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among their practitioners. John Howard Martin, of the Cricks and Martin filmmaking duo, produced popular trick films as late as 1913, when he began doing solo work. However, British interest in trick films was generally on the wane by 1912, with even an elaborate production like Méliès's
214:
has pointed out, the comedy in Méliès's trick film style is "a matter of joy borne of marvelous transformations and physically impossible events," "a comedy of metaphysical release that celebrates the possibility of substituting the laws of physics with the laws of the imagination."
34:
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Trick films should not be confused with short silent films that feature conventional stage magic acts ("films of tricks," in the words of the film historian
Matthew Solomon). Instead, trick films create illusions using film techniques.
210:
Trick films generally convey a sprightly humor, created not so much by jokes or comedic situations as by the energetic whimsy inherent in making impossible events seem to occur. As the philosopher
35:
84:
in some of his first cinematic experiments, and his works remain the most classic examples of the genre. Other early experimenters included the French showmen
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In the first years of film, especially between 1898 and 1908, the trick film was one of the world's most popular
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146:"Trick novelties," as the British often called trick films, received a wide vogue in the United Kingdom, with
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119:. Before 1906, it was likely the second most prevalent genre in film, surpassed only by nonfiction
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Solomon, Matthew (December 2006), "Up-to-Date Magic: Theatrical
Conjuring and the Trick Film",
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The spectacular nature of trick films also lived on in other genres, including
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created by varying the camera cranking speed; the editing device called the
1613:
483:"The Cinema of Attractions: Early Film, Its Spectator, and the Avant-Garde"
17:
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Short silent films designed to feature innovative special effects
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123:. Techniques explored in these trick films included
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164:Elements of the trick film style survived in the
489:, New Haven: Yale University Press, p. 39,
515:, vol. 2, London: Routledge, p. 180,
438:Parallel Tracks: The Railroad and Silent Cinema
470:, London: Laurence King Publishing, p. 19
630:
8:
415:
413:
411:
398:
396:
637:
623:
615:
487:Theater and Film: A Comparative Anthology
570:, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press
549:
534:
461:
459:
457:
419:
402:
392:
379:Princess Nicotine; or, The Smoke Fairy
80:The trick film genre was developed by
7:
100:, and the American cinematographers
2977:List of American independent films
25:
441:, Durham: Duke University Press,
3183:
3174:
3173:
68:designed to feature innovative
1:
307:The Man with the Rubber Head
227:The Execution of Mary Stuart
