaining trials of Dirty War perpetrators.
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presidential pardon and restored his convictions for human rights abuses.
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phase, which lasted until 14 August. Witnesses included former
President
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The dictatorship was a series of several military governments under four
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pardoned the men who had been sentenced or court-martialed. President
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1206:- Presidential decree that mandated the prosecution of the juntas.
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to the president on 20 September 1984. Following the refusal of a
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Un revelador documental recordó el histórico juicio a las Juntas.
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of an estimated 8,000 to 9,000 people during what was called the
2118:
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647:, Andrés D'Alessio, Jorge Valerga Aráoz, and Guillermo Ledesma.
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Chief
Prosecutor Julio César Strassera reads closing arguments.
1001:
18:
756:. It was the first major trial held for war crimes since the
635:(who would go on to become the first Chief Prosecutor of the
639:). The trial was presided over by a tribunal of six judges:
922:
were acquitted, though the latter three were concomitantly
1094:] (Nothing more than the truth: the trial of the juntas),
2278:
Argentine Beagle conflict dispute resolution referendum
785:. On October 25, President Alfonsín declared a 60-day
1135:"Former Argentinian ministers lose criminal amnesties"
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2156:
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2024:
1971:
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992:The original video tapes of the trial have been in
727:
National
Commission on the Disappearance of Persons
534:
National Commission on the Disappearance of Persons
1178:NORUEGA CONSERVA LOS TAPES DEL JUICIO A LAS JUNTAS
996:since 1988. All of the Trial's judges traveled to
408:Coordination of United Revolutionary Organizations
747:Julio César Strassera § Trial of the Juntas
847:
602:) was the judicial trial of the members of the
1092:Nada más que la verdad: el juicio a las juntas
2134:
1894:
1239:
1108:"Major events in the life of Nestor Kirchner"
822:Assistant Secretary of State for Human Rights
571:
8:
1189:Aquellos testimonios del Juicio a las Juntas
1090:Ciancaglini, Sergio, and Granovsky, Martín.
880:Sentencing was read on 9 December: General
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1887:
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578:
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82:
545:Indictment and arrest of Augusto Pinochet
69:Learn how and when to remove this message
1939:Alliance for Work, Justice and Education
32:This article includes a list of general
1167:Amnesty International: Argentina (2010)
1061:
855:
459:Navy Petty-Officers School of Mechanics
85:
1086:
1084:
7:
2178:Permanent Assembly for Human Rights
1315:Dreadnought race with Brazil, Chile
1133:Sturcke, James (5 September 2006).
2252:1989 attack on La Tablada Regiment
1000:on April 25 of that year with 147
613:Proceso de Reorganización Nacional
392:Dirección de Inteligencia Nacional
38:it lacks sufficient corresponding
14:
946:Between 1989 and 1990, President
810:Grandmothers of the Plaza de Mayo
306:Revolutionary Left Movement (MIR)
301:People's Revolutionary Army (ERP)
2201:
1962:
1929:Intransigent Radical Civic Union
858:
419:Argentine Anticommunist Alliance
23:
16:1985 judicial trial in Argentina
1972:Radical presidents of Argentina
1340:National Reorganization Process
1069:"Alfonsin decreta estado sitio"
696:National Reorganization Process
610:during the dictatorship of the
606:military government that ruled
414:Serviço Nacional de Informações
178:National Reorganization Process
1004:tapes which were given to the
976:In 2006, the government tried
926:for malfeasance in waging the
1:
1917:Related parties or alliances
637:International Criminal Court
550:Mothers of the Plaza de Mayo
402:Batallón de Inteligencia 601
2357:Presidency of Raúl Alfonsín
1745:Water supply and sanitation
1212:with Julio César Strassera.
896:: seventeen years, Admiral
387:Central Intelligence Agency
2398:
2382:Trials of political people
2362:Legal history of Argentina
1985:Marcelo Torcuato de Alvear
744:
693:
2199:
1960:
1840:
1673:
1580:
1458:
1372:
904:: four and a half years.
806:Estela Barnes de Carlotto
515:National Security Archive
444:Estadio Nacional de Chile
381:Organizations responsible
2329:María Lorenza Barreneche
1463:Administrative divisions
1051:, a film about the trial
1022:Ley de Obediencia Debida
208:Margarita Belén massacre
2257:1989 riots in Argentina
2242:1987 Carapintada mutiny
2188:Death and state funeral
964:crimes against humanity
956:Argentine Supreme Court
900:: eight years, General
816:" survivor Pablo Díaz;
198:Operativo Independencia
53:more precise citations.
2288:1987 midterm elections
2283:1985 midterm elections
2088:Revolution of the Park
1632:Science and technology
1010:Constitution of Norway
854:
656:Emilio Eduardo Massera
599:
2273:1983 general election
2172:La cuestión argentina
1096:Buenos Aires: Planeta
826:Carter Administration
745:Further information:
731:forced disappearances
694:Further information:
660:Roberto Eduardo Viola
650:Those on trial were:
629:Julio César Strassera
2309:Law of Due Obedience
2003:Arturo Umberto Illia
1954:Juntos por el Cambio
1437:World Heritage Sites
1310:Arms race with Chile
1215:Clarín, 2005-12-09.
1006:Norwegian Parliament
936:Law of Due Obedience
898:Armando Lambruschini
814:Night of the Pencils
766:forced disappearance
668:Orlando Ramón Agosti
664:Armando Lambruschini
494:Archives and reports
359:Luis Posada Carriles
344:Stefano Delle Chiaie
318:Principal operatives
193:Night of the Pencils
95:Background histories
2372:Trials in Argentina
2237:Trial of the Juntas
2165:Propuesta y control
2108:Trial of the Juntas
2072:Ramón Javier Mestre
1910:Radical Civic Union
1355:December 2001 riots
1350:Trial of the Juntas
1295:War of Independence
783:Ministry of Defense
652:Jorge Rafael Videla
645:Ricardo Gil Lavedra
600:Juicio a las Juntas
592:Trial of the Juntas
540:Trial of the Juntas
354:Virgilio Paz Romero
334:Hugo Campos Hermida
273:Jorge Rafael Videla
2098:Revolution of 1905
2093:Revolution of 1893
2015:Fernando de la Rúa
1609:Electricity sector
1280:Colonial Argentina
1113:2011-03-21 at the
1042:Greek junta trials
1027:Ley de Punto Final
978:Miguel Etchecolatz
958:ruling permitting
888:were sentenced to
818:Patricia M. Derian
787:state of emergency
643:, Jorge Torlasco,
633:Luis Moreno Ocampo
631:and his assistant
500:Archives of Terror
268:Alfredo Stroessner
232:Government leaders
2377:1985 in Argentina
2344:
2343:
2317:
2316:
2157:Life and politics
2116:
2115:
1991:Hipólito Yrigoyen
1979:Hipólito Yrigoyen
1876:
1875:
1836:
1835:
1660:
1659:
1567:
1566:
1537:Political parties
1532:National Congress
1478:Foreign relations
1445:
1444:
1305:Generation of '80
1275:First inhabitants
982:Julio Jorge López
920:Basilio Lami Dozo
912:Leopoldo Galtieri
890:life imprisonment
865:
802:Jorge Luis Borges
798:Alejandro Lanusse
794:cross-examination
684:Basilio Lami Dozo
676:Leopoldo Galtieri
588:
587:
482:Due obedience law
285:Targeted militias
258:Leopoldo Galtieri
248:Basilio Lami Dozo
183:Operation Colombo
79:
78:
71:
2389:
2335:Ricardo Alfonsín
2217:
2205:
2143:
2136:
2129:
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2067:Ricardo Alfonsín
2057:Rodolfo Terragno
2037:Arturo Jauretche
1966:
1944:Broad Front UNEN
1903:
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1798:National symbols
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1614:Economic history
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758:Nüremberg Trials
723:Reynaldo Bignone
710:Self-Amnesty Law
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566:
536:
454:Colonia Dignidad
410:
397:Caravan of Death
339:Manuel Contreras
263:Augusto Pinochet
188:Operation Charly
141:
138:1973 coup d'état
128:
110:
107:1976 coup d'état
87:Operation Condor
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49:this article by
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1997:Arturo Frondizi
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832:, and renowned
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808:, President of
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2025:Other Radicals
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1204:Decree No. 158
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1075:(26 Oct 1985)
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902:Orlando Agosti
886:Emilio Massera
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837:anthropologist
830:Theo van Boven
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735:military court
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672:Omar Graffigna
641:León Arslanián
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2150:Raúl Alfonsín
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2009:Raúl Alfonsín
2007:
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1934:Franja Morada
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1345:Falklands War
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932:Full Stop Law
929:
928:Falklands War
925:
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913:
909:
905:
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894:Roberto Viola
891:
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875:
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851:(¡Nunca más!)