161:received relatively coolly.
568:Theorizing the Moving Image
468:100 Ideas That Changed Film
355:Aladdin and His Wonder Lamp
291:How It Feels to Be Run Over
3246:
2868:Classical Hollywood cinema
2057:Commedia sexy all'italiana
965:Exploitation film template
909:Commedia sexy all'italiana
485:, in Knopf, Robert (ed.),
339:Ten Ladies in One Umbrella
331:The Kingdom of the Fairies
259:The Four Troublesome Heads
3169:
2435:German underground horror
2390:Documentary Film Movement
2298:American eccentric cinema
466:Parkinson, David (2012),
363:Dream of a Rarebit Fiend
158:The Conquest of the Pole
92:, the British magicians
2370:Cinema of Transgression
1504:Cinema of Transgression
512:History of British Film
2455:Hollywood on the Tiber
566:Carroll, Noël (1996),
323:Jack and the Beanstalk
243:The Astronomer's Dream
50:
2445:Grupo Cine Liberación
2385:Czechoslovak New Wave
2380:Commedia all'italiana
727:Commedia all'italiana
509:Low, Rachael (1997),
481:Gunning, Tom (2005),
435:Kirby, Lynne (1997),
347:The Impossible Voyage
275:The Enchanted Drawing
188:science fiction films
106:James Stuart Blackton
46:The Infernal Cauldron
42:
2972:Guerrilla filmmaking
2635:Kitchen sink realism
2590:Praška filmska škola
2520:New French Extremity
2430:German Expressionist
2338:Kitchen sink realism
2203:Contemporary Western
1983:Environmental issues
1514:New French Extremity
1472:New French Extremity
1297:Softcore pornography
1292:Hardcore pornography
1159:New French Extremity
589:10.1353/tj.2007.0032
251:The Famous Box Trick
98:John Nevil Maskelyne
2708:Children and family
2682:Yugoslav Black Wave
2555:Nuevo Cine Mexicano
2440:Nigerian Golden Age
2405:European art cinema
2308:Australian New Wave
283:The Christmas Dream
133:substitution splice
3006:Major film studios
2600:Pure Film Movement
2580:Polish Film School
2480:Italian neorealist
2460:Hong Kong New Wave
2062:Mexican sex comedy
1119:German underground
315:A Trip to the Moon
235:The Vanishing Lady
196:swashbuckler films
51:
3197:
3196:
3136:Socialist realist
2848:Behind-the-scenes
2625:Socialist realist
2620:Spaghetti Western
2610:Romanian New Wave
2485:Japanese New Wave
2151:Sword and sorcery
2067:Nazi exploitation
1649:Mumbai underworld
1405:Planetary romance
371:The Haunted Hotel
358:(1906, Capellani)
141:multiple exposure
137:in-camera effects
55:history of cinema
40:
16:(Redirected from
3237:
3187:
3177:
3176:
3156:Vulgar auteurism
2984:Interstitial art
2962:Hyperlink cinema
2677:Vulgar auteurism
2672:Toronto New Wave
2662:Telefoni Bianchi
2657:Sword-and-sandal
2475:Italian futurist
2470:Iranian New Wave
2333:British New Wave
2146:Sword-and-sandal
2027:Rape and revenge
1968:Mouth of Garbage
1814:Tentacle erotica
1762:Goona-goona epic
1742:Extraterrestrial
1629:Heroic bloodshed
1263:Occult detective
1094:Christmas horror
946:Sword-and-sandal
678:Hong Kong action
673:Heroic bloodshed
639:
632:
625:
616:
607:
571:
553:
552:, pp. 602–3
547:
541:
532:
526:
525:
506:
500:
499:
478:
472:
471:
463:
452:
451:
432:
426:
417:
406:
400:
382:(1909, Blackton)
374:(1907, Blackton)
299:The One-Man Band
294:(1900, Hepworth)
278:(1900, Blackton)
43:Georges Méliès'
41:
21:
3245:
3244:
3240:
3239:
3238:
3236:
3235:
3234:
3200:
3199:
3198:
3193:
3165:
3106:Semidocumentary
3031:Minimalist film
3021:Message picture
3016:Maximalist film
2910:Database cinema
2893:Computer screen
2853:Black-and-white
2778:
2776:
2774:
2768:
2686:
2642:Soviet parallel
2565:Parallel cinema
2560:Pan-Indian film
2490:Kammerspielfilm
2425:French New Wave
2345:Budapest school
2328:Brighton School
2303:New Objectivity
2285:
2279:
2248:Science fiction
1880:Bruceploitation
1789:Girls with guns
1735:Turksploitation
1609:Gentleman thief
1525:
1360:Science fiction
1206:Minimalist film
1201:Maximalist film
1179:Science fiction
1139:Japanese horror
936:Social guidance
651:
643:
612:
610:
577:Theatre Journal
574:
565:
561:
556:
548:
544:
533:
529:
523:
508:
507:
503:
497:
480:
479:
475:
465:
464:
455:
449:
434:
433:
429:
418:
409:
401:
394:
390:
385:
221:
204:
172:films, such as
121:actuality films
110:Edwin S. Porter
78:
70:special effects
30:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
3243:
3241:
3233:
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3143:
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3133:
3128:
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3118:
3113:
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3103:
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3093:
3091:Reverse motion
3088:
3083:
3078:
3073:
3068:
3063:
3058:
3053:
3048:
3043:
3041:Modernist film
3038:
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2905:
2903:midnight movie
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2725:
2717:
2716:
2715:
2705:
2700:
2694:
2692:
2691:By demographic
2688:
2687:
2685:
2684:
2679:
2674:
2669:
2664:
2659:
2654:
2649:
2644:
2639:
2638:
2637:
2630:Social realist
2627:
2622:
2617:
2612:
2607:
2602:
2597:
2592:
2587:
2585:Poliziotteschi
2582:
2577:
2575:Poetic realist
2572:
2567:
2562:
2557:
2552:
2547:
2542:
2537:
2532:
2530:New generation
2527:
2522:
2517:
2512:
2507:
2505:Modernist film
2502:
2497:
2495:L.A. Rebellion
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2360:Cinéma du look
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2273:Zapata Western
2270:
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2255:
2253:Singing cowboy
2250:
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2208:Dacoit Western
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2111:
2106:
2101:
2096:
2091:
2089:Shoshimin-eiga
2086:
2085:
2084:
2079:
2077:Nunsploitation
2074:
2072:Pornochanchada
2069:
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1749:
1747:Food and drink
1744:
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1725:Blaxploitation
1717:
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1654:Poliziotteschi
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1509:Extreme cinema
1506:
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1141:
1136:
1131:
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1116:
1111:
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1101:
1096:
1091:
1089:Chinese horror
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699:
694:
693:
692:
682:
681:
680:
675:
670:
659:
657:
653:
652:
644:
642:
641:
634:
627:
619:
609:
608:
583:(4): 595–615,
572:
562:
560:
557:
555:
554:
542:
527:
521:
501:
495:
473:
453:
447:
427:
407:
391:
389:
386:
384:
383:
375:
367:
366:(1906, Porter)
359:
351:
350:(1904, Méliès)
343:
342:(1903, Méliès)
335:
334:(1903, Méliès)
327:
326:(1902, Porter)
319:
318:(1902, Méliès)
311:
310:(1901, Méliès)