846:
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754:Latin America
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625:Raúl Alfonsín
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510:Valech Report
508:
506:
505:Rettig Report
503:
501:
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483:
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477:Full stop law
475:
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335:
332:
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329:Orlando Bosch
327:
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324:Alfredo Astiz
322:
321:
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229:
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221:
220:
219:Desaparecidos
216:
214:
213:Death flights
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209:
206:
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201:
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62:
52:
48:
42:
41:
35:
30:
21:
20:
2236:
2232:Austral plan
2170:
2163:
2107:
2042:Ernesto Sanz
1768:Architecture
1735:Prostitution
1723:Demographics
1596:Central Bank
1495:Human rights
1468:Constitution
1349:
1325:World War II
1217:
1184:
1173:
1162:
1150:. Retrieved
1139:The Guardian
1138:
1128:
1122:(in Spanish)
1118:
1103:
1095:
1091:
1077:(in Spanish)
1072:
1064:
1046:
1032:Carapintadas
991:
975:
968:
962:in cases of
960:extraditions
954:obtained an
948:Carlos Menem
945:
906:
884:and Admiral
882:Jorge Videla
879:
850:
848:
844:
791:
750:
719:
703:
649:
622:
617:
611:
603:
591:
589:
539:
437:
364:Paul Schäfer
218:
80:
65:
59:January 2023
56:
37:
2247:Spring plan
2062:Julio Cobos
2017:(1999-2003)
2011:(1983-1989)
2005:(1963-1969)
1999:(1958-1963)
1993:(1928-1934)
1987:(1922-1928)
1981:(1916-1922)
1924:Civic Union
1698:Immigration
1585:Agriculture
1510:Transgender
1392:Environment
1387:Earthquakes
1290:Viceroyalty
1285:Governorate
916:Jorge Anaya
741:Proceedings
716:Preparation
680:Jorge Anaya
243:Hugo Banzer
238:Jorge Anaya
51:introducing
2351:Categories
2212:Presidency
2081:Key events
1828:Television
1803:Newspapers
1788:Literature
1693:Healthcare
1678:Corruption
1626:(currency)
1488:ministries
1483:Government
1300:Civil Wars
1056:References
892:, General
876:Sentencing
840:Clyde Snow
779:sentencing
690:Background
618:el Proceso
291:Montoneros
34:references
2367:Dirty War
2266:Elections
1949:Cambiemos
1703:Languages
1688:Education
1652:Transport
1542:President
1473:Elections
1417:Mountains
1365:Geography
1335:Dirty War
1255:Argentina
1210:Interview
1152:2 October
1147:0261-3077
942:Aftermath
800:, writer
774:Dirty War
700:Dirty War
608:Argentina
527:Reactions
438:Esmeralda
431:Locations
296:Tupamaros
173:Dirty War
101:Argentina
2193:Timeline
1863:Category
1808:Painting
1740:Religion
1642:Taxation
1527:Military
1500:Intersex
1451:Politics
1330:Peronism
1259:articles
1111:Archived
1016:See also
988:Archives
971:Videla's
834:forensic
604:de facto
145:Paraguay
2227:CONADEP
1847:Outline
1778:Cuisine
1760:Culture
1666:Society
1647:Tourism
1590:Banking
1573:Economy
1427:Regions
1412:Islands
1382:Climate
1267:History
1098:, 1995.
1073:El País
1037:CONADEP
824:in the
762:torture
725:). The
596:Spanish
155:Uruguay
114:Bolivia
47:improve
2331:(wife)
2322:Family
2220:Events
1868:Portal
1823:Sports
1773:Cinema
1718:People
1432:Rivers
1377:Cities
1257:
1145:
994:Norway
770:murder
768:, and
167:Events
134:
121:
119:Brazil
103:
36:, but
2337:(son)
1854:Index
1818:Radio
1793:Music
1783:Humor
1750:Women
1708:LGBT+
1683:Crime
1624:Peso
1407:Flora
1402:Fauna
132:Chile
125:1960s
2297:Laws
1547:list
1505:LGBT
1154:2023
1143:ISSN
998:Oslo
918:and
698:and
682:and
590:The
471:Laws
150:Peru
1517:Law
1119:M24
1002:VHS
812:; "
2353::
1141:.
1137:.
1117:,
1083:^
1071:,
1012:.
914:,
910:,
842:.
820:,
804:,
789:.
764:,
686:.
678:,
674:,
670:,
666:,
662:,
658:,
654:,
598::
2142:e
2135:t
2128:v
1902:e
1895:t
1888:v
1247:e
1240:t
1233:v
1156:.
616:(
594:(
579:e
572:t
565:v
140:)
136:(
127:)
123:(
109:)
105:(
72:)
66:(
61:)
57:(
43:.
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