303:
302:(1900, Méliès)
295:
287:
286:(1900, Méliès)
279:
271:
270:(1899, Méliès)
263:
262:(1898, Méliès)
255:
254:(1898, Méliès)
247:
246:(1898, Méliès)
239:
238:(1896, Méliès)
231:
222:
220:
217:
203:
200:
152:Cecil Hepworth
148:Robert W. Paul
135:; and various
82:Georges Méliès
77:
74:
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
3242:
3231:
3230:1910s in film
3228:
3226:
3225:1900s in film
3223:
3221:
3220:1890s in film
3218:
3216:
3213:
3211:
3208:
3207:
3205:
3190:
3186:
3182:
3180:
3172:
3171:
3168:
3162:
3159:
3157:
3154:
3152:
3149:
3147:
3144:
3142:
3139:
3137:
3134:
3132:
3129:
3127:
3124:
3122:
3119:
3117:
3114:
3112:
3109:
3107:
3104:
3102:
3099:
3097:
3094:
3092:
3089:
3087:
3086:Postmodernist
3084:
3082:
3079:
3077:
3076:Participatory
3074:
3072:
3069:
3067:
3064:
3062:
3059:
3057:
3054:
3052:
3049:
3047:
3046:Musical short
3044:
3042:
3039:
3037:
3034:
3032:
3029:
3027:
3024:
3022:
3019:
3017:
3014:
3012:
3009:
3007:
3004:
3002:
2999:
2995:
2992:
2991:
2990:
2987:
2985:
2982:
2978:
2975:
2973:
2970:
2969:
2968:
2965:
2963:
2960:
2958:
2957:Found footage
2955:
2953:
2950:
2948:
2945:
2943:
2940:
2938:
2935:
2931:
2928:
2927:
2926:
2923:
2921:
2918:
2916:
2913:
2911:
2908:
2904:
2901:
2900:
2899:
2896:
2894:
2891:
2889:
2886:
2884:
2881:
2879:
2876:
2874:
2871:
2869:
2866:
2864:
2863:Cinéma vérité
2861:
2859:
2856:
2854:
2851:
2849:
2846:
2844:
2841:
2839:
2836:
2834:
2831:
2827:
2824:
2822:
2819:
2817:
2814:
2812:
2809:
2807:
2804:
2802:
2799:
2798:
2797:
2794:
2792:
2789:
2787:
2784:
2783:
2781:
2779:or production
2771:
2763:
2760:
2758:
2755:
2754:
2753:
2750:
2746:
2743:
2741:
2738:
2737:
2736:
2733:
2729:
2726:
2724:
2721:
2720:
2718:
2714:
2711:
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2709:
2706:
2704:
2701:
2699:
2696:
2695:
2693:
2689:
2683:
2680:
2678:
2675:
2673:
2670:
2668:
2665:
2663:
2660:
2658:
2655:
2653:
2650:
2648:
2645:
2643:
2640:
2636:
2633:
2632:
2631:
2628:
2626:
2623:
2621:
2618:
2616:
2613:
2611:
2608:
2606:
2603:
2601:
2598:
2596:
2595:Prussian film
2593:
2591:
2588:
2586:
2583:
2581:
2578:
2576:
2573:
2571:
2568:
2566:
2563:
2561:
2558:
2556:
2553:
2551:
2548:
2546:
2543:
2541:
2540:New Nollywood
2538:
2536:
2535:New Hollywood
2533:
2531:
2528:
2526:
2523:
2521:
2518:
2516:
2513:
2511:
2508:
2506:
2503:
2501:
2498:
2496:
2493:
2491:
2488:
2486:
2483:
2481:
2478:
2476:
2473:
2471:
2468:
2466:
2463:
2461:
2458:
2456:
2453:
2451:
2448:
2446:
2443:
2441:
2438:
2436:
2433:
2431:
2428:
2426:
2423:
2421:
2418:
2416:
2413:
2411:
2408:
2406:
2403:
2401:
2398:
2396:
2393:
2391:
2388:
2386:
2383:
2381:
2378:
2376:
2373:
2371:
2368:
2366:
2363:
2361:
2358:
2356:
2355:Cannibal boom
2353:
2351:
2350:Calligrafismo
2348:
2346:
2343:
2339:
2336:
2335:
2334:
2331:
2329:
2326:
2324:
2321:
2319:
2318:Berlin School
2316:
2314:
2311:
2309:
2306:
2304:
2301:
2299:
2296:
2294:
2291:
2290:
2288:
2282:
2274:
2271:
2269:
2268:Weird Western
2266:
2264:
2261:
2259:
2256:
2254:
2251:
2249:
2246:
2244:
2241:
2239:
2236:
2234:
2231:
2229:
2226:
2224:
2221:
2219:
2216:
2214:
2211:
2209:
2206:
2204:
2201:
2199:
2196:
2195:
2194:
2191:
2187:
2184:
2182:
2179:
2177:
2174:
2173:
2172:
2169:
2167:
2164:
2162:
2159:
2157:
2154:
2152:
2149:
2147:
2144:
2142:
2139:
2137:
2134:
2132:
2129:
2125:
2122:
2121:
2120:
2117:
2115:
2112:
2110:
2107:
2105:
2102:
2100:
2099:Slice of life
2097:
2095:
2092:
2090:
2087:
2083:
2080:
2078:
2075:
2073:
2070:
2068:
2065:
2063:
2060:
2058:
2055:
2053:
2052:Bavarian porn
2050:
2049:
2048:
2047:Sexploitation
2045:
2043:
2040:
2038:
2035:
2033:
2030:
2028:
2025:
2023:
2020:
2016:
2013:
2012:
2011:
2008:
2006:
2005:Partisan film
2003:
2001:
1998:
1996:
1993:
1991:
1988:
1984:
1981:
1980:
1979:
1976:
1974:
1973:Muslim social
1971:
1969:
1966:
1964:
1961:
1955:
1954:Zombie comedy
1952:
1951:
1950:
1947:
1945:
1942:
1940:
1937:
1935:
1932:
1930:
1929:Giant monster
1927:
1926:
1925:
1922:
1918:
1915:
1914:
1913:
1910:
1906:
1903:
1901:
1898:
1896:
1893:
1891:
1888:
1886:
1883:
1881:
1878:
1877:
1876:
1873:
1871:
1868:
1866:
1863:
1859:
1856:
1854:
1851:
1850:
1849:
1846:
1844:
1841:
1837:
1834:
1833:
1832:
1829:
1827:
1824:
1822:
1819:
1815:
1812:
1810:
1807:
1805:
1802:
1801:
1800:
1797:
1795:
1792:
1790:
1787:
1783:
1780:
1778:
1775:
1773:
1770:
1769:
1768:
1765:
1763:
1760:
1758:
1755:
1753:
1750:
1748:
1745:
1743:
1740:
1736:
1733:
1731:
1730:Mexploitation
1728:
1726:
1723:
1722:
1721:
1718:
1716:
1713:
1711:
1708:
1706:
1703:
1701:
1698:
1694:
1691:
1689:
1686:
1685:
1684:
1681:
1677:
1674:
1673:
1672:
1669:
1667:
1664:
1660:
1657:
1655:
1652:
1650:
1647:
1645:
1642:
1640:
1637:
1635:
1632:
1630:
1627:
1625:
1622:
1620:
1617:
1615:
1612:
1610:
1607:
1605:
1602:
1600:
1597:
1596:
1595:
1592:
1590:
1587:
1585:
1584:Coming-of-age
1582:
1580:
1577:
1575:
1572:
1570:
1567:
1563:
1560:
1558:
1555:
1554:
1553:
1550:
1548:
1545:
1543:
1540:
1538:
1535:
1534:
1532:
1528:
1522:
1519:
1515:
1512:
1510:
1507:
1505:
1502:
1501:
1500:
1499:Transgressive
1497:
1493:
1490:
1488:
1485:
1483:
1482:Psychological
1480:
1478:
1475:
1473:
1470:
1468:
1465:
1463:
1460:
1458:
1455:
1453:
1450:
1448:
1445:
1444:
1443:
1440:
1438:
1435:
1433:
1432:Slice of life
1430:
1426:
1423:
1421:
1418:
1416:
1413:
1411:
1408:
1406:
1403:
1401:
1398:
1396:
1393:
1391:
1388:
1386:
1383:
1381:
1378:
1376:
1373:
1371:
1368:
1366:
1363:
1362:
1361:
1358:
1354:
1351:
1349:
1346:
1344:
1341:
1339:
1336:
1332:
1329:
1328:
1327:
1324:
1323:
1322:
1319:
1317:
1314:
1312:
1309:
1304:
1300:
1298:
1295:
1293:
1290:
1289:
1288:
1285:
1283:
1280:
1276:
1273:
1269:
1266:
1264:
1261:
1260:
1259:
1256:
1255:
1254:
1251:
1247:
1244:
1242:
1239:
1237:
1234:
1232:
1229:
1227:
1224:
1222:
1219:
1218:
1217:
1214:
1212:
1209:
1207:
1204:
1202:
1199:
1195:
1192:
1190:
1187:
1185:
1182:
1180:
1177:
1175:
1172:
1170:
1169:Psychological
1167:
1165:
1162:
1160:
1157:
1155:
1152:
1150:
1147:
1145:
1144:Korean horror
1142:
1140:
1137:
1135:
1132:
1130:
1127:
1125:
1122:
1120:
1117:
1115:
1114:Found footage
1112:
1110:
1107:
1105:
1102:
1100:
1097:
1095:
1092:
1090:
1087:
1085:
1082:
1080:
1077:
1075:
1072:
1071:
1070:
1067:
1063:
1060:
1058:
1055:
1053:
1050:
1048:
1045:
1043:
1040:
1039:
1038:
1035:
1031:
1028:
1026:
1023:
1021:
1018:
1017:
1016:
1013:
1009:
1006:
1004:
1003:Magic realism
1001:
999:
996:
994:
991:
989:
986:
984:
981:
979:
976:
975:
974:
971:
967:
966:
961:
960:
959:
956:
954:
951:
947:
944:
943:
942:
939:
937:
934:
932:
929:
925:
922:
920:
919:Sexploitation
917:
915:
912:
910:
907:
906:
905:
902:
896:
893:
892:
891:
888:
886:
883:
881:
878:
876:
873:
871:
870:Calligrafismo
868:
867:
866:
863:
859:
856:
854:
851:
849:
846:
844:
841:
839:
836:
834:
831:
829:
826:
824:
823:City symphony
821:
819:
816:
815:
814:
811:
807:
804:
803:
802:
799:
795:
792:
790:
787:
785:
782:
780:
777:
775:
772:
770:
767:
765:
762:
760:
757:
755:
752:
750:
747:
745:
742:
740:
737:
733:
730:
729:
728:
725:
723:
720:
718:
715:
714:
713:
710:
708:
705:
703:
700:
698:
695:
691:
688:
687:
686:
683:
679:
676:
674:
671:
669:
666:
665:
664:
661:
660:
658:
654:
650:
647:
640:
635:
633:
628:
626:
621:
620:
617:
613:
606:
602:
598:
594:
590:
586:
582:
578:
573:
569:
564:
563:
558:
551:
546:
543:
540:
536:
531:
528:
524:
522:9780415156479
518:
514:
513:
505:
502:
498:
492:
488:
484:
477:
474:
469:
462:
460:
458:
454:
450:
444:
440:
439:
431:
428:
425:
421:
416:
414:
412:
408:
405:, p. 596
404:
399:
397:
393:
387:
381:
380:
376:
373:
372:
368:
365:
364:
360:
357:
356:
352:
349:
348:
344:
341:
340:
336:
333:
332:
328:
325:
324:
320:
317:
316:
312:
309:
308:
304:
301:
300:
296:
293:
292:
288:
285:
284:
280:
277:
276:
272:
269:
268:
264:
261:
260:
256:
253:
252:
248:
245:
244:
240:
237:
236:
232:
230:(1895, Clark)
229:
228:
224:
223:
218:
216:
213:
208:
201:
199:
197:
193:
189:
185:
184:musical films
181:
180:
175:
174:Buster Keaton
171:
170:silent comedy
167:
162:
160:
159:
153:
149:
144:
142:
138:
134:
130:
126:
122:
118:
113:
111:
107:
103:
99:
95:
91:
90:Vincent Isola
87:
83:
75:
73:
71:
67:
64:
60:
56:
53:In the early
48:
47:
19:
2925:Experimental
2920:Ethnofiction
2667:Third Cinema
2570:Persian Film
2313:Auteur films
2284:By movement
2141:Swashbuckler
2000:Ozploitation
1995:Outlaw biker
1875:Martial arts
1870:Magical girl
1720:Exploitation
1715:Ethnographic
1644:Mafia comedy
1520:
1287:Pornographic
1164:Psycho-biddy
1149:Lovecraftian
983:Contemporary
964:
958:Exploitation
953:Experimental
833:Mockumentary
702:Biographical
611:
580:
576:
567:
550:Solomon 2006
545:
535:Carroll 1996
530:
511:
504:
486:
476:
467:
437:
430:
420:Carroll 1996
403:Solomon 2006
377:
369:
361:
353:
345:
337:
329:
321:
313:
305:
297:
289:
281:
273:
265:
257:
249:
241:
233:
225:
212:Noël Carroll
209:
205:
192:horror films
179:Sherlock Jr.
177:
163:
156:
145:
114:
102:Billy Bitzer
94:David Devant
79:
66:silent films
58:
52:
44:
3215:Trick films
3210:Film genres
3151:Video nasty
3146:Underground
3131:Slow cinema
3101:Sceneggiata
2989:Live action
2967:Independent
2947:Film à clef
2915:Docufiction
2883:Compilation
2858:Blockbuster
2826:Traditional
2821:Stop-motion
2757:Chick flick
2615:Slow cinema
2605:Remodernist
2420:Free Cinema
2400:Erra Cinema
2365:Cinema Novo
2243:Revisionist
1752:Gendai-geki
1688:Psychedelic
1676:Apocalyptic
1542:Beach party
1437:Slow cinema
1410:Space opera
1375:Fantastique
1246:Sceneggiata
1236:Musicarello
1109:Fantastique
988:Fantastique
931:Educational
858:Video essay
813:Documentary
129:fast motion
125:slow motion
117:film genres
59:trick films
18:Trick films
3204:Categories
3071:Paracinema
3056:Neorealist
3051:Mythopoeia
3036:Mockbuster
3001:Low-budget
2942:Featurette
2775:technique,
2773:By format,
2652:Surrealist
2647:Structural
2525:New German
2515:Neorealist
2510:Mumblecore
2450:Heimatfilm
2410:Film d'art
2375:Cinéma pur
2109:South Seas
2082:Sex report
1348:Paranormal
1311:Propaganda
1211:Mumblecore
998:Historical
880:Historical
769:Remarriage
759:Mo lei tau
537:, p.
496:0300128703
448:0822318393
422:, p.
388:References
267:Cinderella
166:sight gags
139:, such as
3061:No-budget
3026:Meta-film
2994:animation
2952:Film-poem
2888:Composite
2833:Anthology
2796:Animation
2791:Actuality
2777:approach,
2545:New Queer
2465:Indiewood
2415:Film gris
2286:or period
2263:Spaghetti
2186:Submarine
2166:Vigilante
2131:Superhero
1885:Chopsocky
1831:Jidaigeki
1700:Dystopian
1599:Detective
1557:Buddy cop
1547:Body swap
1477:Political
1457:Financial
1420:Tokusatsu
1415:Steampunk
1331:Bromantic
1303:Malayalam
1282:Crossover
1258:Detective
1226:Backstage
1174:Religious
1030:Tech noir
1025:Pulp noir
1015:Film noir
890:Melodrama
828:Docudrama
801:Cyberpunk
794:Slapstick
784:Screwball
744:Gross out
707:Christian
685:Adventure
605:194080442
559:Citations
3179:Category
3066:One-shot
2930:Abstract
2816:Computer
2500:Lettrist
2395:Dogme 95
2323:Bourekas
2293:Absolute
2233:Northern
2228:Meat pie
2181:Euro War
2176:Anti-war
2042:Rumberas
1963:Mountain
1865:Luchador
1821:Homeland
1809:Shotacon
1782:Suburban
1710:Economic
1671:Disaster
1604:Gangster
1579:Colonial
1569:Cannibal
1530:By theme
1487:Romantic
1442:Thriller
1400:New Wave
1395:Military
1353:Thriller
1321:Romantic
1268:Whodunit
1241:Operetta
1221:Arthouse
1189:Splatter
1084:Cannibal
1074:Arthouse
1057:Suburban
1047:Southern
1020:Neo-noir
924:Thriller
818:Animated
806:Japanese
774:Romantic
764:Thriller
690:Survival
668:Arthouse
656:By style
597:25069917
219:Examples
3161:Z movie
2937:Feature
2873:Collage
2843:B movie
2811:Cartoon
2550:No wave
2218:Florida
2213:Fantasy
2193:Western
2136:Surfing
2124:Eurospy
2094:Slavery
1944:Vampire
1924:Monster
1895:Kung fu
1836:Samurai
1804:Lolicon
1772:Romance
1619:Gong'an
1589:Concert
1574:Chicano
1537:Animals
1425:Western
1380:Fantasy
1338:Fantasy
1316:Reality
1253:Mystery
1231:Jukebox
1216:Musical
1194:Satanic
1184:Slasher
1154:Natural
1134:Holiday
1042:Romance
1008:Science
973:Fantasy
875:Dramedy
739:Dramedy
76:History
3189:Portal
3126:Silent
3116:Shinpa
3111:Serial
3096:Satire
3081:Poetry
3011:Masala
2740:Shōnen
2723:Seinen
2238:Ostern
2223:Horror
2156:Travel
2114:Sports
2037:Rubble
2010:Prison
1978:Nature
1949:Zombie
1890:Gun fu
1826:Isekai
1799:Hentai
1767:Gothic
1693:Stoner
1659:Yakuza
1614:Gokudō
1562:Female
1492:Techno
1462:Giallo
1452:Erotic
1447:Comedy
1390:Horror
1385:Gothic
1370:Comedy
1343:Gothic
1326:Comedy
1275:Giallo
1129:Giallo
1099:Comedy
1069:Horror
1037:Gothic
978:Comedy
904:Erotic
895:Korean
853:Travel
843:Pseudo
789:Silent
754:Parody
749:Horror
717:Action
712:Comedy
663:Action
649:genres
603:
595:
519:
493:
445:
194:, and
49:, 1903
3141:Sound
3121:Short
2878:Color
2801:Anime
2762:Josei
2752:Women
2745:Shōjo
2713:Anime
2703:Black
2698:Adult
2258:Space
2161:Trial
2104:Snuff
2015:Women
1990:Opera
1939:Mummy
1934:Kaiju
1917:Anime
1912:Mecha
1905:Wuxia
1900:Ninja
1848:LGBTQ
1843:Kaitō
1794:Harem
1777:Space
1757:Ghost
1705:Ecchi
1666:Dance
1639:Mafia
1624:Heist
1594:Crime
1552:Buddy
1521:Trick
1467:Legal
1124:Ghost
1062:Urban
1052:Space
885:Legal
865:Drama
838:Mondo
722:Black
601:S2CID
593:JSTOR
202:Style
86:Émile
63:short
61:were
2898:Cult
2735:Teen
2728:Stag
2719:Men
2198:Acid
2032:Road
2022:Race
1858:Yuri
1853:Yaoi
1683:Drug
1634:Hood
1079:Body
993:High
963:see
941:Epic
914:Pink
848:Semi
732:Sexy
646:Film
517:ISBN
491:ISBN
443:ISBN
150:and
127:and
108:and
96:and
88:and
2838:Art
2806:Art
2171:War
2119:Spy
1365:Art
1104:Eco
779:Sex
697:Art
585:doi
539:156
424:146
176:'s
168:of
3206::
2786:3D
599:,
591:,
581:58
579:,
456:^
410:^
395:^
198:.
190:,
186:,
143:.
112:.
104:,
72:.
57:,
1305:)
1301:(
638:e
631:t
624:v
587::
20:)
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